WO2012122797A1 - 一种单极子天线 - Google Patents

一种单极子天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012122797A1
WO2012122797A1 PCT/CN2011/080957 CN2011080957W WO2012122797A1 WO 2012122797 A1 WO2012122797 A1 WO 2012122797A1 CN 2011080957 W CN2011080957 W CN 2011080957W WO 2012122797 A1 WO2012122797 A1 WO 2012122797A1
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Prior art keywords
monopole
radiation
antenna
feed
feeding
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PCT/CN2011/080957
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张启
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012122797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012122797A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of communications, and in particular relates to a monopole antenna. Background technique
  • broadband ultra-wideband has become a trend, and broadband antennas have become a hot research topic.
  • a generally circularly polarized antenna uses two source pairs that are 90 degrees out of phase with each other.
  • the antenna feed structure is complex, or the antenna itself is structurally cut to achieve circular polarization, but this results in a narrow bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a broadband circularly polarized monopole antenna having a simple structure in view of the problems and drawbacks existing in the prior art.
  • a monopole antenna comprising a floor, a radiation monopole and a feeder
  • a gap parallel to the radiation monopole is disposed on the floor from the radiation monopole ⁇ /4;
  • the feed line includes a feed line that feeds the radiation monopole and a feed line that feeds the gap coupling.
  • the slit is a "rectangular" slit.
  • the monopole antenna further includes a feeding point; the radiation monopole, the feeding point, and the feeding line feeding the radiation monopole are parallel to each other, and are perpendicular to the feeding slot coupling Feeder feeder.
  • the feed line feeding the radiation monopole and the feed line feeding the gap coupling are perpendicularly connected to the upper end of the feed point.
  • the radiation monopole, the feed point, and the feed line feeding the radiation monopole are coaxial.
  • the radiation monopole antenna of the present invention further includes an impedance matching unit that adjusts the coupling.
  • the impedance coupling unit of the adjustment coupling is located below the feed line for the slot coupling feed.
  • the impedance coupling unit of the adjustment coupling is perpendicular to the feed line to which the feed is coupled.
  • the size of the radiation monopole and the slit needs to satisfy the same condition that the radiation fields of the two are the same.
  • the utility model provides a wide-band circularly polarized antenna with single-feeding and slot coupling, and overcomes the defect that the ordinary circularly polarized antenna has a narrow bandwidth or a complicated structure through a clever radiation method. Therefore, the monopole antenna of the present invention can be widely applied to a communication system.
  • the circular polarization working mode can be realized, and the antenna size is effectively reduced compared with the ordinary circularly polarized antenna, and the integration is easy, and the floor is added on the floor of the monopole antenna.
  • the gap greatly increases the circular polarization bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the relative bandwidth can be more than 40%, and the bandwidth of a common circularly polarized antenna is about 10%.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a monopole antenna of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the monopole antenna of the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic rear view of the monopole antenna of the present invention
  • 4 is a side view of the monopole antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a monopole antenna of the present invention, wherein the black portion of FIG. 1 indicates the front surface of the monopole antenna, and the oblique line portion indicated by reference numeral 7 indicates the back surface of the monopole antenna;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back side of the monopole antenna of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the monopole antenna of the present invention.
  • the radiation monopole antenna of the present invention comprises a dielectric plate (PCB board), a radiation monopole 1, a feed point 6, a feed line for feeding a radiation monopole, and a coupling feed for the gap.
  • the lateral distance between the center of the slit 5 and the center of the radiating monopole 1 is ⁇ /4, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
  • the radiation monopole 1, the feed point 6 and the feed line 2 feeding the radiation monopole are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the feed line 3 feeding the gap coupling.
  • the feed line 2 feeding the radiation monopole and the feed line 3 feeding the gap coupling are perpendicularly connected to the upper end of the feed point 6.
  • the radiation monopole 1, the feed point 6 and the feed line 1 feeding the radiation monopole are coaxial.
  • the impedance matching unit 4 for adjusting the coupling is located below the feed line 3 feeding the slot coupling and perpendicular to the feed line 3 feeding the slot coupling.
  • the existing monopole antenna is a linearly polarized antenna.
  • the utility model opens a gap in the lower layer of the monopole antenna to form two radiation sources to radiate the circularly polarized waves.
  • the circularly polarized wave is obtained by radiating the monopole 1 and the rectangular slit 5 which radiates the monopole ⁇ /4 on the floor.
  • the single microstrip feeder is divided into two parts: one part directly feeds the radiation monopole 1 (2 in Fig. 1); the other part couples the gap 5 of the floor (3 in Fig. 1).
  • the radiation monopole 1 is made up of current Excited, the gap 5 is excited by the magnetic current, and the electric field is orthogonal to the electric field vector of the magnetic field radiation field; since the radiation monopole 1 is separated from the slit 5 by ⁇ /4, the feeder is fed first to the radiation single The pole 1 is then coupled to the slot 5 so that the current Iz on the radiating monopole 1 is 90 ahead of the magnetic flux Kz on the slot 5.
  • their radiation field amplitudes can be designed identically.
  • the two electric field vectors orthogonal in space are out of phase by 90. , the amplitude is the same, thus achieving circular polarization.
  • the above scheme reduces the size of the antenna and widens the circular polarization bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the specific dimensions of the gap are generally obtained through simulation, physical fabrication, and debugging.
  • the design of the size of the slit 5 in the present invention will be described below by way of a specific example.
  • the total size of the dielectric substrate is LxWxh (40mm X 36mm X 1.6mm).
  • the monopole antenna of the above embodiment is used, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 2.35 GHz (2.65-5 GHz), and the relative impedance bandwidth is 61.4%.
  • the 3-dB axis ratio of the antenna covers the 3.3-5GHz range with an absolute bandwidth of 1.7GHz and a relative bandwidth of 41%.
  • the monopole antenna provided by the utility model can realize the circular polarization working mode, and effectively reduces the antenna size compared with the ordinary circularly polarized antenna, is easy to integrate, and is added on the floor of the ordinary monopole antenna.
  • the gap greatly increases the circular polarization bandwidth of the antenna. Can achieve a relative bandwidth of 40% or more.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种结构简单的宽带圆极化单极子天线，包括地板、辐射单极子（1）、馈电点（6）、给辐射单极子（1）馈电的馈线(2)、给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线(3)、调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元(4)和设在地板上且距离辐射单极子（1）λ/4的矩形缝隙（5）。所述辐射单极子（1）与所述缝隙（5）的尺寸需满足两者的辐射场振幅相同的条件。采用本实用新型提供的单极子天线，能够实现圆极化工作方式，并且与普通的圆极化天线相比有效地减少了天线尺寸，易于集成，并且通过在普通单极子天线的地板上加缝隙，大大提高了天线的圆极化带宽。能够达到相对带宽40%以上。

Description

一种单极子天线 技术领域
本实用新型属于通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种单极子天线。 背景技术
随着通信技术的发展， 宽带超宽带已经成为一种趋势， 宽带天线成为 了研究的热门。 尤其是由于一般的圆极化天线的圆极化带宽都比较窄， 近 年来对宽带圆极化天线的研究趋于白热化。 一般圆极化天线采用两个相互 正交相位相差 90度的源对， 天线馈电结构复杂， 或者对天线本身进行结构 上的切割以实现圆极化， 但这样导致天线的带宽窄。
因此， 有必要研制一种结构简单的宽带圆极化天线。 实用新型内容
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中存在的问题和缺陷， 提供一种结构简单的宽带圆极化单极子天线。
本实用新型所采用的技术方案包括：
一种单极子天线， 包括地板、 辐射单极子和馈线；
所述地板上距所述辐射单极子 λ/4 处设有一平行于所述辐射单极子的 缝隙；
所述馈线包括给所述辐射单极子馈电的馈线和给所述缝隙耦合馈电的 馈线。
进一步地， 所述缝隙为"矩形"缝隙。
进一步地， 所述单极子天线还包括馈电点； 所述辐射单极子、 所述馈 电点以及所述给辐射单极子馈电的馈线相互平行， 且垂直于所述给缝隙耦 合馈电的馈线。
更进一步地， 所述给辐射单极子馈电的馈线和所述给缝隙耦合馈电的 馈线垂直相接于所述馈电点的上端。
又更进一步地， 所述辐射单极子、 所述馈电点以及所述给辐射单极子 馈电的馈线同轴。
进一步地， 本实用新型辐射单极子天线还包括调节耦合的阻抗匹配单 元。
更进一步地， 所述调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元位于所述给缝隙耦合馈电 的馈线的下方。
再进一步地， 所述调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元垂直于所述给缝隙耦合馈 电的馈线。
进一步地， 所述辐射单极子与所述缝隙的尺寸需满足两者的辐射场振 幅相同这一条件。
本实用新型的有益效果为：
本实用新型提供了一种单馈电带有缝隙耦合的宽带圆极化天线， 通过 巧妙的辐射方式， 克服了普通圆极化天线要么带宽窄， 要么结构复杂的缺 陷。 因而本实用新型单极子天线能够广泛应用于通信系统。
采用本实用新型提供的单极子天线， 能够实现圆极化工作方式， 并且 与普通的圆极化天线相比有效地减少了天线尺寸， 易于集成， 并且通过在 单极子天线的地板上加缝隙， 大大地提高了天线的圆极化带宽。 能够达到 相对带宽 40%以上， 普通的圆极化天线的带宽为 10%左右。 附图说明
图 1为本实用新型单极子天线的构造示意图；
图 2为本实用新型单极子天线正面示意图；
图 3为本实用新型单极子天线背面示意图； 图 4为本实用新型单极子天线侧面示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作进一步详细说明。
图 1为本实用新型单极子天线的构造示意图， 图 1 中黑色部分表示单 极子天线的正面， 附图标记 7所示的斜划线部分表示单极子天线的背面； 图 1为本实用新型单极子天线正面示意图； 图 3为本实用新型单极子天线 背面示意图； 图 4为本实用新型单极子天线侧面示意图。
如图 1—4所示， 本实用新型辐射单极子天线包括介质板（PCB板）、 辐 射单极子 1、 馈电点 6、 给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 2、 给缝隙耦合馈电的馈 线 3、 调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元 4和设在地板上的矩形缝隙 5 , 地板指的天 线领域中的地。
缝隙 5的中心和辐射单极子 1的中心的横向距离为 λ/4, 其中 λ是电磁 波的波长。
辐射单极子 1、馈电点 6以及给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 2相互平行，且 垂直于给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线 3。给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 2和给缝隙耦合 馈电的馈线 3垂直相接于馈电点 6的上端。 本实施例中， 辐射单极子 1、馈 电点 6以及给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 1同轴。
调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元 4位于给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线 3的下方， 且 垂直于给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线 3。
现有的单极子天线为线极化天线。 本实用新型在单极子天线的下层地 开缝隙， 形成两个辐射源， 以辐射出圆极化的波。
采用本实用新型技术方案， 圆极化波是通过辐射单极子 1 和开在地板 上的距离辐射单极子 λ/4的矩形缝隙 5来获得的。单一的微带馈线分为两部 分： 一部分直接对辐射单极子 1进行馈电 （图 1中的 2 ); 另一部分对地板 的缝隙 5进行耦合馈电 （图 1中的 3 )。 众所周知， 辐射单极子 1是由电流 激励的， 缝隙 5是由磁流激励的， 而电流与磁流辐射场的电场矢量在空间 上正交； 由于辐射单极子 1与缝隙 5相距为 λ/4, 馈线先馈电给辐射单极子 1 , 然后耦合馈电给缝隙 5 , 因此辐射单极子 1上的电流 Iz比缝隙 5上的磁 流 Kz超前 90。； 通过选取合适的辐射单极子 1与缝隙 5的尺寸， 它们的辐 射场振幅可设计的相同。 综上， 两个在空间正交的电场矢量相位相差 90。， 振幅相同， 从而实现了圆极化。 采用上述方案减少了天线的尺寸， 增宽了 天线的圆极化带宽。
缝隙的具体尺寸业界一般通过仿真、 做成实物、 调试得到。 下面以一 个具体实例的方式对本实用新型中的缝隙 5的尺寸的设计进行说明。
该实施例中，天线采用 FR4介质基板，厚度 h=1.6mm,介电常数 sr=4.4, 损 耗 角 正 切 δ=0.02 。 介 质 基 板 的 总 体 尺 寸 为 LxWxh ( 40mm X 36mm X 1.6mm )。
L=40mm,W=36mm, Wo= 12mm,Lo=22mm,Lg= 16mm,Lf=6mm,Lp 1 =8mm, Lp2=18.5mm,Wf=3mm,W l=1.5mm,Wp2=lmm,Ls=4mm,Ws=2mm,F=4.5mm ,M=3 mm, So=4mm, S 1 =2 mm, S2= 6mm, S3 =2 mm, S4= 14mm。
据测试，采用以上实施例的单极子天线，该天线的阻抗带宽为 2.35GHz ( 2.65-5GHz ), 相对阻抗带宽为 61.4%。 该天线的 3-dB 轴比带宽覆盖了 3.3-5GHz的范围， 绝对带宽为 1.7GHz, 相对带宽为 41%。
以上所述的具体实施例， 对本实用新型的目的、 技术方案和有益效果 进行了进一步详细说明， 所应注意的是， 以上所述仅为本实用新型的具体 实施例而已， 本领域的技术人员可以对本实用新型进行各种改动和变型而 不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本实用新型的这些修改和变 型属于本实用新型权利要求记载的技术方案及其等同技术的范围之内， 则 本实用新型也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。 工业实用性
本实用新型提供的单极子天线， 能够实现圆极化工作方式， 并且与普 通的圆极化天线相比有效地减少了天线尺寸， 易于集成， 并且通过在普通 单极子天线的地板上加缝隙， 大大提高了天线的圆极化带宽。 能够达到相 对带宽 40%以上。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种单极子天线， 包括地板、 辐射单极子 （1 )和馈线：
所述地板上距所述辐射单极子 （ 1 ) λ/4 处设有一平行于所述辐射单极 子（1 ) 的缝隙 （5), 其中 λ是电磁波的波长；
所述馈线包括给所述辐射单极子馈电的馈线（ 2 )和给所述缝隙耦合馈 电的馈线（3)。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的单极子天线， 所述缝隙 （5) 为"矩形"缝隙。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的单极子天线， 所述单极子天线还包括馈电点 (6); 所述辐射单极子 （1)、 所述馈电点 (6)以及所述给辐射单极子馈电的馈 线（2)相互平行， 且垂直于所述给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线（3)。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的单极子天线， 所述给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 (2)和所述给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线（3)垂直相接于所述馈电点 （6) 的上 端。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的单极子天线， 所述辐射单极子（1)、 所述馈 电点 （6) 以及所述给辐射单极子馈电的馈线 （2) 同轴。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的单极子天线， 所述单极子天线还包括调节耦 合的阻抗匹配单元（4)。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的单极子天线， 所述调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元 (4)位于所述给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线 （3) 的下方。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的单极子天线， 所述调节耦合的阻抗匹配单元
( 4 )垂直于所述给缝隙耦合馈电的馈线 （ 3 )。
9、 根据权利要求 1至 8中任一项所述的单极子天线，
所述辐射单极子 （1 ) 与所述缝隙 （5) 的尺寸需满足两者的辐射场振 幅相同的条件。
PCT/CN2011/080957 2011-03-17 2011-10-18 一种单极子天线 WO2012122797A1 (zh)

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CN113131186B (zh) * 2021-03-26 2022-08-19 联想(北京)有限公司 一种超宽带天线、电子设备及信号接收方法
CN115513655A (zh) * 2022-09-23 2022-12-23 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 集成天线及电子设备

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1152195A (zh) * 1995-05-29 1997-06-18 三菱电机株式会社 天线装置
EP1562259A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Radio communication apparatus
US20070236401A1 (en) * 2005-05-05 2007-10-11 Shih-Huang Yeh Wireless Apparatus Capable Of Controlling Radiation Patterns Of Antenna
CN101984520A (zh) * 2010-10-22 2011-03-09 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 一种蓝牙天线结构及其便携式无线通讯装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1152195A (zh) * 1995-05-29 1997-06-18 三菱电机株式会社 天线装置
EP1562259A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-08-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Radio communication apparatus
US20070236401A1 (en) * 2005-05-05 2007-10-11 Shih-Huang Yeh Wireless Apparatus Capable Of Controlling Radiation Patterns Of Antenna
CN101984520A (zh) * 2010-10-22 2011-03-09 惠州Tcl移动通信有限公司 一种蓝牙天线结构及其便携式无线通讯装置

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