WO2012130077A1 - 无线通信系统中导频的配置方法及装置 - Google Patents

无线通信系统中导频的配置方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012130077A1
WO2012130077A1 PCT/CN2012/072790 CN2012072790W WO2012130077A1 WO 2012130077 A1 WO2012130077 A1 WO 2012130077A1 CN 2012072790 W CN2012072790 W CN 2012072790W WO 2012130077 A1 WO2012130077 A1 WO 2012130077A1
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Prior art keywords
domain density
pilot
time domain
frequency domain
frequency
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PCT/CN2012/072790
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍东山
王竞
刘慎发
闫志刚
王飞飞
Original Assignee
北京新岸线无线技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201110083209.5A external-priority patent/CN102724758B/zh
Application filed by 北京新岸线无线技术有限公司 filed Critical 北京新岸线无线技术有限公司
Priority to US14/007,576 priority Critical patent/US9240872B2/en
Priority to EP12764965.5A priority patent/EP2690899B1/en
Priority to CN201280012986.3A priority patent/CN103430583B/zh
Priority to JP2014501417A priority patent/JP2014510494A/ja
Priority to KR1020137028263A priority patent/KR101937169B1/ko
Priority to DK12764965.5T priority patent/DK2690899T3/da
Publication of WO2012130077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012130077A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H04L5/001Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067Rate matching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/005Control of transmission; Equalising
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026Transmission of channel quality indication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0027Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068Rate matching by puncturing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023Time-frequency-space
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H04L5/0046Determination of how many bits are transmitted on different sub-channels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/0064Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0078Timing of allocation
    • H04L5/0085Timing of allocation when channel conditions change
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/06TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146Uplink power control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/18TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/226TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands using past references to control power, e.g. look-up-table
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/18TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657Carrier synchronisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular to a method and apparatus for configuring pilots in a wireless communication system. Background technique
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology can combat frequency selective fading of wideband mobile channels with low complexity, so OFDM technology is popularized in various types of broadband mobile communication systems.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • the receiver estimates the radio channel H by pilot symbols, which in turn assists the equalizer or demodulator equalization channel or associated detected data symbols.
  • the system measures the quality or state of the radio channel through pilots, assists the scheduler in frequency selective scheduling, and link adaptation.
  • Multi-antenna and multi-output (MIMO) multi-antenna technology is widely used in various wireless systems because it can effectively utilize the spatial scattering characteristics of wireless propagation channels to improve the reliability and capacity of wireless communication systems.
  • MIMO-OFDM technology has become the standard configuration for broadband mobile communication systems.
  • the function of the pilot is finer.
  • LTE-Advanced system specifically sets pilot and measurement pilots for system-related detection and channel measurement.
  • the reason for this design is that the multi-antenna precoding technique used in the ⁇ 10 system, especially when the receiver is unknown to the precoding matrix, the pilot has to be precoded together with the data symbols, but the precoding itself will change the movement to some extent.
  • the pilots are usually fixed in the system with a certain pattern.
  • the pilot configuration is as shown in FIG. 1 , where the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in the LTE system is the uplink and downlink transmission of the entire system. Allocating various resources plays a very important scheduling role for the system.
  • the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is used for transmission traffic or control plane signaling, CRS is common pilot, and DMRS is dedicated pilot.
  • CRS is common pilot
  • DMRS dedicated pilot.
  • the number of pilot ports will vary, but the time domain density and frequency domain density of the pilot are constant values already determined in the system specifications.
  • the pilot is also fixed at the head of each physical frame, that is, a long training sequence. No matter how long the transmission cycle is, regardless of the propagation environment, the configuration of the pilot does not change regardless of the format used for the transmission.
  • the mobile channel is complex and variable. In different propagation environments, the frequency selective fading, time selective fading and spatial selective fading of the mobile channel are significantly different. The use of a fixed pilot pattern is not conducive to the adaptation of complex and variable mobile communication environments, which in turn will cause a certain loss of system capacity. Taking the LTE-Advanced system as an example, when the terminal operates in an indoor environment, the mobile channel has a long correlation time (>10 ms) due to the lower moving speed.
  • the pilots of the LTE-A system are continuously repeated in each subframe (1 ms).
  • the 802.11 system when the system works in an outdoor hot spot, due to rapid changes in the surrounding environment, such as: the movement of the car, even if the terminal is in a stationary state, the channel between the access point (AP) and the terminal will still There is a Doppler spread, which in turn forms a time-selective fading.
  • the pilot function of the 802.11 system is carried out by a long training sequence fixed in the physical frame. Such fixed pilots cannot adapt to environmental changes. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for configuring pilots in a wireless communication system, which can adaptively configure pilots and improve system performance.
  • a method for configuring a pilot in a wireless communication system comprising:
  • the real-time configuration pilot includes:
  • a time domain density of the pilot within a preset time domain density corresponding to at least one of a current wireless channel characteristic parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and system requirement information; and/or configuring the pilot
  • the frequency domain density is within a preset frequency domain density range corresponding to at least one of the current wireless channel characteristic parameter, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirement information.
  • the wireless channel characteristic parameter includes: a wireless channel related bandwidth and a wireless channel related time
  • the frequency domain density within the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller
  • the corresponding preset time i or the time in the density range is smaller.
  • the device capability information of the communication peer includes: frequency synchronization accuracy and/or phase synchronization precision;
  • the frequency synchronization accuracy is higher, the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller.
  • the time domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset time domain density corresponding to the device capability information of the communication peer end, and the time domain density of the configured pilot is in the frequency synchronization precision and the phase synchronization synchronization degree. At least one of the preset time i or density range;
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency domain density corresponding to the device capability information of the communication peer, and the frequency domain density of the configured pilot corresponds to at least one of frequency synchronization accuracy and phase synchronization accuracy.
  • the system requirement information includes: a modulation format
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger.
  • the frequency domain density within the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is larger.
  • the system requirement information further includes: an encoding mode and/or a code rate
  • the fine time adjustment is further performed according to the preset time domain adjustment value corresponding to the coding mode and/or the code rate after the configuration is completed;
  • the fine frequency adjustment is performed according to the preset frequency domain adjustment value corresponding to the coding mode and/or the code rate after the configuration is completed.
  • the system requirement information includes at least one of a modulation format, an encoding mode, and a code rate.
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the corresponding preset frequency i or the frequency i or density in the density range is larger;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain range is larger.
  • the time domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset time domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, and the time domain density of the configured pilot is at least one of a modulation order, a codeword error correction capability, and a code rate. a corresponding preset time i or density range;
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, and the frequency domain density of the configured pilot corresponds to at least one of a modulation order, a codeword error correction capability, and a code rate.
  • the preset frequency i or density range is within a preset frequency domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, and the frequency domain density of the configured pilot corresponds to at least one of a modulation order, a codeword error correction capability, and a code rate.
  • the method when configuring the pilot time i or the frequency i or the density, the method further includes:
  • the predetermined orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol is set as the initial insertion position, and the OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot is determined according to the time domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then the pilot is inserted for each.
  • the OFDM symbol has a predetermined subcarrier as a starting insertion position, and the pilot is inserted according to the frequency domain density configuration result of the pilot.
  • the method when configuring the time domain density of the pilot, the method further includes:
  • the predetermined OFDM symbol is set as the initial insertion position, and the OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot is determined according to the time domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then the OFDM symbol to be inserted for each pilot is scheduled.
  • the subcarriers are inserted into the pilot.
  • the method when configuring the frequency domain density of the pilot, the method further includes:
  • the predetermined subcarrier is set as the initial insertion position, and the subcarriers to be inserted into the pilot are determined according to the frequency domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then the subcarriers to be inserted for each pilot are scheduled The OFDM symbol is inserted into the pilot.
  • the sending the configuration result to the communication peer end includes:
  • the signal sent to the communication peer carries information for indicating the result of the pilot configuration; or, the control channel sends signaling indicating the result of the pilot configuration to the communication peer.
  • a device for configuring a pilot in a wireless communication system comprising:
  • a configuration unit configured to configure a pilot in real time for different transmissions during transmission according to at least one of a current wireless channel characteristic parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and system requirement information; a sending unit, where the configuration unit is The configuration result is sent to the communication peer.
  • the configuration unit configures a time domain density of the pilot to be a preset time domain density range corresponding to at least one of a current wireless channel characteristic parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and system requirement information. And/or, configuring a frequency domain density of the pilot corresponding to at least one of a current wireless channel characteristic parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and system requirement information Set the frequency domain density range.
  • the wireless channel characteristic parameter includes: a wireless channel related bandwidth and a wireless channel related time
  • the frequency domain density within the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller
  • the corresponding preset time i or the time in the density range is smaller.
  • the device capability information of the communication peer includes: frequency synchronization accuracy and/or phase synchronization precision;
  • the frequency synchronization accuracy is higher, the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller.
  • the configuration unit sets the time domain density of the pilot to be within a preset time domain density corresponding to the device capability information of the communication peer, and configures the time domain density of the pilot in the frequency synchronization precision and the sampling phase.
  • the preset time domain density range corresponding to at least one of the synchronization precisions; the configuration unit, the frequency domain density of the configuration pilot is within a preset frequency domain density range corresponding to the device capability information of the communication peer end, and is configured
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot is within a predetermined frequency domain density range corresponding to at least one of frequency synchronization accuracy and phase synchronization accuracy.
  • the system requirement information includes: a modulation format
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is larger.
  • the system requirement information further includes: an encoding mode and/or a code rate
  • the configuration unit When the configuration time of the configuration pilot is within the preset time domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, the configuration unit further performs the preset adjustment value corresponding to the coding mode and/or the code rate after the configuration is completed. Fine-tuning;
  • the configuration unit When the frequency domain density of the configuration pilot is within the preset frequency domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, the configuration unit further performs the preset adjustment value corresponding to the encoding mode and/or the code rate after the configuration is completed. Make fine adjustments.
  • the system requirement information includes at least one of a modulation format, an encoding mode, and a code rate.
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the corresponding preset frequency i or the frequency i or density in the density range is larger;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller;
  • the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is larger.
  • the configuration unit, the time domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset time domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, and is a time domain density of the configured pilot in a modulation order, a codeword error correction capability, and At least one of the code rates corresponds to a preset time domain density range;
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency domain density corresponding to the system requirement information, and the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is in a modulation order, a codeword error correction capability, and a code rate. At least one of the preset preset frequencies i or density ranges.
  • the configuration unit includes:
  • a module in the resource block, setting a predetermined orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol as a starting insertion position, determining an OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot according to a time domain density configuration result of the pilot, Then, for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot, the predetermined subcarrier is used as the initial insertion position, and the pilot is inserted according to the frequency domain density configuration result of the pilot.
  • the configuration unit includes:
  • a setting module in the resource block, setting a predetermined OFDM symbol as a starting insertion position, determining an OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot according to a time domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then, for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot , the pilot is inserted in the predetermined subcarrier.
  • the configuration unit includes:
  • a setting module in the resource block, setting a predetermined subcarrier as a starting insertion position, determining a subcarrier to be inserted into the pilot according to a frequency domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then subcarrier for each pilot to be inserted , the pilot is inserted in the predetermined OFDM symbol.
  • the sending unit carries information for indicating a pilot configuration result in a signal sent to the communication peer end, or sends signaling indicating a pilot configuration result to the communication peer end on the control channel.
  • the pilot adjustment technical solution provided by the present invention configures an appropriate number of pilots for different transmissions according to device capabilities and system requirements, and channel characteristics between the transmitter and the receiver, when the transmitter and the receiver are
  • the pilot configuration also changes as the wireless propagation environment changes.
  • the present invention not only the configuration of the pilot can be adjusted according to the performance of the device and the system requirements, but also the pilot configuration can be changed based on the change of the wireless propagation environment, so that the configuration of the pilot can adaptively change the communication link, which not only helps to improve the transmission reliability. Sex, and can increase the average system capacity.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of pilot configuration in an LTE-Advanced system in each time-frequency resource block in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for configuring a pilot in a wireless communication system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pilot configured in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission frame in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pilot configured in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for configuring a pilot according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention proposes a pilot configuration method in a wireless communication system, which is capable of adaptively adapting the mobile communication environment, equipment capabilities, and system requirements for pilot configuration.
  • the method is applicable to various wireless communication systems.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is as follows: Based on at least one of current device capability information of the communication peer, system requirement information, and wireless channel characteristics between the transmitter and the receiver, real-time configuration for different transmissions during transmission Pilot.
  • a method for configuring a pilot in a wireless communication system includes the following steps:
  • Different transmissions include various transmissions for different communication peers, or different transmissions for the same communication peer.
  • the real-time configuration pilot in step S01 includes: configuring a time domain density and/or a frequency domain density of the pilot.
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot can be preset and fixed.
  • the pilot time The domain density can be preset and fixed.
  • time domain density ranges and frequency domain ranges are set in advance for different wireless channel characteristic parameters, different time domain density ranges and frequency domain ranges are set for different device capability information, and different time is set for different system requirement information. Domain density range and frequency domain range. Each of the time domain density range and the frequency domain density range contains more than one specific density.
  • the time domain density of the configured pilot is preset corresponding to at least one of the current wireless channel characteristic parameter, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirement information. Within the time domain density range.
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot is configured, the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency i or density corresponding to at least one of the current wireless channel characteristic parameter, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirement information. .
  • the pilot is configured only based on one of a radio channel characteristic parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and a system requirement.
  • the time domain density of the pilot is within a preset time i or density corresponding to the information according to the information.
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency i or density corresponding to the information according to the information.
  • the pilot is configured based on two or more of the wireless channel characteristic parameters, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirements.
  • the time domain density of the pilots When configuring the time domain density of the pilots, first determine the preset time i or the density range corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, and when the determined two or more density ranges are similar or the same, for example, two density ranges. There is a common part, the time i or the density of configuring the pilot is within the preset time domain density corresponding to the two pieces of information, and when the difference between the two or more density ranges determined is large, for example, two densities There is no common part of the range, and a density range is selected according to actual application requirements or predetermined criteria, and the time domain density of the configuration pilot is within the selected density range.
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot When configuring the frequency domain density of the pilot, first determine the preset frequency domain density range corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, and when the determined two or more density ranges are similar or the same, for example, two density ranges exist.
  • the common part the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is simultaneously within the preset frequency domain density corresponding to the two pieces of information, when the determined two or more density ranges are different, for example, the two density ranges are not
  • An example of a single ticket for example, when configuring the time domain density of the pilot based on the wireless channel characteristic parameters and system demand information. Determining one pilot every 16 OFDM symbols based on the radio channel characteristic parameter, determining to insert one pilot every 8 OFDM symbols based on the system requirement information, and according to actual application requirements or predetermined criteria, the time domain density of the final configured pilot is One pilot is inserted every 8 OFDM symbols.
  • the wireless channel characteristic parameters, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirement information may respectively include a plurality of specific parameters. Based on these specific parameters, various embodiments of the real-time configuration pilots are described below.
  • the wireless channel characteristic parameters may include: a wireless channel related time and a wireless channel related bandwidth.
  • the wireless channel-related bandwidth is wider, the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is smaller.
  • the wireless channel correlation time is longer, the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is higher. small.
  • the real-time configuration pilot includes:
  • the time domain density of the pilot is within a preset time i or density corresponding to the current radio channel correlation time.
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset frequency domain density corresponding to the current wireless channel related bandwidth.
  • the device capability information of the communication peer may include: frequency synchronization accuracy and/or sample phase synchronization accuracy.
  • frequency synchronization accuracy is higher, the time i or density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is smaller, and the corresponding preset frequency i or the frequency range or density in the density range is smaller, when the sample phase
  • the higher the synchronization accuracy the smaller the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range, and the smaller the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range.
  • the real-time configuration of the pilot includes:
  • the time domain density of the pilot is configured, the time domain density of the configured pilot is within a preset time domain density corresponding to the information according to which information, and when the frequency domain density of the pilot is configured, the frequency of the pilot is configured.
  • the domain density is within the preset frequency domain density corresponding to the information on which it is based.
  • pilot is configured based on both the frequency synchronization accuracy and the phase synchronization accuracy.
  • the time domain density of the pilot When configuring the time domain density of the pilot, first determine the current frequency synchronization precision and the preset time domain density range corresponding to the phase synchronization precision, if the determined two density ranges are similar or the same, for example, two densities There is a common part of the range, and the time i or density of configuring the pilot is within the preset time domain density corresponding to the frequency synchronization accuracy and the phase synchronization precision, if the determined two density ranges are different, for example, two There is no common part in the density range, and a density range is selected according to actual application requirements or predetermined criteria, and then the time domain density of the configured pilot is within the selected density range.
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot When configuring the frequency domain density of the pilot, first determine the current frequency synchronization accuracy and the preset frequency domain density range corresponding to the phase synchronization accuracy, if the determined two density ranges are similar or the same, for example, two density ranges. There is a common part, the frequency i or the density of the configuration pilot is within the range of the preset frequency domain density corresponding to the frequency synchronization accuracy and the phase synchronization accuracy, if the determined two density ranges are different, for example, two There is no common part in the density range. According to actual application requirements or predetermined criteria, a density range is selected, and then the frequency domain density of the pilot is set within the selected density range.
  • the pilot can be configured by selecting a preset time domain density range corresponding to the less accurate one.
  • the system requirement information includes a modulation format
  • the modulation format specifically refers to a modulation order.
  • the modulation order is higher, the time domain density in the corresponding preset time domain density range is larger, and the frequency domain density in the corresponding preset frequency domain density range is larger.
  • the real-time configuration of the pilot includes:
  • the time domain density of the pilot is within a preset time i or density corresponding to the modulation order.
  • the frequency domain density of the configuration pilot is within a preset frequency i or density corresponding to the modulation order.
  • the system requirement information may further include an encoding mode and/or a code rate, where the encoding mode specifically refers to a codeword error correction capability, and the code rate specifically refers to a coded code rate.
  • the codeword error correction capability corresponds to a preset time domain adjustment value and a preset frequency i or an adjustment value
  • the code rate corresponds to a preset time i or an adjustment value and a preset frequency i or an adjustment value.
  • the various preset adjustment values here are determined based on the actual performance of the system.
  • the preset time domain adjustment value corresponding to the coding mode and/or the code rate may be further adjusted. Start the transfer.
  • the preset frequency domain adjustment value corresponding to the coding mode and/or the code rate may be further fine-tuned.
  • the system requirement information includes: at least one of a modulation format, an encoding mode, and a code rate.
  • the modulation format specifically refers to a modulation order
  • the coding mode specifically refers to a codeword error correction capability
  • the code rate specifically refers to a coding code rate.
  • the real-time configuration of the pilot includes:
  • pilot is configured based on only one of the modulation format, the coding scheme, and the code rate.
  • the time domain density of the configured pilot is within the preset time domain density corresponding to the information on which the information is based.
  • the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is within the preset frequency domain density corresponding to the information on which the information is based.
  • the pilot is configured based on two or more of the modulation format, the coding method, and the code rate.
  • the time domain density of the pilot first determine the preset time domain density range corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, if the determined two or more density ranges are similar or the same, for example, two or more determined.
  • the time i or density of the configuration pilot is within the preset time domain density corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, if the determined two or more density ranges are different, for example, determining There are no common parts in the two or more density ranges, and a density range is selected according to actual application requirements or predetermined criteria, and then the time domain density of the configured pilots is within the selected density range.
  • the frequency domain density of the pilot When configuring the frequency domain density of the pilot, first determine the preset frequency i or the density range corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, if the determined two or more density ranges are similar, for example, the determined two or more densities There is a common part in the range, and the frequency domain density of the configured pilot is simultaneously within the preset frequency i or density corresponding to the two or more information according to the two, if the determined difference between the two or more density ranges is 4 ⁇ , for example, determining There is no common part in the two or more density ranges, and a density range is selected according to actual application requirements, and then the frequency domain density of the pilot is set within the selected density range.
  • the pilot when configured based on the device capability information of the communication peer, it helps to improve the reliability of the transmission and ensure the communication quality;
  • the change of the system requirement can be adaptively reduced, and the pilot overhead is reduced;
  • the configuration of the pilot can be adaptive to the communication link change, and is applicable to more channel environments and application scenarios.
  • the central access point CAP
  • STA station
  • the configuration of the demodulation pilot is taken as an example.
  • the CAP configures pilots based on current radio channel characteristic parameters.
  • the CAP obtains the current wireless channel characteristic parameters, for example, by channel measurement or by information interaction with the STA.
  • the CAP passes the channel;; then the quantity ( ⁇ : Doppler i::) can obtain the STA0, STA1, STA2 ⁇ correlation time, through the channel measurement (such as power delay spectrum measurement) can know STA0, STA1 , the relevant bandwidth of STA2.
  • the radio channel correlation time of the STA1 in the mobile state is smaller than the radio channel correlation time of the STA0 and the STA2 in the quiescent state
  • the radio channel-related bandwidth of the STA1 in the mobile state is smaller than the radio channel-related bandwidth of the STA0 and the STA2 in the quiescent state.
  • the configuration process specifically includes:
  • Step 1 Configure the time domain density of the pilot based on the radio channel correlation time.
  • the configuration result of the CAP in the time domain is as shown in FIG. 3. Specifically, a set of pilots is configured for every 32 OFDM symbols of STA1, and a set of pilots is configured for every 256 OFDM symbols for STA0 and STA2.
  • Step 2 Configure the frequency domain density of the pilot based on the radio channel related bandwidth.
  • the CAP configures a set of pilots for every 2 useful subcarriers for STA1, and configures a set of pilots for every 4 useful subcarriers for STA0 and STA2.
  • the CAP indicates a time domain period (ie, an OFDM symbol interval) of the configured pilot and a pilot frequency domain period (ie, a sub-band signaling (eg, 1-2 bits) in the control channel for indicating the scheduling resource. Carrier spacing).
  • a time domain period ie, an OFDM symbol interval
  • a pilot frequency domain period ie, a sub-band signaling (eg, 1-2 bits) in the control channel for indicating the scheduling resource. Carrier spacing).
  • the CAP inserts the pilot according to the configuration result during the downlink transmission, including the following operations: In the resource block allocated to the STA, the first OFDM symbol is inserted as the start position of the time domain pilot, and then Determining the OFDM symbol of the inserted pilot according to the time domain density configuration result of the pilot, and then using the first subcarrier as the starting insertion position of the pilot for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot, according to the pilot As a result of the frequency domain density configuration, the pilot is inserted.
  • the CAP inserts the pilot in the downlink data transmission process
  • the first OFDM symbol is used as the insertion position of the time domain pilot in the resource block allocated to the STA, and according to the pilot.
  • the OFDM symbols to be inserted into the pilot are determined, and then the pilot is inserted in the predetermined subcarrier for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot.
  • the CAP inserts the pilot in the downlink data transmission process
  • the first subcarrier is used as the starting insertion position of the pilot in the resource block allocated to the STA, and according to the pilot.
  • the subcarriers to be inserted into the pilot are determined, and then the pilot is inserted in the predetermined OFDM symbol for each subcarrier to be inserted into the pilot.
  • the pilot inserted by the CAP may occupy one or more consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain, and the CAP may determine the number of OFDM symbols occupied by the pilot to be inserted in the time domain according to the number of space-time streams.
  • the STA inserts the pilot into the resource block according to the configuration result of the CAP notification, and the specific method of inserting the pilot is the same as the CAP.
  • the pilot configuration is adjusted according to the wireless channel condition between the STA and the CAP, so that the communication link change can be adaptively improved, the transmission reliability is improved, the communication quality is ensured, and the average system capacity can be increased. Suitable for more channel environments and application scenarios.
  • the CAP configures pilots based on device capability information of the communication peer.
  • the CAP interacts with STA1 and STA2 for device capabilities.
  • CAP has to transmit a set of pilots every other period to correct the phase offset accumulation caused by the synchronization error, as shown in the transmission frame structure shown in FIG.
  • the CAP can obtain the device capability information of the peer end.
  • the CAP can obtain the capability negotiation with the STA.
  • STA1 belongs to the low-end device, and the synchronization and frequency synchronization errors are large.
  • STA2 belongs to high-end equipment, and its sampling synchronization and frequency synchronization error are small.
  • the sync error will accumulate as the OFDM symbol increases.
  • the configuration process specifically includes:
  • Step 1 Configure the time domain density of the pilot based on the frequency synchronization accuracy.
  • Step 2 In the frequency domain, configure the pilot based on the frequency synchronization accuracy.
  • one set of pilots is configured for every two useful subcarriers of STA1, and one set of pilots is configured for every four useful subcarriers of STA2.
  • the CAP indicates a time domain period and a frequency domain period of the pilot by setting digital bit signaling (eg, 1-2 bits) in the control channel for indicating the scheduling resource.
  • digital bit signaling eg, 1-2 bits
  • the CAP inserts the pilot in the downlink transmission according to the configuration result, and includes the following operations: in the resource block allocated to the STA, the first OFDM symbol is used as the starting insertion position of the pilot, according to the pilot.
  • the result of the time domain density configuration determining the OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot, and then using the first subcarrier as the starting insertion position of the pilot for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot, according to the frequency domain density of the pilot Configure the result and insert the pilot.
  • the STA inserts the pilot into the resource block according to the configuration result of the CAP notification, and the specific method of inserting the pilot is the same as the CAP.
  • the pilot configuration is adjusted according to the device capability information of the STA, and different pilot configurations are used for STAs with different device capabilities, which helps improve transmission reliability and ensure communication quality.
  • the pilot is configured based on the system requirement information.
  • the system requirement information is information known to the CAP.
  • STA1 in the wireless communication system is closer to the CAP, and STA2 is farther from the CAP.
  • pilots are configured based on the modulation order and the code rate, respectively.
  • STA1 In the downlink transmission phase, STA1 is closer to the CAP, the link propagation loss is small, and the STA1 receiving signal power is higher. Therefore, higher-order modulation methods, such as 64QAM, can be used for data transmission.
  • STA2 is far away from the CAP, the link propagation loss is large, and the STA2 receiving signal power is low. Therefore, the lower-order modulation method, such as QPSK, is used for data transmission. Since high-order modulation is more sensitive to channel fast fading than 4th-order modulation, the pilots configured by CAP for STA1 are relatively denser, and the pilots configured for STA2 are relatively sparse.
  • the channel environment has a higher coding rate for STA1 and a lower coding rate for STA2, in order to adapt to the change of the code rate, to ensure communication reliability, in the frequency domain and time i Or the pilot configured for STA1 is relatively denser, that is, the pilot density is larger.
  • the pilot is configured according to the system requirement information, so that the self- Adapting to changes in system requirements helps improve transmission reliability, guarantees communication quality, and increases system average capacity while reducing pilot overhead.
  • Application example four
  • This application example gives a specific way for the CAP to send pilot configuration results.
  • a preset time domain density range includes a specific time domain density, represented by a time domain pilot interval 0, and another preset time domain. Another specific time domain density is included in the density range, represented by the time domain pilot interval 1.
  • the time domain pilot interval 0 refers to a short pilot interval (specifically, how many OFDM symbols are inserted into a group of pilots)
  • the time domain pilot interval 1 refers to a long pilot interval (specifically, how many OFDM symbols are inserted every other time) a set of pilots).
  • the preset time domain density range corresponding to the device capability information and the system requirement information of the communication peer end is the same as the above-mentioned wireless channel feature parameter.
  • the CAP broadcasts the number of OFDM symbols indicated by the time domain pilot interval 0 and the time domain pilot interval 1 in the broadcast information frame (BCF) of the periodic broadcast, and each STA can pass the access to the wireless network where the CAP is located.
  • BCF broadcast information frame
  • the CAP configures the time domain density of the pilot for a certain STA in real time, it specifically indicates whether the time domain pilot interval 0 or the time domain pilot interval 1 is currently configured by one bit in the scheduling signaling of the control channel.
  • the first preset frequency domain density range includes a frequency domain density, which is represented by the frequency domain pilot pattern 1
  • the second predetermined frequency domain density range includes a frequency domain density, represented by a frequency domain pilot pattern 2
  • the third preset frequency domain density range includes a frequency domain density, using a frequency domain guide.
  • the frequency pattern 3 is indicated.
  • the frequency domain pilot pattern 1 is inserted into the pilot every other useful subcarrier
  • the frequency domain pilot pattern 2 is inserted into the pilot every two useful subcarriers
  • the frequency domain pilot pattern 3 corresponds to every four useful sub-carriers.
  • the carrier is inserted into the pilot.
  • the preset time domain density range corresponding to the device capability information and the system requirement information of the communication peer end is the same as the above-mentioned wireless channel feature parameter.
  • the 2 bits in the scheduling signaling of the control channel indicate that the frequency domain pilot pattern 1, the frequency domain pilot pattern 2, or the frequency is currently configured. Domain pilot pattern 3.
  • the above application examples are all described with respect to demodulation pilots.
  • the configuration method of the present invention can also be applied to other types of pilot configurations, such as detecting pilots.
  • the present invention provides a pilot configuration apparatus 100 for a wireless communication system. As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus 100 includes:
  • the configuration unit 20 according to at least one of the current wireless channel characteristic parameter, the device capability information of the communication peer, and the system requirement information, configures the pilot in real time for different transmissions during the transmission.
  • the sending unit 30 sends the configuration result of the configuration unit 20 to the communication peer.
  • the device 100 may further include an obtaining unit 10, configured to acquire at least one of a wireless channel feature parameter, a device capability information of the communication peer, and system requirement information.
  • the obtaining unit 10 specifically includes:
  • the measuring unit 10a is configured to measure a wireless channel between the transmitting end and the receiving end, and obtain the wireless channel characteristic parameter;
  • the communication unit 10b is configured to perform information interaction with the transmitting end and the receiving end to obtain the wireless signal. Road feature parameters.
  • the configuration unit 20 may further include: a setting module 20a, in the resource block, setting a predetermined orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol as a starting insertion position, according to a time domain of the pilot As a result of the density configuration, the OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot is determined, and then the predetermined subcarrier is used as the initial insertion position for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot, and the pilot is inserted according to the frequency domain density configuration result of the pilot.
  • the configuration unit 20 may further include: a setting module 20a, in the resource block, setting a predetermined OFDM symbol as a starting insertion position, and determining a result according to a time domain density configuration of the pilot The pilot OFDM symbols are inserted, and then pilots are inserted in predetermined subcarriers for each OFDM symbol to be inserted into the pilot.
  • the configuration unit 20 may further include: a setting module 20a, in the resource block, setting a predetermined subcarrier as a starting insertion position, and determining a result according to a frequency domain density configuration of the pilot, The pilot subcarriers are inserted, and then pilots are inserted in predetermined OFDM symbols for each subcarrier to be inserted into the pilot.
  • the configuration unit 20 performs operations in accordance with the configuration described above, and the transmitting unit 30 performs operations in accordance with the transmission mode described above.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线通信系统中导频的配置方法,包括:基于当前的无线信道特征参数、通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项,在传输过程中,针对不同的传输实时配置导频;将配置结果发送给通信对端。本发明还公开了相应的导频的配置装置。根据本发明,导频可以实时配置,有助于提高传输可靠性和保证通信质量,还能减少导频开销,同时适用于更多的信道环境和应用场景。

Description

无线通信系统中导频的配置方法及装置 本申请要求申请日为 2011年 3月 25 日、 申请号为 201110074598. 5、 发 明名称为 "无线通信系统中解调导频的调整方法及系统" 的中国专利申请的 优先权, 该在先申请的全部内容均已在本申请中体现。
本申请要求申请日为 2011年 4月 2 日、 申请号为 201110083209. 5、 发明 名称为 "无线通信系统中解调导频的调整方法及系统" 的中国专利申请的优先 权, 该在先申请的全部内容均已在本申请中体现。
本申请要求申请日为 2011年 5月 19 日、 申请号为 201110130194.3、发 明名称为 "一种通信系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 该在先申请的全部内 容均已在本申请中体现。 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域, 具体地说, 涉及无线通信系统中导频的 配置方法及装置。 背景技术
正交频分复用 ( OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Di vision Multiplexing ) 技术能够以较低的复杂度对抗宽带移动信道的频率选择性衰落, 因此 OFDM 技术在各类宽带移动通信系统中得到普及。为了能够相关检测 OFDM各数据子 载波符号, 导频在系统中的作用尤为突出。 接收机通过导频符号, 估计无线 信道 H, 进而辅助均衡器或解调器均衡信道或相关检测数据符号。 除相关检 测或解调的功能外, 系统通过导频测量无线信道质量或状态, 辅助调度器进 行频率选择性调度, 链路自适应等功能。
多输入多输出 ( MIMO, Mult iple-Input Multiple- Output ) 多天线技术 由于能够有效利用无线传播信道的空间散射特性提高无线通信系统的可靠性 和容量, 因此也在各类无线系统中大量普及应用。 MIMO- OFDM 技术已经成为 宽带移动通信系统的标准配置。 近年来, 在 MB!O-OFDM系统中, 导频的职能 越发细^^ 例如: 长期演进 LTE-Advanced系统专门设置了导频与测量导频, 分别用于系统相关检测与信道测量的功能。 之所以这样设计, 是因为 ΜΠ10 系统中釆用的多天线预编码技术, 尤其是当接收机未知预编码矩阵时, 导频 不得不与数据符号一同预编码, 但预编码本身会一定程度改变移动信道频率 域特性, 因此测量导频需要与导频职能分离。
在现有的各类移动通信系统或无线局域网系统中, 导频通常以一定的图 样,在系统中固定配置。 以 LTE-Advanced系统为例,在每个时频资源块(RB, Resource Block ) 内, 导频配置如图 1所示, 其中 LTE系统中的物理下行控 制信道 (PDCCH ) 为整个系统上下行传输分配各种资源,对系统起着非常关键 的调度作用, 物理下行共享信道(PDSCH ) 用于传输业务或控制面信令, CRS 为公共导频, DMRS为专用导频。 依据空间并行传输的数据流, 导频的端口数 量会有所不同, 但导频的时域密度与频域密度是系统规范中已经确定的恒定 值。
在 802. 11无线局 网系统中, 导频同样固定在每个物理帧帧头, 即: 长 训练序列。 无论本次传输周期多长, 无论传播环境怎样, 无论传输釆用哪种 格式, 导频的配置都不会发生变化。 众所周知, 移动信道复杂、 多变, 在不同的传播环境下, 移动信道的频 率选择性衰落、 时间选择性衰落和空间选择性衰落都会有显著不同。 釆用固 定的导频图样, 不利于对复杂、 多变的移动通信环境的自适应, 进而会对系 统容量造成一定程度的损失。 以 LTE-Advanced系统为例, 当终端工作在室内 环境下, 由于较低的移动速度使得移动信道具有较长的相关时间 (>10ms )。 然而, 无论相关时间如何, LTE-A系统的导频都会在每个子帧 (1ms ) 内不断 的重复。 再以 802. 11系统为例, 当系统工作在室外热点时, 由于周围环境的 快速变化, 例如: 汽车的运动, 即使终端处于静止状态, 接入点 (AP ) 与终 端之间的信道依然会有多普勒扩展, 进而形成时间选择性衰落。 但无论环境 如何变化, 802. 11系统的导频功能都会由在物理帧中位置固定的长训练序列 担。 这样固定的导频不能适应环境变化。 发明内容
本发明提供无线通信系统中导频的配置方法及装置, 可自适应地配置导 频, 提高系统性能。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种无线通信系统中导频的配置方法, 该方法包括:
基于当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信 息中的至少一项, 在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频;
将配置结果发送给通信对端。
一种实施例中, 所述实时配置导频包括:
配置导频的时间域密度, 在当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备 能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内; 和 /或, 配置导频的频率域密度, 在当前无线信道特征参数、 通信对端 的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内。
可选的, 所述无线信道特征参数包括: 无线信道相关带宽和无线信道相 关时间;
当无线信道相关带宽越宽时, 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域 密度越小;
当无线信道相关时间越长时, 所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内的时间 ^戈 密度越小。
可选的, 所述通信对端的设备能力信息包括: 频率同步精度和 /或釆样相 位同步精度;
当频率同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当釆样相位同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域 密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小。
可选的, 配置导频的时间域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对应的预 设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在频率同步精度和釆样相位 同步^"度中的至少一项所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内;
配置导频的频率域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对应的预设频率域 密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度 中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息包括: 调制格式;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息还包括: 编码方式和 /或码率;
当配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围 内时,进一步在配置完成后根据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设时间域调整 值进行微调;
当配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设频率域调整 值进行微调。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息包括调制格式、 编码方式和码率中的至少一 个;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内的频率 i或密度越大;
当码字纠错能力越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当码率越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且 所对应的预设频率域范围内的频率域密度越大。
可选的, 配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时间域密 度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码率中的 至少一项所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内;
配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码率中的至少一 项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
可选的, 当配置导频的时间 i或和频率 i或密度时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的正交频分复用 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依 据导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个 要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 将预定的子载波作为起始插入位置, 依据导频的频 率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
可选的, 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依据导频的时间 域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
可选的, 当配置导频的频率域密度时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的子载波设置为起始插入位置, 依据导频的频率域 密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要插入导频的子载 波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
一种实施例中, 所述将配置结果发送给通信对端, 具体包括:
在发送给通信对端的信号中携带用于指示导频配置结果的信息; 或者, 在控制信道向通信对端发送指示导频配置结果的信令。
一种无线通信系统中导频的配置装置, 该装置包括:
配置单元, 基于当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和 系统需求信息中的至少一项,在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频; 发送单元, 将所述配置单元的配置结果发送给通信对端。
一种实施例中, 所述配置单元, 配置导频的时间域密度在当前的无线信 道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应 的预设时间域密度范围内; 和 /或, 配置导频的频率域密度在当前无线信道特 征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预 设频率域密度范围内。
可选的, 所述无线信道特征参数包括: 无线信道相关带宽和无线信道相 关时间;
当无线信道相关带宽越宽时, 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域 密度越小;
当无线信道相关时间越长时, 所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内的时间 ^戈 密度越小。
可选的, 所述通信对端的设备能力信息包括: 频率同步精度和 /或釆样相 位同步精度;
当频率同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当釆样相位同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域 密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小。
可选的, 所述配置单元, 配置导频的时间域密度在通信对端的设备能力 信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在频率同步 精度和釆样相位同步精度中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内; 所述配置单元, 配置导频的频率域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对 应的预设频率域密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在频率同步精度和釆 样相位同步精度中的至少一项所对应的预设频率域密度范围内。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息包括: 调制格式;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息还包括: 编码方式和 /或码率;
所述配置单元在配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时 间域密度范围内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预 设调整值进行微调;
所述配置单元在配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频 率域密度范围内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预 设调整值进行微调。
可选的, 所述系统需求信息包括调制格式、 编码方式和码率中的至少一 个;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内的频率 i或密度越大;
当码字纠错能力越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当码率越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
可选的, 所述配置单元, 配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应 的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错 能力和码率中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内;
所述配置单元, 配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频 率域密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码 率中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
可选的, 所述配置单元中包括:
设置模块,在资源块内,将预定的正交频分复用 OFDM符号设置为起始插 入位置, 依据导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然 后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号,将预定的子载波作为起始插入位置,依 据导频的频率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
可选的, 所述配置单元中包括:
设置模块, 在资源块内, 将预定的 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依据 导频的时间域密度配置结果,确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要 插入导频的 OFDM符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
可选的, 所述配置单元中包括:
设置模块, 在资源块内, 将预定的子载波设置为起始插入位置, 依据导 频的频率域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要插入 导频的子载波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
一种实施例中, 所述发送单元在发送给通信对端的信号中携带用于指示 导频配置结果的信息, 或者, 在控制信道向通信对端发送指示导频配置结果 的信令。
综上所述, 本发明提供的导频调整技术方案, 依据设备能力以及系统需 求、 发射机与接收机之间的信道特征, 为不同传输配置恰当的导频数量, 当 发射机与接收机之间的无线传播环境变化时, 导频配置也随之变化。 根据本 发明不仅可根据设备性能及系统需求调整导频的配置, 还可基于无线传播环 境变化改变导频配置, 这样使得导频的配置可自适应通信链路变化, 既有助 于提高传输可靠性, 且能够增加系统平均容量。 附图说明
图 1 为现有技术中 LTE-Advanced 系统在每个时频资源块内的导频配置 示意图;
图 2 为本发明提供的无线通信系统中导频的配置方法流程图; 图 3为本发明实施例中配置的一种导频的示意图;
图 4本发明实施例中的传输帧的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明另一实施例中配置的一种导频的示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例中导频的配置装置的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
鉴于现有技术中的不足, 本发明提出无线通信系统中导频的配置方法, 能够自适应移动通信环境变化、 设备能力以及系统需求进行导频的配置, 该 方法适用于各种无线通信系统。
本发明的基本思想如下: 基于当前的通信对端的设备能力信息、 系统需 求信息、 及发射机与接收机之间的无线信道特征中的至少一项, 在传输过程 中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频。
参照图 2, 本发明提供的一种无线通信系统中导频的配置方法, 包括如下 步骤:
501 ,基于当前的无线信道特征参数、通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需 求信息中的至少一项, 在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频。
不同的传输包括针对不同通信对端的传输、 或针对相同通信对端的不同 次传输等各种情况。
502 , 将配置结果发送给通信对端。
作为一种可选的实施例, 步骤 S01中的实时配置导频包括: 配置导频的 时间域密度和 /或频率域密度。 当只配置导频的时间域密度时,导频的频率域 密度可以预先设定且固定不变, 当只配置导频的频率域密度时, 导频的时间 域密度可以预先设定且固定不变。
进一步, 预先为不同的无线信道特征参数设置不同的时间域密度范围和 频率域范围, 为不同的设备能力信息设置不同的时间域密度范围和频率域范 围, 为不同的系统需求信息设置不同的时间域密度范围和频率域范围。 每一 种时间域密度范围和频率域密度范围中, 都包含一个以上具体的密度。
在此基础上, 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在当 前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少 一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内。 当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导 频的频率域密度在当前无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统 需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
具体的, 如果只基于无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系 统需求中的一项配置导频。
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在所依据的信息所 对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导频的频率域密度在所依据的信息所 对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
如果同时基于无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求 中的两项以上配置导频。
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 先分别确定所依据的两项以上信息所对应 的预设时间 i或密度范围, 当确定出的两个以上密度范围相近或相同时, 例如 两个密度范围存在共同的部分, 配置导频的时间 i或密度同时在所依据的两项 信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 当确定出的两个以上密度范围差别 艮 大时, 例如两个密度范围不存在共同的部分, 才艮据实际应用需求或预定准则 选择出一个密度范围, 配置导频的时间域密度在选择出的密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 先分别确定所依据的两项以上信息所对应 的预设频率域密度范围, 当确定出的两个以上密度范围相近或相同时, 例如 两个密度范围存在共同的部分, 配置导频的频率域密度同时在所依据的两项 信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围内, 当确定出的两个以上密度范围差别很 大时, 例如两个密度范围不存在共同的部分, 才艮据实际应用需求或预定准则 选择出一个密度范围, 配置导频的频率域密度在选择出的密度范围内。
举一个筒单的例子, 例如, 同时基于无线信道特征参数和系统需求信息 来配置导频的时间域密度时。 基于无线信道特征参数确定每隔 16个 OFDM符 号插入一个导频, 基于系统需求信息确定每隔 8个 OFDM符号插入一个导频, 根据实际应用需求或预定准则, 最终配置导频的时间域密度为每隔 8个 OFDM 符号插入一个导频。
无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息, 又分别 可以包括多种具体的参数, 下面基于这些具体的参数, 说明实时配置导频的 各种实施例。
作为一种可选的实施例, 无线信道特征参数可以包括: 无线信道相关时 间和无线信道相关带宽。 当无线信道相关带宽越宽时, 所对应的预设频率域 密度范围内的频率域密度越小, 当无线信道相关时间越长时, 所对应的预设 时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越小。
在此基础上, 如果只基于当前的无线信道特征参数配置导频, 实时配置 导频包括:
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在当前的无线信道 相关时间所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内。 当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导频的频率域密度在当前的无线信道 相关带宽所对应的预设频率域密度范围内。
作为一种可选的实施例, 通信对端的设备能力信息可以包括: 频率同步 精度和 /或釆样相位同步精度。 当频率同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域 密度范围内的时间 i或密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内的频率 i或 密度越小, 当釆样相位同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的 时间域密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小。
在此基础上, 如果只基于当前的通信对端的设备能力信息配置导频, 实 时配置导频包括:
如果只基于频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度的其中一个配置导频。 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在所依据的那项信 息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导频 的频率域密度在所依据的那项信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围内。
如果同时基于频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度配置导频。
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 先分别确定当前的频率同步精度和釆样相 位同步精度所对应的预设时间域密度范围, 如果确定出的两个密度范围相近 或相同, 例如两个密度范围存在共同的部分, 配置导频的时间 i或密度同时在 频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 如果确 定出的两个密度范围差别很大, 例如两个密度范围不存在公共的部分, 根据 实际应用需求或预定准则, 选择出一个密度范围, 然后配置导频的时间域密 度在该选择出密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 先分别确定当前的频率同步精度和釆样相 位同步精度对应的预设频率域密度范围, 如果确定出的两个密度范围相近或 相同, 例如两个密度范围存在共同的部分, 配置导频的频率 i或密度同时在频 率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度所对应的预设频率域密度范围内, 如果确定 出的两个密度范围差别很大, 例如两个密度范围不存在公共的部分, 根据实 际应用需求或预定准则, 选择一个密度范围, 然后配置导频的频率域密度在 该选择出的密度范围内。
举一个筒单的例子, 假设上述频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度釆用不 同的时钟源, 则有可能精度差别很大, 以配置导频的时间域密度为例, 会出 现频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度所对应的预设时间域密度范围差别很大 的情况, 此时可以选择精度较差的那一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围来配 置导频。
作为一种可选的实施例, 系统需求信息包括调制格式, 调制格式具体指 调制阶数。 当调制阶数越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密 度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
在此基础上, 如果只基于当前的系统需求信息配置导频, 实时配置导频 包括:
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在调制阶数所对应 的预设时间 i或密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导频的频率域密度在调制阶数所对应 的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
进一步, 系统需求信息还可以包括编码方式和 /或码率,其中编码方式具 体指码字纠错能力, 码率具体指编码码率。 码字纠错能力对应有预设时间域 调整值和预设频率 i或调整值, 码率对应有预设时间 i或调整值和预设频率 i或调 整值。 这里的各种预设调整值根据系统实际的性能确定。 此时, 实时配置导频的过程中, 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 在基于调 制阶数完成配置后,可以再进一步根据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设时间 域调整值进行啟调。 当配置导频的频率域密度时, 在基于调制阶数完成配置 后,可以再进一步根据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设频率域调整值进行微 调。
作为一种可选的实施例, 系统需求信息包括: 调制格式、 编码方式和码 率中的至少一个。 其中调制格式具体指调制阶数, 编码方式具体指码字纠错 能力, 码率具体指编码码率。 当调制阶数越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度 范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度 越大, 当码字纠错能力越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密 度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小, 当码率越高 时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频 率域范围内的频率域密度越大。
在此基础上, 如果只基于当前的系统需求信息配置导频, 实时配置导频 包括:
如果只基于调制格式、 编码方式和码率中的一项配置导频。
当配置导频的时间域密度时, 配置导频的时间域密度在所依据的那项信 息对应的预设时间域密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 配置导频的频率域密度在所依据的那项信 息对应的预设频率域密度范围内。
如果同时基于调制格式、 编码方式和码率中的两项以上配置导频。 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 先分别确定所依据的两项以上信息所对应 的预设时间域密度范围, 如果确定出的两个以上密度范围相近或相同, 例如 确定出的两个以上密度范围存在公共的部分, 配置导频的时间 i或密度同时在 所依据的两项以上信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 如果确定出的两个 以上密度范围差别很大, 例如确定出的两个以上密度范围不存在公共部分, 根据实际应用需求或预定准则选择出一个密度范围, 然后配置导频的时间域 密度在选择出的密度范围内。
当配置导频的频率域密度时, 先分别确定所依据的两项以上信息所对应 的预设频率 i或密度范围, 如果确定出的两个以上密度范围相近, 例如确定出 的两个以上密度范围存在公共的部分, 配置导频的频率域密度同时在所依据 的两项以上信息所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内, 如果确定出的两个以上密 度范围差别 4艮大, 例如确定出的两个以上密度范围不存在公共的部分, 才艮据 实际应用需求选择出一个密度范围, 然后配置导频的频率域密度在选择出的 密度范围内。
本发明中导频的配置方法取得了如下技术效果:
第一、 当基于通信对端的设备能力信息配置导频时, 有助于提高传输可 靠性、 保证通信质量;
第二、 当基于系统需求信息配置导频时, 可自适应系统需求的变化, 减 少导频开销;
第三、 当基于无线信道特征参数配置导频时, 使得导频的配置可自适应 通信链路变化, 适用于更多的信道环境和应用场景。
为使本发明的原理、 特性和优点更加清楚, 下面结合具体应用实例对本 发明进行详细描述。 以下实施例中均以中心接入点(CAP )作为配置端, 以站 点 ( STA ) 作为 CAP的通信对端, 并且以解调导频的配置为例。 应用实例一
本应用实例中, CAP基于当前的无线信道特征参数配置导频。
CAP 获取当前的无线信道特征参数的方式有很多种, 例如, 通过信道测 量得到, 或者通过与 STA进行信息交互得到。
本应用实例中, 假定 STA1处于移动状态, STA2与 STA0处于静止状态。
CAP通过信道;;则量( Ϊ列^口: 多普勒 i普:;则量)可获 口 STA0、 STA1、 STA2 ^ 相关时间, 通过信道测量(例如功率延迟谱测量)可获知 STA0、 STA1、 STA2 的相关带宽。具体地, 处于移动状态的 STA1的无线信道相关时间小于处于静 止状态的 STA0和 STA2的无线信道相关时间,处于移动状态的 STA1的无线信 道相关带宽小于处于静止状态的 STA0和 STA2的无线信道相关带宽。
如果当前既配置导频的时间域密度、 又配置导频的频率域密度, 配置过 程具体包括:
步骤 1 : 基于无线信道相关时间, 配置导频的时间域密度。
例如, CAP在时间域对导频的配置结果如图 3所示, 具体地, 针对 STA1 每 32个 OFDM符号配置一组导频, 针对 STA0与 STA2 , 每 256个 OFDM符号配 置一组导频。
步骤 2 : 基于无线信道相关带宽, 配置导频的频率域密度。
例如, CAP针对 STA1 , 每 2 个有用的子载波配置一组导频, 针对 STA0 与 STA2 , 每 4个有用的子载波配置一组导频。
CAP在用于指示调度资源的控制信道中, 通过设置数比特信令(如: 1-2 比特 )指示配置的导频的时间域周期(即 OFDM符号间隔 )和导频频率域周期 (即子载波间隔)。
以下行数据传输为例, CAP 在下行传输过程中按照配置结果插入导频包 括如下操作: 在给 STA分配的资源块内,将第一个 OFDM符号作为时间域导频 的起始插入位置, 然后 艮据导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 将第一个子载波作为导 频的起始插入位置, 根据导频的频率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
除上述配置过程外, 也可以只配置导频的时间 i或密度或只配置导频的频 率域密度。
如果只配置导频的时间域密度, CAP在下行数据传输过程中插入导频时, 在给 STA分配的资源块内, 将第一个 OFDM符号作为时间域导频的插入位置, 并按照导频的时间域密度配置结果,确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对 每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
如果只配置导频的频率域密度, CAP在下行数据传输过程中插入导频时, 在给 STA分配的资源块内, 将第一个子载波作为导频的起始插入位置, 并按 照导频的频率域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要 插入导频的子载波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
CAP插入的导频, 可能在时间域占用 1个或多个连续的 OFDM符号, CAP 可以根据空时流数确定出要插入的导频在时间域所占用的 OFDM符号数。
在上行传输中, STA将按照 CAP通知的配置结果, 在资源块内插入导频, 插入导频的具体方式与 CAP相同。
本应用实例中, 根据 STA与 CAP之间的无线信道状况来调整导频配置, 这样可自适应通信链路变化, 有助于提高传输可靠性、 保证通信质量, 并能 够增加系统平均容量, 同时适用于更多的信道环境和应用场景。 应用实例二 本应用实例中, CAP基于通信对端的设备能力信息配置导频。
CAP与 STA1和 STA2进行设备能力交互。 为了克服同步误差对 OFDM数据 符号检测带来的影响, CAP 不得不每隔一段周期发射一组导频, 用于校正同 步误差导致的相位偏移累积, 如图 4中所示的传输帧结构中下行传输信道中 为 SAT1设置的导频。
CAP 获取通信对端的设备能力信息的方式有艮多种, 例如, 可以通过与 STA进行能力协商得到。
假定 STA1属于低端设备, 其釆样同步、 频率同步误差较大。 STA2属于 高端设备, 其釆样同步、 频率同步误差较小。 釆样同步误差会随 OFDM符号的 增加而累积。
假设当前基于频率同步精度配置导频的时间域密度和频率域密度, 配置 过程具体包括:
步骤 1 : 基于频率同步精度, 配置导频的时间域密度。
Ϊ列 ^口, CAP西己置^;结果 ^口图 5所示, 具体 ^;, 4十对 STA1每隔 16个 OFDM 符号配置一组导频, 针对 STA2每隔 512个 OFDM符号配置一组导频。
步骤 2 : 在频率域, 基于频率同步精度配置导频。
例如, 针对 STA1每隔 2个有用子载波配置一组导频, 针对 STA2每隔 4 个有用子载波配置一组导频。
CAP在用于指示调度资源的控制信道中, 通过设置数比特信令(如: 1-2 比特) 指示导频的时间域周期和频率域周期。
以下行数据传输为例, CAP 按照配置结果在下行传输过程中插入导频包 括如下操作: 在给 STA分配的资源块内,将第一个 OFDM符号作为导频的起始 插入位置, 按照导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号,将第一个子载波作为导频的起始插入 位置, 按照导频的频率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
在上行传输中, STA将按照 CAP通知的配置结果, 在资源块内插入导频, 插入导频的具体方式与 CAP相同。
本应用实例中, 根据 STA的设备能力信息来调整导频配置, 对于设备能 力不同的 STA釆用不同的导频配置, 这样有助于提高传输可靠性、 保证通信 质量。 应用实例三
本应用实例中, 基于系统需求信息配置导频。 系统需求信息为 CAP已知 的信息。
无线通信系统中的 STA1距离 CAP较近, STA2距离 CAP较远。
本应用实例中, 假设分别基于调制阶数和码率来配置导频。
在下行传输阶段, STA1距离 CAP较近, 链路传播损耗小, STA1接收信号 功率较高, 因此可釆用较高阶的调制方式,如 64QAM ,进行数据传输。 而 STA2 距离 CAP较远, 链路传播损耗大, STA2接收信号功率较低, 因此, 釆用较低 阶的调制方式, 如 QPSK , 进行数据传输。 由于高阶调制相比 4氏阶调制对信道 快衰落更为敏感, 因此 CAP为 STA1配置的导频相对更密, 为 STA2配置的导 频相对更稀疏。
另外, 由于信道环境若 STA1釆用的编码码率较高, 而 STA2釆用的编码 码率较低, 在此为了适应这种码率的变化, 以保证通信可靠性, 在频率域和 时间 i或为 STA1配置的导频相对更密, 即导频密度越大。
本应用实例提供的技术方案中, 根据系统需求信息配置导频, 这样可自 适应系统需求的变化, 有助于提高传输可靠性、 保证通信质量, 并能够增加 系统平均容量, 同时减少导频的开销。 应用实例四
本应用实例给出 CAP发送导频配置结果的具体方式。
支设无线信道特征参数对应的预设时间域密度范围有两个, 其中一个预 设时间域密度范围内包括一个具体的时间域密度,用时域导频间隔 0来表示, 另一个预设时间域密度范围内包括另一个具体的时间域密度, 用时域导频间 隔 1 来表示。 时域导频间隔 0指短导频间隔 (具体含义是每隔多少个 OFDM 符号插入一组导频), 时域导频间隔 1指长导频间隔(具体含义是每隔多少个 OFDM符号插入一组导频)。
假设通信对端的设备能力信息及系统需求信息分别对应的预设时间域密 度范围, 与上述无线信道特征参数的相同。
CAP在周期性广播的广播信息帧( BCF )中广播时域导频间隔 0和时域导 频间隔 1分别指示的 OFDM符号个数, 各 STA在接入 CAP所在的无线网络时, 即可通过检测 BCF获知这两个参数。
当 CAP为某个 STA实时配置导频的时间域密度后, 具体通过控制信道的 调度信令中的 1个比特, 来指示当前配置的是时域导频间隔 0还是时域导频 间隔 1。
£设本应用实例中的无线信道特征参数对应的预设频率域密度范围有三 个, 其中, 第一个预设的频率域密度范围中包括一种频率域密度, 用频域导 频图样 1表示, 第二个预设的频率域密度范围中包括一种频率域密度, 用频 域导频图样 2表示, 第三个预设的频率域密度范围中包括一种频率域密度, 用频域导频图样 3表示。 上述频域导频图样 1对应每隔 1个有用子载波插入 导频, 频域导频图样 2对应每隔 2个有用子载波插入导频, 频域导频图样 3 对应每隔 4个有用子载波插入导频。
假设通信对端的设备能力信息及系统需求信息分别对应的预设时间域密 度范围, 与上述无线信道特征参数的相同。
当 CAP为某个 STA实时配置导频的频率域密度后, 具体通过控制信道的 调度信令中的 2个比特来指示当前配置的是频域导频图样 1、频域导频图样 2 还是频域导频图样 3。
以上应用实例中均与解调导频为例进行描述, 实际上, 本发明的配置方 法还可以用于其他类型导频的配置, 例如探测导频。 本发明提供一种无线通信系统中导频的配置装置 100, 如图 6所示, 该 装置 100包括:
配置单元 20, 基于当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息 和系统需求信息中的至少一项, 在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导 频。
发送单元 30, 将配置单元 20的配置结果发送给通信对端。
作为一种可选的实施例, 装置 100中还可以包括获取单元 10, 用于获取 无线信道特征参数、通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项。 当获取无线信道特征参数时, 获取单元 10具体包括:
测量单元 10a, 用于测量与发射端与接收端之间的无线信道, 获取所述 无线信道特征参数; 或
通信单元 10b, 用于与发射端与接收端进行信息交互, 得到所述无线信 道特征参数。
作为一种可选的实施例,配置单元 20中可以进一步包括:设置模块 20a, 在资源块内,将预定的正交频分复用 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置,依据导 频的时间域密度配置结果,确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要插 入导频的 OFDM符号,将预定的子载波作为起始插入位置,依据导频的频率域 密度配置结果, 插入导频。
作为一种可选的实施例,配置单元 20中可以进一步包括:设置模块 20a, 在资源块内,将预定的 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置,依据导频的时间域密 度配置结果,确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号,然后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM 符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
作为一种可选的实施例,配置单元 20中可以进一步包括:设置模块 20a, 在资源块内, 将预定的子载波设置为起始插入位置, 依据导频的频率域密度 配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要插入导频的子载波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
作为一种可选的实施例, 配置单元 20 按照前文所述的配置方式执行操 作, 发送单元 30按照前文所述的发送方式执行操作。
本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上, 但其并不是用来限定本发明, 任何 本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内, 都可以做出可能的变动和 修改, 因此本发明的保护范围应当以本发明权利要求所界定的范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种无线通信系统中导频的配置方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括: 基于当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求信 息中的至少一项, 在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频;
将配置结果发送给通信对端。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述实时配置导频包括: 配置导频的时间域密度, 在当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备 能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内; 和 /或, 配置导频的频率域密度, 在当前无线信道特征参数、 通信对端 的设备能力信息和系统需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述无线信道特征参数包括: 无线信道相关带宽和无线信道相关时间;
当无线信道相关带宽越宽时, 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域 密度越小;
当无线信道相关时间越长时, 所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内的时间 ^戈 密度越小。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述通信对端的设备能力信 息包括: 频率同步精度和 /或釆样相位同步精度;
当频率同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当釆样相位同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域 密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 配置导频的时间 i或密度在通 信对端的设备能力信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间 域密度在频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度中的至少一项所对应的预设时间 域密度范围内;
配置导频的频率域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对应的预设频率域 密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度 中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
6. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述系统需求信息包括: 调 制格式;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述系统需求信息还包括: 编码方式和 /或码率;
当配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围 内时,进一步在配置完成后根据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设时间域调整 值进行微调;
当配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预设频率域调整 值进行微调。
8. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述系统需求信息包括调制 格式、 编码方式和码率中的至少一个;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内的频率 i或密度越大;
当码字纠错能力越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当码率越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且 所对应的预设频率域范围内的频率域密度越大。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 配置导频的时间域密度在系 统需求信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在调 制阶数、码字纠错能力和码率中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内; 配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频率域密度范围 内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码率中的至少一 项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
10. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当配置导频的时间域和频 率域密度时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的正交频分复用 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依 据导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个 要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 将预定的子载波作为起始插入位置, 依据导频的频 率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
11. 如权利要求 2所述的方法,其特征在于, 当配置导频的时间域密度时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依据导频的时间 域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
12. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当配置导频的频率域密度 时, 还包括:
在资源块内, 将预定的子载波设置为起始插入位置, 依据导频的频率域 密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要插入导频的子载 波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
13. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将配置结果发送给通 信对端, 具体包括:
在发送给通信对端的信号中携带用于指示导频配置结果的信息;
或者, 在控制信道向通信对端发送指示导频配置结果的信令。
14. 一种无线通信系统中导频的配置装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括: 配置单元, 基于当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和 系统需求信息中的至少一项,在传输过程中针对不同的传输, 实时配置导频; 发送单元, 将所述配置单元的配置结果发送给通信对端。
15. 如权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征 ^于, 所述配置单元, 配置导频 的时间域密度在当前的无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统 需求信息中的至少一项所对应的预设时间域密度范围内; 和 /或, 配置导频的 频率域密度在当前无线信道特征参数、 通信对端的设备能力信息和系统需求 信息中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
16. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于,所述无线信道特征参数包 括: 无线信道相关带宽和无线信道相关时间;
当无线信道相关带宽越宽时, 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域 密度越小; 当无线信道相关时间越长时, 所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内的时间 ^戈 密度越小。
17. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于,所述通信对端的设备能力 信息包括: 频率同步精度和 /或釆样相位同步精度;
当频率同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当釆样相位同步精度越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域 密度越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小。
18. 如权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述配置单元, 配置导频 的时间域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频的时间域密度在频率同步精度和釆样相位同步精度中的至少一项 所对应的预设时间 i或密度范围内;
所述配置单元, 配置导频的频率域密度在通信对端的设备能力信息所对 应的预设频率域密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在频率同步精度和釆 样相位同步精度中的至少一项所对应的预设频率域密度范围内。
19. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述系统需求信息包括: 调制格式;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
20. 如权利要求 19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述系统需求信息还包括: 编码方式和 /或码率;
所述配置单元在配置导频的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时 间域密度范围内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预 设调整值进行微调;
所述配置单元在配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频 率域密度范围内时,进一步在配置完成后才艮据编码方式和 /或码率所对应的预 设调整值进行微调。
21. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于,所述系统需求信息包括调 制格式、 编码方式和码率中的至少一个;
当调制阶数越高时,所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内的频率 i或密度越大;
当码字纠错能力越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度 越小, 且所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越小;
当码率越高时, 所对应的预设时间域密度范围内的时间域密度越大, 且 所对应的预设频率域密度范围内的频率域密度越大。
22. 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述配置单元, 配置导频 的时间域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设时间域密度范围内, 是配置导频 的时间域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码率中的至少一项所对应的预设 时间域密度范围内;
所述配置单元, 配置导频的频率域密度在系统需求信息所对应的预设频 率域密度范围内, 是配置导频的频率域密度在调制阶数、 码字纠错能力和码 率中的至少一项所对应的预设频率 i或密度范围内。
23. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述配置单元中包括: 设置模块,在资源块内,将预定的正交频分复用 OFDM符号设置为起始插 入位置, 依据导频的时间域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然 后针对每个要插入导频的 OFDM符号,将预定的子载波作为起始插入位置,依 据导频的频率域密度配置结果, 插入导频。
24. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述配置单元中包括: 设置模块, 在资源块内, 将预定的 OFDM符号设置为起始插入位置, 依据 导频的时间域密度配置结果,确定要插入导频的 OFDM符号, 然后针对每个要 插入导频的 OFDM符号, 在预定的子载波插入导频。
25. 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述配置单元中包括: 设置模块, 在资源块内, 将预定的子载波设置为起始插入位置, 依据导 频的频率域密度配置结果, 确定要插入导频的子载波, 然后针对每个要插入 导频的子载波, 在预定的 OFDM符号插入导频。
26. 如权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于,所述发送单元在发送给通 信对端的信号中携带用于指示导频配置结果的信息, 或者, 在控制信道向通 信对端发送指示导频配置结果的信令。
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