WO2012131729A2

WO2012131729A2 - Herbal medicaments for curing bloat

Info

Publication number: WO2012131729A2
Application number: PCT/IN2012/000228
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tulsibhai Bhadubhai PAWAR
Original assignee: Pawar Tulsibhai Bhadubhai
Priority date: 2011-03-31
Filing date: 2012-03-30
Publication date: 2012-10-04
Also published as: WO2012131729A3

Abstract

A herbal medicament for curing of bloat. The medicament comprising predefined amount of Careya arborea in combination with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and / or adjuvant. A method for the preparation of said medicament is also disclosed.

Description

TITLE OF THE INVENTION Herbal medicaments for curing bloat.

This application claims priority from Indian Patent Application No. 1048/MUM/2011 filed on 31^st March 2011.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention relates to herbal medicament.

Particularly, the present invention relates to herbal medicament for curing bloat. BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART:

Bloating is any abnormal general swelling, or increase in diameter of the abdominal area. The word bloat is often used as a general term to cover gas distension of the stomach with or without twisting. It is also commonly referred to as torsion, gastric torsion, or gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) when the stomach is also twisted. The word bloat is often used as a general term to cover gas distension of the stomach with or without twisting. It is frequently referred to as distention. Intermittent distention means it occurs at irregular intervals while continuous distention clearly means it is an incessant problem. Continuous distention often indicates more serious health problems.

Bloating may have several causes, the most common being accumulation of liquids and intestinal gas. Causes of bloating may also be related to diet. Eating too much salt can result in retaining water. Eating foods that produce gas, such as certain types of beans and other vegetables, can also result in bloating, as can drinking too many carbonated beverages. Lactose intolerance is another culprit, as many people suffer uncomfortable symptoms including bloating, after consuming dairy based foods or drinks. Specific medical conditions like Crohn's Disease or bowel obstruction can also contribute to the amount of stomach bloating experienced. In animals, bloat is simply the buildup of gas in the rumen. This gas is produced as part of the normal process of digestion, and is normally lost by belching (eructation). Bloat occurs when this loss of gas is prevented. There are two sorts of bloat. The least common type is gassy bloat, which occurs when the gullet is obstructed (often by foreign objects such as potatoes) or when the animal can't burp (such as with milk fever or tetanus). The second type of bloat is frothy bloat, which happens as the result of stable foam developing on top of the rumen liquid, which blocks the release of the gas. This is by far the most common form of bloat, and unlike gassy bloat, it is highly seasonal with peaks in the spring and autumn. This is because the foam is formed by breakdown products from rapidly growing forages (particularly legumes such as clover and alfalfa). This increases the viscosity (stickiness) of the rumen fluid and prevents the small bubbles of gas formed by rumen fermentation from coming together to form free gas that can be belched off.

Bloat in animals can be treated in the following ways:

1. By passing a stomach tube for gassy bloat;

2. In a few cases, a trochar and cannula is punched through the side into the rumen will relieve gassy bloat when a stomach tube has not worked. But such cases are rare, and as the trochar provides a tremendous opportunity for introduction of infection, it should only be used as a last resort;

3. For frothy bloat, antifoaming agents that disperse the foam should be given by stomach tube. Old-fashioned remedies such as linseed oil and turpentine are effective but newer treatments such as dimethicone or polaxolene are easier to give as the effective dose is much smaller.

Natural remedies available in the treatment of bloat include ginger tea, Peppermint tea, clove oil, eucalyptus oil and probiotics such as acidophilus and bifidus. Detox bath is also recommended since it instantly reliever bloating by naturally encouraging the release of gas from the abdomen. There are multiple over-the-counter medications that can be used to treat bloating. Food enzymes can be found in some products that will help to break down the sugars found in grains, vegetables and dairy products. They can be taken before food is consumed or added to the food that causes the gas and bloating. Another type of medicine is activated charcoal tablets that will decrease the odor from gas. The most common treatment is antacids. These medications have no effect on the gas that is presently in the intestines, but it allows for gas build-up to be belched away easier, reducing the amount of bloating that develops. Another treatment is Simethicone, an oral anti- foaming agent that helps the body to expel the gas more quickly. Also combination of prokinitiks like domperidone, metoclopramide, diphenhydramine (Diphen for prevention of extrapyramidal reactions) and PPI has dramatical effects especially on bloaters and belchers.

Research is always being carried for new developments which will give more efficient medicament than that of existing one, at the same time it will be less costly and simple to produce.

Further we have not come across single reference which teach or demonstrate herbal medicaments comprising of Careya arbor ea Roxb for curing of bloat.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION:

An object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat.

An object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat; the said medicament comprising Careya arborea.

Another object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat; which is efficient and with increased efficacy. Yet another object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat; which is economical and made from readily available sources.

Still another object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat; said medicament may be administered orally or topically or injected intravenously, subcutaneously, etc or by any other suitable route of administration.

An additional object of the invention is to provide herbal medicament for treatment of bloat; wherein said composition or medicament may show high safety to host substantially without side effects.

Yet another additional object of the invention is to provide method of treatment of bloat, which is more efficient and helps to eradicate the disease substantially.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

Before the present invention is described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular methodologies and materials described, as these may vary as per the person skilled in the art. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Before the present invention is described, it is to be understood that unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the methodologies and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are described, as these may vary within the specification indicated. Unless stated to the contrary, any use of the words such as . "including," "containing," "comprising," "having" and the like, means "including without limitation" and shall not be construed to limit any general statement that it follows to the specific or similar items or matters immediately following it. Embodiments of the invention are not mutually exclusive, but may be implemented in various combinations. The described embodiments of the invention and the disclosed examples are given for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation of the invention as set forth the appended claims. Further the terms disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary methods of the invention, which may be embodied in various forms.

It is also understood that the terms "a", "an", "the" and like are Words for the sake of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms. Moreover, it will be understood that the illustrations are for the purpose of describing a particular exemplary embodiment of the invention and are not limited to the invention thereto.

It is also understood that the terms "sieving", "washing", grinding", "drying", "extraction" used herein intend to cover all kinds of conventional methods used for the said purpose carried out at room temperature unless specified particularly herein.

The term "herbal composition", as used herein, intends to cover herbal medicament useful in curing bloat.

The herbal medicament of the present invention is simple, natural, attractive and convenient to use. The manufacture method for herbal medicament is simple and the effect is excellent; the price is low. The herbal medicament of the invention is useful in the treatment of bone fracture, dislocation or osteoporosis or similar conditions. Further, the herbal medicament of the invention also shows antimicrobial activity.

To achieve our object of the invention, we studied Careya arbor ea for curing bloat.

Careya arborea is a species under Lecythidaceae family. It is known as Kumbhi in Hindi, and Slow Match Tree in English. It is a deciduous tree, whose leaves turn red in the cold season and grows up to 15m high. Flowers are yellow or white in colour and are like water-pots and produce large green berries. The tree grows all over India in forests and grasslands. The bark of the tree and the calyxes of the flowers are often used for curing coughs and colds. Stem bark of Careya arborea is traditionally used in the treatment of bronchitis, epileptic fits, astringents, antidote to snake-venom and skin disease. Careya arborea is also used as astringent, leech repellant, fish poison, antipyretic activities. The flowers are useful in healing vaginal ruptures caused by child birth. The fruits are acrid, astringent, and aromatic and are useful in dyspepsia. The bark extracts of Careya arborea exhibit anticoagulant activities.

According to one of the embodiments of the invention, there is provided herbal medicament for curing of bloat;

said medicament comprising predefined amount of Careya arborea.

According to another embodiment, the said herbal medicament comprises predefined amount of Careya arborea along with suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant.

Preferably, the medicament comprising 80% to 90% of Careya arborea.

Preferably, the medicament comprising whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea.

Particularly, whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea is used in the preparation of herbal medicament. However, use of other parts of Careya arborea in the preparation of herbal medicament of the invention should be considered within the scope of the invention.

More preferably, said medicament comprising 80 % to 90 % of the whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea. More preferably, the said herbal medicament comprises 80% to 90% of the whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and / or , vehicle and / or adjuvant.

Instead of paste of the whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea, the composition may comprises the extract like a whole plant extract, a rhizome extract, a leaf extract, a seed extract, a root extract, a bark extract, a flower extract, a fruit extract, and a combination thereof.

Instead of paste or powder of the whole plant, seeds or combination thereof of Careya arborea, optionally the said medicament comprises an extract of the whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of it.

The extract is generally prepared in a solvent, typically water, alcohol like methanol or ethanol or combination thereof. However, other solvents and solutions compatible with plant usage and habitat may also be used. Typically, 50 ml of the solvent like water, alcohol like methanol or ethanol or a mixture thereof is used for the extraction. A mixture of water and alcohol used in the extraction is in the proportion of 60:40.

The composition is found to be efficient and has showed enhanced efficacy in both humans and animals.

The animals by definition are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Thus, "animal" intends to cover all the mammals including human beings, domestic pets as well as wild animals, birds, etc.

According to another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method for the preparation of said medicament of the invention for curing bloat;

said method comprising a. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole b. plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional means;

c. grinding all ingredients of step (a) by conventional technique followed by sieving paste or powder; and

d. converting the said paste or powder with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method;

said medicament for administering orally or topically or rectally, or vaginally or injectable including intravenous, subcutaneous, etc or by any other suitable route of administration.

The method optionally comprises :

e. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional technique;

f. grinding all ingredients of step (d) by conventional technique followed by sieving to obtain a paste or powder;

g. extracting the paste or powder of Careya arborea obtained in step (e) by using solvent at a controlled temperature between 25°C to 75°C;

h. optionally converting the said extract obtained in step (f) into semi-solid or solid form synergistic composition by conventional method; and

i. converting the said composition obtained in steps (f) or (g) with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method;

The solvent used for the extraction is typically water, alcohol such as methanol or ethanol or combination thereof. Preferably, the solvent used for extraction is water However, other solvents and solutions compatible with plant usage and habitat may also be used. A mixture of water and alcohol used for the extraction is in the proportion of 60:40.

The extraction can be carried out at a controlled temperature between 38°C to 60°C. Preferably, the extraction can be carried out at a controlled temperature between 38°C to 45°C.

The extract can be converted into semi solid or solid synergistic composition form by conventional method such as evaporation, lyophilization, etc.

In preferred embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:

d. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional technique;

e. grinding all ingredients of step (d) by conventional technique followed by sieving powder;

f. extracting the paste or powder of Careya arborea obtained in step (e) by using water at a controlled temperature between 25°C to 75°C followed by filtering the water extract;

g. optionally converting the said extract obtained in step (f) into semi-solid or solid form synergistic composition by removing the excess water of the extract by evaporation with the help of a rotary vacuum evaporator or converting the extract into fine powder by lyophilization; and

h. converting the said powder with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method; said medicament for administering orally or topically or rectally, or vaginally or injectable including intravenous, subcutaneous, etc or by any other suitable route of administration. Preferably, the water used for the extraction of powder of Careya arborea in step (f) is in the ratio of 2: 1 (water: powder of Careya arborea).

Preferably, extraction of the powder of Careya arborea in step (f) is carried out by preparing the solution of powder of Careya arborea, allowing to stand for 2 to 3 hours followed by stirring continuously for 30 minutes, repeating the process at least 4 times followed by filtration of the solution to obtain water extract.

The method optionally comprises :

j. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional means;

k. grinding the ingredients of step (i) by conventional technique followed by sieving to obtain a paste or powder;

1. subjecting the paste or powder obtained in step (j) to steam distillation;

m. converting the distillate obtained in step (k) into semi-solid or solid form composition by conventional method; and

n. converting the said composition obtained in step (j) or (1) with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method,

The distillate can be converted into semi solid or solid composition form by conventional method such as evaporation, lyophilization, etc.

Preferably, said whole plants or fruit or leaves of Careya arborea are thoroughly washed and sieved prior to making paste and extraction. To prepare the composition of the present invention, the whole plants or fruit or leaves and combination thereof of Careya arborea is first thoroughly washed and dried well under shady condition to remove moisture. After grounding it into powder, it is sieved to remove > remaining impurities. Preferably, sterile water is used for washing.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the said medicament can be administered orally or topically or injected intravenously, subcutaneously, etc or by any other suitable route of administration.

In oral administration, the herbal medicament may be in the form including but not limited to tinctures, herbal wine, elixirs, tisanes, decoctions, powder, juice, syrup, granules, capsules, tablets, etc.

In topical administration, the herbal medicament may be in the form including but not limited to oils, salves, balms, cream, lotion, spray, poultices and compresses, etc.

In administration by injection, the herbal medicament may be in the form including but not limited to intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection, etc.

Preferably, Tinctures are alcoholic extracts of herbs; usually obtained by combining 100% pure ethanol (or a mixture of 100% ethanol with water) with the herb. A completed tincture has ethanol percentage of at least 25% (sometimes up to 90%). The term tincture is sometimes applied to preparations using other solvents than ethanol.

Herbal wine and elixirs are alcoholic extract of herbs; usually with an ethanol percentage of 12-38%. Herbal wine is a maceration of herbs in wine, while an elixir is a maceration of herbs in spirits (e.g., vodka, grappa, etc.).

Tisanes are hot water extracts of herb.

r

Decoctions are long-term boiled extract of herb. Powder and Juices: In this whole herb is consumed either in dried form (herbal powder), or fresh juice, (fresh leaves and other plant parts).

Syrups - Extracts of herbs made with syrup or honey. Sixty five parts of sugar are mixed with 35 parts of water and herb. The whole is then boiled and macerated for three weeks.

Salves, oils, balms, creams and lotions: Most topical applications are oil extractions of herbs. Taking a food grade oil and soaking herbs in it for anywhere from weeks to months allows certain phytochemicals to be extracted into the oil. This oil can then be made into salves, creams, lotions, or simply used as an oil for topical application.

Poultices and compresses: The whole herb (or the appropriate part of the plant) usually crushed or dried and re-hydrated with a small amount of water and then applied directly in a bandage, cloth or just as is.

A fresh herb paste can be applied at affected site.

Injectable form: It can be made into injectable form also.

Typically, the dosage of the medicament of the invention is 50 gm of active ingredient thrice a day for 7 days. Treatment is continued till complete recovery. Usually, the animal is recovered within 2 days depending upon the severity of the ailment.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method of treatment of bloat;

said treatment comprises administration and / or application of said herbal medicament of the invention orally or topically or injected intravenously, subcutaneous ly, etc or by any other suitable route of administration.

The herbal medicament of the invention is efficient on treatment of bloat and showed increased efficacy. The herb, Careya arborea is readily available at cheaper price thereby making the medicament of the invention economic. The herbal medicament of the invention is administered orally or topically or injected intravenously, subcutaneously, etc or by any other suitable route of administration and showed high safety to host substantially without side effects. It also helps to eradicate the disease substantially.

The present invention is illustrated by the following examples, which is not intended to limit the effective scope of the invention.

Example 1:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Dried Fruits of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and sieved again followed by drying the same under the shade. The fruits were grounded to make paste followed by sieving it. The paste was converted into tablet. Each tablet containing 50g of the paste was administered to crossbred Jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 3 days.

Example 2:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Leaves of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and. sieved again followed by the same under the shade. The leaves were grounded to make paste followed by sieving it. The paste was converted into tablet. Each tablet containing 50g of the paste was administered to crossbred jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 3 days.

Example 3:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Whole plant of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and sieved again followed by drying the same under the shade. The whole plant was grounded to make paste followed by sieving it. The paste was converted into tablet. Each tablet containing 50g of the paste was administered to crossbred jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 2 days.

Example 4:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Dried fruits of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and sieved again followed by drying the same under the shade. The fruits were grounded to make paste followed by sieving it. About double quantity of water was added to the paste and allowed to stand for 2 to 3 hours followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The process was repeated four times and the solution was filtered. Excess water from the solution was evaporated using rotary vacuum evaporator and lyophilized it into fine powder. The powder was converted into tablet. The tablet (50 gm) was administered to crossbred jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 2 days.

Example 5:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Whole plant of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and sieved again followed by drying the same under the shade. The whole plant was grounded to make paste by conventional means followed by sieving it. About double quantity of water was added to the paste and allowed to stand for 2 to 3 hours followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The process was repeated four times and the solution was filtered. Excess water from the solution was evaporated using rotary vacuum evaporator and lyophilized it into fine powder. The powder was converted into tablet. The tablet (50 gm) was administered to crossbred jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 2 days.

Example 6:

Preparation of herbal medicament of the invention

Leaves of Careya arborea was sieved, washed and sieved again followed by drying the same under the shade. The leaves were grounded to make paste followed by sieving it. About double quantity of water was added to the paste and allowed to stand for 2 to 3 hours followed by stirring for 30 minutes. The process was repeated four times and the solution was filtered. Excess water from the solution was evaporated using rotary vacuum evaporator and lyophilized it into fine powder. The powder was converted into tablet. The tablet (50 gm) was administered to crossbred jersey cattle for curing bloat thrice a day for a period of 5 days. It was observed that the animal recovered within 2 days.

Effect of the present invention was studied on a crossbred jersey cattle suffering from bloat. The animals were administered the herbal medicaments produced in examples 1 to 6 for 5 days. The dosage was one table (50 gm) of the medicament three a day. It is observed that the preparation of herbal medicament with 50g enabled recovery within 2 days depending upon the severity of the ailment.

The present invention as described above, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular methodologies and materials described, as these may vary as per the person skilled in the art. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing the particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Claims

I Claim,

1. A herbal medicament for curing of bloat;

said medicament comprising predefined amount of Careya arborea.

2. The herbal medicament as claimed in claim 1, wherein said medicament comprising predefined amount of Careya arborea along with suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant.

3. The herbal medicament as claimed in claim 1, wherein said medicament preferably compiising 80% to 90% of Careya arborea.

4. The herbal medicament as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the medicament comprising whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea.

5. The herbal medicament as claimed in claim 1, wherein optionally the said medicament comprising an extract of the whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of it.

6. A method for the preparation of said medicament of the invention for curing bloat;

said method comprising

a. sieving followed by washing arid sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional means;

b. grinding all ingredients of step (a) by conventional technique followed by sieving paste or powder; and c. converting the said paste or powder with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method;

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method optionally comprises: d. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional technique;

e. grinding all ingredients of step (d) by conventional technique followed by sieving to obtain a paste or powder;

f. extracting the paste or powder of Careya arborea obtained in step (e) by using solvent at a controlled temperature between 25°C to 75°C;

g. optionally converting the said extract obtained in step (f) into semi-solid or solid form synergistic composition by conventional method; and

h. converting the said composition obtained in steps (f) or (g) with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, vehicle and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method;

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the solvent used for the extraction in step (f) is typically water, alcohol such as methanol or ethanol or combination thereof.

9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the extraction in step (f) is carried out at a controlled temperature between 38°C to 60°C.

The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the extract can be converted into semi solid or solid synergistic composition form by conventional method such as evaporation, lyophilization, and the like.

The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein preferably the extraction of the powder of Careya arborea in step (f) is carried out by preparing the solution of powder of Careya arborea, allowing to stand for 2 to 3 hours followed by stirring continuously for 30 minutes, repeating the process at least 4 times followed by filtration of the solution to obtain water extract.

The method as claimed in claim 1 1, wherein preferably the water used for the extraction of powder of Careya arborea in step (f) is in the ratio of 2: 1 (water: powder of Careya arborea).

The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method optionally comprises: i. sieving followed by washing and sieving again predefined amount of whole plant or fruit or leaves or combination thereof of Careya arborea followed by drying by conventional means;

j. grinding the ingredients of step (i) by conventional technique followed by sieving to obtain a paste or powder;

k. subjecting the paste or powder obtained in step (j) to steam distillation; 1. converting the distillate obtained in step (k) into semi-solid or solid form composition by conventional method; and

m. Converting the said composition obtained in step (j) or (1) with or without pharmaceutically acceptable excipient,- vehicle and / or adjuvant into medicament by conventional method,

14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the distillate is converted into semi solid or solid composition form by conventional method such as evaporation, lyophilization, and the like.

15. A method of treatment of bloat;

said treatment comprises administration and / or application of said herbal medicament of the invention orally or topically or injected intravenously, subcutaneously, etc or by any other suitable route of administration.

16. The method of treatment as claimed in claim 15, wherein the dosage of the medicament is 50 gm for animal daily trice for 3 days.