WO2012139874A1 - Roue de compresseur ainsi que procédé permettant d'introduire des tensions propres dans une roue de compresseur - Google Patents

Roue de compresseur ainsi que procédé permettant d'introduire des tensions propres dans une roue de compresseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012139874A1
WO2012139874A1 PCT/EP2012/055283 EP2012055283W WO2012139874A1 WO 2012139874 A1 WO2012139874 A1 WO 2012139874A1 EP 2012055283 W EP2012055283 W EP 2012055283W WO 2012139874 A1 WO2012139874 A1 WO 2012139874A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hub
compressor wheel
compressor
bore
stresses
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/055283
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Reuter
Igor Makarenko
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2012139874A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139874A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/70—Treatment or modification of materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressor wheel with inherent stresses and various methods for introducing residual stresses in a compressor wheel of an exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • Exhaust gas turbochargers serve to improve the efficiency of an internal combustion engine and thus to increase its performance.
  • the exhaust gas turbocharger has a turbine with a turbine wheel and a compressor with a compressor wheel, wherein the two wheels are arranged on a common shaft.
  • the turbine wheel is in this case driven via an exhaust gas mass flow of a connected internal combustion engine and in turn drives the compressor wheel.
  • the compressor compresses fresh air sucked in and feeds it to the internal combustion engine.
  • the common shaft is mounted in a bearing housing of the turbocharger.
  • the turbine wheel of the turbine is arranged in a turbine housing and the compressor wheel of the compressor in a compressor housing.
  • Such an exhaust gas turbocharger has to fulfill various requirements during operation on the internal combustion engine or a connected engine.
  • One of these requirements is to accommodate the high temperatures that may arise, for example, due to the hot exhaust gas mass flow in the turbocharger housing.
  • the usual construction of an exhaust-gas turbocharger thereby provides individual housings which each consist of a material adapted to the prevailing temperature there.
  • the compressor housing is usually made of aluminum, while the bearing housing is made of gray cast iron, wherein the bearing housing can also be designed to be water cooled.
  • the turbine housing In general, due to the high temperatures prevailing in this area, it is made of materials with a high nickel content. Due to the adapted, different materials for the individual housing, these housings are designed as separate parts which are connected to one another and must also be sealed against each other.
  • Compressor wheel of an exhaust gas turbocharger during a vehicle ⁇ life very heavily loaded.
  • the design of the compressor wheel To avoid fatigue fractures (bursting) of the compressor wheel, the design of the compressor wheel
  • Compressor wheel adapted to the speeds occurring and the associated loads. Based on material-specific properties and resulting centrifugal forces, which are determined using the finite element method (FEM method), in particular the wheel back, the blade geometry and the hub contour of the compressor wheel are constructed and designed such that the compressor wheel the loads occurring during operation Stands up. Measures to increase the stability of the compressor wheel but are regularly connected to Ma ⁇ terialverstärkungen and thus an increase in the total mass and thus the moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the ex ⁇ gas turbocharger and thus worsen the response of the turbocharger.
  • the required construction ⁇ partial strength of a compressor wheel of an exhaust gas turbocharger is therefore in conflict with the requirement for the lowest possible moment of inertia of the running tool.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the component strength of an exhaust gas turbocharger without an increase in the mass moment of inertia ⁇ .
  • the compressor wheel for an exhaust-gas turbocharger has a hub with a hub bore centrally arranged therein, a wing adjoining the hub radially outward, having a wheel back, and compressor blades arranged on the wing and the hub.
  • the compressor wheel is characterized in that internal stresses are introduced in the material of the compressor wheel, in the region of the hub and / or in the region of the wheel back and / or in transition regions between hub, blades and the blades characterized by blade connection radii.
  • Another advantage of a compressor wheel with the features specified in claim 1 is that its life is increased.
  • the compressor wheel is characterized in that the residual stresses in the area of the hub which is subjected to the greatest load in the operation of the compressor wheel due to centrifugal force loads and / or in the operation of the
  • Compressor wheel is the most heavily loaded area of the wheel back due to centrifugal force loads and / or the centrifugal forces which are most pronounced during operation of the compressor wheel. loaded areas of Schaufelanitatisradien are introduced locally.
  • Compressor wheel with a defined overload speed which is greater than the maximum operating speed for which the compressor is designed.
  • the working speed is the maximum speed that must endure the running gear of a turbocharger in the intended operation in the long term, without being damaged.
  • the overload speed is a certain amount beyond the working speed, so far that the desired residual stress generating, permanent deformations occur in the said areas, but still no destruction or undesired damage to the compressor wheel occurs.
  • the maximum overload speed is limited by the so-called burst speed at which the Breaking strength of the material is achieved and the compressor wheel is destroyed.
  • Al alloys Berstwindiere is in a range between 1.3 to 1.7 times the allowable working speed.
  • Compressor wheel with the overload speed in the course of an already performed process step in the production, in particular before, during or after the balancing ⁇ process of the compressor wheel done.
  • the aforementioned method has the advantage that residual stresses in all relevant areas can be introduced virtually simultaneously in one process step. Also, this method can be particularly easily integrated into existing processes of Her ⁇ positioning process, such as the balancing process of the compressor wheel in which this must also be set in rotation. The device and ver ⁇ technical technical overhead is kept low.
  • Another alternative method for introducing the internal stresses, in the region of the hub of a compressor wheel according to the aforementioned expression, is characterized by the following steps:
  • a pressure medium is especially oil, especially hydraulic oil, but it can also other suitable liquids and possibly also gases are used.
  • This method has the advantage that targeted internal stresses can be introduced into the compressor wheel only in the region of the hub. Due to the highly precise controllability or controllability with simultaneous accurate detection of the pressure and its changes, another advantage of this method is that the desired deformations in the interior of the hub bore can be introduced very precisely defined.
  • Another alternative method for introducing the egg internal stresses, in a compressor wheel according to the above expression is characterized by a defined upper ⁇ surface deformation in the regions of the hub and / or the Radiess and or the areas of the blade connection radii. This is done in a Rollier compiler using a controlled under contact pressure over the respective areas of
  • the roller body can be guided over the respective regions of the compressor wheel with the aid of a combination of program-controlled or regulated movement axes with a specific contact pressure.
  • at least the surface solidifies these areas and achieved an increase in the overall resilience.
  • FIG. 1A shows a simplified sketch of a longitudinal section illustration of a partial region of a compressor wheel for an exhaust-gas turbocharger
  • Figure 1B shows a three-dimensionally illustrated ⁇ segment-section of a compressor wheel with spaced compressor blades
  • Figure 2 is a simplified diagram illustrating a
  • Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for introducing residual compressive stresses in a compressor wheel for an exhaust gas turbocharger by applying an overload speed
  • Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the course of the mechanical residual stress in the compressor wheel as a function of the mechanical strain in the prior art and in the invention.
  • Figure 1A shows a simplified sketch of a longitudinal ⁇ sectional view of a portion (half) of a
  • Compressor wheel for an exhaust gas turbocharger of a motor vehicle.
  • the illustrated compressor wheel has a hub 1 and a wing 2 connected to the hub and extending radially outward. Furthermore, the blade 2 of the compressor wheel forms a wheel back 3 on the compressor wheel rear side. Furthermore, the compressor wheel is equipped with compressor blades 4, of which in the figure 1, the sectional view corresponding to only a single can be seen. Further illustrated in FIG. 1A is the region B1 of the hub 1 and the region B2 of the wheel back 3 in which the internal stresses are introduced into the material.
  • FIG. 1B which show a segmental section of the compressor wheel in a spatial representation, are easier to recognize.
  • the compressor blades 4 are over
  • Blade connecting radii 12 connected to the hub 1 and the wing 2.
  • the blade connection radii 12 simultaneously represent the regions B3 in which internal stresses are likewise introduced in the material.
  • the compressor wheel is rotatable about a rotation axis 5.
  • the compressor wheel is rotationally symmetrical with respect to this axis of rotation. constructed metric and has in its central, extending in the axial direction area, a continuous, centrally arranged hub bore 6, which is cylindrically ⁇ forms.
  • the gas turbocharger extends through the bearing housing of the turbocharger through into the turbine housing from ⁇ , in which a turbine wheel is arranged arrival, which is also mounted on the shaft (not shown) .
  • the design or the Ra7kontur, blade geometry and Radnabenkontur the compressor wheel is determined by the yield point of the material of the compressor wheel, for example, aluminum material or aluminum alloys, in particular AL 2816 can be used.
  • the yield strength of the aluminum material is increased signifi- cantly by introducing compressive stresses. Investigations have shown that the highest mechanical stresses and strains occur locally during operation of the compressor wheel in the region of the hub 1, the blade attachment radii 12 and in the region of the wheel back 3. These areas are indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2 by the reference symbols Bl, B2 and B3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified sketch to illustrate a device for carrying out a method for introducing compressive residual stresses into the hub region Bl of a compressor wheel for an exhaust gas turbocharger into which the
  • Compressor is used. By means of the device shown in FIG. 2, internal compressive stresses are introduced into the region Bl of the hub 1 of the compressor wheel which is subjected to the greatest load during operation.
  • the compressor wheel used in the device for introducing compressive residual stresses has, in addition to the aforementioned hub 1 connected to the hub, in the radial outward extending wings 2, at the back of the wing 2 a Ramony 3, 4 blades and in its central region a cylindrical hub bore 6 on.
  • the compressor wheel is rotationally symmetrical and can be rotated about an axis of rotation 5 during operation.
  • the device for introducing compressive residual stresses contains a first cover 7 and a second cover 8.
  • the first cover 7 is provided for closing the first end region of the bore 6 provided in FIG. 2 on the left side.
  • the second cover 8 is provided for closing the second end region of the bore 6 provided in FIG. 2 on the right-hand side.
  • an opening 9 is provided, through which a pressure medium for increasing the pressure prevailing in the hub bore 6 pressure can be introduced.
  • This is in the figure 2 by illustrates the arrow p (t).
  • the pressure medium is transported by means of a connecting line, not shown, to the opening 9.
  • a first cylindrical extension 10 is provided, which extends into the bore 6, wherein the outer surface of the cylindrical extension to the inner shell of the hub 1 sufficiently tightly connects that introduced through the opening 9 in the bore 6 pressure medium not through a gap between the cylindrical extension 10 and the hub 1 can escape again.
  • a second cylindrical extension 11 is provided, which also extends into the bore 6, in turn, the outer surface of the cylindrical extension 11 to the inner shell of the hub 1 sufficiently tightly connected. Consequently, the introduced through the opening 9 in the bore 6 pressure medium can not escape through a gap between the cylindrical extension 11 and the hub 1 again.
  • the axial length of the two cylindrical extensions 10 and 11 is set such that a portion of the inner shell of the hub 1 remains free when inserted into the bore 6 cylindrical extensions.
  • this free region is the area B1 of the compressor wheel lying in the region of the hub 1, in which locally high component stresses and strains occur during operation of the compressor wheel.
  • local permanent deformation is established using the apparatus of high pressure into the hub bore 6 shown in Figure 2, caused ⁇ and thereby be introduced compressive residual stresses. This serves to reduce the mean mechanical stress during operation, which reduces the load on the compressor wheel during operation.
  • By introducing the compressive residual stresses in the compressor wheel are in operation due to the Centrifugal load occurring tensile stresses of the component reduced.
  • Rolling process using roll bodies which are rolled using a programmable arrangement of controlled / controlled axes of motion, as for example, an indutrial robot, while exerting a high pressure over this range.
  • the resulting deformations of the material in this area bring the desired Eigenspannugen in the material with it.
  • Such a method can also be carried out in an advantageous manner within the scope of the production of the compressor wheel.
  • the method of rolling can also be applied to the area B2 in the area of the hub bore 6 and the area of the blade attachment radii 12, B3.
  • Shovel connection radii in the rolling method for example, an industrial robot assembly can be used, which makes it possible to follow the contour of the Schaufelanitatisradien 12 during the rolling.
  • the overload speed no can for example be realized during the already required balancing process in the production process.
  • 4 shows a diagram for illustrating the course of the mechanical stress ⁇ in the compressor wheel as a function of the mechanical strain ⁇ on the one hand in a compressor wheel according to the prior art and on the other hand in a
  • Compressor wheel according to the invention.
  • the upper left part of the diagram of the course of the stress-strain curve according to the prior art that is shown with a compressor introduced without residual stresses, and with a center voltage o ⁇ m, i.
  • the subsequent curve (characterized by the surrounding oval) reflects the plastic deformation when introducing the internal stresses.
  • Compressor in operation which are due to the centrifugal load, are reduced.
  • compressive stresses in the center voltage of operation is o ⁇ m, i on o m, 2 at the same voltage amplitude o ⁇ a reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une roue de compresseur destinée à un turbocompresseur à gaz d'échappement, laquelle présente un moyeu (1) dans lequel est ménagé centralement un alésage de moyeu (6), une ailette (2) raccordée au moyeu (1) en direction radiale vers l'extérieur et constituant un dos de roue (3), et des aubes de compresseur (4) agencées sur l'ailette (2) et le moyeu (1). Dans la zone du moyeu (1) et/ou dans la zone du dos de roue (3) et/ou dans les zones de transition entre les aubes de compresseur et le moyeu (1) ou l'ailette (2), des tensions propres sont introduites dans le matériau de la roue de compresseur. L'invention concerne par ailleurs de nouveaux procédés permettant d'introduire lesdites tensions propres dans une roue de compresseur destinée à un turbocompresseur.
PCT/EP2012/055283 2011-04-11 2012-04-10 Roue de compresseur ainsi que procédé permettant d'introduire des tensions propres dans une roue de compresseur WO2012139874A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011007120 2011-04-11
DE102011007120.2 2011-04-11
DE102011079254.6 2011-07-15
DE102011079254A DE102011079254A1 (de) 2011-04-11 2011-07-15 Verdichterrad sowie Verfahren zum Einbringen von Eigenspannungen in ein Verdichterrad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012139874A1 true WO2012139874A1 (fr) 2012-10-18

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DE (1) DE102011079254A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012139874A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11473588B2 (en) * 2019-06-24 2022-10-18 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Treatment process for a central bore through a centrifugal compressor wheel to create a deep cylindrical zone of compressive residual hoop stress on a fractional portion of the bore length, and compressor wheel resulting therefrom

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG10201810768XA (en) * 2014-06-03 2019-01-30 United Technologies Corp Systems and methods for pre-stressing blades
DE102021133773B3 (de) 2021-12-18 2023-02-09 Borgwarner Inc. Verdichterrad
DE102021133772B3 (de) 2021-12-18 2023-01-19 Borgwarner Inc. Verdichterrad

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1026815A (fr) * 1950-08-18 1953-05-05 Procédé de fabrication pour l'amélioration des matériaux des roues de turbines à gaz
EP0086505A1 (fr) * 1982-02-11 1983-08-24 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Procédé pour empêcher l'agrandissement par déformation plastique de l'alésage du moyeu d'un élément de turbomachine lors de l'essai de centrifugation
DE69205119T2 (de) * 1991-11-15 1996-05-09 Praxair Technology Inc Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Belastbarkeit eines rotierenden Körpers.
WO2002018092A1 (fr) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Procede pour faire subir une deformation plastique a un alesage de moyeu d'une piece a vitesse de rotation elevee d'une turbomachine
US20030136001A1 (en) * 2001-12-25 2003-07-24 Komatsu Ltd. Method of producing rotary vane member and rotary vane member
WO2006051285A1 (fr) * 2004-11-13 2006-05-18 Holset Engineering Company Limited Roue de compresseur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1026815A (fr) * 1950-08-18 1953-05-05 Procédé de fabrication pour l'amélioration des matériaux des roues de turbines à gaz
EP0086505A1 (fr) * 1982-02-11 1983-08-24 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Procédé pour empêcher l'agrandissement par déformation plastique de l'alésage du moyeu d'un élément de turbomachine lors de l'essai de centrifugation
DE69205119T2 (de) * 1991-11-15 1996-05-09 Praxair Technology Inc Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Belastbarkeit eines rotierenden Körpers.
WO2002018092A1 (fr) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Procede pour faire subir une deformation plastique a un alesage de moyeu d'une piece a vitesse de rotation elevee d'une turbomachine
US20030136001A1 (en) * 2001-12-25 2003-07-24 Komatsu Ltd. Method of producing rotary vane member and rotary vane member
WO2006051285A1 (fr) * 2004-11-13 2006-05-18 Holset Engineering Company Limited Roue de compresseur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11473588B2 (en) * 2019-06-24 2022-10-18 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Treatment process for a central bore through a centrifugal compressor wheel to create a deep cylindrical zone of compressive residual hoop stress on a fractional portion of the bore length, and compressor wheel resulting therefrom

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