WO2012128407A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer la précision de la mesure de la pression artérielle au niveau du poignet grâce au recours à la mesure de multiples signaux biologiques - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer la précision de la mesure de la pression artérielle au niveau du poignet grâce au recours à la mesure de multiples signaux biologiques Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02208—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers using the Korotkoff method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/0245—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
- A61B5/025—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals within occluders, e.g. responsive to Korotkoff sounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
- A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
- A61B5/721—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6887—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices
- A61B5/6898—Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of wrist blood pressure measurement in an E-health terminal using multiple bio-signal measurement, and more particularly, to the oscillation component of blood pressure in order to improve the convenience and accuracy of measurement. Simultaneous measurement and analysis of representative factors affecting blood pressure (PTT, Korotkoff Sound, BMI, etc.) in the E-health terminal using multi-body signal measurement, which improves the accuracy of blood pressure measurement on the wrist. A method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of wrist blood pressure measurement.
- the commonly used sphygmomanometer is an oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer, and the electronic blood pressure detection system generally uses an oscillometric method.
- This method uses a CUFF to apply pressure higher than the systolic blood pressure to the upper arm, wrist, and finger of the subject to occlude the artery, and then detect the width of oscillation, which is the vibration characteristic of the cuff while decompressing.
- the blood pressure value is calculated by taking a certain characteristic ratio.
- the oscillometric blood pressure measurement method does not measure blood pressure directly, but assumes the average arterial pressure at the maximum vibration width generated by the cuff, and empirically determines the characteristic ratio having a constant ratio with the vibration width. Because it is calculated by the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, there are various factors of error occurrence.
- the maximum point is often represented as a flat plate instead of one point. Therefore, the definition of the maximum point is unclear, and the determination of the blood pressure by the maximum amplitude algorithm uses only one factor of blood pressure oscillation to detect the blood pressure. Therefore, not only the average arterial pressure, but also the various factors that affect the blood pressure, such as the anatomy of the artery, the shape of the blood pressure, the pressure of the pulse, the characteristics of the arm and cuff, the size of the cuff, the heart rate, etc. Errors, especially for wrist oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometers, which have poor performance below the standards of the British Hypertension Society (BHS) or the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI). Usually. That is, the oscillometric blood pressure measurement method has a relatively high error rate depending on the vasculature characteristics such as cuff size and artery stiffness.
- BHS British Hypertension Society
- AAMI Advancement of Medical Instrumentation
- Electronic blood pressure measurements that do not use an oscillometric method include the Cortkov method, the pulse wave delivery rate method, and the Finapress method.
- the Kortgof method uses a microphone to convert a Cortkov sound into an electrical signal and analyzes it.
- This method has problems with ambient noise, microphone position, and weak sound in hypertensive patients, and requires a new approach to spectral analysis of the Kortkov sound.
- the pulse wave delivery rate method is a method based on the increase of the pulse wave rate with the increase of arterial pressure, but it is possible to measure the blood pressure continuously, but there is a limit to the correction because it defines and approaches the vasculature as a single factor of time or velocity.
- the device for specifying blood pressure continuously and noninvasively by a dedicated finger cuff, and the pinapress method also has a considerable error.
- electronic sphygmomanometers that do not use the oscillometric method also detect blood pressure by measuring a single factor, and estimate the change in blood pressure using only one factor without considering various factors affecting the blood pressure. It is a state.
- the present invention provides an electrocardiogram (ECG), an oxygen saturation (PPG), a body impedance (Body) for consideration of factors representing the state of the cardiovascular system in order to reduce the error caused by the detection of blood pressure by measuring a single element.
- ECG electrocardiogram
- PPG oxygen saturation
- Body body impedance
- the four hardware blocks of Impedance and NiBP and implement it as a system to provide a measurement system for multiple biosignals, and also measure and analyze pulse transit time (PTT) ( Factors such as pulse wave velocity (PWV), Korotkoff Sound Power Spectrum Density, Oscillometric Blood Pressure, body mass index (BMI), etc.
- PTT pulse transit time
- PWV pulse wave velocity
- BMI body mass index
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to measure the blood pressure by mounting a cuff on the wrist for convenience of measurement, to the representative factors (PTT, Korotkoff Sound, BMI, etc.) affecting the blood pressure with the oscillation component of the blood pressure
- the present invention provides a method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of wrist blood pressure measurement using multiple bio-signal measurements, which results in improved accuracy in blood pressure measurement on the wrist by performing simultaneous measurements and analyzing them.
- ECG ECG
- oxygen saturation PPG
- NiBP blood pressure
- Another object of the present invention is to detect factors such as pulse wave propagation time (PTT) (pulse wave velocity (PWV)), Kortokov power spectrum density, oscillometric blood pressure, body mass index (BMI),
- PTT pulse wave propagation time
- PWV pulse wave velocity
- BMI body mass index
- the present invention also provides a method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement on the wrist by calculating a multiple linear regression equation for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean blood pressure to which individual body information is applied.
- Wrist blood pressure measuring apparatus of the present invention is made to wind the wrist cuff made to apply pressure;
- An oscillation signal detection unit having a pressure sensor connected to the cuff, the oscillation signal detecting unit detecting a pressure signal of the cuff and an oscillation signal which is a vibration characteristic generated according to a pressure change in the pressure signal;
- Cortkop sound detection unit for connecting the microphone to the portion where the cuff and the pressure sensor is connected, and detects the Cortkop sound signal; Cort received by A / D conversion from the output of the oscillation signal detector to obtain the oscillometric blood pressure from the received oscillation signal and the oscillometric blood pressure from the output of the Cortkov sound detector.
- an arithmetic processing unit to correct using a cop sound signal.
- the wrist blood pressure measuring apparatus of the present invention is made to wind the wrist cuff made to apply pressure;
- An oscillation signal detection unit having a pressure sensor connected to the cuff, the oscillation signal detecting unit detecting a pressure signal of the cuff and an oscillation signal which is a vibration characteristic generated according to a pressure change in the pressure signal;
- a memory unit for storing age, gender, height, arm circumference, and weight as information of a subject;
- the body mass index (BMI) is obtained by dividing the subject's height by weight, and A / D conversion is performed from the output of the oscillation signal detection unit to obtain an oscillometric blood pressure from the input pressure signal and the oscillation signal, and the oscillometric blood pressure is calculated by the body mass index It is characterized by comprising; arithmetic processing unit to correct using.
- Wrist blood pressure measuring apparatus of the present invention is provided with two electrocardiogram electrodes, ECG detection unit for detecting the ECG to be mounted on both wrists or mounted on both hands; A PPG detector having an LED and an optical sensor positioned to be mounted on a wrist or a hand to detect an optical volume pulse wave (PPG); And a memory unit for storing age, gender, height, arm circumference, and weight as information of the examinee.
- ECG detection unit for detecting the ECG to be mounted on both wrists or mounted on both hands
- a PPG detector having an LED and an optical sensor positioned to be mounted on a wrist or a hand to detect an optical volume pulse wave (PPG)
- PPG optical volume pulse wave
- a memory unit for storing age, gender, height, arm circumference, and weight as information of the examinee.
- the calculation processing unit obtains an oscillometric systolic blood pressure, an oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, an oscillometric mean blood pressure as an oscillometric blood pressure, and the diastolic blood pressure DBPcomp correcting the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure DBPcomp.
- DBP is the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectrum density (K_max) Is the time between).
- the calculation processing unit obtains oscillometric systolic blood pressure, oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, and oscillometric mean blood pressure as oscillometric blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure SBPcomp correcting the oscillometric systolic blood pressure SBP is
- SBP oscillometric systolic blood pressure
- Age age in user information
- Arm c arm circumference in user information
- BMI body mass index
- the arithmetic processing unit obtains an oscillometric systolic blood pressure, an oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, an oscillometric mean blood pressure as an oscillometric blood pressure, and an average blood pressure (MAPcomp) correcting the oscillometric mean blood pressure (MAP) is
- MAP is the oscillometric mean blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectral density (K_max) Time between
- PTT is the pulse propagation time
- the arithmetic processing section calculates the Kmax-rip for each period to obtain Kmax-rip, which is the time between the maximum increase point (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectral density and the highest point (K_max) of the Cortkov sound power spectral density.
- the operation processor detects the point (the point having the maximum value) of the peak of the ECG signal in each period, detects the point (the point having the maximum value) of the PPG signal in each period, and detects the point of the ECG signal in each period.
- the time difference between the peak point and the peak point of the PPG signal is obtained, the average is calculated, and the PTT which is the pulse wave propagation time is obtained.
- the present invention is to apply pressure to the cuff wound around the wrist, and equipped with a pressure sensor to detect the pressure signal of the cuff and the oscillation signal which is a vibration characteristic generated by the pressure change, and from the pressure signal and the oscillation signal
- the peak and valley of the oscillation signal which detects a peak (maximum value) in each period of the oscillation signal and detects a valley (minimum value) for each period of the oscillation signal.
- An oscillation maximum amplitude detection step of detecting a maximum amplitude that is a difference between a valley (minimum) located next to the next peak (maximum) in the oscillation signal after the peak and valley detection step of the oscillation signal;
- An amplitude signal interpolation and fitting step of interpolating using a spline interpolation method after the maximum amplitude detection step and adjusting a peak value (peak value) according to a fitting line; The maximum value of the fitting line obtained in the amplitude signal interpolation and fitting step is detected, the maximum amplitude point having the maximum value is obtained, and the maximum value of detecting the pressure value at the maximum amplitude point as an MAP (oscillometric mean blood pressure).
- MAP oscillometric mean blood pressure
- Amplitude point detection step From the maximum amplitude point obtained in the maximum amplitude point detection step, the pressure value of the point having the maximum value x 0.55 forward (forward direction) is obtained as SBP (oscillometric systolic blood pressure), and the maximum value obtained in the maximum amplitude point detection step.
- Wrist blood pressure measurement method of the present invention by connecting the microphone to the portion of the cuff and the pressure sensor connected to detect the Cortkop sound signal, detect the ECG signal of the wrist from the two ECG electrodes, and equipped with LED and light sensor
- PPG optical volume pulse wave
- PPG optical volume pulse wave
- Wrist blood pressure measurement method of the present invention comprises the steps of: importing the Cortkov sound array for reading the Cortkov sound data; In the Cortkov sound data read in the Cortkov sound array importing step, the Cortkov sound synchronized with the peak of the oscillation signal and the peak of the oscillation signal of each period (each bit) obtained in the valley detection step.
- the wrist blood pressure measuring method of the present invention includes an ECG for detecting a peak point (a point having a maximum value) in each period of an ECG signal, and detecting a peak point (a point having a maximum value) in each period of the PPG signal; Peak detection of PPG; And a PTT detection step of detecting a PTT by obtaining a time difference between a peak point of the ECG signal and a peak point of the PPG signal in each period obtained in the peak detection step of the ECG and PPG.
- the diastolic blood pressure (DBPcomp) of correcting the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is
- DBP is the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectrum density (K_max) Is the time between).
- Systolic blood pressure (SBPcomp) correcting the oscillometric systolic blood pressure (SBP) is
- SBP oscillometric systolic blood pressure
- Age age in user information
- Arm c arm circumference in user information
- BMI body mass index
- MAPcomp mean blood pressure corrected for the oscillometric mean blood pressure
- MAP is the oscillometric mean blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectral density (K_max) Time between
- PTT is the pulse propagation time
- the present invention provides for electrocardiogram (ECG), oxygen saturation (PPG), and body impedance for consideration of factors that represent the state of the cardiovascular system in order to reduce errors resulting from the detection of blood pressure by measurement of a single factor. It integrates four hardware blocks of blood pressure (NiBP) and implements them into one system to provide a measurement system for multiple bio signals.
- ECG electrocardiogram
- PPG oxygen saturation
- body impedance for consideration of factors that represent the state of the cardiovascular system in order to reduce errors resulting from the detection of blood pressure by measurement of a single factor.
- NiBP hardware blocks of blood pressure
- the present invention detects factors such as pulse wave propagation time (PTT) (pulse wave velocity (PWV)), Kortokoppe power spectrum density, oscillometric blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and the systolic system to which individual body information is applied together with these factors.
- PTT pulse wave propagation time
- PWV pulse wave velocity
- BMI body mass index
- Multilinear regression equations for blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure are calculated to improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement on the wrist.
- the present invention measures blood pressure by mounting a cuff on the wrist, it eliminates the inconvenience of removing clothes when measuring the upper arm blood pressure, and improves the long-term monitoring of blood pressure and the accuracy of early diagnosis of hypertension to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Will be able to contribute.
- the upper arm oscillometric electronic sphygmomanometer which is conventionally used for blood pressure measurement of home and hospital patients, not only has the inconvenience of taking off clothes when measuring, but also often decreases the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
- the proposed method for measuring wrist blood pressure through the measurement of the multi-body signal proposed by the present invention is based on the physical information of the individual with consideration of factors representing the condition of blood vessels. Consideration has been made, and it has the advantage of improving the accuracy as well as providing convenience for the measurer through the blood pressure measurement on the wrist, it can be applied to the easy and accurate measurement of blood pressure in household equipment such as E-Health terminal.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device for improving the accuracy of wrist blood pressure using multiple bio-signal measurement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are flowcharts of detecting systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and average blood pressure in the processing unit of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a multi-bio signal obtained by the data collector of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a PTT detection method as a blood pressure correction element using ECG and PPG signals.
- an oscillometric systolic blood pressure by detecting the width of oscillation (oscillation), which is a vibration characteristic generated in the cuff while decompressing the arteries by applying a cuff to the wrist pressure of the subject using a cuff, as in an oscillometric electronic blood pressure monitor, Obtain the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, oscillometric mean blood pressure, and calculate the oscillometric systolic blood pressure, oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, and oscillometric mean blood pressure as the pulse wave propagation time (PTT), the time between the maximum increase and peak of the Cortkov power.
- PTT pulse wave propagation time
- kmax-rip body mass index
- Armc arm circumference
- PTT pulse wave propagation time
- kmax-rip the time between the maximum increase point and the highest point of the Cortkoppe power
- oscillation the width of oscillation
- the change in the Kortkov sound is measured electrically, and at the same time, electrocardiogram (ECG) and PPG are detected and details obtained from these parameters will be described later.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus for improving the accuracy of wrist blood pressure using multiple bio-signal measurements according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, including an oscillation signal detector 105, a Cortkop sound detector 205, The electrocardiogram detector 305, the PPG detector 505, the data collector 600, the calculation processor 630, the memory 650, the output unit 670, and the key input unit 690 are included.
- the oscillation signal detector 105 detects the width of the oscillation which is a vibration characteristic generated according to the pressure change of the cuff, that is, the oscillation signal among the pressure signals detected by the cuff.
- the oscillation signal detector 105 includes a pressure sensor unit 100 and a pressure signal preprocessor 110.
- the pressure sensor unit 100 electrically detects the pressure signal from the cuff.
- the pressure sensor unit 100 may include a voltage-to-current converter for outputting the output current pressure signal as a voltage pressure signal when the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor is output as a current.
- the pressure signal preprocessor 110 detects a change in the DC component of the pressure signal through the low pass filter (LPF) 120 through the pressure signal input from the pressure sensor, and the pressure output from the low pass filter (LPF) 120
- the signal is passed through a high pass filter (HPF) 140 for detecting a vibration component (blood pressure oscillation), and a blood pressure oscillation signal (hereinafter referred to as an oscillation signal) is detected through an amplifier (AMP) 150. Amplified and transmitted to the data collector 600.
- the pressure signal preprocessor 110 transmits the pressure signal amplified by the output of the low frequency filter (LPF) 120 through the amplifier (AMP) 130 to the data collector 600.
- LPF low frequency filter
- AMP amplifier
- a 10 Hz secondary low pass filter can be used as the low pass filter (LPF) 120, and a 0.5 Hz first order high pass filter can be used as the high pass filter (HPF) 140.
- LPF low pass filter
- HPF high pass filter
- the change of DC component of the pressure signal was detected through 10Hz secondary lowpass filtering on the signal obtained by the pressure sensor, and the small vibration component (blood pressure oscillation) included in the DC component through 0.5Hz primary highpass filtering and amplification. Detection).
- the cortkop sound detection unit 205 detects blood vessel sounds through a microphone simultaneously with the detection of the oscillation signal, as in the case of a cork Kottkoff sound in a stethoscope of a general mercury sphygmomanometer.
- Cortkop sound detection unit 205 includes a microphone unit 200, Cortkop sound pre-processing unit 210.
- the arm is covered with a cuff (CUFF) of the sphygmomanometer, the stethoscope (microphone) is placed on the inner pulse region of the cuff, the pressure of the cuff starts to increase, and the sound of blood vessels, that is, the cortkop ( Korotkoff) is designed to measure blood pressure while listening to sounds.
- the arm of the blood pressure cuff (CUFF) is sufficiently wrapped, the microphone is placed inside the multi-body signal measuring system composed of one system in the present invention, and when the pressure of the cuff starts to increase, It is made to measure.
- the Cortkov sound detection unit 205 of the present invention is also configured to detect blood vessel sounds through the microphone at the same time as the oscillation signal is detected.
- the microphone unit 200 is integrally connected to a portion where the cuff and the pressure sensor are connected to detect a Cortkop sound (vascular sound).
- a condenser microphone may be used to detect the Cortkov sound in the microphone unit 200. Since the cuff is mounted on the wrist, the present invention detects a change in copecoff sound in the radial artery.
- Cortkop sound pre-processing unit 210 pre-amplifies the Cortkop sound received from the microphone unit 200 through the preamplifier 220, and passes through a band pass filter (BPF) 230 for noise reduction Then, amplified by the amplifier (AMP) 240 and transmitted to the data collector 600.
- the band pass filter (BPF) 230 may use a 20-200 Hz band pass filter, and detects a sharp form of signal by removing noise from a first amplified Cortkov sound signal through the preamplifier 220. Let's do it.
- the oscillation signal detector 105 and the Cortkop sound detector 205 may be referred to as a blood pressure NIBP detector.
- the ECG detector 305 attaches an ECG electrode to both wrists or both hands, that is, detects an ECG by two ECG electrodes.
- the electrocardiogram detector 305 includes an electrocardiogram electrode 300 and an electrocardiogram preprocessor 310.
- ECG Lead I attaches the electrodes to the right wrist (RA) and left wrist (LA), and attaches the ground (usually the right ankle (RL)) electrode, then the right wrist (RA) and left wrist ( ECG signal is detected by the potential difference of LA).
- the electrocardiogram electrode unit 300 detects an electrocardiogram by mounting two electrocardiogram electrodes on both wrists or both hands.
- the electrocardiogram electrode uses a bivalent chromium plating electrode having good conductivity and excellent biocompatibility.
- the ECG preprocessor 310 amplifies the ECG signal received from the ECG electrode unit 300 and removes noise.
- the ECG preprocessing unit 310 extracts the ECG signal output from the two ECG electrodes of the ECG electrode unit 300 through the differential amplifier 320, and extracts the ECG signal through the band pass filter (BPF) 330. Elimination and elimination of baseline variations are amplified through an amplifier (AMP) and transmitted to the data collection unit (600).
- the bandpass filter (BPF) 330 may use a secondary bandpass filter to have a pass band of 0.1 to 130Hz.
- the PPG detector 505 is a means for detecting a photoplethysmography (PPG) (hereinafter referred to as a pulse wave) and includes a PPG sensor unit 500 and a PPG preprocessor 510.
- PPG photoplethysmography
- the PPG detector 505 is designed with reference to Webster's Pulse Oximeter System to measure the PPG signal required for the detection of PTT (PWV).
- the PPG sensor unit 500 is composed of an LED and an optical sensor, and detects the light from which the light generated by the LED is transmitted or reflected from the tissue through the optical sensor.
- the LED an infrared LED having a wavelength of 890 nm may be used, and a photo detector having a center response frequency of 900 nm may be used as the optical sensor.
- the PPG sensor unit 500 further includes an LED drive for driving the LED, and the current supplied to the LED is made constant through the LED drive.
- the PPG preprocessing unit 510 converts the PPG signal into a PPG signal of a voltage through the current voltage converter 520 and generates a low pass filter (LPF) ( The DC component of the PPG signal is detected through 530, and the AC signal is detected through the high pass filter (HPF) 550 from the PPG signal output from the low pass filter (LPF) 530. Amplified through 560 and transmitted to the data collector 600.
- the PPG preprocessor 510 transmits the PPG signal amplified by the output of the low frequency filter (LPF) 520 through the amplifier (AMP) 540 to the data collector 600.
- LPF low frequency filter
- AMP amplifier
- the low pass filter (LPF) 530 may use a 20 Hz second order low pass filter
- the high pass filter (HPF) 550 may use a 0.5 Hz second order high pass filter.
- the pressure sensor unit 100, the microphone unit 200, the electrocardiogram electrode unit 300, and the PPG sensor unit 500 may be referred to as a sensor device unit, and the pressure signal preprocessor 110 and the Cortkop sound preprocessor.
- the electrocardiogram preprocessor 310 and the PPG preprocessor 510 may be referred to as a signal preprocessor.
- the data collection unit 600 receives each signal detected by the oscillation signal detector 105, the Cortkop sound detector 205, the electrocardiogram detector 305, and the PPG detector 505, converts the signals into digital signals, and calculates the data. To 630.
- the sampling rate of the data collector 600 may be 1 kHz. That is, the data collection unit 600 converts the output signals of the oscillation signal detector 105, the cortkov sound detector 205, the electrocardiogram detector 305, and the PPG detector 505 to the arithmetic processing unit. do.
- An example of the multiple bio signals obtained by the data collector is shown in FIG. 3.
- the operation processor 630 obtains an oscillometric systolic blood pressure, an oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, an oscillometric average blood pressure from the oscillation signal received from the oscillation signal detector 105 through the data collector, and the Cortkop sound detector 205. Obtains the time between the maximum increase and peak of the Kortkov power (kmax-rip) from the Cortkov sound signal received from the data collector from the oscillator, and obtains the oscillometric systolic blood pressure and oscillometric diastolic blood pressure obtained from the oscillation signal.
- the oscillometric mean blood pressure is corrected to detect corrected systolic blood pressure, corrected diastolic blood pressure, and corrected mean blood pressure.
- the memory unit 650 stores information of the examinee, that is, age, gender, height, arm circumference, and the like.
- the operation processor 630 stores the output.
- the output unit 670 outputs the corrected systolic blood pressure, the corrected diastolic blood pressure, and the corrected average blood pressure output from the operation processor 630 to the screen.
- the key input unit 690 inputs the examinee's information, that is, age, gender, height, arm circumference, etc., and sets a test mode and the like.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are flowcharts of detecting systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and average blood pressure in the processing unit of FIG. 1.
- the output signals of the oscillation signal detector 105, the Cortkop sound detector 205, the electrocardiogram detector 305, and the PPG detector 505, that is, the pressure signal, the oscillation signal, and the Cortkov Zero phase filtering is performed to match the starting point of the sound signal, the electrocardiogram signal, and the PPG signal (S120).
- the blood pressure is calculated using the output signal of the oscillation signal detector 105 (S130 to S195), and at the same time, the maximum increase of the Cortkoppe power is output by the output signal of the Cortkov sound detector 205.
- the flow of calculating the blood pressure using the output signal of the oscillation signal detector 105 is as follows.
- the output signal of the oscillation signal detecting unit 105 is read (S130).
- An oscillation signal peak detection step is to obtain inflection points in each period (each bit) of the oscillation signal, and to detect inflection points representing a peak among them, that is, a peak (maximum value for each period of the oscillation signal). ) Is detected (S140).
- the inflection points are obtained at each period (each bit) of the oscillation signal, and the inflection points representing the valleys are detected, that is, the valley (minimum value) for each period of the oscillation signal. It is detected (S150).
- the difference between the previous peak (maximum) and the next valley (minimum) in the oscillation signal, that is, the maximum amplitude is detected at each period (S160).
- the amplitude signal interpolation and fitting step interpolation is performed using the spline interpolation method, and the peak value (peak value) is adjusted according to the fitting line (S170). That is, the amplitude signal extracted in the oscillation maximum amplitude detection step S160 is interpolated using a spline interpolation method, and the interpolated signal extracts an envelope of the signal through Gaussian peak fitting.
- the maximum value of the fitting lines obtained in the amplitude signal interpolation and fitting step (S170) is detected, and the pressure value at the point having the maximum value, that is, the maximum amplitude point is MAP (oscillometric average blood pressure). (S180).
- the characteristic ratio is applied to calculate the oscillometric systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (S190), where the characteristic ratio is 55% for SBP and 82% for DBP.
- SBP oscillometric systolic blood pressure
- DBP oscillometric diastolic blood pressure
- S190 the characteristic ratio is 55% for SBP and 82% for DBP.
- SBP oscillometric systolic blood pressure
- DBP oscillometric diastolic blood pressure
- the SBP and DBP calculated in the feature ratio application step (S190) are stored for the next operation (S195).
- the following describes the flow of obtaining the time (kmax-rip) between the maximum increase point and the highest point of the Cortkoppe power as the output signal of the Cortkov sound detector 205.
- the Korkkop sound data which is the output of the Korptkov sound preprocessing unit 210, is read (S210).
- the Cortkov sound value (amplitude value of the Cortkov sound) at the peak of each period (each bit) obtained in the oscillation signal peak detection step S140 is obtained (S220).
- a data number 2 n state determining step it is determined Cartesian co Corp. negative bit detection step (S220) the nose Stuttgart Corp. negative number of values that the data 2 n in each period obtained by the peak (S230).
- the total power spectral density is FFT by FFTing data of a Korkopkov sound value having a data number of 2 n through the Cortkov sound bit detection step (S220) and the zero fedding step (S235).
- Obtain (S240). 4 is an explanatory diagram of PSD and blood pressure correction element detection of Cortkov sound.
- PSD is an example of total power spectral density.
- the power spectrum density (PSD) is determined for each period (each bit) in the Kortkop sound data input in the step of importing a k-sound array (S210). Obtain (S250). Each period (each bit) in the Cortkov sound data is between a minimum value and an adjacent minimum value, or between a maximum value and an adjacent maximum value.
- a plurality of dots denoted as K-Sound power Spectral Density are obtained by periods.
- the point K_max of the maximum PSD is detected among the power spectral densities PSD of each cycle obtained in the PSD detection step S250 per bit (S260).
- the maximum PSD point is K_MAX.
- the PSD is divided by before and after each cycle (each bit) obtained in the PSD detection step per bit (S250) based on the maximum PSD point obtained in the maximum PSD point detection step (S260). S270). That is, it is divided into an array before the maximum PSD point and an array after the maximum PSD point based on the maximum PSD point.
- a point having the largest PSD increase is detected in the previous PSD point array arranged in the maximum PSD point reference array separation step (S270) (S280).
- the maximum PSD increase point detection step optionally detects a point where a sudden increase in PSD appears in data having a size of 70% or less of the maximum PSD amplitude in an array before K_max.
- K_rip rapidly increasing point
- the time of the point (k-max) of the maximum PSD is detected in the maximum PSD point detection step (S260) (S275).
- a point having the largest PSD reduction in the array after the maximum PSD point obtained in the maximum PSD point reference array separation step (S270) is detected (S280). That is, the time until the point where the difference between the previous value and the next value of the PSD indicates the largest value is obtained.
- the maximum PSD reduction point detection step detects a point where a sudden decrease in PSD appears in data having a size of 70% or less of the maximum PSD amplitude in an array after K_max in some cases (S285).
- K_rdp rapidly decreasing point
- K_max-rip the time from K_rdp to K_max is denoted by K_rdp-max
- K_rdp-rip the time from K_rdp-rip
- the flow of calculating the average blood pressure pulse wave propagation time (PTT) using the output signal of the ECG detector 305 and the output signal of the PPG detector 505 is as follows.
- the output signals of the ECG detector 305 and the PPG detector 505, that is, the ECG signals and the PPG signals, are read (S310).
- median filtering is performed to stabilize the baseline of the ECG signal (S320).
- the PPG signal is firstly differentiated (S330).
- a point (a point having a maximum value) that is a peak in each period of the ECG signal output in the ECG median filtering step (S320) is detected, and is output in the PPG first derivative step (S330).
- a point (a point having a maximum value) that is a peak in each period of the PPG signal is detected (S340).
- the PTT is detected by obtaining the time difference between the peak point of the ECG signal and the peak point of the PPG signal in each period obtained in the peak detection step (S340) of the ECG and PPG (S350).
- 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a PTT detection method as a blood pressure correction element using ECG and PPG signals. For PTT detection, a time difference between a peak point of the ECG signal and a peak point of the PPG signal is obtained.
- the blood pressure detection step the oscillometric systolic blood pressure, oscillometric diastolic blood pressure, oscillometric mean blood pressure (MAP) calculated in S130 ⁇ S195, between the maximum increase and peak of the Cortkov power calculated in S210 ⁇ S295
- Corrected systolic blood pressure by using the time (kmax-rip), pulse wave transfer time (PTT) calculated in S310 to S350, and body mass index (BMI) and arm circumference (Armc) obtained from the input user information.
- the corrected diastolic blood pressure and the corrected average blood pressure are detected by the following Equations 2 to 4 (S400).
- the user information is input through the key input unit 690 before the test, and the input information is a name, height, age, weight, gender, arm circumference (upper arm), and the operation processor 630 has a body mass index.
- BMI body mass index
- the corrected mean blood pressure (MAPcomp) is obtained as shown in Equation 2.
- MAP is the oscillometric mean blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is between the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Krotkov sound power spectral density (K_max).
- PTT is the pulse wave delivery time.
- SBP oscillometric systolic blood pressure
- Age is age in user information
- Arm c is arm circumference in user information
- BMI body mass index
- DBP is the oscillometric diastolic blood pressure
- Sex is the gender of the user information
- Kmax-rip is the maximum increase (K_rip) of the Cortkov sound power spectral density (K_max).
- the maximum amplitude algorithm was used to analyze the blood pressure signal in the present invention.
- the peak of the oscillation signal (maximum value at each bit of blood pressure oscillation) is detected, and the minimum value between each peak is detected as a valley (minimum value at each bit of blood pressure oscillation), and the difference is obtained.
- the amplitude signal was extracted.
- the extracted amplitude signals were interpolated using spline interpolation.
- the interpolated signal was extracted with Gaussian peak fitting, and the pressure value at the maximum peak point in the extracted envelope was MAP.
- the SBP and DBP were calculated by applying the characteristic ratio. The characteristic ratio was 55% for SBP and 82% for DBP.
- K_MAX is defined as the point where the maximum size of the PSD changes
- K_rip rapidly increasing point
- K_rdp rapidly decreasing point
- K_rdp-rip is defined as the point where the sudden decrease of PSD among the data having the size of 70% or less of the maximum PSD amplitude in the array after K_max
- the time between each point is defined as K_max-rip, K_rdp-max, K_rdp-rip.
- a method of obtaining the time between peak points of ECG and PPG was applied.
- the method of detecting the R-Peak by highlighting the difference between the original signal and the median filtering was used.
- the peak was detected through the derivative.
- a signal having a time between two peaks of 1 second or more was determined to be an error and excluded.
- the method for measuring wrist blood pressure through the measurement of multiple biosignals has been made in consideration of factors representing the state of blood vessels, as well as consideration of individual body information. In addition to providing convenience, it improves accuracy and can be applied to easier and accurate measurement of blood pressure in household equipment such as E-Health terminal.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant d'améliorer la précision de la mesure de la pression artérielle au niveau du poignet associée à un terminal de cybersanté grâce au recours à la mesure de multiples signaux biologiques, la précision de la mesure de la pression artérielle au niveau du poignet étant améliorée grâce à la mesure et à l'analyse simultanées d'un composant de nature oscillatoire de la pression artérielle, ainsi que de facteurs représentatifs ayant une influence sur la pression artérielle afin d'améliorer la facilité et la précision de la mesure. Dans la présente invention, de la même façon qu'avec un tensiomètre oscillométrique électronique, une pression est appliquée sur le poignet de la personne devant faire l'objet de la mesure et l'artère est fermée au moyen d'un brassard, puis l'amplitude de l'oscillation, qui est une caractéristique vibrationnelle, intervenant au niveau du brassard est détectée de façon à déterminer la pression artérielle systolique, la pression artérielle diastolique et la pression artérielle moyenne, la pression artérielle systolique, la pression artérielle diastolique et la pression artérielle moyenne ainsi déterminées étant corrigées au moyen du temps de transit du pouls, de la durée s'écoulant entre le point d'augmentation maximal et le point le plus élevé de l'intensité des bruits de Korotkoff (kmax-rip), l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et la circonférence du bras (Armc). Le temps de transit du pouls, la durée s'écoulant entre le point d'augmentation maximal et le point le plus élevé de l'intensité des bruits de Korotkoff (kmax-rip), l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) et la circonférence du bras (Armc) sont déterminés par une mesure électronique des modifications des bruits de Korotkoff au niveau du poignet associée à une détection de l'amplitude d'oscillation au niveau du brassard, ainsi qu'à un électrocardiogramme et à une photopléthysmographie.
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