WO2012109818A1 - 一种树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012109818A1 WO2012109818A1 PCT/CN2011/073631 CN2011073631W WO2012109818A1 WO 2012109818 A1 WO2012109818 A1 WO 2012109818A1 CN 2011073631 W CN2011073631 W CN 2011073631W WO 2012109818 A1 WO2012109818 A1 WO 2012109818A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
- C12N9/18—Carboxylic ester hydrolases (3.1.1)
- C12N9/20—Triglyceride splitting, e.g. by means of lipase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/08—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer
- C12N11/082—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite catalyst and a preparation method thereof, and more particularly to a resin-enzyme composite catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
- the enzyme is a highly efficient biocatalyst with the advantages of fast reaction speed, mild conditions, thorough reaction, and specificity to the substrate.
- the enzyme catalyzed reaction has the disadvantages that the enzyme is difficult to recover and reuse, and the reaction conditions (temperature, pH, salinity, etc.) have poor impact ability, easy to be inactivated, and the product is difficult to separate.
- These disadvantages are greatly It limits the direct application of enzymes in the field of biocatalysis.
- scientists began to prepare enzyme-enzyme complex catalysts by immobilizing enzymes, and many reports have been reported so far.
- common enzyme composite catalyst carriers include mesoporous silicon materials, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, chitosan, resins and the like.
- the method uses a chemical bridging method to covalently bond an enzyme molecule with a carrier through a crosslinking agent.
- the commonly used carrier includes a molecular sieve, a resin, etc.
- the prepared composite catalyst generally has a large solid load and a stable structure; The reaction is often intense, the operation is complicated, the degree of reaction is difficult to control, and many enzymes have a very large loss of activity during the immobilization process (Lee CH, Lin TS, Mou CY. Mesporous materials for encapsulating enzymes. Nano Today, 2009, 4: 165-179).
- Another common physical adsorption method has simple fixing conditions and is easy to operate.
- Common carriers include mesoporous silicon materials, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, chitosan, etc., and the prepared composite catalyst has less enzyme activity loss, but the enzyme molecule and The carrier is unstable in binding and is easily leached in the reaction solution.
- Wang YJ et al. using a mesoporous silica material BMS as a carrier, a carrier-enzyme composite prepared by physical adsorption, more than 70% of the enzyme molecules will be dissolved again in solution (Mesoporous silica spheres as supports for enzyme immobilization and encapsulation. Chemistry Of Materials 2005, 17: 953-961 ). How to develop a simple and gentle preparation method to achieve stable stabilization of enzymes has become a technical bottleneck that needs to be overcome when preparing high-performance enzyme composite catalysts.
- the macroporous ion exchange resin has excellent mechanical strength, abundant pore structure, good ion exchange capacity, and has been widely used in water treatment, industrial catalysis, environmental protection, etc. These structural characteristics also make it an excellent carrier.
- Basic conditions of materials In recent years, Professor Pan Bingcai of Nanjing University has used macroporous ion exchange resin as a carrier to pass nano-iron oxide, manganese oxide particles, etc. through internal surface deposition technology. The machine particles are fixed in the resin channel, and a series of organic-inorganic nano-composite adsorbents have been successfully developed, which successfully solved the problem of deep purification of trace pollutants such as heavy metals, arsenic, selenium, phosphorus and antimony in water.
- the composite adsorbent prepared by the composite adsorbent has excellent leaching resistance in solution due to the unique network polycondensation effect of the resin nanopore structure (Pan BJ et al. Development of polymer-based nanosized hydrated ferric oxides (HFOs). For enhanced phosphate removal from water effluents. Water Res.
- the resin is first treated with glutaraldehyde and then mixed with the enzyme solution (Food and Fermentation Industry, 2004) Year 30, Volume 2, 10;); First modify the resin, attach some groups such as chloromethyl, amino or carboxyl groups, and then fix the enzyme to the resin by covalent bonding of these groups with the enzyme molecule ( J Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2003, 78, 891 ; Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2003, 42, 131; Food Chemistry. 2009, 112, 992). It can be seen that these methods have the disadvantages of complicated operation, severe reaction and difficulty in control, large influence on enzyme structure, and serious loss of enzyme activity.
- the agent has little improvement on the stability of the enzyme, and is easily affected by the pH and ionic strength of the solution, so that the enzyme is leached into the solution, so it is also unsuitable for application in the aqueous phase system (Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, 2005, Volume 21, Volume 1) Period, 60).
- the enzyme is fixed to a highly polar macroporous ion exchange resin by a simple impregnation method to obtain a high stability, a composite catalyst which can be applied to an aqueous phase system and excellent in leaching resistance. No public reports have been reported.
- the main methods for preparing a carrier-enzyme complex catalyst include a covalent crosslinking method and a physical adsorption method.
- the composite catalyst prepared by the covalent cross-linking method is relatively stable, but the method is complicated and the enzyme activity loss is large.
- the physical adsorption method is simple in operation, the prepared composite catalyst has poor leaching resistance and low stability.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a macroporous ion exchange resin-enzyme composite catalyst and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method is simple, and the prepared macroporous ion exchange resin-enzyme composite catalyst has large fixation amount and good mechanical strength, and can be applied to The aqueous phase system has excellent leaching resistance and strong stability.
- the macroporous ion exchange resin is used as a carrier material of the enzyme, and the resin-rich pore structure can facilitate the entry of the macromolecular enzyme into the pores, and the charged groups on the surface of the resin can generate electrostatic interaction with the enzyme molecules. Its unique network of nanoporous structures allows the molecular chains of the enzyme to entangle with each other for more stable binding. These factors may provide an important basis for the stabilization and immobilization of enzyme molecules.
- the enzyme molecule is immobilized on the macroporous ion exchange resin carrier by a simple impregnation method, and the preparation is successful. It has a large fixed amount, good mechanical strength, can be applied to the aqueous phase system, has excellent leaching resistance and strong reaction stability. Resin-enzyme complex catalyst.
- the specific enzyme in step (1) is a biological protein having a molecular weight of more than 10 k Daltons, an isoelectric point of ⁇ 5.5 or 8.0, such as laccase, choline oxidase, chloroperoxidase, organophosphorus hydrolase, cells.
- the dye C and the like; the method for selecting the resin carrier in the step (2) is: an enzyme having an isoelectric point of ⁇ 5.5 (such as laccase, choline oxidase, chloroperoxidase, lignin peroxidase, etc.), Select macroporous anion exchange resin as carrier, preferably D201 resin, D301 resin, IRA900 resin; high molecular weight enzyme (such as organophosphorus hydrolase, cytochrome C, etc.) with isoelectric point 8.0, macroporous cation exchange resin As a carrier, preferred
- D001 resin D101 resin, Amberlite 200 resin, Lewatit Sp-210 resin.
- the macroporous ion exchange resin-enzyme composite catalyst provided by the invention and the preparation method thereof have some outstanding advantages compared with the existing carrier-enzyme composite catalyst and the preparation method thereof: (1) Compared with the covalent cross-linking method
- the preparation method provided by the invention is simple in operation, easy to control, and has small loss of enzyme activity; (2) a carrier prepared by physical adsorption method compared to a common carrier such as mesoporous silicon material, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, chitosan, etc.
- the enzyme composite catalyst has excellent leaching resistance performance and high operation stability; (3) hydrogen bonding, compared with non-polar macroporous adsorption resin and weakly basic ion exchange resin
- the carrier-enzyme composite catalyst prepared by Devalli the composite catalyst prepared by the invention has higher stability due to the stronger electrostatic action, and has good hydrophilicity and can be conveniently applied to the aqueous phase system. It has strong leaching resistance over a wide pH range and high ionic strength.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions); at 40 °C After standing for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 40% was decolorized within 24 hours. Under the same conditions, D201 has no decolorization effect on malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- the composite catalyst had a characteristic absorption peak of amide group at 1600 ⁇ 1700, 1220 ⁇ 1330 and 600-700 cm-1 compared with D301.
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, and the maximum loss of enzyme amount was ⁇ 1-10%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with pH 3 ⁇ 7 disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer for 8 days, and its relative enzyme activity was not significantly lost.
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 60% was decolorized within 24 hours. Under the same conditions, D301 did not decolorize malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Pass Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions); at 40 °C After standing for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 55% was decolorized within 24 hours. Under the same conditions, Amberlite IRA900 does not decolorize malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer. The maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-8%. It was shaken at room temperature for 7 days in 1M NaCl solution. The amount of enzyme was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions). ); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added and decolorized by 30% in 24 hours. Under the same conditions, D201 has no decolorization effect on malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- the resin-enzyme composite catalyst was prepared by drying the resin at room temperature. By Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) scanning, it was found that the composite catalyst had a characteristic absorption peak of amide group at 1600 ⁇ 1700, 1220 ⁇ 1330, 600-700 cm" 1 compared with D201.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer.
- the maximum loss of enzyme was ⁇ 1-20%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the loss was The amount of enzyme was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions). ); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 70% was decolorized within 24 hours. Under the same conditions, D201 has no decolorization effect on malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer. The maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-18%. It was shaken at room temperature for 7 days in 1M NaCl solution. The amount of enzyme was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions). ); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 80% was decolorized within 24 h. Under the same conditions, D201 did not decolorize malachite green dyeing. Repeated 25 times, the decolorization rate is not obvious Drop.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer.
- the maximum loss of enzyme was ⁇ 1-20%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the loss was The amount of enzyme was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions). ); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added, and 80% was decolorized within 24 hours. Under the same conditions, D201 has no decolorization effect on malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer.
- the maximum loss of enzyme was ⁇ 1-14%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature.
- the amount of enzyme was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions). ); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added and decolorized by 60% in 24 h. Under the same conditions, D201 did not decolorize malachite green dyeing. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-9%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free lignin peroxidase activity was lost to less than 40% of the initial condition under the same conditions); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free lignin peroxidase had lost about 30% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg complex catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L 2,6-dichlorophenol at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of about 1 mM hydrogen peroxide was added) and degraded >95% in 5 h. Under the same conditions, D201 only removed ⁇ 5% of 2,6-dichlorophenol. After repeated use for 25 times, the degradation rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-13%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (free lignin under the same conditions) Peroxidase activity has been lost to less than 40% of the initial); there is no significant loss of enzyme activity after standing at 40 ° C for 20 h (the free lignin peroxidase has lost about 30% under the same conditions) active).
- a 10 mg complex catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L 2,6-dichlorophenol at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of about 1 mM hydrogen peroxide was added) and degraded >95% in 5 h. Under the same conditions, D201 only removed ⁇ 5% of 2,6-dichlorophenol. After repeated use for 25 times, the degradation rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-7%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free lignin peroxidase activity was lost to less than 40% of the initial condition under the same conditions); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free lignin peroxidase had lost about 30% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg complex catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L 2,6-dichlorophenol at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of about 1 mM hydrogen peroxide was added) and degraded >95% in 5 h. Under the same conditions, D201 only removed ⁇ 5% of 2,6-dichlorophenol. After repeated use for 25 times, the degradation rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material is shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 13 ⁇ 4 5 -1 ⁇ :1 buffer solution.
- the maximum loss of enzyme is ⁇ 1-5 %.
- Shocked at room temperature for 7 days in 1M NaCl solution the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the material was mixed with the disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and the Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and the relative enzyme activity was not significantly lost (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity was lost under the same conditions). Up to 30% of the initial time); After standing at 40 ° C for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of the activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum loss of enzyme amount was ⁇ 1-13%.
- the NaCl solution was shaken at room temperature for 7 days, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7-9 for 8 days.
- the composite material was mixed with the disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and the Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and the relative enzyme activity was not significantly lost (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and 11 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum loss of enzyme amount was ⁇ 1-17%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with the disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and the Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and the relative enzyme activity was not significantly lost (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material is shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 in 13 ⁇ 4 5 -1 ⁇ :1 buffer solution.
- the maximum loss of enzyme is ⁇ 1-6 %.
- shake at room temperature for 7 days, and the amount of enzyme lost is ⁇ 1%.
- the composite is mixed with pH 3 ⁇ 7 disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material is shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum loss of enzyme is ⁇ 1-9%.
- the NaCl solution was shaken at room temperature for 7 days, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3-7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7-9 for 8 days.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material is shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 ⁇ 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 13 ⁇ 4 5 -1 ⁇ :1 buffer solution.
- the maximum loss of enzyme is ⁇ 1-8 %.
- shake at room temperature for 7 days, and the amount of enzyme lost is ⁇ 1%.
- the composite is mixed with pH 3 ⁇ 7 disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and 11 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum loss of enzyme amount was ⁇ 1-4%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with the disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and the Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and the relative enzyme activity was not significantly lost (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- 10 mg of the composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L p-methyl parathion at 35 ° C and degraded by >97% in 2 h. The removal rate of D101 p-methyl parathion was ⁇ 1% under the same conditions. After repeated use for 25 times, the degradation rate did not decrease significantly.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at a pH of 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and a pH 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-7%.
- the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at a pH of 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and a pH 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-5%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- Composite material with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer pH 3 ⁇ 7 and pH 7 ⁇ 9 After mixing for 8 days in Tris-HCl buffer solution, there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity was lost to less than 30% of the initial conditions under the same conditions); the enzyme was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h. There was no significant loss of activity (the organophosphorus hydrolase has lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at a pH of 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and a pH 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-10%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material is at pH 3 ⁇ 7 of disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and pH 7 ⁇ 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution were shaken at room temperature for 7 days, and the maximum loss of enzyme amount was ⁇ 1-7%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at a pH of 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer and a pH 7 to 9 Tris-HCl buffer solution, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-10%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- the resin-surface-catalyzed catalyst was prepared by washing the surface of the resin and then drying the resin at room temperature. By Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) scanning, it was found that the composite catalyst had more amide groups at 1600 ⁇ 1700, 1220 ⁇ 1330 and 600-700 cm- 1 than Lewatit Sp-210.
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the composite material was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer of pH 3 ⁇ 7 and Tris-HCl buffer solution of pH 7 ⁇ 9 for 8 days, and there was no obvious loss of relative enzyme activity (the free organophosphorus hydrolase activity under the same conditions has been The loss was less than 30% of the initial time); there was no significant loss of enzyme activity when it was allowed to stand at 40 ° C for 20 h (the organophosphorus hydrolase had lost about 60% of its activity under the same conditions).
- FT-IR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the material was shaken at room temperature for 7 days at pH 3 to 7 in disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer, and the maximum amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1-9%. In a 1 M NaCl solution, the temperature was shaken for 7 days at room temperature, and the amount of enzyme lost was ⁇ 1%.
- the composite was mixed with disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer at pH 3 ⁇ 7 for 8 days, and there was no significant loss of relative enzyme activity (free laccase activity was lost to less than 50% of the initial condition under the same conditions); at 40 °C After standing for 20 h, there was no significant loss of enzyme activity (free laccase had lost about 40% of activity under the same conditions).
- a 10 mg composite catalyst was stirred with 10 mL of 50 mg/L malachite green dye at 25 ° C (0.08 mL of ImM small molecule mediator 1-hydroxy-benzo-triazole) was added and decolorized by 60% in 24 h. Same condition The next IRA900 does not decolorize the malachite green dye. After repeated use for 25 times, the decolorization rate did not decrease significantly.
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Description
说 明 书 一种树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合催化剂及其制备方法, 更具体的说是一种树脂-酶复合 催化剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
酶是一种高效生物催化剂, 具有反应速度快、 条件温和、 反应彻底、 对底 物具有专一性等优点。但在常见的溶液反应体系中,酶催化反应存在酶难以回收 和反复利用、 抗反应条件 (温度、 pH、 盐度等) 冲击能力差、 易失活、 产物难 以分离等缺点,这些缺点极大地限制了酶在生物催化领域的直接推广应用。为克 服这些缺点, 科学家开始将酶进行固载制备载体-酶复合催化剂, 至今已有诸多 报道。 目前常见的酶复合催化剂载体包括介孔硅材料、活性炭、硅藻土、壳聚糖、 树脂等。
就固定方法而言,应用最多的是共价交联的方法。此方法通过化学桥联法将 酶分子与载体通过交联剂进行共价键联, 常用载体包括分子筛、树脂等, 制得的 复合催化剂一般固载量较大, 结构稳定; 但固定过程中化学反应往往较为激烈, 操作复杂, 反应程度难以控制, 很多酶在固载过程中会有非常大的活性损失 (Lee CH, Lin TS, Mou CY. Mesporous materials for encapsulating enzymes. Nano Today, 2009, 4: 165-179)。 另一种常见的物理吸附法固定条件简单, 易于操作, 常见的 载体包括介孔硅材料、 活性炭、硅藻土、壳聚糖等, 制得的复合催化剂酶活损失 较小, 但酶分子与载体结合不稳定,在反应溶液中易淋失。 Wang YJ等人以介孔 硅材料 BMS为载体,通过物理吸附法制备的载体-酶复合材料,超过 70%的酶分 子会在溶液中再次溶出 ( Mesoporous silica spheres as supports for enzyme immobilization and encapsulation. Chemistry of Materials 2005, 17: 953-961 )。 如何 开发简单、温和的制备方法实现酶的稳定化固载已成为制备高性能酶复合催化剂 时亟需克服的技术瓶颈。
大孔型离子交换树脂具有优良的机械强度、丰富的孔结构、 良好的离子交换 能力, 在水处理、工业催化、环境保护等领域得到了广泛应用, 这些结构特性也 使其具备了优良的载体材料基本条件。近年来,南京大学潘丙才教授课题组以大 孔离子交换树脂作为载体,通过内表面沉积技术将纳米氧化铁、氧化锰颗粒等无
机颗粒固载于树脂孔道内, 研制成功系列有机-无机纳米复合吸附剂, 成功解决 了水体中微量重金属、 砷、 硒、 磷、 锑等多种污染物的深度净化难题。 其所制备 的复合吸附剂由于树脂纳米孔结构特有的网聚限域效应,使其在溶液中具有优良 的抗淋失性能 (Pan BJ et al. Development of polymer-based nanosized hydrated ferric oxides (HFOs) for enhanced phosphate removal from water effluents. Water Res.
2009, 43 : 4421- 4429; 专利公开号 CN101804333A; CN101643289 )0 该课题组 也曾将高分子有机物聚乙烯亚胺 (PEI)通过简单的浸渍法固定于大孔阳离子交换 树脂 D001上并用于铜离子的深度去除, 这一复合吸附材料由于静电作用、 范德 华力及载体与 PEI高分子链之间的空间缠绕等因素,同样具有十分优良的抗淋失 性能,相关成果已发表于国际学术刊物 Environ. Sci. Technol. ( 2010, 44 (9), 3508 ) 上。
目前已有将酶固载于树脂上的报道。报道中大多采用的方法有以下几种: 先 将树脂与酶液混合, 反应一段时间后再用戊二醛进行交联 U Agric. Food. Chem.
2010, 58, 488; 材料导报: 研究篇. 2009年 9月 (下) 23卷第 9期 ,50 ) ; 先将树 脂用戊二醛处理, 然后再与酶液混合 (食品与发酵工业, 2004年 30卷第 2期, 10;); 先对树脂进行修饰, 接上一些氯甲基、 氨基或羧基等基团, 再通过这些基 团与酶分子的共价结合使酶固定到树脂上(J Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2003, 78, 891 ; Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2003, 42, 131; Food Chemistry. 2009, 112, 992)。 可以看出, 这些方法均有操作复杂、 反应剧烈且程度难以控制、 酶结构影 响大、 酶活损失严重等缺点。
除此以外, 也有通过简单吸附法将酶固载于树脂的报道, 这些方法可归纳如 下: 采用疏水性的非极性大孔吸附树脂作为载体通过吸附法固定酶, 此法无论合 成还是应用, 均局限于有机溶剂的体系中, 对水分含量有严格的要求, 限制了其 在水相中的应用 (生物工程学报, 2006年 22卷 1期, 114; 河南工业大学学报
(自然科学版) ,2007年第 28卷 3期, 68 ; 农产品加工 ·学刊, 2010年 3期, 23 ); 在水相中采用大孔吸附树脂为载体, 通过吸附法固定酶, 主要通过氢键、 范德瓦耳力固定酶,此方法树脂极性越强,固定效果越差,难以应用于水相系统, 且对酶稳定性提高较小 (化学工程, 2009年 37卷 4期, 8 ) ; 以树脂二乙胺基乙 基羟乙酯 (DEAE-E/H) 为载体, 主要通过氢键作用固定酶, 其制备的复合催化
剂对酶稳定性的提高较小,且易受溶液 pH及离子强度影响而使酶淋失到溶液中, 因而同样不适宜在水相系统中应用 (化学反应工程与工艺, 2005年 21卷 1期, 60)。 而利用作用较强的静电作用力, 通过简单浸渍法将酶固定到强极性的大孔 离子交换树脂上从而获得高稳定性、可应用于水相系统、抗淋失性能优异的复合 催化剂却尚未见公开报道。
发明内容
1.发明要解决的技术问题
目前制备载体-酶复合催化剂的主要方法包括共价交联法和物理吸附法。 共 价交联法制得的复合催化剂结构较为稳定, 但方法复杂、 酶活损失大; 物理吸附 法虽然操作简单, 但制得的复合催化剂抗淋溶性能差、稳定性不高。本发明的目 的是提供一种大孔离子交换树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法, 该制备方法简单, 制备得到的大孔离子交换树脂 -酶复合催化剂固定量大、 机械强度好、 可应用于 水相系统、 抗淋失性能优异、 稳定性较强。
2. 技术方案
本发明原理: 将大孔型离子交换树脂作为酶的载体材料, 树脂丰富的孔结构 可以方便大分子酶进入其孔道内部,树脂表面的荷电基团可与酶分子之间产生静 电作用力,其特有的网状纳米孔结构可以使酶的分子链与其相互缠绕而进行更加 稳定的结合, 这些因素可能为酶分子的稳定化固载提供重要基础。通过简单的浸 渍法将酶分子固载于大孔离子交换树脂载体上, 制备成功一种固定量大、机械强 度好、 可应有于水相系统的、 抗淋失性能优异、 反应稳定性强的树脂-酶复合催 化剂。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法, 其步骤是:
( 1 ) 将目标酶溶解于 pH值为中性的磷酸缓冲液中得到溶液 A, 其浓度范 围为 0.2-10 mg/mL;
(2) 根据酶分子的等电点, 选择合适的大孔型离子交换树脂作为载体;
(3 )将溶液 A与树脂载体于室温下混合搅拌, 平均每克树脂需要溶液 A的 体积为 10-500 mL;
(4) 取出离子交换树脂, 用 pH值为中性的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再
将树脂阴干得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。
步骤 (1 ) 和步骤 (4) 中的 pH值为中性通常是指 pH=7.0。
步骤(1 )中特定的酶为分子量大于 10 k道尔顿, 等电点≤5.5或^ 8.0的生 物蛋白, 如漆酶、 胆碱氧化酶、 氯过氧化物酶、 有机磷水解酶、 细胞色素 C等; 步骤(2) 中选择树脂载体的方法为: 对等电点≤5.5的酶(如漆酶、 胆碱氧 化酶、 氯过氧化物酶、 木质素过氧化物酶等), 可选择大孔型阴离子交换树脂为 载体, 优选 D201树脂、 D301树脂、 IRA900树脂; 对等电点^ 8.0的高分子酶 (如有机磷水解酶, 细胞色素 C等), 可选择大孔阳离子交换树脂为载体, 优选
D001树脂、 D101树脂、 Amberlite 200树脂、 Lewatit Sp-210树脂。
3.有益效果
本发明提供的大孔离子交换树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法相比于已有的 载体-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法, 具有一些突出的优势: (1 ) 相比于共价交联 法, 本发明提供的制备方法操作简单、 易于控制、 酶活损失小; (2)相比于普通 载体如介孔硅材料、 活性炭、 硅藻土、 壳聚糖等通过物理吸附法制备的载体-酶 复合催化剂, 本发明制备的复合催化剂具有优良的抗淋失性能、较高的操作稳定 性; (3 )相比于非极性大孔吸附树脂及弱碱性离子交换树脂通过氢键、 范德瓦尔 力制备的载体-酶复合催化剂, 本发明制备的复合催化剂由于利用作用更强的静 电作用而具有更高的稳定性, 同时具有很好的亲水性可方便地应用于水相系统, 并可在较宽的 pH范围和较高的离子强度下拥有较强的抗淋失性能。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例 1
将漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4) 溶解于 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液中得到 漆酶溶液, 浓度为 2mg/mL; 取 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201与 20mL漆酶 溶液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h; 而后取出大孔阴离子交换树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸 缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。
通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm 处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该 材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的
酶量为 <1-15%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材 料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同 样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶 活亦无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 40%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 2
基本步骤同实施例 1,具体为:取 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D301,与 20mL 含 2mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出大孔阴离子交换树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。
通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D301相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm-1 处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-10%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合 材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失
(同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 60%。同样条件 下的 D301对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 3
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 Amberlite IRA900, 与 20mL含 2mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的 磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h而后取出大孔阴离子交换树脂用 pH=7.0的 磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过
傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Amberlite IRA900相 比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm-1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收 峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大 损失的酶量为 <1-18%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显 损失(同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失至初始时的 50%以下);在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 55%。同样条件 下的 Amberlite IRA900对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率 没有明显下降。
实施例 4
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 20mL 含 0.5mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-8%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 30%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 5
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 20mL
含 10mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-20%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 70%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 6
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 50mL 含 2mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-18%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 80%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下
降。
实施例 7
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 80mL 含 10mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-20%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 80%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 8
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 80mL 含 5mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-14%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25°C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 60%。同样条件 下的 D201对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显下 降。
实施例 9
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 20mL 含 2mg/mL木质素过氧化物酶 (分子量 40kD, 等电点 3.5 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓 冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂 表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红 外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜 1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天,其最大损失的酶量为 <1-9%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离木质素过氧 化物酶活性已损失至初始时的 40%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下游离木质素过氧化物酶已损失约 30%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L 2,6-二氯酚在 25°C下搅拌(加入 0.08mL 约 ImM的过氧化氢), 在 5h内降解 >95%。 同样条件下的 D201对 2,6-二氯酚仅 去除 <5%。 重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 10
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 50mL 含 2mg/mL木质素过氧化物酶 (分子量 40kD, 等电点 3.5 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓 冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂 表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红 外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜 1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-13%。 在 1M 的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢 二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离木质素
过氧化物酶活性已损失至初始时的 40%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无 明显损失 (同样条件下游离木质素过氧化物酶已损失约 30%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L 2,6-二氯酚在 25°C下搅拌(加入 0.08mL 约 ImM的过氧化氢), 在 5h内降解 >95%。 同样条件下的 D201对 2,6-二氯酚仅 去除 <5%。 重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 11
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 D201, 与 50mL 含 0.5 mg/mL木质素过氧化物酶 (分子量 40kD, 等电点 3.5 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸 缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树 脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换 红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描,发现该复合催化剂与 D201相比,在 1600〜1700、 1220〜 1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天,其最大损失的酶量为 <1-7%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离木质素过氧 化物酶活性已损失至初始时的 40%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下游离木质素过氧化物酶已损失约 30%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L 2,6-二氯酚在 25°C下搅拌(加入 0.08mL 约 ImM的过氧化氢), 在 5h内降解 >95%。 同样条件下的 D201对 2,6-二氯酚仅 去除 <5%。 重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 12
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D001, 与 20mL 含 2 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液 混合,在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D001相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的1¾5-1^:1缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-5%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材
料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损失至初始 时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下有机磷 水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D201对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 13
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D001, 与 50mL 含 2 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液 混合,在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D001相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-13%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合 材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混 合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损失至 初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下有 机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D201对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 14
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D001, 与 50mL 含 0.5 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲 液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表 面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外 光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D001相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜
1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 11 7〜9的1¾5-1^:1缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最 大损失的酶量为<1-7%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液 中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损 失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件 下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D201对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 15
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D001, 与 20mL 含 10 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲 液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表 面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外 光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D001相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜 1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 11 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最 大损失的酶量为<1-17%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天,损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液 中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损 失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件 下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D201对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 16
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D101, 与 20mL 含 2 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液
混合,在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D101相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的1¾5-1^:1缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-6%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材 料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损失至初始 时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下有机磷 水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D101对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 17
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D101, 与 50mL 含 2 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液 混合,在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D101相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-9%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材 料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损失至初始 时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下有机磷 水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D101对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 18
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D101, 与 20mL 含 10mg/mL有机磷水解酶(分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液 混合,在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D101相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm"1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠- 柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的1¾5-1^:1缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失 的酶量为<1-8%。在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材 料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损失至初始 时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下有机磷 水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D101对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 19
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 D101, 与 50mL 含 0.5 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲 液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表 面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外 光谱 (FT-IR) 扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 D101相比, 在 1600〜1700、 1220〜 1330、 600-700 cm—1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸 氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 11 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最 大损失的酶量为<1-4%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液 中混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离有机磷水解酶活性已损 失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件 下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 D101对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 20
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Amberlite 200, 与 20mL含 10mg/mL有机磷水解酶(分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷 酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变 换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Amberlite 200相比, 在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-7%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Amberlite 200对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。 重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 21
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Amberlite 200, 与 20mL含 2mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷 酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变 换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Amberlite 200相比, 在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-5%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的
Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Amberlite 200对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。 重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 22
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Amberlite 200, 与 50mL含 2mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷 酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变 换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Amberlite 200相比, 在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-10%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Amberlite 200对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。 重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 23
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Amberlite 200, 与 50mL含 0.5mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的 磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲 洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶 变换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描,发现该复合催化剂与 Amberlite 200相比,在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH
3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-7%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Amberlite 200对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。 重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 26
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Lewatit Sp-210, 与 20mL含 2mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷 酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变 换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Lewatit Sp-210相比, 在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-10%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Lewatit Sp-210对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 27
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Lewatit Sp-210, 与 50mL含 0.5mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的 磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲
洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶 变换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描,发现该复合催化剂与 Lewatit Sp-210相比,在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-8%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Lewatit Sp-210对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 28
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Lewatit Sp-210, 与 20mL含 10 mg/mL有机磷水解酶 (分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的 磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲 洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶 变换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描,发现该复合催化剂与 Lewatit Sp-210相比,在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-17%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Lewatit Sp-210对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 29
基本步骤同实施例 1, 具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阳离子交换树脂 Lewatit Sp-210, 与 20mL含 5 mg/mL有机磷水解酶(分子量 39kD, 等电点 8.3 )、 pH =7.0 的磷 酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗 树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变 换红外光谱(FT-IR)扫描, 发现该复合催化剂与 Lewatit Sp-210相比, 在 1600〜 1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm— 1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。 该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-9%。 在 1M的 NaCl溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失 的酶量 <1%。 复合材料与 pH3〜7 的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液及 pH 7〜9 的 Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中混合 8 天,其相对酶活无明显损失(同样条件下游离有机磷 水解酶活性已损失至初始时的 30%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显 损失 (同样条件下有机磷水解酶已损失约 60%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L对甲基对硫磷在 35 °C下搅拌, 在 2h 内降解 >97%。 同样条件下的 Lewatit Sp-210对对甲基对硫磷去除率<1%。重复使 用 25次, 降解率没有明显下降。
实施例 30
基本步骤同实施例 1,具体为: 0.20 g 大孔阴离子交换树脂 IRA900,与 30mL 含 2mg/mL漆酶 (分子量 69kD, 等电点 3〜4)、 pH =7.0 的磷酸缓冲液混合, 在室温下搅拌 48 h, 而后取出树脂用 pH=7.0的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将 树脂室温下阴干即制备得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR)扫描,发现该复合催化剂与 IRA900相比,在 1600〜1700、 1220〜1330、 600-700 cm-1处均多出了酰胺基的特征吸收峰。该材料在 pH 3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬酸缓冲液中室温下震荡 7 天, 其最大损失的酶量为 <1-9%。 在 1M的 NaCl 溶液中室温震荡 7天, 损失的酶量 <1%。复合材料与 pH3〜7的磷酸氢二钠 -柠檬 酸缓冲液混合 8 天, 其相对酶活无明显损失 (同样条件下游离漆酶活性已损失 至初始时的 50%以下); 在 40°C下静置 20 h, 其酶活亦无明显损失(同样条件下 游离漆酶已损失约 40%的活性)。
取 10 mg复合催化剂与 10mL 50mg/L孔雀石绿染料在 25 °C下搅拌 (加入 0.08mL ImM的小分子介体 1-羟基 -苯并 -三氮唑),在 24h内脱色 60%。同样条件
下的 IRA900对孔雀石绿染无任何脱色作用。 重复使用 25次, 脱色率没有明显 下降。
Claims
1. 一种树脂-酶复合催化剂及其制备方法, 其步骤为:
( 1 )将目标酶溶解于 pH值为中性的磷酸缓冲液中得到溶液 A, 其浓度范围为 0.2-10 mg/mL;
(2 )根据酶分子的等电点, 选择合适的大孔型离子交换树脂为载体;
( 3 )将溶液 A与大孔型离子交换树脂于室温下混合搅拌, 平均每克树脂需要溶 液 A的体积为 10-500 mL;
(4 )取出大孔型离子交换树脂, 用 pH值为中性的磷酸缓冲液冲洗树脂表面, 再将树脂室温下阴干得到树脂-酶复合催化剂。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征是步骤 (1 ) 中的酶为分子量大于 10 K道尔顿、 等电点≤5.5或≥8.0的生物蛋白。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是步骤(2 )中树脂载体的选择依据 是: 对等电点 的酶, 选择大孔型阴离子交换树脂; 对等电点 ^ 8.0的酶, 选 择大孔型阳离子交换树脂。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的制备方法, 其特征是步骤(2 )中大孔型阴离子交换树 脂为 D201树脂、 D301树脂或 Amberlite IRA900树脂; 大孔型阳离子交换树脂 为 D001树脂、 D101树脂、 Amberlite 200树脂或 Lewatit Sp-210树脂。
5. 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的制备方法, 其特征是步骤 (2) 中等电点≤5.5的 酶为漆酶、 胆碱氧化酶、 氯过氧化物酶或木质素过氧化物酶; 等电点≥8.0的酶 为有机磷水解酶或细胞色素 C。
6. 权利要求 1所述制备方法制备得到的大孔离子交换树脂-酶复合催化剂。
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| JP2009125038A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Gun Ei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 固定化酵素複合体とそれを用いて作った糖液 |
| CN101560511A (zh) * | 2009-05-19 | 2009-10-21 | 江南大学 | 一种以大孔阴离子树脂固定化果糖基转移酶的方法 |
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| JP2009125038A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Gun Ei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 固定化酵素複合体とそれを用いて作った糖液 |
| CN101560511A (zh) * | 2009-05-19 | 2009-10-21 | 江南大学 | 一种以大孔阴离子树脂固定化果糖基转移酶的方法 |
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| WANG, JIA XING: "Immobilized Enzymes and Ion-exchange Resin", TECHNOLOGY OF WATER TREATMENT, vol. 11, no. 4, August 1985 (1985-08-01), pages 2 - 4 * |
| WANG, YAN HUA ET AL.: "Immobilization of Candida sp. Lipase on Resin D301", CHINESE JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 25, no. 12, 25 December 2009 (2009-12-25), pages 2037 - 2040 * |
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