WO2012112019A1 - Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water - Google Patents

Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012112019A1
WO2012112019A1 PCT/MX2011/000024 MX2011000024W WO2012112019A1 WO 2012112019 A1 WO2012112019 A1 WO 2012112019A1 MX 2011000024 W MX2011000024 W MX 2011000024W WO 2012112019 A1 WO2012112019 A1 WO 2012112019A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ozone
water
chlorine
pool water
swimming pool
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2011/000024
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Héctor ARGOTE MINGRAMM
Original Assignee
Argote Mingramm Hector
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Publication date
Application filed by Argote Mingramm Hector filed Critical Argote Mingramm Hector
Priority to PCT/MX2011/000024 priority Critical patent/WO2012112019A1/en
Publication of WO2012112019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012112019A1/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C02F1/4674Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation with halogen or compound of halogens, e.g. chlorine, bromine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/42Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4612Controlling or monitoring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/78Details relating to ozone treatment devices
    • C02F2201/782Ozone generators
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/78Details relating to ozone treatment devices
    • C02F2201/784Diffusers or nozzles for ozonation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C02F2209/008Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising telecommunication features, e.g. modems or antennas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/04Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, the invention also relates to the apparatus and the method for sanitizing the water; it also relates to the devices and the method; It is based on the generation of chlorine in situ by saline electrolysis and ozone by voltaic arc, with this combined action an efficient disinfection is achieved, without the application of sanitizing chemicals, this treatment is called ecological, it is carried out in order to obtain numerous and notable advantages over other existing systems similar purposes and with the results obtained meets national and international standards, including PROY-NOM-000-SSA1 -2005 (Mexico). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Chlorine generation equipment by saline electrolysis based on titanium cells;
  • Our research focused on the metallurgical study of compatible coatings (based on precious metals), as well as on electronic design, in order to give them self-cleaning properties and a commercial duration close to 30,000 hrs.
  • Equipment for generating ozone is also known; also based on the generation of a high electrical voltage MAT (very high voltage);
  • MAT very high voltage
  • our model in the design of the electrodes we use materials that allow us Ozone generation is more efficient, minimizing heat losses and operating at lower amperage, which results in lower operating costs.
  • the system has an automatic process control, in the water line there is an ORP and PH sensor, which send signal to the generator controller, monitoring is done locally and remotely, via satellite signal;
  • This disinfection system has a compact user-friendly design; and electrical devices meet the strictest safety standards.
  • the disinfection system object of this patent is constituted as the best and most efficient way to sanitize pool water; Its total automation and remote monitoring facilitate operation and supervision, all components are national, easy replacement and low cost, with reduced maintenance during its useful life.
  • the disinfectant treatment mostly used for swimming pools is chlorine; the most common use in these is the stabilized with cyanuric acid, called trichloroisocyanuric, although this treatment is efficient and at a good cost, it presents the following problem: the limits of cyanuric acid are constantly being reviewed, so the WHO marks a lower limit to 100 parts per million, some European regulations limit it between 30 and 50 parts per million.
  • Figure 1 shows the General Diagram, where the filtration system of a pool is shown, for a better understanding of the system, a typical filtration system of a pool is included in the diagram, consisting of the pump, the filter, valves and suction and return pipes to the pools.
  • Figure 2 shows the Electrolysis Cell Diagram, which describes the main components of the cell, whose function is to generate a chlorinated solution, from a saline solution.
  • FIG 3 shows the Ozone Generator Diagram, where the basic components of the ozone generator are indicated.
  • Figure 4 shows the electronic diagram of the chlorine generator by saline electrolysis, where an electronic circuit of the titanium cells for the generation of chlorine is shown.
  • Figure 5 shows the electronic diagram of the ozone generator, where this diagram shows an electronic circuit that emits a calculated oscillation through a capacitive-resistive circuit to generate the pulses that when they reach the transformer, become high voltage pulses , where the oxygen enrichment is turned on and a signal is emitted through a light bulb.
  • the invention The integral disinfection system can be described in 3 basic aspects. 1. Description of the general system figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows the General Diagram, where the filtration system of a swimming pool is shown.
  • a typical filtration system of a swimming pool is included in the diagram, composed of the pump, the filter, the valves and the suction and return pipes to the pools, the chlorine salt generator (1), where a derivation of the filtered and salt pool water, feeds the electrolysis cell, which generates a chlorinated solution, the Cell of electrolysis (2), which generates chlorine from the saline solution, Brine Injection (3), taking advantage of the pool's own filtration system (return of filtered water to the pool), the Pressure Valve (4) , which would act as a shunt in case of blockage of the cell, the Chlorine Injection Venturi (5) to the return pipe to the pool, the Degassed Valve ra (6), to avoid gas accumulation in the cell, the Sensor cell flow (7), connected to the control panel of the salt generator, which commands system shutdown in case of not detecting flow, the water supply to the chlorine and p
  • PH sensor for measurement and control of the system ph, is connected to an auxiliary dosing pump, which sucks from the ph modifier container tank, this is controlled from the control panel, the Saline generator control board (10) , with the following functions: ORP and PH measurement and control, Electrolysis cell power supply, regulated voltage and amperage, Satellite signal output, with ORP and PH values, Satellite Antenna (1 1), Dashboard Power supply (12), Oxygen Enrichment (13), ozone generator, which includes air dryer filter, Ozone Generator (14), Voltage and Amperage Meter (15), Plastic Pipe Ozone injection (16), Ozone injection Venturi (17), Main flow valve (18), where water circulates through the venturi making a vacuum for ozone injection, System auxiliary pump ozone (19), where the water flows through avés of the venturi, to the contact tank, the Ozone Destroyer (20), the activated carbon filter placed above the contact tank, the stainless steel contact tank (21), the water injection Venturi (22) with ozone to the return pipe to the
  • Control board With ORP indication, voltage, amperage and flow sensor.
  • Titanium plates (5 plates per cell) of the indicated dimensions.
  • Chlorine solution outlet Figure 3 shows the Ozone Generator Diagram, which indicates the basic components of the ozone generator, which are listed as follows:
  • Oxygen Enrichment Send dry air under pressure to the ozone generating cell.
  • Figure 4 shows the electronic diagram of the chlorine generator by saline electrolysis, where an electronic circuit of the titanium cells for chlorine generation is shown.
  • Figure 5 shows the electronic diagram of the ozone generator, where this diagram shows an electronic circuit that emits a calculated oscillation through a capacitive-resistive circuit to generate the pulses that when they reach the transformer, become high voltage pulses ; When there is a current, the oxygen enrichment is turned on and emits a signal through a light bulb.
  • the current enters (1), thus turning on the air enrichment (1 1), and the indicator light (2) whose voltage is decreased through a resistor (3);
  • the current is rectified through diodes (4), the capacitors (7) finish the rectification and serve as a trigger for the SCR (12) through the resistor (5) and (6) said trip is amplified by the primary winding of the transformer (9) thus obtaining a MAT (Very high voltage) output from the secondary of the transformer (10), so they are listed as follows:
  • Our integral disinfection system for pool water is installed in the filtration system typical of conventional pools, with the condition of converting pool water into a light brine, this is achieved by adding 5 gr to the body of water. of chlorine per liter. The chlorine and ozone generated are injected into the return line of already filtered water. Likewise, an ORP sensor will be installed on the return line, this monitoring will provide feedback to the control system, which will send system shutdown in case of exceeding the preset value.
  • the system complements a ph meter and a controller, which will send a signal to a dosing pump of a ph modifier, in order to keep this parameter within the regulated range.
  • the operation of the salt generator is as follows: A derivation of the flow of water back to the pool (water with a salinity of 5 gr. Of salt), feeds the electrolysis cell, the chlorine solution generated in the cell is injected into through a venturi to the return line to the pool;
  • the chlorine generation system completes a pressure valve that derives the flow in case of obstruction of the cell by fouling, disposes the cell of a degassing valve that eliminates the accumulated gases, a flow sensor, sends signal to the control board, same that commands system shutdown in case of not detecting flow through the salt generation cell.
  • the control panel of the chlorine generator has voltage, amperage, ORP (indirect chlorine measurement) and PH measurement, as well as the power and flow indicators of the cell.
  • the chlorine and PH sensors feed from a bypass of the pool return water, and connect electronically to the control board, and command system shutdown if the setpoint is exceeded.
  • the control panel is powered by the power supply board, whose function is to distribute the loads and interrupt in case of emergency based on thermoelectric switches.
  • the system has an Ozone Generator, powered by an electronic controller, which generates the MAT (very high voltage), the electronic controller is electrically powered from the electrical board.
  • MAT very high voltage
  • the oxygen enricher has a compressor and a filter, feeds enriched oxygen (0 2 ) to the ozone generator, where by a very high voltage, Ozone (O3) is generated; this ozone is injected into the drag pipe through a hose and a venturi, the drag flow is generated with an auxiliary pump, through the feed valve to the contact tank, the water reaches the tank through microbubbling; This solution of water and ozone is injected into the return line, through a venturi.
  • the tank has an Ozone destroyer (activated carbon filter) integrated to the top, to prevent ozone leakage into the environment.
  • An optional device to this system is illustrated, for the application of a ph modifier with a metering pump, which is fed from a container tank, this pump doses to the return pipe to the pool through an injection "T" .
  • Our invention was developed by experimenting with different types of coatings and varying the power supply, we incorporate a cell design that allows us to easily and totally eliminate the gases that accumulate, this minimizes the possibility of an explosion, resulting in a Efficient and safe chlorine generation.
  • the mentioned coating gives the electrodes self-cleaning properties, since the polarity of the voltage we supply to the cells can be changed, exchanging the anode and cathode function;
  • the cells we design are estimated to last 30,000 hours; Even so, we incorporate a chemical cleaning system with a chelating solution into the design.
  • the amperage demand is up to a maximum of 30 amps.
  • the chlorine produced by the salt generator, in the electrolysis cell depends on the combination of voltage and amperage that passes through the cell.
  • hypochlorous acid HCIO a very active species of chlorine
  • Ozone through very high voltage (MAT)
  • MAT very high voltage
  • ozone generator which is capable of producing ozone-a triatomic molecule (containing three oxygen atoms) artificially, by generating an electric MAT (very high voltage) that It produces ozone, and, collaterally, negative ions, we integrate an oxygen concentrator in order to make this reaction more efficient.
  • the generator object of the invention generates ozone at frequencies of 1 kHz, and with voltages ranging between 20 kV and 150 kv.
  • the dominant factor that causes ozone generation is the temperature of the vector gas that is controlled by the cooling air; the colder the air, the better the synthesis of ozone; Most of the energy is dissipated in heat, which must be neutralized by a very efficient air flow, the enriched air system incorporated into the system fulfills this function.
  • the material that we selected for the electrodes was 316L stainless steel, as well as aluminum, and glass between the electrodes, the container body and conduction hoses were PVDF and EPDM, the pipes we selected were made of PVC ID 80.
  • Each generation module consists of: 2 ac electrodes. Stainless 316 L, and between each electrode a glass plate, is tightly armed to inject the enriched air through a very small space between the electrodes (2 millimeters), a MAT (very high voltage) is applied through fly back, at 150,000 volts and frequencies close to 1 kHz.
  • a MAT very high voltage
  • the electrode is finned, it allows to cool these, with pressurized air, avoiding as far as possible the loss by heating;
  • the air supplied is a dry air enriched with oxygen, which discharges from a compressor / enrichment, the volume of dry air required by each module is 3 Ipm (liters per minute), which is injected into the module through PVDF hoses.
  • an ozone destroyer was incorporated, that is, an activated carbon filter, which prevents this gas from escaping into the environment and coming into contact with users;
  • an activated carbon filter which prevents this gas from escaping into the environment and coming into contact with users;
  • the adverse effects on human health from exposure to this gas are well documented in the medical literature.
  • the system object of this invention has conventional commercial use components, which we will not manufacture due to its low cost and easy accessibility, such as electric hydraulic components, valves, ph and ORP sensors and satellite signal; From three fundamental parts of the system and which are the object of our development and research, we focus on the following descriptions for the subject of the embodiments relating to the invention:
  • Titanium plates can be placed horizontally or vertically, and be pure Titanium or coated with precious metals, such as Reuterium oxide.
  • the sizing of the plates can change depending on the commercial measures,
  • the 5 plates of each cell can be electrically connected in different ways, so that it performs or not the self-cleaning function, in specific cases you can increase or decrease the number of cells.
  • the plates can be made of 316 L stainless steel, and their shape can be laminar or tubular, in the same way you can use the electric arc method (inductive method) or glass plates (capacitive method), Cabinets can change shape or size.
  • the high voltage module can be made based on an exposed or encapsulated transformer.
  • the electronic circuits can be partially or fully automated, with microcontrollers or with transistors or manual switches, the welding of the circuits can be soldering iron or crucible, and the PCB can be constructed of bakelite or fiberglass.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a disinfection system characterised in that it is highly efficient, generating chlorine and ozone in situ, which kill bacteria, viruses and other pathogenic organisms in swimming pool water, thereby preventing the growth of algae and fungi. The system dispenses with the need for the production, transport, storage and handling of chemicals and, as such, is considered to be an environmentally friendly treatment. The system is fully automated and is monitored remotely, thereby facilitating operation and minimising potential human errors that can occur with manual dosing. The system is safe and avoids the risks associated with the handling of chemical products which can be dangerous without adequate supervision. The system can be implemented in order to comply with Mexican national standard PROY-NOM-000-SSA1-2005 and international standards. For the most part, the system is manufactured in Mexico using components produced nationally.

Description

SISTEMA INTEGRAL DE DESINFECCION PARA EL AGUA DE  INTEGRAL DISINFECTION SYSTEM FOR WATER
PISCINAS  SWIMMING POOLS
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema de desinfección integral para el agua de piscinas, la invención también relaciona al aparato y al método para sanitizar el agua; también relaciona a los aparatos y al método; está basado en la generación de cloro in situ por electrólisis salina y ozono por arco voltaico, con esta acción combinada se logra una eficiente desinfección, sin la aplicación de productos químicos sanitizantes, este tratamiento es de los denominados ecológicos, es realizado a fin de obtener numerosas y notables ventajas respecto a otros sistemas existentes análogas finalidades y con los resultados obtenidos se cumple con las Normas nacionales e internacionales, incluida la PROY-NOM-000-SSA1 -2005 (México). ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to an integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, the invention also relates to the apparatus and the method for sanitizing the water; it also relates to the devices and the method; It is based on the generation of chlorine in situ by saline electrolysis and ozone by voltaic arc, with this combined action an efficient disinfection is achieved, without the application of sanitizing chemicals, this treatment is called ecological, it is carried out in order to obtain numerous and notable advantages over other existing systems similar purposes and with the results obtained meets national and international standards, including PROY-NOM-000-SSA1 -2005 (Mexico). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Comercialmente no existe un sistema similar al propuesto, el cual constituye un sistema integral de tratamiento; es realizado a fin de obtener numerosas y notables ventajas respecto a otros sistemas existentes análogas finalidades; de la función de algunos de sus componentes existen algunas versiones en el mercado, concretamente de los generadores de cloro y ozono. Commercially there is no system similar to the one proposed, which constitutes an integral treatment system; it is carried out in order to obtain numerous and notable advantages over other similar systems existing purposes; There are some versions on the market of the function of some of its components, specifically chlorine and ozone generators.
Se conocen equipos de generación de cloro por electrólisis salina, basados en celdas de titanio; nuestra investigación se enfocó en el estudio metalúrgico de los recubrimientos compatibles (basado en metales preciosos), así como en el diseño electrónico, a fin de conferirles propiedades auto limpiantes y de una duración comercial cercana a las 30,000 hrs. Chlorine generation equipment by saline electrolysis, based on titanium cells; Our research focused on the metallurgical study of compatible coatings (based on precious metals), as well as on electronic design, in order to give them self-cleaning properties and a commercial duration close to 30,000 hrs.
También se conocen equipos para generar ozono; también basados en la generación de una alta tensión eléctrica MAT (muy alto voltaje); en nuestro modelo, en el diseño de los electrodos empleamos materiales que nos permiten que sea más eficiente la generación de ozono, al minimizar las pérdidas por calor y operar a un menor amperaje, lo cual redunda en un menor costo operativo. Equipment for generating ozone is also known; also based on the generation of a high electrical voltage MAT (very high voltage); In our model, in the design of the electrodes we use materials that allow us Ozone generation is more efficient, minimizing heat losses and operating at lower amperage, which results in lower operating costs.
La acción sinergista del ozono y del cloro, elimina los microorganismos patógenos del agua de las piscina (bacterias y virus), manteniendo las paredes libres de crecimiento de algas y hongos, la piscina se convierte en una ligera salmuera (de 3 a 4 gr. de sal por lt.), que le confiere al agua una natural desinfección adicional, esta salinidad es menor a la de las lagrimas. The synergistic action of ozone and chlorine, eliminates pathogenic microorganisms from the pool water (bacteria and viruses), keeping the walls free of algae and fungus growth, the pool becomes a light brine (3 to 4 gr. of salt per lt.), which gives the water an additional natural disinfection, this salinity is less than that of tears.
Con este sistema se logra un eficiente resultado con muy baja concentración de cloro y ozono en el agua de piscina, y por su aplicación continua y concentrada en las líneas de alimentación, no genera cloraminas. Con este tratamiento el agua de la piscina presenta un aspecto superior de cristalinidad al de los tratamientos convencionales. With this system an efficient result is achieved with very low concentration of chlorine and ozone in the pool water, and because of its continuous and concentrated application in the feeding lines, it does not generate chloramines. With this treatment, the pool water has a superior crystallinity aspect than conventional treatments.
El sistema tiene un control de proceso en automático, en la línea de agua se tiene un sensor de ORP Y PH, que envían señal al controlador del generador, el monitoreo se realiza localmente y remoto, a través de señal satelital; este sistema de desinfección tiene un compacto diseño amigable con el usuario; y los dispositivos eléctricos cumplen con los más estrictos estándares de seguridad. The system has an automatic process control, in the water line there is an ORP and PH sensor, which send signal to the generator controller, monitoring is done locally and remotely, via satellite signal; This disinfection system has a compact user-friendly design; and electrical devices meet the strictest safety standards.
Con todo esto, el sistema de desinfección objeto de esta patente, se constituye como la mejor y más eficiente manera de sanitizar el agua de piscinas; su total automatismo y monitoreo remoto facilitan la operación y la supervisión, todos los componentes son nacionales, de fácil reemplazo y bajo costo, con un reducido mantenimiento durante su vida útil. With all this, the disinfection system object of this patent is constituted as the best and most efficient way to sanitize pool water; Its total automation and remote monitoring facilitate operation and supervision, all components are national, easy replacement and low cost, with reduced maintenance during its useful life.
El tratamiento desinfectante mayormente empleado para piscinas es el cloro; el de uso más común en éstas es el estabilizado con ácido cianúrico, denominado tricloroisocianúrico, si bien este tratamiento es eficiente y a buen costo, presenta la siguiente problemática: los limites de ácido cianúrico están en constante revisión, así la OMS marca un límite menor a 100 partes por millón, algunas normatividades europeas lo acotan entre 30 y 50 partes por millón. The disinfectant treatment mostly used for swimming pools is chlorine; the most common use in these is the stabilized with cyanuric acid, called trichloroisocyanuric, although this treatment is efficient and at a good cost, it presents the following problem: the limits of cyanuric acid are constantly being reviewed, so the WHO marks a lower limit to 100 parts per million, some European regulations limit it between 30 and 50 parts per million.
En México la PROY-NOM-000-SSA1-2005, publicada por la Secretaría de Salud, establece un rango de 30 a 50 ppm para albercas sin techo y para piscinas con techo es de 0 ppm. Esta norma está sujeta a revisión y los nuevos valores propuestos son 0 para albercas techadas y menor de 20 ppm para albercas sin techo; evidentemente esto limita mucho el empleo de este cloro estabilizado. In Mexico, PROY-NOM-000-SSA1-2005, published by the Ministry of Health, establishes a range of 30 to 50 ppm for roofless pools and for swimming pools with ceiling is 0 ppm. This standard is subject to revision and the proposed new values are 0 for roofed pools and less than 20 ppm for roofless pools; Obviously this greatly limits the use of this stabilized chlorine.
La otra alternativa para sanitizar con cloro lo constituyen el hipoclorito de calcio y el hipoclorito de sodio, la problemática de estos cloros no estabilizados, lo constituye el hecho de su poco permanencia en la piscina debido a la acción de los rayos solares. Una problemática común a estos productos químicos lo constituyen el transporte el almacenamiento y el manejo que puede tornarse peligroso sin una adecuada supervisión y de mano de obra especializada. Los tratamientos químicos convencionales emplean productos químicos, con la problemática que constituye el transporte, el almacenamiento y el manejo que puede tornarse peligroso sin una adecuada supervisión y de mano de obra especializada. Como alternativa, a la aplicación de productos químicos se puede utilizar el Sistema de desinfección propuesto en este documento. BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS The other alternative to sanitize with chlorine is calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite, the problem of these non-stabilized chlorines, is the fact of their little permanence in the pool due to the action of the sun's rays. A common problem with these chemicals is transport, storage and handling that can become dangerous without adequate supervision and specialized labor. Conventional chemical treatments employ chemical products, with the problem of transport, storage and handling that can become dangerous without adequate supervision and specialized labor. As an alternative, the disinfection system proposed in this document can be used for the application of chemical products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La figura 1 muestra el Diagrama general, en donde se muestran el Sistema de filtración de una piscina, para una mejor comprensión del sistema, se incluye en el diagrama un sistema típico de filtración de una piscina, compuesto por la bomba, el filtro, las válvulas y las tuberías de aspiración y de retorno a las piscinas. La figura 2 muestra el Diagrama de la Celda de electrólisis, en donde Se describen los componentes principales de la celda, cuya función es generar una solución clorada, a partir de una solución salina. Figure 1 shows the General Diagram, where the filtration system of a pool is shown, for a better understanding of the system, a typical filtration system of a pool is included in the diagram, consisting of the pump, the filter, valves and suction and return pipes to the pools. Figure 2 shows the Electrolysis Cell Diagram, which describes the main components of the cell, whose function is to generate a chlorinated solution, from a saline solution.
La figura 3 muestra el Diagrama Generador de Ozono, donde se señalan los componentes básicos del generador de ozono. La figura 4 muestra el Diagrama electrónico del generador de cloro por electrólisis salina, en donde se Muestra un circuito electrónico de las celdas de titanio para la generación de cloro. La figura 5 muestra el Diagrama electrónico del generador de ozono, en donde este diagrama muestra un circuito electrónico que emite una oscilación calculada a través de un circuito capacitivo-resistivo para generar los pulsos que al llegar al transformador, se convierten en pulsos de alta tensión, en donde al haber corriente se enciende el enriquecedor de oxígeno y emite una señal a través de un foco. Figure 3 shows the Ozone Generator Diagram, where the basic components of the ozone generator are indicated. Figure 4 shows the electronic diagram of the chlorine generator by saline electrolysis, where an electronic circuit of the titanium cells for the generation of chlorine is shown. Figure 5 shows the electronic diagram of the ozone generator, where this diagram shows an electronic circuit that emits a calculated oscillation through a capacitive-resistive circuit to generate the pulses that when they reach the transformer, become high voltage pulses , where the oxygen enrichment is turned on and a signal is emitted through a light bulb.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención; el sistema integral de desinfección podemos describirla en 3 aspectos básicos. 1. Descripción del sistema general figura 1 . The invention; The integral disinfection system can be described in 3 basic aspects. 1. Description of the general system figure 1.
2. La generación de cloro por electrólisis salina se ilustra en las figura 2 y su diagrama electrónico en la figura 4.  2. The generation of chlorine by saline electrolysis is illustrated in Figure 2 and its electronic diagram in Figure 4.
3. La generación de ozono mediante muy alta tensión, se ilustra en la figura 3 y su diagrama electrónico en la figura 5.  3. The generation of ozone by very high voltage is illustrated in Figure 3 and its electronic diagram in Figure 5.
La figura 1 muestra el Diagrama general, en donde se muestran el Sistema de filtración de una piscina, Para una mejor comprensión del sistema, se incluye en el diagrama un sistema típico de filtración de una piscina, compuesto por la bomba, el filtro, las válvulas y las tuberías de aspiración y de retorno a las piscinas, el Generador salino de cloro (1), en donde una derivación del agua de piscina filtrada y con sal, alimenta la celda de electrólisis, que genera una solución clorada, la Celda de electrólisis (2), que genera cloro a partir de la solución salina, la Inyección de la salmuera (3), aprovechando el propio sistema de filtración de la piscina (retorno de agua filtrada a la piscina), la Válvula de presión (4), que actuaría como derivación en caso de obstrucción de la celda, el Venturi de Inyección de cloro (5) a la tubería de retorno a la piscina, la Válvula desgasificado ra (6), para evitar acumulación de gases en la celda, el Sensor de flujo de la celda (7), conectado al tablero de control del generador salino, que manda paro del sistema en caso de no detectar flujo, la Alimentación de agua a los sensores de cloro y ph (8), los Medidores de Ph y ORP (9); Sensor de cloro en base a ORP, conectado al tablero de control, manda paro del sistema de electrólisis si se excede el valor predeterminado. Sensor de PH, para medición y control del ph del sistema, se conecta a una bomba dosificadora auxiliar, que aspira de tanque contenedor del modificador de ph, esto se controla desde el tablero de control, el Tablero de control del generador salino (10), con las siguientes funciones: medición y control de ORP y PH, Alimentación eléctrica de la celda de electrólisis, voltaje y amperaje regulado, Salida de señal satelital, con los valores de ORP y PH, la Antena Satelital (1 1), el Tablero de alimentación eléctrica (12), el Enriquecedor de Oxigeno (13), del generador de ozono, que incluye filtro secador de del aire, el Generador de Ozono (14), el Medidor de Voltaje y amperaje (15), la Tubería plástica de la inyección de Ozono (16), el Venturi de inyección del Ozono (17), la Válvula de flujo principal (18), por donde circula el agua a través del venturi realizando un vacio para la inyección del ozono, la Bomba auxiliar del sistema de ozono (19), por donde circula el agua a través del venturi, al tanque de contacto, el Destrüctor de Ozono (20), el filtro de carbón activado colocado arriba del tanque de contacto, el Tanque de contacto de acero inoxidable (21), el Venturi de inyección de agua (22) con ozono a la tubería de retorno a la piscina, la Bomba dosificadora (23) de Modificador de PH (opcional), el Deposito contenedor (24) del modificador de PH, una "T" de inyección (25) de modificador de ph, la Tubería (26) de retorno principal a la piscina. La figura 2 muestra el Diagrama de la Celda de electrólisis, en donde Se describen los componentes principales de la celda, cuya función es generar una solución clorada, a partir de una solución salina, por lo que se enumeran de la siguiente manera: Figure 1 shows the General Diagram, where the filtration system of a swimming pool is shown. For a better understanding of the system, a typical filtration system of a swimming pool is included in the diagram, composed of the pump, the filter, the valves and the suction and return pipes to the pools, the chlorine salt generator (1), where a derivation of the filtered and salt pool water, feeds the electrolysis cell, which generates a chlorinated solution, the Cell of electrolysis (2), which generates chlorine from the saline solution, Brine Injection (3), taking advantage of the pool's own filtration system (return of filtered water to the pool), the Pressure Valve (4) , which would act as a shunt in case of blockage of the cell, the Chlorine Injection Venturi (5) to the return pipe to the pool, the Degassed Valve ra (6), to avoid gas accumulation in the cell, the Sensor cell flow (7), connected to the control panel of the salt generator, which commands system shutdown in case of not detecting flow, the water supply to the chlorine and ph sensors (8), the Ph and ORP meters (9); Chlorine sensor based on ORP, connected to the control panel, commands stop of the electrolysis system if the value is exceeded predetermined. PH sensor, for measurement and control of the system ph, is connected to an auxiliary dosing pump, which sucks from the ph modifier container tank, this is controlled from the control panel, the Saline generator control board (10) , with the following functions: ORP and PH measurement and control, Electrolysis cell power supply, regulated voltage and amperage, Satellite signal output, with ORP and PH values, Satellite Antenna (1 1), Dashboard Power supply (12), Oxygen Enrichment (13), ozone generator, which includes air dryer filter, Ozone Generator (14), Voltage and Amperage Meter (15), Plastic Pipe Ozone injection (16), Ozone injection Venturi (17), Main flow valve (18), where water circulates through the venturi making a vacuum for ozone injection, System auxiliary pump ozone (19), where the water flows through avés of the venturi, to the contact tank, the Ozone Destroyer (20), the activated carbon filter placed above the contact tank, the stainless steel contact tank (21), the water injection Venturi (22) with ozone to the return pipe to the pool, the PH Modifier metering pump (23) (optional), the PH tank modifier container (24), an injection modifier "T" (25), the ph Pipe (26) main return to the pool. Figure 2 shows the Electrolysis Cell Diagram, where the main components of the cell are described, whose function is to generate a chlorinated solution, from a saline solution, so they are listed as follows:
(1) Tablero de control. Con indicación ORP, voltaje, amperaje y sensor de flujo. (1) Control board. With ORP indication, voltage, amperage and flow sensor.
(2) Placas de Titanio (5 placas por celda) de las dimensiones indicadas.  (2) Titanium plates (5 plates per cell) of the indicated dimensions.
(3) Conexiones eléctricas, alimentación de voltaje y amperaje regulado a las celdas de Titanio.  (3) Electrical connections, voltage supply and regulated amperage to Titanium cells.
(4) Entrada de salmuera, (5 mg de sal por It de agua).  (4) Brine inlet, (5 mg of salt per It of water).
(5) Salida de solución de cloro, formada por la electrólisis en la celda.  (5) Chlorine solution outlet, formed by electrolysis in the cell.
Tubería de pvc ced 80 2". (6) Desgasificador, para evitar la acumulación de gases. Pvc pipe ced 80 2 ". (6) Degasifier, to prevent the accumulation of gases.
(7) Gabinete plástico, contenedor de la celda.  (7) Plastic cabinet, cell container.
(8) Sensor de flujo. Manda paro del sistema en caso de detectar la ausencia de flujo.  (8) Flow sensor. Command system shutdown in case of detecting the absence of flow.
(9) Alimentación eléctrica.  (9) Power supply.
(10) Conexión eléctrica  (10) Electrical connection
(11) Tubería de pvc ced 80 2"  (11) ced 80 2 "pvc pipe
(12) Material aislante  (12) Insulating material
(13) Salida de solución de cloro La figura 3 muestra el Diagrama Generador de Ozono, donde se señalan los componentes básicos del generador de ozono, que se enumeran de la siguiente manera:  (13) Chlorine solution outlet Figure 3 shows the Ozone Generator Diagram, which indicates the basic components of the ozone generator, which are listed as follows:
(1) Enriquecedor de Oxigeno. Envía aire seco a presión a la celda generadora de ozono. (1) Oxygen Enrichment. Send dry air under pressure to the ozone generating cell.
(2) Tablero de control del generador de ozono.  (2) Ozone generator control board.
(3) Celda de generación de ozono.  (3) Ozone generation cell.
(4) Material plástico aislante de alta presión.  (4) High pressure insulating plastic material.
(5) Entrada de oxigeno enriquecido.  (5) Enriched oxygen input.
(6) Salida de Ozono (03). (6) Ozone output (0 3 ).
(7) Contenedor plástico hermético.  (7) Airtight plastic container.
(8) Manguera plástica.  (8) Plastic hose.
(9) Manguera plástica resistente al ozono.  (9) Ozone resistant plastic hose.
(10) Apagador.  (10) Damper.
(11) Acero inoxidable 3161 espacio 2mm de vidrio.  (11) Stainless steel 3161 space 2mm glass.
(12) Aletas de enfriamiento.  (12) Cooling fins.
La figura 4 muestra el Diagrama electrónico del generador de cloro por electrólisis salina, en donde se muestra un circuito electrónico de las celdas de titanio para la generación de cloro. Figure 4 shows the electronic diagram of the chlorine generator by saline electrolysis, where an electronic circuit of the titanium cells for chlorine generation is shown.
Por el punto (20) ingresa la corriente a 110 ó 220 Voltios después baja a 12 Voltios a través de un transformador de alta potencia (5) y dicha corriente se rectifica a través de una corriente de 12 Voltios con alto amperaje, de manera directa esta corriente alimenta de forma permanente un temporizador variable de dos ciclos (14); En cada uno de los ciclos se encenderán ó apagarán los reveladores (4) y (6) alternando de esta manera la polaridad de las celdas, por lo que se enumeran de la siguiente manera: By point (20) the current is entered at 110 or 220 Volts, then it drops to 12 Volts through a high power transformer (5) and said current is rectified to through a current of 12 Volts with high amperage, this current directly feeds a variable two-cycle timer (14) permanently; In each of the cycles, the developers (4) and (6) will turn on or off, alternating in this way the polarity of the cells, so they are listed as follows:
(1) LED VD (1) VD LED
(2) 1.2 K OHM  (2) 1.2 K OHM
(3) DIODO IN4001  (3) DIODE IN4001
(4) RE2  (4) RE2
(5) 9V 25A  (5) 9V 25A
(6) RE1  (6) RE1
(7) 1.2 K OHM  (7) 1.2 K OHM
(8) LED VD  (8) VD LED
(9) LED VD  (9) VD LED
(10) 1.2 K OHM  (10) 1.2 K OHM
(11 ) BC548C  (11) BC548C
(12) 1.8 K OHM  (12) 1.8 K OHM
(13) R1  (13) R1
(14) Circuito de temp, base, ne555, 8 horas  (14) Temp circuit, base, ne555, 8 hours
(15) Bomba alterna de emergencia ph  (15) Ph alternate emergency pump
(16) 12v  (16) 12v
(17) Bomba químico  (17) Chemical pump
(18) Bomba alterna de emergencia orp  (18) Emergency orp emergency pump
(19) Corte corriente  (19) Current cut
(20) 110/220 60Hz 50Hz  (20) 110/220 60Hz 50Hz
La figura 5 muestra el Diagrama electrónico del generador de ozono, en donde este diagrama muestra un circuito electrónico que emite una oscilación calculada a través de un circuito capacitivo-resistivo para generar los pulsos que al llegar al transformador, se convierten en pulsos de alta tensión; Al haber corriente se enciende el enriquecedor de oxígeno y emite una señal a través de un foco. La corriente entra (1 ), prendiendo así el enriquecedor de aire (1 1 ), y el indicador luminoso (2) cuyo voltaje se disminuye a través de una resistencia (3); La corriente se rectifica a través de diodos (4), los condensadores (7) terminan la rectificación y sirven de disparo para el SCR (12) a través de la resistencia (5) y (6) dicho disparo es amplificado por el embobinado primario del transformador (9) obteniendo así una salida MAT (Muy alta tensión) por el secundario del transformador (10), por lo que se enumeran de la siguiente manera: Figure 5 shows the electronic diagram of the ozone generator, where this diagram shows an electronic circuit that emits a calculated oscillation through a capacitive-resistive circuit to generate the pulses that when they reach the transformer, become high voltage pulses ; When there is a current, the oxygen enrichment is turned on and emits a signal through a light bulb. The current enters (1), thus turning on the air enrichment (1 1), and the indicator light (2) whose voltage is decreased through a resistor (3); The current is rectified through diodes (4), the capacitors (7) finish the rectification and serve as a trigger for the SCR (12) through the resistor (5) and (6) said trip is amplified by the primary winding of the transformer (9) thus obtaining a MAT (Very high voltage) output from the secondary of the transformer (10), so they are listed as follows:
(1 ) Entrada de corriente alterna (1) AC input
(2) Indicador encendido  (2) Indicator on
(3) Resistencia 10k 2 watts  (3) 10k 2 watt resistor
(4) Diodo in4007  (4) Diode in4007
(5) Resistencia 33k 1w  (5) 33k 1w resistor
(6) Resistencia 82 ohm 1/4w  (6) 82 ohm 1 / 4w resistor
(7) 225k 250 v capacitor  (7) 225k 250v capacitor
(8) Transferencia alta ganancia  (8) High gain transfer
(9) Primario de transformador  (9) Transformer Primary
(10) Secundario de transformador  (10) Transformer secondary
(1 1 ) salida carga (enriquecedor de 02) (1 1) load output (0 2 enrichment)
(12) ser (controlador rectificado de silicio) Descripción del sistema total (Diagrama general):  (12) be (rectified silicon controller) Total system description (General diagram):
Nuestro sistema de desinfección integral para el agua de piscinas, se instala en el sistema de filtración propio de las piscinas convencionales, con la condicionante de convertir el agua de piscina en una ligera salmuera, esto se logra adicionando al cuerpo de agua 5 gr. de cloro por litro. El cloro y el ozono generado, se inyectan en la línea de retorno de agua ya filtrada. Así mismo instalaran en la línea de retorno, un sensor de ORP, este monitoreo retroalimentara el sistema de control, quien enviara paro del sistema en caso de exceder el valor preestablecido. Complementa el sistema un medidor de ph y un controlador, quien enviara señal a una bomba dosificadora de un modificador de ph, con la finalidad de mantener este parámetro dentro del rango normado. Estas mediciones son enviadas por el controlador, vía satelital a una página web, con los valores en tiempo real, alarmas y gráficas que contribuyen a una fácil y eficiente operación. Our integral disinfection system for pool water is installed in the filtration system typical of conventional pools, with the condition of converting pool water into a light brine, this is achieved by adding 5 gr to the body of water. of chlorine per liter. The chlorine and ozone generated are injected into the return line of already filtered water. Likewise, an ORP sensor will be installed on the return line, this monitoring will provide feedback to the control system, which will send system shutdown in case of exceeding the preset value. The system complements a ph meter and a controller, which will send a signal to a dosing pump of a ph modifier, in order to keep this parameter within the regulated range. These measurements are sent by the controller, via satellite to a web page, with real-time values, alarms and graphics that contribute to an easy and efficient operation.
Con este sistema automático, se evitan los riesgos implicados en la dosificación manual, que requiere mano de obra y supervisión especializada. Breve descripción de los componentes: With this automatic system, the risks involved in manual dosing, which requires skilled labor and supervision, are avoided. Brief description of the components:
El funcionamiento del generador salino es el siguiente: Una derivación del flujo de agua de retorno a la piscina (agua con una salinidad de 5 gr. de sal), alimenta la celda de electrólisis, la solución de cloro generada en la celda se inyecta a través de un venturi a la línea de retorno a la piscina; completan el sistema de generación de cloro una válvula de presión que deriva el flujo en caso de obstrucción de la celda por ensuciamiento, dispone la celda de una válvula desgasificadora que elimina los gases acumulados, un sensor de flujo, envía señal al tablero de control, mismo que manda paro del sistema en caso de no detectar flujo a través de la celda de generación salina. El tablero de control del generador de cloro, cuenta con medición de voltaje, amperaje, ORP (medición indirecta del cloro) y PH, así como los indicadores de encendido y flujo de la celda. The operation of the salt generator is as follows: A derivation of the flow of water back to the pool (water with a salinity of 5 gr. Of salt), feeds the electrolysis cell, the chlorine solution generated in the cell is injected into through a venturi to the return line to the pool; The chlorine generation system completes a pressure valve that derives the flow in case of obstruction of the cell by fouling, disposes the cell of a degassing valve that eliminates the accumulated gases, a flow sensor, sends signal to the control board, same that commands system shutdown in case of not detecting flow through the salt generation cell. The control panel of the chlorine generator has voltage, amperage, ORP (indirect chlorine measurement) and PH measurement, as well as the power and flow indicators of the cell.
Los sensores de cloro y PH, se alimentan de una derivación del agua de retorno de piscina, y se conectan electrónicamente al tablero de control, y manda paro del sistema si se excede el punto de ajuste. The chlorine and PH sensors, feed from a bypass of the pool return water, and connect electronically to the control board, and command system shutdown if the setpoint is exceeded.
El tablero de control, se alimenta del tablero de alimentación eléctrica, cuya función es distribuir las cargas e interrumpir en caso de emergencia a base de interruptores termoeléctricos. The control panel is powered by the power supply board, whose function is to distribute the loads and interrupt in case of emergency based on thermoelectric switches.
El sistema cuenta con un Generador de Ozono, alimentado por un controlador electrónico, que genera el MAT (muy alta tensión), el controlador electrónico se alimenta eléctricamente del tablero eléctrico. The system has an Ozone Generator, powered by an electronic controller, which generates the MAT (very high voltage), the electronic controller is electrically powered from the electrical board.
El enriquecedor de Oxigeno, tiene una compresora y un filtro, alimenta oxigeno enriquecido (02) al generador de ozono, donde por un muy alto voltaje, se genera Ozono (O3); este ozono se inyecta a la tubería de arrastre a través de una manguera y un venturi, el flujo de arrastre es generado con una bomba auxiliar, a través de la válvula de alimentación al tanque de contacto, el agua llega al tanque a través de microburbujeo; esta solución de agua y ozono, se inyecta a la línea de retorno, a través de un venturi. El tanque lleva integrado en la parte superior un destructor de Ozono (filtro de carbón activado), para evitar fuga de ozono al ambiente. The oxygen enricher, has a compressor and a filter, feeds enriched oxygen (0 2 ) to the ozone generator, where by a very high voltage, Ozone (O3) is generated; this ozone is injected into the drag pipe through a hose and a venturi, the drag flow is generated with an auxiliary pump, through the feed valve to the contact tank, the water reaches the tank through microbubbling; This solution of water and ozone is injected into the return line, through a venturi. The tank has an Ozone destroyer (activated carbon filter) integrated to the top, to prevent ozone leakage into the environment.
Se ilustra un dispositivo opcional a este sistema, para la aplicación de un modificador de ph con una bomba dosificadora, que se alimenta de un deposito contenedor, esta bomba dosifica a la tubería de retorno a la piscina a través de una "T" de inyección. An optional device to this system is illustrated, for the application of a ph modifier with a metering pump, which is fed from a container tank, this pump doses to the return pipe to the pool through an injection "T" .
En el sistema se implementa una señal satelital, para el control y monitoreo remoto, del valor de ORP (medición indirecta del cloro y Ozono) y del PH, ambos valores Normados en la Norma oficial Mexicana (PROY-NOM-000-SSA1-2005). In the system a satellite signal is implemented, for remote control and monitoring, of the ORP value (indirect measurement of chlorine and ozone) and of the PH, both values Regulated in the Official Mexican Standard (PROY-NOM-000-SSA1-2005 ).
Descripción de la generación de cloro por electrólisis salina: La cual se realiza en una celda de electrólisis, constituida por placas de Titanio, recubiertas con metales preciosos, Oro, Platino y Ruterio. La calidad de los electrodos, (componentes y modalidades de alimentación eléctrica), es determinante en la producción de cloro y en la duración del sistema. Description of the generation of chlorine by saline electrolysis: Which is carried out in an electrolysis cell, consisting of plates of Titanium, coated with precious metals, Gold, Platinum and Ruterium. The quality of the electrodes, (components and modes of power supply), is decisive in the production of chlorine and in the duration of the system.
Nuestra invención se desarrollo experimentando con distintos tipos de recubrimientos y variando la alimentación eléctrica, incorporamos un diseño de celda que nos permite eliminar con facilidad y de manera total, los gases que se acumulan, esto minimiza la posibilidad de una explosión, dando por resultado una eficiente y segura generación de cloro. Our invention was developed by experimenting with different types of coatings and varying the power supply, we incorporate a cell design that allows us to easily and totally eliminate the gases that accumulate, this minimizes the possibility of an explosion, resulting in a Efficient and safe chlorine generation.
El recubrimiento mencionado le confiere propiedades auto limpiantes a los electrodos, al poder cambiar la polaridad del voltaje que suministramos a las celdas, intercambiando la función de ánodo y cátodo; las celdas que diseñamos se estima tengan una duración de 30,000 hrs.; aun así incorporamos al diseño un sistema de limpieza química con una solución quelante. Hacemos circular agua ligeramente salada (de 3 a 5 gramos de sal por litro de agua), entre los electrodos de Titanio, aplicando una débil corriente eléctrica; un voltaje de 12 a 18 volts rectificado, con una polaridad constante durante un periodo de tiempo; la demanda de amperaje es de hasta un máximo de 30 amperios. El cloro producido por el generador salino, en la celda de electrólisis, depende de la combinación de voltaje y amperaje que pasa por la celda. Hemos elaborado una celda tipo, capaz de producir 1.0 kg., de cloro gas/día, nuestro sistema de ensamble facilita el montaje en paralelo de la cantidad de celdas que cada sistema requiere; esta demanda de cloro es calculada para cada usuario por un software que obtiene su información de un grupo de sensores. The mentioned coating gives the electrodes self-cleaning properties, since the polarity of the voltage we supply to the cells can be changed, exchanging the anode and cathode function; The cells we design are estimated to last 30,000 hours; Even so, we incorporate a chemical cleaning system with a chelating solution into the design. We circulate slightly salty water (3 to 5 grams of salt per liter of water), between the Titanium electrodes, applying a weak electric current; a voltage of 12 to 18 volts rectified, with a constant polarity over a period of time; The amperage demand is up to a maximum of 30 amps. The chlorine produced by the salt generator, in the electrolysis cell, depends on the combination of voltage and amperage that passes through the cell. We have developed a type cell, capable of producing 1.0 kg., Of chlorine gas / day, our assembly system facilitates the parallel assembly of the amount of cells that each system requires; This demand for chlorine is calculated for each user by software that obtains its information from a group of sensors.
La producción de cloro gaseoso que se obtiene, se combina con el agua como ácido hipocloroso HCIO (una especie muy activa de cloro), este cloro activo se elimina bajo los efectos de los rayos UV del sol y es renovado constantemente en la celda de electrólisis, por la supercloracion local que se da en cada celda, se evita la formación de cloraminas y otros compuestos clorados. The production of chlorine gas that is obtained, is combined with water as hypochlorous acid HCIO (a very active species of chlorine), this active chlorine is eliminated under the effects of the sun's UV rays and is constantly renewed in the electrolysis cell , because of the local superchlorination that occurs in each cell, the formation of chloramines and other chlorinated compounds is avoided.
Reacciones: Reactions:
 ►
NaCI + 2H20 corriente directa continua HCIO + NaOH + H2 en electrodos de titanio NaCI + 2H 2 0 direct direct current HCIO + NaOH + H 2 in titanium electrodes
Esta reacción es reversible bajo la acción de los rayos uv del sol. En la célula del dorador salino se producen varias reacciones químicas secundarias, en el ánodo (+) se produce oxígeno y pequeñas cantidades de ozono, mientras que en el cátodo (-) se produce hidrógeno; es por esto que en la celda se debe instalar un sistema desgasificador a fin de evitar la acumulación de estos gases. Otros factores que afectan la generación de cloro son: La concentración de salinidad en el agua; la temperatura del agua y por último el pH (potencial Hidrógeno) del sistema. En nuestro diseño un medidor de salinidad nos indica cuando la salinidad baja, por la reposición de agua que se pierde por retro lavados de filtro, haciéndose necesario la adición de sal al sistema. La generación de Ozono mediante muy alta tensión (MAT), muestra un generador de ozono, que es capaz de producir ozono-una molécula triatómica (contiene tres átomos de oxígeno) artificialmente, mediante la generación de una MAT (muy alta tensión) eléctrica que produce ozono, y, colateralmente, iones negativos, integramos un concentrador de oxigeno a fin de hacer más eficiente esta reacción. This reaction is reversible under the action of the sun's UV rays. Several secondary chemical reactions occur in the saline girdle cell, in the anode (+) oxygen and small amounts of ozone are produced, while in the cathode (-) hydrogen is produced; This is why a degassing system must be installed in the cell to avoid the accumulation of these gases. Other factors that affect the generation of chlorine are: The concentration of salinity in the water; the water temperature and finally the pH (hydrogen potential) of the system. In our design, a salinity meter indicates when the salinity drops, due to the replacement of water that is lost due to retro filter washes, making it necessary to add salt to the system. The generation of Ozone through very high voltage (MAT), shows an ozone generator, which is capable of producing ozone-a triatomic molecule (containing three oxygen atoms) artificially, by generating an electric MAT (very high voltage) that It produces ozone, and, collaterally, negative ions, we integrate an oxygen concentrator in order to make this reaction more efficient.
El ozono no puede ser almacenado ni transportado -es mucho menos estable que el oxígeno diatómico- como otros gases industriales. El motivo es que rápidamente se reconvierte en oxígeno, y por ello debe ser producido en el lugar donde será empleado. El generador objeto de la invención, genera ozono a frecuencias de 1 kHz, y con voltajes que oscilan entre 20 kV y 150 kv. Ozone cannot be stored or transported - it is much less stable than diatomic oxygen - like other industrial gases. The reason is that it quickly converts into oxygen, and therefore must be produced in the place where it will be used. The generator object of the invention generates ozone at frequencies of 1 kHz, and with voltages ranging between 20 kV and 150 kv.
El factor dominante que origina la generación de ozono, es la temperatura del gas vector que es controlada por el aire de enfriamiento; cuanto más frío es el aire, mejor es la síntesis del ozono; la mayor parte de la energía se disipa en calor, que debe neutralizarse por un muy eficiente flujo de aire, el sistema de aire enriquecido, incorporado al sistema cumple con esta función. The dominant factor that causes ozone generation is the temperature of the vector gas that is controlled by the cooling air; the colder the air, the better the synthesis of ozone; Most of the energy is dissipated in heat, which must be neutralized by a very efficient air flow, the enriched air system incorporated into the system fulfills this function.
Debido a su alta reactividad, gran parte de la investigación para llevar a cabo esta invención consistió en la selección de materiales; el material que seleccionamos para los electrodos fue el acero inoxidable 316L, así como el aluminio, y vidrio entre los electrodos, el cuerpo contenedor y mangueras de conducción fue de PVDF y EPDM, las tuberías que seleccionamos fueron de PVC cédula 80. Due to its high reactivity, much of the research to carry out this invention consisted in the selection of materials; The material that we selected for the electrodes was 316L stainless steel, as well as aluminum, and glass between the electrodes, the container body and conduction hoses were PVDF and EPDM, the pipes we selected were made of PVC ID 80.
Desarrollamos un módulo de generación de ozono típico, capaz de producir 100 gramos de ozono por día, podemos montar módulos en paralelo, con una sola inyección a la línea de agua auxiliar a través de un dispositivo, que produce micro burbujas, a fin de incorporar eficientemente el ozono al agua; esta línea auxiliar descarga el ozono en el retorno a la piscina según el diagrama. We develop a typical ozone generation module, capable of producing 100 grams of ozone per day, we can mount modules in parallel, with a single injection to the auxiliary water line through a device, which produces micro bubbles, in order to incorporate efficiently ozone to water; This auxiliary line discharges the ozone on the return to the pool according to the diagram.
Cada modulo de generación se compone de: 2 electrodos de ac. Inoxidable 316 L, y entre cada electrodo una placa de vidrio, se arma herméticamente para inyectar el aire enriquecido a través de un muy pequeño espacio entre los electrodos (2 milímetros), se aplica un MAT (muy alto voltaje) a través de fly back, a 150,000 volts y frecuencias cercanas a 1 khz. Each generation module consists of: 2 ac electrodes. Stainless 316 L, and between each electrode a glass plate, is tightly armed to inject the enriched air through a very small space between the electrodes (2 millimeters), a MAT (very high voltage) is applied through fly back, at 150,000 volts and frequencies close to 1 kHz.
Para el diseño de esta invención el electrodo es aleteado, permite enfriar estos, con aire a presión, evitando en la medida de lo posible la pérdida por calentamiento; el aire suministrado es un aire seco enriquecido con oxigeno, que descarga de un compresor/enriquecedor, el volumen de aire seco que requiere cada modulo es de 3 Ipm (litros por minuto), que se inyecta al modulo a través de mangueras de PVDF. For the design of this invention the electrode is finned, it allows to cool these, with pressurized air, avoiding as far as possible the loss by heating; The air supplied is a dry air enriched with oxygen, which discharges from a compressor / enrichment, the volume of dry air required by each module is 3 Ipm (liters per minute), which is injected into the module through PVDF hoses.
Dado la extrema reactividad del gas en el diseño de esta invención se incorporó un destructor de de ozono, esto es, un filtro de carbón activado, que impida que este gas, fugue al ambiente y entre en contacto con los usuarios; está bien documentada en la bibliografía médica los adversos efectos a la salud humana por la exposición a este gas. Given the extreme reactivity of the gas in the design of this invention, an ozone destroyer was incorporated, that is, an activated carbon filter, which prevents this gas from escaping into the environment and coming into contact with users; The adverse effects on human health from exposure to this gas are well documented in the medical literature.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN El sistema objeto de esta invención, cuenta con componentes de uso comercial convencional, mismos que no fabricaremos por su bajo costo y fácil accesibilidad, como son los componentes hidráulicos eléctricos, válvulas, sensores ph y ORP y señal satelital; de tres partes fundamentales del sistema y que son el objeto de nuestro desarrollo e investigación, nos enfocamos en las siguientes descripciones para el tema de las realizaciones referentes a la invención: PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The system object of this invention has conventional commercial use components, which we will not manufacture due to its low cost and easy accessibility, such as electric hydraulic components, valves, ph and ORP sensors and satellite signal; From three fundamental parts of the system and which are the object of our development and research, we focus on the following descriptions for the subject of the embodiments relating to the invention:
Celdas de electrólisis. Las placas de Titanio se pueden colocar horizontal o verticalmente, y ser de Titanio puro o bien recubiertos con metales preciosos, tal como el oxido de Reuterio. El dimensionamiento de las placas, puede cambiar dependiendo de las medidas comerciales, Las 5 placas de cada celda, podrán ser conectadas eléctricamente de distintas maneras, para que realice o no la función de autolimpieza, en casos específicos se pueden aumentar o disminuir el número de celdas. Electrolysis cells. Titanium plates can be placed horizontally or vertically, and be pure Titanium or coated with precious metals, such as Reuterium oxide. The sizing of the plates, can change depending on the commercial measures, The 5 plates of each cell, can be electrically connected in different ways, so that it performs or not the self-cleaning function, in specific cases you can increase or decrease the number of cells.
Celdas de generación de ozono. Las placas pueden ser de acero inoxidable 316 L, y su forma podrá ser laminar o tubular, de la misma manera se puede utilizar el método de arco eléctrico (método inductivo) o placas con vidrio (método capacitivo), Los gabinetes pueden cambiar de forma o tamaño. El modulo de alta tensión se puede hacer en base a un transformador expuesto o encapsulado. Ozone generation cells. The plates can be made of 316 L stainless steel, and their shape can be laminar or tubular, in the same way you can use the electric arc method (inductive method) or glass plates (capacitive method), Cabinets can change shape or size. The high voltage module can be made based on an exposed or encapsulated transformer.
Circuitos electrónicos. Los circuitos electrónicos pueden ser parcial o totalmente automatizados, con microcontroladores o bien con transistores o interruptores manuales, la soldadura de los circuitos puede ser base cautín o crisol, y el PCB puede construirse de baquelita o fibra de vidrio. Electronic circuits. The electronic circuits can be partially or fully automated, with microcontrollers or with transistors or manual switches, the welding of the circuits can be soldering iron or crucible, and the PCB can be constructed of bakelite or fiberglass.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES Habiendo descrito suficientemente mi invención, considero como una novedad y por lo tanto reclamo como de mi exclusiva propiedad, lo contenido en las siguientes cláusulas. CLAIMS Having sufficiently described my invention, I consider as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following clauses.
1. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, caracterizado por que esta compuesto por un Generador salino de cloro, una Celda de electrólisis, que genera cloro a partir de la solución salina, una Válvula de presión, un Venturi de Inyección de cloro a la tubería de retorno a la piscina, una Válvula desgasificadora, para evitar acumulación de gases en la celda, un Sensor de flujo de la celda, conectado al tablero de control del generador salino, unos Medidores de Ph y ORP, un Sensor de cloro en base a ORP, conectado al tablero de control, un Sensor de PH, para medición y control del ph del sistema, el cual se conecta a una bomba dosificadora auxiliar, que aspira de tanque contenedor del modificador de ph, esto se controla desde el tablero de control, un Tablero de control del generador salino, una Antena Satelital, un Tablero de alimentación eléctrica, un Enriquecedor de Oxigeno, del generador de ozono que incluye un filtro secador del aire, un Generador de Ozono, un Medidor de Voltaje y amperaje, una Tubería plástica de la inyección de Ozono, un Venturi de inyección del Ozono, una Válvula de flujo principal, por donde circula el agua a través del venturi realizando un vacio para la inyección del ozono, una Bomba auxiliar del sistema de ozono por donde circula el agua a través del venturi, al tanque de contacto, un Destructor de Ozono, un filtro de carbón activado colocado arriba del tanque de contacto, un tanque de contacto de acero inoxidable, un Venturi de inyección de agua con ozono a la tubería de retorno a la piscina, una Bomba dosificadora de Modificador de PH, un Deposito contenedor del modificador de PH, una "T" de inyección de modificador de ph, una Tubería de retorno principal a la piscina. 1. Integral disinfection system for pool water, characterized in that it is composed of a chlorine salt generator, an electrolysis cell, which generates chlorine from the saline solution, a pressure valve, a chlorine injection venturi to the return pipe to the pool, a degassing valve, to avoid accumulation of gases in the cell, a cell flow sensor, connected to the control panel of the salt generator, Ph and ORP meters, a chlorine sensor based on ORP, connected to the control panel, a PH Sensor, for measurement and control of the system ph, which is connected to an auxiliary dosing pump, which sucks the ph modifier container tank, this is controlled from the control board, a Saline generator control board, a Satellite Antenna, a Power supply board, an Oxygen Enrichment, ozone generator that includes an air dryer filter, an O Generator zone, a Voltage and amperage meter, an Ozone injection plastic pipe, an Ozone injection Venturi, a main flow valve, through which the water circulates through the venturi making a vacuum for ozone injection, a Auxiliary pump of the ozone system where the water circulates through the venturi, to the contact tank, an Ozone Destroyer, an activated carbon filter placed above the contact tank, a stainless steel contact tank, an injection Venturi of ozone water to the pool return pipe, a PH Modifier metering pump, a PH modifier container tank, a ph modifier "T" injection, a main pool return pipe.
2. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por que el Tablero de control del generador salino, comprende: 2. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1, characterized in that the Saline generator control panel comprises:
• Medición y control de ORP y PH. • Measurement and control of ORP and PH.
• Alimentación eléctrica de la celda de electrólisis, voltaje y amperaje  • Power supply of the electrolysis, voltage and amperage cell
regulado.  regulated.
• Salida de señal satelital, con los valores de ORP y PH.  • Satellite signal output, with ORP and PH values.
3. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, caracterizado por que convierte el agua de piscina en una ligera salmuera, esto se logra adicionando al cuerpo de agua 5 gr. de cloro por litro, en donde el cloro y el ozono generado, se inyectan en la línea de retorno de agua ya filtrada, Así mismo se instala en la línea de retorno, un sensor de ORP, este monitoreo retroalimentara el sistema de control, quien enviara paro del sistema en caso de exceder el valor preestablecido, en donde el sistema un medidor de ph y un controlador, se encarga de enviar señal a una bomba dosificadora de un modificador de ph, con la finalidad de mantener este parámetro dentro del rango normado, en donde estas mediciones son enviadas por el controlador, vía satelital a una página web, con los valores en tiempo real, alarmas y gráficas que contribuyen a una fácil y eficiente operación, con este sistema automático, se evitan los riesgos implicados en la dosificación manual, que requiere mano de obra y supervisión especializada. 3. Integral disinfection system for pool water, characterized in that it turns the pool water into a light brine, this is achieved by adding 5 gr to the body of water. of chlorine per liter, where the chlorine and ozone generated, are injected into the return line of already filtered water, Likewise, an ORP sensor is installed in the return line, this monitoring will feed back the control system, who send system shutdown in case of exceeding the preset value, where the system a ph meter and a controller, is responsible for sending signal to a dosing pump of a ph modifier, in order to keep this parameter within the regulated range , where these measurements are sent by the controller, via satellite to a web page, with real-time values, alarms and graphs that contribute to an easy and efficient operation, with this automatic system, the risks involved in dosing are avoided manual, which requires skilled labor and supervision.
4. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por que el enriquecedor de Oxigeno, tiene una compresora y un filtro el cual alimenta oxigeno enriquecido (02) al generador de ozono, donde por un muy alto voltaje se genera Ozono (03) en donde este ozono se inyecta a la tubería de arrastre a través de una manguera y un venturi, donde el flujo de arrastre es generado con una bomba auxiliar a través de la válvula de alimentación al tanque de contacto, donde el agua llega al tanque a través de micro burbujeó, esta solución de agua y ozono se inyecta a la línea de retorno a través de un venturi, en donde el tanque lleva integrado en la parte superior un destructor de Ozono (filtro de carbón activado), para evitar fuga de ozono al ambiente. 4. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen enricher has a compressor and a filter which feeds enriched oxygen (0 2 ) to the ozone generator, where by a Very high voltage is generated Ozone (0 3 ) where this ozone is injected into the drag pipe through a hose and a venturi, where the drag flow is generated with an auxiliary pump through the tank feed valve of contact, where the water reaches the tank through micro bubbles, this solution of water and ozone is injected into the return line through a venturi, where the tank has an ozone destroyer (activated carbon filter) integrated in the upper part, to prevent ozone leakage into the environment.
5. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado por que la generación de cloro por electrólisis salina, se realiza en una celda de electrólisis, constituida por placas de Titanio, recubiertas con metales preciosos, Oro, Platino y Ruterio, en donde la calidad de los electrodos, (componentes y modalidades de alimentación eléctrica), es determinante en la producción de cloro y en la duración del sistema. 5. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1, characterized in that the generation of chlorine by saline electrolysis is carried out in an electrolysis cell, constituted by titanium plates, coated with precious metals, Gold , Platinum and Ruterio, where the quality of the electrodes, (components and modes of power supply), is decisive in the production of chlorine and in the duration of the system.
6. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que Hacemos circular agua ligeramente salada (de 3 a 5 gramos de sal por litro de agua), entre los electrodos de Titanio, aplicando una débil corriente eléctrica a un voltaje de 12 a 18 volts rectificado, con una polaridad constante durante un periodo de tiempo, en donde la demanda de amperaje es de hasta un máximo de 30 amperios. 6. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1 characterized in that we circulate slightly salty water (3 to 5 grams of salt per liter of water), between the Titanium electrodes, applying a weak current electrical at a voltage of 12 to 18 volts rectified, with a constant polarity over a period of time, where the demand for amperage is up to a maximum of 30 amps.
7. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que el generador de ozono, es capaz de producir ozono -una molécula triatómica (contiene tres átomos de oxígeno) artificialmente, mediante la generación de una MAT (muy alta tensión) eléctrica que produce ozono, y, colateralmente, iones negativos, en donde integramos un concentrador de oxigeno a fin de hacer más eficiente esta reacción, el cual genera ozono a frecuencias de 1 kHz, y con voltajes que oscilan entre 20 kV y 150 kv, el cual a través de un módulo de generación de ozono típico, es capaz de producir 100 gramos de ozono por día, en donde podemos montar módulos en paralelo, con una sola inyección a la línea de agua auxiliar a través de un dispositivo, que produce micro burbujas, a fin de incorporar eficientemente el ozono al agua, en donde línea auxiliar descarga el ozono en el retorno a la piscina según el diagrama. 7. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1 characterized in that the ozone generator is capable of producing ozone - a triatomic molecule (containing three oxygen atoms) artificially, by generating a MAT (very high voltage) electrical that produces ozone, and, collaterally, negative ions, where we integrate an oxygen concentrator in order to make this reaction more efficient, which generates ozone at frequencies of 1 kHz, and with voltages ranging between 20 kV and 150 kv, which through a typical ozone generation module, is capable of producing 100 grams of ozone per day, where we can mount modules in parallel, with a single injection to the auxiliary water line through a device, which produces micro bubbles, in order to efficiently incorporate ozone into the water, where the auxiliary line discharges the ozone on the return to the pool according to the diagram.
8. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 7 caracterizado por que Cada modulo de generación se compone de: 2 electrodos de acero Inoxidable 316 L, y entre cada electrodo una placa de vidrio, donde se arma herméticamente para inyectar el aire enriquecido a través de un muy pequeño espacio entre los electrodos (2 milímetros), en donde se aplica un MAT (muy alto voltaje) a través de fly back, a 150,000 volts y frecuencias cercanas a 1 khz. 8. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 7, characterized in that Each generation module consists of: 2 316 L stainless steel electrodes, and between each electrode a glass plate, where it is hermetically assembled to inject the enriched air through a very small space between the electrodes (2 millimeters), where a MAT (very high voltage) is applied through fly back, at 150,000 volts and frequencies close to 1 kHz.
9. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que Dada la extrema reactividad del gas, se incorporo un destructor de ozono, esto es, un filtro de carbón activado, que impida que este gas se fugue al ambiente y entre en contacto con los usuarios. 9. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1, characterized in that, given the extreme reactivity of the gas, an ozone destroyer was incorporated, that is, an activated carbon filter, which prevents this gas from being Fugue the environment and get in touch with users.
10. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que se instala en la línea de retomo, un sensor de ORP, en donde este monitoreo retroalimentara el sistema de control, quien enviara paro del sistema en caso de exceder el valor preestablecido. 10. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, in accordance with claim 1 characterized in that an ORP sensor is installed in the return line, where this monitoring will feed back the control system, who will send the system stop at case of exceeding the preset value.
11. Sistema integral de desinfección para el agua de piscinas, de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 caracterizado por que un medidor de ph y un controlador, quien enviara señal a una bomba dosificadora de un modificador de ph, con la finalidad de mantener este parámetro dentro del rango normado, en donde las mediciones son enviadas por el controlador vía satelital a una página web, con los valores en tiempo real, alarmas y gráficas que contribuyen a una fácil y eficiente operación. 11. Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water, according to claim 1 characterized in that a ph meter and a controller, which will send a signal to a dosing pump of a ph modifier, in order to keep this parameter inside of the regulated range, where measurements are sent by the controller via satellite to a web page, with real-time values, alarms and graphs that contribute to an easy and efficient operation.
PCT/MX2011/000024 2011-02-15 2011-02-15 Integral disinfection system for swimming pool water WO2012112019A1 (en)

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