WO2012136705A1 - Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'au moins une terre rare autre que le cerium et de silicium, procedes de preparation et utilisation en catalyse - Google Patents
Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'au moins une terre rare autre que le cerium et de silicium, procedes de preparation et utilisation en catalyse Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012136705A1 WO2012136705A1 PCT/EP2012/056165 EP2012056165W WO2012136705A1 WO 2012136705 A1 WO2012136705 A1 WO 2012136705A1 EP 2012056165 W EP2012056165 W EP 2012056165W WO 2012136705 A1 WO2012136705 A1 WO 2012136705A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition based on zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, at least one oxide of a rare earth other than cerium and silicon oxide, its methods of preparation and its use in catalysis.
- multifunctional catalysts are used for the treatment of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines (automotive post-combustion catalysis).
- Multifunctional means catalysts capable of operating not only the oxidation in particular of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons present in the exhaust gas but also the reduction in particular nitrogen oxides also present in these gases (catalysts "three ways").
- Zirconium oxide and ceria appear today as two particularly important and interesting components for this type of catalyst.
- a quality required for these materials is their reducibility.
- Reducibility means, here and for the remainder of the description, the cerium IV content in these materials may be converted into cerium III under the effect of a reducing atmosphere and at a given temperature. This reducibility can be measured for example by a consumption of hydrogen in a given temperature range. It is due to cerium, which has the property of being reduced or oxidized. This reducibility must, of course, be as high as possible.
- the object of the invention is to provide a product which has satisfactory reducibility properties in a temperature range which remains rather high.
- the composition according to the invention is based on zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and at least one oxide of a rare earth other than cerium, in a proportion by mass of zirconium oxide. at least 5% and cerium oxide of at most 90%, and it is characterized in that it further comprises silicon oxide in a mass amount of between 0.1% and 2%.
- specific surface means the specific surface B.E.T. determined by nitrogen adsorption according to ASTM D 3663-78 established from the BRUNAUER-EMMETT-TELLER method described in the journal "The Journal of the American Chemical Society, 60, 309 (1938)".
- rare earth is understood to mean the elements of the group consisting of yttrium and the elements of the Periodic Table with an atomic number inclusive of between 57 and 71.
- calcinations for a given temperature and duration correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to calcinations under air at a temperature level over the time indicated.
- the cerium oxide is in the form of ceric oxide, the oxides of the other rare earths in Ln 2 03 form, Ln denoting the rare earth, with the exception of praseodymium expressed as Pr 6 On.
- compositions according to the invention are characterized first of all by the nature of their constituents.
- compositions of the invention are based on zirconium oxide and cerium oxide and they also comprise at least one oxide of at least one other rare earth which is different from cerium and silicon oxide. (S1O2).
- compositions comprise at least two rare earth oxides other than cerium.
- the rare earth (s) other than cerium may be more particularly chosen from yttrium, lanthanum, neodymium, praseodymium or gadolinium. There may be mentioned more particularly the compositions based on oxides of zirconium, cerium, praseodymium and lanthanum or based on oxides of zirconium, cerium, yttrium, neodymium and lanthanum.
- the amount of silicon oxide in the compositions of the invention is between 0.1% and 2%. Below 0.1%, the presence of silicon no longer plays a role in the properties of the compositions and beyond 2% the specific surface of the compositions may not be sufficiently stable at elevated temperature for uses in the field of catalysis.
- This amount of silicon oxide may be more particularly between 0.1% and 1% and even more particularly between 0.1% and 0.6%.
- this amount may be between 0.2% and 0.5%.
- the cerium oxide content is at most 90% and more particularly at most 60%.
- the minimum amount of cerium is not critical. Preferably, however, it is at least 0.1% and more preferably at least 1% and even more preferably at least 5%.
- this content may be between 5% and 20% or between 30% and 60%.
- the amount of cerium may be at least 70%.
- the oxide content of the rare earth (s) other than cerium is generally at most 30%, more particularly at most 25% and at least 4%, preferably at least 5%, and especially at least 10%. It can be in particular between 5% and 25% and even more particularly between 5% and 20%.
- the zirconium oxide content may be more particularly between 15% and 65% or between 60% and 90%.
- the compositions of the invention consist essentially of zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, silicon oxide and one or more oxides of a rare earth other than cerium in the proportions given above.
- consists essentially is meant that apart from the usual impurities that can come from its process of preparation, for example raw materials or starting reagents used, the composition does not contain other elements that may have an influence on its specific surface characteristics or reducibility.
- compositions of the invention have important specific surfaces even after calcination at elevated temperature.
- compositions of the invention may also have a specific surface area after calcination for 4 hours at 1100 ° C. of at least 10 m 2 / g, this area possibly being even at least 15 m 2 / g. Surface values up to about 21 m 2 / g or 24 m 2 / g can be achieved under these same calcination conditions.
- compositions of the invention may be in the form of pure solid solutions of the elements zirconium, cerium, rare earth (s) other than cerium and silicon in the cerium oxide or zirconium in function respective contents of these two elements.
- the X-ray diffraction patterns of these compositions reveal the existence of a single phase corresponding to that of a zirconium oxide (for compositions with a higher zirconium content) or cerium (for compositions with higher cerium content), crystallized in the cubic or quadratic system, thus reflecting the incorporation of elements zirconium, cerium, rare earths other than cerium, and silicon in the crystal lattice of cerium or zirconium oxide, and therefore obtaining a true solid solution.
- solid solution applies to compositions which have been calcined at a temperature as high as 1100 ° C and for 4 hours. This means that after calcination under these conditions no demixing is observed, that is to say the appearance of other phases.
- compositions of the invention are oxygen storage capacity (OSC).
- the OSC values that are given correspond to capacitances measured between 400 ° C. and 500 ° C.
- compositions of the invention have indeed a high OSC at high temperatures, that is to say up to 1000 ° C which makes these compositions usable in applications in catalysis at least up to this temperature.
- This capacity depends on the amount of cerium in the compositions.
- this OSC is at least 0, 20 ml of O 2 / g. It may be more particularly at least 0.25 ml of O2 g. Values up to about 0.4 ml of O 2 g can be obtained.
- this OSC is at least 0.6 ml O 2 g, more particularly 'at minus 0.7 ml 02 g. Values up to about 0.95 ml of 02 g can be obtained.
- compositions of the invention exhibit a significant decrease in their OSC and, more generally, their reducibility property at higher temperature, that is to say from 1200 ° C.
- OSC the ratio in% (OSC after calcination for 4 hours at 1000 ° C. - OSC after calcination at 1200 ° C.) / OSC after calcination for 4 hours at 1000 ° C) of at least 80%, more particularly at least 90%.
- this OSC is at most 0.1 ml of O 2 / g, more particularly at most 0, 05 of 02 g and even more particularly this value can be null.
- cerium oxide contents which are between 30% and 40%
- this OSC is at most 0, 15 ml of O 2 g, more particularly at most 0, 10 O 2 / g.
- OSC on-board diagnostic systems
- compositions of the invention are their reducibility. This reducibility is determined by measuring their ability to capture hydrogen as a function of temperature. This measurement also determines a maximum reducibility temperature (Tmax) which corresponds to the temperature at which hydrogen uptake is maximal and in which, in other words, the reduction of cerium IV to cerium III is also maximal.
- Tmax maximum reducibility temperature
- compositions of the invention have the characteristic of having a large variation in their Tmax between 1000 ° C. and 1200 ° C. More precisely, these compositions may, after calcination for 4 hours at 1000 ° C. and then calcination for 10 hours at 1200 ° C., a displacement or an increase in their maximum reducibility temperature with an amplitude of at least 150 ° C., more particularly at least 170 ° C and even more preferably at least 200 ° C.
- the Tmax of the compositions of the invention is between 550 ° C and 580 ° C after calcination at 4 hours 1000 ° C and is between 750 ° C and 850 ° C after calcination at 10 hours 1200 ° C.
- the methods for preparing the compositions of the invention will now be described.
- the invention relates to a method which comprises the following steps:
- the first step (a1) of the process therefore consists in preparing a mixture of the compounds of the constituent elements of the composition that is to be prepared.
- the mixture is generally in a liquid medium which is water preferably.
- the compounds are preferably soluble compounds. It can be in particular salts of zirconium, cerium and rare earth. These compounds can be chosen from nitrates, sulphates, acetates, chlorides, ceric nitrate or cerium-ammoniacal nitrate.
- zirconium sulphate zirconyl nitrate or zirconyl chloride.
- the zirconyl sulphate can come from the solution of crystallized zirconyl sulphate. It may also have been obtained by dissolving basic zirconium sulphate with sulfuric acid, or else by dissolving zirconium hydroxide with sulfuric acid. In the same way, the zirconyl nitrate can come from the solution solution of crystallized zirconyl nitrate or it may have been obtained by dissolution of basic zirconium carbonate or by dissolution of zirconium hydroxide with nitric acid .
- zirconium compound in the form of a combination or a mixture of the aforementioned salts.
- the combination of zirconium nitrate with zirconium sulphate or the combination of zirconium sulphate with sodium chloride may be mentioned.
- zirconyl zirconyl.
- the respective proportions of the various salts can vary to a large extent, from 90/10 up to 10/90, for example, these proportions designating the contribution of each of the salts in grams of total zirconium oxide.
- oxidizing agent for example hydrogen peroxide.
- This oxidizing agent can be used by being added to the reaction medium during step (a1), during step (b1) or at the beginning of step (c1).
- sol as starting compound of zirconium or cerium.
- sol any system consisting of fine solid particles of colloidal dimensions, ie dimensions of between about 1 nm and about 200 nm, based on a compound of zirconium or cerium, this compound being generally an oxide and or a hydrated oxide of zirconium or cerium, in suspension in an aqueous liquid phase.
- the soils or colloidal dispersions used can be stabilized by the addition of stabilizing ions.
- colloidal dispersions can be obtained by any means known to those skilled in the art.
- Partially means that the amount of acid used in the attack reaction of the precursor is less than the amount required for the total dissolution of the precursor.
- the colloidal dispersions can also be obtained by hydrothermal treatment of solutions of zirconium or cerium precursors.
- silicon compounds it is possible to use siliconates or else alkali or quaternary ammonium silicates.
- siliconates mention may be made more particularly of alkylsiliconates of alkalis, such as, for example, potassium methylsiliconate and for alkali silicates and sodium silicate.
- the quaternary ammonium ion of the silicates which can be used according to the invention has hydrocarbon radicals preferably having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- at least one silicate chosen from: tetramethylammonium silicate, tetraethylammonium silicate, tetrapropylammonium silicate and tetrahydroxyethylammonium silicate (or tetraethanolammonium silicate) is preferably used.
- tetramethylammonium silicate is described in YUI Smolin "Structure The tetraethanolammonium silicate is especially described in Helmut H. Weldes, K.
- the mixture of step (a1) may be indifferently obtained either from compounds initially in the solid state that will be introduced later in a water tank for example, or even directly from solutions. or suspensions of these compounds and then mixing, in any order, said solutions or suspensions.
- the compounds of zirconium, cerium, rare earths other than cerium and silicon are present in the necessary stoichiometric quantities.
- said mixture is brought into contact with a basic compound to react.
- Hydroxide products can be used as base or basic compound. Mention may be made of alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides. It is also possible to use secondary, tertiary or quaternary amines. However, amines and ammonia may be preferred in that they reduce the risk of pollution by alkaline or alkaline earth cations. We can also mention urea.
- the basic compound may more particularly be used in the form of a solution. Finally, it can be used with a stoichiometric excess to ensure optimal precipitation.
- This placing in presence is generally under agitation. It can be carried out in any manner, for example by the addition of a previously formed mixture of the compounds of the aforementioned elements in the basic compound in the form of a solution. At the end of this step (b1), a precipitate is obtained.
- the next step (c1) of the process is the step of heating this precipitate in a liquid medium. It may be noted that at the beginning of this step the pH of this medium is basic and that it is generally at least 8.
- This heating can be carried out directly on the reaction medium obtained at the end of step (b1) or on a suspension obtained after separation of the precipitate from the reaction medium, optional washing and return to water of the precipitate.
- the temperature at which the medium is heated is at least 100 ° C and even more preferably at least 110 ° C. She may be for example between 100 ° C and 160 ° C.
- the heating operation can be conducted by introducing the liquid medium into a closed chamber (autoclave type closed reactor). Under the conditions of the temperatures given above, and in aqueous medium, it is thus possible to specify, by way of illustration, that the pressure in the closed reactor can vary between a value greater than 1 bar (10 5 Pa) and 165 bar (1 bar). , 65. 10 7 Pa), preferably between 5 Bar (5 ⁇ 10 5 Pa) and 165 Bar (1, 65. 10 7 Pa). It is also possible to carry out heating in an open reactor for temperatures close to 100 ° C.
- the heating may be conducted either in air or in an atmosphere of inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
- the duration of the heating can vary within wide limits, for example between 30 minutes and 48 hours, preferably between 2 and 24 hours.
- the rise in temperature is carried out at a speed which is not critical, and it is thus possible to reach the reaction temperature set by heating the medium for example between 30 minutes and 4 hours, these values being given for all purposes. indicative fact.
- the precipitate obtained after the heating step can be resuspended in water and possibly a washing and then another heating of the medium thus obtained. This other heating is done under the same conditions as those described for the first.
- the next step (d1) of the process consists in adding to the precipitate from the preceding step an additive which is chosen from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycols and carboxylic acids and their salts and surfactants. ethoxylates of carboxymethylated fatty alcohols.
- ethoxycarboxylates ethoxylated fatty acids
- sarcosinates phosphate esters
- sulphates such as alcohol sulphates, ether alcohol sulphates and sulphated alkanolamide ethoxylates
- sulphonates such as sulphosuccinates.
- alkyl benzene or alkyl naphthalene sulfonates are examples of surfactants of the anionic type, of ethoxycarboxylates, ethoxylated fatty acids, sarcosinates, phosphate esters, sulphates such as alcohol sulphates, ether alcohol sulphates and sulphated alkanolamide ethoxylates, sulphonates such as sulphosuccinates.
- alkyl benzene or alkyl naphthalene sulfonates are examples of surfactants of the anionic type, of ethoxycar
- nonionic surfactants there may be mentioned acetylenic surfactants, alcohol ethoxylates, alkanolamides, amine oxides, ethoxylated alkanolamides, long chain ethoxylated amines, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers, derivatives thereof.
- acetylenic surfactants alcohol ethoxylates, alkanolamides, amine oxides, ethoxylated alkanolamides, long chain ethoxylated amines, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymers, derivatives thereof.
- sorbiatan ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyglyceryl esters and their ethoxylated derivatives, alkylamines, alkylimidazolines, ethoxylated oils and alkylphenol ethoxylates.
- these include in particular the products sold under the trademark IGEPAL ®, DOWANOL ®
- carboxylic acids it is possible to use, in particular, aliphatic mono- or dicarboxylic acids and, among these, more particularly saturated acids. It is also possible to use fatty acids and more particularly saturated fatty acids. These include formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric, caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic and palmitic acids.
- dicarboxylic acids there may be mentioned oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid.
- the salts of the carboxylic acids can also be used, especially the ammoniacal salts.
- lauric acid and ammonium laurate there may be mentioned more particularly lauric acid and ammonium laurate.
- a surfactant which is chosen from those of the type ethoxylates of carboxymethylated fatty alcohols.
- carboxymethyl alcohol fatty alcohol ethoxylates product is meant products consisting of ethoxylated or propoxylated fatty alcohols having at the end of the chain a CH 2 -COOH group.
- R 1 denotes a carbon chain, saturated or unsaturated, the length of which is generally at most 22 carbon atoms, preferably at least 12 carbon atoms;
- R 2 , R 3, R 4 and R 5 may be identical and represent hydrogen or R 2 may represent a CH 3 group and R 3 , R 4 and R 5 represent hydrogen;
- n is a non-zero integer of up to 50 and more particularly between 5 and 15, these values being included.
- a surfactant may consist of a mixture of products of the above formula for which R 1 may be saturated and unsaturated respectively or products comprising both -CH 2 -CH 2 -O groups. and -C (CH 3 ) -CH 2 -O-.
- the addition of the surfactant can be done in two ways. It can be added directly to the precipitate suspension resulting from the previous heating step (c1). It may also be added to the solid precipitate after separation thereof by any known means from the medium in which the heating took place.
- the amount of surfactant used expressed as a percentage by mass of additive relative to the weight of the composition calculated as oxide, is generally between 5% and 100%, more particularly between 15% and 60%.
- the precipitate is washed after having separated it from the medium in which it was in suspension.
- This washing can be done with water, preferably with water at basic pH, for example ammonia water.
- the precipitate recovered is then calcined.
- This calcination makes it possible to develop the crystallinity of the product formed and it can also be adjusted and / or chosen as a function of the temperature of subsequent use reserved for the composition according to the invention, and this taking into account the fact that the specific surface of the product is even lower than the calcination temperature used is higher.
- Such calcination is generally carried out under air, but a calcination carried out for example under inert gas or under a controlled atmosphere (oxidizing or reducing) is obviously not excluded.
- the calcination temperature is generally limited to a range of values between 500 and 900 ° C., more particularly between 700 ° C. and 800 ° C.
- compositions of the invention may be implemented according to a second embodiment.
- the process comprises the following first three steps: (a2) a mixture is formed comprising compounds of zirconium, cerium and rare earths other than cerium;
- steps (a2), (b2) and (c2) of this second mode are respectively identical to the steps (a1), (b1) and (c1) described for the first mode.
- the only difference is that the starting mixture of step (a1) does not comprise a silicon compound, this compound being added later.
- steps (a1), (b1) and (c1) likewise applies to steps (a2), (b2) and (c2).
- the method according to the second mode then comprises a step (d2) in which a compound obtained in the preceding step (c2) is added to the precipitate silicon, in the necessary stoichiometric quantities.
- This silicon compound is of the same type as that described above.
- the method finally comprises two other steps, a step (e2) in which is added to the product obtained in the preceding step an additive of the same type as that used in step (d1) of the method according to the first embodiment and a step ( f2) in which the product thus obtained is calcined.
- steps (e2) and (f2) are the same as those given for steps (d1) and (e1) of the first method.
- compositions of the invention may be prepared by a process which comprises the following steps:
- step (c3) is added to the precipitate obtained in the preceding step a silicon compound if it was not present in step (a3);
- additives selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycols, carboxylic acids and their salts and ethoxylates type surfactants of carboxymethylated fatty alcohols;
- Step (a3) of this third mode is similar to step (a1) described above. It should be noted, however, that the silicon compound may or may not be present in this step.
- the method according to the third mode does not implement basic compound. It comprises a step (b3) of heating the mixture prepared in the preceding step, this heating being done in a liquid medium, this medium being acidic starting from step (b3) for example at a pH below 4.
- the temperature at which this heat treatment, also called thermohydrolysis, is conducted is at least 100 ° C. It can thus be between 100 ° C. and the critical temperature of the reaction medium, in particular between 100 and 350 ° C., preferably between 100 and 200 ° C.
- the heating operation can be carried out by introducing the liquid medium into a closed chamber (closed reactor of the autoclave type), the pressure necessary, resulting only from the mere heating of the reaction medium
- the pressure in the closed reactor can vary between a value greater than 1 bar (10 5 Pa) and 165 bar (1 bar). , 65. 10 7 Pa), preferably between 5 Bar (5 ⁇ 10 5 Pa) and 165 Bar (1, 65. 10 July
- the heating may be conducted either in air or in an atmosphere of inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
- the duration of the treatment is not critical, and can thus vary within wide limits, for example between 30 minutes and 48 hours, preferably between 1 and 5 hours.
- the rise in temperature is carried out at a speed which is not critical, and it is thus possible to reach the reaction temperature set by heating the medium for example between 30 minutes and 4 hours, these values being given for all purposes. indicative fact.
- the next step (c3) consists in adding to the precipitate thus obtained the silicon compound in the case where it was not introduced during the step
- Steps (d3) and (e3) are identical to steps (d1) and (c1) described above.
- the method according to the latter mode comprises the following steps:
- step (b4) is brought, with stirring, said mixture with a basic compound;
- step (c4) the medium obtained in the preceding step is brought into contact, with stirring, with either the rare earth compound (s) other than cerium if this or these compounds were not present in step (a4) the remaining amount required of said one or more compounds, the stirring energy used in step (c4) being less than that used in step (b4), whereby a precipitate is obtained;
- Steps (a4) and (b4) of this method are quite similar to steps (a1) and (b1) of the first mode, and what has been described about them therefore applies likewise here.
- the difference lies in the fact that the mixture formed in step (a4) does not comprise, as regards the constituent elements of the composition, that is to say zirconium, cerium, silicon and other (s) earth ( s) rare, that the compounds of zirconium, cerium and silicon in a first variant.
- the mixture formed in step (a4) comprises, in addition to the compounds of zirconium, cerium and silicon, the compound (s) of the other rare earths other than cerium but in an amount which is less than the total amount stoichiometric required of this or these compounds of other rare earths to obtain the desired composition.
- This quantity may be more particularly at most equal to half of the total amount.
- this second variant must be understood as covering the case, for the compositions based on oxides of zirconium, cerium, silicon and at least two other rare earths, where in step (a4) the The total required amount of the compound of at least one of the rare earths is present at this stage and it is only for at least one of the remaining rare earths that the amount of the compound of this other rare earth is less than the amount required. It is also possible that the compound of this other rare earth is absent at this stage (a4).
- the next step (c4) of the process consists in bringing the medium resulting from the preceding step (b4) into contact with the rare earth compounds other than cerium.
- the starting mixture formed in step (a4) does not comprise, as As components of the composition, such as zirconium, cerium and silicon compounds, these compounds are therefore introduced for the first time in the process and in the total required stoichiometric amount of these other rare earths.
- the mixture formed in step (a4) already comprises compounds of the other rare earths other than cerium, it is therefore the necessary remaining quantity of these compounds or, possibly, the quantity required compound of a rare earth compound if this compound was not present in step (a4).
- This bringing into association may be carried out in any manner, for example by the addition of a previously formed mixture of rare earth compounds other than cerium in the mixture obtained at the end of step (b4). It is also agitated but under conditions such that the stirring energy used during this step (c4) is less than that used in step (b4). More precisely, the energy used during step (c4) is at least 20% less than that of step (b4) and may more particularly be less than 40% and even more particularly less than 50%. of it.
- step (c4) a precipitate is obtained in suspension in the reaction medium.
- the method according to the fourth embodiment makes it possible to obtain products whose stability of the specific surface is improved.
- compositions of the invention as described above or as obtained by the preparation methods described above are in the form of powders but they may optionally be shaped to be in the form of granules, beads, cylinders or nests bee of varying sizes.
- compositions may be used with any material usually employed in the field of the catalyst system, ie in particular thermally inert materials.
- This material may be chosen from alumina, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, silica, spinels, zeolites, silicates, crystalline silicoaluminium phosphates, phosphates of crystalline aluminum.
- compositions may also be used in catalytic systems comprising a coating (wash coat) with catalytic properties and based on these compositions with a material of the type mentioned above, the coating being deposited on a substrate of the type for example metal monolith, for example FerCralloy, or ceramic, for example cordierite, silicon carbide, alumina titanate or mullite.
- a coating wash coat
- ceramic for example cordierite, silicon carbide, alumina titanate or mullite.
- This coating is obtained by mixing the composition with the material so as to form a suspension which can then be deposited on the substrate.
- the catalytic systems and compositions of the invention can finally be used as NOx traps or to promote the reduction of NOx even in an oxidizing medium.
- the compositions of the invention are used in combination with precious metals, they thus play the role of support for these metals.
- the nature of these metals and the techniques for incorporating them into the support compositions are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the metals may be platinum, rhodium, palladium or iridium, they may in particular be incorporated into the compositions by impregnation.
- the treatment of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines is a particularly advantageous application insofar as the compositions of the invention exhibit a high CSO at temperatures of at least up to at 1000 ° C.
- the invention also relates to a method for treating the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, which is characterized in that a catalytic system as described above or a composition according to the invention is used as catalyst. invention and as previously described. A more particular use of the composition of the invention will be described below.
- the composition of the invention can act as a control.
- the invention also relates to an on-board diagnostic system which contains only a composition according to the invention or which is based on such a composition.
- This system further comprises means, known per se, for measuring the OSC of the composition.
- the invention also relates to an on-board diagnostic system as described above but which contains, as a first composition, a composition according to the invention and, in addition, a second composition which exhibits a variation of its measured OSC on the one hand after calcination for 4 hours at 1000 ° C. and, on the other hand, 10 hours at 1150 ° C., more particularly at 1200 ° C., significantly less than the OSC variation of a composition according to the invention after calcination in the same conditions.
- this second composition may have, after calcination for 10 hours at 1150 ° C., more particularly at 1200 ° C., an OSC at least twice greater than that of the composition according to the invention after calcination under the same conditions.
- compositions are known, and may be mentioned in particular those described in patent applications EP 2288426, EP 2024084, EP 1991354, EP 1660406 or EP 0906244.
- This measurement is carried out by performing a temperature reduction programmed on an AUTOCHEM II 2920.
- This apparatus makes it possible to measure the hydrogen consumption of a composition according to the invention as a function of the temperature and to deduce the reduction rate therefrom. cerium or the amount of oxygen labile or stored oxygen because this amount corresponds to half the hydrogen consumption.
- This measurement is made on samples which have been calcined beforehand for 4 hours at 1000 ° C. or 10 hours at 1200 ° C. as the case may be.
- the measurement is made using hydrogen diluted to 10% by volume in argon with a flow rate of 30 ml / min.
- the experimental protocol consists in weighing 200 mg of the sample in a previously tared container. The sample is then introduced into a quartz cell containing in the bottom of the quartz wool. The sample is finally covered with quartz wool and positioned in the oven of the measuring device. A rise in temperature is carried out up to 900 ° C. with a ramp up to 10 ° C./min under H 2 at 10% vol in Ar.
- the consumption of hydrogen is calculated from the missing surface of the hydrogen signal between 400 ° C and 500 ° C.
- the measurement is made with the same device and under the same conditions as those given above.
- Hydrogen capture is calculated from the missing surface of the baseline hydrogen signal at room temperature at baseline at 900 ° C.
- the maximum temperature of reducibility (temperature at which the capture of hydrogen is maximum and where, in other words, the reduction of cerium IV cerium III is also maximum and which corresponds to maximum lability O2 of the composition) is measured using a thermocouple placed in the center of the sample.
- This example relates to a composition with 44.875% of zirconium
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- the solution obtained is placed in a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a stirrer.
- the temperature of the medium is brought to 1 15 ° C for 35 minutes with stirring.
- the suspension is then filtered on Buchner, and then the filtered precipitate is washed with ammonia water.
- the product obtained is then heated to 700 ° C. for 4 hours in stages.
- This example relates to a composition containing 44.10% of zirconium, 44.10% of cerium, 4.9% of lanthanum, 4.9% of praseodymium and 2% of silica, these proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of the ZrO 2 oxides. , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Pr 6 On and SiO 2 .
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example relates to a composition containing 44.875% of zirconium, 44.875% of cerium, 4.875% of lanthanum, 4.875% of praseodymium and 0.5% of silica, these proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of the oxides Zr0 2 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Pr 6 On and Si0 2 .
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example concerns a composition containing 74.9% of zirconium, 9.9% of cerium, 1.9% of lanthanum, 7.9% of yttrium, 4.9% of neodymium and 0.5% of silica. proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 and SiO 2 oxides
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example illustrates the preparation of a composition according to the invention by a method according to the fourth embodiment.
- composition containing 74.9% of zirconium, 9.9% of cerium, 1.9% of lanthanum, 7.9% of yttrium, 4.9% of neodymium and 0.5% of silica, these proportions being expressed as a weight percentage of ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 and SiO 2 oxides.
- Two nitrate solutions are prepared beforehand, one consisting of cerium and zirconium nitrates and the other consisting of nitrates of lanthanum, yttrium and neodymium.
- the two solutions previously prepared are stirred constantly.
- the first solution of nitrates of cerium and zirconium is introduced into the stirred reactor at a speed of 500 rpm, the second nitrate solution is then introduced and stirring is set at 250 rpm.
- the solution obtained is placed in a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a stirrer.
- This example concerns a composition with a high cerium content.
- the properties are as follows: 9.95% of zirconium, 79.6% of cerium, 2.985% of lanthanum, 6.965% of praseodymium and 0.5% of silica, these proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of the ZrO 2 , CeO oxides. 2 , La 2 O 3 , Pr 6 On and SiO 2 .
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example relates to a composition containing 45% of zirconium, 45% of cerium, 5% of lanthanum and 5% of praseodymium, these proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of the oxides ZrO 2, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and Pr 6 On.
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example relates to a composition containing 75% zirconium, 10% cerium, 2% lanthanum 8% yttrium, 5% neodymium, these proportions being expressed as a percentage by weight of the oxides ZrO 2 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3, Y 2 O 3 and Nd 2 O 3 .
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- This example relates to a composition containing 10% zirconium, 80% cerium, 3% lanthanum and 7% praseodymium, these proportions being expressed in percentages by weight of the oxides ⁇ 2 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and Pr 6 On.
- the nitrate solution is introduced into the reactor with constant stirring.
- the temperatures in columns Tmax and OSC are the temperatures at which the Tmax and OSC values were measured for 4 hours (1000 ° C) or 10 hours (1200 ° C).
- the variation of OSC is the decrease of OSC measured on products calcined at 1000 ° C or at 1200 ° C.
- the comparative products see their Tmax vary in an amplitude of about 100 ° C between those calcined at 1000 ° C. and those calcined at 1200 ° C. whereas for the products of the invention this amplitude is at least about 170 ° C and may be greater than 200 ° C.
- the variation of the OSC is about 60% for the comparative products while it is at least 80% for the products of the invention.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2014503132A JP2014515698A (ja) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | ジルコニウム、セリウム、セリウム以外の少なくとも1種の希土類、及びケイ素の酸化物を基材とする組成物、その製造方法並びに触媒におけるその使用 |
EP12713951.7A EP2694204A1 (fr) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'au moins une terre rare autre que le cerium et de silicium, procedes de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
CN201280020223.3A CN103492067A (zh) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | 基于锆的、铈的、至少一种除铈之外的稀土金属的以及硅的氧化物的组合物、制备方法及在催化中的用途 |
RU2013149805/04A RU2013149805A (ru) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | Композиция на основе оксидов циркония, церия, по меньшей мере одного редкоземельного металла, отличного от церия, и кремния, способы получения и применение в катализе |
KR1020137029290A KR20140023965A (ko) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | 지르코늄 산화물, 세륨 산화물, 세륨 외 적어도 1종의 희토류의 산화물 및 규소 산화물을 기재로 한 조성물, 그 제조 방법 및 촉매작용에서의 그의 용도 |
US14/110,374 US20140044628A1 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | Composition based on oxides of zirconium, of cerium, of at least one rare earth other than cerium and of silicon, preparation processes and use in catalysis |
CA2831173A CA2831173A1 (fr) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | Composition based on oxides of zirconium, of cerium, of at least one rare earth other than cerium and of silicon, preparation processes and use in catalysis |
ZA2013/07341A ZA201307341B (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2013-10-01 | Composition based on oxides of zirconium, of cerium, of at least one rare earth other than cerium and of silicon, preparation processes and use in catalysis |
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FR11/01092 | 2011-04-08 | ||
FR1101092A FR2973793A1 (fr) | 2011-04-08 | 2011-04-08 | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'au moins une terre rare autre que le cerium et de silicium, procedes de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
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PCT/EP2012/056165 WO2012136705A1 (fr) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-04-04 | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'au moins une terre rare autre que le cerium et de silicium, procedes de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
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US (1) | US20140044628A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2694204A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2014515698A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20140023965A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103492067A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2831173A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2973793A1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2013149805A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012136705A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA201307341B (fr) |
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FR2999560A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-20 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Poudre de cristallites |
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CN103816886B (zh) * | 2014-01-27 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏几维环境科技有限公司 | 一种大比表面稀土储氧材料的制备方法 |
CN105983403B (zh) * | 2015-02-09 | 2019-01-01 | 有研稀土新材料股份有限公司 | 一种铈锆复合氧化物、其制备方法及催化剂的应用 |
WO2017053393A1 (fr) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-30 | Basf Corporation | Système catalytique tolérant le soufre |
JP6802524B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-12-16 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | メタン化触媒担体、それを用いたメタン化触媒及びメタンの製造方法 |
KR20200104401A (ko) * | 2018-01-08 | 2020-09-03 | 패서픽 인더스트리얼 디벨럽먼트 코퍼레이션 | 세리아-지르코니아-산소 저장 물질을 포함하는 촉매 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR102579184B1 (ko) * | 2018-09-13 | 2023-09-18 | 스미토모 오사카 세멘토 가부시키가이샤 | 방오 피막, 유리 세라믹스 제품, 방오 피막 형성용 도료, 유리 세라믹스 제품의 제조 방법 |
CN109569566A (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-05 | 华微科技(苏州)有限公司 | 铈锆铝复合储氧材料及其制备方法 |
CN111547766B (zh) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-09-06 | 山东国瓷功能材料股份有限公司 | 复合氧化锆材料及其制备方法 |
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WO1998045212A1 (fr) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-15 | Rhodia Rare Earths Inc. | OXYDES DE CERIUM, OXYDES DE ZIRCONIUM, OXYDES MIXTES Ce/Zr ET SOLUTIONS SOLIDES Ce/Zr PRESENTANT UNE STABILITE THERMIQUE ET UNE CAPACITE DE STOCKAGE D'OXYGENE AMELIOREES |
EP0906244A1 (fr) | 1996-05-15 | 1999-04-07 | Rhodia Chimie | Composition a base d'oxyde de cerium et d'oxyde de zirconium, procede de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
EP1660406A2 (fr) | 2003-09-04 | 2006-05-31 | Rhodia Electronics and Catalysis | Composition a base d oxyde de cerium et d oxyde de zirconium a conductibilite et surface elevees, procedes de preparation et utilisation comme catalyseur |
WO2008046920A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Rhodia Operations | Composition a acidite elevee a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de silicium et d'au moins un autre element choisi parmi le titane, l'aluminium, le tungstene, le molybdene, le cerium, le fer, l'etain, le zinc et le manganese |
EP1991354A1 (fr) | 2006-02-17 | 2008-11-19 | Rhodia Recherches et Technologies | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, d'yttrium, de lanthane et d'une autre terre rare, procede de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
EP2024084A1 (fr) | 2006-05-15 | 2009-02-18 | Rhodia Recherches et Technologies | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, de lanthane et d'yttrium, de gadolinium ou de samarium, a surface specifique et reductibilite elevees, procede de preparation et utilisation comme catalyseur |
FR2925485A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-26 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit en matiere ceramique fondue, procede de fabrication et utilisations. |
WO2010044079A2 (fr) * | 2008-10-17 | 2010-04-22 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Produit en matière céramique fondue |
EP2288426A2 (fr) | 2008-04-23 | 2011-03-02 | Rhodia Opérations | Compositions catalytiques à base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium et d'yttrium et leurs utilisations pour les traitement des gaz d'échappement. |
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US6133194A (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 2000-10-17 | Rhodia Rare Earths Inc. | Cerium oxides, zirconium oxides, Ce/Zr mixed oxides and Ce/Zr solid solutions having improved thermal stability and oxygen storage capacity |
FR2852596B1 (fr) * | 2003-03-18 | 2007-02-23 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Composition a base d'oxydes de cerium et de zirconium a surface specifique stable entre 900 c et 1000 c, son procede de preparation et son utilisation comme catalyseur |
FR2852592B1 (fr) * | 2003-03-18 | 2007-02-23 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Compositions a base d'un oxyde de cerium, d'un oxyde de zirconium et, eventuellement d'un oxyde d'une autre terre rare, a surface specifique elevee a 1100 c, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation comme catalyseur |
-
2011
- 2011-04-08 FR FR1101092A patent/FR2973793A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-04 RU RU2013149805/04A patent/RU2013149805A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-04 KR KR1020137029290A patent/KR20140023965A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-04-04 CN CN201280020223.3A patent/CN103492067A/zh active Pending
- 2012-04-04 JP JP2014503132A patent/JP2014515698A/ja active Pending
- 2012-04-04 US US14/110,374 patent/US20140044628A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-04 CA CA2831173A patent/CA2831173A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2012-04-04 WO PCT/EP2012/056165 patent/WO2012136705A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-04-04 EP EP12713951.7A patent/EP2694204A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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2013
- 2013-10-01 ZA ZA2013/07341A patent/ZA201307341B/en unknown
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EP0662461A1 (fr) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-07-12 | Societe Europeenne Des Produits Refractaires | Billes en matière céramique fondue |
EP0906244A1 (fr) | 1996-05-15 | 1999-04-07 | Rhodia Chimie | Composition a base d'oxyde de cerium et d'oxyde de zirconium, procede de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
WO1998045212A1 (fr) | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-15 | Rhodia Rare Earths Inc. | OXYDES DE CERIUM, OXYDES DE ZIRCONIUM, OXYDES MIXTES Ce/Zr ET SOLUTIONS SOLIDES Ce/Zr PRESENTANT UNE STABILITE THERMIQUE ET UNE CAPACITE DE STOCKAGE D'OXYGENE AMELIOREES |
EP1660406A2 (fr) | 2003-09-04 | 2006-05-31 | Rhodia Electronics and Catalysis | Composition a base d oxyde de cerium et d oxyde de zirconium a conductibilite et surface elevees, procedes de preparation et utilisation comme catalyseur |
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EP2024084A1 (fr) | 2006-05-15 | 2009-02-18 | Rhodia Recherches et Technologies | Composition a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium, de lanthane et d'yttrium, de gadolinium ou de samarium, a surface specifique et reductibilite elevees, procede de preparation et utilisation comme catalyseur |
WO2008046920A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-04-24 | Rhodia Operations | Composition a acidite elevee a base d'oxydes de zirconium, de silicium et d'au moins un autre element choisi parmi le titane, l'aluminium, le tungstene, le molybdene, le cerium, le fer, l'etain, le zinc et le manganese |
FR2925485A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-26 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit en matiere ceramique fondue, procede de fabrication et utilisations. |
EP2288426A2 (fr) | 2008-04-23 | 2011-03-02 | Rhodia Opérations | Compositions catalytiques à base d'oxydes de zirconium, de cerium et d'yttrium et leurs utilisations pour les traitement des gaz d'échappement. |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2999560A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-20 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Poudre de cristallites |
WO2014097185A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-26 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Poudre de cristallites |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2973793A1 (fr) | 2012-10-12 |
RU2013149805A (ru) | 2015-05-20 |
CA2831173A1 (fr) | 2012-10-11 |
EP2694204A1 (fr) | 2014-02-12 |
KR20140023965A (ko) | 2014-02-27 |
CN103492067A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
US20140044628A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
ZA201307341B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
JP2014515698A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
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