WO2012105099A1

WO2012105099A1 - Rotating apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2012105099A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/075817
Authority: WO
Inventors: 収一佐古田
Original assignee: Sakoda Shuichi
Priority date: 2011-02-03
Filing date: 2011-11-09
Publication date: 2012-08-09
Also published as: JP2012161229A; JP4861522B1

Abstract

Provided is a rotating apparatus (1) comprising: a stator (2) having a structure wherein a plurality of electromagnets (3), which are parallel to each other and arranged so as to have like poles thereof at the same side, are arranged along a circumference centering around a rotation axle (9); a rotor (5) to be arranged at one end or at both ends of the stator (2); and a control unit (8) for controlling the currents that are to be made to flow through the electromagnets. A plurality of magnet pairs (6), each of which comprises a forward magnet (6f) that has a magnetic pole thereof having repulsive force with respect to the magnet poles of the electromagnets (3) face the stator (2) side, and a backward magnet (6r) that has a magnetic pole thereof having attractive force with respect to the magnet poles face the stator (2) side, are provided on the rotor (5). The rotating apparatus (1) is characterized in having the control unit (8) control the currents to the electromagnet (3) such that a current is supplied to an electromagnet (3) when the electromagnet (3) is between a forward magnet (6f) and a backward magnet (6r) of a magnet pair (6), and the current is cut off when the electromagnet (3) is between adjacent magnet pairs (6). A rotating apparatus of the present invention is highly efficient, and has strong torque.

Description

Rotating device

The present invention relates to a rotating device using a direct current, and more particularly to a rotating device having high efficiency and a large torque.

Conventionally, a rotating device using direct current has been widely used as a motor for control because it is generally considered that torque and rotation speed can be easily controlled by changing current and voltage, and that efficiency is higher. Yes.
In such a DC rotating device, an electromagnet is often used as a magnet for a rotor, but in a conventional motor, only one of the two magnetic poles (N pole and S pole) of the electromagnet is used. There is no room for further efficiency improvement. Based on such a viewpoint, a rotating device has been proposed in which an electromagnet is used as a stator magnet and a rotor using a permanent magnet is arranged on both poles of the electromagnet so as to effectively use electric power input to the electromagnet. (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2006-25469 A

However, in the rotating device proposed in Patent Document 1, the direction of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet used in the stator is not uniform, so that there is a limit to the efficiency.
The present inventor has completed the present invention based on the knowledge that the efficiency can be further improved by aligning the direction of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating device with higher efficiency and higher torque by aligning the magnetic poles of the electromagnet.

The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above object, and a first feature of the present invention is that a plurality of electromagnets arranged in parallel with each other and having magnetic poles aligned are arranged on a circumference around a rotation axis. A stator having a structured structure, a rotor disposed at one or both ends of the stator, and a control unit (for example, a commutator) that controls a current flowing through the electromagnet. The rotor has an electromagnet magnetic pole (for example, an N pole). Are provided with a plurality of pairs of magnets (using permanent magnets) consisting of a front magnet with a repulsive magnetic pole (for example, N pole) facing the stator side and a rear magnet with a magnetic pole to be attracted (for example, S pole) directed, The distance between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair (for example, D1 in FIG. 7) is larger than the distance between the adjacent magnet pair and the magnet pair (for example, D2 in FIG. 7), and the front magnet of the magnet pair. And the rear magnet The counter electrode side is bridged by a bridge-like body made of a ferromagnetic material, and the control unit is between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair (including the case where the electromagnet is opposed to the front magnet or the rear magnet). It is energized at some point, and the current is cut off when the electromagnet is between adjacent magnet pairs (eg, between magnet pair 6-1 and magnet pair 6-2 in FIG. 10). In the rotating device that controls the current, the control unit is composed of two commutator equivalent portions (for the A row and B row), and one commutator equivalent portion has one commutator or an equivalent function. The number of electromagnets in the stator is twice the number of magnet pairs consisting of the front magnet and the rear magnet of the rotor, the electromagnet connected to one commutator equivalent part, and the other commutator The electromagnets connected to the corresponding parts are alternately arranged at equal intervals, The commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the one commutator equivalent part are connected in series, and the other commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the other commutator equivalent part are connected in series. When both the electromagnet connected to the commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the other commutator equivalent part are inserted between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair, the commutator equivalent Both of the parts are configured to be a rotating device that is configured to be energized.

The rotating device according to the present invention has high efficiency because the electromagnets are arranged with the magnetic poles aligned.
In addition, the electromagnet contained between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair is energized, a repulsive force is generated between the front magnet and an attractive force is generated between the rear magnet and the driving force ( The driving force is obtained by obtaining the rotational force (hereinafter the same) and cutting off the current of the electromagnet between the adjacent magnet pair (for example, between the magnet pair 6-1 and the magnet pair 6-2 in FIG. 10). Therefore, a large torque can be obtained because no force is generated in the opposite direction.
Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet are reversed for a short time due to the back electromotive force generated when the current is interrupted, but if the power is turned off immediately after the rear magnet passes through the electromagnet, the back side of the electromagnet whose magnetic pole is reversed by the back electromotive force Since the magnet repels and a force in the same direction as the driving force is obtained, the torque of the rotating device is further increased.

By making the distance between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair (for example, D1 in FIG. 7) larger than the distance between the adjacent magnet pair and the magnet pair (for example, D2 in FIG. 7), A plurality of electromagnets enter between the rear magnet and the rotor, and the rotor is driven by the repulsive force and attractive force of the plurality of electromagnets, so that the torque is further increased.
Further, the distance between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair (for example, D1 in FIG. 7) is made larger than the distance between the adjacent magnet pair and the magnet pair (for example, D2 in FIG. 7), and the number of magnet pairs By arranging twice the electromagnets on the stator at equal intervals, at least half of the electromagnets are always between the magnet pairs, so that the engine can be started regardless of the positional relationship between the stator and the rotor, and control is easy.

By bridging the opposite poles of the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair with a bridge-like body made of a ferromagnetic material, the magnetic flux density increases between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the bridged magnet pair. The repulsive force and suction force are increased between and the efficiency.

As the control unit in the present invention, a commutator or an IC driver is suitable.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the rotating device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a magnetic core and an electromagnet formed by winding an electric wire around the magnetic core. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the rotor. FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the electromagnet and the magnet pair and the ON / OFF of the electromagnet. FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the electromagnet and the magnet pair and the ON / OFF of the electromagnet when the time advances from FIG. FIG. 9 is a wiring diagram showing the connection between the control unit and the electromagnet in the stator. 10A is an explanatory view showing the position of the electromagnet with respect to the magnet pair, FIG. 10B is an explanatory view showing a commutator for the A row in the state of FIG. 10A, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows this commutator. FIG. 11A is an explanatory view showing a magnet pair and an electromagnet in a state in which the time has advanced from the case of FIG. 10, and FIG. 11B is an explanatory view showing a row A commutator in the state of FIG. (C) is explanatory drawing which similarly shows the commutator for B rows. FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram showing a magnet pair and an electromagnet in a state in which the time is further advanced than in the case of FIG. 11, and FIG. 12B is an explanatory diagram showing a row A commutator in the state of FIG. And (c) is an explanatory view showing a B-row commutator. FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory view showing a relationship between an electromagnet and a magnet pair in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic explanatory view showing the state of the control unit (commutator) in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for measuring torque when one rotor is used. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a torque measurement method when two rotors are used.

In the rotating device 1 of the present invention, as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4, a plurality of electromagnets 3 arranged parallel to each other and aligned with magnetic poles are arranged on a circumference around a rotating shaft 9. A stator 2 having one structure, a rotor 5 disposed at one or both ends of the stator 2, and a control unit 8 that controls a current flowing through the electromagnet 3. The rotor 5 has a magnetic pole that repels the magnetic pole of the electromagnet 3. Are provided with a plurality of pairs of magnets 6 including a front magnet 6f facing the stator 2 and a rear magnet 6r facing a magnetic pole to be attracted, as shown in FIG. The distance D1 between 6r is larger than the distance D2 between the adjacent magnet pair 6 and the magnet pair 6, and the opposite pole side of the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair is made of a ferromagnetic material. Cross-linked with body 7, FIG. 10 to FIG. 2, the control unit 8 is energized when the electromagnet 3 is between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6, and the electromagnet 3 is between the adjacent magnet pair (for example, FIG. In the rotating device that controls the current so as to cut off the current when it is between the magnet pair 6-1 and the magnet pair 6-2 in FIG. ) Commutator equivalent part, and one commutator equivalent part is one commutator or an IC driver part having the same function, and the number of electromagnets 3 of the stator 2 is the front magnet of the rotor 5. 6f and the number of magnet pairs 6 composed of the rear magnet 6r is twice the number of magnet pairs 6 and the electromagnets 3 connected to one commutator equivalent part 8A and the electromagnets 3 connected to the other commutator equivalent part 8B alternately One commutator equivalent part 8A and the one commutator equivalent part arranged at intervals The connected electromagnets 3 are connected in series, and the other commutator equivalent part 8B and the electromagnet 3 connected to the other commutator equivalent part are connected in series, and the front magnet 6f of the magnet pair and When both the electromagnet 3 connected to one commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet 3 connected to another commutator equivalent part enter between the rear magnets 6r, both the commutator

equivalent parts

8A and 8B are It is configured to be in an energized state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rotating device 1 of the present invention includes a stator 2 provided with a plurality of electromagnets 3 (eight in the illustrated embodiment) and a plurality of pairs of magnets 6 (four in the illustrated embodiment). And a control unit 8 (two commutators (for A row and B row) in the illustrated embodiment).
The stator 2 according to the present invention has a structure in which the electromagnets 3 are arranged on the circumference (circumferential direction) centering on the rotation shaft 9, and two rotors 5 can be installed at each end of the electromagnet 3. Has been. Note that if only the rotating device 1 of the present invention is driven, only one rotor 5 is sufficient, but if two rotors are installed, the power utilization efficiency is higher and the torque becomes larger.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the case where two rotors 5 are used. However, since the same applies to the other end side, the description is omitted in principle in order to avoid complexity.

The electromagnet 3 is arranged on a circumference centered on a bearing through which the rotary shaft 9 of the rotor 5 passes. However, in order to easily control the rotational speed and torque of the rotor 5, it is preferable to make the intervals between the electromagnets 3 equal. .
In the present invention, all the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 3 are aligned. For this reason, the stator 2 is polarized to N and S poles as a whole, and the present invention is configured to attach the rotors 5 and 5 'to the N and S pole portions of the stator 2.

The electromagnet 3 used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is rod-shaped, and for example, all general magnets in which an electric wire is wound around an iron core 4 as shown in FIG. 5 can be suitably used.
In addition, it is preferable to use electromagnetic steel as the iron core 4 because electric energy can be efficiently converted into magnetic energy, and if silicon steel is used as the electromagnetic steel, the cost is low. Preferably, if a silicon steel plate 4 is formed by cutting a silicon steel plate into a rectangular shape and laminating it into a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the electromagnet 3 that generates a strong magnetic force can be obtained at low cost.

For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotor 5 in the present invention includes a plurality of pairs (four pairs in FIG. 6) of a pair of magnets 6 including a front magnet 6 f and a rear magnet 6 r.
In the present invention, the front magnet 6f is a permanent magnet in which the same magnetic pole as the magnetic pole of the stator 2 on the side where the rotor 5 is attached is directed inward (meaning the side facing the stator 2; hereinafter the same). is there. That is, as shown in the figure, the stator 2 of the present invention has two locations where the rotor 5 is attached, one on each side of the stator 2, one of which is the N pole, and the other is the S In the rotor 5 attached to the N pole side of the stator 2, the front magnet 6 f is a permanent magnet with the N pole facing inward, and in the rotor 5 ′ attached to the S pole side of the stator 2. The permanent magnet with the south pole facing inward is the front magnet 6f ′.
In the present invention, the rear magnet 6r is a permanent magnet in which a magnetic pole different from the magnetic pole on the stator 2 side is directed inward. That is, in the rotor 5 attached to the north pole side of the stator 2, the rear magnet 6r is a permanent magnet having the south pole facing inward, and in the rotor attached to the south pole side of the stator 2, the north pole is directed inward. The permanent magnet is the rear magnet 6r.
In the present invention, since the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r function as a pair, they are collectively referred to as a magnet pair 6. Which of the magnet pairs 6 is the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r is determined by the rotation direction of the rotor 5, and the rotation direction is determined by the magnetic poles of the stator 2 to which the rotor 5 is attached. Although the rear magnet 6r cannot be distinguished, in FIG. 6, the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r are shown as the rotor 5 rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow.

In the present invention, when the electromagnet 3 is inserted (positioned) between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6, the electromagnet 3 is energized to exert a magnetic force, and the front magnet of the magnet pair 6 is displayed. The rotor 5 is driven (rotation, the same applies hereinafter) by cutting off the current when the electromagnet 3 is coming out between the 6f and the rear magnet 6r.
That is, as shown in the schematic explanatory diagram of FIG. 7, for example, when focusing on the magnet pair 6-1, if the electromagnet 3A-1 and the electromagnet 3B-2 that are between the front magnet 6f1 and the rear magnet 6r1 are energized, The front magnet 6f1 disposed in front of the electromagnet 3A-1 is pushed forward as shown by an arrow in response to the electromagnet 3A-1. Further, the rear magnet 6r1 disposed behind the electromagnet 3B-2 is attracted by the electromagnet 3B-2 and pulled forward as indicated by an arrow. As a result, the rotor 5 rotates.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the time advances and the rear magnet 6r1 passes the electromagnet 3B-2, the current of the electromagnet 3B-2 that has passed over the rear magnet 6r1 is cut off. By doing so, the rear magnet 6r1 is not attracted to the rear electromagnet 3B-2 and pulled rearward.
Further, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 3 (3B-2 and 3B-8 in FIG. 8) are reversed for a short time due to the counter electromotive force generated when the current is cut off, but immediately after the rear magnet 6r passes the electromagnet 3. If the current is cut off, the electromagnets 3 (3B-2 and 3B-8) whose magnetic poles are reversed by the back electromotive force and the rear magnets 6r (6r1 and 6r4) repel each other to obtain a force in the same direction as the driving force. Is added, and the torque of the rotating device is further increased.

As described above, according to the present invention, the electromagnet 3 (3A-1 and 3B-2 in the example of FIG. 7) energized between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 is energized, and the adjacent magnet pair 6 The energization is controlled so as to cut off the current of the electromagnet 3 (3B-2 in the example of FIG. 10) between the magnet pair 6 (for example, between the magnet pair 6-1 and the magnet pair 6-2 in FIG. 10). However, the number of electromagnets 3 is an integral multiple of the number of magnet pairs 6 (e.g., 4 pairs) (e.g., 8 times 2), and the electromagnets 3 are grouped together every several magnet pairs 6 (e.g., 4). It is convenient and preferable to control the energization.
Specifically, the electromagnets 3 are grouped into several (for example, four) magnet pairs 6 to form A and B columns, and the electromagnets 3 belonging to each column are arranged in order of A, B, A, and B. Arrange at equal intervals and on the circumference. Normally, the magnet pairs 6 are also arranged at equal intervals, so in this way, the positions of the electromagnets 3 in the A row are the same with respect to each magnet pair 6, and the B row is the same. The electromagnet 3 can be controlled collectively for each column.
Further, the distance D1 between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 (for example, the distance between the front magnet 6f1 and the rear magnet 6r1 of the magnet pair 6-1 in FIG. 7) D1, and the adjacent magnet pair 6 and magnet pair 6 (for example, the distance between magnet pair 6-1 and magnet pair 6-2 in FIG. 7) D2 and the number of electromagnets 3 is twice the number of magnet pairs 6, at least each Since any one of the electromagnets 3 in the row always enters between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6, a driving force can be obtained regardless of the positional relationship between the electromagnet 3 and the magnet pair 6.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, if the distance D1 between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 is made larger than the distance D2 between the adjacent magnet pair 6 and the magnet pair 6. In addition, the time during which the electromagnet 3 can be energized can be lengthened, the time during which the current is interrupted can be shortened, and the number of electromagnets 3 that can be energized at the same time increases, so the torque increases accordingly.

Further, as shown in the figure, if the opposite pole sides of the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 are bridged by a bridge-like body 7 made of a ferromagnetic material, the magnetic flux is generated between the bridged front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r. Since the density is increased, the repulsive force and the attractive force with the electromagnet 3 are also increased, and the torque is further increased.
The shape of the bridge-like body is not particularly limited, but a plate-like body having a width enough to cover the upper surfaces of the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 is preferable. Further, the material of the bridge-like body is not particularly limited as long as it is a ferromagnetic material, but it is preferably made of iron in terms of cost.

As described above, in the present invention, the rotor 5 is driven by controlling the energization of the electromagnet 3, and the energization control is performed by the control unit 8.
The control unit 8 that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can energize the electromagnet 3 when the electromagnet 3 is between the magnet pairs 6, and usually two units that interlock with the rotating shaft 9 of the rotor 5. The commutator is used, but an IC driver can also be used. The IC driver has a function of controlling the energization in the same way as the above-described commutator and increasing the voltage as a whole so that the voltage in each electromagnet 3 does not drop when all the electromagnets 3 are energized. Is preferred.

Hereinafter, an example of energization control to the electromagnet 3 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12. 9 is a wiring diagram of the stator 2 used in the rotating device of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. FIGS. 10 to 12 show the positional relationship between the magnet pair 6 and the electromagnet 3, and the control unit 8 at that time. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of (the one commutator equivalent part 8A and the other commutator equivalent part 8B). Further, in FIG. 9, the electromagnets 3 are shown in a vertical line, but this is for the convenience of drawing, and actually, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, they are arranged on the circumference. Needless to say.

In this example, similarly to the above, the rotor 5 is provided with four magnet pairs 6, the stator 2 is provided with eight electromagnets 3, and the electromagnets 3 are coupled with the rotating shaft 9 of the rotor 5. Are controlled by a control unit 8 including commutator-corresponding

portions

8A and 8B.
Specifically, the electromagnets 3 are grouped into an A row and a B row, and the electromagnets 3A in the A row and the electromagnets 3B in the B row are alternately arranged. Further, as schematically shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the installation cycle of the magnet pair 6, the installation cycle of the electromagnet 3A for the A row, and the installation cycle of the electromagnet 3B for the B row are equal to each other. 6, the distance D1 between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r is larger than the distance D3 between the electromagnet 3A for row A and the electromagnet 3B for row B, and the distance D2 between the adjacent magnet pair 6 and magnet pair 6 is the electromagnet 3A. And the distance D3 between the electromagnet 3B.

In such a stator 2 and rotor 5, the positional relationship of the electromagnets 3 A in each A row with respect to each magnet pair 6 changes synchronously, so that four electromagnets 3 A in the A row can be controlled together. The same applies to the electromagnets 3B in the B row, and four can be controlled together. Accordingly, also in this embodiment, all the A-row electromagnets 3A are connected to the A-row commutator equivalent portion 8A, and all the B-row electromagnets 3B are connected to the B-row commutator equivalent portion 8B.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the electromagnet 3A of row A and the electromagnet 3B of row B are each connected in series.

On the other hand, the control unit 8 is composed of one commutator equivalent portion (A row commutator) 8A and another commutator equivalent portion (B row commutator) 8B. As shown in FIGS. The commutator-corresponding

portions

8A and 8B are each composed of a doughnut-shaped conductor 8d and a brush 8b, and four energized portions 8c and four non-energized portions 8n are alternately provided on the surface of the donut-shaped conductor 8d. Further, one commutator equivalent portion (A row commutator) 8A and the other commutator (B row commutator) 8B are attached to the rotary shaft 9 while being shifted from each other by 45 degrees. The donut-shaped conductor 8d and the rotary shaft 9 are insulated to prevent leakage or short circuit.

In this embodiment, the doughnut-shaped conductor 8d is made of metal, and a metal energizing portion 8c and a synthetic resin or rubber non-energizing portion 8n are bonded to the surface thereof. It is sufficient if it can contact the brush 8b to energize the doughnut-shaped conductor 8d, and the non-energized portion 8n only needs to prevent the contact between the brush 8b and the donut-shaped conductor 8d.
For example, a recess provided in a part of the peripheral surface of the doughnut-shaped conductor 8d is a non-energized portion 8n, a portion not provided with a recess is an energized portion 8c, and when the brush 8b is on the non-energized portion 8n, A device that prevents the contact between the brush 8b and the donut-shaped conductor 8d by creating a gap between the donut-shaped conductor 8d can also be used as the commutator 8 in the present invention.

In the rotating apparatus 1 configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 10, the electromagnet 3 between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair 6 (for example, the magnet pair 6-1 in FIG. 10A). The electromagnet 3A-1) between the front magnet 6f1 and the rear magnet 6r1 is energized, and the electromagnet 3 between the adjacent magnet pair 6 and the magnet pair 6 (for example, the magnet pair in FIG. 10A). The current is controlled so that the current of the electromagnet 3B-2) between the rear magnet 6r1 of 6-1 and the front magnet 6f2 of the adjacent magnet pair 6-2 is cut off.
In this case, in one commutator equivalent portion (A row commutator) 8A, the brush 8b is in contact with the energizing portion 8c as shown in FIG. Flows through the A-line electromagnet 3A.
On the other hand, in the other commutator equivalent part (B row commutator) 8B, as shown in FIG. 10C, the brush 8b is in contact with the non-energized part 8n. It is interrupted between the conductors 8d, and no current flows through the B row electromagnets 3B.

When time advances and the front magnet 6f reaches a position facing the electromagnet 3B in the B row as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the brush 8b becomes another commutator equivalent part as shown in FIG. 11 (c). (B row commutator) 8B begins to come into contact with the energizing portion 8c. In FIG. 11C, only the end of the energizing portion 8c is in contact with the end of the brush 8b. However, since the donut-shaped conductor 8d rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, energization is performed from this position. The front magnet 6f starts to repel the B-row electromagnet 3B.
On the other hand, the commutator equivalent part (A row commutator) 8A, as shown in FIG. 11B, is in an energized state because the brush 8b and the energizing part 8c remain in contact with each other, and attracts the rear magnet 6r. ing.

When the time further advances and the rear magnet 6r reaches a position where it crosses over the electromagnet 3A in the A row as shown in FIG. 12 (a), the brush 8b becomes one commutator equivalent portion as shown in FIG. 12 (b). (A row commutator) The current is cut off from the energizing portion 8c of 8A. In FIG. 12B, the end of the energizing portion 8c is in contact with the end of the brush 8b. However, since the donut-shaped conductor 8d rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, energization ends at this position. Thereafter, the attractive force between the rear magnet 6r and the electromagnet 3A is almost lost (because the rear magnet 6r, which is a permanent magnet, attracts an iron core or the like as a ferromagnetic material, it is not completely zero). Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the force opposite to a rotation direction is suppressed.
On the other hand, the other commutator equivalent portion (B row commutator) 8B is in an energized state because the brush 8b and the energizing portion 8c remain in contact as shown in FIG. 12 (c). Therefore, the electromagnet 3B repels the front magnet 6f and attracts the rear magnet 6r to generate a torque in the forward direction.

If the time further advances and the front magnet 6f advances to a position facing the electromagnet 3A in the A row, energization of the electromagnet 3A is started and a strong torque is generated as in the state shown in FIG. The rotating device 1 according to the present embodiment continues to rotate by repeating such an energization control cycle.

The torque of the rotating device 1 of the present invention was measured using an example of the rotating device 1 schematically shown in FIGS. In addition, this invention is not limited to this Example.
The rotating device 1 includes a stator 2 in which eight electromagnets 3 are arranged at equal intervals, and four pairs of magnets 6, and the opposite pole side of the pair of front magnets 6 f and rear magnets 6 r is a ferromagnetic material (iron The rotor 5 is bridged by a bridge-like body 7 made of Although FIG. 13 shows a state in which two rotors 5 are provided on both sides of the stator 2, even one can be driven.
In this rotating device 1, the control unit 8 is an IC driver, but one commutator (A column commutator) 8 A fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotating device 1 and another commutator (B column commutation). Child) Since the function is almost the same as when 8B is used, the following explanation will be made by replacing it with a commutator. Note that the IC driver used in this embodiment is the same as the case where the current flows in either one of the electromagnet 3A for the A row or the electromagnet 3B for the B row even when the current flows in all the electromagnets 3. Has the function of maintaining voltage.
In the control unit 8, when the brush 8b comes into contact with the energizing unit 8c of one commutator equivalent portion (A row commutator) 8A (upper side in FIG. 14A), the electromagnets 3A-1, 3, 5 When the energizing portion 7c and the brush 8b are separated (upper side in FIG. 14 (c)), the energizing is interrupted. Similarly, when the brush 8b comes into contact with the energizing portion 8c of the other commutator equivalent portion (B row commutator) 8B (lower side in FIG. 14C), the electromagnets 3B-2, 4, 6, 8 Is energized, and the energization is interrupted when the energizing portion 8c and the brush 8b are separated (lower side in FIG. 14A).

The rotating device 1 has the following characteristics.
(1) Use both N and S poles of the electromagnet 3;
(2) The right sides of the arranged electromagnets 3 are all aligned with the S pole, and the left sides are all aligned with the N pole.
(3) An odd number from an electromagnet 3 is an A series, and an even number is a B series, and the A series electromagnet 3 and the B series electromagnet 3 are used alternately. Simultaneous use (A series 3A is used when the state of the control unit 8 is FIG. 14 (a), all electromagnets 3 are used simultaneously when (b), and B series 3B is used when (c). Is used),
(4) If the distance between two adjacent electromagnets 3 (that is, A series and B series) is compared with the distance between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r in the pair of magnet pairs 6, the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r. The interval is longer.
Such a rotating device 1 can be easily increased in size. For example, in order to obtain a rotating device 1 having a torque five times that of the present embodiment, the number of electromagnets 3 and magnet pairs 6 is increased five times. That is, it is only necessary that the 20 A series electromagnets 3 A and the 20 B series electromagnets 3 B work alternately by using the rotating device 1 having 40 electromagnets 3 and 20 magnet pairs 6. In this way, a permanent magnet can be used even when the size is increased, and an excessive current does not flow through one electromagnet 3, and an excellent large rotating device 1 with a small amount of heat generation can be obtained.

The torque of the rotating device 1 of the present invention was measured by the method shown in FIGS. That is, one end F of a cypress square T made of wood having a length of 36 cm is attached to the surface of the wooden desk D using a hinge, and the rotary shaft 9 is sandwiched between the desk D and the square T at a position A of 7 cm from the hinge. The rotating device 1 was installed, and a load was applied to the rotating shaft 9 by hanging a weight W from a position A to a position L of 28 cm. The measurement was performed in two ways: a state using only one rotor 5 (FIG. 15) and a state using both rotors (FIG. 16). The power source used to drive the rotating device 1 was 10V1.8A when there was one rotor 5 and 10V1.6A when there were two rotors 5.
As a result, when only one rotor 5 is used, the rotating device 1 stops when the weight W is set to 800 g. However, when both rotors 5 are used, the rotating device does not stop even when the weight W is set to 1600 g. There wasn't.

As described above, the rotating device of the present invention includes a stator having a structure in which a plurality of electromagnets arranged parallel to each other and aligned with magnetic poles are arranged on a circumference around a rotation axis, and one end of the stator or It consists of a rotor arranged at both ends and a control unit that controls the current flowing through the electromagnet. The rotor is composed of a front magnet with the magnetic pole repelling the electromagnet and facing the stator, and a rear magnet with the attracting magnetic pole A plurality of magnet pairs are provided, and the control unit is energized when the electromagnet is between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair, and the electromagnet is between the adjacent magnet pair (for example, FIG. 10). As the rotating device has a higher efficiency and a larger torque, the current is controlled so that the current is cut off when the magnet is between the magnet pair 6-1 and the magnet pair 6-2. , It is those highly useful Te order.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating device 2 Stator 3 Electromagnet 4 Iron core 5 Rotor 6 Magnet pair 6f Front magnet 6r Rear magnet 7 Bridge-like body 8 Control part 8A Commutator equivalent part for A row (one commutator equivalent part)
8B B row commutator equivalent part (other commutator equivalent part)
8b Brush 8d Donut-shaped conductor 8c Energizing part 8n Non-energizing part 9 Rotating shaft D1 Distance between the front magnet 6f and the rear magnet 6r of the magnet pair D2 Distance between the adjacent magnet pair 6 and the magnet pair 6 D3 Electromagnet 3A Distance of electromagnet 3B D Desk T Square material W Weight L Position where weight is suspended A Position where rotary shaft is sandwiched

Claims

A stator having a structure in which a plurality of electromagnets arranged in parallel with each other and arranged with magnetic poles arranged on a circumference around a rotation axis, a rotor arranged at one or both ends of the stator, and a flow through the electromagnet It consists of a control unit that controls the current,
The rotor is provided with a plurality of pairs of magnets consisting of a front magnet with the magnetic pole repelling the magnetic pole of the electromagnet facing the stator side, and a rear magnet with the magnetic pole to be attracted facing.
The distance between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair is larger than the distance between the adjacent magnet pair and the opposite pole side of the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair is made of a ferromagnetic material. Cross-linked with
The controller controls the current so that it is energized when the electromagnet is between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair, and the current is cut off when the electromagnet is between the adjacent magnet pair. In the rotating device
The control unit is composed of two commutator equivalent parts, and one commutator equivalent part is a part of an IC driver having one commutator or an equivalent function,
The number of electromagnets in the stator is twice the number of magnet pairs consisting of the front magnet and the rear magnet of the rotor. The electromagnet connected to one commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the other commutator equivalent part are Alternatingly spaced at equal intervals,
The one commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the one commutator equivalent part are connected in series, and the other commutator equivalent part and the electromagnet connected to the other commutator equivalent part are connected in series. Connected,
When both an electromagnet connected to one commutator equivalent part and an electromagnet connected to another commutator equivalent part enter between the front magnet and the rear magnet of the magnet pair, both commutator equivalent parts A rotating device configured to be in an energized state.