WO2012115434A2 - Procédé permettant de coder et de décoder des images au moyen d'une pluralité d'images de référence et dispositif utilisant ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de coder et de décoder des images au moyen d'une pluralité d'images de référence et dispositif utilisant ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012115434A2
WO2012115434A2 PCT/KR2012/001311 KR2012001311W WO2012115434A2 WO 2012115434 A2 WO2012115434 A2 WO 2012115434A2 KR 2012001311 W KR2012001311 W KR 2012001311W WO 2012115434 A2 WO2012115434 A2 WO 2012115434A2
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Prior art keywords
prediction
picture
information
decoding
index
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PCT/KR2012/001311
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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WO2012115434A3 (fr
Inventor
임성창
김휘용
정세윤
조숙희
김종호
이하현
이진호
최진수
김진웅
최해철
Original Assignee
한국전자통신연구원
한밭대학교 산학협력단
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Priority to US14/000,437 priority Critical patent/US20130322535A1/en
Priority claimed from KR1020120017429A external-priority patent/KR20120095814A/ko
Publication of WO2012115434A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012115434A2/fr
Publication of WO2012115434A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012115434A3/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/573—Motion compensation with multiple frame prediction using two or more reference frames in a given prediction direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image encoding / decoding method, and more particularly, to an image encoding / decoding method using a plurality of reference images, and an apparatus using the method.
  • an inter prediction technique for predicting pixel values included in a current picture from a previous and / or subsequent picture in time, and predicting pixel values included in a current picture using pixel information in the current picture.
  • An intra prediction technique an entropy encoding technique of allocating a short code to a symbol with a high frequency of appearance and a long code to a symbol with a low frequency of appearance may be used.
  • Video compression technology is a technology that provides a constant network bandwidth under a limited operating environment of hardware without considering a fluid network environment.
  • a new compression technique is required to compress image data applied to a network environment in which bandwidth changes frequently, and a scalable video encoding / decoding method may be used for this purpose.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a method of displaying reference picture index information in inter prediction.
  • An image decoding method for achieving the first object of the present invention described above may include decoding prediction direction information and decoding reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information.
  • the prediction direction information includes a first prediction direction for predicting a prediction target block based on at least one picture among pictures existing in a reverse direction of a picture to be predicted and at least one picture existing in a forward direction of the picture to be predicted, A second prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block based on a plurality of pictures among the pictures existing in the forward direction of the prediction target picture, and the prediction target block based on the plurality of pictures among the pictures existing in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.
  • the prediction direction may be a third prediction direction.
  • the prediction direction information is based on a fourth prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block based on one picture among the pictures existing in the forward direction of the prediction target picture, and one picture among the pictures existing in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.
  • the method may further include a fifth prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block.
  • Decoding reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information, when the prediction target block is the first prediction direction, at least one picture index in the forward direction of the prediction target picture and at least one in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture Decode a picture index, decode the plurality of picture indices in the forward direction of the predicted picture when the prediction target block is in the second prediction direction, and determine if the predictive block is the third prediction direction. Decoding the plurality of picture indices in the reverse direction.
  • Decoding reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information when the prediction target block is the fourth prediction direction, decoding one picture index in a forward direction of the prediction target picture and the prediction target block is the fifth prediction.
  • the method may further include decoding one picture index in the reverse direction of the picture to be predicted.
  • the image decoding method may further include decoding motion vector information.
  • the prediction direction information may be information encoded as syntax element information.
  • an apparatus for decoding an image including a prediction direction information determiner for determining prediction direction information and index information of a picture performed for prediction based on the prediction direction information. It may include a reference picture determiner for determining the.
  • the prediction direction information includes a first prediction direction for predicting a prediction target block based on at least one picture among pictures existing in a reverse direction of a picture to be predicted and at least one picture existing in a forward direction of the picture to be predicted, A second prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block based on a plurality of pictures among the pictures existing in the forward direction of the prediction target picture, and the prediction target block based on the plurality of pictures among the pictures existing in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.
  • the prediction direction may be a third prediction direction.
  • the prediction direction information is based on a fourth prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block based on one picture among the pictures existing in the forward direction of the prediction target picture, and one picture among the pictures existing in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.
  • the method may further include a fifth prediction direction for predicting the prediction target block.
  • Decoding reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information, when the prediction target block is the first prediction direction, at least one picture index in the forward direction of the prediction target picture and at least one in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture Decode a picture index, decode the plurality of picture indices in the forward direction of the predicted picture when the prediction target block is in the second prediction direction, and determine if the predictive block is the third prediction direction. Decoding the plurality of picture indices in the reverse direction.
  • the method may further include decoding one picture index in the reverse direction of the picture to be predicted.
  • the image decoding method may further include a prediction performing unit which performs prediction by decoding motion vector information.
  • an image encoding / decoding method using a plurality of reference images and an apparatus using the method encodes index information of a reference picture by encoding / decoding reference picture information used in inter prediction.
  • the coding efficiency can be increased.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of selecting and encoding a reference picture index according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.
  • the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image encoding apparatus 100 may include a motion predictor 111, a motion compensator 112, an intra predictor 120, a switch 115, a subtractor 125, and a converter 130. And a quantization unit 140, an entropy encoding unit 150, an inverse quantization unit 160, an inverse transform unit 170, an adder 175, a filter unit 180, and a reference image buffer 190.
  • the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes an input image in an intra mode or an inter mode and outputs a bitstream.
  • intra prediction may be used in the same meaning as intra prediction and inter prediction.
  • an intra prediction method and an inter prediction method may be selectively used for the prediction unit.
  • the image encoding apparatus 100 generates a prediction block for the original block of the input image and then encodes a difference between the original block and the prediction block.
  • the intra prediction unit 120 may perform spatial prediction using pixel values of an already encoded block around the current block. Generate a predictive block.
  • the motion predictor 111 finds a motion vector in the reference image stored in the reference image buffer 190 that best matches the input block in the motion prediction process.
  • the motion compensator 112 generates a prediction block by performing motion compensation using the motion vector.
  • the subtractor 125 generates a residual block by the difference between the input block and the generated prediction block.
  • the transform unit 130 performs a transform on the residual block and outputs a transform coefficient.
  • the quantization unit 140 quantizes the input transform coefficient according to the quantization parameter and outputs a quantized coefficient.
  • the entropy encoder 150 entropy codes the input quantized coefficients according to a probability distribution and outputs a bit stream.
  • the entropy encoder 150 may use an encoding method such as exponential golomb, context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), or context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) for entropy encoding.
  • CAVLC context-adaptive variable length coding
  • CABAC context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding
  • the inverse quantization unit 160 inverse quantizes the quantized coefficients
  • the inverse transform unit 170 inverse transforms the inverse quantized coefficients to output the reconstructed difference block.
  • the adder 175 adds the reconstructed difference block to the prediction block to generate a reconstruction block.
  • the reconstruction block passes through the filter unit 180, and the filter unit 180 applies at least one or more of a deblocking filter, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) to the reconstruction block or the reconstruction picture. can do.
  • the filter unit 180 may be referred to as an adaptive in-loop filter.
  • the deblocking filter can remove block distortion generated at the boundary between blocks.
  • SAO may add an appropriate offset value to pixel values to compensate for coding errors.
  • the ALF may perform filtering based on a value obtained by comparing the reconstructed image with the original image.
  • the reconstructed block that has passed through the filter unit 180 is stored in the reference image buffer 190.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an image decoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 may include an entropy decoder 210, an inverse quantizer 220, an inverse transformer 230, an intra predictor 240, a motion compensator 250, and a filter. 260 and a reference picture buffer 270.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 receives a bitstream output from the encoder and performs decoding in an intra mode or an inter mode, and outputs a reconstructed image, that is, a reconstructed image.
  • a prediction block is generated using an intra prediction method
  • inter mode a prediction block is generated using an inter prediction method.
  • the image decoding apparatus 200 obtains a reconstructed residual block from the input bitstream, generates a prediction block, and then adds the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block to generate a reconstructed block, that is, a reconstruction block.
  • the entropy decoder 210 entropy decodes the input bitstream according to a probability distribution and outputs quantized coefficients.
  • the quantized coefficients are inversely quantized in the inverse quantizer 220 and inversely transformed in the inverse transformer 230, and as a result of the inverse quantization / inverse transformation of the quantized coefficients, a reconstructed residual block is generated.
  • the entropy decoding method When the entropy decoding method is applied, a small number of bits are allocated to a symbol having a high probability of occurrence and a large number of bits are allocated to a symbol having a low probability of occurrence, so that the size of the bit string for each symbol is increased. Can be reduced. Therefore, the compression performance of image decoding can be improved through an entropy decoding method.
  • the intra prediction unit 240 (or the inter prediction unit) generates a prediction block by performing spatial prediction using pixel values of blocks already decoded around the current block.
  • the motion compensator 250 In the inter prediction mode, the motion compensator 250 generates a predictive block by performing motion compensation using the motion vector and the reference image stored in the reference image buffer 270.
  • the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block are added through the adder 255, and the added block passes through the filter unit 260.
  • the filter unit 260 may apply at least one or more of the deblocking filter, SAO, and ALF to the reconstructed block or the reconstructed picture.
  • the filter unit 260 outputs a reconstructed image, that is, a reconstructed image.
  • the reconstructed picture may be stored in the reference picture buffer 270 to be used for inter prediction.
  • Methods for improving the prediction performance of the encoding / decoding apparatus include a method of increasing the accuracy of an interpolation image and a method of predicting a difference signal.
  • the difference signal is a signal representing the difference between the original image and the predicted image.
  • the "difference signal” may be used by being replaced with “difference signal”, “residual block” or “difference block” according to the context, and those skilled in the art may affect the spirit and the essence of the invention. This can be distinguished to the extent that it does not give.
  • a coding unit is used as a coding unit for convenience of description, but may also be a unit for performing decoding as well as encoding.
  • the inter prediction method using the plurality of reference images described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the functions of the respective modules described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. It is included in the scope of the present invention. That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the image encoding method and the image decoding method to be described later may be performed by each component included in the image encoder and the image decoder described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the meaning of the component may include not only the hardware meaning but also a software processing unit that may be performed through an algorithm.
  • an embodiment of the present invention describes a method of performing prediction using two reference picture lists (L0 list and L1 list) mainly for convenience of description, but also performing prediction using two or more reference picture lists. Possible and such embodiments are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • prediction direction information is encoded (step S300).
  • the L0 list and the L1 list may be used as a reference picture list for predicting an encoding target block that performs prediction using a plurality of reference images.
  • the L0 list may be assigned a smaller index number in the forward direction closer to the predicted picture and may be assigned a larger index number in the backward direction farther from the predicted picture.
  • the L1 list may be assigned a smaller index number in the reverse direction closer to the predicted picture and may be assigned a larger index number in the forward direction farther from the predicted picture.
  • Three methods may be used as a prediction method using two reference pictures, and prediction direction information may be encoded as follows.
  • the first prediction direction is a bidirectional prediction method that uses at least one reference image and at least one motion vector among images belonging to the forward direction and at least one reference image and at least one motion vector among images belonging to the reverse direction to the current block. Inter prediction can be performed.
  • the second prediction direction is a forward prediction method, and may perform inter prediction using a plurality of reference images and a plurality of motion vectors corresponding thereto among images belonging to the forward direction.
  • the plurality of reference images may be the same.
  • the inter prediction may be performed by using a plurality of reference images and a plurality of motion vectors corresponding to the plurality of reference images among the images belonging to the reverse direction.
  • the plurality of reference images may be the same.
  • prediction may be performed using three directions (bi-directional, forward and reverse) according to which reference picture the current block to be predicted uses to predict and may encode such prediction direction information.
  • the prediction direction information may be encoded using predetermined syntax element information, and the prediction direction information encoded with the syntax element may be decoded and used as prediction direction information of the prediction target block in the decoding step.
  • the reference picture index is encoded based on the prediction direction information (step S310).
  • the reference image index encoding method uses a list for encoding an index according to a prediction direction so that a picture index number used for performing inter prediction in a block to be predicted may have a small number. .
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of selecting and encoding a reference picture index according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conventional reference picture coding method when inter prediction is performed using a plurality of reference pictures (for example, Picture 1 and Picture 2) in the forward direction, Picture 1 is indexed in an L0 list (List0 list). The number 0 is used and the picture 2 is encoded using the reference picture information used in the prediction target block by using the number 3 indexed from the L1 list (List1 list).
  • L0 list a smaller index number may be allocated in the forward direction closer to the predicted picture, and a larger index number may be allocated in the backward direction farther from the predicted picture.
  • the L1 list a smaller index number may be allocated in the reverse direction closer to the predicted picture and a larger index number may be allocated in the forward direction farther from the predicted picture.
  • the reference picture information used in the prediction target block based on a small index number is calculated by using index information calculated from one list in the forward or reverse direction. Can be expressed.
  • the picture index information used in performing the forward prediction may be encoded based on the picture index information of the L0 list.
  • the reference picture index may be encoded in a different method according to each prediction direction. For example, in the case of the first prediction direction, a reference picture present in the forward direction may be encoded based on index information of the L0 list, and a reference picture present in the reverse direction may be encoded based on the index value included in the L1 list. Since the second prediction direction is forward, reference picture index information used by the prediction block may be expressed based on the L0 list index information of the reference pictures. Since the third prediction direction is the reverse direction, reference picture index information used by the prediction block may be expressed based on the L1 list index information of the reference pictures. That is, in the method of expressing reference picture index information according to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to encode reference picture information used by a prediction block using a smaller index, the pictures are indexed using index information of different lists according to prediction directions. do.
  • the motion vector for the reference picture is encoded (step S320).
  • each motion vector for a reference picture existing in the forward and reverse directions of the picture to be predicted may be encoded, and in the case of the second prediction direction, each motion vector for a picture existing in the forward direction of the predicted picture In the third prediction direction, each motion vector of a picture existing in the reverse direction of the picture to be predicted may be encoded.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • prediction direction information is decoded (step S500).
  • three prediction directions may exist in the first prediction direction, the second prediction direction, and the third prediction direction, and may decode encoded information about which direction to perform prediction.
  • Reference image index information is decoded according to the prediction direction information (step S510).
  • the method of calculating the reference image index information may vary according to the prediction direction information.
  • the prediction direction information For example, in the case of the first prediction direction, since the reference picture is used in the forward and reverse directions, at least one of the decoded index information represents index information in the L0 list, and at least one of the decoded index information is index information in the L1 list. Indicates.
  • the second prediction direction uses a plurality of reference pictures in the forward direction, but all of the index information indicates picture information indexed in the L0 list.
  • the third prediction direction uses a plurality of reference pictures in the reverse direction, but all of the index information indicates picture information indexed in the L1 list.
  • the motion vector is decoded according to the prediction direction information (step S520).
  • the motion vector is decoded with respect to the reference picture indexed differently according to each prediction direction, and then the decoded motion vector is applied to predict the same as the encoding step. You can create a block.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • prediction direction information is encoded (step S600).
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 a method of encoding reference picture index information of a prediction target block using two reference pictures has been described.
  • the reference picture index of the prediction target block using one reference picture is described.
  • a method of encoding information For example, a block included in a B picture may perform prediction using a plurality of motion vectors (each motion vector or two reference pictures but two motion vectors in two reference pictures) or one motion vector (one motion vector). Prediction can be performed using a single motion vector) in the reference picture, and thus two prediction methods are performed in the forward direction and the reverse direction in the prediction directions disclosed in FIGS. 3 to 5. In addition, it can be used.
  • the prediction direction information may be represented by a syntax element, for example, a syntax element such as inter_pred_idc, and the value of each syntax element may be encoded by being mapped to the prediction direction information used by the prediction target block.
  • the reference picture index is encoded based on the prediction direction information (step S610).
  • Reference image index information may be encoded based on the prediction direction information calculated in operation S600.
  • a reference picture index value included in the L0 list and an index value of the reference picture included in the L1 list may be encoded.
  • a third prediction direction capable of encoding the index value of the reference picture included in the L0 list and performing prediction based on the plurality of pictures in the reverse direction In this case, encoding may be performed on the index values of the reference pictures included in the L1 list.
  • the fourth prediction direction may encode index information of the reference object included in the L0 list to encode index information of the prediction target block
  • the fifth prediction direction may encode index value of the reference image included in the L1 list to encode the predicted block
  • the index information of may be encoded.
  • the motion vector for the reference picture is encoded (step S620).
  • a motion vector for generating a prediction block of a prediction target block is encoded based on a reference picture determined according to the prediction direction.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method using a plurality of reference images according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • prediction direction information is decoded (step S700).
  • the first to fifth prediction directions may exist, and encoding information of the prediction target block may be decoded to know reference picture information used by the prediction target block.
  • the reference picture index is decoded based on the prediction direction information (step S710).
  • the picture indicated by the index of the picture used for prediction may vary according to the prediction direction information.
  • the decoded index value may be the index value of the L0 list and the index value of the L1 list.
  • the decoded index value is L0.
  • the decoded index value may be the index value of the L1 list.
  • the motion vector is decoded according to the prediction direction information (step S720).
  • a reference picture indexed differently according to each prediction direction may be determined, and a motion vector for generating a prediction block of a decoding target block with respect to the determined reference picture may be decoded.
  • FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the prediction unit of the image encoding apparatus may include a prediction direction information calculator 800, an index information calculator 820, and a motion vector information calculator 840.
  • the prediction direction information calculator 800 may calculate the corresponding information by determining the prediction direction of the prediction target block as one of the first to fifth prediction directions as in FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • the index information calculator 820 may calculate a reference picture index value for performing prediction on the prediction target block based on the prediction direction information.
  • the motion vector information calculator 840 may encode motion vector information for predicting the prediction target block.
  • the calculated prediction direction information, index information, and motion vector information may be encoded by the entropy encoder.
  • FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the prediction unit of the image decoding apparatus may include a prediction direction information determiner 900, a reference picture determiner 920, and a prediction performer 940.
  • the prediction direction information determiner 900 may select any one of the first prediction direction and the fifth prediction direction for the prediction of the current picture. It can be determined whether or not the direction.
  • the reference picture determiner 920 may determine which reference picture index value the prediction target block has based on the prediction direction information.
  • the prediction performer 940 may perform prediction based on the decoded motion vector information and the index information calculated by the reference picture determiner 920.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de coder et de décoder des images au moyen d'une pluralité d'images de référence et un dispositif utilisant ce procédé. Ledit procédé de décodage consiste : à décoder des informations de direction prédictive ; et à décoder des informations d'indice d'image de référence sur la base desdites informations de direction prédictive. Ainsi, l'invention rend le codage plus efficace grâce à une réduction du nombre d'indices d'images de référence.
PCT/KR2012/001311 2011-02-21 2012-02-21 Procédé permettant de coder et de décoder des images au moyen d'une pluralité d'images de référence et dispositif utilisant ce procédé WO2012115434A2 (fr)

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KR20110015231 2011-02-21
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KR1020120017429A KR20120095814A (ko) 2011-02-21 2012-02-21 복수 참조 영상을 이용한 영상 부복호화 방법 및 이러한 방법을 사용하는 장치
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11234675A (ja) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-27 Sony Corp 動画像符号化装置及び方法、動画像復号装置及び方法並びに記録媒体
US20060133485A1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-06-22 Park Seung W Method for encoding and decoding video signal
US20100091886A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2010-04-15 Byeong Moon Jeon Method and apparatus for decoding/encoding a video signal

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11234675A (ja) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-27 Sony Corp 動画像符号化装置及び方法、動画像復号装置及び方法並びに記録媒体
US20060133485A1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-06-22 Park Seung W Method for encoding and decoding video signal
US20100091886A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2010-04-15 Byeong Moon Jeon Method and apparatus for decoding/encoding a video signal

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