WO2012123807A1 - Procédé de gestion des déchets - Google Patents
Procédé de gestion des déchets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012123807A1 WO2012123807A1 PCT/IB2012/000473 IB2012000473W WO2012123807A1 WO 2012123807 A1 WO2012123807 A1 WO 2012123807A1 IB 2012000473 W IB2012000473 W IB 2012000473W WO 2012123807 A1 WO2012123807 A1 WO 2012123807A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- fact
- process according
- mill
- waste material
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 clays Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 240000002989 Euphorbia neriifolia Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010951 particle size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/007—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls specially adapted for disintegrating refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/183—Feeding or discharging devices
- B02C17/186—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy
- B02C17/1875—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy passing gas through crushing zone
- B02C17/1885—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy passing gas through crushing zone the applied gas acting to effect material separation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/18—Details
- B02C17/183—Feeding or discharging devices
- B02C17/186—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy
- B02C17/1875—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy passing gas through crushing zone
- B02C17/189—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy passing gas through crushing zone with return of oversize material to crushing zone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
- B07B4/06—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall using revolving drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for handling waste material.
- waste management methods consist in the use of refuse dumps and incinerators.
- Incinerators base their operation on waste incineration; the latest models exploit the combustion thus obtained and recuperate a little electricity and heat but have the problem of managing toxic-harmful emissions, particulates and dioxins.
- MCT mechanical-biological treatment plants
- MBT plants make use of the cold treatment technology of unsorted wastes and/or which are left over from pre-sorted collection, and which exploits the combination of mechanical and biological processes such as anaerobic digestion and composting.
- the stabilised organic fraction stands out from the so-called "compost” inasmuch as it is produced starting with unsorted wastes, while compost is only made starting from pre-sorted organic material.
- the stabilised organic fraction is not used as agricultural fertilizer (as in the case of compost) but, being characterised by fermentability reduced by up to 90%, it is particularly suitable for various applications aimed at environment and landscape rehabilitation and the daily covering of refuse dumps (instead of earth) without having emissions of natural gas which, if released into the atmosphere, is a greenhouse gas about 21 times more harmful than carbon dioxide.
- MBT plants are designed to feed incinerators with the produced fuel derived from wastes; in some cases even, the MBT plants are simply used to grind the wastes without any real benefit either for recycling or for incineration.
- an MBT plant which produces stabilised organic fraction from wastes first of all contemplates sieving with separation of a rough and not very fermentable part, consisting e.g. of paper, cardboard, plastic, metals, glass, etc., which can in part be recycled and in part sent to make up the fuel derived from wastes, and of a part rich in organic and highly-fermentable substances, which once stabilised becomes stabilised organic fraction.
- the biochemically inert fraction is sent for disposal/recycling, while the organic substance undergoes the abatement of the organic content and biological treatment suitable for speeding up fermentation and therefore producing end material with low fermentability.
- Thor and Refolo consist in the total refining of the various incoming waste fractions by means of a mechanical-chemical treatment.
- the Thor process consists in the micronisation of wastes, i.e., grinding down to a size below about 100 ⁇ exploiting the principle of mechanical-chemical activation, i.e., a strong mechanical friction action which determines the delamination of the organic, polymer or textile materials, the molecular cracking of the chlorine in chlorinated plastics and the separation of metals which are trapped as pigments.
- the mechanical-chemical reactor contains grinding masses speeded up by an eccentric movement and thrown at high speed against the material which undergoes a compression and cutting action.
- This process has a first liquid biological treatment which performs a first separation of the materials split up according to specific weight by means of a wet treatment in a large tank with water.
- the heavy material is then sent for recovery, recycling or to the refuse dump, while the lightweight material and dissolved organic material are sent to complex washing, filtering and sorting processes and to bioreactors to produce fertilizer, water and biogas.
- the stabilised organic fraction contains combustible fractions such as plastic materials, paper, cardboard, fabrics which, besides being subtracted from the fuel derived from wastes fraction, reduce the quality of the stabilised organic fraction to the extent of preventing this being used again for environmental recovery or the like, thereby increasing the volumes sent to the refuse dump, with consequent reduction in the duration of same.
- the main aim of the present invention is to provide a process for handling waste material which may be efficient and cheap at the same time in order to obtain a better separation of the different heterogeneous components of the mix of treated materials.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for handling waste material which allows overcoming the mentioned drawbacks of the state of the art within the ambit of a simple, rational, easy and effective to use as well as low cost solution.
- Figure 1 is a layout view of a part of the plant for the implementation of the process according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a layout view of another part of the plant for the implementation of the process according to the invention.
- the present invention aims at the handling of a waste material M meant as any material or product deriving from household wastes, industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, etc.
- waste material M therefore, must not be considered only as unsorted solid household residue, but also as any product deriving from the treatment of wastes, such as, e.g., stabilised organic fraction, fuel derived from wastes and the secondary raw materials deriving from pre-sorted collection or industrial process wastes and scraps.
- the waste material M is a substantially heterogeneous compound mainly composed of the following three families of components:
- the first fraction I is generally composed of polymers, paper, cardboard, wood, etc., and is the fraction whose components have greater lower combustion heat and the most suitable for the production of fuel derived from wastes;
- the second fraction II is generally composed of aggregates, glass, ceramic, minerals, clays, organic materials, etc., and is the fraction which constitutes less environmental problems as regards re-use in the field of environmental restoration or soil amendment or the like;
- the third fraction Ilia, Illb is generally composed of metals, both ferrous metals Ilia and non-ferrous metals Illb, the recovery of which is particularly desirable, both because of the intrinsic economic value of these materials and as regards the environmental issues tied to discarding in the environment.
- the present invention is essentially based on the control and management of the toughness of the different fractions I, II, Ilia, Illb making up the waste material M.
- any material when subjected to stress, is consequentially deformed and absorbs the applied energy.
- the stored up elastic energy can produce the formation of new surfaces, called fracture surfaces, which can end up by determining their breakage (fragile behaviour).
- globally indicated by 1 is a plant for the embodiment of the process according to the embodiment.
- the plant 1 comprises a collection and feed line 2 of the waste material M. Downstream of the collection and feed line 2 a separation line 3 is installed for picking up the third fraction Ilia, Illb from the waste material M.
- the separation line 3 is of the type in itself known and is suitable for making it possible to separate both the ferrous metals Ilia and the non-ferrous metals Illb from the waste material M. c
- the separated third fraction Ilia, Illb can therefore be sent to a recovery process in smelting-furnaces, steelworks, etc.
- the efficiency of the separation line 3 permits picking up most of the third fraction Ilia, Illb from the waste material M, but it is possible that a part of the third fraction Ilia, Illb remain unseparated.
- a mill 4 with loose grinding bodies 6 is installed for grinding the waste material M.
- the mill 4 is preferably selected from the list comprising: a ball mill, a cylinder mill, a bar mill, a pebble mill and an attritor mill.
- the mill 4 comprises a rotating grinding chamber 5, having a preferably cylindrical shape with horizontal axis R.
- the mill 4 turns around its horizontal axis R.
- the mill 4 has an inlet mouth 7, for introducing the waste material M coming from the separation line 3, which is served by a hopper 8 and is located at an axial extremity of the grinding chamber 5.
- the mill 4 is designed to operate continuously, with the waste material M being loaded through the inlet mouth 7 and coming out through the outlet mouth 9.
- control of the process parameters of the mill 4 including the applied energy, the running temperatures and the grinding times, it is possible to obtain the grinding and particle size reduction of some fractions of the incoming material and not of others.
- the mill 4 is loaded with a waste material M having a first fraction I and a second fraction II of substantially rough particle size, at the outlet from the mill 4 the first fraction I will have a substantially unchanged particle size, while the particle size of the second fraction II will be substantially fine.
- the mill 4 is crossed by a gaseous flow, e.g., a flow of air extending from the inlet mouth 7 to the outlet mouth 9, for the extraction of the first fraction I and of the second fraction II when their bulk density is substantially equal to or lower than a pre-set bulk density.
- a gaseous flow e.g., a flow of air extending from the inlet mouth 7 to the outlet mouth 9, for the extraction of the first fraction I and of the second fraction II when their bulk density is substantially equal to or lower than a pre-set bulk density.
- the lighter materials having a lower bulk density, therefore tend to be quickly extracted from the mill 4.
- any hefty body which is ground down undergoes a physical change and switches from a compact configuration with high bulk density to a broken-up configuration with lower bulk density, with an increase in external surfaces, formed by breakage, and in total overall dimensions.
- the first fraction I has a bulk density substantially equal to or lower than the order of magnitude of the pre-set bulk density (e.g., below 0.6 g/cm 3 ) and such as to allow the gaseous flow to extract the first fraction I in a fairly short times.
- the second fraction II has a bulk density substantially higher than the pre-set bulk density (e.g., above 1 g/cm 3 ) and such as to allow the gaseous flow to extract the second fraction II only after that, because of grinding, the bulk density of the second fraction II has lowered (e.g., to 0.6 g/cm 3 ).
- the plastic and the glass have a different specific weight, lighter the plastic and heavier the glass, which, dimensions being equal, means a much different matter density between the two materials, lower for the plastic and higher for the glass.
- the piece of plastic is intended to remain in the mill only a short time, inasmuch as quickly removed by the air flow and, by virtue of its ductility, is able to withstand the knocks produced by the loose grinding bodies 6, which appear substantially ineffective.
- the piece of glass tends to remain in the mill longer and undergoes the knocks produced by the loose grinding bodies 6 which, by virtue of its fragility, result in its being broken up into smaller pieces until these too can be conveyed towards the outlet by means of the air flow.
- the mill 4 can also be advantageously equipped with a compressed-gas introduction system which, on expanding, lowers the temperature in the grinding chamber 5.
- the mill 4 also comprises an overflowing mouth 10 for the outflow of the loose grinding bodies 6 and of any third fraction Ilia, Illb introduced into the mill 4.
- the load of the mill 4, comprising the waste material M to be treated and the loose grinding bodies 6, is kept in excess with respect to the working capacity of the mill 4 so as to allow the exit of the third fraction Ilia, Illb through the overflowing mouth 10.
- the overflowing mouth 10 and the outlet mouth 9 are coinciding, but alternative embodiments cannot be ruled out wherein these are distinct and separate, one for the exit of the first fraction I and of the second fraction II by effect of the air flow and one for the overflow of the loose grinding bodies 6 and of the third fraction Ilia, Illb.
- the flow of air which crosses the mill 4 is produced by an aspirator 1 1 connected to the outlet mouth 9 by means of a suction duct 12a, 12b.
- a cyclone 13 Along the suction duct 12a, 12b are arranged in succession a cyclone 13, a first separation device 14 and a second separation device 15.
- the cyclone 13 is 1 connected to the outlet mouth 9/overflowing mouth 10 and is suitable for receiving both the first fraction I and the second fraction II, conveyed by the air flow, and the third fraction Ilia, Illb and the loose grinding bodies 6 which have overflowed out.
- the purpose of the cyclone 13 is to treat the third fraction Ilia, Illb and the loose grinding bodies 6, separating them from the air flow and collecting them up by gravity on a recirculation line 16 which again sends them to the collection and feed line 2, allowing in particular the collection of the loose grinding bodies 6 which have overflowed and their reintroduction into the mill 4.
- the air flow coming out of the cyclone 13 reaches the first separation device 14, which allows splitting up by particle size the first fraction I, not ground and rough, from the second fraction II, ground and fine.
- the first separation device 14 and the second separation device 15 are selected from the list comprising: a grid separator, a centrifugal separator, a ballistic separator, a mesh screen, a filtration system.
- the type of separation devices 14, 15 used will change according to the particle size of the material to be trapped;
- the first separation device 14, e.g., which is intended to trap the first rough fraction I, can usefully be a grid separator, while the second separation device 15, which is intended to trap the second fine fraction II, is preferably a filtration system.
- the first fraction I can be introduced into a grinding machine, not shown in the illustrations, for the purpose of reducing the particle size to tiny fragments and ensure easier subsequent use in the form of fuel derived from wastes.
- the first fraction I with high combustion heat, can then be sent to a recovery process in place of fossil fuels in cement factories, power stations, etc.
- the second fraction II is intended for reuse as stabilised organic fraction, as compost, or as part of a new manufactured product P.
- the manufactured product P can consist of:
- gravel, or other rough-grain semi-finished product which can be used as a filler for the fabrication of other manufactured products, or for storage; any ceramic manufactured product for roofing, covering or furnishing buildings, both for interiors and outdoors, such as ceramic and roof tiles.
- any manufactured product for building such as bricks or the like.
- the second fraction II is collected in a first storage bin 19, while in an adjacent second storage bin 20 any raw materials 21 are collected needed to obtain the manufactured product P.
- the raw materials 21 are selected according to the type of manufactured product
- the raw materials 21 are of the type chosen from the list comprising: clayey type, feldspathic type, quartziferous type, siliceous type, carbonatic type.
- the first storage bin 19 is combined with a first extracting and batching device 22, while the second storage bin 20 is combined with a second extracting and batching device 23.
- the second fraction II and the raw materials 21 collected in the storage bins 19 and 20 are extracted and batched in proportion by means of the extracting and batching devices 22, 23 and sent to a mixer device 24.
- the second fraction II and the raw materials 21 are mixed for a time required to obtain a mix suitable for withstanding the subsequent treatments.
- the mix composed of the second fraction II and the raw materials 21 is transferred to a homogenizing device 25, in which water is added to the second fraction II to provide the mix with humidity and fluidity suitable for the subsequent forming stage.
- the mix then passes onto a conveyor device 26 which conveys it to a preloading bin 27.
- the preloading bin 27 is suitable for feeding a forming machine 28 which proceeds to shape the manufactured product P.
- the forming machine 28 is a press which models the manufactured product P by pressing; alternative embodiments cannot however be ruled out whereby forming is done by compacting, granulation, extrusion or pressure extrusion.
- the obtained manufactured product P has a shape chosen from the list comprising: granulate, tile, sheet, brick, mosaic tessera, roof tile, bent tile, jar.
- the manufactured product P is then sent to a drying device 29 by means of a first conveyor line 30, e.g., of the roller type.
- a second conveyor line 31 By means of a second conveyor line 31, this too e.g. of the roller type, the dried manufactured product P is conveyed to a sintering kiln 32, which is of the type chosen from the list comprising: a rotary kiln, a roller kiln, a tunnel kiln, a muffle kiln.
- the sintered manufactured product P can then, if required, be sent to a decoration line or to a packaging line.
- the process according to the present invention comprises the following phases:
- a grinding phase with loose grinding bodies 6 substantially ineffective on the first fraction I and substantially effective on the second fraction II, the particle size of the second fraction II at the end of the grinding phase being substantially fine.
- Such phase is usefully achieved inside the mill 4 with loose grinding bodies 6 which has the overflowing mouth 10 for the exit of the loose grinding bodies 6 and of the third fraction Ilia, Illb.
- the grinding phase is performed with a special care to the control of process parameters of the mill 4, to manage the rotation speed thereof, the loading quantity and the running temperatures as previously described and explained. If necessary, this phase can also comprise the introduction of a compressed gas into the mill 4 which, on expanding, lowers the temperature in the grinding chamber 5;
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Le procédé de gestion des déchets de l'invention comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à: utiliser des déchets (M) comprenant une première fraction (I) très dure et une seconde fraction (II) peu dure, toutes deux présentant une granulométrie sensiblement grossière; broyer les déchets (M) dans une phase de broyage réalisée dans un broyeur à corps de broyage libres (6) sensiblement inefficaces sur la première fraction (I) et sensiblement efficaces sur la seconde fraction (II), la granulométrie de la seconde fraction (II) à la fin de l'opération de broyage étant sensiblement fine; extraire la première fraction (I) et la seconde fraction (II) du broyeur (4) au moyen d'un flux gazeux traversant le broyeur (4), ce flux gazeux étant approprié pour l'extraction de la première fraction (I) et de la seconde fraction (II) lorsque leur densité apparente est sensiblement égale ou inférieure à une densité apparente prédéfinie; séparer la première fraction (I) sensiblement grossière de la seconde fraction (II) sensiblement fine.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12726486.9A EP2686118A1 (fr) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | Procédé de gestion des déchets |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMO2011A000056 | 2011-03-14 | ||
IT000056A ITMO20110056A1 (it) | 2011-03-14 | 2011-03-14 | Procedimento per il trattamento di materiali di rifiuto |
IT000266A ITMO20110266A1 (it) | 2011-10-19 | 2011-10-19 | Procedimento per il trattamento di materiale di rifiuto |
ITMO2011A000266 | 2011-10-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012123807A1 true WO2012123807A1 (fr) | 2012-09-20 |
Family
ID=46229890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/IB2012/000473 WO2012123807A1 (fr) | 2011-03-14 | 2012-03-13 | Procédé de gestion des déchets |
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EP (1) | EP2686118A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012123807A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102909115A (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-06 | 童东华 | 筒体旋转式餐厨垃圾粉碎装置 |
JPWO2014181469A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社大貴 | 吸水処理材及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2014181468A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社大貴 | 吸水処理材及びその製造方法 |
IT201800004790A1 (it) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-23 | Processo di lavorazione del gres porcellanato e manufatti |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR826816A (fr) * | 1936-09-16 | 1938-04-11 | Procédé et appareils pour le traitement d'ordures ménagères et déchets analogues | |
EP0011592A1 (fr) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-28 | GMU-Gesellschaft für Materialrückgewinnung und Umweltschutz m.b.H. | Appareil de traitement d'ordures |
EP0693979A1 (fr) * | 1993-03-03 | 1996-01-31 | Evergreen Global Resources, Inc. | Procede de traitement de dechets solides |
DE19654255A1 (de) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-06-25 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfall oder Restabfall |
EP0876844A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-11 | Hans Dr.-Ing. Friedmann | Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de déchets |
-
2012
- 2012-03-13 WO PCT/IB2012/000473 patent/WO2012123807A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-03-13 EP EP12726486.9A patent/EP2686118A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR826816A (fr) * | 1936-09-16 | 1938-04-11 | Procédé et appareils pour le traitement d'ordures ménagères et déchets analogues | |
EP0011592A1 (fr) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-05-28 | GMU-Gesellschaft für Materialrückgewinnung und Umweltschutz m.b.H. | Appareil de traitement d'ordures |
EP0693979A1 (fr) * | 1993-03-03 | 1996-01-31 | Evergreen Global Resources, Inc. | Procede de traitement de dechets solides |
DE19654255A1 (de) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-06-25 | Herhof Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfall oder Restabfall |
EP0876844A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-11 | Hans Dr.-Ing. Friedmann | Procédé et appareil pour le traitement de déchets |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102909115A (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-02-06 | 童东华 | 筒体旋转式餐厨垃圾粉碎装置 |
JPWO2014181469A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社大貴 | 吸水処理材及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2014181468A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-10 | 2017-02-23 | 株式会社大貴 | 吸水処理材及びその製造方法 |
IT201800004790A1 (it) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-23 | Processo di lavorazione del gres porcellanato e manufatti | |
WO2019207435A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | Saxa Gres S.P.A. | Procédé de prétraitement de cendres résiduelles issues de la combustion de déchets urbains |
Also Published As
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EP2686118A1 (fr) | 2014-01-22 |
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