WO2012137729A1 - Glass antenna for vehicle - Google Patents

Glass antenna for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012137729A1
WO2012137729A1 PCT/JP2012/058920 JP2012058920W WO2012137729A1 WO 2012137729 A1 WO2012137729 A1 WO 2012137729A1 JP 2012058920 W JP2012058920 W JP 2012058920W WO 2012137729 A1 WO2012137729 A1 WO 2012137729A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
horizontal
line
antenna
wire
stub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/058920
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
浩 向井
伸吾 田所
Original Assignee
セントラル硝子株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by セントラル硝子株式会社 filed Critical セントラル硝子株式会社
Publication of WO2012137729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012137729A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers

Definitions

  • ITS such as VICS (Road Traffic Information System, Vehicle Information and Communication System), RDS-TMC (Traffic Information Service by FM Multiplex Broadcasting, Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel) provided in the upper margin of the defogger of the rear glass for automobiles.
  • the present invention relates to a glass antenna suitable for receiving radio waves in an FM band such as for (Intelligent Transport Systems) or FM radio broadcasting.
  • the frequency band for FM broadcasting is 76 MHz to 90 MHz in Japan and 88 MHz to 108 MHz outside Japan, and has been used for ITS such as radio broadcasting and VICS.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-198006 proposes an antenna provided in an upper margin of the defogger of a rear glass provided with a defogger (Patent Document). 1).
  • the antenna described in Patent Document 1 may cause a phenomenon that the value of the antenna sensitivity greatly drops in a certain direction when the directivity of the antenna sensitivity is drawn depending on the vehicle on which the antenna is mounted. .
  • a portion where the antenna sensitivity value is greatly reduced is called a dip.
  • the antenna described in Patent Document 1 is a main antenna, and in addition to the main antenna, a sub-antenna having a directional characteristic different from that of the main antenna Is arranged on the rear glass and the main antenna and the sub-antenna are diversified (Patent Document 2).
  • the glass antenna for the FM band described in Patent Document 1 has a dip depending on the vehicle on which the antenna is mounted. For example, depending on the traveling direction of the vehicle equipped with the antenna, the dip may be reduced.
  • the FM broadcast wave may be directed in the direction of arrival. In such a case, there may be a problem that the FM broadcast wave cannot be received.
  • Patent Document 2 since the invention described in Patent Document 2 has feeding points at different places in the main antenna and the sub antenna, respectively, and feeding lines must be connected to the feeding points. There is a problem in that the number of steps for attaching the rear glass having the antenna to the vehicle body increases. Furthermore, since two antennas are required, there is a problem that the cost increases.
  • the present invention solves these problems, provides a glass antenna that is less likely to cause dip in the FM band, and allows a single glass antenna to sufficiently receive FM broadcast waves coming from any direction.
  • the purpose is that.
  • the present invention is a glass antenna for a vehicle disposed in a defogger upper margin of a rear glass provided with a defogger.
  • This glass antenna has a first element composed of a T-shaped element in which the upper end of a vertical line is connected to a horizontal line, and a second horizontal line that is connected to an arbitrary position of the vertical line and extends horizontally.
  • a second element for phase adjustment provided with at least one and a second element for impedance matching connected to the lower end of the vertical filament and provided on the opposite side of the extending direction of the horizontal filament of the second element 3 elements, a lead wire drawn out from the third element, and a feeding point connected to the tip of the lead wire.
  • the third element includes a third horizontal line connected to the lower end of the vertical line and a stub connected to the third horizontal line via a connection line.
  • the stub includes at least one stub horizontal line, and one end of the lead line is connected to the uppermost line of the stub horizontal line.
  • the fourth element is provided with a loop element by connecting both ends of the directivity adjusting wire at two positions of the lead wire.
  • a plurality of directivity adjusting wires may be connected to an arbitrary position of the lead wire to form a fourth element.
  • the defogger is composed of a plurality of heating horizontal filaments parallel to each other, and it is preferable to connect orthogonal filaments perpendicular to the plurality of heating horizontal filaments.
  • the FM glass antenna for a vehicle according to the present invention does not cause a dip in which the antenna sensitivity is greatly reduced in a specific direction, the FM broadcast wave can be satisfactorily received with only one antenna according to the present invention. . Therefore, it is not necessary to diversify FM broadcast waves by combining a plurality of vehicle antennas, and man-hours can be greatly reduced.
  • the front view of the antenna pattern of Example 1 of this invention The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 2 of this invention.
  • the frequency characteristic figure which compared the average sensitivity in each frequency of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention The frequency characteristic figure which compared the minimum sensitivity in each frequency of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention.
  • the antenna of the present invention is an FM glass antenna for an FM band provided on an upper part of a defogger 2 provided on a rear glass 1 of an automobile, and includes a first element 31 and a second antenna.
  • the glass antenna includes an element 32, a third element 33, and a fourth element 34.
  • the first element 31 includes a first horizontal line 311 and a first vertical line 312, and the upper end of the first vertical line 312 is connected to the first horizontal line 311 to form a T-shaped element. It is an element.
  • the connection position of the upper end of the first vertical line 312 on the first horizontal line 311 is adjusted so that the average value of the antenna sensitivity of the present invention becomes large in a desired FM band in or outside Japan. To do.
  • the second element 32 includes a second horizontal line 321 connected to one end of the first vertical line 312 and a folded line 322 connected to the other end of the second horizontal line 321 and folded back. Become.
  • the second element 32 functions as a phase adjusting element in the antenna of the present invention.
  • the folded line 322 is disposed below the second horizontal line 321.
  • the folded line 322 may be folded above the second horizontal line 321.
  • the second element 32 can be configured by only the second horizontal filament 321 without providing the folded filament 322.
  • the second horizontal line 321 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 in FIGS. 1 to 7, but can be connected to the middle part of the first vertical line 312.
  • the second element 32 adjusts the length of the second horizontal line 321, the connection position between the second horizontal line 321 and the first vertical line 312, and the length and direction of the folded line 322.
  • the third element 33 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and is opposite to the direction in which the second horizontal line 321 extends from the first vertical line 312.
  • a third horizontal filament 331 that extends in the direction of, a stub 333 provided on the side where the third horizontal filament 331 extends with respect to the first vertical filament 312, a third horizontal filament 331, It comprises a connecting wire 332 that connects the stub 333.
  • the stub 333 is an element composed of a plurality of filaments.
  • the stub horizontal filaments are arranged so as to be parallel in the vertical direction, and the upper filaments are arranged as the upper horizontal filaments for the stub.
  • 333a, the lower horizontal line 333b for the stub, and the two horizontal lines for the stub are connected by the vertical line 333c for the stub to constitute a U-shaped element. it can.
  • the shape of the stub 333 is not necessarily limited to the inverted U-shape as shown in FIG. 1, and includes, for example, two stub vertical wires 333 c as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. It may be configured as a loop element connected to the left and right ends of the lower horizontal line 333b for stub.
  • the stub 333 may be configured in a U-shape, a “day” shape, a “self” shape, an S shape, or a “ ⁇ ” shape.
  • the connecting wire 332 connecting the third horizontal wire 331 and the stub 333 is connected to the stub lower horizontal wire 333b when two stub horizontal wires are provided as shown in FIGS. .
  • each linear length constituting the stub 333, the length of the third horizontal filament 331, and the stub constituting the third horizontal filament 331 and the stub 333 are included.
  • matching is performed so as to match the impedance with the power supply line connected to the power supply point 35 in a desired FM band.
  • the fourth element 34 has a leading wire connected to the stub upper horizontal wire 333 a of the stub 333 and a leading wire connected to the leading wire 341. And one end of the lead wire 341 is connected to the feeding point 35.
  • one end of the lead wire 341 is connected to the stub upper horizontal wire 333a of the stub 333.
  • the horizontal wire for the stub is connected. Connected to.
  • the lead wire 341 is bent at both ends downward, and the end connected to the stub 333 serves as a connection portion 341b with the stub of the lead wire,
  • the end on the connected side can be a connecting portion 341c with the feeding point 35 of the lead wire, and the horizontal portion sandwiched between both ends can be the horizontal portion 341a of the lead wire.
  • the lead wire 341 and the directivity adjusting wire 342 constitute a loop element.
  • the optimum configuration is not necessarily the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the lead wire 341 and the directivity adjusting wire are not necessarily provided.
  • the dip is reduced by adjusting the connection position with the 342 or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting line 342.
  • the fourth element 34 needs to be provided with a loop element by connecting both ends of the directivity adjusting wire 342 to any two points of the lead wire 341.
  • the directivity adjusting wire 342 may be connected to the lead wire 341, and the other end may be left open, as shown in FIGS.
  • a plurality of directivity adjusting wires 342 may be provided on the lead wire 341.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 when one end of the directivity adjusting wire 342 is opened, both ends of the directivity adjusting wire 342 are connected to the lead wire 342 in the same manner as when both ends are connected to the lead wire 341.
  • the dip can be reduced by adjusting the connection position or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting line.
  • the second element 32 is provided on the left side, and the third element 33 and the fourth element 34 are provided on the right side with respect to the first vertical filament 312 of the first element 31.
  • this position is not necessarily fixed, and the second element 32 may be provided on the right side, and the third element 33 and the fourth element 34 may be provided on the left side.
  • the glass antenna attached to the vehicle receives not only a direct wave but also a reflected wave reflected by the vehicle to which the glass antenna is attached.
  • the phase of the direct wave and the reflected wave changes depending on the direction of arrival of the broadcast wave.
  • the currents induced in the glass antenna by the two strengthen each other and are large at the feeding point 35.
  • a received signal can be obtained.
  • the phase difference between the two increases, the currents induced in the glass antenna by the two weaken each other. For example, when the phase difference between the two becomes 180 degrees, both cause the glass The current induced in the antenna is the strongest and weakest.
  • the reflected wave that is reflected by the vehicle and incident on the glass antenna is not limited to one, and a plurality of reflected waves may be incident depending on the shape of the vehicle on which the glass antenna is mounted and the arrival direction of the broadcast wave,
  • the glass antenna is exposed to a complicated radio wave environment.
  • the first element 31, the second element 32, and the third element 33 have high antenna sensitivity and isotropic directivity. However, there is a case where a dip occurs and the dip cannot be reduced.
  • a dip is generated by connecting the directivity adjusting wire 342 to an arbitrary position of the lead wire 341 to form a loop element or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting wire 342.
  • the directivity can be improved so that the phase difference between the direct wave and the reflected wave reflected by the vehicle is reduced and the dip is reduced.
  • an orthogonal wire 23 is disposed perpendicularly to the plurality of heating horizontal wires 22 constituting the defogger 2 and connected to each heating horizontal wire 22. Further, it is more preferable that the orthogonal wire 23 is disposed on a defogger that is an extension of the first vertical wire 312 constituting the first element 31 of the antenna of the present invention.
  • the antenna sensitivity to FM broadcast waves can be increased by providing such orthogonal stripes.
  • the glass antenna of the present invention is provided with a grounding point (not shown) on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and a receiver (not shown) and a grounding point are connected by a coaxial cable (not shown), and the outer side of the coaxial cable is grounded.
  • the core wire side of the coaxial cable is connected to an AV line (not shown) and is connected from the ground point to the feeding point 35.
  • the feeding point 35 is required to be as inconspicuous as possible and the length of the AV line connecting the feeding point 35 and the grounding point is required to be as short as possible. It is provided on a black frame (not shown).
  • the antenna of the present invention can use the same conductive ceramic paste as that for forming the defogger 2 and can be printed by the same method as the defogger 2 and baked in a heating furnace. can do.
  • the antenna of the present invention can be used by pasting an antenna printed on a transparent film with a conductive paint on the upper part of the defogger 2 of the rear glass 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side.
  • the antenna pattern of the first embodiment is connected to the first element 31 arranged in a T shape and the lower end of the first vertical line 312 of the first element 31, and on the left side of the first vertical line 312.
  • the second element 32 provided, the third element 33 provided on the right side of the first vertical line 312, and the fourth element connected to the stub upper side line 333 a constituting the stub 333 of the third element 33.
  • Element 34 and a feeding point 35 connected to the fourth element 34 and provided at the periphery of the rear glass 1.
  • the first vertical filament 312 is arranged on the center line of the rear glass, and the first horizontal filament 311 is connected to the upper end of the first vertical filament 312.
  • the second element 32 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and is connected to the second horizontal line 321 extending to the left side and the other end of the second horizontal line 321 and folded downward.
  • the folded line 322 is constituted.
  • the third element 33 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and extends to the right side, a third horizontal line 331, a stub 333 provided on the upper part of the third horizontal line, and a third horizontal line It comprises a connecting wire 332 that connects the strip 331 and the stub 333.
  • the stub 333 is an element in which a line is arranged in a U-shape, a stub lower side horizontal line 333b, a stub upper side horizontal line 333a provided parallel to the upper part and the same length, It is comprised with the stub vertical filament 333c which has connected the left ends of the horizontal filament.
  • the connecting wire 332 connects the tip of the third horizontal wire 331 and the tip of the stub lower horizontal wire 333b.
  • the fourth element 34 is provided at the upper part of the stub upper side horizontal line 333a of the stub 333, and both ends are connected to two points of the lead line 341 in which the left and right ends are bent downward and the lead line 341.
  • the directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected, and the directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected at two points of the lead wire 341 to form a loop element.
  • Both ends of the lead wire 341 are bent downward, the left end is connected to the stub of the lead wire as a connection portion 341b, and the tip is connected at an arbitrary position on the stub upper side horizontal wire 333a.
  • the right end portion is a connecting portion 341c of the lead wire 34 to the feeding point 35, the tip is connected to the feeding point 35, and the unfolded portion of the lead wire 341 is the horizontal portion of the lead wire 341.
  • 341a is a connecting portion 341c of the lead wire 34 to the feeding point 35, the tip is connected to the feeding point 35, and the unfolded portion of the lead wire 341 is the horizontal portion of the lead wire 341.
  • orthogonal wires 23 are arranged from the uppermost heating horizontal wire 22 to the lowermost heating horizontal wire 22 so as to be perpendicular to each heating horizontal wire 22 constituting the defogger 2 and along the center line of the rear glass 1. , Each heating horizontal line 22 is connected.
  • FIG. 10 shows the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency of 88 MHz to 108 MHz in Example 1 (solid line) and the comparative example (broken line).
  • FIG. 11 shows the directional characteristics of Example 1 and Comparative Example regarding antenna sensitivity at 95 MHz.
  • FIG. 9 shows that there is almost no difference in average sensitivity between Example 1 and the comparative example at each frequency.
  • the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity is extremely around 95 MHz. It is getting smaller.
  • the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity of Example 1 is significantly improved with respect to the comparative example at around 95 MHz.
  • the reception characteristics of the antenna of the present invention at the frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan have been described in the first embodiment.
  • the present invention is used at 76 to 90 MHz in Japan, the length of each element The sheath configuration needs to be adjusted.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the antenna pattern according to the second embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side.
  • the connecting line 332 connecting the third horizontal line 331 constituting the third element 33 and the stub lower side horizontal line 333b of the stub 333 is connected to the middle part of the stub lower side horizontal line 333b. Except for this point, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment When the antenna of the present embodiment thus created receives a broadcast wave at an FM band frequency of 88 to 108 MHz outside of Japan, a directional characteristic without deep dip is obtained as in the first embodiment, which is sufficiently practical. I found out.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side.
  • the stub upper horizontal line 333a and the stub lower horizontal line 333b of the stub 333 constituting the third element 33 are connected not only to the left end but also to the right end by the stub vertical line 333c. Except for, the configuration is the same as in the second embodiment.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side.
  • the fourth embodiment has the same configuration as that of the third embodiment except that the folded line 322 constituting the second element 32 is folded on the upper part of the second horizontal line 321.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side.
  • the fifth embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that one end of the directivity adjusting wire 342 constituting the fourth element 34 is opened.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side.
  • the directivity adjusting wire 342 constituting the fourth element 34 is provided in two, and each directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected to a stub of the lead wire and a lead wire 341b.
  • the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment except that it is connected to the connection portion 341c of the strip 34 to the feeding point 35 and one end is open.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention viewed from the vehicle interior side.
  • the wire connected to the connection portion 341b with the stub 333 of the lead wire of the directivity adjusting wire 342 provided in Example 6 is the lead wire of the lead wire.
  • the configuration is the same as that of the sixth embodiment except that it is connected to the horizontal portion 341a of the lead wire so as to be positioned above the horizontal portion 341a.
  • the antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of the antenna pattern according to the comparative example viewed from the vehicle inner side.
  • the length of each linear shape is the same as that of the antenna of the first embodiment except that the directivity adjusting wire 342 is not provided.
  • the antenna of this comparative example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and the AV wire was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
  • the antenna of this comparative example created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside of Japan, the average value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency as shown by the broken line in FIG. 9 in all directions. As a result, a minimum value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency as shown by the broken line in FIG. 10 was obtained, and a directional characteristic diagram regarding the antenna sensitivity at 95 MHz indicated by the arrow in FIG. 11 was obtained.

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a glass antenna for a vehicle, whereby satisfactory reception performance is obtained from only a single antenna provided to the upper part of the rear window defogger of an automobile. [Solution] A glass antenna for a vehicle, comprising: a first element arranged in the margin of the upper part of the defogger of the rear window, and comprising a T-shaped element of a vertical stripe connected at the upper end to a horizontal stripe; a second element for phase adjustment, provided with at least one horizontal stripe extending horizontally from the vertical stripe; and a third element for impedance matching, connected to the lower end of the vertical stripe and provided in the opposite direction from the horizontal stripe of the second element; and further comprising a leader stripe leading out from the third element, and a feeding point connected to an end of the leader stripe. An end of a stripe for directionality adjustment is connected to any one or two locations on the leader stripe, the leader stripe and the stripe for directionality adjustment together constituting a fourth element for directionality adjustment.

Description

車両用ガラスアンテナGlass antenna for vehicles
　本発明は、自動車用リアガラスのデフォッガ上部余白部に設けるＶＩＣＳ（道路交通情報システム、Vehicle Information and Communication System）、ＲＤＳ－ＴＭＣ（ＦＭ多重放送による交通情報サービス、Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel）などのＩＴＳ（高度交通システム、Intelligent Transport Systems）用又はＦＭラジオ放送用などのＦＭ帯域の電波を受信するのに好適なガラスアンテナに関するものである。 ITS such as VICS (Road Traffic Information System, Vehicle Information and Communication System), RDS-TMC (Traffic Information Service by FM Multiplex Broadcasting, Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel) provided in the upper margin of the defogger of the rear glass for automobiles. The present invention relates to a glass antenna suitable for receiving radio waves in an FM band such as for (Intelligent Transport Systems) or FM radio broadcasting.
　ＦＭ放送用の周波数帯域は日本国内では７６ＭＨｚ～９０ＭＨｚ、日本国以外では８８ＭＨｚ～１０８ＭＨｚであり、従来からラジオ放送やＶＩＣＳなどのＩＴＳ用に用いられてきた。 The frequency band for FM broadcasting is 76 MHz to 90 MHz in Japan and 88 MHz to 108 MHz outside Japan, and has been used for ITS such as radio broadcasting and VICS.
ＦＭ放送用の周波数帯域の受信用アンテナとしては、例えば特開昭５９－１９８００６号公報には、デフォッガを備えたリアガラスの前記デフォッガの上部余白部に設けられたアンテナが提案されている（特許文献１）。 As a receiving antenna in the frequency band for FM broadcasting, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-198006 proposes an antenna provided in an upper margin of the defogger of a rear glass provided with a defogger (Patent Document). 1).
　しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されたアンテナは、前記アンテナが搭載される車輌によってはアンテナ感度の指向性を描いたときに、ある方向でアンテナ感度の値が大きく落ち込む現象が生じてしまうことがある。このようにアンテナ感度の値が大きく落ち込んでいる箇所をディップと呼んでいる。このディップを改善するために、例えば、特開平５－２６７９１７号公報には、特許文献１に記載されているアンテナをメインアンテナとし、前記メインアンテナに加えて前記メインアンテナと指向特性の異なるサブアンテナを前記リアガラスに配設し、前記メインアンテナと前記サブアンテナとをダイバーさせることが提案されている（特許文献２）。 However, the antenna described in Patent Document 1 may cause a phenomenon that the value of the antenna sensitivity greatly drops in a certain direction when the directivity of the antenna sensitivity is drawn depending on the vehicle on which the antenna is mounted. . A portion where the antenna sensitivity value is greatly reduced is called a dip. In order to improve this dip, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-267717, the antenna described in Patent Document 1 is a main antenna, and in addition to the main antenna, a sub-antenna having a directional characteristic different from that of the main antenna Is arranged on the rear glass and the main antenna and the sub-antenna are diversified (Patent Document 2).
特開昭５９－１９８００６号公報JP 59-198006 特開平５－２６７９１７号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-267717
　特許文献１に記載されたＦＭ帯域用ガラスアンテナは、前述したとおり、前記アンテナが搭載される車輌によっては、ディップが生じてしまい、例えば前記アンテナを備えた車輌の進行方向によっては、前記ディップがＦＭ放送波の到来方向に向いてしまうことがあり、そのような場合にＦＭ放送波を受信できなくなるという問題が生じることがあった。 As described above, the glass antenna for the FM band described in Patent Document 1 has a dip depending on the vehicle on which the antenna is mounted. For example, depending on the traveling direction of the vehicle equipped with the antenna, the dip may be reduced. The FM broadcast wave may be directed in the direction of arrival. In such a case, there may be a problem that the FM broadcast wave cannot be received.
　また、特許文献２に記載された発明は、前記メインアンテナと前記サブアンテナとで、それぞれ別々に異なる場所に給電点を有するため、それぞれの給電点に給電線を接続しなければならないため、これらのアンテナを有するリアガラスを車体に取付けるときに車体に取付ける工数が増大してしまうという問題があった。更にまた、２つのアンテナを必要とするため、コストが増大してしまうという問題もあった。 Moreover, since the invention described in Patent Document 2 has feeding points at different places in the main antenna and the sub antenna, respectively, and feeding lines must be connected to the feeding points. There is a problem in that the number of steps for attaching the rear glass having the antenna to the vehicle body increases. Furthermore, since two antennas are required, there is a problem that the cost increases.
　本発明はこれらの問題点を解決して、ＦＭ帯域において、ディップを生じにくいガラスアンテナを提供し、１本のガラスアンテナでどのような方向から到来するＦＭ放送波でも十分に受信できるようにすることを目的としている。 The present invention solves these problems, provides a glass antenna that is less likely to cause dip in the FM band, and allows a single glass antenna to sufficiently receive FM broadcast waves coming from any direction. The purpose is that.
　すなわち本発明は、デフォッガを備えたリアガラスの前記デフォッガ上部余白部に配設された車両用ガラスアンテナである。このガラスアンテナは、水平線条に垂直線条の上端を接続したＴ型のエレメントからなる第１のエレメントと、前記垂直線条の任意の位置に接続され水平に延伸される第２の水平線条を少なくとも１本備える位相調整用の第２のエレメントと、前記垂直線条の下端に接続され、前記第２のエレメントの水平線条の延伸される方向とは反対側に備えられたインピーダンス整合用の第３のエレメントと、前記第３のエレメントから引き出された引き出し線条と、前記引き出し線条の先端に接続された給電点とからなる。 That is, the present invention is a glass antenna for a vehicle disposed in a defogger upper margin of a rear glass provided with a defogger. This glass antenna has a first element composed of a T-shaped element in which the upper end of a vertical line is connected to a horizontal line, and a second horizontal line that is connected to an arbitrary position of the vertical line and extends horizontally. A second element for phase adjustment provided with at least one and a second element for impedance matching connected to the lower end of the vertical filament and provided on the opposite side of the extending direction of the horizontal filament of the second element 3 elements, a lead wire drawn out from the third element, and a feeding point connected to the tip of the lead wire.
　前記第３のエレメントは、前記垂直線条の下端に接続される第３の水平線条と前記第３の水平線条に接続線条を介して接続されるスタブとからなる。そして、前記スタブは、少なくとも１本のスタブ用水平線条からなり、前記引き出し線条の一端は、前記スタブ用水平線条のうちの最上部の線条に接続されている。 The third element includes a third horizontal line connected to the lower end of the vertical line and a stub connected to the third horizontal line via a connection line. The stub includes at least one stub horizontal line, and one end of the lead line is connected to the uppermost line of the stub horizontal line.
　そして、前記引き出し線条の一箇所又は二箇所に、指向性調整用線条の先端を接続し、前記引き出し線条と前記指向性調整用線条とを合わせて指向性調整用の第４のエレメントとする。 And the front-end | tip of a directivity adjustment wire is connected to one place or two places of the said drawing wire, The 4th for directivity adjustment is match | combined with the said drawing wire and the said directivity adjustment wire. Element.
　前記第４のエレメントは、前記引き出し線条の２箇所に、前記指向性調整用線条の両端を接続し、ループエレメントを備えるようにすることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the fourth element is provided with a loop element by connecting both ends of the directivity adjusting wire at two positions of the lead wire.
　また、前記引き出し線条の任意の位置に、指向性調整用線条を複数本接続し、第４のエレメントとしてもよい。 Further, a plurality of directivity adjusting wires may be connected to an arbitrary position of the lead wire to form a fourth element.
　前記デフォッガは、複数本の互いに平行な加熱水平線条から構成されており、前記複数本の加熱水平線条に垂直となる直交線条を接続することが好ましい。 The defogger is composed of a plurality of heating horizontal filaments parallel to each other, and it is preferable to connect orthogonal filaments perpendicular to the plurality of heating horizontal filaments.
　本発明のＦＭ帯域用の車両用ガラスアンテナは、特定方向においてアンテナ感度が大きく落ち込むディップが生じることがないため、本発明のアンテナ一本だけで、良好にＦＭ放送波を受信できるようになった。そのため、車両用アンテナを複数組み合わせてＦＭ放送波をダイバー受信する必要がなく、大幅な工数削減が可能となった。 Since the FM glass antenna for a vehicle according to the present invention does not cause a dip in which the antenna sensitivity is greatly reduced in a specific direction, the FM broadcast wave can be satisfactorily received with only one antenna according to the present invention. . Therefore, it is not necessary to diversify FM broadcast waves by combining a plurality of vehicle antennas, and man-hours can be greatly reduced.
本発明の実施例１のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例２のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施例３のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 3 of this invention. 本発明の実施例４のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 4 of this invention. 本発明の実施例５のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 5 of this invention. 本発明の実施例６のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 6 of this invention. 本発明の実施例７のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of Example 7 of this invention. 比較例のアンテナパターンの正面図。The front view of the antenna pattern of a comparative example. 本発明の実施例１と比較例１との各周波数での平均感度を比較した周波数特性図。The frequency characteristic figure which compared the average sensitivity in each frequency of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１と比較例１との各周波数での最小感度を比較した周波数特性図。The frequency characteristic figure which compared the minimum sensitivity in each frequency of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施例１と比較例１との９５ＭＨｚでの指向性特性を比較した図。The figure which compared the directivity characteristic in 95 MHz of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of this invention.
　図１に示すように、本発明のアンテナは、自動車のリアガラス１に設けたデフォッガ２の上部に設けられたＦＭ帯域用の車両用ガラスアンテナであって、第１のエレメント３１と、第２のエレメント３２と、第３のエレメント３３と、第４のエレメント３４と、から構成されるガラスアンテナである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna of the present invention is an FM glass antenna for an FM band provided on an upper part of a defogger 2 provided on a rear glass 1 of an automobile, and includes a first element 31 and a second antenna. The glass antenna includes an element 32, a third element 33, and a fourth element 34.
　＜第１のエレメントについて＞
　第１のエレメント３１は、第１の水平線条３１１と第１の垂直線条３１２とからなり、第１の水平線条３１１に第１の垂直線条３１２の上端が接続されることでＴ型のエレメントとなっている。第１の水平線条３１１上の第１の垂直線条３１２の上端の接続位置は、本発明のアンテナ感度の平均値が日本国内又は日本国外のいずれかの所望のＦＭ帯域において大きくなるように調整する。 <About the first element>
The first element 31 includes a first horizontal line 311 and a first vertical line 312, and the upper end of the first vertical line 312 is connected to the first horizontal line 311 to form a T-shaped element. It is an element. The connection position of the upper end of the first vertical line 312 on the first horizontal line 311 is adjusted so that the average value of the antenna sensitivity of the present invention becomes large in a desired FM band in or outside Japan. To do.
　＜第２のエレメントについて＞
　第２のエレメント３２は、第１の垂直線条３１２に、その一端が接続される第２の水平線条３２１と、第２の水平線条３２１のもう一端に接続され、折り返す折り返し線条３２２とからなる。第２のエレメント３２は、本発明のアンテナでは、位相調整用のエレメントとして作用している。図１においては、折り返し線条３２２は、第２の水平線条３２１の下方に配置されているが、図４に示されているように、第２の水平線条３２１の上方に折り返されていてもよい。また、折り返し線条３２２を設けず、第２の水平線条３２１のみで第２のエレメント３２が構成することもできる。 <About the second element>
The second element 32 includes a second horizontal line 321 connected to one end of the first vertical line 312 and a folded line 322 connected to the other end of the second horizontal line 321 and folded back. Become. The second element 32 functions as a phase adjusting element in the antenna of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the folded line 322 is disposed below the second horizontal line 321. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the folded line 322 may be folded above the second horizontal line 321. Good. Further, the second element 32 can be configured by only the second horizontal filament 321 without providing the folded filament 322.
　第２の水平線条３２１は、図１～図７において、第１の垂直線条３１２の下端に接続されているが、第１の垂直線条３１２の途中部に接続することもできる。第２のエレメント３２は、第２の水平線条３２１の長さ、第２の水平線条３２１と第１の垂直線条３１２との接続位置並びに、折り返し線条３２２の長さと折り返し方向を調整することにより、本発明のアンテナで受信される放送波の直接波成分と、車体によって反射される反射波成分とによって前記アンテナ上に誘起される電流の位相を調整し、所望のＦＭ帯域においてアンテナ感度の指向特性にディップが生じないように調整をおこなう。 The second horizontal line 321 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 in FIGS. 1 to 7, but can be connected to the middle part of the first vertical line 312. The second element 32 adjusts the length of the second horizontal line 321, the connection position between the second horizontal line 321 and the first vertical line 312, and the length and direction of the folded line 322. By adjusting the phase of the current induced on the antenna by the direct wave component of the broadcast wave received by the antenna of the present invention and the reflected wave component reflected by the vehicle body, the antenna sensitivity can be improved in a desired FM band. Adjust so that no dip occurs in the directivity.
　＜第３のエレメントについて＞
　第３のエレメント３３は、図１に示されるように、第１の垂直線条３１２の下端に接続され、第１の垂直線条３１２から第２の水平線条３２１が延伸される方向とは反対の方向に延伸される第３の水平線条３３１と、第１の垂直線条３１２に対して第３の水平線条３３１が延伸される側に設けられるスタブ３３３と、第３の水平線条３３１と、スタブ３３３とを接続する接続線条３３２とから構成される。 <About the third element>
As shown in FIG. 1, the third element 33 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and is opposite to the direction in which the second horizontal line 321 extends from the first vertical line 312. A third horizontal filament 331 that extends in the direction of, a stub 333 provided on the side where the third horizontal filament 331 extends with respect to the first vertical filament 312, a third horizontal filament 331, It comprises a connecting wire 332 that connects the stub 333.
　スタブ３３３は、複数の線条で構成されるエレメントであり、例えば図１のように、スタブ用水平線条を上下に平行になるように配設し、その上側の線条をスタブ用上部水平線条３３３ａとし、その下側の線条をスタブ用下部水平線条３３３ｂとし、上下２本のスタブ用水平線条の間を、スタブ用垂直線条３３３ｃで接続してコの字状エレメントとして構成することができる。 The stub 333 is an element composed of a plurality of filaments. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the stub horizontal filaments are arranged so as to be parallel in the vertical direction, and the upper filaments are arranged as the upper horizontal filaments for the stub. 333a, the lower horizontal line 333b for the stub, and the two horizontal lines for the stub are connected by the vertical line 333c for the stub to constitute a U-shaped element. it can.
　スタブ３３３の形状は、必ずしも図１のような逆コ字状の形状に限らず、例えば、図３、図４のようにスタブ垂直線条３３３ｃを２本備え、それぞれスタブ用上部水平線条３３３ａ及びスタブ用下部水平線条３３３ｂの左右両端に接続し、ループエレメントして構成してもよい。また、コ字状、「日」字状、「己」字状、Ｓ字状、「巳」字状にスタブ３３３を構成してもよい。また、スタブ用水平線条は必ずしも複数本存在している必要はなく、スタブ用水平線条は１本のみであってもよい。スタブ用水平線条が１本しか配設されていない場合でも、スタブ用垂直線条３３３ｃを備えることがインピーダンスの整合を行う上では好ましい。 The shape of the stub 333 is not necessarily limited to the inverted U-shape as shown in FIG. 1, and includes, for example, two stub vertical wires 333 c as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. It may be configured as a loop element connected to the left and right ends of the lower horizontal line 333b for stub. Alternatively, the stub 333 may be configured in a U-shape, a “day” shape, a “self” shape, an S shape, or a “巳” shape. Further, it is not always necessary that a plurality of stub horizontal filaments exist, and only one stub horizontal filament may exist. Even when only one stub horizontal line is provided, it is preferable to provide the stub vertical line 333c in terms of impedance matching.
　第３の水平線条３３１とスタブ３３３とを接続する接続線条３３２は、図１～図７のようにスタブ用水平線条が２本備えられているときには、スタブ用下部水平線条３３３ｂに接続される。 The connecting wire 332 connecting the third horizontal wire 331 and the stub 333 is connected to the stub lower horizontal wire 333b when two stub horizontal wires are provided as shown in FIGS. .
　第３のエレメント３３は、インピーダンス整合用のエレメントであるため、スタブ３３３を構成する各線状の長さ、第３の水平線条３３１の長さ及び第３の水平線条３３１とスタブ３３３を構成するスタブ用水平線条とを接続する接続線条３３２の両端の接続位置を調整することによって、所望のＦＭ帯域において給電点３５に接続される給電線とのインピーダンスとマッチングがとれるように整合をおこなう。 Since the third element 33 is an element for impedance matching, each linear length constituting the stub 333, the length of the third horizontal filament 331, and the stub constituting the third horizontal filament 331 and the stub 333 are included. By adjusting the connection positions of both ends of the connection line 332 connecting the horizontal line for use, matching is performed so as to match the impedance with the power supply line connected to the power supply point 35 in a desired FM band.
　＜第４のエレメントについて＞
　第４のエレメント３４は、例えば図１に示されるように、スタブ３３３のスタブ用上部水平線条３３３ａに接続される引き出し線条３４１と、引き出し線条３４１の２点でその先端が接続される指向性調整用線条３４２とから構成され、引き出し線条３４１の一端は、給電点３５に接続されている。 <About the fourth element>
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the fourth element 34 has a leading wire connected to the stub upper horizontal wire 333 a of the stub 333 and a leading wire connected to the leading wire 341. And one end of the lead wire 341 is connected to the feeding point 35.
　図１～図７においては、引き出し線条３４１の一端は、スタブ３３３のスタブ用上部水平線条３３３ａに接続されているが、スタブ用水平線条が１本しかない場合には、そのスタブ用水平線条に接続される。 1 to 7, one end of the lead wire 341 is connected to the stub upper horizontal wire 333a of the stub 333. When there is only one stub horizontal wire, the horizontal wire for the stub is connected. Connected to.
　引き出し線条３４１は、図１～図７に示すようにその両端を下方に折り曲げ、スタブ３３３と接続している側の端部を引き出し線条のスタブとの接続部分３４１ｂとし、給電点３５と接続している側の端部を引き出し線条の給電点３５との接続部分３４１ｃとし、両端部に挟まれる水平部分を引き出し線条の水平部分３４１ａとすることができる。しかし、必ずしも、引き出し線条３４１は両端を下方に折り曲げる必要はなく、給電点側は折り曲げる必要はないし、給電点側を上側に折り曲げることもできる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the lead wire 341 is bent at both ends downward, and the end connected to the stub 333 serves as a connection portion 341b with the stub of the lead wire, The end on the connected side can be a connecting portion 341c with the feeding point 35 of the lead wire, and the horizontal portion sandwiched between both ends can be the horizontal portion 341a of the lead wire. However, it is not always necessary to bend both ends of the lead wire 341 downward, it is not necessary to bend the feeding point side, and the feeding point side can be bent upward.
　図１～図４においては、指向性調整用線条３４２は一本のみであり、その一端を引き出し線条のスタブとの接続部分３４１ｂに接続、もう一端を引き出し線条の給電点との接続部分３４１ｃに接続することで、引き出し線条３４１と指向性調整用線条３４２とで、ループエレメントを構成している。ただし、図１～図４のようにループエレメントを構成する場合には、必ずしも図１～図４と同じ構成で最適な形態となるとは限らず、引き出し線条３４１と、指向性調整用線条３４２との接続位置を調整したり、指向性調整用線条３４２の長さを調整したりすることで、ディップを小さくする。ループエレメントを構成する場合は、図１～図４のように指向性調整用線条３４２の両端を接続する必要はなく、例えば、両端を折り曲げて引き出し線状の水平部分３４１ａに接続してもよいし、いずれか一端部を折り曲げてその一端のみを引き出し線状の水平部分３４１ａに接続するようにしてもよい。 1 to 4, there is only one directivity adjusting wire 342, one end of which is connected to the connection portion 341b with the stub of the lead wire, and the other end is connected to the feeding point of the lead wire. By connecting to the portion 341c, the lead wire 341 and the directivity adjusting wire 342 constitute a loop element. However, when the loop element is configured as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the optimum configuration is not necessarily the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, and the lead wire 341 and the directivity adjusting wire are not necessarily provided. The dip is reduced by adjusting the connection position with the 342 or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting line 342. When configuring the loop element, it is not necessary to connect both ends of the directivity adjusting wire 342 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, for example, even if both ends are bent and connected to the lead-line horizontal portion 341a. Alternatively, either one end portion may be bent and only one end thereof may be connected to the lead-out horizontal portion 341a.
　また、第４のエレメント３４は、図１～図４に示されているように、指向性調整用線条３４２の両端を引き出し線条３４１の任意の２点に接続してループエレメントを設ける必要はなく、例えば、図５に示されるように、指向性調整用線条３４２の一端だけを引き出し線条３４１に接続し、もう一端は開放しておいてもよいし、図６や図７に示されるように、複数本の指向性調整用線条３４２を引き出し線条３４１に設けるようにしてもよい。
図５～図７に示されるように、指向性調整用線条３４２の一端を開放しているときも、両端を引き出し線条３４１に接続しているときと同様に、引き出し線条３４２との接続位置を調整したり、指向性調整用線条の長さを調整したりすることで、ディップを小さくすることができる。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the fourth element 34 needs to be provided with a loop element by connecting both ends of the directivity adjusting wire 342 to any two points of the lead wire 341. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, only one end of the directivity adjusting wire 342 may be connected to the lead wire 341, and the other end may be left open, as shown in FIGS. As shown, a plurality of directivity adjusting wires 342 may be provided on the lead wire 341.
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, when one end of the directivity adjusting wire 342 is opened, both ends of the directivity adjusting wire 342 are connected to the lead wire 342 in the same manner as when both ends are connected to the lead wire 341. The dip can be reduced by adjusting the connection position or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting line.
　図１～図７において、第１のエレメント３１の第１の垂直線条３１２に対して、第２のエレメント３２は左側、第３のエレメント３３及び第４のエレメント３４は右側に設けられているが、必ずしも、この位置は固定的ではなく、第２のエレメント３２を右側、第３のエレメント３３及び第４のエレメント３４を左側に設けるようにしてもよい。 1 to 7, the second element 32 is provided on the left side, and the third element 33 and the fourth element 34 are provided on the right side with respect to the first vertical filament 312 of the first element 31. However, this position is not necessarily fixed, and the second element 32 may be provided on the right side, and the third element 33 and the fourth element 34 may be provided on the left side.
　＜指向性調整用線条の効果について＞
　車両に取付けられたガラスアンテナは、放送波を受信する際に、直接波だけではなく、前記ガラスアンテナが取付けられている車両で反射された反射波も受信する。直接波と反射波の位相は、放送波の到来方向によって変化し、両者の位相差がほとんどない場合には、両者によってそれぞれ前記ガラスアンテナに誘起される電流は強めあい、給電点３５にて大きな受信信号を得ることができる。しかしながら、両者の位相差が大きくなっていくと、両者によってそれぞれ前記ガラスアンテナに誘起される電流は弱め合うようになり、例えば、両者の位相差が１８０度となる場合に、両者によってそれぞれ前記ガラスアンテナに誘起される電流はもっとも強く弱め合うこととなる。 <About the effect of directivity adjustment filament>
When receiving a broadcast wave, the glass antenna attached to the vehicle receives not only a direct wave but also a reflected wave reflected by the vehicle to which the glass antenna is attached. The phase of the direct wave and the reflected wave changes depending on the direction of arrival of the broadcast wave. When there is almost no phase difference between the two, the currents induced in the glass antenna by the two strengthen each other and are large at the feeding point 35. A received signal can be obtained. However, as the phase difference between the two increases, the currents induced in the glass antenna by the two weaken each other. For example, when the phase difference between the two becomes 180 degrees, both cause the glass The current induced in the antenna is the strongest and weakest.
　車両で反射されて前記ガラスアンテナに入射する反射波は一つとは限らず、前記ガラスアンテナが搭載される車両の形状や、放送波の到来方向によって、複数の反射波が入射することがあり、前記ガラスアンテナは複雑な電波環境に曝されている。 The reflected wave that is reflected by the vehicle and incident on the glass antenna is not limited to one, and a plurality of reflected waves may be incident depending on the shape of the vehicle on which the glass antenna is mounted and the arrival direction of the broadcast wave, The glass antenna is exposed to a complicated radio wave environment.
　本発明のガラスアンテナを搭載される車両に合わせて調整を行う場合、アンテナ感度が高く等方的な指向性となるように第１のエレメント３１と第２のエレメント３２と第３のエレメント３３とを調整するが、ディップが生じてしまい、そのディップを小さくできない場合がある。 When the adjustment is performed according to the vehicle on which the glass antenna of the present invention is mounted, the first element 31, the second element 32, and the third element 33 have high antenna sensitivity and isotropic directivity. However, there is a case where a dip occurs and the dip cannot be reduced.
　そのような場合に、引き出し線条３４１の任意の位置に指向性調整用線条３４２を接続しループエレメントを形成したり、指向性調整用線条３４２の長さを調整することによってディップが生じる放送波の到来方向において、直接波と車両で反射される反射波との位相差を小さくし、前記ディップが小さくなるように指向特性を改善することができる。 In such a case, a dip is generated by connecting the directivity adjusting wire 342 to an arbitrary position of the lead wire 341 to form a loop element or adjusting the length of the directivity adjusting wire 342. In the arrival direction of the broadcast wave, the directivity can be improved so that the phase difference between the direct wave and the reflected wave reflected by the vehicle is reduced and the dip is reduced.
　＜直交線条について＞
　図１～図７において、デフォッガ２を構成する複数の加熱水平線条２２に対して垂直に直交線条２３を配設して、各加熱水平線条２２と接続することが好ましい。そして、直交線条２３は、本発明のアンテナの第１のエレメント３１を構成する第１の垂直線条３１２の延長線上となるデフォッガ上に配設させることがより好ましい。 <About orthogonal stripes>
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, it is preferable that an orthogonal wire 23 is disposed perpendicularly to the plurality of heating horizontal wires 22 constituting the defogger 2 and connected to each heating horizontal wire 22. Further, it is more preferable that the orthogonal wire 23 is disposed on a defogger that is an extension of the first vertical wire 312 constituting the first element 31 of the antenna of the present invention.
　このような直交線条を設けることによって、ＦＭ放送波に対するアンテナ感度を高めることができる。 The antenna sensitivity to FM broadcast waves can be increased by providing such orthogonal stripes.
　＜本発明のガラスアンテナの給電点＞
　本発明のガラスアンテナは、給電点３５近傍の車体上に図示しない接地点を設けており、図示しない受信機から接地点までを図示しない同軸ケーブルで接続し、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮側は接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側は、図示しないＡＶ線に接続し、接地点から給電点３５までを接続している。 <Feeding point of glass antenna of the present invention>
The glass antenna of the present invention is provided with a grounding point (not shown) on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and a receiver (not shown) and a grounding point are connected by a coaxial cable (not shown), and the outer side of the coaxial cable is grounded. The core wire side of the coaxial cable is connected to an AV line (not shown) and is connected from the ground point to the feeding point 35.
　給電点３５は、なるべく目立たないことが求められるとともに、給電点３５と接地点間をつなぐＡＶ線の長さをなるべく短くすることが求められているため、リアガラスの周辺部の車内面側に設けられている図示しない黒枠上に設けられている。 The feeding point 35 is required to be as inconspicuous as possible and the length of the AV line connecting the feeding point 35 and the grounding point is required to be as short as possible. It is provided on a black frame (not shown).
　本発明のアンテナは、デフォッガ２を形成するのと同じ導電性セラミックペーストを用いることができ、デフォッガ２と同じ方法で印刷し、加熱炉によって焼付けることができるため、デフォッガ２の形成と同時に形成することができる。または、本発明のアンテナは、透明フィルム上に導電性塗料によってプリントしたものを、リアガラス１のデフォッガ２の上部に貼り付けて使用することもできる。 The antenna of the present invention can use the same conductive ceramic paste as that for forming the defogger 2 and can be printed by the same method as the defogger 2 and baked in a heating furnace. can do. Alternatively, the antenna of the present invention can be used by pasting an antenna printed on a transparent film with a conductive paint on the upper part of the defogger 2 of the rear glass 1.
　以下に本発明の各実施例について説明する。 Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described.
　＜実施例１＞
　図１は本発明の実施例１に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例１のアンテナパターンは、Ｔ型に配設した第１のエレメント３１と、第１のエレメント３１の第１の垂直線条３１２の下端に接続され、第１の垂直線条３１２の左側に設けられる第２のエレメント３２と、第１の垂直線条３１２の右側に設けられる第３のエレメント３３と、第３のエレメント３３のスタブ３３３を構成するスタブ上辺線条３３３ａに接続される第４のエレメント３４と、第４のエレメント３４に接続され、リアガラス１の周辺部に設けられた給電点３５とから構成されている。 <Example 1>
FIG. 1 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side. The antenna pattern of the first embodiment is connected to the first element 31 arranged in a T shape and the lower end of the first vertical line 312 of the first element 31, and on the left side of the first vertical line 312. The second element 32 provided, the third element 33 provided on the right side of the first vertical line 312, and the fourth element connected to the stub upper side line 333 a constituting the stub 333 of the third element 33. Element 34 and a feeding point 35 connected to the fourth element 34 and provided at the periphery of the rear glass 1.
　第１のエレメント３１は、第１の垂直線条３１２をリアガラスの中心線上に配設し、第１の垂直線条３１２の上端に第１の水平線条３１１を接続させている。 In the first element 31, the first vertical filament 312 is arranged on the center line of the rear glass, and the first horizontal filament 311 is connected to the upper end of the first vertical filament 312.
　第２のエレメント３２は、第１の垂直線条３１２の下端に接続され、左側に延伸される第２の水平線条３２１と、第２の水平線条３２１の他端に接続され、下方に折り返される折り返し線条３２２とから構成されている。 The second element 32 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and is connected to the second horizontal line 321 extending to the left side and the other end of the second horizontal line 321 and folded downward. The folded line 322 is constituted.
　第３のエレメント３３は、第１の垂直線条３１２の下端に接続され、右側に延伸される第３の水平線条３３１と、第３の水平線条上部に設けられるスタブ３３３と、第３の水平線条３３１とスタブ３３３とを接続する接続線条３３２とから構成される。 The third element 33 is connected to the lower end of the first vertical line 312 and extends to the right side, a third horizontal line 331, a stub 333 provided on the upper part of the third horizontal line, and a third horizontal line It comprises a connecting wire 332 that connects the strip 331 and the stub 333.
　スタブ３３３は、コの字状に線条を配設したエレメントであり、スタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂと、その上部に平行かつ同じ長さになるように設けられたスタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａと、それぞれの水平線条の左端部同士を接続しているスタブ垂直線条３３３ｃとで構成されている。 The stub 333 is an element in which a line is arranged in a U-shape, a stub lower side horizontal line 333b, a stub upper side horizontal line 333a provided parallel to the upper part and the same length, It is comprised with the stub vertical filament 333c which has connected the left ends of the horizontal filament.
　そして、接続線条３３２は、第３の水平線条３３１の先端とスタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂの先端とを接続している。 The connecting wire 332 connects the tip of the third horizontal wire 331 and the tip of the stub lower horizontal wire 333b.
　第４のエレメント３４は、スタブ３３３のスタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａの上部に設けられ、左右の端部を下方向に折り曲げた引き出し線条３４１と、引き出し線条３４１の２点に、両端を接続させた指向性調整用線条３４２とから構成されており、指向性調整用線条３４２を引き出し線条３４１の２点で接続させたことで、ループエレメントを形成している。 The fourth element 34 is provided at the upper part of the stub upper side horizontal line 333a of the stub 333, and both ends are connected to two points of the lead line 341 in which the left and right ends are bent downward and the lead line 341. The directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected, and the directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected at two points of the lead wire 341 to form a loop element.
　引き出し線条３４１は、その両端が下方向に折り曲げられており、左端部は、引き出し線条のスタブとの接続部分３４１ｂとして、その先端はスタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａの任意の位置で接続されており、右端部は、引き出し線条３４の給電点３５との接続部分３４１ｃとして、その先端は給電点３５と接続しており、引き出し線条３４１の折り曲げられていない部分は、引き出し線条の水平部分３４１ａとしている。 Both ends of the lead wire 341 are bent downward, the left end is connected to the stub of the lead wire as a connection portion 341b, and the tip is connected at an arbitrary position on the stub upper side horizontal wire 333a. The right end portion is a connecting portion 341c of the lead wire 34 to the feeding point 35, the tip is connected to the feeding point 35, and the unfolded portion of the lead wire 341 is the horizontal portion of the lead wire 341. 341a.
　また、デフォッガ２を構成する各加熱水平線条２２と垂直で、リアガラス１の中心線上に沿うように最上部の加熱水平線条２２から最下部の加熱水平線条２２まで直交線条２３を配設して、各加熱水平線条２２と接続している。 In addition, orthogonal wires 23 are arranged from the uppermost heating horizontal wire 22 to the lowermost heating horizontal wire 22 so as to be perpendicular to each heating horizontal wire 22 constituting the defogger 2 and along the center line of the rear glass 1. , Each heating horizontal line 22 is connected.
　本実施例のアンテナの各線状長さを以下の通りにした。 ア ン テ ナ Each linear length of the antenna of this example was as follows.
　第１のエレメント３１について
第１の垂直線条３１２の長さ＝１１６ｍｍ
第１の水平線条３１１の長さ＝６５０ｍｍ（第１の垂直線条の右側の長さ＝３００ｍｍ、第１の垂直線条の左側の長さ＝３５０ｍｍ）
　第２のエレメント３２について
第２の水平線条３２１の長さ＝５１０ｍｍ
折り返し線条３２２の長さ＝８３０ｍｍ
折り返し線条３２２の第２の水平線条３２１との接続部３２２ａ＝２０ｍｍ
　第３のエレメント３３について
第３の水平線条３３１の長さ＝３００ｍｍ
接続線条３３２の長さ＝２０ｍｍ
スタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａの長さ＝２５５ｍｍ
スタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂの長さ＝２５５ｍｍ
スタブ垂直線条３３３ｃの長さ＝６０ｍｍ
　第４のエレメント３４について
引き出し線条３４１の長さ＝３６５ｍｍ
引き出し線条３４１の水平部分３４１ａの長さ＝３２５ｍｍ
引き出し線条３４１のスタブ３３３との接続部分３４１ｂの長さ＝２０ｍｍ
引き出し線条３４１の給電点３５との接続部分３４１ｃの長さ＝２０ｍｍ
引き出し線条３４１のスタブ３３３との接続部分の位置＝スタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａ上のスタブ垂直線条３３３ｃとの接続部から１５５ｍｍの位置
指向性調整用線条３４２＝３２５ｍｍ
指向性調整用線条３４２と引き出し線条３４１の水平部分３４１ａとの間隔＝１０ｍｍ
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 Length of first vertical filament 312 for the first element 31 = 116 mm
Length of the first horizontal filament 311 = 650 mm (length on the right side of the first vertical filament = 300 mm, length on the left side of the first vertical filament = 350 mm)
The length of the second horizontal filament 321 for the second element 32 = 510 mm
Length of folded line 322 = 830 mm
Connection portion 322a of folded line 322 and second horizontal line 321 = 20 mm
The length of the third horizontal filament 331 for the third element 33 = 300 mm
Length of connecting wire 332 = 20 mm
Length of stub upper side horizontal filament 333a = 255mm
Length of stub lower horizontal line 333b = 255 mm
Length of stub vertical line 333c = 60mm
The length of the lead wire 341 for the fourth element 34 = 365 mm
Length of horizontal portion 341a of lead wire 341 = 325 mm
Length of connecting portion 341b of lead wire 341 to stub 333 = 20 mm
Length of connection portion 341c of lead wire 341 to feeding point 35 = 20 mm
Position of the connecting portion of the lead wire 341 with the stub 333 = 155 mm position directivity adjusting wire 342 = 325 mm from the connecting portion with the stub vertical wire 333 c on the stub upper side horizontal wire 333 a
Distance between directivity adjusting wire 342 and horizontal portion 341a of lead wire 341 = 10 mm
The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、図９～図１１の実線部分のような結果が得られた。 When the broadcast wave at the frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan was received with the antenna of this example created in this way, the results shown by the solid line in FIGS. 9 to 11 were obtained.
　それぞれの図は後述の比較例のアンテナ（実施例１のアンテナで、指向性調整用線条３４２を備えていないアンテナ）の測定結果との比較を示すものであり、図９は、実施例１（実線）と比較例（破線）のそれぞれの８８ＭＨｚ～１０８ＭＨｚの各周波数におけるアンテナ感度の全方位での平均値を示すものである。図１０は、実施例１（実線）と比較例（破線）とのそれぞれの８８ＭＨｚ～１０８ＭＨｚの各周波数におけるアンテナ感度の最小値を示したものである。そして、図１１は、９５ＭＨｚにおけるアンテナ感度に関して実施例１と比較例との指向特性図を示したものである。 Each figure shows the comparison with the measurement result of the antenna of the comparative example described later (the antenna of Example 1 and not including the directivity adjusting wire 342), and FIG. The average values of the antenna sensitivities at all frequencies of 88 MHz to 108 MHz in (solid line) and the comparative example (dashed line) are shown. FIG. 10 shows the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency of 88 MHz to 108 MHz in Example 1 (solid line) and the comparative example (broken line). FIG. 11 shows the directional characteristics of Example 1 and Comparative Example regarding antenna sensitivity at 95 MHz.
　図９を見ると、各周波数において、実施例１と比較例との間で平均感度の差がほとんどないが、図１０を見ると、比較例においては、９５ＭＨｚ前後でアンテナ感度の最小値が極めて小さくなっている。それに対して、実施例１のアンテナ感度の最小値は、９５ＭＨｚ前後において、比較例に対して大幅に改善していることがわかる。 FIG. 9 shows that there is almost no difference in average sensitivity between Example 1 and the comparative example at each frequency. However, in FIG. 10, in the comparative example, the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity is extremely around 95 MHz. It is getting smaller. On the other hand, it can be seen that the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity of Example 1 is significantly improved with respect to the comparative example at around 95 MHz.
　図１１の９５ＭＨｚにおける指向特性図を見ると、比較例で右斜め下に生じている深いディップが、実施例１において大幅に改善されていることがわかる。 Referring to the directional characteristic diagram at 95 MHz in FIG. 11, it can be seen that the deep dip occurring in the diagonally lower right in the comparative example is significantly improved in the first embodiment.
　以上、実施例１において、日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける本発明のアンテナの受信特性について説明したが、本発明を日本国内の７６～９０ＭＨｚで使用する場合には、各エレメントの長さや構成を調整する必要がある。 As described above, the reception characteristics of the antenna of the present invention at the frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan have been described in the first embodiment. However, when the present invention is used at 76 to 90 MHz in Japan, the length of each element The sheath configuration needs to be adjusted.
　＜実施例２＞
　図２は本発明の実施例２に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例２においては、第３のエレメント３３を構成する第３の水平線条３３１とスタブ３３３のスタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂとを接続する接続線条３３２が、スタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂの途中部に接続されている点を除き、実施例１と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 2>
FIG. 2 is a front view of the antenna pattern according to the second embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side. In the second embodiment, the connecting line 332 connecting the third horizontal line 331 constituting the third element 33 and the stub lower side horizontal line 333b of the stub 333 is connected to the middle part of the stub lower side horizontal line 333b. Except for this point, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment thus created receives a broadcast wave at an FM band frequency of 88 to 108 MHz outside of Japan, a directional characteristic without deep dip is obtained as in the first embodiment, which is sufficiently practical. I found out.
　＜実施例３＞
　図３は本発明の実施例３に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例３においては、第３のエレメント３３を構成するスタブ３３３のスタブ上辺水平線条３３３ａとスタブ下辺水平線条３３３ｂとが、それぞれ左端だけではなく、右端もスタブ垂直線条３３３ｃによって接続されている点を除き、実施例２と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 3>
FIG. 3 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side. In the third embodiment, the stub upper horizontal line 333a and the stub lower horizontal line 333b of the stub 333 constituting the third element 33 are connected not only to the left end but also to the right end by the stub vertical line 333c. Except for, the configuration is the same as in the second embodiment.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性が得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
　＜実施例４＞
　図４は本発明の実施例４に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例４においては、第２のエレメント３２を構成する折り返し線条３２２が、第２の水平線条３２１の上部に折り返している点を除き、実施例３と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 4>
FIG. 4 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side. The fourth embodiment has the same configuration as that of the third embodiment except that the folded line 322 constituting the second element 32 is folded on the upper part of the second horizontal line 321.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性が得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
　＜実施例５＞
　図５は本発明の実施例５に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例５においては、第４のエレメント３４を構成する指向性調整用線条３４２の一端が開放されている点を除き、実施例１と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 5>
FIG. 5 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle interior side. The fifth embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that one end of the directivity adjusting wire 342 constituting the fourth element 34 is opened.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性が得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
　＜実施例６＞
　図６は本発明の実施例６に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例６においては、第４のエレメント３４を構成する指向性調整用線条３４２が２本備え、それぞれの指向性調整用線条３４２を引き出し線条のスタブとの接続部分３４１ｂと、引き出し線条３４の給電点３５との接続部分３４１ｃとに接続し、一端は開放している点を除き、実施例１と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 6>
FIG. 6 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention as viewed from the vehicle inner side. In the sixth embodiment, the directivity adjusting wire 342 constituting the fourth element 34 is provided in two, and each directivity adjusting wire 342 is connected to a stub of the lead wire and a lead wire 341b. The structure is the same as that of the first embodiment except that it is connected to the connection portion 341c of the strip 34 to the feeding point 35 and one end is open.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性が得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
　＜実施例７＞
　図７は本発明の実施例７に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。実施例７においては、実施例６において２本備えられている指向性調整用線条３４２のうちの引き出し線条のスタブ３３３との接続部分３４１ｂに接続されていた線条が、引き出し線条の水平部分３４１ａの上部に位置するように引き出し線条の水平部分３４１ａに接続されている点を除き、実施例６と同じ構成となっている。 <Example 7>
FIG. 7 is a front view of an antenna pattern according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention viewed from the vehicle interior side. In Example 7, the wire connected to the connection portion 341b with the stub 333 of the lead wire of the directivity adjusting wire 342 provided in Example 6 is the lead wire of the lead wire. The configuration is the same as that of the sixth embodiment except that it is connected to the horizontal portion 341a of the lead wire so as to be positioned above the horizontal portion 341a.
　本実施例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and an AV line was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本実施例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、実施例１と同様に深いディップのない、指向特性が得られ、十分実用レベルにあることがわかった。 When the antenna of the present embodiment created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside Japan, the directivity characteristics without deep dip are obtained as in the first embodiment, and the practical level is sufficiently high. I found out.
　以上好適な実施の形態について述べたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく種々の応用が考えられるものである。 Although the preferred embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various applications can be considered.
　＜比較例＞
　図８は、比較例に係るアンテナパターンの車内側から見た正面図である。本比較例においては、指向性調整用線条３４２が設けられていない点を除いて、実施例１のアンテナと構成と各線状の長さを同一としている。 <Comparative example>
FIG. 8 is a front view of the antenna pattern according to the comparative example viewed from the vehicle inner side. In this comparative example, the length of each linear shape is the same as that of the antenna of the first embodiment except that the directivity adjusting wire 342 is not provided.
　本比較例のアンテナを、リアガラス１に導電性セラミックペーストによって、各線状の幅を０．７ｍｍとなるように印刷し、乾燥後、加熱炉によって焼付けして、給電点３５にＡＶ線を取り付けた上で、車体に取り付ける。そして、図示しないチューナーから延ばした同軸ケーブルを給電点３５近傍の車体に設けた接地点において、前記同軸ケーブルの外皮導体を接地し、前記同軸ケーブルの芯線側を前記ＡＶ線と接続した。 The antenna of this comparative example was printed on the rear glass 1 with a conductive ceramic paste so that the width of each line was 0.7 mm, dried and baked in a heating furnace, and the AV wire was attached to the feeding point 35. Attach it to the car body. Then, the outer conductor of the coaxial cable was grounded at a ground point where a coaxial cable extending from a tuner (not shown) was provided on the vehicle body near the feeding point 35, and the core wire side of the coaxial cable was connected to the AV line.
　このようにして作成した本比較例のアンテナで日本国外のＦＭ帯域の周波数８８～１０８ＭＨｚにおける放送波を受信したところ、図９の破線に示すような各周波数におけるアンテナ感度の全方位での平均値が得られ、図１０の破線に示すような各周波数におけるアンテナ感度の最小値が得られ、そして図１１に矢印で比較例と示した９５ＭＨｚにおけるアンテナ感度に関する指向特性図が得られた。 When the antenna of this comparative example created in this way receives a broadcast wave at a frequency of 88 to 108 MHz in the FM band outside of Japan, the average value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency as shown by the broken line in FIG. 9 in all directions. As a result, a minimum value of the antenna sensitivity at each frequency as shown by the broken line in FIG. 10 was obtained, and a directional characteristic diagram regarding the antenna sensitivity at 95 MHz indicated by the arrow in FIG. 11 was obtained.
　本比較例においては、図９においては、本発明の実施例１と比較して測定した周波数帯域においてほぼ同じ程度の値が得られているが、図１０において、９５ＭＨｚにおいてアンテナ感度の最小値が大幅に小さくなっている。これは、図１１で示した本比較例の指向特性図において、右斜め下で大きなディップが生じていることによる。 In this comparative example, in FIG. 9, a value of almost the same level is obtained in the frequency band measured as compared with Example 1 of the present invention, but in FIG. 10, the minimum value of the antenna sensitivity is 95 MHz. It is significantly smaller. This is because a large dip is generated obliquely downward to the right in the directional characteristic diagram of this comparative example shown in FIG.
１　リアガラス
２　デフォッガ
２１　バスバ
２２　加熱水平線条
２３　直交線条
３　アンテナ
３１　第１のエレメント
３１１ 第１の水平線条
３１２ 第１の垂直線条
３２　第２のエレメント
３２１　第２の水平線条
３２２　折り返し線条
３２２ａ　折り返し線条の第２の水平線条との接続部
３３　第３のエレメント
３３１　第３の水平線条
３３２ 接続線条
３３３　スタブ
３３３ａ　スタブ用上部水平線条
３３３ｂ　スタブ用下部水平線条
３３３ｃ　スタブの垂直線条
３４　第４のエレメント
３４１ 引き出し線条
３４１ａ　引き出し線条の水平部分
３４１ｂ　引き出し線条のスタブとの接続部分
３４１ｃ　引き出し線条の給電点との接続部分
３４２　指向性調整用線条
３５　給電点 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rear glass 2 Defogger 21 Bus bar 22 Heating horizontal filament 23 Orthogonal filament 3 Antenna 31 1st element 311 1st horizontal filament 312 1st vertical filament 32 2nd element 321 2nd horizontal filament 322 Folding filament 322a Connection part 33 of the folded line with the second horizontal line 33 Third element 331 Third horizontal line 332 Connection line 333 Stub 333a Stub upper horizontal line 333b Stub lower horizontal line 333c Stub vertical line 34 Four elements 341 Lead wire 341a Lead wire horizontal portion 341b Lead wire stub connection portion 341c Lead wire feed point 342 Directivity adjusting wire 35 Feed point

Claims (4)

  1. 　デフォッガを備えたリアガラスの前記デフォッガ上部余白部に配設された車両用ガラスアンテナであり、
    　水平線条に垂直線条の上端を接続したＴ型のエレメントからなる第１のエレメント（３１）と、
    　前記垂直線条に接続され水平に延伸される第２の水平線条を少なくとも１本備える位相調整用の第２のエレメント（３２）と、
    　前記垂直線条の下端に接続され、前記第２のエレメントの水平線条の延伸される方向とは反対側に備えられたインピーダンス整合用の第３のエレメント（３３）と、
    　前記第３のエレメントから引出された引き出し線条（３４１）と、
    　前記引き出し線条の先端に接続された給電点（３５）とからなり、
    　前記第３のエレメント（３３）は、前記垂直線条の下端に接続される第３の水平線条と前記第３の水平線条に接続線条を介して接続されるスタブ（３３３）とからなり、
    　前記スタブ（３３３）は、少なくとも１本のスタブ用水平線条からなり、
    　前記引き出し線条の一端は、前記スタブ用水平線条のうちの最上部の線条に接続されている車両用ガラスアンテナにおいて、
    　前記引き出し線条（３４１）の一箇所又は二箇所に、指向性調整用線条（３４２）の先端を接続し、前記引き出し線条と前記指向性調整用線条とを合わせて指向性調整用の第４のエレメント（３４）としたことを特徴とする車両用ガラスアンテナ。     A glass antenna for a vehicle disposed in a defogger upper margin of a rear glass provided with a defogger;
    A first element (31) composed of a T-shaped element in which the upper end of the vertical line is connected to the horizontal line,
    A second element (32) for phase adjustment comprising at least one second horizontal filament connected to the vertical filament and extending horizontally;
    A third element (33) for impedance matching, connected to the lower end of the vertical line, and provided on the opposite side of the direction in which the horizontal line of the second element is extended;
    A lead wire (341) drawn from the third element;
    A feeding point (35) connected to the leading end of the lead wire,
    The third element (33) includes a third horizontal line connected to the lower end of the vertical line and a stub (333) connected to the third horizontal line via a connection line,
    The stub (333) includes at least one stub horizontal filament,
    In the glass antenna for a vehicle, one end of the lead wire is connected to the uppermost wire of the stub horizontal wire,
    The leading end of the directivity adjusting wire (342) is connected to one or two places of the lead wire (341), and the lead wire and the directivity adjusting wire are combined for directivity adjustment. A glass antenna for a vehicle, wherein the fourth element (34) is provided.
  2. 　前記第４のエレメント（３４）は、前記引き出し線条（３４１）の２箇所に、前記指向性調整用線条（３４２）の両端を接続し、ループエレメントを備えたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用ガラスアンテナ。 The fourth element (34) is characterized in that both ends of the directivity adjusting wire (342) are connected to two locations of the lead wire (341), and a loop element is provided. 2. The glass antenna for a vehicle according to 1.
  3. 　前記引き出し線条（３４１）に、指向性調整用線条（３４２）を複数本接続し、第４のエレメント（３４）としたことを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の車両用ガラスアンテナ。 3. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of directivity adjusting wires (342) are connected to the lead wire (341) to form a fourth element (34). Glass antenna.
  4. 　複数本の互いに平行な加熱水平線条から構成されており、前記複数本の加熱水平線条に垂直となる直交線条を接続したデフォッガに、請求項１乃至３のいずれかに記載の車両用ガラスアンテナを配設させたことを特徴とするリアガラス。 4. The glass antenna for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the glass antenna for a vehicle according to claim 1 is composed of a plurality of heating horizontal filaments parallel to each other, and a defogger connected with orthogonal filaments perpendicular to the plurality of heating horizontal filaments. 5. A rear glass, characterized by comprising:
PCT/JP2012/058920 2011-04-07 2012-04-02 Glass antenna for vehicle WO2012137729A1 (en)

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JPH09181515A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-07-11 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for automobile
JPH1174714A (en) * 1997-06-16 1999-03-16 Asahi Glass Co Ltd High-frequency glass antenna for automobile
JP2010109958A (en) * 2008-10-02 2010-05-13 Central Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for vehicle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108428996A (en) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-21 旭硝子株式会社 Window glass for vehicle

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JP2012222539A (en) 2012-11-12

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