WO2012139778A4 - Improvements in electrical connections - Google Patents

Improvements in electrical connections Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012139778A4
WO2012139778A4 PCT/EP2012/001696 EP2012001696W WO2012139778A4 WO 2012139778 A4 WO2012139778 A4 WO 2012139778A4 EP 2012001696 W EP2012001696 W EP 2012001696W WO 2012139778 A4 WO2012139778 A4 WO 2012139778A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
power supply
electrical connection
electrical
rate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/001696
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012139778A2 (en
WO2012139778A3 (en
Inventor
Martin BANKS
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2012139778A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012139778A2/en
Publication of WO2012139778A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012139778A3/en
Publication of WO2012139778A4 publication Critical patent/WO2012139778A4/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6683—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in sensor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/64—Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
    • G01K3/005—Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A method of charging an electric vehicle battery using the following electrical connections: a first plug (3, Fig. 8) mating with a first socket (3, Fig. 8) on the vehicle (200, Fig. 8); a second plug (400, Fig. 8) mating with a second "mains power" socket (44, Fig. 8); and a cable (7, Fig. 8) connecting the plugs; the charging system also comprising a control means comprising an electronic memory device. At least one electrical connection comprises temperature sensing means (412U, 412E, 412L, Fig. 7), mounted close to electrical conductor(s) within the plug or socket. The method comprises: measuring the temperature of the connection during charging; comparing said temperature with preset thresholds held in the electronic memory; and varying the current drawn by the battery from the electrical supply to maximize the charging rate without allowing the plug or socket to get too hot.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 19 March 2013 (19.03.13)
1. A method of charging a power storage means of a vehicle (100, 200) using a charging system comprising the following electrical connections:
a first plug (3, 290) arranged to cooperate with a corresponding first socket (5) mounted on a vehicle (100, 200);
a second plug (4) arranged to cooperate with a corresponding second socket of an electrical power supply (44); and
a cable (7, 270) connecting the first (3, 290) and second (4) plugs;
the charging system (700, 800) also comprising at least one control means (77, 85, 87) comprising an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device;
wherein at least one of the electrical connections comprises temperature sensing means (412U, 412L, 412E), and support means for supporting the temperature sensing means (412U, 412L, 412E) in close proximity to at least one electrica! conductor (3c, 4c) within said electrical connection;
the method comprising:
measuring the temperature of the at least one electrical connection during the charging cycle;
comparing the temperature of the electrical connection during the charging cycle with preset threshold data held in the electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device; and
in dependence on the temperature of the electrical connection during the charging cycle, varying the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply (44) - so as to maximize the rate of charge whilst not exceeding a pre-determined electrical connection temperature, characterizing the method further comprising:
measuring the voltage available from said electrical power supply;
initiating said charging cycle appropriate to the voltage available from the electrical power supply;
measuring the voltage supplied from the electrical power supply (44) during the charging cycle;
calculating the voltage drop, which is the reduction in voltage during the charging cycle; comparing the voltage drop at the electrical power supply (44) during the charging cycle with preset threshold data held in an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device; and in dependence on the electrical voltage drop at the power supply during the charging cycle, varying the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply so as to optimise the rate of charge whist not exceeding a pre-determined electrical voltage drop at the power supply, wherein the method further comprises:
calculating the rate of change of the voltage drop at the electrical power supply during the charging cycle;
comparing the rate of change of the voltage drop at the electrical power supply during the charging cycle with preset threshold held in an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device; and in dependence on the rate of change of the voltage drop at the power supply during the charging cycle, varying the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply so as to optimise the rate of charge whilst not exceeding a pre-determined rate of change of the electrical voltage drop at the power supply.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the electrical connection comprising temperature sensing means (412U, 412L, 412E) is the second plug (4).
3. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the pre-determined electrical connection temperature is a maximum safe temperature, which has been determined to be a maximum temperature at which unguarded human skin can touch an electrical connection without damage to said unguarded human skin.
4. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the pre-determined electrical connection temperature is a maximum comfort temperature, which has been determined to be a maximum temperature at which unguarded human skin can comfortably touch an electrical connection without incurring an unacceptable level of pain.
5. A method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the pre-determined electrical connection temperature is an intermediate maximum temperature between the maximum safe temperature according to claim 3 and the maximum comfort temperature according to claim 4.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply is controlled by the control means (77, 85, 87) so that the electrical connection temperature is allowed to oscillate between the intermediate maximum temperature according to claim 5 and the maximum comfort temperature according to claim 4.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply (44) is controlled by the control means (77, 85, 87) so that the electrical connection temperature has a mean temperature corresponding to the maximum comfort temperature according to claim 4.
8. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the method further comprises: measuring the temperature of the at least one electrical connection before initiating a charging cycle;
measuring a rate of change of the temperature of the electrical connection;
comparing the rate of change of the temperature of the electrical connection during the charging cycle with preset threshold data held in an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device; and
varying the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply (44) in dependence on the rate of change of temperature of the electrical connection during the charging cycle so as to maximize the rate of charge whilst not exceeding a predetermined electrical connection temperature.
9. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the power storage means is charged according to the following schedule:
i) where a measured characteristic comprising temperature, rate of change of temperature, voltage drop, rate of change of voltage, or rate of charge of the power storage means exceeds a first threshold held in an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device, the charging current is reduced to a value greater than zero; and
ii) where the measured characteristic rate falls below a second threshold held in an electronic memory (RAM, ROM) device, the charging current is increased.
10. A method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature sensing means (412U, 412L, 412E) comprises multiple temperature sensors in the second plug (4), and the method further comprises:
sampling all of temperatures detected by the multiple temperature sensors; and establishing a highest one of the temperatures as the temperature of the electrical connection.
1 1. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the method further comprises: calculating a maximum charging current to be drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply (44) by a predetermined calculating expression; and if the calculated maximum charging current is more than a rated current for the electrical connection, changing the calculated maximum charging current to the rated current during the charging cycle so as to maximize the rate of charge whilst not exceeding a predetermined electrical connection temperature.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:
measuring the degree of either ageing or dirtiness about the electrical connection; and
in dependence on the degree of either ageing or dirtiness about the electrical connection, varying the current drawn by the power storage means from the electrical power supply (44) so as to maximize the rate of charge whilst not exceeding a predetermined electrical connection temperature.
13. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the control means (77, 85, 87) is arranged to provide an indication to a user of the temperature of at least one electrical connection in dependence on the temperature data from the temperature sensing means (412U, 412L, 412E).
14. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the method further comprises measuring the voltage available from said electrical power supply; and wherein the control means (77, 85, 87) is arranged to provide an indication to a user of the supply voltage of the electrical power supply (44) in dependence on the voltage data generated by the control means (77, 85, 87).
15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the method further comprises calculating the power available from said electrical power supply; and wherein the control means (77, 85, 87) is arranged to provide an indication to a user of the power available from the electrical power supply (44) in dependence on the voltage data and controlled current data generated by the control means (77, 85, 87).
16. A method according to claim15, wherein the method further comprises calculating the remaining charge time according to the state of charge of the power storage means and the power available from the electrical power supply; and wherein the control means (77, 85, 87) is arranged to provide an indication to a user of the remaining charge time of the power storage means.
17. A method according to claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the method further comprises comparing the power available from the socket of the electrical power supply (44) with the rated power output of said socket; and wherein the control means (77, 85, 87) is arranged to provide an indication to a user of the condition of the electrical power supply (44) socket in dependence on the comparison of available power to rated power.
18. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein one or both of the first (3, 290) and second plugs (4) comprise status indicator means disposed so as to be visible or audible to a user and arranged to indicate data comprising any one of: a state of charge of a power storage means of the vehicle (100, 200); a temperature of at least one of the first (3, 290) and second plugs (4) and the first (5) and second sockets; a duration of electrical connection between the electrical power supply (44) and the vehicle (100, 200); a cost of electricity used by the power storage means; customer identification details; vehicle identification details; and a maximum current drawn from the electrical power supply.
19. An electric vehicle power storage means charging system (700, 800) characterized by being adapted to use a charging method according to any preceding claim.
20. An electric vehicle comprising a power storage means charging system according to claim 19.
PCT/EP2012/001696 2011-04-15 2012-04-16 Improvements in electrical connections WO2012139778A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1106401.1 2011-04-15
GB1106401.1A GB2489988B (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Improvements in electrical connections

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012139778A2 WO2012139778A2 (en) 2012-10-18
WO2012139778A3 WO2012139778A3 (en) 2013-03-28
WO2012139778A4 true WO2012139778A4 (en) 2013-05-23

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PCT/EP2012/001696 WO2012139778A2 (en) 2011-04-15 2012-04-16 Improvements in electrical connections

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WO (1) WO2012139778A2 (en)

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