KR101656179B1 - DC Motor - Google Patents

DC Motor Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101656179B1
KR101656179B1 KR1020150036710A KR20150036710A KR101656179B1 KR 101656179 B1 KR101656179 B1 KR 101656179B1 KR 1020150036710 A KR1020150036710 A KR 1020150036710A KR 20150036710 A KR20150036710 A KR 20150036710A KR 101656179 B1 KR101656179 B1 KR 101656179B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
winding
group
windings
winding group
rotor
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KR1020150036710A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
권병일
탄비르야즈단
안소니 리포 토마스
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한양대학교 에리카산학협력단
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Priority to KR1020150036710A priority Critical patent/KR101656179B1/en
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Publication of KR101656179B1 publication Critical patent/KR101656179B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/28—Arrangements for controlling current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/34—Modelling or simulation for control purposes

Abstract

Disclosed is a DC motor. The DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor including permanent magnets and a stator which is prepared on the outside of the rotor and includes a first wire group and a second wire group which provide an attraction force to the permanent magnets and rotate the rotor. To provide the attraction force, the first wire group receives a current for generating a magnetic field. After that, the second wire group can receive a current for generating a magnetic field. So, a demagnetization phenomenon can be minimized.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a DC motor, and more particularly, to a DC motor capable of reducing the thickness of a permanent magnet.

Permanent magnet motors are used in various applications in terms of high power density, low maintenance cost, and high reliability. For example, permanent magnet motors are widely used in various industrial fields, aviation fields, and medical fields.

Among the permanent magnet motors, brushless permanent magnet motors (BLDC) provide usefulness in terms of eliminating friction caused by brushes. Generally, brushless permanent magnet motors have the advantage of simple structure, high reliability, high efficiency, and small torque ripple.

Brushless permanent magnet motors are usually made up of three phase winding groups. In this case, the three-phase brushless permanent magnet motor generates torque through demagnetization process corresponding to magnetization and pushing force corresponding to the pulling force. However, the potato process causes the magnetic field to be uneven, and thus acts as an obstacle to the operation of the electric motor.

Recently, researches are being conducted to minimize the potatoes of the brushless permanent magnet motor. Typically, a thick permanent magnet having a high permeance coefficient is used to prevent the permanent magnet motor from being damaged. However, in this case, as the thickness of the permanent magnet increases, the cost of the permanent magnet corresponding to the rare earth element is greatly increased.

US Patent No. US 4,387,326

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a DC motor which minimizes a potato phenomenon.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a DC motor which minimizes the thickness of a permanent magnet to be used.

Other technical objects to be solved by the present invention are not limited by the technical problems described above, and will be more clearly disclosed by the following description.

A DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor including permanent magnets and a first winding group provided outside the rotor for rotating the rotor by providing a pulling force to the permanent magnets, The second group of windings may be supplied with the magnetic field generating current after the first group of windings is supplied with the magnetic field generating current to provide the pulling force.

In the DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, any one of the first and second winding groups may provide the pulling force. The first group of windings and the second group of windings may provide only a pulling force to the permanent magnets. The stator may be formed in two phases of the first winding group and the second winding group. In the case where the teeth of the first winding group face the permanent magnets, the teeth of the second winding group are spaced apart from the permanent magnets and non- ) Can be confronted. Slots and teeth are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction inside the stator, and the width of the slots and the width of the teeth may be the same. Slots and teeth are alternately disposed in the circumferential direction of the stator, and the width of the permanent magnets may be equal to the width of the teeth. Wherein the slots and the teeth are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator, the widths of the teeth, the slot and the permanent magnet are the same, and the electrical angle of the first winding group and the second winding group boundary is the width . ≪ / RTI > The width of the teeth, the slot and the permanent magnet may be 90 degrees in electrical angle, and the electrical angle of the boundary between the first winding group and the second winding group may be 180 degrees. The first and second winding groups each include a winding, the number of permanent magnets of the rotor, the number of windings of a single winding group, and the number of winding groups may correspond to Equation (1). The number of permanent magnets Nm of the rotor may be 18, the number of turns n1 of the single winding group may be 4, and the number of winding groups n2 may be 2.

Equation 1

Nm = 2n1n2 + n2

(Where Nm is the number of permanent magnets in the rotor, n1 is the number of windings in a single winding group, and n2 is the number of winding groups)

The DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention generates a pulling force by alternating between the first winding group and the second winding group, and when the second winding group is driven after the first winding group is driven, And thus minimize the thickness of the permanent magnet.

1 is a view for explaining a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the DC motor according to the driving of the stator and the rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view for explaining the magnetization and the potato.
4 is a view for explaining a driving principle of a single winding group of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining a relative positional relationship between a stator and a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view for explaining a driving principle of first and second winding groups according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph showing a back electromotive force of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention and a DC motor according to the related art.
FIG. 8A is a graph showing the torque of the DC motor according to the prior art, and FIG. 8B is a graph showing the torque of the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments disclosed herein are provided so that the disclosure can be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

In this specification, when an element is referred to as being on another element, it may be directly formed on another element, or a third element may be interposed therebetween.

Also, while the terms first, second, third, etc. in the various embodiments of the present disclosure are used to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms have only been used to distinguish one component from another. Thus, what is referred to as a first component in any one embodiment may be referred to as a second component in another embodiment. Each embodiment described and exemplified herein also includes its complementary embodiment. Also, in this specification, 'and / or' are used to include at least one of the front and rear components.

The singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is also to be understood that the terms such as " comprises "or" having "are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, Should not be understood to exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements, elements, or combinations thereof. Also, in this specification, the term "connection " is used to include both indirectly connecting and directly connecting a plurality of components.

In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a view for explaining a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the DC motor according to the driving of the stator and the rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a DC motor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a stator 110 and a rotor 130. In addition, the stator 110 may include a plurality of teeth and a plurality of slots, and may include a winding 120 fixed to the teeth. In addition, the rotor 130 may include a permanent magnet 132. Hereinafter, each configuration will be described.

The stator 110 may have a cylindrical shape including a hollow inside. The rotor 130 can be rotated in the axial direction while being drawn into the hollow inside the stator 110. The stator 110 and the rotor 130 may generate torque by the interaction between the windings 120 of the stator 110 and the permanent magnets 132 of the rotor 130. An air gap may be formed between the stator 110 and the rotor 130 so that the rotor 130 rotates with respect to the stator 110.

The stator 110 is provided with a cylindrical hollow to allow the rotor 130 to be inserted therein and a magnetic field is generated inside the stator 110 to provide a magnetic field to the rotor 130 And the like. For example, the stator 110 may include a plurality of teeth and a plurality of slots arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. In this case, the slot may mean a free space between the tooth and the tooth. Windings may be provided on the teeth of the stator 110. Each winding of the stator 110 generates a magnetic field so that the rotor 130 can be rotated.

The windings 120 of the stator 110 may be grouped into a plurality of phases according to a driving mode for providing a magnetic field to the permanent magnet 132 of the rotor 130. [ For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the windings 120 of the stator 110 may form a group with a first winding group and a second winding group.

The rotor 130 may be provided on the inner side of the stator 110, The rotor 130 may include a permanent magnet 132 to generate a magnetic field that interacts with the magnetic field generated from the stator 110. For example, the rotor 130 may include a permanent magnet 132 on the surface of the rotor 130. Alternatively, the rotor 130 may include a permanent magnet 132 embedded in the rotor 130. In addition, the permanent magnet 132 of the rotor 130 may have an arc shape.

According to one embodiment, the first group of windings of the stator 110 and the second group of windings may be configured to provide only a pulling force and a pulling force to the permanent magnets 132 of the rotor 130 . That is, the first winding group and the second winding group only provide a pulling force to the permanent magnet 132 of the rotor 130, thereby eliminating the potato phenomenon that occurs when the pushing force is provided.

In order to rotate the rotor 130 by only the pulling force of the stator 110, a mechanical design related to the arrangement of the stator 110 and the rotor 130, and a mechanical design related to the arrangement of the rotor 130, Control design related to signaling should be done. Hereinafter, the mechanical design requirements will be described and the control design will be described.

With reference to the mechanical design requirements, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the width of the teeth of the stator 110 and the width of the slot may be the same. At this time, the width of the slot may be the same in each winding group. Alternatively, the width of the slot in the one winding group and the other winding group boundary region 118 may be different from the width of the slot in each winding group. Here, the width of the slot in the boundary region 118 may refer to the width between the tooth 114 corresponding to the first winding group and the tooth 116 corresponding to the second winding group neighboring the first winding group. Subsequently, the width of the slot in the boundary region 118 may be wider than the width of the slot in each winding group. More specifically, the slot width in the border region 118 may be twice as wide as the slot width in each winding group. More specifically, the width of the slot in the border region 118 may be two times wider than the width of the slot between the teeth 112 and teeth 114. The width of the permanent magnet 132 may be the same as the width of the teeth of the stator.

According to one embodiment, the width of the slot in the boundary region is 180 degrees electrical angle, the width of each slot in the boundary region is 90 degrees, the width of each tooth is 90 degrees, and the width of each permanent magnet is 90 degrees .

Subsequently, the respective configurations of the stator 110 and the rotor 130 may be provided in accordance with the following equation (1).

Equation 1

2P = 2n1n2 + n2

(2P = Nm is the number of permanent magnets in the rotor, n1 is the number of windings in a single winding group, and n2 is the number of winding groups)

The number of permanent magnets in the rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention is 18, the number of windings in a single winding group is 4, and the number of winding groups is 2.

2, the relative positional relationship between the stator 110 and the rotor 130 is determined by the relative positional relationship between the first winding group of the stator 110 and the permanent magnets 130 of the rotor 130, The second winding group of the stator 110 and the permanent magnet 132 of the rotor 130 may be classified into a second position facing the first winding group 132 and the second winding group of the stator 110, have.

More specifically, in the case of the first position, the value of the first winding group faces the permanent magnet (a), and the slot of the second winding group faces the permanent magnet. That is, the teeth of the second winding group do not face the permanent magnets. Also, in the case of the second position, the value of the second winding group faces the permanent magnet (b), and the slot of the first winding group faces the permanent magnet. That is, the teeth of the first winding group do not face the permanent magnets.

Thus, while the first group of windings provides the force to pull the rotor, the second group of windings is in the off-state, and the second group of windings provides the force to pull the rotor, The first group of windings may be in the off state.

Hereinafter, a control design requirement of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

Fig. 3 is a view for explaining the magnetization and the potato.

Fig. 3 (a) is a view for explaining magnetization, and Fig. 3 (b) is a view for explaining a potato.

Referring to FIG. 3 (a), magnetization is a process in which the permanent magnet of the rotor increases the magnetic field inside the stator winding. Conversely, referring to FIG. 3 (b), a potato can refer to a process in which the permanent magnet of the rotor reduces the magnetic field inside the stator winding.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a driving principle of a single winding group of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a relative positional relationship between a stator and a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention. to be.

For convenience of explanation, the first winding group among the first winding group and the second winding group will be described as an example.

Referring to Fig. 5, the relative positions of the permanent magnets with respect to one winding of the first winding group can be classified into sections?,?,?, And?. The section (1) assumes a section where the permanent magnet having the first pole approaches the winding and the winding and the permanent magnet face each other. The section (2) assumes a section where the permanent magnet facing the winding moves away. A section where the permanent magnet having the second pole approaches and the winding and the permanent magnet face each other is assumed, and the section ④ assumes a section where the permanent magnet facing the winding is moved away.

Referring again to FIG. 4, in the case of section ①, the absolute value of the flux linkage increases as the permanent magnet and the winding approach each other. In this case, when a current is applied to the winding, the magnetic field of the winding forms a force for pulling the permanent magnet, so that a torque T is generated. In the case of section (2), the absolute value in the rotor is decreased as the permanent magnet and the winding are separated from each other. In this case, no torque is generated by not applying current to the windings. Continuously, if it corresponds to the interval ③, the absolute value of the flux linker increases as the permanent magnet having the other pole comes closer to the winding. In this case, when a current is applied to the winding, the magnetic field of the winding forms a force for pulling the permanent magnet, and therefore torque is generated. In the case of the section ④, the absolute value in the rotor is decreased as the permanent magnet and the winding are separated from each other. In this case, no torque is generated by not applying current to the windings.

As described above with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the windings of the first winding group can provide a pulling force to the permanent magnets in the sections 1 and 3. Hereinafter, the driving principle of the first winding group and the second winding group will be described together with reference to FIG.

6 is a view for explaining a driving principle of first and second winding groups according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the first winding group and the second winding group can be complementarily supplied with current. The application of the complementary current means that the second winding group is supplied with the magnetic field generating current after the first winding group is supplied with the magnetic field generating current to provide the pulling force. In another aspect, it is meant that any one of the first group of windings and the second group of windings provides the pulling force.

More specifically, in the case of the section 1), by applying a current to the first winding group, a pulling force is given to the permanent magnet, and no current is applied to the second winding group. Therefore, the torque of the rotor is generated by the pulling force of the first winding group. When the current is applied to the first winding group, the current is applied to the second winding group after the application of the current to the first winding group, thereby providing a pulling force for the permanent magnet, have. The section ③ corresponds to the section ① and the section ④ corresponds to the section ②, so a detailed description will be omitted.

As a result, the torque of the rotor is generated by the pulling force of the first group of windings, and thereafter the cycle caused by the pulling force by the second group of windings can be repeated. That is, the first winding group and the second winding group can provide a pulling force at an electrical angle of 90 degrees.

Therefore, the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention meets the mechanical design requirements and the control design requirements, so that the DC motor can be driven only by the pulling force, thereby eliminating the potato phenomenon. Further, according to the mechanical design requirement, according to the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention, even when the first winding group and the second winding group alternately provide the pulling force, the pulling force by the first winding group And the pulling force by the second winding group can be uniformly provided.

Hereinafter, the performance of the DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention and the DC motor according to the related art will be compared. In this case, the DC motor according to the related art is a three-phase DC motor.

Table 1 below is a design model of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention and a DC motor according to the related art.

Design Specification The DC motor according to the present invention The DC motor according to the prior art Slot / pole 16/18 18/16 Air gap length 0.7 Stack length 90 Air gap diameter 78 Outside diameter 138.5 NdFeB Magnet Br, HC 1.14 T, 868 kA / m Core material S18 Magnet Thickness 1.5 6

Referring to Table 1, the DC motor according to one embodiment of the present invention used for performance comparison and the DC motor according to the related art are the same in stator outer diameter, stack length, air gap length, and the like. However, a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a magnet thinner than a DC motor according to the related art.

7 is a graph showing a back electromotive force of a DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention and a DC motor according to the related art.

Referring to FIG. 7, the rms of the counter electromotive force of the DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention and the DC motor according to the related art has substantially the same value. However, the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention is interpreted as showing a somewhat different waveform according to the design of the slot.

FIG. 8A is a graph showing the torque of the DC motor according to the prior art, and FIG. 8B is a graph showing the torque of the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figs. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the average torque of the two DC motors is approximately equal to 6.33 Nm.

The DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention described above and the DC motor according to the related art show no significant difference in terms of performance. Therefore, the DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention can provide the effect of reducing the thickness of the permanent magnet.

The DC motor according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a field of application of a three-phase DC motor, for example, an industrial device such as a pump, a fan, a space industry, and a medical device.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It will also be appreciated that many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

100: DC motor 110: Stator
130: rotor 132: permanent magnet

Claims (11)

A rotor including permanent magnets; And
A stator including a first group of windings formed of a plurality of windings and a second group of windings formed of a plurality of windings provided on the outer side of the rotor to provide a pulling force to the permanent magnets to rotate the rotor Including,
Wherein the winding of the first winding group is supplied with a current of a predetermined magnitude during the first section in which the permanent magnets are brought close to the windings of the first winding group in order to provide the pulling force, A current is not applied during a second period in which the permanent magnet is away from the windings of the first winding group, a winding of the second winding group is supplied with a current of a predetermined magnitude during the second section, DC motor not subject to current. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a selected one of the first group of windings and the second group of windings provides the pulling force. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first group of windings and the second group of windings provide only a pulling force to the permanent magnets. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the stator comprises two phases of the first winding group and the second winding group. The method according to claim 1,
In the case where the teeth of the first winding group face the permanent magnets, the teeth of the second winding group are spaced apart from the permanent magnets and non- ) Facing DC motor. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a slot and a tooth are alternately disposed in the circumferential direction of the stator, and the width of the slot and the width of the slot are the same. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a slot and a tooth are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction inside the stator, and a width of the permanent magnet is equal to a width of the tooth. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the slots and the teeth are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator, the widths of the teeth, the slot and the permanent magnet are the same, and the electrical angle of the first winding group and the second winding group boundary is the width DC motor. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein a width of the teeth, the slot and the permanent magnet are 90 degrees in electrical angle, and an electrical angle of a boundary between the first winding group and the second winding group is 180 degrees. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first and second winding groups each comprise a winding, the number of permanent magnets of the rotor, the number of windings of a single winding group, and the number of windings group satisfy the equation (1).
Equation 1
Nm = 2n1n2 + n2
(Where Nm is the number of permanent magnets in the rotor, n1 is the number of windings in a single winding group, and n2 is the number of winding groups) 11. The method of claim 10,
(Nm) of the rotor is 18, the number of windings (n1) of the single winding group is 4, and the number of winding groups (n2) is 2.
KR1020150036710A 2015-03-17 2015-03-17 DC Motor KR101656179B1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007174885A (en) * 2005-11-24 2007-07-05 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Rotor of synchronous motor
JP2013090531A (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-05-13 Denso Corp Double stator type motor
KR20140036362A (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-26 삼성전자주식회사 Motor and washing machine having the same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007174885A (en) * 2005-11-24 2007-07-05 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Rotor of synchronous motor
JP2013090531A (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-05-13 Denso Corp Double stator type motor
KR20140036362A (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-03-26 삼성전자주식회사 Motor and washing machine having the same

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
미국 특허 등록 번호 US 4,387,326
조문량 외 2인. 높은 토크 밀도를 위한 새로운 구조의 2상 이중 고정자 영구자석형 기기의 설계 및 해석. 2014년도 대한전기학회 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문회 춘계학술대회 논문집. 대한전기학회. 2014년 4월 24일 공개* *

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