WO2012146359A2

WO2012146359A2 - Riveted connection

Info

Publication number: WO2012146359A2
Application number: PCT/EP2012/001693
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Kahl; Steffen Treuter; Bernd STRBEL; Ralf TRÖSTER
Original assignee: Brose Fahrzeugteille Gmbh & Co. Kg, Hallstadt
Priority date: 2011-04-26
Filing date: 2012-04-19
Publication date: 2012-11-01
Also published as: DE202011100076U1; DE112012000353B4; DE112012000353A5; WO2012146359A3

Abstract

Riveted connection between a sheet metal part (1) having a through-hole (10) and a rivet (2) which comprises a factory head (21) resting against one side of the sheet metal part (1) and a contiguous shaft (22) which extends through the hole (10), one section of the shaft (22) projecting over the other side of the sheet metal part (1) and being deformed to a buck tail (23) by plastic cold-working, resulting in the sheet metal part (1) being arranged in a form-fit between the factory head (21) and the buck tail (23) of the rivet (2). In order for the riveted connection to withstand high static forces and high dynamic loads reliably and permanently and to be producible with comparatively large tolerances of thickness of the sheet metal part (1), the dimensions of the rivet (2) and the shaping of the buck tail (23), the thickness of the sheet metal part (1) in the region of the buck tail-side edge (12) of the hole (10) is multiplied by two by folding over the buck tail-side edge (12).

Description

rivet

description

The invention relates to a riveted joint according to the preamble of claim 1.

From DE 10 2009 037 817 A1, a riveted joint between perforated components by means of a rivet, which has a setting head and an adjoining shaft known. For this purpose, the shank of the rivet is inserted into the adjacent holes of the components, so that the setting head rests on the outside of one of the components and a part of the shaft is arranged in the perforations of the components, while a remaining part projects beyond the outside of another component , By forming or cold plastic deformation of the projecting shaft portion by means of a set on the setting head and a counter-acting on the protruding shaft portion punch a closing head is generated, whereby the components are positively arranged between the setting head and the closing head.

Such a rivet connection for connecting a plurality of perforated components by means of a rivet is also used as a connection between a comparatively thin sheet metal component and a substantially perpendicular projecting from the surface of the sheet metal component bolt-shaped rivet for receiving or connecting a functional element.

CONFIRMATION COPY Such a functional element may for example consist of the deflection roller of a cable window lifter or a bearing or fastening element for connecting a drive for an adjusting device of a motor vehicle. Since the rivet connection between a thin sheet metal component made of steel, aluminum or the like and a bolt rivet for the storage or attachment of Seilumlenkelementen or drives is exposed to changing dynamic loads, it comes both axial loads and especially in transverse loads of the bolt rivet to initiate bending moments in the thin sheet metal component. Such alternating loads can stress the rivet connection, ie the interface between the thin sheet metal component and the pin rivet, in such a way that the closing head of the pin rivet breaks and / or cracking occurs at the edge of the opening of the thin sheet metal component. The mechanical stresses in the thin sheet-metal component and / or pin rivet caused by the dynamic loads or alternating loads can lead to fatigue fractures and thus to loosening of the rivet connection and consequently failure of the device containing the bearing or fastening element such as a cable window lifter or a drive for an adjusting device Motor vehicle lead.

The risk of the occurrence of cracks at the edge of the opening of the thin sheet metal component and fatigue fractures in the closing head of the rivet also results from the fact that the rivet in the region between the sheet metal component and the closing head has relatively much play, whereby under alternating loads, the connection between the pin rivet and the Sheet metal component is subjected to strong movements. As a result, the rivet connection can loosen and absorb less torque, so that it ultimately comes to cracking at the edge of the opening of the sheet metal component and elastic deformation in the region of the closing head, which often lead to fatigue fractures in the closing head of the rivet.

The principle of the known rivet connections between a comparatively thin sheet metal component and a bolt rivet substantially perpendicular thereto for receiving or connecting a functional element will be explained in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. Fig. 7 shows a plan view of a detail on a thin sheet metal component 6 with a perforation or opening 60 for receiving the shank of a bolt rivet and Figs. 8 to 10 in schematic longitudinal sections different embodiments of the closing head of the bolt rivet.

In Fig. 7, the opening 60 of the sheet metal component 6 is shown in solid line and the outer edge of the closing head in a dashed line. The annular region between the solid line and the dashed line indicates a closing head region 61, which is followed by a narrow elastically acting region 62 of the rivet connection, which is delimited by the dot-dash line. The sharp-edged, closing-head-side edge of the opening 60 tends under severe dynamic loads to cracking and the risk of fatigue failure and consequently to release the rivet, which due to the very low elasticity of the sheet metal component in the opening 60 due to the only narrow elastic region 62 is reinforced.

8 shows a longitudinal section through a riveted joint between a thin sheet-metal component 6 and a pin rivet 7, whose setting head 71 rests flat against the closing head-side edge of the opening 60 of the sheet-metal component 6, while the shaft 72 of the bolt rivet 7 projects through the opening 60. By applying a counter-holder to the setting head 71 and acting on the stem 72 in the direction of the arrow A, a rivet head 73 producing the rivet connection is formed so that the sheet-metal component 6 is clamped between the setting head 71 and the closing head 73. When forming the closing head 73, the edge of the closing head 73 engages the closing head side edge of the opening 60 of the sheet metal component 6, wherein generally still a cavity between the located in the opening 60 shaft 72 and the edge of the opening 60 remains.

If this rivet connection is exposed to dynamic loads, which are symbolized by the double arrow B shown in FIG. 8, they lead to fatigue failure at the closing head 73, in particular in the edge region 74 of the closing head 73 abutting the closing head edge of the opening 60 of the sheet metal component 6, shown in dashed lines ,

The riveting shown in a longitudinal section in Fig. 9 shows schematically a wrinkling 75 in the closing head 73 with a corresponding design of the shank 72 of the bolt rivet 7 and the punch for producing the rivet, whereby due to also fatigue breakage in the closing head 73 is additionally favored symbolically by the registered double arrow B shown alternating loads of the bolt rivet 7, so that there is a premature failure of the rivet connection in comparison to the rivet shown schematically in Fig. 8.

10 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a rivet connection, in which the closing head 73 is designed such that it comes to a symbolized by the double arrow C articulated elastic connection 76 between the pin rivet 7 and the sheet metal component 6. This articulated elastic connection 76 between the pin rivet 7 and the thin sheet-metal component 6 increases the elastically acting region 62 shown in FIG. 7 between the dashed line and the dot-dash line, as a result of which the service life of the rivet connection illustrated in FIG 8 and 9 rivet connections shown schematically is increased until it due to a higher number of dynamic loads, which are also symbolized by the entered double arrow B, to fatigue fracture of the closing head 73 or to cracks on the closing head side edge of the opening 60 of the sheet metal component 6 and thus to solve the rivet connection resulting in failure of the Lagerbzw. Fastening element containing device comes. The present invention is based on the object to provide a rivet of the type mentioned, the large static forces and strong dynamic loads reliably and permanently withstand and their production allows comparatively large tolerances in the thickness of the sheet metal component, the dimensions of the rivet and shaping of the closing head.

This task is inventively achieved with the features of claim 1.

The solution according to the invention results in a riveted joint between a thin sheet-metal component made of steel, aluminum and the like with a rivet serving to receive or connect a functional element, which reliably and permanently withstands large static forces and strong dynamic loads and whose production involves comparatively large thickness tolerances the sheet metal component, the dimensions of the rivet and shaping of the closing head permits. In this case, by using a thin sheet metal component, a low weight of the total device containing the functional element is achieved. As a result of the doubling of the region of the closing head-side edge of the opening in the sheet metal component, the possibilities for transmitting high torques are improved with low susceptibility to tolerate the production of the riveted joint. The doubling may correspond to twice the thickness of the sheet metal component or the thickness of the sheet metal component plus the thickness of a previously generated draft.

Due to the duplication according to the invention of the closing head-side edge of the opening by moving the closing head-side edge, the area of the sheet metal component which is directly usable for the rivet connection becomes considerably stiffer, so that the damaging elastic deformations in the area of the closing head are largely avoided. Elastic compensatory movements shift in the radially adjacent region of the sheet metal component, where there is no risk of cracking in the sheet metal component.

The inventive design also guarantees a much better filling of the closing head with better and larger contact surfaces between the closing head and the closing head side surface of the sheet metal component. As a result, the transmission of higher torques is ensured, which may be important in the use of bolts.

This results in a significant increase in the number of cycles under dynamic loads until it comes to fatigue breakage of the closing head and thus to the failure of the riveted joint. Furthermore, the rigidity is increased in the region of the connection between the closing head and the sheet metal component. The closing head thus produces a highly rigid assembly with the sheet-metal component, whereby relative movements between the closing head and the sheet-metal component are excluded and this interface no longer has any spring or damping properties because the region of the support of the functional element compensates the change introduced by the forces to be transmitted. bending completely dampens. A fatigue break in the closing head area is therefore largely excluded.

Preferably, the doubling of the thickness of the sheet metal component takes place in the region of the closing head side edge of the opening by folding over the closing head side edge during plastic cold forming of the shank to form the closing head. This results in an increase in strength axially and radially to the rivet and the possibility of using a very thin-walled sheet metal component even at high loads or alternating bending loads. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the diameter of the opening of the sheet metal component to the outer diameter of the doubling is 0.65 to 0.75 and the width of the doubling is 1, 5 times to 3 times, especially 1, 7 times to 2 , 3 times, the thickness of the sheet metal component, while the folded closing head side edge with the surface of the sheet metal component includes a maximum angle of 45 °.

In order to ensure a better and larger contact surface between the closing head and the rivet connection by doubling directly usable, rigid region of the sheet metal component and thus better filling of the closing head, the outer diameter of the doubling is substantially adapted to the diameter of the contact surface of the closing head on the sheet metal component, deviations of ± 10% lie in the area of optimization.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the doubling is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the plastically deformed region of the closing head. By this dimensioning of the doubling and the closing head a transferability of higher torques is ensured, which is particularly important in a design of the rivet as a bolt for the storage of functional elements of importance.

Thus, the doubling of the thickness of the sheet metal component in the region of the closing head side edge of the opening by folding the closing head side edge during riveting, especially during Radialnieten the projecting shaft portion for forming the closing head, the closing head side edge is preferably formed on the collar of a passage of the sheet metal component whose inner diameter the opening in the sheet metal component corresponds.

Alternatively, the thickness of the sheet metal component in the region of the closing head side edge of the opening can be doubled by caulking the closing head side edge and the projecting shaft portion for producing the closing head. Even without the formation of a passage, there is the possibility of doubling the thickness of the sheet-metal component in the region of the closing head-side edge of the opening by a roquettenförmigem folding the opening edge or the pull-through collar. The rivet connection according to the invention can be advantageously used to connect a thin sheet metal component made of sheet steel with a thickness less than or equal to 1, 2 mm or of an aluminum sheet with a thickness less than or equal to 1, 5 mm with a designed as a bearing pin rivet for attachment or storage of a functional element, in particular in a motor vehicle, wherein the diameter of the opening in the sheet metal part 7 mm to 1 1 mm and the outer diameter of the doubling is 10 mm to 15 mm.

In particular, the rivet connection according to the invention is suitable for connecting a guide rail as sheet metal component with a Seilumlenkelement, in particular a Seilumlenkrolle, a cable window lifter in a motor vehicle by means of a designed as a bearing pin rivet, which is designed as a stepped bolt or threaded bolt with male and female threads.

Reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 of the drawing, the essential features and advantages of the solution according to the invention compared to the rivet connections shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 between a thin sheet metal component and a rivet pin according to the prior art will be explained. Show it:

Fig. 1a to 1c stages of making a riveted joint between a thin

Sheet metal component and a rivet bolt with a reinforcement by doubling the closing head side edge of the sheet metal component;

2 is a plan view of the closing head side edge of the sheet metal component with a schematic representation of the reinforced and elastically acting region of the closing head side edge of the sheet metal component.

3 shows a cross section through a passage to form a hole reveal by material doubling. Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the folded closing head side edge of a

Sheet metal component for material doubling; 5 shows a longitudinal section through a guide rail of a cable window lifter and a rope deflection roller connected to the guide rail by means of the rivet connection according to the invention;

6 is an enlarged perspective view of the closing head of a stepped bolt of the rivet connection of FIG. 5 and

7 to 10 representations of rivet connections between a sheet metal component and a rivet pin according to the prior art.

In FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, a plurality of phases of a riveted connection between a thin sheet metal component 1 made of steel, aluminum or the like and a rivet or rivet bolt designed as a stepped bolt 2 with a reinforcement of the sheet metal component 1 and improved filling of the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt 2 to create a better and larger system and contact surface between the stepped bolt 2 and the sheet metal part 1 shown.

After the production of a passage 1 1 in a pre-perforation of the sheet metal component 1, which can alternatively be prepared by pressing the stepped bolt 2 in the pre-perforation of the sheet metal component 1, the shaft 22 of the stepped bolt 2 is inserted into the passage 1 1 until the setting head 21 of Stepped bolt 2 is flush with the set head side surface of the sheet metal part 1 and a part of the shaft 22 on the closing head side edge 12 of the passage 1 1 protrudes.

By applying a counter-holder to the setting head 21 and sequential folding of the shaft 22 and the passage 1 1 by means of Radialniettechnik the illustrated in Fig. 1b phase of the rivet connection is achieved in which the closing head side edge 12 of the sheet metal component 2 folded over to a certain extent and the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt 2 is preformed.

A suitable device for radial riveting is known for example from DD 290 155 A5, in which a rotary drive is connected eccentrically and articulated with a tool holder for Nietdöpper, which is supported via a spherical surface on a centrally located spherical surface guide. The drive leads by means of a Hypocycloid gear a rosette-shaped, periodically repeating path, with which the closing head of the rivet is radially formed.

By further radial riveting, the illustrated in Fig. 1c phase of the rivet connection is achieved in which the closing head side edge 12 of the sheet metal component 1 folded and a reinforcement of the hole reveal by material doubling the closing head side edge 12 of the sheet metal part 1 in forming the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt 2 with an am closing edge side edge 12 of the sheet metal component 1 adjacent edge region 24 of the closing head 23 is reached. In this case, the not completely closed transfer area of the closing head side edge 12 of the sheet metal component 1 has advantages in terms of rigidity and due to the less strong degree of deformation optimum positioning of the closing head 23 is achieved at the doubled closing edge side edge 12 of the sheet metal part 1. Due to the complete filling of material between the edge region 24 of the stepped bolt 2, which faces the sheet metal component 1, no or only slight material-free areas occur, so that no or only minimal relative movements between the stepped bolt 2 and the sheet metal component 1 occur with alternating stresses of the connection. Thus, the edge reinforcement leads by doubling the closing head side edge 12 of the sheet metal component 1 that not only a stiffer and better rivet connection is made, but also less elastic movements and thus a lower load of the rivet connection between the stepped bolt 2 and the sheet metal component 1 occur. The preparation of the rivet connection with reinforcement by a doubling of the closing head side edge 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 a to 1c is preferably carried out in a single operation, with far-reaching tolerances always consistent quality of the rivet connection is ensured. 1 shows the stiffened reinforcing and closing head region D between the edge of the perforation in the sheet metal component 1 and the outer edge of the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt 2 and the adjoining elastically acting region E in a schematic plan view of the rivet connection according to FIG. in comparison to the elastically acting region 63 shown in the schematic representation according to FIG. 7, is considerably larger in a riveted connection according to the prior art, and Therefore, a much lower tendency to cracking in the sheet metal component 1 with consequent relaxation or destruction of the riveted joint has.

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a passage 1 1 of the thin sheet metal component 1 and Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the perforation in the sheet metal component 1 after folding the closing head side edge 12 for reinforcing the riveted joint by Randdoppelung.

The thickness a of the sheet metal component is for example 1 mm and the thickness d of the collar wall of the pull-through 0.7 mm. The outer diameter Ka of the collar of the passage 11 corresponds to the diameter of the drawing bushing for producing the passage 11, while the inner diameter Ki of the collar corresponds to the diameter of the drawing punch for producing the passage 1 1. In this embodiment of the passage 11, the collar has a height Kh of 2 mm, which is measured from the upper edge of the sheet metal component 1.

This state is either before the onset of the stepped bolt 2 or rivet bolt by folding the pull-through collar according to FIG. 3 or as shown in FIGS. 1a to 1 c achieved in connection with the production of the riveted joint.

The diameter Di of the opening corresponds to the inner diameter Ki of the collar according to FIG. 3, while the outer diameter D2 of the folded closing head side edge 12 is equal to the inner diameter Di plus the reinforcing and closing head or shoulder region D, which in a preferred embodiment is shown in FIGS -fold to 3 times the thickness a of the sheet metal component 1 is, so that with a thickness of the sheet metal component of a = 1 mm, the overlay region D is in the range between 1, 5 mm and 3 mm. The angle between the closing head side surface of the sheet metal component 1 with the thickness a and the folded closing head side edge 12 is less than or equal to 45 °.

The rounded edges formed by folding over the closing head-side edge 12 reduce the risk of crack formation in the perforated region of the sheet-metal component 1, while the comparatively stiff overlay region D achieves a considerable reinforcement of the hole reveal through the material doubling. In addition to reinforcing the hole reveal by material doubling of the closing head side edge 12 both wrinkling in the closing head 23 of the rivet or stepped bolt 2 and a better filling of the closing head 23 is achieved, resulting in a significant reduction of the game between the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt 2 and the Sheet metal component 1 and thus a lower alternating load and reducing the risk of a chipped fracture of the closing head 23 results.

A comparatively stiff overlay region D is adjoined by a large, effective elastic region E whose width depends on the material thickness a of the sheet metal component 1 and the rigidity of the overlay region D.

Based on a longitudinal section shown in Fig. 5 by a guide rail 1 'of a cable window lifter and connected to the guide rail 1' by means of a stepped bolt 2 Seilumlenkrolle 3 an application of the rivet connection according to the invention will be described.

The rope deflection roller 3, which deflects a window lifter cable 4, is fastened on a bearing pin designed as a stepped bolt 2, the setting head 21 of which rests against the one side of the guide rail 1 '. The shank 22 of the stepped bolt 2 is inserted through an opening of the guide rail 1 'and protrudes before the riveting over the edge of a collar of an opening forming the passage of the guide rail 1' and closes with the edge of the collar. By radial riveting a closing head 23 is formed and at the same time the collar of the passage, so that the closing head side edge 12 'is double and is arranged without gaps between the bottom of the closing head 23 and the guide rail 1'.

6 shows in a schematic perspective illustration the rear view of the illustration according to FIG. 5 from the viewing direction indicated by the arrow VI according to FIG. 5 with the embossed guide rail 1 'and the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt after completion of the rivet connection, FIG 6, the transfer region of the closing head side edge 12 is located between the outer surface of the closing head 23 of the stepped bolt and the surface of the guide rail V, so that a firm positive and non-positive connection between the closing head 23 and the guide rail 1 'over the Edge doubling is achieved, which prevents any play of riveting tion and optimal installation of the closing head 23 at the edge doubling and thus on the guide rail 1 'ensures.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 sheet metal component

1 'guide rail

2 rivets (stepped bolts)

3 rope pulley

4 window lift rope

6 sheet metal component

7 bolt rivet

10 opening (pre-punching)

11 passage

12 closing head side edge

21 setting head

22 shaft

23 closing head

24 border area

60 opening

61 closing head area

62 elastically acting area

71 Setting head

72 shaft

73 closing head

74 border area

75 wrinkling

76 articulated elastic connection

A stamp movement

B Dynamic load

C Movement of the articulated elastic connection

D Reinforcement and closing head area (transfer area)

E elastically acting area

Ka outer diameter of the collar

Ki inner diameter of the collar

Kh collar height

Di inside diameter

D ₂ outer diameter

Claims

protection claims

1. rivet connection between a sheet metal component having a through hole and a rivet, which has a voltage applied to one side of the sheet metal component setting head and an adjoining shaft which is inserted through the opening and projects with a shaft portion on the other side of the sheet metal component, the is formed by plastic cold forming to a closing head, whereby the sheet metal part is positively arranged between the setting head and the closing head of the rivet, characterized in that the region of the closing head side edge (12) of the opening (10) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') Conversion of the closing head side edge (12) is doubled.

2. Rivet connection according to claim 1, characterized by a doubling of the area of the closing head side edge (12) of the opening (10) by folding the closing head side edge (12) during plastic cold working of the shaft (22) to form the closing head (23).

3. rivet connection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the diameter of the opening (10) of the sheet metal component (1, V) to the outer diameter (D ₂ ) of the doubling is 0.65 to 0.75.

4. rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folded closing head side edge (12) with the surface of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') encloses an angle of at most 45 °.

5. Rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer diameter (D2) of the doubling substantially corresponds to the diameter of the contact surface of the closing head (23) on the sheet metal component (1, 1 ').

6. rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer diameter (D2) of the doubling is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the plastically deformed region of the closing head (23).

7. Rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width (D) of the doubling is 1, 5 times to 3 times the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ').

8. rivet connection according to claim 7, characterized in that the width (D) of the doubling is 1, 7 times to 2.3 times the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ').

9. riveted joint according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing head side edge (12) on the collar of a passage (1 1) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') is formed.

10. rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the doubling of the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, V) in the region of the closing head side edge (12) of the opening of a rosette-shaped folding of the closing head side edge (12) or Collar of the draft (11) exists.

11. Rivet connection according to claim 9, characterized in that the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') in the region of the closing head side edge (12) of the opening (10) is doubled in the radial riveting of the projecting shaft portion for the production of the closing head (23).

12. rivet connection according to claim 9, characterized in that the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') in the region of the closing head side edge (12) of the opening (10) by caulking the closing head side edge (12) and the projecting shaft portion to Production of the closing head (23) is doubled.

13. Rivet connection according to at least one of the preceding claims with a rivet formed as a bearing pin for a Seilumlenkelement a cable window lifter in a motor vehicle, characterized in that the thickness (a) of the sheet metal consisting of a sheet metal component (1, 1 ') is less than or equal to 1, 2 mm, the thickness (a) of the sheet metal component (1, 1 ') consisting of an aluminum sheet is less than or equal to 1.5 mm, the diameter of the opening (10) in the sheet metal component is 7 mm to 11 mm and the outside diameter of the doubling 10 mm to 15 mm.

14. Rivet connection according to claim 13, characterized in that the bearing pin is designed as a stepped bolt or threaded bolt with male and female threads

15. Rivet connection according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the sheet metal component consists of the guide rail (1 ') of the cable window lifter.