WO2012146466A1

WO2012146466A1 - Electric melting furnace

Info

Publication number: WO2012146466A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/056064
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hansjörg Huber; Alexander Lauer
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2011-04-29
Filing date: 2012-04-03
Publication date: 2012-11-01
Also published as: MX346205B; DE102011075003B3; MX2013011461A; CN103502480B; CN103502480A; RU2013152951A; DE102011075003C5; RU2601041C2

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric melting furnace (2) containing a supporting frame (14) installed in a stationary manner and a melting vessel (4) seated thereon in a working position (A), a vessel changing cart (18), which can be displaced between a parking position (P) and a transfer position (Ü) and comprises a receptacle (22) for the melting vessel (4), and a transfer device (26), which in the transfer position (Ü) detaches the melting vessel (4) from the supporting frame (14) and sets it down in the receptacle (22) of the vessel changing cart (18), wherein as the transfer device (26), the supporting frame (14) can be lowered out of the working position (A) relative to the vessel changing cart (18) in the transfer position (Ü) such that, during lowering, the melting vessel (4) is first seated on the receptacle (22) and is then detached from the supporting frame (14) by being lifted off the same.

Description

description

Electric melting furnace The invention relates to an electric melting furnace.

The invention relates to an electric melting furnace, with a stationary installed support frame and a resting in a working position on this melting vessel, with movable between a parking position and a transfer position, a receptacle for the melting vessel having vascular change ^¬ carts.

An electric melting furnace (EAF, elektric arc furnace) is used as a large-scale plant, among other things for the industrial melting of steel scrap, in order to recover steel in a recycling process. An electric melting furnace comprises a melting vessel, into which the steel scrap ge ^¬ melted and is processed. The melting vessel is examples game as a so-called lower vessel that includes a classified ^¬ sisch brick lining that needs to be gewar ^¬ tet or repaired regularly. The melting vessel may al ^¬ lerdings next to the lower vessel contain an upper vessel, for example, since ^¬ Liche water-cooled panel walls and burner panels, which must also be maintained. In the so-called

Wechselgefäßtechnik it is therefore necessary to remove the melting vessel, for example, at regular intervals for maintenance or in an emergency from the actual furnace environment. In all cases, the melting vessel must therefore beitsposition from its working, in which the melting process takes place, be ^¬ moved or removed.

Electric melting furnaces are designed, inter alia, as shaft furnaces with a fixed upper vessel or shaft. The shaft is used to load the melting vessel and, for example, to preheat a batch to be melted. The accessibility to the melting vessel by means of a hall crane is then not given, since the melting vessel in its working position covered by the fixed elements of the oven.

From EP 0 385 434 B1, therefore, a so-called vessel cart for a shaft furnace is known. The well-known vascular cart includes the melting vessel, a surrounding part of it, accessible by staff frame part and a driving and tilting mechanism inklu ^¬ sive own hydraulic system. All components are carried on the vascular cart or form a mobile unit. The hydraulic system is used to lower the melting ^¬ vessel from the overlying shaft and the tilting of the melting vessel for casting the slag or for tapping the molten steel. To remove the crucible from the furnace environment this is abge ^¬ lowered from the overlying shaft or upper vessel and then moved the entire vessel car from the working position in a parking position. There, the vascular car can be maintained or, for example, the melting vessel can be lifted off with a hall crane. The parking position is thus also a removal position of the melting vessel. The vessel carriage is mounted perma ^¬ nent on wheels and rails, so has its own railway track. Wheels and rails are permanently loaded during a melting process by the process vibrations as well as the high weight of the vessel wagon with the filled melting vessel and the hydraulic system. To ensure pro ^¬ zess security, also the lifting and tilting hydraulics is redundant, so that in particular a tilted melting vessel can be moved back into the horizontal starting position even in case of failure of a lifting cylinder by the redundant lifting cylinder.

The well-known electric furnace has another, schma ^¬ sized railway track for a wheeled on this ladle car, which has its own drive. The ladle carries a ladle for receiving the molten steel. The pan car must be moved beyond the parking position of the vessel car starting from the electric melting furnace so that the vascular cart can be moved to there. The rail track of the Pfannenwagens must therefore extend beyond the parking ^¬ position.

In the known electric melting furnace both vans and pan cars from the oven environment are removable only in a single direction. In other words, the two track tracks end at the electric smelting furnace.

DE 4240667 C2 describes a steel plant with a, attached to an annular support member metallurgical vessel, and with means for supplying Möller and discharge of molten material. The upper vessel part and the Ge ^¬ fäßunterteil arranged below the annular support element are on the support element detachable and replaceable be ^¬ consolidates.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved electric melting furnace.

The object is achieved by an electric melting furnace according to claim 1. This has a stationary installed support frame. In a working position of the melting vessel of this rests on the supporting frame or is at this buildin ^¬ Untitled. The electric smelting furnace also includes a vessel change car. This contains a receptacle for the Schmelzge ^¬ vessel and is movable between a parking position and a transfer position. The electric melting furnace further comprises a transfer device for transferring the melting vessel to the vessel change car. The transfer device is designed to release the melting vessel from the support frame when the vessel change carriage is in the transfer position and to set it down or fasten it in the receptacle of the vessel cart.

In the working position, the melting vessel is thus carried alone by the support frame, which is stationary, for example, installed on a foundation. The vessel change car itself is here at unloaded. The support frame can therefore be made correspondingly robust, without its weight would have to be optimized for a wheels ^¬ or rail ^load out. The above-mentioned disadvantage of a continuous load of rails and wheels is therefore avoided.

The stationary support frame advantageously also comprises a hydraulic tilting device usually necessary for tilting of the melting vessel, in particular for tapping of the ge ^¬ molten steel or to the slag casting. These hydraulics no longer need to be installed on a cart, but can be provided in a simpler manner stationary on the support frame and thus also leads to no rail load. The support frame has for this purpose as a resting on a foundation actually stationary foot and egg ^¬ NEN hydraulically actuated and thus movable carrier. However, this also applies here - in contrast to a car on wheels - installed as stationary. The melting vessel then rests on the mobile support.

As a rule, in the electric melting furnace according to the invention, too, the melting vessel in the working position interacts with a stationarily installed furnace shaft arranged above it. An example gas-tight engagement between a stationary furnace shaft and the melting vessel can be done by lowering the melting ^¬ vessel together with the supporting frame or carrier. In other words, the support frame then also has a lifting mechanism. Again, the above advantages of Ortsfestig ^¬ speed of the support frame apply. As a rule, therefore, a combinatorial ^¬ ned lifting / tilting mechanism exists.

The invention is based on the idea of installing the known lifting / tilting mechanism stationary in the furnace environment, ie, for example, under a shaft and to store the melting vessel on a stationary carrier. The transfer device can be installed stationary. The vessel change car is used only for vessel change. During the working cycle, ie during operation of the furnace, the tracks and wheels become the vascular replacement car largely relieved, so that the Ge ^¬ driving that wheels or tracks experience permanent deformation in the working position is substantially reduced. The entire lifting / tilting mechanism including the associated hydraulic system can be installed stationary. The vessel change car itself requires no more hydraulics. A drive of which can be performed purely electrically. Due to the significantly reduced masses, the performance of the travel drives of the vessel can therefore be significantly reduced.

According to the invention, the transfer device is accomplished as follows: In the transfer position, the vessel change carriage is located below the melting vessel located in the working position. The support frame or its support can be lowered relative to the vessel change car or the foot located in the transfer position. The lowering of the melting vessel from the working position is carried out such that during the lowering of the melting vessel of the first and takes on the receptacle, that is seated on the vessel carriage and the overall weight of the support function for the melting vessel above ^¬. Subsequently, the support frame is lowered further, so that the melting vessel stands out from the support frame and is detached from the ^¬ sem. The support frame needs to have in the sense of the transfer device only a vertically acting lifting device. Ideally, however, is a combined lifting / tilting device in the support frame, as it also allows the above-mentioned tilting of the melting vessel in the Ar ^¬ beitsposition.

In a preferred form of the vascular guide car is a rail vehicle, that has wheels which are movable on a stationary ^¬ fixed track. In a further preferred guide of the invention form the track for the vessel change carriage of the transfer position extends from at least two different Richtun ^¬ gen. In other words, the vessel changing car is in two different directions out of the oven area. Because of the stationary construction, it is in particular possible to design the support frame in the manner of a bridge under which the vessel carriage can be moved. This opens up a great deal of flexibility for the construction of the entire melting plant or a corresponding use of space. Due to the extended driving possibilities of the vascular car, the hall crane is relieved, which leads to further logistical advantages. In particular, in connection with the above-mentioned rail vehicle, the rails for the vessel changing car can be laid continuously under the support frame through to realize the travel paths on both sides of the furnace environment.

In a further preferred embodiment, the vessel change car has a receptacle for a ladle. So he ^¬ is a dual function of the vessel cart, as this egg ^¬ nerseits can be used with attached jaw pan for tapping and on the other hand to the melting vessel transport. In the system, only a single car in the form of Gefäßwechselwa ^¬ gene and thus, for example, only a single rail track is necessary. The shots for the ladle and the melting vessel can either be interchangeable mounted on a skeleton of the vessel trolley, but also both be permanently available in parallel, without hindering each other.

In this embodiment, the idea of the invention can be summarized in such a way: The known so-called ladle car is transformed into a multi-function car - here called a vessel change car. The complete lifting and tilting mechanism for the operation of the furnace is installed stationary under the furnace. In principle, such a multi-function car must have a wider track than a known pan car for this purpose, but at the same time still fit between the stationary tilt mechanism, so the support frame. The multi-function car must then also be designed so that the existing in the support frame mechanism for settling the vessel can be used on the ladle. The multifunction on-cart is so compared to known solutions only something massive perform. The required infrastructure and travel stroke of multifunction car can reduced to a minimum ^¬ to, as this only come - must be removed from the furnace area that a removal of the melting vessel or the ladle is possible - to the park position. The above ge ^¬ called long distance for the known vascular cars and ladle cars, is thus avoided.

Other applications for the vessel changing car are conceivable in alternative embodiments, e.g. an additional intake for a slag vessel.

In a further preferred disclosed embodiment of the invention, a vascular module is provided which contains the melting vessel and a rigidly connected thereto frame part. The Tragrah ^¬ men itself can then be made simpler, since in the working position, so with attached vascular module, the frame part provides a portion of the stability of the entire construction. The frame member includes, for example, a walk-on work surface surrounding the melt vessel, and which must be gewar ^¬ tet also and thus is ent ^¬ fernbar and maintainable with the melting vessel. In this case, the entire module is always manipulated, ie this is either placed on the support frame or the vessel trolley or moved with the latter.

In a further preferred embodiment, the vascular cart further comprises an attachable mounting aid for the supporting frame or its components. Since under the stove usually a pit is that if necessary is used for on ^¬ acquisition of molten steel, this field is poor below the furnace by conventional maintenance driving ^¬ tools accessible. The expansion of a now stationary installed hydraulic component could therefore make difficult. A corresponding assembly aid is therefore for example a Haltevor ^¬ direction for hydraulic cylinders of the support frame. The mounting aid can also be located in the oven environment Melting vessel or vessel module serve, for example for the closure ^¬ mechanics of the tap hole. Again, this results in a multiple function of the vessel change car. In the known electric furnaces, lifting / Kipphy- is hydraulics generally redundant design to ensure entspre ^¬-reaching process reliability. According to a prior ^¬ ferred disclosed embodiment of the invention, a force acting on the melting vessel and / or the supporting frame is at the emergency cart vessel lifting device attachable. This measure makes it possible to simply execute the lifting and tipping hydraulics of the support frame and, in the event of an emergency, to approach the vessel wagon with mounted emergency lifting device and raise or erect the crucible or the vessel module through it. The Nothubvorrichtung can eg also act on the vascular module or the support of the support frame. No redundant tilting mechanism more is therefore required to OWNER ^¬ union furnace to maintain process safety. In particular, the Nothubvorrichtung can be combined, for example, with a removal aid for a possibly defective tilt cylinder on the vessel cart.

A corresponding emergency lifting device can, for example, operate purely electrically, so that no hydraulic components need to be mounted on the vessel truck for this purpose either. For a hydraulic working, and only in rare emergencies to be used Nothubvorrichtung can also be a mobile hydraulic generator, which is not part of the vessel, are ^¬ approaches to operate the Nothubvorrichtung in case of emergency.

The concepts of Nothubvorrichtung and also the mounting aid, each alone considered, could be, for example. also transferred to known Pfannenwägen in conventional electric melting furnaces. Even there, the redundancy could exist

Hydraulic systems are abandoned, for example, on the known vascular car. Installation work on a known vascular cart or other components of the oven could also by mounting aids be relieved at the pan car. In this sense, these embodiments are each independent of the above-mentioned remaining embodiment of the electric melting furnace. The basic idea is then in a known electric melting the redundant tilting and / or lifting mechanism no longer redundant, and appropriate Nothubkomponenten and / or Monta mates mounted on a mobile device, in particular the pans dare. For a further description of the invention reference is made to the embodiments of the drawings. They show, in each case in a schematic outline sketch:

1 shows an electric melting furnace with melting vessel in working position and vessel changing car in parking position,

Fig. 2 shows a part of the electric melting furnace of FIG. 1 with

Vascular change carriage with alternative recording, Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of Fig. 2 transported on the vessel change ^¬ carriage in the park position the melting vessel, a part of the melting furnace of FIG. 1 engraving position as a ladle car in Starting at USAGE ^¬ dung of the vessel change carriage,

Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of Fig. 2 with alternative vessel changing car with Nothubvorrichtung and removal aid for a hydraulic cylinder.

1 shows a perspective view of an electric melting furnace 2, which essentially has a melting vessel 4, a cover 6 which closes this at its upper side, and a shaft 8 serving for preheating non-illustrated melted material. The melting vessel 4 is rigidly connected to ei ^¬ nem frame part 10 and forms together with this a vessel module 12. The frame member 10 is provided with Feuerfestmateri- al covered or disguised. The vessel module 12 and thus the melting vessel 4 rests on a support frame 14 which is fixedly mounted on an unrepresented hall floor of a steel plant.

1 shows the melting vessel 4 in a working position A in which it is integrated in the electric melting furnace 2 such that it can be operated for melting steel scrap. The support frame 14 together with the vessel module 12 forms a cross-sectionally bridge-like U-shape, under which Schie ^¬ nen 16 are laid. On the rails 16, a vessel change car 18 is placed so that it can be moved in or against the direction of the arrow 20. 1 shows the vessel change carriage 18 in a parking position P. The vessel change carriage 18 can be moved from the parking position P along the arrow 20 into a transfer position Ü shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1, in which it is substantially completely below the melting vessel 4 , The rails 16 bil ^¬ a guideway 17 which extends away from the electric melting furnace 2 in two different directions 19 a, b, namely in and against the direction of the arrow 20 away. The Gefäßwechselwa ^¬ gen 18 can therefore, starting from the transfer position Ü, in both directions 19 a, b are moved. The vessel changing carriage 18 has a receptacle 22 in the form of four supports 24, on which the melting vessel 4 or the entire vessel module 12 can be placed. The electric melting furnace 2 includes a transfer device 26 in the form of a lifting mechanism 28 formed by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 30. The support frame 14 is divided into an upper bracket 34 and a foot 36. The upper bracket 34 is in relation to the fixed foot 36 by means of the lifting mechanism 28 kept movable.

Strictly speaking, the vessel module 12 rests only on the carrier 34 of the support frame 14.

Fig. 2 shows the arrow II in addition to Fig. 1 in a side view ent ^¬ long the electric furnace 2 of Fig. 1, but here only the receptacle module 12 and the support frame 14 with foot 36 and support 34 and the hydraulic cylinders 30. The vessel changing carriage 18 is shown in Fig. 2 in an alternative embodiment with additional supports 38 which form an alternative receptacle 22 for the melting vessel 4 and the vessel module 12, respectively.

If the vessel changing carriage 18 is in the transfer position Ü, the melting vessel 4 or the entire overall module 12 can be lowered in the direction of the arrow 32 in relation to the remaining components of the electric melting furnace 2 and the vessel changing carriage 18 by the transfer device 26. The melting vessel 4 then comes to lie on the receptacle 22.

By a further, caused by the transfer device 26 lowering of the support frame 14 in the direction of arrow 32, the latter dissolves from the vessel module 12 and the melting vessel 4 and this is released from the support frame 14. It is then only on the vessel change car 18. Various supports 40, which belong to the support frame 14 and can support the support 34 in different positions, are completely swung out along the arrows 42 in order to allow the support 34 to be lowered completely in the direction of the arrow 32.

After the vessel module 12 has been released from the support frame 14 or from the carrier 34 or has been loosened, this can be moved back into the parking position P against the direction of the arrow 20 together with the vessel carriage 18. Fig. 3 shows in a representation according to Fig. 2 this situation, together with the direction of the arrow 32 is completely lowered abge ^¬ support frame 14 and support 34 and the fully pivoted off Auflegern 40th

FIG. 4 essentially shows the components of FIGS. 2, 3 in a representation according to FIG. 1. It can be seen here that the melting vessel 4 consists of a lower vessel 44 lined with refractory material and one of panel walls

Upper vessel 46 is constructed. Fig. 4 also shows an age ^¬ native From guide shape of the vessel change carriage 18, additionally comprising a receptacle 48 for a ladle 50th Of the Container car 18 is also located here in a lying between the parking position P and the transfer position Ü tapping position S. Thus, the ladle 50 is located below a tapping opening of the

Melting vessel 4. Here, the lifting mechanism 28 at the same time has a tilting functionality by the hydraulic cylinder 30 can be actuated in different ways. The tapping is then carried out by tilting the carrier 34 together with the vessel module 12 about the tilting axis 53 in the direction of the arrow 54. In this way, in particular the melting vessel 4 is tilted so that steel melt, not shown, flows through the tapping opening into the ladle 50. For this purpose, also be respectively Lan ^¬ Geren, the vessel carriage 18 facing trailer 40 in the direction of arrows swung 42nd The two shorter ones of the respective carriers 40 remain in the position shown in FIG. In the tilted position, the carrier 34 or the vessel module 12 is then supported on it. Another tilting is prevented by ^¬ and a defined inclination of the

Melting vessel 4 reached.

Fig. 5 shows a further alternative disclosed embodiment of the Ge ^¬ fäßwagens 18. This is equipped with a Nothubvorrichtung 56th For example, in case of failure of the hydraulic cylinder 30 in the aforementioned tilting succeeds by starting the vessel car 18 to the electric melting furnace 2, the Nothubvorrichtung 56 below the support 34, support frame 14 or melting vessel 4 to place. The support frame 14 together with the vessel module 12 is then lifted back into the initial position shown with the aid of the emergency lifting device 56. So it is possible that shown in the entire figures

From imple mentation of the lifting mechanism 28 to realize: It is only one hydraulic cylinder 30 at a position of the support frame 14 is provided in each case. This is in contrast to be ^¬ known lifting devices, in which the hydraulic cylinders 30 would have to be designed in pairs redundant to afford the process reliability of the electric melting furnace 2 ^¬ afford. Due to the availability of Nothubvorrichtung 56 The redundant hydraulic cylinders 30 can be saved.

Fig. 5 shows a further alternative disclosed embodiment of the overall fäßwagens 18, wherein it holds a mounting aid 58 ent ^¬. In the example, the mounting aid 58 is a removal aid for the hydraulic cylinder 30. By starting the vessel car 18 and the mounting aid 58 to a hydraulic cylinder 30, this can be maintained. The hydraulic cylinder can then be released from the remaining construction of the support frame 14 and carried away by the vessel trolley 18 as shown in FIG.

Claims

claims

1. electric melting furnace (2), with a stationary installed support frame (14) and in a working position (A) on this resting melting vessel (4), with between a

Parking position (P) and a transfer position (Ü) movable, a receptacle (22) for the melting vessel (4) having Ge ^¬ fäßwechselwagen (18), and with a melting vessel (4) in the transfer position (Ü) of the support frame (14) releasing and settling in the receptacle (22) of the vessel trolley (18)

Transfer device (26), wherein as a transfer device (26) of the support frame (14) relative to the in the transfer position (Ü) located vessel change carriage (18) from the working position (A) is lowered such that during lowering the melting vessel (4) first seated on the receptacle (22) and then detached from the support frame (14) is detached from this.

2. Electric melting furnace (2) according to claim 1, wherein the vessel change carriage (18) is a rail vehicle.

3. Electric melting furnace (2) according to one of the preceding claims, with a from the transfer position (Ü) in at least two different directions (19 d, b) extending the guideway (17) for the vessel changing car (18).

4. Electric melting furnace (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the vessel change carriage (18) has a receptacle (48) for a ladle (50).

5. Electric melting furnace (2) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a vessel module (12) containing the melting vessel (4) and a rigidly connected thereto frame part (10).

6. electric melting furnace (2) according to one of the preceding claims, with a on the vessel changing carriage (18) attachable Assembly aid (58) for the support frame (14) and / or the

Melting vessel (4).

7. Electric melting furnace (2) according to one of the preceding claims, with an on the vessel changing carriage (18) attachable, on the melting vessel (4) and / or the support frame (14) acting Nothubvorrichtung (56).