WO2012129719A1 - 具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴 - Google Patents

具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129719A1
WO2012129719A1 PCT/CN2011/000527 CN2011000527W WO2012129719A1 WO 2012129719 A1 WO2012129719 A1 WO 2012129719A1 CN 2011000527 W CN2011000527 W CN 2011000527W WO 2012129719 A1 WO2012129719 A1 WO 2012129719A1
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Prior art keywords
cavity
hole
jet
nozzle
resonant cavity
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/000527
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨立军
富庆飞
谷彬
屈元元
Original Assignee
北京航空航天大学
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Application filed by 北京航空航天大学 filed Critical 北京航空航天大学
Priority to PCT/CN2011/000527 priority Critical patent/WO2012129719A1/zh
Publication of WO2012129719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012129719A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/08—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities ; Fluidic oscillators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle with a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity, which is mainly used in the fields of liquid rocket engine thrust chamber, pre-chamber injector design and liquid atomization.
  • the self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle for complex fluid atomization specifically comprises a sump housing, an injection panel, and a resonant cavity housing.
  • the liquid collecting chamber shell and the injection panel are connected by flanges and sealed by a sealing gasket, so that a large cavity is formed between the liquid collecting chamber shell and the injection panel, which is called a liquid collecting chamber.
  • the center of the bottom of the injection panel has a circular truncated concave space, and two or more injection holes are symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the side of the concave space of the circular table.
  • the axis of the injection hole is at an angle to the central axis of the injection panel, and the angle ranges from 15 to 15 Between ° and 45°, and all orifice axes intersect at a point on the central axis of the injection panel.
  • a spray hole inlet is arranged on the side of the upper center round table of the injection panel, and an internal thread is formed at the entrance of the spray hole.
  • a resonant cavity inlet is arranged on the cavity of the resonant cavity, and an external thread is formed on the outer surface of the resonant cavity, the resonance
  • the chamber housing is connected to the injection panel through an internal thread of the spout inlet. Two or more resonant cavities are formed between the cavity housing and the injection panel.
  • the self-oscillation of the jet is generated by the upstream cylindrical cavity: due to the continuous reflection of the disturbing wave of the flow in the cavity, a self-oscillating pulse jet appears.
  • the self-oscillating pulse jet is ejected by two or more orifices, and is atomized after being impacted.
  • the shortcoming of this technology is that the self-excited oscillation formed by the cylindrical cavity is not strong, the jet impact force is not strong, and the atomization effect has further potential.
  • the present invention is directed to a self-oscillating jet collision nozzle having a conical reflecting surface resonator, which can improve the atomization effect of the self-oscillating jet impinging on the nozzle and improve the combustion efficiency and specific impulse of the liquid rocket engine.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle having a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity, which can achieve better atomization effect at a lower pressure and improve the combustion efficiency and ratio of the liquid rocket engine. Punching, and convenient and reliable, simple structure.
  • the invention provides a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle with a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity, the technical proposal of which is: the fluid enters the collecting chamber from the supply system, and is in the form of a high-speed jet from the entrance of the resonant cavity located in the collecting chamber. Entering the resonant cavity, due to the sudden expansion of the flow channel area and the exchange of momentum between the gas and the jet in the cavity, an unstable shear layer of a certain thickness is formed, and the vortex is sandwiched in the shear layer and moves downstream. When the jet with the initial disturbance reaches the downstream collision wall together with the continuously generated vortex, a pressure disturbance wave of a certain frequency is induced in the collision zone.
  • the disturbing wave is reflected upstream again to the upstream inlet. If the pressure wave phase is the same as the initial oscillation phase of the jet, the oscillation of the entire fluid is superimposed and amplified. The above process is repeated, that is, a self-oscillating pulse jet appears.
  • the presence of a conical reflecting surface The perturbation of the domain propagates to the sensitive shear layer separation region, which facilitates the formation of the quasi-order large structure vortex, thereby causing self-oscillation.
  • an appropriate reflective cone angle minimizes intracavity losses.
  • the self-oscillating pulse jet is ejected from two or more orifices, and the jet impinges upon formation of a liquid film. Since the jet forms self-oscillation, the liquid film formed after the jet impact will become more unstable, shorten the liquid film breakage distance, and accelerate the liquid film breakage and atomization.
  • the invention relates to a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle with a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity: specifically comprising a liquid collecting chamber shell, an injection panel and a resonant cavity shell.
  • the connection relationship is: Collecting chamber
  • the center of the upper part of the housing has a threaded hole for connection to the supply line.
  • the liquid collection chamber housing and the injection panel are flanged and sealed by a gasket, so that a large cavity is formed between the liquid collection chamber housing and the injection panel, which is called a liquid collection chamber.
  • the center of the bottom of the injection panel has a circular truncated concave space, and two or more injection holes are symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the side of the concave space of the circular table.
  • the axis of the injection hole is at an angle to the central axis of the injection panel, and the angle ranges from 15 to 15 Between ° and 45°, and all orifice axes intersect at a point on the central axis of the injection panel.
  • the injection hole entrance is arranged on the side of the center circular table on the upper part of the injection panel.
  • the outer surface of the cavity housing has an outer spiral, and two or more resonant cavities are formed between the cavity housing and the injection panel.
  • the utility model is characterized in that: the outer surface of the nozzle opening is a conical reflecting surface, the inlet of the nozzle hole is located in a counterbore, and the side wall of the counterbore has an internal thread; the upper section of the inner hole of the resonant cavity housing has a small diameter The entrance of the cavity, the middle section is a conical hole with a large upper and lower, and the lower section is a straight hole with a larger diameter; the external thread of the outer surface of the cavity of the cavity is connected with the internal thread at the side wall of the counterbore.
  • the diameter of the orifice should be smaller than the diameter of the inlet of the resonator; the ratio of the diameter of the straight hole of the cavity to the diameter of the orifice should be 6 ⁇ 9, the length of the cavity (ie from the inlet of the orifice to the cavity) The ratio of the length at the entrance to the diameter of the straight hole of the cavity should be 0.4 ⁇ 0.9; the angle between the tapered reflector busbar and the centerline of the cavity should be between 50° and 90°. The best angle is 60°.
  • the orifice is a cylindrical hole or a tapered hole, and the shrinkage angle of the hole ranges from 0 to 30°.
  • the entrance of the cavity is a cylindrical hole or a tapered hole, and the contraction angle of the hole ranges from 0 to
  • the invention discloses a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle with a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity, and the advantages and effects thereof are as follows: the nozzle can achieve better atomization effect on a complex fluid under a lower pressure, and is convenient and reliable.
  • the structure is simple; compared with the self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle with a cylindrical resonant cavity, the resonant cavity design is more reasonable, and the atomization performance of the self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle is effectively improved.
  • Figure 1 Two self-oscillating jet impingement nozzles of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 A-A cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 An enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 Sectional view of the collection chamber housing.
  • Figure 5 Top view of the collection chamber housing.
  • Figure 6 Bottom view of the injection panel.
  • Figure 7 A-A cross-sectional view of Figure 6.
  • Figure 8 An enlarged view of part B of Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the cavity housing.
  • Figure 10 Three self-excited oscillating jet impinging nozzles of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 9.
  • Figure 12 An enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 9.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the present invention is a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle having a conical reflecting surface cavity, mainly composed of a sump housing 1, an injection panel 2, a gasket 3, and a resonance.
  • the chamber housing 4 is composed.
  • 4 and 5 are the liquid collection chamber casing 1, which is composed of a liquid collection chamber inlet 11 and a liquid collection chamber 12.
  • a center of the bottom of the injection molding panel 2 has a truncated concave space 23, and two injection holes 21 are symmetrically arranged perpendicular to the side surface 231 of the concave space of the circular table, the injection holes 21 and the injection holes
  • the axes of the panels 2 are arranged at an angle and symmetrically, the angles being in the range of 15° to 45°, and all of the orifice axes intersecting a point on the central axis of the injection panel.
  • FIG. 9 is a resonant cavity housing 4 having a resonant cavity 41 and a resonant cavity inlet 42 therein; the outer surface of the resonant cavity housing 4 has external threads.
  • the liquid collection chamber housing 1 and the injection molding panel 2 are connected by flanges by bolts.
  • the liquid collection chamber housing 1 and the injection panel 2 are sealed by a gasket 3 to prevent fluid leakage.
  • the internal threads of the side walls of the two counterbore 25 are connected to the external threads of the outer surfaces of the two cavity housings 4, so that two cavity 41 are formed between the injection panel 2 and the two cavity housings 4.
  • the upper section of the resonant cavity 41 is
  • the smaller diameter cavity inlet 42 has a conical hole with a large upper and a lower diameter, and a lower hole with a larger diameter.
  • the cavity inlet 42 is located in the sump 12, and the exit of the cavity is the orifice 21.
  • the ratio is in the range of 6 to 9, the length of the cavity 41 (i.e., the length from the entrance of the nozzle to the entrance of the cavity).
  • the ratio of the diameter D x of the straight hole of the cavity 41 is in the range of 0.4 to 0.9, and the nozzle hole 21 Diameter D.
  • the diameter of the busbar D io conical reflecting surface 24 and the center line of the resonant cavity 41 should be between 50° and 90°, and the optimum angle is 60°.
  • the complex fluid in the supply system line flows into the sump 12 through the sump inlet 11.
  • the flow then enters the two resonant cavities 41 in the form of a high velocity jet from the two cavity inlets 42 located in the sump 12, respectively. Due to the sudden enlargement of the flow path area and the shearing between the gas and the jet originally existing in the cavity 41, a disturbing effect is formed on the jet.
  • the disturbed jet continues to move toward the exit of the cavity, i.e., the orifice 21, and as the jet reaches the orifice 21 along with the evolving disturbance, collides with the tapered reflector 24, which causes the disturbance of the collision zone.
  • the sensitive shear layer separation region propagates, which is conducive to the formation of the quasi-order large structure vortex, which leads to self-oscillation. Moreover, when the tapered reflecting surface 24 has a suitable reflecting surface taper angle, the intracavity loss can be minimized.
  • the disturbing wave is again reflected upstream to the cavity inlet 42. If the phase of the disturbed wave reflected back is the same as the initial disturbance phase of the jet, the oscillation of the entire fluid will be superimposed and amplified. The disturbed wave is repeatedly reflected and superimposed in the resonant cavity 41 to form a self-excited oscillation pulse jet.
  • the self-oscillating pulse jet is ejected from the two injection holes 21 and collides somewhere downstream of the injection panel 2 to be atomized. Since the self-oscillating jet is very unstable, and the two jets use each other's momentum, the fluid atomization effect is better.
  • Embodiment 2 :
  • the present invention is a self-oscillating jet impinging nozzle having a conical reflecting surface resonant cavity.
  • the second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12.
  • the main difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is: the bottom of the injection panel 2
  • Three injection holes 21 are evenly arranged, correspondingly having three injection hole inlets 22 in the upper portion of the injection panel. This constitutes three self-oscillating jet impingement nozzles.
  • Both the orifice 21 and the cavity inlet 42 are designed in the form of a tapered channel, which reduces the apparent viscosity of complex fluids and improves the atomization of complex fluids.
  • the complex fluid in the supply system line flows into the sump 12 through the sump inlet 11.
  • the flow then enters the three resonant cavities 41 in the form of a high velocity jet from the three conical cavity inlets 42 located in the sump 12, respectively. Due to the sudden enlargement of the flow path area and the shearing between the gas and the jet originally existing in the cavity 41, a disturbing effect is formed on the jet.
  • the disturbed jet continues to move toward the exit of the cavity, i.e., the orifice 21, and as the jet reaches the orifice 21 with the evolving disturbance, collides with the tapered reflector 24, which causes the disturbance of the collision zone.
  • the sensitive shear layer separation region propagates, which is conducive to the formation of the quasi-order large structure vortex, which leads to self-oscillation. Moreover, when the tapered reflecting surface 24 has a suitable reflecting surface taper angle, the intracavity loss can be minimized.
  • the disturbing wave is again reflected upstream to the cavity inlet 42. If the phase of the disturbed wave reflected back is the same as the initial phase of the jet, the entire fluid The oscillations will be superimposed and amplified. The disturbed wave is repeatedly reflected and superimposed in the resonant cavity 41 to form a self-excited oscillation pulse jet.
  • the self-oscillating pulse jet is ejected from the three conical orifices 21 and collides somewhere downstream of the injection panel 2, thereby atomizing. Due to the use of the cavity inlet 42 and the orifice 21 in the form of a tapered channel, the apparent viscosity of the complex fluid is reduced, and the atomization effect of the complex fluid is improved.

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Description

具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴 技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式 喷嘴， 主要应用于液体火箭发动机推力室、预燃室喷注器设计及液体 雾化等领域。
背景技术
随着航天动力装置对高能能源的追求，含金属颗粒的推进剂成为 化学推进剂的一个重要发展方向。但金属颗粒的推进剂粘度极大， 有 些甚至呈现出非牛顿流体的性质， 使得这些推进剂的雾化及其困难。 本申请人于 2011 年 1 月 4 日申请了中国发明专利， 申请号为 20110000641.3 , 为一种 《用于复杂流体雾化的自激振荡射流撞击式 喷嘴》， 该专利采用两股或多股自激振荡的射流相互撞击的方法使液 体失稳及雾化。该用于复杂流体雾化的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴， 具 体包括集液腔壳体， 喷注面板， 谐振腔壳体。 集液腔壳体与喷注面板 之间通过法兰连接， 并使用密封垫片进行密封， 这样集液腔壳体与喷 注面板之间形成一个大的空腔称为集液腔。喷注面板底部中心有一圆 台形内凹空间， 垂直于圆台内凹空间的侧面对称布置两个或多个喷 孔， 喷孔轴线与喷注面板中心轴线呈一定角度， 该角度取值范围为 15°〜45°之间， 且所有喷孔轴线相交于喷注面板中心轴线上的一点。 喷注面板上部中心圆台侧面布置有喷孔入口， 喷孔入口处有内螺纹。 谐振腔壳体上设有谐振腔入口， 谐振腔壳体外表面有外螺紋， 该谐振 腔壳体通过喷口入口的内螺纹与喷注面板连接。谐振腔壳体与喷注面 板之间形成两个或多个谐振腔。射流的自激振荡是由上游的圆柱形谐 振腔产生的： 由于液流的扰动波在谐振腔内不断地反射撞击， 出现了 自激振荡脉冲射流。 自激振荡脉冲射流由两个或多个喷孔喷出， 相互 撞击后雾化。该技术的不足之处是圆柱形谐振腔形成的自激振荡不强 烈， 射流撞击力不强， 雾化效果还有进一步提高的潜力。
本发明旨在提供一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞 击式喷嘴， 可改善自激振荡射流撞击喷嘴的雾化效果， 提高液体火箭 发动机的燃烧效率和比冲。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射 流撞击式喷嘴， 使用该喷嘴可以在较低压力下达到较好的雾化效果， 提高液体火箭发动机的燃烧效率和比冲， 而且方便可靠， 结构简单。
本发明提供一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式 喷嘴， 其技术方案是： 流体由供应系统进入集液腔， 从位于集液腔内 的谐振腔入口以高速射流的形式进入谐振腔，由于流道面积的突扩以 及腔内气体与射流之间发生动量交换， 形成一定厚度的不稳定剪切 层， 剪切层内夹带着旋涡并向下游运动。 当具有初始扰动的射流与不 断产生的旋涡一起到达下游碰撞壁时，在碰撞区诱发出一定频率的压 力扰动波。该扰动波又高速向上游反射至上游入口处， 若此时压力波 相位与射流初始振荡相位一样， 整个流体的振荡被叠加、放大。 重复 上述过程， 即出现了自激振荡脉冲射流。锥形反射面的存在使碰撞区 域的扰动向敏感的剪切层分离区传播， 有利于拟序大结构旋涡的形 成， 从而引发自激振荡。 对于能产生自激振荡的工况， 适当的反射面 锥角可使腔内损失降至最小。自激振荡脉冲射流由两个或多个喷孔喷 出， 射流撞击形成液膜。 由于射流形成了自激振荡， 射流撞击后所形 成的液膜将变得更不稳定， 缩短液膜破碎距离， 加速液膜破碎雾化。
本发明一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴： 具体包括集液腔壳体， 喷注面板， 谐振腔壳体。 连接关系是： 集液腔 壳体上部中心有螺紋孔可与供应管路连接。集液腔壳体与喷注面板之 间通过法兰连接， 并使用密封垫片进行密封， 这样集液腔壳体与喷注 面板之间形成一个大的空腔称为集液腔。喷注面板底部中心有一圆台 形内凹空间， 垂直于圆台内凹空间的侧面对称布置两个或多个喷孔， 喷孔轴线与喷注面板中心轴线呈一定角度， 该角度取值范围为 15°〜 45°之间， 且所有喷孔轴线相交于喷注面板中心轴线上的一点。 喷注 面板上部中心圆台侧面布置有喷孔入口。 谐振腔壳体外表面有外螺 纹，谐振腔壳体与喷注面板之间形成两个或多个谐振腔。其特征在于： 所述的喷孔入口外表为锥形反射面， 喷孔入口位于一沉孔内， 沉孔侧 壁有内螺纹； 所述的谐振腔壳体的内孔上段为直径较小的谐振腔入 口， 中段为上小下大的圆锥形孔， 下段为直径较大的直孔； 所述的谐 振腔壳体外表面的外螺纹与所述沉孔侧壁处的内螺紋连接。
其中，为了形成自激振荡射流，喷孔直径应小于谐振腔入口直径; 谐振腔直孔的直径与喷孔直径之比范围应为 6〜9， 谐振腔长度 （即 从喷孔入口至谐振腔入口处的长度）与谐振腔直孔的直径之比范围应 为 0.4〜0.9；锥形反射面母线与谐振腔中心线夹角应为 50° 〜90° 之 间， 通过实验发现最佳角度为 60° 。
其中， 喷孔为圆柱形孔或锥形孔， 孔的收缩角范围为 0〜30° 。 其中， 谐振腔入口为圆柱形孔或锥形孔， 孔的收縮角范围为 0〜
30° 。
本发明一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴， 其优点及功效在于：使用该喷嘴可以在较低压力下对复杂流体达到较 好的雾化效果， 而且方便可靠， 结构简单； 与具有圆柱形谐振腔的自 激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴相比， 其谐振腔设计更为合理， 有效提高了自 激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴的雾化性能。
附图说明
图 1 : 本发明实施例一的两股自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴。
图 2: 图 1的 A-A面剖视图。
图 3 : 图 1的局部 C的放大图。
图 4: 集液腔壳体剖面图。
图 5 : 集液腔壳体俯视图。
图 6: 喷注面板仰视图。
图 7: 图 6的 A-A面剖视图。
图 8: 图 7的局部 B的放大图。
图 9: 谐振腔壳体剖视图。
图 10: 本发明实施例二的三股自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴。
图 11 : 图 9的 A-A面剖视图。 图 12: 图 9的局部 C的放大图。
图中标号说明如下：
1集液腔壳体， 2喷注面板， 3密封垫片， 4谐振腔壳体， 11集液 腔进口， 12集液腔， 21喷孔， 22喷孔入口， 23 内凹空间， 231 侧 面， 24 反射面， 25 沉孔， 41谐振腔， 42谐振腔入口。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
如图 1、 2、 3所示， 本发明一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振 荡射流撞击式喷嘴， 主要由集液腔壳体 1、 喷注面板 2、 密封垫片 3 和谐振腔壳体 4组成。 图 4、 5为集液腔壳体 1， 由集液腔进口 11和 集液腔 12组成。 图 6、 7、 8为喷注面板 2， 喷注面板 2底部中心有 一圆台形内凹空间 23， 垂直于圆台内凹空间的侧面 231对称布置有 两个喷孔 21， 喷孔 21与喷注面板 2的轴线成一定角度且对称布置， 该角度取值范围为 15°〜45°之间， 且所有喷孔轴线相交于喷注面板 中心轴线上的一点。 在喷注面板上部布置有两个沉孔 25， 沉孔 25的 侧壁有内螺纹； 两个喷孔入口 22分别位于两个沉孔 25内， 喷孔入口 22的外表面为锥形反射面 24。 图 9为谐振腔壳体 4， 其上设有谐振 腔 41， 以及谐振腔入口 42; 谐振腔壳体 4外表面有外螺紋。 集液腔 壳体 1与喷注面板 2用螺栓以法兰的方式进行连接。集液腔壳体 1与 喷注面板 2之间通过密封垫片 3密封， 防止流体渗漏。 两个沉孔 25 侧壁的内螺纹与两个谐振腔壳体 4外表面的外螺紋相连接，使喷注面 板 2与两个谐振腔壳体 4之间形成两个谐振腔 41。 谐振腔 41上段为 直径较小的谐振腔入口 42， 中段为上小下大的圆锥形孔， 下段为直 径较大的直孔。谐振腔入口 42处于集液腔 12内， 谐振腔的出口即为 喷孔 21。谐振腔 41的直孔的直径 Dx与喷孔 21的直径 Z)。的比值范围 为 6〜9， 谐振腔 41的长度 （即从喷孔入口至谐振腔入口处得长度） ^与谐振腔 41 的直孔的直径 Dx比值的范围为 0.4〜0.9， 喷孔 21的 直径 D。小于谐振腔入口 42的直径 Di o 锥形反射面 24母线与谐振腔 41中心线夹角应为 50° 〜90° 之间，通过实验发现最佳角度为 60° 。
该喷嘴在工作时， 供应系统管路中的复杂流体经集液腔进口 11 流入集液腔 12。 然后液流从位于集液腔 12 内的两个谐振腔入口 42 以高速射流的形式分别进入两个谐振腔 41。 由于流道面积突然扩大 以及谐振腔 41 内原本存在的气体与射流之间发生剪切， 对射流形成 一种扰动的作用。 产生了扰动的射流继续向谐振腔出口即喷孔 21运 动， 当射流与不断发展的扰动一起到达喷孔 21处， 与锥形反射面 24 发生碰撞， 锥形反射面 24使碰撞区域的扰动向敏感的剪切层分离区 传播， 有利于拟序大结构旋涡的形成， 从而引发自激振荡。 而且当锥 形反射面 24具有合适的反射面锥角时，可使谐振腔内损失降至最小。 与锥形反射面 24碰撞后， 扰动波又向上游反射直到谐振腔入口 42。 若反射回来的扰动波相位与射流初始扰动相位一样,整个流体的振荡 将被叠加、 放大。 经扰动波反复在谐振腔 41 内来回反射、 叠加， 形 成了自激振荡脉冲射流。 自激振荡脉冲射流从两个喷孔 21喷出并在 喷注面板 2下游某处相撞， 进而雾化。 由于自激振荡的射流非常不稳 定， 再加上两股射流相互利用对方的动量， 使得流体雾化效果更好。 实施例二：
本发明一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴， 实施例二如图 10、 11、 12所示， 实施例二与实施例一的主要区别在 于： 喷注面板 2底部均匀布置 3个喷孔 21， 对应地在喷注面板上部 有 3个喷孔入口 22。 这样就构成了三股自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴。
施例二与实施例一的另一不同之处在于谐振腔入口 42以及喷孔 21都为锥形通道 （如图 12)， 收缩角度分别为《=30° 和 ^=30° 。 由 于锥形通道内沿着轴线方向流体流动的剪切速率是增大的，这样对于 具有剪切变稀性质的复杂流体就有稀化作用。 将喷孔 21 以及谐振腔 入口 42都设计成锥形通道的形式， 降低了复杂流体的表观粘度， 改 善了复杂流体的雾化效果。
该喷嘴在工作时， 供应系统管路中的复杂流体经集液腔进口 11 流入集液腔 12。 然后液流从位于集液腔 12内的三个锥形的谐振腔入 口 42以高速射流的形式分别进入三个谐振腔 41。 由于流道面积突然 扩大以及谐振腔 41 内原本存在的气体与射流之间发生剪切， 对射流 形成一种扰动的作用。 产生了扰动的射流继续向谐振腔出口即喷孔 21运动， 当射流与不断发展的扰动一起到达喷孔 21处， 与锥形反射 面 24发生碰撞，锥形反射面 24使碰撞区域的扰动向敏感的剪切层分 离区传播， 有利于拟序大结构旋涡的形成， 从而引发自激振荡。 而且 当锥形反射面 24具有合适的反射面锥角时， 可使谐振腔内损失降至 最小。 与锥形反射面 24碰撞后， 扰动波又向上游反射直到谐振腔入 口 42。 若反射回来的扰动波相位与射流初始扰动相位一样，整个流体 的振荡将被叠加、 放大。 经扰动波反复在谐振腔 41 内来回反射、 叠 加， 形成了自激振荡脉冲射流。 自激振荡脉冲射流从三个锥形喷孔 21喷出并在喷注面板 2下游某处相撞， 进而雾化。 由于采用了具有 锥形通道形式的谐振腔入口 42以及喷孔 21， 降低了复杂流体的表观 粘度， 改善了复杂流体的雾化效果。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴： 具 体包括集液腔壳体， 喷注面板， 谐振腔壳体； 连接关系是： 集液腔壳 体上部中心有螺纹孔可与供应管路连接；集液腔壳体与喷注面板之间 通过法兰连接， 并使用密封垫片进行密封， 这样集液腔壳体与喷注面 板之间形成一个大的空腔称为集液腔；喷注面板底部中心有一圆台形 内凹空间， 垂直于圆台内凹空间的侧面对称布置两个或多个喷孔， 喷 孔轴线与喷注面板中心轴线呈一定角度， 该角度取值范围为 15°〜45 °之间， 且所有喷孔轴线相交于喷注面板中心轴线上的一点； 喷注面 板上部中心圆台侧面布置有喷孔入口， 谐振腔壳体外表面有外螺纹， 谐振腔壳体与喷注面板之间形成两个或多个谐振腔； 其特征在于： 所 述的喷孔入口外表为锥形反射面， 喷孔入口位于一沉孔内， 沉孔侧壁 有内螺紋； 所述的谐振腔壳体的内孔上段为直径较小的谐振腔入口， 中段为上小下大的圆锥形孔， 下段为直径较大的直孔； 所述的谐振腔 壳体外表面的外螺紋与所述沉孔侧壁处的内螺紋连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射 流撞击式喷嘴，其特征在于：所述的喷孔直径应小于谐振腔入口直径； 谐振腔直孔的直径与喷孔直径之比范围应为 6〜9， 谐振腔长度与谐 振腔直孔的直径之比范围应为 0.4〜0.9， 其中谐振腔长度即从喷孔入 口至谐振腔入口处的长度；锥形反射面母线与谐振腔中心线夹角应为 50° 〜90° 之间。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射 流撞击式喷嘴， 其特征在于： 所述的喷孔为圆柱形孔或锥形孔， 孔的 收缩角范围为 0〜30° 。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射 流撞击式喷嘴，其特征在于：所述的谐振腔入口为圆柱形孔或锥形孔， 孔的收縮角范围为 0〜30° 。
PCT/CN2011/000527 2011-03-28 2011-03-28 具有锥形反射面谐振腔的自激振荡射流撞击式喷嘴 WO2012129719A1 (zh)

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