WO2012111896A1 - Multi-domain liquid crystal display device using a printed electronic method, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-domain liquid crystal display device. The multi-domain liquid crystal display device includes: an upper substrate including a common electrode; a lower substrate including a pixel electrode, wherein the lower substrate faces the upper substrate; a protrusion forming an oblique field when a voltage above a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode and to the pixel electrode, wherein the protrusion is disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; liquid crystals disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the liquid crystals are disposed adjacent to the protrusion and have a pretilt angle; and a vertical alignment layer for covering the protrusion so as to align the liquid crystals between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

Description

 【Specification】

 [Name of invention]

 Multi-domain liquid crystal display using printed electronic method and manufacturing method thereof

 Technical Field

 The present invention relates to a multi-domain liquid crystal display device using a printed electronic method and a manufacturing method thereof.

 Background Art

 <2> A liquid crystal display device forms a liquid crystal layer made of liquid crystal molecules between two substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, and then changes the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules by an electric field generated when a voltage is applied to the transparent electrodes. A device for displaying information by controlling the amount of transmission. Among such liquid crystal display devices, researches on liquid crystal display devices operating in a multi domain vertical alignment (MVA) mode to produce a wide viewing angle effect have been conducted.

 <3> Meanwhile, the cell gap, which represents the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display, is closely related to the characteristics of the viewing angle, luminance uniformity, dropping speed, and contrast ratio, thereby improving image quality of the liquid crystal display. In order to maintain a uniform cell gap, it is essential. In addition, maintaining a constant cell gap is more important in the trend toward larger area and higher image quality of liquid crystal displays.

 Recently, touch displays using touch technology have been applied to mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablet PCs. Touch technology is essential to press the front of the display device to input the user's desired, which is the main cause of distortion and distortion of the image displayed on the LCD. Therefore, a manufacturing process for maintaining the cell gap of the liquid crystal display device is required to withstand the distortion and distortion.

 [Detailed Description of the Invention]

 [Technical problem]

 One object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same, which can simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the process cost and time.

The present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same that hold the cell ¾ with a stone base formed on a substrate surface without a process of forming a conventional spacer. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having a pretilt angle at which liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a multi-domain in the entire region of the substrate surface without further processing on the substrate, and a method of manufacturing the same. Technical Solution

 The multi-domain liquid crystal display of the present invention includes an upper substrate portion including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, a lower substrate portion facing the upper substrate portion, and a threshold voltage greater than or equal to the common electrode and the pixel electrode. A liquid crystal having an inclined electric field when a voltage is applied and positioned between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion, positioned between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion, and having a pretilt angle adjacent to the protrusion portion. And a vertical alignment layer covering the protrusion to orient the liquid crystal between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion.

 The multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes an upper substrate portion including a common electrode, a pixel electrode, a lower substrate portion facing the upper substrate portion, and thresholds on the common electrode and the pixel electrode. A projection portion that forms a gradient electric field when a voltage equal to or more than a voltage is applied, and is located between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to maintain a cell gap between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion, and a pretilt angle adjacent to the protrusion portion. And a vertical alignment layer covering the protrusion and the protrusion to orient the liquid crystal between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion.

<10> A method of manufacturing a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention uses an ink jet printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate portion including a common electrode and a lower substrate portion including a pixel electrode. Forming a line-shaped protrusion, including exposing the photoreactive material to ultraviolet light to expose the protrusion, and forming an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer on the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to cover the protrusion of the protrusion. Coating step; intersecting the stone bases positioned at the upper substrate part and the lower substrate part, and bonding them to form a cell; placing a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate part and the lower substrate part. The key includes applying a voltage to the common electrode and the pixel electrode and irradiating ultraviolet light to the bonded cells.

<> The manufacturing method of the multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes an optical semi-aromatic material by an inkjet printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate part including a common electrode or a lower substrate part including a pixel electrode. Forming an intersecting line-shaped protrusion, exposing the light-reactive material to ultraviolet light and exposing the protrusion, an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer on the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to cover the protrusion portion; Coating the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to form a cell; placing a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; Voltage applied to the electrode And then irradiating ultraviolet rays to the bonded sal.

<12> The multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a dot shape including an optical semi-aromatic material by an inkjet printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate part including a common electrode or a lower substrate part including a pixel electrode. Exposing the projection by irradiating the light semi-active material with ultraviolet rays; coating an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer to cover the protrusions on the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion. Forming a cell by joining the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; placing a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; and applying a voltage to the common electrode and the pixel electrode. Irradiating ultraviolet rays to the bonded cells after applying the.

 Advantageous Effects

 The present invention can easily manufacture a multi-domain liquid crystal display because the projection is formed by injecting an optical semi-astringent material by an inkjet printing method or a reverse offset printing method, which is an electronic printing method.

 In addition, according to the present invention, since the protrusion serves as a spacer, the cell gap of the liquid crystal layer may be uniformly maintained without a separate spacer manufacturing process.

According to the present invention, a polymer layer for providing a pretilt angle on a surface of a substrate may be formed by polymerizing a photocurable single molecule positioned between an upper substrate portion and a lower substrate portion.

 [Brief Description of Drawings]

 1 and 2 illustrate a process of forming protrusions of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 3 illustrates a shape of a protrusion that may be formed by inkjet printing and reverse offset printing through the manufacturing process of FIGS. 1 and 2.

 4 illustrates the shape of the projection viewed from the front after the upper and lower substrates are bonded in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

 5 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion of FIG. 4.

 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 10 illustrates a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

 12 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 13 shows a method of forming a wire-square square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

 FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

 FIG. 16 illustrates a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

 FIG. 19 illustrates a method of forming a wire-square square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

20 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

 FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method for forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

 <38>

[Form for implementation of invention] Some embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to the elements of each drawing, it should be noted that the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they appear on different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related well-known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

 In addition, in describing the components of the present invention, the first, second, A, B, (a),

 Terms such as (b) may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the components from other components, and the nature, order or order of the components are not limited by the terms. If a component is described as being "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another component, that component may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but between each component It is to be understood that the components may be "connected", "coupled" or "connected".

 1 and 2 illustrate the process of forming the protrusions of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A illustrates the ink jet printing of the light semi-finished material 180 using inkjet printing equipment 170 on a transparent electrode 120 such as a pixel electrode or a common electrode on a substrate 130. Spraying in a manner. The photoreactive material is a material having a dielectric constant value, it is preferable to be selected from a material having a large liquid crystal and a dielectric constant difference, including an acrylate monomer and a photoinitiator that reacts quickly with ultraviolet light and easily polymerizes. FIG. 1B illustrates a step of exposing ultraviolet light (UV) to a photoreactive material. As shown in FIG. 1C, a post-bake step of applying heat to the substrate 130 to firmly adhere the protrusions on the surface of the substrate 130 is finally performed as shown in FIG. 1D. The protrusion 190 is formed. As such, since the protrusion 190 is formed using an inkjet printing method rather than a photolithography process using a mask, the protrusion 190 may be easily and inexpensively formed.

 The protrusion 190 may be formed not only by an inkjet printing method but also by a reverse off-set printing process introduced below. FIG. 2A illustrates a step of coating a light semi-aperture material 194 on a disc-shaped silicon rubber roll 192.

FIG. 2B illustrates a projection part of the light reflective material 194 coated on the silicon rubber roller 192.

After contacting the Cliche 196 for forming the pattern of 190 and rotating the lor 194, the photo-banung material 194 having the pattern of the protrusion 190 remains on the lor 192. It shows the step which becomes.

 Referring to FIG. 2 (c), when the silicon rubber roller 192 on which the patterned photocurable material is buried is placed on the substrate 130 on which the transparent electrode 120 is formed and rotated, the protrusion 190 on the substrate 130 is rotated. ) Is formed at regular intervals.

 In FIG. 2, the direction of rotation of the silicon rubber roller 190 is indicated to the right, but may be rotated in a left or right direction. Although not shown in FIG. 2, the light reflective material 194 may be cured through a curing process of irradiating ultraviolet (UV) light.

 <47>

 The forming of the protrusions may be performed by forming the protrusions including the light semi-active material in the inkjet printing method or the reverse offset printing method described above, and exposing the protrusions by irradiating the light semi-reflective material with ultraviolet rays. In the manufacturing method according to Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention can be commonly applied to the process of forming the protrusions of various forms. When the protrusion is formed by an inkjet printing method, a post bake step for the protrusion may be further performed after the protrusion of the protrusion.

 FIG. 3 illustrates the shape of a protrusion that may be formed by an inkjet printing method through the manufacturing process of FIGS. 1 and 2.

 As shown in (a), (b), and (c) of FIG. 3, the protrusion part manufactured using the inkjet printing method may be formed as a line pattern, a pattern in which lines intersect, or a dot pattern, but is not limited thereto. It can be changed in various ways without limiting the number of multi domains.

 4 illustrates the shape of the projection viewed from the front after the upper and lower substrates are bonded in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

 Figure 4 (a), as shown in Figure 3 (a), a line-shaped projection located on the upper substrate portion

 A state in which the line 200 and the line-shaped protrusion 210 positioned on the lower substrate portion cross each other is shown. Each of the intersecting protrusions 200 and 210 gives a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules positioned around the protrusions 200 and 210 so that the liquid crystal molecules may form a multi-domain during driving. In addition, the protrusion 230 of the portion where the protrusion 200 of the upper substrate and the protrusion 210 of the lower substrate overlap each other may be formed of a spacer that maintains a uniform cell gap of the liquid crystal layer existing between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. Play a role.

As shown in FIG. 4B, as shown in FIG. 3B, a protrusion 240 having a line shape intersecting 90 degrees is formed on the upper substrate or the lower substrate so that the liquid crystal molecules are multiplied when the protrusion 240 is driven. Form a domain. In addition, the protrusions 250 in the region where the line-shaped protrusions 240 overlap. Serves as a spacer for maintaining a uniform cell gap of the liquid crystal layer.

4 (C), as shown in FIG. 3 (C), a dot-shaped stone base 270 is formed on an upper substrate or a lower substrate so that the liquid crystal molecules form a multi-domain when the protrusion 270 is driven. At the same time it serves as a spacer to maintain a uniform cell gap of the liquid crystal layer.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion of FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an upper substrate portion US and a lower substrate portion LS that face each other. The upper substrate US includes a common electrode 300, an upper substrate 310, and an upper polarizer 320. The lower substrate part LS includes a pixel electrode 330, a glass substrate 340, and a lower light guide plate 350.

 As illustrated in FIG. 5A, the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 may be formed on the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the lower protrusions 240 and 270 may be formed on the pixel electrode 330.

 Although not shown in FIG. 5A, an upper alignment layer and a lower alignment layer may be formed to cover the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210, respectively. Although not shown in FIGS. 5B and 5C, a lower alignment layer covering lower protrusions 240 and 270 may be formed.

 FIG. 5A illustrates a cross section cut along a cutting line 222 in FIG. 4A, wherein the upper protrusion 200 and the lower substrate are positioned on the upper substrate US. Since the lower protrusions 210 positioned in the LS overlap each other in contact with each other, the upper protrusions 200 and the lower protrusions 210 serve as spacers.

 FIG. 5 (b) shows a cross section cut along the cutting line 262 in FIG. 4 (b), in which line-shaped protrusions 240 disposed on the lower substrate part LS overlap each other. Since the thickness of the protrusion part 250 is increased in the region, the protrusion part 250 is formed to be high, so the protrusion part 250 is formed of a spacer that maintains a uniform gap between the upper substrate part US and the lower substrate part LS. Play a role. In FIG. 5B, the protrusion part 240 is formed on the lower substrate part LS, but the protrusion part 240 may be formed on the upper substrate part US or the lower substrate part LS.

 5 (c) shows a cross section cut along the cutting line 280 in (c) of FIG. 4, in which the protrusion 270 located in the lower substrate portion LS serves as a spacer. Indicates. In FIG. 5C, the protrusion 270 is formed on the lower substrate LS, but the protrusion 270 may be formed on the upper substrate US or the lower substrate LS.

<61> Next, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

<63> <Example 1>

 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 First, perpendicular to the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS, on which the line-shaped stone bases 200, 210 of FIGS. 3 (a) and 4 (a) formed by inkjet printing are located, respectively. After coating the alignment layer (S410), a sealing material is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS (S420).

 Subsequently, line-shaped protrusions positioned on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are formed.

 The cells 200 and 210 intersect to form 90 degrees, and the protrusions 200 and 210 abut each other in a region where the protrusions 200 and 210 cross each other to manufacture a cell (S430). The intersecting protrusions 200 and 210 initially give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystals around the protrusions to form multi-domains. At the same time, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, since the upper protrusion 200 located at the upper substrate portion US and the lower protrusion 210 positioned at the lower substrate portion LS are brought into contact with each other by 90 degrees, As shown in (a) of FIG. 5, a portion where the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 abut to maintain a uniform thickness of the liquid crystal charge between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. It acts as a spacer.

 Next, the liquid crystal molecule, the photocurable monomolecule, and the photoinitiator are mixed to form a liquid crystal mixture, and then ultrasonically dispersed so as to be well mixed (S440), and the bonded upper substrate portion (US) The liquid crystal mixture is injected between the lower substrate parts LS (S450). The mixing ratio of the liquid crystal and the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator may be selected through various implementations in order to obtain a constant stepping speed and a constant contrast ratio, and is not limited to a specific mixing method and mixing ratio.

 After injection of the liquid crystal mixture, the photocurable monomolecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecule (S460).

The photocurable monomolecule is a liquid crystal material containing a short term capable of polymerization reaction by an ultraviolet reaction of a photoinitiator. It mainly has a liquid crystal phase including a mesogen group which can exhibit liquid crystal and a terminal group capable of photopolymerization, and means a single molecule which can be photopolymerized by a photoinitiator reacting with ultraviolet rays. Generally as the polymerizable end group, an acrylic group or a methacryl group which is easy to radically polymerize may be used. The photocurable monomolecule 234 satisfying these conditions may be selected from one or more than one group consisting of RM257 Formula 1), EHA (Formula 2), but is not limited thereto. The photoinitiator may be selected from one or more selected from the group consisting of trimethylopropane, triacrylate, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

 Formula 11

 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line 220 in FIG. 4A. After injecting the liquid crystal mixture, the liquid crystal molecules 362 are initially disposed on the upper substrate portion due to the upper vertical alignment layer 360 covering the upper protrusion 200 and the lower vertical alignment layer 370 covering the lower protrusion 210. Only the liquid crystal oriented perpendicular to the US) and the lower substrate portion LS, and positioned around the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 has a pretilt angle. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6A, the photoinitiator (not shown) and the photocurable monomolecule 364 mixed with the liquid crystal are located in the liquid crystal layer.

 When the voltage is equal to or greater than the threshold voltage of the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330 of the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS, the upper protrusion portion 200 and the lower protrusion portion 210 are dielectrics. The vertical electric field is distorted to form a gradient electric field 368. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 6B, the liquid crystal molecules 362 and the photocurable single molecules 364 are laid down in a direction perpendicular to the electric field 368 to form a constant pretilt angle.

 In this case, as shown in FIG. 6C, when the UV radiation is irradiated to the fabricated cell, the photocurable single molecules 364, which are mixed with the liquid crystal molecules, have a large amount of anchoring energy. It migrates to the minor (US, LS) surface and polymerizes with a constant pretilt angle.

<79> UV irradiation time is typically within 180 minutes, irradiation amount may be carried out at about 50 ~ 300J, but the manufacturing method is not limited to this, and the angle of pretilt angle and You can adjust the dose and time.

The pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules 362 and the photocurable single molecule 364 are 80 ^° with respect to the upper substrate 310 of the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate 340 of the lower substrate portion LS. If more than 89.9 ^° Mi. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the pretilt angle is 90 ^° , the pretilt angle is perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 or the lower substrate 340.

In the vertical alignment mode, the initial liquid crystal stands ^at an angle of 90 ^{° with} the substrate, which shows excellent contrast ratio from the front. However, the liquid crystal directors lie in a random direction, causing delamination between liquid crystal directors. As the area is generated, the transmittance is decreased, and the response speed may be slowed because the liquid crystal director takes a long time to stabilize. Therefore, when the pretilt angle is specified to overcome this problem, if the pretilt angle is too small, light leakage is caused without maintaining the initial dark state completely. If the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal director is set to 80 ^° or more and 89.9 ^° , the liquid crystal stands almost vertically on the substrate before voltage is applied, thereby exhibiting excellent dark state from the front and minimizing light leakage. In addition, when the driving is performed by applying a voltage higher than the threshold voltage, the liquid crystal director is stabilized rapidly in a predetermined direction due to the pretilt angle of the initial liquid crystal director, and thus it shows a uniform transmittance for each region and improves the response speed.

 As shown in (d) of FIG. 7, since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 362 is maintained even after the applied voltage is removed, the liquid crystal director can be stably controlled during driving, and a fast response speed can be obtained. Can be.

 FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 Referring to FIG. 8 (a), due to the polymerized photocurable monomolecule 364, the liquid crystal is initially in the left, right, up, down direction based on the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210. This results in a pretilt angle.

 Referring to FIG. 8B, when a voltage difference is generated by applying a voltage higher than or equal to a threshold voltage to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are formed. An electric field distortion phenomenon occurs due to the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 positioned therebetween to generate the gradient electric field 368. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 362 that are oriented perpendicular to the substrate 340 before the voltage application form a multi-domain by the gradient electric field 368 and are laid down in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. In addition, the response speed is improved due to the rapid reaction due to the initial pretilt angle.

In Example 1 of the present invention, formed on each of the upper substrate portion US and the lower engine portion LS. After the upper projections 200 and the lower projections 210 were bonded together by 90 degrees, the liquid crystal and the photocurable monomolecular mixture were injected therebetween, but the upper substrate portion US or the lower organ portion LS was injected. After the sealing material is formed, the liquid crystal and the photocurable monomolecular mixture are dropped into the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS on which the sealing material is formed, and the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS The upper projections 200 and the lower projections 210 formed in each of the can be bonded by crossing 90 degrees.

 <87>

 <88> <Example 2>

 9 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

 When the liquid crystal display device is manufactured as in Example 1 described above, the process time may be long because the photocurable single molecules move to the surface of both substrates, and the photocurable end that is not polymerized in the liquid crystal layer during UV irradiation. Residual agglomeration of molecules can produce light in the dark or degrade the optical properties. Therefore, in order to minimize residual photocurable monomolecules and improve polymerization reaction rate, a method of coating a mixture on both substrates after mixing the alignment film and the photocurable monomolecule photoinitiator was used.

 <9i> The conditions of the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator in Example 2 are the same as in Example 1, and thus a detailed description thereof is omitted.

 First, the protrusion part 200 having the line shape of FIG. 3 (a) by inkjet printing.

 210 is formed in the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS (S510).

 Subsequently, after the alignment film forming material, the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator are mixed (S520), the alignment film forming material, the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator are added to the upper substrate portion (US) and the lower substrate portion (LS). Coating the mixture (S530). The mixing ratio of the alignment film forming material, the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator may be selected through various implementations to obtain a constant response speed and a constant contrast ratio, and is not limited to a specific mixing method and mixing ratio.

The sealing member is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS (S540), and the upper substrate portion is brought into contact with the upper stone base 200 and the lower protrusion 210 so as to intersect 90 degrees. The cell is manufactured by bonding the US and the lower substrate unit LS (S550). The upper and lower protrusions 200 and 210 intersected in this manner initially give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal around the protrusions 200 and 210 to form a multi-domain. At the same time, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A, the upper protrusion part 200 located in the upper substrate part US and the lower protrusion part 210 located in the lower substrate part LS are disposed. The contact area 230 serves as a spacer for maintaining the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS to maintain a uniform cell gap.

 The liquid crystal mixture is injected into the cell formed by the bonding of the upper substrate portion (us) and the lower substrate portion (as) (S560). After injection of the liquid crystal mixture, the photocurable monomolecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecules (S570).

 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line 200 in FIG. 4A, and an embodiment of the present invention.

 A method of forming the pretilt layer of the multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured in accordance with FIG.

 As shown in FIG. 10A, after the liquid crystal mixture is injected, the liquid crystal molecules 362 may initially have an upper substrate 310 due to the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390. And only liquid crystals oriented perpendicular to the lower substrate 340 and positioned around the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210. In addition, an alignment layer forming material, a photoinitiator (not shown), and a photocurable single molecule 392 are present in the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390.

 As shown in FIG. 10B, when a voltage equal to or greater than a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210, which are dielectrics, are applied. The vertical electric field is distorted to form a gradient electric field 368. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 362 lie in a direction perpendicular to the gradient electric field 368, thereby forming a constant pretilt angle. The upper vertical alignment layer 380 And the photocurable single molecule 392 positioned inside the lower vertical alignment layer 390, and the liquid crystal molecules 362 positioned between the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390.

 As shown in (c) of FIG. 10, when the ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the cells fabricated as described above, the photocurable monomolecules 364 positioned inside the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390 are uniform. It is polymerized with an inclination angle. UV irradiation conditions and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules are the same as in Example 1.

 <ιοι> As shown in FIG. 10 (d), since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is maintained even after the applied voltage is removed, the liquid crystal director can be stably controlled during driving, and a fast response speed can be obtained. .

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. The cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device is taken along the cutting line 200 of FIG. Right cross section.

 Referring to FIG. 11A, the upper substrate portion is formed due to the polymerized photocurable single molecule 392.

 The liquid crystal positioned between the US and the lower substrate part LS initially has a pretilt angle in left, right, up, and down directions with respect to the upper protrusion 200 or the lower protrusion 210.

Referring to FIG. 11B, when a potential difference is generated by applying a voltage higher than or equal to the threshold voltage to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS The upper projection 200 and the lower projection 210 located between the () due to the electric field distortion occurs to generate a gradient electric field (368). Accordingly, liquid crystal molecules oriented perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 and the lower substrate 340 before voltage application form a multi-domain by the inclined electric field 368 and lie down in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. . In addition, because the initial line inclination angle appears to be a quick reaction, the response speed is improved.

 In Example 2 of the present invention, a mixture of an alignment film-forming material and a photocurable single molecule is coated on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS on which the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 are formed. After the upper projections 200 and the lower projections 210 positioned on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS cross each other by 90 degrees, the liquid crystal was injected therebetween, but the upper substrate portion US ) And a mixture of an alignment film forming material and a photocurable monomolecule on the lower substrate portion LS and a sealing material, and then a liquid crystal is applied to the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS on which the sealing material is formed. The dropping may be performed by intersecting the upper and lower protrusions 200 and the lower protrusions 210 formed on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS by 90 degrees.

 <106>

 <Example 3>

 12 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

 In Examples 1 and 2, the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 formed on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS by inkjet printing are intersected at 90 degrees. The substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are bonded together. However, it is difficult to accurately cross the upper protrusion 200 and the lower protrusion 210 by 90 degrees may reduce the process yield during manufacturing. Accordingly, Embodiment 3 of the present invention forms the upper substrate portion (US) or the lower substrate portion (LS) by forming a projection 240 intersected by 90 degrees as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 4 (b). US) and the lower substrate portion LS may be bonded to each other to increase the process yield.

<ιιο> First, the protrusions 240 intersected by 90 degrees are formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS by using inkjet printing, as shown in FIG. 3B, and the protrusions 240 are formed. Covered The vertical alignment film is coated (S610).

 After <ιπ> a sealing material is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS (S620), and the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are bonded (S630). The intersecting protrusions 240 initially give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystals around the protrusions 240 to form multi-domains.

 <ιΐ2> As shown in FIGS. 4B and 5B, the protrusion 250 in the region intersecting the lower substrate portion LS by 90 degrees includes the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion. It serves as a spacer for maintaining the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the (LS), thereby maintaining a uniform cell gap. In FIG. 5B, although the protrusion 240 formed by crossing 90 degrees is present in the lower substrate portion LS, the protrusion 240 may be present in the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS. .

 <Π3> On the other hand, a liquid crystal, a photocurable single molecule, and a photoinitiator are mixed and a liquid crystal mixture is formed. The mixing ratio can be selected through various experiments to obtain a constant quick speed and a constant contrast ratio. After the ultrasonic dispersion is performed so that the liquid crystal, the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator can be well mixed (S640), the liquid crystal mixture is injected into the cell formed by the adhesion of the upper substrate portion (US) or the lower substrate portion (LS). (S650). The conditions of the photocurable single molecule and the photoinitiator are the same as in Example 1.

 After injection of the liquid crystal mixture, the photocurable monomolecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecule (S660).

FIG. 13 illustrates a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 13 shows a short cut along the cutting line 260 in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 13A, after the liquid crystal mixture is injected, the liquid crystal molecules 362 initially form the upper substrate 310 due to the upper vertical alignment layer ₃₆₀ and the lower vertical alignment layer 370. And only the liquid crystal oriented perpendicular to the lower substrate 340 and positioned around the protrusion 240 has a pretilt angle. In addition, the photoinitiator (not shown) and the photocurable monomolecule 364 mixed with the liquid crystal are located in the liquid crystal layer.

 As shown in FIG. 13B, when the voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330 or more, a vertical electric field is distorted by the protrusion 240, which is a dielectric, and thus a gradient electric field ( 368 is formed, and thus the liquid crystal molecules 362 and the photocurable single molecules 364 are laid down in a direction perpendicular to the electric field 368 to form a constant pretilt angle.

At this time, as shown in (c) of FIG. 13, when the ultraviolet ray is irradiated to the cell, the photocurable monomolecule 364, which is mixed with the liquid crystal molecules, is present on both side substrate portions (US, LS) having large encapsulation energy. It moves to the surface of) and builds up with a certain pretilt angle. UV irradiation conditions and The pretilt angle follows the first embodiment.

As shown in (d) of FIG. 13, since the photocurable single molecule 364 is polymerized with a predetermined pretilt angle, the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal remains constant even after the applied voltage is removed. Accordingly, it is possible to stably control the liquid crystal director during driving and to obtain a fast response speed.

 FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

<i2i> Referring to FIG. 14A, the liquid crystal positioned on the surface of the substrate due to the polymerized photocurable monomolecule 364 initially has a pretilt angle in left and right directions with respect to the protrusion 240. do.

 Referring to FIG. 14B, when a potential difference is generated by applying a voltage higher than or equal to the threshold voltage to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS ), The projections 240 located between them generate a field distortion phenomenon, creating a gradient electric field 368. Accordingly, liquid crystal molecules oriented perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 and the lower substrate 340 before voltage application form a multi-domain by the gradient electric field 368 and lie down in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. do. In addition, the response speed is improved due to the rapid reaction due to the initial pretilt angle.

 In Example 3 of the present invention, the protrusions are formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS.

 After the 240 was formed, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS were bonded together, and a mixture of liquid crystal and a photocurable single molecule was injected therebetween, but the upper substrate portion US or the lower group was injected therebetween. After the protrusion 240 is formed on the plate portion LS, a sealing material is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, and the upper substrate portion us or the lower substrate portion as the sealing material is formed. The mixture of the liquid crystal and the photocurable monomolecule is added dropwise thereto, and then the upper substrate portion (us) and the lower substrate portion as) can be bonded together.

 <124>

 <125> <Example 4>

 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

 In Example 4 of the present invention, as in Example 3, a method of increasing the process yield upon bonding is formed by forming protrusions intersecting 90 degrees on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS.

First, inkjet printing may be applied to the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS. The protrusions 240 intersected by 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 3 (b) and FIG. 4 (b) are formed (S710). Next, the alignment layer forming material and the photocurable single molecule are mixed (S720), and the mixture of the alignment layer forming material and the photocurable single molecule is surrounded by the protrusion 240 in the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. To be coated (S730).

 After the sealing material is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS (S740), the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are bonded (S750). The intersecting protrusion 240 gives an initial pretilt angle to the liquid crystal around the protrusion 240 to form a multi-domain. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 5B, the protrusion 250 in the region where the protrusion 240 formed in the lower substrate portion LS intersects between the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS. It serves as a spacer to maintain the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of to maintain a uniform cell gap. In FIG. 5B, the protrusion 240 formed by crossing 90 degrees is present in the lower substrate portion LS, but the protrusion 240 formed by crossing 90 degrees has an upper substrate portion US or a lower substrate portion ( LS) may exist. The conditions of a photocurable single molecule and a photoinitiator are the same as that of Example 1.

 The liquid crystal trace mixture is injected into the cell formed by the bonding of the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS (S760). After injection of the liquid crystal mixture, the photocurable single molecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecules (S770).

 <i3i> FIG. 16 illustrates a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a short cut along the cutting line 260 in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 16A, after the liquid crystal mixture is injected, the liquid crystal molecules 362 are initially disposed on the upper substrate 310 due to the upper vertical alignment layer ₃₈₀ and the lower vertical alignment layer 390. And only the liquid crystal oriented perpendicular to the lower substrate 340 and positioned around the protrusion 240 has a line inclination angle. In addition, the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390 include an alignment layer forming material, a photoinitiator (not shown), and a photocurable single molecule 392.

 As shown in FIG. 16B, when the voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330 or more, a vertical electric field is distorted by the protrusion 240 that is a dielectric, and thus a gradient electric field ( 368 is formed, and thus the liquid crystal molecules 362 lie in a direction perpendicular to the gradient electric field 368, thereby forming a constant pretilt angle. In addition, the photocurable single molecules 392 disposed on the upper and lower vertical alignment layers 380 and 390 are also aligned with the liquid crystal molecules 362.

In this case, when the ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the cells fabricated as shown in FIG. 16C, the photocurable single molecules 364 inside the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390 are uniform. It is polymerized with an inclination angle. UV irradiation conditions and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules are the same as in Example 1.

 As shown in FIG. 16 (d), since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is maintained even after the applied voltage is removed, the liquid crystal director can be stably controlled during driving, and a fast response speed can be obtained.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device manufactured according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of FIG.

It is a cross section along 260.

 Referring to FIG. 17A, the liquid crystal positioned on the surface of the substrate due to the polymerized photocurable monomolecular 392 is initially lined in the left, right, or up and down directions with respect to the protrusion 240. It will have a tilt angle. Referring to FIG. 17B, when a potential difference is generated by applying a voltage higher than or equal to a threshold voltage to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, an electric field distortion phenomenon occurs due to the protrusion 240 to form a gradient electric field ( 368) is generated. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules oriented perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 and the lower substrate 340 before voltage application form a multi-domain by the gradient electric field 368 and lie in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. Also, due to the initial pretilt angle, it appears to be a fast response, thereby improving the response speed.

In Example 4 of the present invention, a protrusion is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS.

 After forming the 240, a mixture of an alignment film forming material and a photocurable monomolecule is coated on each of the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS to cover the protrusion 240 and the upper substrate portion US. Or after bonding the lower substrate part LS, the liquid crystal was inject | poured in between. In addition to the above method, after forming the protrusions 240 on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, the alignment layer forming material and the photocurable single molecule may be formed on the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. After coating a mixture of to cover the stone base 240 and forming a sealing material, the liquid crystal is dropped into the upper substrate portion (US) or the lower substrate portion (LS) on which the sealing material is formed, and then the upper substrate portion (US) And the lower substrate portion (LS) can be bonded.

 <139>

 <140> <Example 5>

 18 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

First, by using an inkjet printing method on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, protrusions 270 are uniformly formed in a dot shape as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 (c), and then the protrusions The vertical alignment layer is coated to cover 270 (S810). Dot-shaped protrusion 270 A pretilt angle is initially given to the liquid crystal around the protrusion 270 to form a multi-domain. At the same time, as shown in (c) of FIG. 5, the protrusion 270 formed in the dot shape in the lower substrate portion LS is formed of the liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. It serves as a spacer to maintain thickness to maintain a uniform sal gap. In FIG. 5C, a protrusion 270 formed in a dot shape is present in the lower substrate part LS. However, the protrusion 270 formed in a dot shape may be the upper substrate part US or the lower substrate part LS. May exist in

 Subsequently, the sealing material is formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS.

 (S820), the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are bonded (S830).

 A liquid crystal, a photocurable monomolecule, and a photoinitiator are mixed to form a liquid crystal mixture.

 The mixing ratio can be selected through various tests to obtain a constant quick speed and a constant contrast ratio. After the ultrasonic dispersion is performed so that the liquid crystal, the photocurable monomolecule and the photoinitiator can be well mixed (S840), the liquid crystal mixture is injected into a cell formed by the bonding of the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS ( S850).

 After injection of the liquid crystal mixture, the photocurable single molecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecule (S860). The conditions of the photocurable single molecule and the photoinitiator are the same as those in Example 1.

 FIG. 19 illustrates a method of forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a short cut along the cutting line 280 in FIG. 4C.

As shown in FIG. 19A, after the liquid crystal mixture is injected, the liquid crystal molecules 362 may initially have an upper substrate 310 due to the upper vertical alignment layer ₃₆₀ and the lower vertical alignment layer 370. And only the liquid crystal oriented perpendicular to the lower substrate 340 and positioned around the protrusion 270 has a pretilt angle. In addition, the photoinitiator (not shown) and the photocurable monomolecule 364 mixed with the liquid crystal are located in the liquid crystal layer.

 As shown in FIG. 19B, when the voltage is greater than or equal to the threshold voltage to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 340, the vertical electric field is distorted by the protrusion 270, which is a dielectric, and thus the gradient electric field ( 368 is formed, and thus the liquid crystal molecules 362 and the photocurable single molecules 364 are laid down in a direction perpendicular to the gradient electric field 368 to form a constant pretilt angle.

At this time, as shown in (c) of FIG. 19, when the ultraviolet light is irradiated to the manufactured cell, photocurable single molecules are present mixed with liquid crystal molecules between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. (364) moves to the surface of both substrate parts (US, LS) having a large amount of encapsulation energy, It is polymerized with an inclination angle. UV irradiation conditions and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules are the same as in Example 1.

 <i5i> As shown in FIG. 19D, since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is maintained even after the applied voltage is removed, the liquid crystal director can be stably controlled during driving, and a fast response speed can be obtained.

 20 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display manufactured according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

 Referring to FIG. 20A, the liquid crystal positioned on the surface of the lower vertical alignment layer 370 due to the polymerized photocurable monomolecule 364 may initially be left, right, or phase relative to the protrusion 270. ， Has a pretilt angle in the downward direction.

 Referring to FIG. 20B, when a voltage difference of more than a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the potential difference occurs, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS Due to the projection 270 located between), the electric field distortion occurs, thereby generating a gradient electric field (368). Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules oriented perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 and the lower substrate 340 before voltage application form a multi-domain by the gradient electric field 368, and lie in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. In addition, because the initial pretilt angle shows a quick reaction, the response speed is improved.

 In Embodiment 5 of the present invention, protrusions are formed on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, and the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS is bonded to each other. The mixture of the liquid crystal and the photocurable single molecule 364 was injected, but the protrusion 270 was formed in the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, and the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS was formed. ), A mixture of the liquid crystal and the photocurable single molecule 364 is dropped into the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS on which the sealing material is formed, and the upper substrate portion US And the lower substrate portion LS may be bonded.

 <156>

 <Example> Example 6

 21 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

First, the protrusions 270 are uniformly formed in a dot shape on the upper substrate US or the lower substrate LS by using an inkjet printing method (S910). The dot-shaped protrusion 270 gives an initial pretilt angle to the liquid crystal around the protrusion 270 to form a multi-domain. At the same time, as shown in Fig. 5C, the lower substrate portion LS has a dot shape. The formed protrusion 270 serves as a spacer for maintaining the thickness of the liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS to maintain a uniform cell gap. In FIG. 5C, the dot-shaped protrusion 270 is present in the lower substrate portion LS, but the dot-shaped protrusion 270 is present in the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS. can do.

 Subsequently, the alignment layer forming material, the photoinitiator, and the photocurable single molecule are mixed (S920), and the mixture of the alignment layer forming material and the photocurable single molecule is formed in the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. 270 to cover (S930). The conditions of the photocurable single molecule and the photoinitiator are the same as in Example 1.

 <i6i> Subsequently, after forming a sealing material in the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS (S940), the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are bonded together (S950), and the upper substrate The liquid crystal is injected into the cell formed by the bonding of the portion US and the lower substrate portion LS (S960). After the liquid crystal injection, the photocurable single molecule is polymerized by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to give a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal (S970).

 FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a method for forming a wire diameter square of a multi-domain liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line 280 in FIG. 4C.

As shown in FIG. 22A, after the liquid crystal mixture is injected, the liquid crystal molecules 362 are initially disposed on the upper substrate 310 due to the upper vertical alignment layer ₃₈₀ and the lower vertical alignment layer 390. And only the liquid crystal oriented perpendicular to the lower substrate 340 and positioned around the protrusion 270 has a pretilt angle. In addition, an alignment layer forming material, a photoinitiator (not shown), and a photocurable single molecule 392 are present in the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390.

 As shown in (b) of FIG. 22, when the voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330 or more, a vertical electric field is distorted by the protrusion 270 that is a dielectric material. 368 is formed, and thus the liquid crystal molecules 362 lie in a direction perpendicular to the gradient electric field 368, thereby forming a constant pretilt angle. In addition, the photocurable single molecules 392 located inside the upper and lower vertical alignment layers 380 and 390 are also aligned along the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 362.

 At this time, as shown in Figure 22 (c), the upper substrate portion (US) and the lower substrate portion

When ultraviolet rays are irradiated to the cell formed by the bonding of the LS, the photocurable single molecules 364 adjacent to the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are polymerized with a constant inclination angle. UV irradiation conditions and the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules are the same as in Example 1. As shown in (d) of FIG. 22, since the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is maintained even after the applied voltage is removed, the liquid crystal director can be stably controlled during driving, and a fast response speed can be obtained. have.

 FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of a multi-domain liquid crystal display according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line 280 of FIG. 4C.

 Referring to FIG. 23A, the liquid crystals positioned on the upper vertical alignment layer 380 and the lower vertical alignment layer 390 due to the polymerized photocurable single molecule 392 may initially form the protrusions 270. As a reference, it has a pretilt angle in left, right or up and down directions.

 Referring to FIG. 23B, when the voltage difference is greater than the threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS are generated. The projections 270 located between the cavities cause electric field distortion to generate the gradient electric field 368. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules oriented perpendicular to the upper substrate 310 and the lower substrate 340 before the voltage application form the multi-domain by the gradient electric field 368 and lie in various directions, thereby generating transmittance. In addition, the response speed improves because the initial pretilt angle appears to be a quick reaction.

 In the present embodiment, after forming the protruding portion 270 on the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS is bonded to each other. The mixture of the liquid crystal and the photocurable single molecule 392 was injected, but the projections 270 were formed in the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS, and the upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS was formed. ), A mixture of the liquid crystal and the photocurable single molecule 392 is dropped into the upper upper substrate portion US or the lower substrate portion LS on which the sealing material is formed, and the upper substrate portion US And the lower substrate portion LS may be bonded.

 In the multi-domain liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention described above, the upper substrate portion US, the lower substrate portion LS, the protrusions 200, 210, 240, 270, and the liquid crystal 362. ) And vertical alignment layers 360 and 370.

 The upper substrate unit US includes a common electrode 300.

 The lower substrate portion LS includes the pixel electrode 330 and faces the upper substrate portion US.

The protrusions 200, 210, 240, and 270 form a gradient electric field 368 when a voltage equal to or greater than a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode 300 and the pixel electrode 330, and the upper substrate portion US and the lower portion. It is located between the board parts (LS). In this case, the protrusions 200, 210, 240, and 270 may maintain a cell gap between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS. <i75> The liquid crystal 362 is positioned between the upper substrate portion US and the lower substrate portion LS, and the protrusion portion

It has a pretilt angle adjacent to (200, 210, 240, 270).

The vertical alignment layers 360 and 370 cover the protrusions 200, 210, 240, and 270, and the upper substrate portion.

 The liquid crystal 362 between the US and the lower substrate portion LS is aligned.

 As described above, in the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, since the protrusions forming the multi-domain play a role of a spacer, such as a dry dispersion or wet dispersion process for forming a spacer in an existing liquid crystal display. There is no need for a separate process.

In addition, the spacer of the conventional liquid crystal display device maintains a cell gap by dispersing spherical spacers, and it is difficult to uniformly distribute the spacers and breaks the orientation of liquid crystal molecules positioned around the spacers, thereby generating light leakage. In addition, it is difficult to maintain a uniform cell gap due to agglomeration of spacers, which causes deterioration of image quality. In contrast, since the protrusions of the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are formed by an inkjet printing process, not only the protrusions serving as the spacers can be easily formed but also there is no phenomenon such as agglomeration of the spacers, thereby maintaining uniform cell thickness.

 The terms “comprise,” “comprise,” or “have” described above mean that the component may be embedded unless otherwise stated, and thus, other terms are not included. It should be construed that it is possible to include other components rather than to exclude the components. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. Terms commonly used, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted to coincide with the contextual meaning of the related art, and shall not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense unless clearly defined in the present invention.

 The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. This will be possible. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention but to describe the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Industrial Applicability BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-domain liquid crystal display device using a printed electronic method and a method of manufacturing the same.

Claims

[Range of request]

 [Claim 1]

 An upper substrate portion including a common electrode;

 A lower substrate portion including a pixel electrode and facing the upper substrate portion;

 A projection portion forming a gradient electric field when a voltage equal to or greater than a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode and the pixel electrode and positioned between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; A liquid crystal positioned between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion, the liquid crystal having a pretilt angle adjacent to the protrusion portion; And

 A vertical alignment layer covering the protrusion to orient the liquid crystal between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion.

 Multi-domain liquid crystal display device comprising.

[Claim 2]

 An upper substrate portion including a common electrode;

 A lower substrate portion including a pixel electrode and facing the upper substrate portion;

 A protrusion configured to form a gradient electric field when a voltage above a threshold voltage is applied to the common electrode and the pixel electrode and to maintain a cell gap between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion;

 A liquid crystal positioned between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion, the liquid crystal having a pretilt angle adjacent to the protrusion portion; And

 A vertical alignment layer covering the protrusion to orient the liquid crystal between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion.

 Multi-domain liquid crystal display device comprising.

 [Claim 3]

 The method of claim 2,

 The protrusion is formed to cross each of the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion,

 And a protrusion formed in the upper substrate portion and a protrusion formed in the lower substrate portion in an area where the protrusions cross each other.

 [Claim 4]

The method of claim 2, And wherein the protrusion is formed to intersect the upper substrate portion or the lower substrate portion.

 [Claim 5]

 The method of claim 2,

 The protrusion has a dot shape and is formed in the upper substrate portion or the lower substrate portion.

 [Claim 6]

 The method according to claim 1 or 2,

 The projection part comprises a multi-domain liquid crystal display device comprising an acrylate monomer.

 [Claim 7]

 The method according to claim 1 or 2,

 The liquid crystal is a mixture of liquid crystal molecules and photocurable single molecules,

 The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is formed by the polymerized photocurable monomolecule.

 [Claim 8]

 In accordance with claim U or 2,

 The vertical alignment layer includes a photoinitiator and a photocurable single molecule,

 The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is formed by polymerized photocurable monomolecules inside the vertical alignment layer.

 [Claim 9]

 The method of claim 1 or 2,

Wherein the pretilt angle is 80 ^° or more and less than 89.9 ^° with respect to the upper substrate of the upper substrate or the lower substrate of the lower substrate.

 [Claim 10]

 Forming a line-shaped protrusion including an optically reactive material by an ink printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate part including a common electrode and a lower substrate part including a pixel electrode;

 Exposing the projection by irradiating the photoreactive material with ultraviolet rays;

Coating an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer to the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to cover the protrusions; Fabricating a cell by crossing and interposing the protrusions positioned in the upper and lower substrate parts;

 Positioning a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; And

 And applying ultraviolet rays to the bonded cells after applying a voltage to the common electrode and the pixel electrode.

 [Claim 111]

 Forming an intersecting line-shaped protrusion including an optical semi-aperture material by an inkjet printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate part including a common electrode or a lower substrate part including a pixel electrode;

 Exposing the protrusions by irradiating the light semi-active material with ultraviolet rays; Coating an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer to the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion to cover the protrusions;

 Manufacturing a cell by bonding the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; Positioning a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion;

 And applying ultraviolet rays to the bonded cells after applying a voltage to the common electrode and the pixel electrode.

 [Claim 12]

 Forming a dot-shaped protrusion including an optical semi-aperture material by an inkjet printing method or a reverse offset printing method on an upper substrate part including a common electrode or a lower substrate part including a pixel electrode;

 Exposing the projection by irradiating the light semi-active material with ultraviolet rays;

 Coating an upper vertical alignment layer and a lower vertical alignment layer to cover the protrusions on the upper and lower substrates;

 Manufacturing a cell by bonding the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion; Positioning a liquid crystal mixture between the upper substrate portion and the lower substrate portion;

 And applying ultraviolet rays to the bonded cells after applying a voltage to the common electrode and the pixel electrode.

 [Claim 13]

The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, And wherein the protrusion provides a pretilt angle to the liquid crystals positioned around the protrusion to form a multi-domain, and maintains a constant cell gap.

 [Claim 14]

 The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,

 Wherein said liquid crystal mixture comprises a liquid crystal molecule, a photocurable monomolecule and a photoinitiator.

 [Claim 15]

 The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,

 And the vertical alignment layer comprises a photocurable single molecule.