WO2012142795A1 - 利用超级电容器辅助内燃机车电启动柴油机的方法 - Google Patents

利用超级电容器辅助内燃机车电启动柴油机的方法 Download PDF

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WO2012142795A1
WO2012142795A1 PCT/CN2011/076911 CN2011076911W WO2012142795A1 WO 2012142795 A1 WO2012142795 A1 WO 2012142795A1 CN 2011076911 W CN2011076911 W CN 2011076911W WO 2012142795 A1 WO2012142795 A1 WO 2012142795A1
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motor
diesel engine
oil pump
super capacitor
battery
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PCT/CN2011/076911
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English (en)
French (fr)
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吴宏军
芮孟寨
黄敬云
柴永泉
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南车戚墅堰机车有限公司
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Publication of WO2012142795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012142795A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
    • F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/02—Conditioning lubricant for aiding engine starting, e.g. heating

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of diesel engine starting, in particular to a method for super-capacitor auxiliary diesel locomotive to perform diesel electromechanical starting.
  • the present invention provides a method for supercapacitor assisted diesel locomotive to perform diesel electromechanical starting.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: a method for super-capacitor assisted diesel locomotive to perform diesel electromechanical starting, comprising the following steps: turning on the battery ⁇ simultaneously starting the oil pump motor and the super capacitor ⁇ turning off the super capacitor and sliding successively Oil pump motor ⁇ starter motor energization ⁇ diesel engine rotation ⁇ start motor power off ⁇ diesel engine start is completed.
  • the step of turning on the battery is achieved by closing the knife switch.
  • Simultaneously starting the oil pump motor and supercapacitor steps includes: closing the oil pump contactor to make the oil pump motor work, and the locomotive automatic control system controls the charging contactor to close, charging the super capacitor, and the charging circuit of the super capacitor is charged by the battery
  • the positive electrode, the super capacitor, the charging contactor, the charging resistor, the knife switch and the negative electrode of the battery are connected in series.
  • the steps of shutting down the supercapacitor and the oil pump motor include: under the control of the automatic control system of the locomotive, first disconnect the charging contactor, stop the charging of the supercapacitor, and then disconnect the contactor of the oil pump to stop the operation of the oil pump motor.
  • the step of energizing the starter motor includes: closing the starter motor contactor, and the diode and the battery work together on the power input end of the starter motor, and the starter motor operates as a DC series-excited motor.
  • the step of rotating the diesel engine includes: while the starter motor drives the diesel engine to rotate, the diesel engine quickly reaches the ignition speed and enters the normal operation under the action of the super capacitor.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the energy storage function of the super capacitor is used, and the diesel engine is put into operation at the moment of starting, and the DC starting motor is supplied with the battery. Under the joint action of the super capacitor and the battery, the DC starting motor will get more. The electric energy accelerates the starting of the diesel engine and shortens the starting time of the diesel engine. At the same time, due to the auxiliary starting function of the super capacitor, the battery reduces the deep discharge process and can improve the service life of the battery.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a diesel engine start control circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Battery, 2. Knife switch, 3. Start motor contactor, 4. Excitation winding, 5. Starter motor, 6. Oil pump contactor, 7. Oil pump motor, 8. Discharge resistor, 9. Universal switch, 10. Super Capacitor, 11. Charging contactor, 12. Charging resistor, 13. Diode.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a diesel engine starting control circuit of the present invention, including a battery 1, a knife switch 2, a starter motor contactor 3, a field winding 4, a starter motor 5, a lubricating oil contactor 6, a lubricating oil pump 7, and a discharge resistor 8 , universal transfer switch 9, super capacitor 10, charging contactor 11, charging resistor 12, diode 13.
  • a supercapacitor assisting diesel locomotive for performing diesel electromechanical starting includes the following steps: turning on the battery 1 ⁇ starting the oil pump motor 7 and the super capacitor 10 ⁇ turning off the super capacitor 10 and the oil pump motor 7 ⁇ starting the motor 5 ⁇
  • the diesel engine rotates ⁇ the starter motor 5 is powered off ⁇ the diesel engine is started.
  • the step of switching on the battery 1 is achieved by closing the knife switch 2.
  • Simultaneously starting the oil pump motor 7 and the supercapacitor 10 includes: closing the oil pump contactor 6 to make the oil pump motor 7 work electrically, and simultaneously controlling the charging contactor 11 to be closed by the locomotive automatic control system to charge the supercapacitor 10, super
  • the charging circuit of the capacitor 10 is formed by sequentially connecting the positive electrode of the battery 1, the supercapacitor 10, the charging contactor 11, the charging resistor 12, the blade switch 2, and the negative electrode of the battery 1.
  • the steps of turning off the supercapacitor 10 and the oil pump motor 7 respectively include: under the control of the automatic control system of the locomotive, first disconnecting the charging contactor 11 to stop charging the supercapacitor 10, and then disconnecting the oil pump contactor 6 to make the oil pump motor 7 Power off and stop working.
  • the step of energizing the starter motor 5 includes: closing the starter motor contactor 3
  • the diode 13 and the battery 1 act together on the power input end of the starter motor 5, and the starter motor 5 operates as a DC series motor.
  • the step of rotating the diesel engine includes: while the starter motor 5 drives the rotation of the diesel engine, under the action of the supercapacitor 10, the diesel engine quickly reaches the ignition speed and enters normal operation.
  • Embodiment When the diesel engine starts to start, the knife switch 2 of the battery 1 is first closed, and the locomotive control circuit allows the oil pump contactor 6 to be closed when the starting condition is provided, and the starting oil pump motor 7 starts to work, and is automatically driven by the locomotive.
  • the control system controls the charging contactor 11 to be closed to charge the supercapacitor 10.
  • the charging circuit of the supercapacitor 10 includes: a positive electrode of the battery 1, a supercapacitor 10, a charging contactor 11, and a charging resistor 12 , the knife switch 2 and the negative pole of the battery 1.
  • the locomotive automatic control system disconnects the oil pump contactor 6. At this time, the charging contactor 11 is disconnected from the oil pump contactor 6 to prepare for the diesel engine.
  • the starter motor contactor 3 When the starter motor contactor 3 is closed, since the diode 13 and the battery 1 act together on the power input end of the starter motor 5, the starter motor 5 operates as a DC series-excited motor, and the starter motor 5 drives the diesel engine to rotate, at this time due to the supercapacitor 10 As a function, the diesel engine quickly reaches the ignition point speed, and the diesel engine enters normal operation. At this time, the starter motor contactor 3 is disconnected, the starter motor 5 is stopped, and the diesel engine is started.
  • This method can solve the problem that the diesel engine has low ambient temperature in winter, the starting resistance of the diesel engine is large, and the capacity of the battery 1 is reduced, which makes the diesel engine difficult to start. It can not only accelerate the diesel engine starting process, but also reduce the black smoke phenomenon when the diesel engine starts, and can reduce it. The large current discharge process of the battery 1 starting process prolongs the service life of the battery 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　利用超级电容器辅助内燃机车电启动柴油机的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及柴油机起动技术领域，尤其是一种超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法。
背景技术
目前，内燃机车柴油机的电起动大多数是利用蓄电池给直流起动电机供电，直流起动电机得电后，经过柴油机与直流起动电机之间的起动变速箱的变速，拖动柴油机至发火转速后，柴油机正常运转，这时停止直流起动电机供电，柴油机起动完成。这种起动方式，在柴油机开始转动的瞬间，蓄电池要深度放电，对蓄电池的容量要求较高，并且，蓄电池的大电流放电，对蓄电池寿命影响也较大。
发明内容
为了克服现有的柴油机起动技术对蓄电池要求高，影响蓄电池寿命的不足，本发明提供了一种超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，包括以下步骤：接通蓄电池→同时启动滑油泵电机和超级电容器→先后关闭超级电容器和滑油泵电机→起动电机通电→柴油机转动→起动电机断电→柴油机起动完成。
接通蓄电池步骤通过闭合闸刀开关得以实现。
同时启动滑油泵电机和超级电容器步骤包括：闭合滑油泵接触器，使滑油泵电机得电工作，同时由机车自动控制系统控制充电接触器闭合，对超级电容器进行充电，超级电容器的充电电路由蓄电池的正极、超级电容器、充电接触器、充电电阻、闸刀开关和蓄电池的负极依次串联而成。
先后关闭超级电容器和滑油泵电机步骤包括：在机车自动控制系统控制下，先断开充电接触器，使超级电容器停止充电，再断开滑油泵接触器，使滑油泵电机断电停止工作。
起动电机通电步骤包括：闭合起动电机接触器，通过二极管和蓄电池共同作用于起动电机的电源输入端，起动电机作为直流串励电动机运行。
柴油机转动步骤包括：起动电机带动柴油机转动的同时，在超级电容器的作用下，柴油机迅速达到发火点转速，进入正常运转。
本发明的有益效果是，利用超级电容器的蓄能作用，在柴油机起动的瞬间投入工作，与蓄电池共同给直流起动电机供电，在超级电容和蓄电池的共同作用下，直流起动电机将得到更多的电能，使柴油机起动加速，缩短柴油机起动时间，同时由于超级电容的辅助起动作用，蓄电池减少了深度放电过程，可提高蓄电池的使用寿命。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的柴油机起动控制电路原理图。
图中1.蓄电池， 2.闸刀开关，3.起动电机接触器，4.励磁绕组，5.起动电机，6.滑油泵接触器，7.滑油泵电机，8.放电电阻，9.万能转换开关，10.超级电容器，11.充电接触器，12.充电电阻，13.二级管。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明的柴油机起动控制电路原理图，包括蓄电池1，闸刀开关2，起动电机接触器3，励磁绕组4，起动电机5，滑油泵接触器6，滑油泵电机7，放电电阻8，万能转换开关9，超级电容器10，充电接触器11，充电电阻12，二级管13。
一种超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，包括以下步骤：接通蓄电池1→同时启动滑油泵电机7和超级电容器10→先后关闭超级电容器10和滑油泵电机7→起动电机5通电→柴油机转动→起动电机5断电→柴油机起动完成。
接通蓄电池1步骤通过闭合闸刀开关2得以实现。
同时启动滑油泵电机7和超级电容器10步骤包括：闭合滑油泵接触器6，使滑油泵电机7得电工作，同时由机车自动控制系统控制充电接触器11闭合，对超级电容器10进行充电，超级电容器10的充电电路由蓄电池1的正极、超级电容器10、充电接触器11、充电电阻12、闸刀开关2和蓄电池1的负极依次串联而成。
先后关闭超级电容器10和滑油泵电机7步骤包括：在机车自动控制系统控制下，先断开充电接触器11，使超级电容器10停止充电，再断开滑油泵接触器6，使滑油泵电机7断电停止工作。
起动电机5通电步骤包括：闭合起动电机接触器3 ，通过二极管13和蓄电池1共同作用于起动电机5的电源输入端，起动电机5作为直流串励电动机运行。
柴油机转动步骤包括：起动电机5带动柴油机转动的同时，在超级电容器10的作用下，柴油机迅速达到发火点转速，进入正常运转。
实施例：在柴油机开始起动时，先闭合蓄电池1的闸刀开关2，机车控制电路在起动条件具备时电路允许滑油泵接触器6闭合，起动滑油泵电机7得电开始工作，同时由机车自动控制系统控制充电接触器11闭合，对超级电容器10进行充电，超级电容器10的充电电路包括：蓄电池1的正极、超级电容器10、、充电接触器11、充电电阻12 、闸刀开关2和蓄电池1的负极。在柴油机预润滑结束后，机车自动控制系统使滑油泵接触器6断开，此时充电接触器11先于滑油泵接触器6断开，为柴油机起动作准备。
当起动电机接触器3闭合时，由于二极管13与蓄电池1共同作用于起动电机5的电源输入端，起动电机5作为直流串励电动机运行，起动电机5带动柴油机转动，此时由于超级电容器10的作用，柴油机迅速达到发火点转速，柴油机进入正常运转，这时断开起动电机接触器3，停止起动电机5供电，柴油机起动完成。
采用该方法可解决柴油机在冬季环温低，柴油机起动阻力大、蓄电池1容量降低，导致柴油机起机困难的问题，不但能加速柴油机起机过程，减少柴油机起动时冒黑烟现象，而且能减少蓄电池1起机过程的大电流放电过程，延长蓄电池1的使用寿命。

Claims (1)

1.一种超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：包括以下步骤：接通蓄电池（1）→同时启动滑油泵电机（7）和超级电容器（10）→先后关闭超级电容器（10）和滑油泵电机（7）→起动电机（5）通电→柴油机转动→起动电机（5）断电→柴油机起动完成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：接通蓄电池（1）步骤通过闭合闸刀开关（2）得以实现。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：同时启动滑油泵电机（7）和超级电容器（10）步骤包括：闭合滑油泵接触器（6），使滑油泵电机（7）得电工作，同时由机车自动控制系统控制充电接触器（11）闭合，对超级电容器（10）进行充电，超级电容器（10）的充电电路由蓄电池（1）的正极、超级电容器（10）、充电接触器（11）、充电电阻（12）、闸刀开关（2）和蓄电池（1）的负极依次串联而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：先后关闭超级电容器（10）和滑油泵电机（7）步骤包括：在机车自动控制系统控制下，先断开充电接触器（11），使超级电容器（10）停止充电，再断开滑油泵接触器（6），使滑油泵电机（7）断电停止工作。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：起动电机（5）通电步骤包括：闭合起动电机接触器（3） ，通过二极管（13）和蓄电池（1）共同作用于起动电机（5）的电源输入端，起动电机（5）作为直流串励电动机运行。
6.根据权利要求1所述的超级电容器辅助内燃机车进行柴油机电起动的方法，其特征是：柴油机转动步骤包括：起动电机（5）带动柴油机转动的同时，在超级电容器（10）的作用下，柴油机迅速达到发火点转速，进入正常运转。
PCT/CN2011/076911 2011-04-19 2011-07-06 利用超级电容器辅助内燃机车电启动柴油机的方法 WO2012142795A1 (zh)

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