WO2012104130A1 - Peelable adapter element - Google Patents

Peelable adapter element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012104130A1
WO2012104130A1 PCT/EP2012/050526 EP2012050526W WO2012104130A1 WO 2012104130 A1 WO2012104130 A1 WO 2012104130A1 EP 2012050526 W EP2012050526 W EP 2012050526W WO 2012104130 A1 WO2012104130 A1 WO 2012104130A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adapter element
films
element according
metal films
core body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/050526
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ralf Gevers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations GmbH filed Critical Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority to US13/982,914 priority Critical patent/US20140154447A1/en
Publication of WO2012104130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012104130A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/08—Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
    • F16B43/001—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts for sealing or insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0216—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread the position of the plates to be connected being adjustable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/14—Layer or component removable to expose adhesive
    • Y10T428/1438—Metal containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/14—Layer or component removable to expose adhesive
    • Y10T428/1438—Metal containing
    • Y10T428/1443—Aluminum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a peelable adapter element for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances according to the introductory clause of claim 1.
  • Adapter elements for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances are known as gap fillers, washers, spacers and the like, and are routinely used in assembly. Basically known are adapter elements with prescribed, invariable external dimensions and adapter elements with reducible external dimensions. The latter often consist of a stack of films with a plurality of individually detachable films, thereby permitting use given a plurality of assembly and/or component tolerances. The maximum external dimensions are determined by the number of films, wherein the corresponding number of films is removed to set individual, maximum external dimensions or a required overall height or overall thickness. European Patent EP 1 284 224 Bl depicts such an adapter element, hereinafter referred to as a peelable adapter element.
  • the latter has a plurality of plastic films combined to form a stack of films, and exhibits a correspondingly low weight.
  • the films must be soft enough or exhibit a high enough elasticity to be peeled, so that this adapter element is only conditionally pressure and temperature resistant. Due to their high elasticity, the plastic films are also subject to high mechanical wear, and exhibit a low chemical resistance .
  • European patent EP 0 667 233 Bl discloses an alternative peelable adapter element.
  • the latter has a core body made of plastic, and at least one stack of films comprised of a plurality of metal films, which is detachably bound to the core body. While the metal films do improve resistance to mechanical wear and chemical resistance, this adapter element is also only conditionally pressure and temperature resistant .
  • EP 2 248 661 Al is a peelable adapter element, in which the stack of films consists of a plurality of plastic films that exhibit differing physical properties, such as electrical conductivity .
  • the object of the invention is to provide a peelable adapter element to balance out assembly and/or component tolerances, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages, and in particular exhibits a high compressive strength and an improved temperature resistance .
  • a peelable adapter element according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances has a core body to define a minimum dimension, and at least one stack of films bound to the core body to define a maximum dimension, which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films detachably joined together by a respective binder film.
  • the core body is designed as a plastic matrix with integrated fiber reinforcement. Due to the fiber reinforcement, such an adapter element exhibits a compressive strength elevated by approx. twofold in comparison with the known adapter elements, using the same plastic. An improved temperature resistance can also be observed, for example, thereby enabling use at temperatures starting at approx. 80°C without having to be concerned about any elastic or plastic deformation of the adapter element.
  • the adapter element is weight-optimized and correspondingly light.
  • the metal films also increase the chemical resistance and ability to withstand mechanical wear.
  • the fiber reinforcement consists of a single-ply or multi-ply matt, woven, and knitted fabric, individual freely distributed fibers and the like from a plurality of carbon fibers, glass fibers, textile fibers and/or natural fibers.
  • the fiber orientation depends in particular on the load direction.
  • the plastic used for manufacturing the matrix is especially a duroplastic or thermoplastic.
  • the matrix can consist of an epoxy resin.
  • the fibers in one exemplary embodiment are completely enveloped by the plastic. They are arranged in the matrix in such a way that the matrix exhibits a lateral region completely free of fibers.
  • One exemplary embodiment that is easy to fabricate from a production standpoint uses conventionally manufactured, i.e., machined outer contours, in which the fibers at least occasionally also exit the matrix from the side .
  • the material or material alloy of metal films depends primarily on where the adapter element is being used.
  • the metal films In mobile applications, in particular in aerospace, it is advantageous for the metal films to be made out of a light material, such as aluminum or titanium.
  • titanium also has the advantage that no corrosion arises during contact with carbon fibers, so that even if a carbon fiber exits on the side, corrosion to the metal film directly bound to the core material (core-proximate metal film) is precluded, and the adapter element cannot be weakened.
  • the metal films can also be fabricated out of a stainless steel. This solution is especially suitable for use in stationary applications, and relatively cost-effective based on the selected material.
  • the films exhibit a uniform height.
  • the required maximum dimension can be set by simply counting off the films to be removed.
  • a stack of films is situated on either side of the core body, so that, by comparison to the exemplary embodiment with only one stack of films, this exemplary embodiment makes it possible to balance out higher assembly and/or component tolerances, and is very flexible to use.
  • the metal films of both stacks of films exhibit a uniform height, making it easy to set the required maximum dimension.
  • the metal films in one stack of films have a different height than the metal films in the other stack of films.
  • the stacks of film can basically exhibit a uniform number of metal films, or a different number of metal films.
  • the metal films in the one stack of films consist of another material than the metal films in the other stack of films.
  • the materials within the stack of films can vary, so that individual metal films serve as a quasi insulator.
  • the core body is provided with fiber reinforcement consisting of carbon fibers in one embodiment, wherein at least the core-proximate metal film consists of titanium, and the core-remote metal films consist of a more cost- effective metal material, so as to prevent contact corrosion on the metal films in cases where carbon fibers exit from the side.
  • the films be made out of a plastic with respectively integrated fiber reinforcement, making it possible to further reduce the overall weight of the adapter element while retaining a high compressive strength and improved temperature resistance.
  • Metal films can also be combined with fiber-reinforced plastic films, wherein in particular the plastic films serve as a quasi insulator.
  • the core body can exhibit fiber reinforcement comprised of carbon fibers, wherein at least the core-proximate plastic film is reinforced with glass fibers to prevent contact corrosion of the metal films given carbon fibers exiting from the side.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a peelable adapter element according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of an adapter element according to the invention .
  • Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an adapter element 1 according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances with a variable external geometry. It has a rectangular outer contour, with a width b, a length 1 and a reducible overall height h. It consists of a core body 2 and stack of films 4, which are peelably joined together and define the overall height h. Of course, other geometric bodies are also conceivable, e.g., cylinders with a full cross section or hollow cross section .
  • the core body 2 exhibits a matrix 6 consisting of a plastic with integrated fiber reinforcement 8, and has a height hk that defines a minimum dimension.
  • matrix materials include thermoplastics or duroplastics , such as epoxy resins.
  • the fiber reinforcement 8 depicted in a graphically highly simplified form is used in particular to achieve a high compressive strength, and preferably a woven fabric consisting of a plurality of fibers, e.g., carbon or glass fibers.
  • the core body 2 is a carbon or glass fiber-reinforced plastic composite (CFK or GFK) .
  • the core body 2 is preferably manufactured by providing a dry fiber material as the fiber reinforcement 8, followed by embedding into the matrix material and concluding with consolidation or compaction and curing (duroplastic matrix) or setting (thermoplastic matrix) .
  • the stack of films 4 has a height hsl and consists of a plurality of metal films 10, which are adhesively bonded to each other via a binding agent with a low peeling strength, and can be individually removed to set a required maximum dimension. Due to their material, the metal films 10 in particular exhibit a high chemical resistance, and a low mechanical wear. Preferred materials for the metal films 10 are titanium or stainless steel or corresponding light metal alloys, such as aluminum. However, more cost- effective metals are also used, depending on the type of application .
  • Fig. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a peelable adapter element 1 according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances with a width b, a length 1 and a reducible overall height h.
  • the latter has a stack of films 4, 12 with an identical number of peelable metal films 10, 14 on either side of a core body 2 having a fiber-reinforced plastic matrix 6.
  • the material or stock comprising the core body 2 and metal films 10, 14 in this exemplary embodiment are each identical with the materials of the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1.
  • the overall height h or maximum dimension of the adapter element 1 is defined via the sum of individual heights hsl and hs2 of the stack of films 4 and 12 with the height hk of the core body 2.
  • the films 10, 14 can alternatively also exhibit varying heights hfl, hf2 to achieve a finer gradation, so that hfl ⁇ hf2 applies.
  • a peelable adapter element for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances is disclosed, with a core body to define a minimum dimension and at least one stack of films bound to the core body to define a maximum dimension, which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films detachably joined with each other by a respective binder film, wherein the core body is designed as a plastic matrix with integrated fiber reinforcement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A peelable adapter element for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances is disclosed, with a core body to define a minimum dimension and at least one stack of films bound to the core body to define a maximum dimension, which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films detachably joined with each other by a respective binder film, wherein the core body is designed as a plastic matrix with integrated fiber reinforcement.

Description

Specification
Peelable Adapter Element
The invention relates to a peelable adapter element for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances according to the introductory clause of claim 1.
Adapter elements for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances are known as gap fillers, washers, spacers and the like, and are routinely used in assembly. Basically known are adapter elements with prescribed, invariable external dimensions and adapter elements with reducible external dimensions. The latter often consist of a stack of films with a plurality of individually detachable films, thereby permitting use given a plurality of assembly and/or component tolerances. The maximum external dimensions are determined by the number of films, wherein the corresponding number of films is removed to set individual, maximum external dimensions or a required overall height or overall thickness. European Patent EP 1 284 224 Bl depicts such an adapter element, hereinafter referred to as a peelable adapter element. The latter has a plurality of plastic films combined to form a stack of films, and exhibits a correspondingly low weight. However, the films must be soft enough or exhibit a high enough elasticity to be peeled, so that this adapter element is only conditionally pressure and temperature resistant. Due to their high elasticity, the plastic films are also subject to high mechanical wear, and exhibit a low chemical resistance .
European patent EP 0 667 233 Bl discloses an alternative peelable adapter element. The latter has a core body made of plastic, and at least one stack of films comprised of a plurality of metal films, which is detachably bound to the core body. While the metal films do improve resistance to mechanical wear and chemical resistance, this adapter element is also only conditionally pressure and temperature resistant .
Additionally known from European application EP 2 248 661 Al is a peelable adapter element, in which the stack of films consists of a plurality of plastic films that exhibit differing physical properties, such as electrical conductivity .
The object of the invention is to provide a peelable adapter element to balance out assembly and/or component tolerances, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages, and in particular exhibits a high compressive strength and an improved temperature resistance .
This object is achieved by means of an adapter element with variable external geometry or height having the features in claim 1.
A peelable adapter element according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances has a core body to define a minimum dimension, and at least one stack of films bound to the core body to define a maximum dimension, which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films detachably joined together by a respective binder film. According to the invention, the core body is designed as a plastic matrix with integrated fiber reinforcement. Due to the fiber reinforcement, such an adapter element exhibits a compressive strength elevated by approx. twofold in comparison with the known adapter elements, using the same plastic. An improved temperature resistance can also be observed, for example, thereby enabling use at temperatures starting at approx. 80°C without having to be concerned about any elastic or plastic deformation of the adapter element. In addition, the adapter element is weight-optimized and correspondingly light. The metal films also increase the chemical resistance and ability to withstand mechanical wear.
In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the fiber reinforcement consists of a single-ply or multi-ply matt, woven, and knitted fabric, individual freely distributed fibers and the like from a plurality of carbon fibers, glass fibers, textile fibers and/or natural fibers. The fiber orientation depends in particular on the load direction. The plastic used for manufacturing the matrix is especially a duroplastic or thermoplastic. For example, the matrix can consist of an epoxy resin.
For example, in order to be able to freely select the film material when using carbon fibers, the fibers in one exemplary embodiment are completely enveloped by the plastic. They are arranged in the matrix in such a way that the matrix exhibits a lateral region completely free of fibers. One exemplary embodiment that is easy to fabricate from a production standpoint uses conventionally manufactured, i.e., machined outer contours, in which the fibers at least occasionally also exit the matrix from the side .
The material or material alloy of metal films depends primarily on where the adapter element is being used. In mobile applications, in particular in aerospace, it is advantageous for the metal films to be made out of a light material, such as aluminum or titanium. In particular titanium also has the advantage that no corrosion arises during contact with carbon fibers, so that even if a carbon fiber exits on the side, corrosion to the metal film directly bound to the core material (core-proximate metal film) is precluded, and the adapter element cannot be weakened. Alternatively, the metal films can also be fabricated out of a stainless steel. This solution is especially suitable for use in stationary applications, and relatively cost-effective based on the selected material.
In one exemplary embodiment, the films exhibit a uniform height. As a result, the required maximum dimension can be set by simply counting off the films to be removed.
In another exemplary embodiment, a stack of films is situated on either side of the core body, so that, by comparison to the exemplary embodiment with only one stack of films, this exemplary embodiment makes it possible to balance out higher assembly and/or component tolerances, and is very flexible to use.
In one variant, the metal films of both stacks of films exhibit a uniform height, making it easy to set the required maximum dimension.
In another variant, the metal films in one stack of films have a different height than the metal films in the other stack of films. This solution provides for quasi- intermediate dimensions, making it possible to finely adjust the required maximum dimension, so that the assembly and/or component tolerances can be optimally evened out.
The stacks of film can basically exhibit a uniform number of metal films, or a different number of metal films.
In one exemplary embodiment, the metal films in the one stack of films consist of another material than the metal films in the other stack of films. In like manner, the materials within the stack of films can vary, so that individual metal films serve as a quasi insulator. For example, the core body is provided with fiber reinforcement consisting of carbon fibers in one embodiment, wherein at least the core-proximate metal film consists of titanium, and the core-remote metal films consist of a more cost- effective metal material, so as to prevent contact corrosion on the metal films in cases where carbon fibers exit from the side.
Other advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention are the subject of additional subclaims.
It is also conceivable that the films be made out of a plastic with respectively integrated fiber reinforcement, making it possible to further reduce the overall weight of the adapter element while retaining a high compressive strength and improved temperature resistance. Metal films can also be combined with fiber-reinforced plastic films, wherein in particular the plastic films serve as a quasi insulator. For example, the core body can exhibit fiber reinforcement comprised of carbon fibers, wherein at least the core-proximate plastic film is reinforced with glass fibers to prevent contact corrosion of the metal films given carbon fibers exiting from the side.
Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in greater detail below based on diagrammatic views. Shown on:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a peelable adapter element according to the invention, and
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of an adapter element according to the invention .
Identical structural elements on the figures bear the same reference numbers, wherein only a few of the elements are provided with a reference number in the respective figure for reasons of clarity. Fig. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an adapter element 1 according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances with a variable external geometry. It has a rectangular outer contour, with a width b, a length 1 and a reducible overall height h. It consists of a core body 2 and stack of films 4, which are peelably joined together and define the overall height h. Of course, other geometric bodies are also conceivable, e.g., cylinders with a full cross section or hollow cross section .
The core body 2 exhibits a matrix 6 consisting of a plastic with integrated fiber reinforcement 8, and has a height hk that defines a minimum dimension. Examples for matrix materials include thermoplastics or duroplastics , such as epoxy resins. The fiber reinforcement 8 depicted in a graphically highly simplified form is used in particular to achieve a high compressive strength, and preferably a woven fabric consisting of a plurality of fibers, e.g., carbon or glass fibers. As a consequence, the core body 2 is a carbon or glass fiber-reinforced plastic composite (CFK or GFK) .
The core body 2 is preferably manufactured by providing a dry fiber material as the fiber reinforcement 8, followed by embedding into the matrix material and concluding with consolidation or compaction and curing (duroplastic matrix) or setting (thermoplastic matrix) .
The stack of films 4 has a height hsl and consists of a plurality of metal films 10, which are adhesively bonded to each other via a binding agent with a low peeling strength, and can be individually removed to set a required maximum dimension. Due to their material, the metal films 10 in particular exhibit a high chemical resistance, and a low mechanical wear. Preferred materials for the metal films 10 are titanium or stainless steel or corresponding light metal alloys, such as aluminum. However, more cost- effective metals are also used, depending on the type of application .
Fig. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a peelable adapter element 1 according to the invention for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances with a width b, a length 1 and a reducible overall height h. As opposed to the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1 described above, the latter has a stack of films 4, 12 with an identical number of peelable metal films 10, 14 on either side of a core body 2 having a fiber-reinforced plastic matrix 6. The material or stock comprising the core body 2 and metal films 10, 14 in this exemplary embodiment are each identical with the materials of the first exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1.
The overall height h or maximum dimension of the adapter element 1 is defined via the sum of individual heights hsl and hs2 of the stack of films 4 and 12 with the height hk of the core body 2. The respective height hsl, hs2 of the stack of films 4, 12 is here respectively determined by the number of metal films 10, 14 that have not been peeled off. The latter each exhibit a constant height hfl, hf2 at least inside of the stack, wherein hfl = hf2 holds true. However, the films 10, 14 can alternatively also exhibit varying heights hfl, hf2 to achieve a finer gradation, so that hfl ≠ hf2 applies.
A peelable adapter element for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances is disclosed, with a core body to define a minimum dimension and at least one stack of films bound to the core body to define a maximum dimension, which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films detachably joined with each other by a respective binder film, wherein the core body is designed as a plastic matrix with integrated fiber reinforcement. Reference List
1 Adapter element
2 Core body
4 Stack of films
6 Matrix
8 Fiber reinforcement
10 Metal film
12 Stack of films
14 Metal film
b Width
1 Length
h Overall height (maximum dimension) hk Height, core body (minimum dimension) hsl Height, first stack of films
hf1 Height, film of first stack of films hs2 Height, second stack of films
hf2 Height, film of second stack of films

Claims

1. A peelable adapter element (1) for balancing out assembly and/or component tolerances, with a core body (2) to define a minimum dimension (hk) and at least one stack of films (4, 12) bound to the core body (2) to define a maximum dimension (h) , which exhibits a plurality of peelable metal films (10, 14) joined together by a respective binder film, characterized in that the core body (2) is designed as a plastic matrix (6) with integrated fiber reinforcement (8) .
2. The adapter element according to claim 1, wherein the fiber reinforcement (8) exhibits carbon fibers, glass fibers, textile fibers and/or natural fibers.
3. The adapter element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber reinforcement (8) is completely incorporated into the matrix (6) .
4. The adapter element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the metal films (10, 14) are based on a light metal material such as aluminum or titanium.
5. The adapter element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the metal films (10, 14) are fabricated out of a stainless steel.
6. The adapter element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal films (10) have a uniform height (hfl) .
7. The adapter element according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a stack of films (4, 12) is arranged on either side of the core body (2) .
8. The adapter element according to claim 7, wherein the metal films (10, 14) in both stacks of film (4, 12) have a uniform height (hfl, hf2) .
9. The adapter element according to claim 7, wherein the metal films (10, 14) have varying heights (hfl, hf2) .
10. The adapter element according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the stacks of films (4, 12) exhibit a uniform number of metal films (10, 14) .
11. The adapter element according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal films (10, 14) consist of varying materials.
PCT/EP2012/050526 2011-02-02 2012-01-13 Peelable adapter element Ceased WO2012104130A1 (en)

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US201161438663P 2011-02-02 2011-02-02
US61/438,663 2011-02-02
DE102011003524A DE102011003524A1 (en) 2011-02-02 2011-02-02 Peelable intermediate element
DE102011003524.9 2011-02-02

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US20030049421A1 (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-03-13 Jean-Jacques Caillas Peelable block comprising sheets of identifiable thickness
JP2004148700A (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Composite laminate shim and method of making same
EP2208610A1 (en) * 2009-01-19 2010-07-21 Daniel André Gastel Shim with high resistance to pressure.
EP2248661A1 (en) 2009-05-04 2010-11-10 Yann Maurice Gastel Shim with peelable layers of different thicknesses

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EP0667233B1 (en) 1994-02-14 2000-06-07 Daniel André Gastel Peelable laminate and its application in the manufacture of shims
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