WO2012103746A1 - 一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012103746A1
WO2012103746A1 PCT/CN2011/078895 CN2011078895W WO2012103746A1 WO 2012103746 A1 WO2012103746 A1 WO 2012103746A1 CN 2011078895 W CN2011078895 W CN 2011078895W WO 2012103746 A1 WO2012103746 A1 WO 2012103746A1
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Prior art keywords
cell
session
user terminal
matching degree
spectrum resource
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PCT/CN2011/078895
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
庄宏成
张洁涛
罗泽宙
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP11857915.0A priority Critical patent/EP2587862B1/en
Publication of WO2012103746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012103746A1/zh
Priority to US13/785,357 priority patent/US9319954B2/en
Priority to US15/069,332 priority patent/US10021633B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/165Performing reselection for specific purposes for reducing network power consumption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08Load balancing or load distribution
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/18Selecting a network or a communication service
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20Selecting an access point
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/22Performing reselection for specific purposes for handling the traffic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, device and system for accessing a mobile communication network.
  • Mobility Load Balance is one of them. It is mainly used to solve the auto-configuration and optimization of mobility-related parameters, mobility-related parameters covering handover, and cell reselection parameters.
  • the MLB it is first necessary to accurately estimate the load information of the cell, and then perform information interaction through the interface between the nodes to obtain load information of the neighboring area (also referred to as a neighboring cell), and the network according to the load status of the neighboring area, and a certain Algorithms and principles, modify the parameters between the cell and the neighboring cell, so that the terminal re-selects the cell or switches the cell, so that the load of the entire network is more evenly distributed, and finally, the capacity of the network is improved, and the success rate of user access is improved. And the purpose of reducing access latency.
  • the existing MLB technology mainly migrates users of a heavily loaded cell to a relatively low-load neighboring cell, which can be implemented by adjusting handover parameters.
  • the virtual parameter T c can be used to adjust the user's selection of the cell, as follows:
  • X ⁇ u) arg max P c Lc(q,, 0 C ) . T where ⁇ ( ⁇ ) represents the signal strength of the cell. It can be seen that when the parameter T c becomes small, the signal strength ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is also weakened. When T c becomes larger, the signal strength X ( ⁇ ) is also enhanced. Since the selection of a cell by a user is based on the signal strength, when the load of a certain cell is greater than a set threshold, the parameter T c of the cell can be changed.
  • the parameter T c of the cell may be increased, so that the user of the neighboring cell selects the cell when the cell is reselected, thereby making the cell more Many users access the cell.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that when many users gather in certain cells, some users are forced to switch to the neighboring cell by adjusting the switching parameters, although the call drop rate can be reduced/ The blocking rate, but at the same time, also leads to a decrease in spectral efficiency. Especially when the user is far away from the neighboring area, the spectrum efficiency is more obvious, resulting in a decrease in user experience.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, and system for accessing a mobile communication network, which can improve spectrum efficiency while ensuring reduction of dropped call rate/blocking rate.
  • a method for accessing a mobile communication network includes:
  • the cell is selected for access according to the session matching degree of each cell.
  • a method for accessing a mobile communication network includes:
  • Transmitting the session matching degree to the user terminal so that the user terminal selects a cell to perform access according to the received session matching degree of each cell; or acquires a session matching degree sent by another cell, and matches the session according to the current cell and other cells. Selecting a cell for the user terminal, and notifying the selected cell to the user terminal, so that the user terminal performs access.
  • a user terminal comprising:
  • An acquiring unit configured to acquire a session matching degree of each cell, where a session matching degree of each cell is based on a session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate that is obtainable by the user terminal in the each cell, and Calculating load balancing parameters of the respective cells;
  • An access unit configured to select, according to the session matching degree of each of the cells acquired by the acquiring unit, The zone is connected.
  • a network side device including:
  • An acquiring unit configured to acquire a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and a load balancing parameter of the local cell;
  • An operation unit configured to calculate a session matching degree of the local cell according to the obtained session type, the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell;
  • a sending unit configured to send the session matching degree to the user terminal, so that the user terminal selects a cell to perform access according to the received session matching degree of each cell; or acquires a session matching degree sent by another cell, Selecting a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree of the cell and other cells, and notifying the user terminal of the selected cell, so that the user terminal performs access.
  • a communication system includes a user terminal and at least two network measuring devices
  • the user terminal is configured to acquire a session type of a session that needs to be initiated, a session data rate that is available to each cell, and a load balancing parameter of each cell, and according to the session type, the session data that is available to each cell in each cell.
  • the rate and the load balancing parameter of each cell are respectively used to calculate the session matching degree of each cell, and the cell is selected according to the session matching degree of each cell to perform access;
  • Each network side device is configured to send a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal to a cell to which the network side device belongs and a load balancing parameter of a cell to which the network side device belongs to the user terminal.
  • a communication system includes a user terminal and at least two network measuring devices
  • the user terminal is configured to receive a session matching degree sent by each cell, and select a cell to perform access according to the session matching degree of each cell;
  • a network-side device a session type used to obtain a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the cell to which the network-side device belongs, and a load balancing parameter of the cell to which the network-side device belongs. Calculating the session matching degree of the current cell according to the obtained session type, the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the cell to which the network side device belongs, and the load balancing parameter of the cell to which the network side device belongs, and matching the session The degree is sent to the user terminal.
  • a communication system includes a user terminal and at least two network measuring devices
  • the user terminal is configured to receive a notification sent by a network side device of a cell in the cell, where the notification is a cell selected as the user terminal, and accessing according to the notification;
  • Each network side device is configured to acquire a session type of the session that the user terminal of the local cell needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and a load balancing parameter of the local cell, according to the obtained session.
  • the type, the session data rate available to the user terminal, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell calculate the session matching degree of the local cell, and obtain the session matching degree sent by the other cell, according to the session matching degree of the local cell and other cells.
  • the user terminal selects a cell and notifies the selected cell to the selected terminal.
  • the session matching degree of each cell is calculated according to the session type, the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, and the load balancing parameter of each cell, so that the user terminal can flexibly select according to the session matching degree.
  • Appropriate cells are connected to adapt to different network load conditions. Since the user terminal can select the most suitable cell in the current network for access, it can avoid the call quality caused by accessing the over-loaded cell. The occurrence of a poor situation is beneficial to reduce the call drop rate/blocking rate and improve the spectral efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a mobile communication network according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a mobile communication network according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for accessing a mobile communication network according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5b is another schematic structural diagram of a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a network side device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6b is another schematic structural diagram of a network side device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for accessing a mobile communication network. The following is a detailed description.
  • Embodiment 1
  • the user terminal can specifically be a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a personal computer (PC, Personal Computer), and the like.
  • a method for accessing a mobile communication network includes: acquiring a session matching degree of each cell, and selecting a cell for access according to a session matching degree of each cell.
  • the session matching degree is obtained according to the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the respective cells, and the load balancing parameter of each cell.
  • the session matching degree of each cell is obtained according to the session type that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate (corresponding to the signal strength) that the user terminal can obtain in each cell, and the load of each cell. Calculate the equalization parameter; for example, you can use any of the following methods to obtain the session matching degree of each cell:
  • the session matching degree is calculated by the user terminal as follows:
  • the equalization parameter respectively calculates the session matching degree of each cell
  • the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate may be obtained, and then the degree of the wireless access technology (RAT, Radio Access Technology) session support of the session type of each cell is obtained according to the session type, and the user terminal is obtained in each cell.
  • the parameters such as the switching factor and the frequency migration factor of each cell are calculated separately.
  • the session matching degree of each cell Expressed by the formula is:
  • M s,c,u M rat,s R c,u ⁇ + 0 c,ss - "c plus);
  • the session matching degree of the user terminal when performing a session in each cell can be calculated.
  • the “session data rate achievable by the user terminal” may be calculated according to the signal to noise ratio of the user terminal to the cell base station and the minimum resource unit allocated by the cell for the session. Expressed by the formula is:
  • the session matching degree refers to the appropriate degree of the cell serving the session.
  • the degree of RAT session support of a cell refers to the extent to which the RAT used by the cell supports this type of session.
  • Each cell calculates its own session matching degree according to the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, and the load balancing parameters of each cell, and then sends the session matching degree to the user terminal. That is, at this time, for the UE, the session matching degree of each cell may be: Receive the session matching degree sent by each cell.
  • the cell C1 may be based on the type of the session S, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the cell C1, and the load balancing parameter of the cell C1.
  • the cell C2 can calculate the session according to the type of the session S, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the cell C2, and the load balancing parameter of the cell C2.
  • the matching degree M s e2 M , the session matching degree 1 ⁇ 2 , trou is sent to the user terminal U; similarly, the cell C3 can also be based on the type of the session S, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the cell C3, and the cell C3.
  • the load balancing parameter calculates the session matching degree ⁇ 3 , ⁇ , ⁇
  • the session matching degree is also sent to the user terminal U, and so on.
  • the session matching degree of each session is calculated according to the session type of the session that the user equipment needs to initiate, the session data rate and the load balancing parameter that can be obtained by the user terminal, and the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate.
  • the RAT session support degree of the session type is obtained according to the session type, and the session data rate and the local cell load balancing parameter available to the user terminal in the current cell are obtained, and then the session matching degree is calculated according to the parameters.
  • the load balancing parameters include a switching factor and a frequency migration factor. It should be noted that the present cell refers to the cell to which the network side device belongs. For the convenience of description, the meaning of the cell in the embodiment on the network device side is the same.
  • the user terminal can obtain other neighboring areas only through the camped cell such as C1.
  • Neighbors can interact with each other through interfaces such as the X2 interface of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network.
  • neighbors can also use centralized controllers, such as radio network controllers. RNC, Radio Network Controller) to interact with this information.
  • RNC Radio Network Controller
  • a cell with the highest degree of session matching can be selected for access, because a greater degree of session matching means that the cell is more suitable for access, and the spectrum efficiency is higher.
  • the cells with the least load among the "cells with the highest degree of session matching” are selected for access, or randomly, any of these "cells with the highest degree of session matching" are randomly selected.
  • a cell can be accessed, or it can be selected according to other policies. The policy can be set according to the requirements of the actual application, and details are not described herein.
  • the method further includes: if the access fails, selecting a cell with the highest degree of matching of the next session to access.
  • the cell with the largest session matching degree refers to the next cell in which the cell's session matching degree is ranked from the largest to the smallest, and the cell is in the next cell.
  • it is arranged as: Cl, C2, C3 Cn, when the user terminal fails to access the cell C1, C2 can be selected for access.
  • the embodiment uses the session type that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate that the user terminal can obtain in each cell, and the load balancing parameters of each cell.
  • the session matching degree of each cell enables the user terminal to flexibly select an appropriate cell to access according to the session matching degree, so as to adapt to different network load conditions, since the user terminal can select the most suitable cell in the current network for access, Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of poor call quality due to access to a heavily loaded cell, which is advantageous for reducing the call drop rate/blocking rate and improving spectral efficiency.
  • Embodiment 2 is advantageous for reducing the call drop rate/blocking rate and improving spectral efficiency.
  • the network side device may be a device such as a base station (hereinafter referred to as a cell).
  • a method for accessing a mobile communication network comprising: acquiring a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and a load balancing parameter of the local cell; according to the obtained session type and user The session data rate obtained by the terminal in the current cell and the load balancing parameter of the local cell are used to calculate the session matching degree of the cell; the calculated session matching degree is sent to the user terminal, so that the user terminal selects the cell to access according to the session matching degree; Or selecting a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree, and notifying the selected cell to the user terminal, so that the user terminal performs access.
  • the local cell here refers to the cell where the network side device is located.
  • the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate may be obtained, and the RAT session support degree of the session type, the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell are obtained according to the session type.
  • the load balancing parameter includes parameters such as a switching factor and a frequency migration factor.
  • the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal may be calculated according to a signal to noise ratio of the user terminal to the cell base station and a minimum resource unit allocated by the cell for the session. Expressed by the formula is:
  • R cu W cs log 2 (1 + SINR CU ); where M is the data rate of the session S available to the user terminal U in the cell C, and the SINR CU is the signal-to-noise ratio of the base station U to the base station C of the cell C , ⁇ is the minimum resource unit allocated by cell C for session S.
  • a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell. Calculating the session matching degree of the local cell with the load balancing parameter of the local cell;
  • the session matching degree of the current cell may be calculated according to the obtained RAT session support degree of the local cell, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the current cell, the handover factor of the current cell, and the frequency migration factor. Expressed by the formula is: plus);
  • the session matching degree when the user terminal U performs the session S in the cell C M rat s represents the degree of RAT session support of the cell C to the session S; R cu represents the data rate of the session s available to the user terminal U in the cell C. ; ⁇ ⁇ represents the frequency shift factor of cell C; ⁇ ⁇ . Indicates the switching factor of cell C.
  • step 203 Send the session matching degree calculated in step 202 to the user terminal, so that the user terminal selects a cell to perform access according to the received session matching degree of each cell.
  • the user terminal may select an appropriate cell to access according to the matching degree of the session. For example, the cell with the highest session matching degree may be selected for access, and the like.
  • the network side device may also select a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree, and then notify the user terminal of the selected cell, so that the user terminal accesses the selected cell, that is, the following:
  • the session matching degree sent by the other cell is obtained, and the cell is selected by the user terminal according to the session matching degree of the cell and the other cell, and the selected cell is notified to the user terminal, so that the user terminal accesses.
  • the present embodiment uses the network side device to calculate the session of the cell according to the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the current cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell. Matching degree, and then sending the session matching degree to the user terminal, so that the user terminal can flexibly select an appropriate cell to access according to each cell session matching degree, so as to adapt to different network load conditions, since the user terminal can select the current network.
  • the most suitable cell is used for access, so that the occurrence of poor call quality due to access to a heavily loaded cell can be avoided, which is advantageous for reducing the call drop rate/blocking rate and improving spectral efficiency.
  • the load balancing parameters that is, the frequency migration factor a c>ss and the switching factor a cw may be adjusted, and then according to The acquired session type, the session data rate available to the user terminal, the adjusted frequency migration factor a c , ss , and the adjusted handover factor a c , h0 calculate the session matching degree of the cell, so that the system can automatically optimize the user.
  • Cell selection For example, when the spectrum or cell load of a cell changes, the frequency migration factor ⁇ needs to be adjusted. When the session switching of a cell is large, the switching factor ⁇ ⁇ needs to be adjusted.
  • the frequency migration factor can be adjusted according to the available spectrum resources of the cell, for example, as follows:
  • the frequency migration factor a c , ss is increased according to a preset strategy
  • the frequency migration factor a c , ss is reduced according to a preset strategy
  • the first available spectrum resource threshold 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ is greater than the second available spectrum resource threshold.
  • the adjustment factor has an adjustment range and an adjustment range.
  • the adjustment range can be set to -1 ⁇ « ⁇ 1, and the adjustment range is set to The step size of the second adjustment is ⁇ 0.01.
  • the first available spectrum resource threshold 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , the second available spectrum resource threshold 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , the adjustment range, and the adjustment range can be configured according to the network conditions.
  • the size is larger or smaller, it indicates that the cell can accommodate more users. Therefore, when ⁇ M e , the spectrum migration factor of the cell can be made larger, so that the session matching degree of the cell becomes larger, so that Let more users access the cell.
  • F rat c becomes smaller or larger, it means that the user can accept a limited number of users, and the load is large. At that time, the spectrum migration factor of the cell can be made smaller, so that the session matching degree of the cell becomes smaller, so as to control the user to access the cell, and the load of the cell is further increased.
  • the switching factor A can be adjusted according to the number of session switches of the cell. For example, the following may be specifically: when the number of session switching times of the cell exceeds the preset first session switching number threshold H ⁇ , the switching factor is reduced according to the preset policy.
  • the handover factor is increased according to the preset policy.
  • the first session switching number threshold H ⁇ is greater than the second session switching number threshold H ⁇ ; the switching factor ⁇ .
  • the adjustment has an adjustment range and adjustment range.
  • the adjustment range can be set to - ⁇ ⁇ a c ⁇ ⁇ , the adjustment range is set to ⁇ 0.01 for each adjustment, and so on.
  • the first session switching number threshold H ⁇ , the second session switching number threshold H 2 , the adjustment range, and the adjustment amplitude may be configured according to the condition of the network.
  • A Z ⁇ to adjust. Among them, 7.
  • the switching counter is used to count the number of handovers of the own cell, for example, the value of the handover counter is 7 every time the handover is performed. , £ plus 1.
  • H £ ⁇ H, M it indicates that the session switching of the cell is too frequent. Therefore, the handover factor of the cell can be made smaller, so that the session matching degree of the cell becomes larger, and the user tends to access the The cell, which in turn can control the number of handovers.
  • the above adjustments to the frequency migration factor and the switching factor can be adjusted by the maintenance personnel in addition to the adaptive adjustment of the network side device, that is, the frequency according to the actual situation of the current network.
  • the values of the migration factor and the switching factor are set and will not be described here.
  • the available spectrum resources can be obtained by the following methods, as follows:
  • the first available spectrum resource threshold, the second available spectrum resource threshold, the first session switching number threshold, and the second session switching threshold may be set according to the load information of the local cell and the neighboring cell.
  • the first available spectrum resource threshold, the second available spectrum resource threshold, the first session switching number threshold, and the second session switching threshold may be obtained from the operation and maintenance center OAM. Taking the network side device as a base station as an example, the details may be as follows:
  • the SON (self-organized network) entity of the base station obtains the load information of the current cell and the neighboring area in the preset time T by using the interaction, and the load information includes the currently owned frequency and the corresponding maximum power.
  • the occupied spectrum and the transmission power; or the base station of the cell can also obtain the load information of the neighboring area through a centralized controller in the network, such as Operation and Maintenance Center (OAM).
  • OAM Operation and Maintenance Center
  • S c F rat c ( ⁇ - L c )
  • the spectrum adjustment thresholds 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ and Sthr2 , c , and the handover adjustment thresholds and H ⁇ can also be obtained from a centralized controller in the network, such as the O &M center OAM.
  • N is the number of neighboring cells
  • ⁇ s c is the average available spectrum resource of the region.
  • the SON entity of the base station can send the parameter information such as the spectrum factor and the handover factor to the user residing in the local cell.
  • the user can calculate the session matching degree between the local cell and the neighboring cell according to the And carry out cell selection.
  • the relevant base station updates the relevant load information and the spectrum factor and the handover factor, and performs the statistics of the load information in the next time T.
  • the embodiment can also change the session matching degree of the cell by adaptively adjusting the load balancing parameter, that is, adjusting the frequency migration factor and the switching factor to control user migration.
  • the load balancing parameter that is, adjusting the frequency migration factor and the switching factor to control user migration.
  • the number of times, as well as the number of switchings reduces the load on the entire system to reduce the call drop rate/blocking rate, as well as improve spectral efficiency and improve the user experience.
  • the spectrum resource may be borrowed from the neighboring cell of the cell to determine Whether the neighboring cell has unused available spectrum resources, and if so, and the spectrum resources can meet the requirements of the user session, the cell adds the spectrum resources to its own frequency resource, and provides the spectrum resources to the session. And send with the maximum available transmit power. That is, on the basis of the second embodiment, the access method of the mobile communication network may further include:
  • the unused spectrum resource of the neighboring cell of the cell is obtained; when the unused spectrum resource of the obtained neighboring cell meets the preset session requirement, the unused spectrum resource is provided to the Session use.
  • R c , + SINR c ⁇ R l
  • N where M represents the data rate of the session S available to the user terminal U in the cell C, and is the minimum resource unit allocated by the cell C for the session S.
  • the spectrum resource is borrowed from the neighboring cell. Therefore, the specific reference here refers to the spectrum resource borrowed by the local cell to the neighboring cell; C, max is the maximum available transmit power in the borrowed spectrum of the cell C, ⁇ , installment the rate required for the user to perform the session S S/M ⁇ is the signal-to-noise ratio of the base station of the user terminal U to the cell C, and is the path loss of the user terminal U to the cell C, where N is noise.
  • the access method of the mobile communication network may further include:
  • the used spectrum resource of the neighboring cell of the cell is obtained;
  • the used spectrum resource satisfies the preset policy, the used spectrum resource is provided to the session for use.
  • the preset policy can be set according to the requirements of the application, for example, as follows:
  • ' M ' represents the data rate of the session S available to the user terminal U in the cell C
  • f is the unused spectrum resource borrowed by the cell to the neighboring cell, which is the used spectrum of the neighboring cell;
  • M is the rate required by the user for session S
  • SINR U is the signal-to-noise ratio of the base station U to the base station C
  • ⁇ M is the path from the user terminal U to the cell C Loss
  • N is N for noise.
  • the spectrum efficiency can be improved by borrowing spectrum resource migration; if the spectrum resource cannot be borrowed, the spectrum is activated.
  • the migration of the user terminal that is, the traditional switching; and, when the network is too heavy to support the user's use, the network can be automatically upgraded to a higher spectrum efficiency RAT network by increasing spectrum resources or RAT reconfiguration.
  • the solution can adaptively solve the problem of load imbalance, improve the spectrum efficiency of the system under the condition of ensuring the user's call rate/blocking rate and other performance indicators.
  • the application is universal and can be applied to homogeneous networks and Heterogeneous Network. According to the method provided in the foregoing embodiment, in the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, the scenario of the single RAT and the scenario of the multi RAT are taken as an example for further detailed description.
  • a scenario of a single RAT will be taken as an example for description.
  • all cells have the same degree of RAT session support, so the cell selection depends on the session data rate available to the user terminal, the current handover factor, and the spectrum migration factor.
  • the system includes three candidate cells: Cl, C2, and C3, wherein the RAT sessions of Cl, C2, and C3 are supported to the same extent, both are M rai s , and the user terminal U is in Cl,
  • the data rates of session S available in C2 and C3 are ⁇ , ⁇ supervise, and 3 , respectively; in addition, the frequency migration factors of Cl, C2, and C3 are ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , respectively; the switching factors of Cl, C2, and C3. They are respectively, " ⁇ . and plus.”
  • the specific process can be as follows:
  • the RAT session support degree of each cell to the session S the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor are obtained according to the session type of the session S. Parameters; as follows:
  • the parameters of the AT session support level, the session data rate, the handover factor, and the frequency migration factor available to the user terminal are transmitted to each other in the respective cells, and then the cell in which the user terminal U is located is delivered by broadcasting, so that the user The terminal U performs the receiving.
  • the user terminal U may also send the obtaining request.
  • the cell where the user terminal U is located may send the corresponding parameter to the user terminal u according to the obtaining request. The way, repeat here.
  • the user terminal U calculates the session matching of each cell for the session S according to the obtained RAT session support degree of each cell, the session data rate available to each cell in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor. degree. details as follows:
  • the user terminal U uses the formula according to the acquired M ra s , R chu , a cs and a
  • M sAu M rat s R c ll (1 + a c ss - a ci , ho ).
  • the session matching degree can also be calculated by the network side device, and then sent to the user terminal, and the calculation method is the same as that on the user terminal side.
  • the session matching degree can also be calculated by the network side device, and then sent to the user terminal, and the calculation method is the same as that on the user terminal side.
  • the following embodiments are described by taking the calculation of the session matching degree by the user terminal as an example.
  • the user terminal U selects a cell with the largest matching degree to perform access.
  • the user terminal U selects the cell corresponding to M l M , that is, C1 accesses.
  • the cells with the least load in the cells with the same degree of session matching are selected for access, for example, if equal to M a , and M s , c .
  • the load of the cell C1 corresponding to u is smaller than the load of the cell C2 corresponding to M s , c2 , u , and the user terminal selects C1 for access.
  • the selected cell performs an access control (AC, Admission Control). If access is allowed, the session is accepted, and the user terminal U accesses the selected cell. At this time, the value of the selected cell update switching counter is 7 ⁇ , and the flow ends.
  • AC Admission Control
  • step 304 C1 performs access control on the session S initiated by the user terminal U, and if access is allowed, the user terminal accesses CI, C1 update the value of the switching counter r ft . ;£ , for example, for r ft . ; £ plus 1, the process ends.
  • step 305 can be performed.
  • the switching counter is used to count the number of handovers of the current cell, so as to adjust the load balancing parameter (the switching factor in the load balancing parameter).
  • the load balancing parameter the switching factor in the load balancing parameter
  • step 305 If the selected cell is not allowed to access, the selected cell searches for unused spectrum resources in the neighboring cell, and determines whether the sought spectrum resource satisfies the session S. If yes, C1 adds the spectrum resource to itself. The found spectrum resource, and updating the cell spectrum occupancy factor Fra and then providing the newly added spectrum resource to the session S for use, updating the value of the handover counter r ft . , £, the process ends; if looking for the spectrum resource is not satisfied the session, the user is informed of the maximum cell terminal U to select the next matching level, then step 306 is performed.
  • the selected cell is C1
  • C1 searches for unused spectrum resources from its neighbors because the spectrum resources of C1 are insufficient. If there is a spectrum resource that meets the requirements of the session S, C1 adds the found spectrum resource that meets the requirements of the session S to its own spectrum resource list, and updates the spectrum occupancy factor of the cell. And the newly added spectrum resource is provided to the session S, and the process ends; if the neighboring cell does not have the spectrum resource that meets the requirement of the session S, the C1 notifies the user terminal U to select the cell with the highest matching degree, and then performs step 306.
  • the user terminal U determines whether the candidate cell is selected. If not, the cell with the highest matching degree is selected, and then returns to step 304; if yes, the session request is rejected, or step 307 may be performed.
  • step 302 For example, if the session matching degree calculated in step 302 is: M s ci u >M sAu >M sAu , then the user terminal selects the next cell C2 with the highest matching degree of C1, and then returns to step 304. If the access to the appropriate cell is not selected until the candidate cell is selected, the session request is rejected, or step 307 may be performed.
  • the blocking rate K cdr reaches the threshold, the spectrum is added or the RAT is re-allocated, such as reconfiguring the RAT with higher frequency efficiency, etc., in order to re-access the session S.
  • the session matching degree of each cell is calculated according to parameters such as the RAT session support degree of each cell, the session data rate available to each cell in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor. Therefore, the user terminal can flexibly select an appropriate cell to access according to the session matching degree of each d and area, so as to adapt to different network load conditions, since the user terminal can select the most suitable cell in the current network for access, It is possible to avoid the occurrence of poor call quality due to access to an over-loaded cell, which is advantageous for reducing the call drop rate/blocking rate and improving spectral efficiency.
  • the spectrum efficiency can be improved by borrowing the spectrum resource; if the spectrum resource cannot be borrowed, the migration of the user terminal is started; and, because the network load is too heavy, the network cannot
  • the RAT network with higher spectrum efficiency can be automatically upgraded by adding spectrum resources or RAT reconfiguration to support the user's use.
  • this solution can adaptively solve the problem of load imbalance, and guarantee the user drop rate.
  • Embodiment 6 In the case of performance indicators such as the blocking rate, the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved, and the application is universal and can be applied to homogeneous networks and heterogeneous networks.
  • Embodiment 6 In the case of performance indicators such as the blocking rate, the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved, and the application is universal and can be applied to homogeneous networks and heterogeneous networks.
  • a multi-RAT scenario will be taken as an example for description.
  • different RATs support different levels of session services. Therefore, in addition to considering the session data rate, current handover factor, and spectrum migration factor available to the user terminal, the cell selection needs to consider the RAT-to-session. The extent of business support.
  • the system includes three candidate cells, Cl, C2, and C3, wherein the RAT session support degrees of Cl, C2, and C3 are respectively M ra , M rat2 JM rat , and the user terminal U is in
  • the data rates of session S available in Cl, C2, and C3 are M , R c2 , u , and R c3 , respectively.
  • the frequency shift factors of Cl, C2, and C3 are 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , a c ss ⁇ a c , respectively.
  • the switching factors for ss ⁇ Cl, C2, and C3 are 3 ⁇ 4 , 2, and respectively.
  • the specific process can be as follows:
  • the RAT session support degree of each cell the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor are obtained according to the session type of the session S. as follows:
  • C2 to obtain session S RAT session support level M rai2 s, user terminal U data rate R c2 C2 available session S, U frequency migration factor, C2 is a c2, ss and a switching factor of a c2.
  • the RAT session support degree M ra of the C3 to the session S, the data rate of the session S available to the user terminal U at C3, the frequency migration factor of C3, and the handover factor plus are obtained.
  • the parameters of the RAT session support level, the session data rate, the handover factor, and the frequency migration factor available to the user terminal are transmitted to each other in the respective cells, and then the cell in which the user terminal U is located is delivered in a broadcast manner, so that the user The terminal U performs the receiving.
  • the user terminal U may also send the obtaining request.
  • the cell where the user terminal U is located may send the corresponding parameter to the user terminal U according to the obtaining request.
  • the user terminal U calculates each cell for the session S according to the acquired RAT session support degree of the session S for each session, the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor. Session matching. details as follows:
  • the user terminal U uses the formula according to the acquired M, R cu , a c ss and a c h0
  • M sAu M ratl , s R cl , u (l + a cl , ss -a c2 ).
  • the user terminal U uses the formula according to the acquired M rat3 , s , R cu , a c ss and a c
  • M s , c , u M rat , s R c l + a c , ss - ft .
  • M sAu M rat s R cu (1 + a c ss - a c h0 ). It should be noted that the session matching degree may also be calculated by the network side device, and then sent to the user terminal, and the calculation method thereof is consistent with the user terminal side, and details are not described herein again;
  • the user terminal U selects a cell with the largest matching degree to perform access. For example, if the session matching degree calculated in step 402 is: M s , cl , u > M s , c2 , u > M sAu , then The user terminal U selects the cell corresponding to M la , that is, C1 performs access.
  • the cells with the least load among the cells with the same session matching degree are selected for access.
  • the selected cell performs an access control (AC, Admission Control). If access is allowed, the session is accepted, and the user terminal U accesses the selected cell. At this time, the selected cell updates the value of the handover counter r, and the process ends. For example, if the user terminal selects C1 in step 403, in this step (ie, step 404), C1 performs access control on the session S initiated by the user terminal U, and if access is allowed, the user terminal accesses CI, C1 update the value of the switching counter r ft . ;£ , for example, for r ft . ; £ plus 1, the process ends.
  • AC Admission Control
  • step 405 can be performed.
  • the switching counter is used to count the number of handovers of the current cell, so as to adjust the load balancing parameter (the switching factor in the load balancing parameter).
  • the load balancing parameter the switching factor in the load balancing parameter
  • the selected cell searches for unused spectrum resources of the RAT neighboring cell (ie, the neighboring cell with the same RAT), and determines whether the sought spectrum resource satisfies the session S. If yes, C1 adds the found spectrum resource to its own spectrum resource, and updates the cell spectrum occupancy factor Fra and then provides the newly added spectrum resource to the session S for use, and the process ends; if the found spectrum resource If the session is not satisfied, step 406 is performed.
  • the RAT neighboring cell ie, the neighboring cell with the same RAT
  • the selected cell searches for unused spectrum resources of the different RAT neighboring cells (ie, neighboring cells with different RATs), and determines whether the sought spectrum resource satisfies the session S. If yes, C1 is in its own spectrum resource. Adding the found spectrum resource, updating the cell spectrum occupancy factor Fra and then providing the newly added spectrum resource to the session S, updating the value of the handover counter ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 , ⁇ , ending the process; if the found spectrum resource If the session is not satisfied, the user terminal U is notified to select the cell with the highest matching degree, and then step 407 is performed.
  • the user terminal U selects the cell with the highest matching degree, and then returns to step 404. If the candidate cell is not selected for access until the candidate cell is selected, the session request is rejected, or step 408 may be performed.
  • the blocking rate K cdr reaches the threshold, the spectrum is added or the RAT is re-allocated, such as reconfiguring the RAT with higher frequency efficiency, etc., in order to re-access the session S.
  • This embodiment has the same advantageous effects as the fifth embodiment, except that the embodiment is applied to many
  • the fifth embodiment is applied in the scenario of a single RAT.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a user terminal, as shown in FIG. 5a, the user terminal includes an obtaining unit 501 and an access unit 502;
  • the obtaining unit 501 is configured to acquire a session matching degree of each cell.
  • the access unit 502 is configured to select a cell according to the session matching degree of each cell acquired by the obtaining unit 501 to perform access.
  • the session matching degree is calculated according to the session type that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate (corresponding to the signal strength) available to the user terminal in each cell, and the load balancing parameter of each cell, and the session matching degree may be
  • the user terminal calculates the data, and can also be calculated by the network side device, namely:
  • the acquiring unit 501 is specifically configured to receive the session matching degree sent by each cell, where the session matching degree sent by each cell is determined by the cell type that the user terminal needs to initiate according to the user terminal, the session data rate that the user terminal can obtain in each cell, and each The cell load balancing parameter is calculated.
  • each cell may acquire a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, and then according to the degree of RAT session support of the session type of each cell, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the cell, and the handover factor of each cell itself. Parameters such as the frequency migration factor calculate their own session matching degree.
  • the obtaining unit 501 may include an obtaining subunit 5011 and a calculating subunit 5012;
  • the obtaining sub-unit 5011 is configured to acquire a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in each cell, and a load balancing parameter of each cell.
  • the calculating sub-unit 5012 is configured to calculate the session matching degree of each cell according to the session type acquired by the obtaining sub-unit 5011, the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal, and the load balancing parameter.
  • the obtaining sub-unit 5011 is specifically configured to obtain a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate ⁇ obtainable by the user terminal in each cell, and a load balancing parameter of each cell; where the load balancing parameter includes a frequency migration factor ⁇ and Switch factor ⁇ .
  • the access unit 502 is configured to calculate the session matching degree according to the calculation subunit 5012. Select a cell for access
  • the accessing unit 502 is specifically configured to select a cell with the highest degree of session matching to perform access.
  • the accessing unit 502 is further configured to: if the cell with the most matching degree of the session has more than one cell, select the The cell with the smallest load in the cell with the highest degree of session matching is accessed, or any cell in the cell with the highest degree of session matching is randomly selected for access.
  • the access unit 502 is further configured to: if the access fails, select a cell with the highest degree of matching of the next session to perform access; where, the cell with the highest degree of next session matching refers to matching the session of the cell.
  • the degrees are arranged from large to small, and are located in the next cell after the cell with the highest session matching degree.
  • the user terminal can specifically be a mobile phone, a laptop, a PC, and the like.
  • the session matching degree of each cell is calculated according to the session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the current cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell, so that the user
  • the access unit 502 can flexibly select an appropriate cell to access according to the session matching degree of each cell, so as to adapt to different network load conditions, because the user terminal can select the current The most suitable cell in the network accesses, so that the occurrence of poor call quality due to access to a heavily loaded cell can be avoided, which is advantageous for reducing the call drop rate/blocking rate and improving spectrum efficiency.
  • Example VIII Example VIII.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a network side device, as shown in FIG. 6a, the network side device includes an obtaining unit 601, an operation unit 602, and a sending unit 603;
  • the obtaining unit 601 is configured to acquire a session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the current cell, and a load balancing parameter of the local cell.
  • the operation unit 602 is configured to calculate a session matching degree of the local cell according to the session type acquired by the obtaining unit 601, the session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell; the sending unit 603 is configured to perform the operation The session matching degree obtained by the unit 602 is sent to the user terminal, so that the user terminal selects the cell according to the session matching degree of each cell to perform access;
  • the network side device may also select a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree, and then notify the user terminal of the selected cell, so that the user terminal accesses the selected cell.
  • the sending unit 603 is further configured to acquire a session matching degree sent by another cell, select a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree of the local cell and other cells, and notify the user terminal of the selected cell, so that the user terminal performs access.
  • the load balancing parameter may include a switching factor and a frequency migration factor
  • the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to acquire a session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate M obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, a frequency migration factor of the local cell, and a switching factor A. Obtaining, according to the session type, the radio access technology RAT session support degree M ra of the session type of the local cell;
  • the operation unit 602 is specifically configured to calculate the session matching degree of each cell according to the formula M ⁇ Ad G + ⁇ - " ); wherein, the session matching degree of the cell is used. For details, refer to the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again. .
  • the network side device may further include a session unit 607;
  • the session unit 607 is configured to perform access control on the session access of the user terminal, and accept access of the user terminal when the access is allowed.
  • the load balancing parameters that is, the frequency migration factor ⁇ and the switching factor ⁇ may be applied . Adjustments are made so that the system can automatically optimize the user's cell selection. For example, when the spectrum or cell load of a cell changes, the frequency migration factor needs to be adjusted. When a cell has more session switching, the switching factor ⁇ » needs to be adjusted. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the network side device may further include a first adjusting unit 604 and a second adjusting unit 605;
  • the first adjusting unit 604 is configured to adjust a frequency migration factor according to the available spectrum resources of the cell.
  • the second adjusting unit 605 is configured to adjust the switching factor according to the number of session switching times of the cell.
  • the first adjusting unit 604 is specifically configured to: when the available spectrum resource of the local cell exceeds a preset first available spectrum resource threshold, increase the frequency migration factor according to a preset policy; when the available spectrum resource of the current cell is smaller than When the preset second available spectrum resource threshold is used, the frequency migration factor is reduced according to a preset policy; wherein, the first available spectrum resource threshold is greater than the second available spectrum resource threshold.
  • the second adjusting unit 605 is specifically configured to: when the number of session switching times of the local cell exceeds a preset threshold of the first session switching times, reduce the switching factor according to the preset policy; when the number of session switching times of the local cell is less than the preset second When the session switching threshold is used, the switching factor is increased according to the preset policy; wherein, the first The session switch count threshold is greater than the second session switch count threshold.
  • the obtaining unit 601 is further configured to obtain the frequency migration factor obtained by the first adjusting unit 604 and/or the switching factor of the second adjusting unit 605.
  • the operation unit 602 is further configured to calculate the session matching degree of the local cell according to the obtained session type, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the current cell, the adjusted frequency migration factor of the current cell, and/or the adjusted handover factor.
  • the spectrum resource may be borrowed from the neighboring cell of the cell, that is, as shown in FIG.
  • a spectrum acquisition unit 606 may also be included.
  • the spectrum acquisition unit 606 is configured to: when the terminal selects the local cell to perform access, but the cell has no available spectrum resources, acquire unused spectrum resources of the neighboring cell of the cell;
  • the session unit 607 is configured to: when the unused spectrum resource of the neighboring cell acquired by the spectrum acquiring unit 606 meets the preset session requirement, provide the unused spectrum resource to the session.
  • the spectrum acquiring unit 606 is further configured to: when there is no unused spectrum resource in the neighboring cell of the current cell, or if there is unused spectrum resource but does not meet the preset session requirement, obtain the neighboring cell of the cell. Used spectrum resources;
  • the session unit 607 is further configured to provide the used spectrum resource to the session if the used spectrum resource acquired by the spectrum acquiring unit 606 satisfies a preset policy.
  • the network side device may further include a load obtaining unit and a parameter calculating unit, and a load obtaining unit, configured to acquire load information of the local cell and the neighboring cell;
  • a parameter calculation unit configured to calculate available spectrum resources of the local cell and the neighboring cell according to the load information of the local cell and the neighboring cell acquired by the load acquiring unit, respectively, and/or set the first cell according to the load information of the local cell and the neighboring cell
  • An available spectrum resource threshold, a second available spectrum resource threshold, a first session switching number threshold, and a second session switching number threshold are not described herein again.
  • the network side device may also be calculated by other devices. And collecting the parameters of each cell, and then providing the parameters to the network side device, that is, the network side device may further include a parameter acquiring unit;
  • the parameter obtaining unit is configured to obtain, from the OAM, a first available spectrum resource threshold, a second available spectrum resource threshold, a first session switching number threshold, and a second session switching threshold.
  • the network side device may specifically be a base station of the cell (that is, a small area mentioned in the foregoing method embodiment), and the like.
  • the operation unit 602 of the network side device in this embodiment can calculate according to the RAT session support degree of the local cell, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the local cell, the handover factor of the local cell, and the frequency migration factor.
  • the session matching degree of the local cell is sent, and then the sending unit 603 sends the session matching degree to the user terminal, so that the user terminal can flexibly select an appropriate cell to access according to the session matching degree, and adaptively adjust the load balancing parameter.
  • the call quality caused by accessing the over-loaded cell can be avoided. The occurrence of poor conditions helps to reduce the call drop rate/blocking rate and improve spectral efficiency.
  • the spectrum acquiring unit 606 may further improve the spectrum efficiency by borrowing the spectrum resource; if the spectrum resource cannot be borrowed, the user terminal is started to be migrated; and, in the network, the entire network is When the load is too heavy to support the user's use, it can be automatically upgraded to a higher spectrum efficiency RAT network by adding spectrum resources or RAT reconfiguration to support user usage.
  • Example IX
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, including any user terminal and at least two network side devices provided by the embodiments of the present invention; for example, the following may be as follows:
  • a user terminal configured to acquire a session matching degree of each cell, where the session matching degree is a session type according to a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in each cell, and a load balancing parameter of each cell. Calculated; select a cell for access according to the obtained session matching degree.
  • the load balancing parameters include a switching factor and a frequency migration factor.
  • the session matching degree may be calculated by the user terminal or calculated by the network side device. If the session matching degree is calculated by the user terminal, the communication may be specifically as follows:
  • a user terminal configured to acquire a session type of the session that the user terminal needs to initiate, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal itself in each cell, and a load balancing parameter of each cell, according to Calculating the session matching degree of each cell according to the session type, the session data rate that the user terminal itself obtains in each cell, and the load balancing parameter of each cell;
  • each network side device it is used to send the session data rate that the user terminal can obtain in the local cell (that is, the cell to which the network side device belongs) and the local cell (that is, the cell to which the network side device belongs).
  • the load balancing parameter is given to the user terminal. It should be noted that, since the session is initiated by the user terminal, the user terminal itself can learn the session type of the session. Therefore, in order to save traffic, the network side device does not need to notify the user terminal of the session type of the session. The side device can also send the session type of the session to the user terminal.
  • the user terminal is specifically configured to acquire a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, and obtain, according to the session type, a RAT session support degree of the session type of each cell, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in each cell, and each The handover factor and the frequency migration factor of the cell, and then calculating the session matching of the cell according to the obtained RAT session support degree of each cell, the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor. Degree; See the previous method embodiment for details, and will not be mentioned here.
  • the communication system may further include any network side device provided by the embodiment of the present invention; that is, in addition to the foregoing communication system, the embodiment of the present invention provides another
  • the communication system includes a user terminal and at least two network side devices, as follows:
  • the session type used to obtain the session of the user terminal ie, the cell to which the network side device belongs
  • the user terminal in the local cell ie, the cell to which the network side device belongs
  • the available session data rate and the load balancing parameter of the local cell according to the session type, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the local cell (ie, the cell to which the network side device belongs) and the local cell (ie, the network side device)
  • the load balancing parameter of the cell to which the cell belongs is used to calculate the session matching degree of the cell, and the calculated session matching degree is sent to the user terminal, so that the user terminal selects the cell to access according to the session matching degree.
  • the user terminal is configured to receive the session matching degree sent by each cell, and select a cell to perform access according to the session matching degree of each cell.
  • the network side device is specifically configured to acquire a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, and obtain, according to the session type, a RAT session support degree of the session type of the current cell, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, The handover factor and frequency migration factor of the cell, and then according to The obtained RAT session support degree of the local cell, the session data rate, the handover factor, and the frequency migration factor available to the user terminal are used to calculate the session matching degree of the local cell.
  • a session type of a session that the user terminal needs to initiate, and obtain, according to the session type, a RAT session support degree of the session type of the current cell, a session data rate obtainable by the user terminal in the local cell, The handover factor and frequency migration factor of the cell, and then according to The obtained RAT session support degree of the local cell, the session data rate, the handover factor, and the frequency migration factor available to the user terminal are used to calculate the session matching degree of the local cell.
  • the network side device may also select a cell for the user terminal according to the session matching degree, and then notify the user terminal of the selected cell, so that the user terminal accesses the selected cell, that is, in addition to the foregoing.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides another communication system, including a user terminal and at least two network side devices, as follows:
  • the session type used by the user terminal for acquiring the local cell (that is, the cell where the network side device is located) needs to be initiated, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the local cell, and the current cell.
  • the load balancing parameter is used to calculate the session matching degree of the current cell according to the obtained session type, the session data rate available to the user terminal in the current cell, and the load balancing parameter of the local cell, and obtain the session matching degree sent by other cells, according to the current cell and
  • the session matching degree of the other cell (that is, the cell to which the other network measuring device belongs) is the cell selected by the user terminal, and the selected cell is notified to the user terminal;
  • a user terminal configured to receive a notification sent by a network side device of a cell in which the user terminal is located, where the notification indicates that the cell selected by the user terminal is accessed according to the notification, that is, the user terminal according to the network
  • the cell selected by the side device accesses.
  • the frequency migration factor ⁇ and the switching factor A may be used . Adjustments are made so that the system can automatically optimize the user's cell selection. which is:
  • the network side device is further configured to adjust the frequency migration factor ⁇ according to the available spectrum resources of the cell, and adjust the switching factor according to the number of session switching times of the cell.
  • the network side device may also borrow spectrum resources from the neighboring cell of the cell to determine whether the neighboring cell has Unused available spectrum resources, if any, and these spectrum resources can meet the needs of the user session, the cell adds these spectrum resources to its own spectrum resources and provides these spectrum resources to the session for use.
  • the network side device is further configured to acquire a neighboring cell of the cell when there is no available spectrum resource in the cell. Unused spectrum resource; when it is determined that the unused spectrum resource of the acquired neighboring area meets the preset session requirement, the unused spectrum resource is provided to the session for use.
  • the frequency band in which the neighboring area transmits the most power on the spectrum is preferentially selected.
  • the transmit power on the borrowed used spectrum is controlled to ensure that the interference to the neighboring area is within an acceptable range.
  • the network side device is further configured to: when there is no unused spectrum resource in the neighboring cell of the cell, or if there is unused spectrum resource but does not meet the preset session requirement, the used neighboring cell of the cell is used.
  • the spectrum resource if the obtained used spectrum resource satisfies the preset policy, the used spectrum resource is provided to the session.
  • the preset policy can be set according to the needs of the application.
  • the communication system of the embodiment calculates the parameters of each cell according to the RAT session support degree of each cell, the session data rate available to the user terminal in each cell, the handover factor of each cell, and the frequency migration factor.
  • the session matching degree enables the user terminal to flexibly select an appropriate cell for access according to the session matching degree of each d and zone, and at the same time, adaptively adjust the load balancing parameter to change the session matching degree of the cell to adapt to different network loads.
  • the user terminal can select the most suitable cell in the current network to access, it can avoid the occurrence of poor call quality caused by accessing the over-loaded cell, which is beneficial to reducing the call drop rate/ Blockage rate, as well as improved spectral efficiency.
  • the spectrum efficiency can be improved by borrowing the spectrum resource; if the spectrum resource cannot be borrowed, the migration of the user terminal is started; and the network is too heavy due to the heavy load of the entire network.
  • it can be automatically upgraded to a higher spectrum efficiency RAT network by adding spectrum resources or RAT reconfiguration to support user usage.
  • the solution can adaptively solve the problem of load imbalance, improve the spectrum efficiency of the system under the condition of ensuring the user's call rate/blocking rate and other performance indicators.
  • the application is universal and can be applied to homogeneous networks and Heterogeneous Network.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the various steps of the foregoing embodiments may be completed by a program instructing related hardware.
  • the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: Read only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM), disk or optical disk.

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Description

一种移动通信网络的接入方法、 装置和系统
本申请要求于 2011 年 1 月 31 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110033952.X, 发明名称为 "一种移动通信网络的接入方法、 装置和系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域,具体涉及一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置 和系统。
背景技术
随着移动通信网络规模的不断扩大, 以及基站小型化的发展,运营商要维 护的网元数量在急剧增长, 所需投入的维护成本也越来越大。 为此, 人们提出 了自组织网络( SON, self-organization network )机制, 希望通过在移动通信 网络的规划、部署、运维阶段实现尽可能的自动化来达到节省运营成本的目的。
为了方便问题的研究以及标准化工作, 现有技术开始定义了一系列用于 SON标准化的用例 (use case ) , 并针对各个 use case来讨论相应的解决方案。 移动负载均衡(MLB, Mobility Load Balance )就是其中的一种, 主要用来解 决移动性相关的参数自动配置和优化、移动性相关参数涵盖切换、 以及小区重 选参数等。 对于 MLB来说, 首先需要准确的评估小区的负载信息, 然后通过 节点之间接口进行信息交互, 获得邻区(也称为相邻小区) 负载信息, 网络根 据邻区的负载状况, 以及一定的算法和原则, 修改本小区及邻区之间的参数, 使得终端通过重选小区或切换小区,从而使整个网络的负载更为均衡分布, 最 终达到提高网络的容量、 提高用户接入的成功率、 以及减少接入时延的目的。
现有的 MLB技术主要是把负载较重的小区的用户迁移到负载较轻的邻区 中去, 具体可以通过调整切换参数来实现。 例如, 可以利用虚拟参数 Tc来调整 用户对小区的选择, 如下:
X{u) = arg max Pc Lc(q,, 0C) . T 其中, Χ ( μ )表示小区的信号强度, 可见, 参数 Tc变小时,信号强度 Χ ( μ ) 也会减弱, 参数 Tc变大时, 信号强度 X ( μ )也会增强, 由于一个用户对小区 的选择基于信号强度, 所以, 当某个小区的负载大于设定阈值时, 可以使该小 区的参数 Tc变小, 这样在该小区的用户在小区重选时就会选择邻小区, 从而降 低该小区的负载; 反之, 当某个小区的负载小于设定阈值时, 则可以使该小区 的参数 Tc变大, 这样邻小区的用户在小区重选时会选择该小区, 从而使更多的 用户接入该小区。
在对现有技术的研究和实践过程中, 本发明的发明人发现, 当许多用户聚 集在某些小区时,通过调整切换参数来强制某些用户切换到邻区, 虽然可以减 少掉话率 /阻塞率, 但是同时也会导致频谱效率下降, 特别是用户距离邻区较 远时, 频谱效率下降更为明显, 导致用户体验下降。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置和系统, 可以在保 证降低掉话率 /阻塞率的情况下, 提高频谱效率。
一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 包括:
获取各个小区的会话匹配度,所述各个小区的会话匹配度通过根据用户终 端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速 率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数计算得到;
根据所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 包括:
获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会 话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数;
根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小 区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度;
将所述会话匹配度发送给用户终端,以便用户终端根据接收到的各个小区 的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入; 或者, 获取其他小区发送的会话匹配度, 根 据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为用户终端选择小区,将选择的小区通知给 所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终端进行接入。
一种用户终端, 包括:
获取单元, 用于获取各个小区的会话匹配度, 所述各个小区的会话匹配度 根据所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端在所述各个小区 可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数计算得到;
接入单元,用于根据获取单元获取到的所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小 区进行接入。
一种网络侧设备, 包括:
获取单元, 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端 在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区负载均衡参数;
运算单元, 用于根据获取到的会话类型、所述用户终端在本小区可获得的 会话数据速率和所述本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度;
发送单元, 用于将所述会话匹配度发送给所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终 端根据接收到的各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入; 或者, 获取其他小 区发送的会话匹配度,根据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为所述用户终端选 择小区, 将选择的小区通知给所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终端进行接入。
一种通信系统, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备;
所述用户终端, 用于获取自身需要发起的会话的会话类型、 自身在各个小 区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数,根据会话类型、 自 身在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计 算各个小区的会话匹配度, 根据所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接 入;
每个网络侧设备,用于发送所述用户终端在所述网络侧设备所属的小区可 获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所属的小区的负载均衡参数给所述用 户终端。
一种通信系统, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备;
所述用户终端, 用于接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度,根据所述各个小区 的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入;
每个网络侧设备, 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终 端在所述网络侧设备所属的小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所 属的小区的负载均衡参数,根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在所述网络侧设 备所属的小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所属的小区的负载均 衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度, 将所述会话匹配度发送给用户终端。
一种通信系统, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备;
所述用户终端, 用于接收所在小区的网络侧设备发送的通知, 所述通知指 示为所述用户终端选择的小区, 根据所述通知进行接入;
每个网络侧设备,用于获取本小区的所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话 类型、 所述用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参 数,根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小 区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度, 获取其他小区发送的会话匹配 度,根据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为所述用户终端选择小区,将该选择 的小区通知给所述用户终端。
本发明实施例釆用根据会话类型、用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据 速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数来计算出各个小区的会话匹配度,使得用户终 端可以根据会话匹配度来灵活地选择合适的小区进行接入,以适应不同的网络 负载情况, 由于用户终端可以选择当前网络中最合适的小区进行接入, 所以可 以避免由于接入到负载过高的小区中所导致的通话质量较差的情况的发生,有 利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所 需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明 的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是本发明实施例一提供的移动通信网络的接入方法的流程图; 图 2是本发明实施例二提供的移动通信网络的接入方法的流程图; 图 3是本发明实施例五提供的移动通信网络的接入方法的流程图; 图 4是本发明实施例六提供的移动通信网络的接入方法的流程图; 图 5a是本发明实施例提供的用户终端的结构示意图;
图 5b是本发明实施例提供的用户终端的另一结构示意图;
图 6a是本发明实施例提供的网络侧设备的结构示意图;
图 6b是本发明实施例提供的网络侧设备的另一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置和系统。 以下分别 进行详细说明。 实施例一、
本实施例将从用户终端的角度进行描述。 该用户终端具体可以为手机、笔 记本电脑和个人计算机 ( PC, Personal Computer) 等等。
一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 包括: 获取各个小区的会话匹配度, 根据 各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。其中, 该会话匹配度是根据用户终 端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速 率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数所得的。
如图 1所示, 具体流程可以如下:
101、 获取各个小区的会话匹配度, 其中, 该会话匹配度是根据用户终端 需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率(相 当于信号强度)和各个小区的负载均衡参数计算所得的; 例如, 可以釆用如下 任意一种方式来获取各个小区的会话匹配度:
( 1 ) 由用户终端计算会话匹配度, 如下:
获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在各个小区可获得的 会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数,根据会话类型、用户终端在各个小 区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计算各个小区的会 话匹配度;
比如, 可以获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型, 然后根据该会话类 型获取各个小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 ( RAT , Radio Access Technology )会话支持程度,并获取用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速 率和各个小区的负载均衡参数, 其中, 负载均衡参数包括切换因子和频率迁移 因子等参数, 然后根据各个小区的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在各个小区可 获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数分别计算各 个小区的会话匹配度。 用公式表示即为:
Ms,c,u = Mrat,sRc,u ^ + 0c,ss - "c加);
其中, 表示用户终端 U在小区 C进行会话 S时的会话匹配度; Mrat s表 示小区 C对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度; Rc u表示用户终端 U在小区 C可获得的会 话 S的数据速率; α ^表示频率迁移因子; 表示切换因子。 根据以上公式可 以计算得到用户终端在各个小区进行会话时的会话匹配度。
其中, "用户终端可获得的会话数据速率" 可以根据用户终端到小区基站 的信噪比和小区为会话分配的最小资源单位计算所得。 用公式表示即为:
Rc u = Wc s \og2(l + SINRc u) ; 其中, ^为用户终端 U到小区 C的基站的信噪比, 为小区 C为会话 S 分配的最小资源单位, 在本发明实施例中指频谱资源。 需说明的是,在本发明实施例中,会话匹配度指的是小区服务该会话的合 适程度。小区的 RAT会话支持程度指的是小区所使用的 RAT所支持该类型会话 的程度。 ( 2 ) 由网络侧设备计算会话匹配度, 如下:
各个小区根据用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在各个小区 可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计算各自的会话匹配 度, 然后将会话匹配度发送给用户终端。 即, 此时对于用户端来说, 获取各个 小区的会话匹配度具体可以为: 接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度。
例如, 网络中具有小区 Cl、 C2和 C3 , 则在用户终端 U需要进行会话 S时, 小区 C1可以根据会话 S的类型、用户终端在小区 C1可获得的会话数据速率和小 区 C1的负载均衡参数计算出会话匹配度 Μ ΐ Μ ,将会话匹配度 M发送给用户 终端 U; 小区 C2可以根据会话 S的类型、 用户终端在小区 C2可获得的会话数据 速率和小区 C2的负载均衡参数计算出会话匹配度 Ms e2 M ,将会话匹配度1^2,„发 送给用户终端 U; 同理, 小区 C3也可以根据会话 S的类型、 用户终端在小区 C3 可获得的会话数据速率和小区 C3的负载均衡参数计算出会话匹配度 Μ 3,Μ , 然 后将会话匹配度 也发送给用户终端 U, 以此类推。
其中,各个小区根据用户设备需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端可获 得的会话数据速率和负载均衡参数分别计算各自的会话匹配度具体为:各个小 区获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型,根据会话类型获取自身对该会话 类型的 RAT会话支持程度,并获取用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和 本小区负载均衡参数, 然后根据这些参数计算出自身的会话匹配度。 其中, 负 载均衡参数包括切换因子和频率迁移因子。需要说明的是本小区指的是上述网 络侧设备所属的小区, 为了描述方便,在网络设备侧的实施例中本小区的含义 均如此。
需说明的是, 用户终端可以只通过所驻留的小区如 C1 , 获得其他邻区如
C2, C3的会话匹配度。邻区之间可以通过相互之间的接口 ,比如长期演进( LTE, Long Term Evolution ) 网络的 X2接口来交互这些信息, 或者, 邻区之间也可以 通过集中控制器, 比如无线网络控制器(RNC, Radio Network Controller )来 交互这些信息。
102、 根据各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
例如, 可以选择会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入, 这是因为, 会话匹配度 越大就意味着该小区越适合接入, 以及频谱效率越高。 当然, 如果 "会话匹配 度最大的小区"超过一个, 则选择这些 "会话匹配度最大的小区" 中负载最小 的小区进行接入, 或者, 随机选择这些 "会话匹配度最大的小区" 中的任意一 个小区进行接入, 或者, 也可以根据其他的策略进行选择, 其中, 该策略可根 据实际应用的需求进行设置, 在此不再赘述。
可选的, 在选择会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入之后还可以包括: 如果接入失败, 则选择下一会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入。
其中,下一会话匹配度最大的小区指的是将小区的会话匹配度由大到小进 行排列, 位于会话匹配度最大的小区之后的下一个小区, 比如, 如果将小区的 会话匹配度由大到小进行排列为: Cl、 C2、 C3 Cn, 则当用户终端接入 小区 C1失败时, 可以选择 C2进行接入。
由上可知, 本实施例釆用根据用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户 终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数来计算出 各个小区的会话匹配度,使得用户终端可以根据会话匹配度来灵活地选择合适 的小区进行接入, 以适应不同的网络负载情况, 由于用户终端可以选择当前网 络中最合适的小区进行接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负载过高的小区中所导 致的通话质量较差的情况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱 效率。 实施例二、
本发明实施例将从网络侧设备的角度进行描述,该网络侧设备具体可以为 小区的基站(以下均简称小区)等设备。
一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 包括: 获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会 话类型、 用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数; 根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的 负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度;将计算得到的会话匹配度发送给用户 终端, 以便用户终端根据会话匹配度选择小区进行接入; 或者根据会话匹配度 为用户终端选择小区,将该选择的小区通知给用户终端, 以便用户终端进行接 入。 其中, 这里的本小区指的是网络侧设备所在的小区。
如图 2所示, 具体流程可以如下:
201、 获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、 用户终端在本小区可获 得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数;
比如, 可以获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型,根据该会话类型获 取本小区对该会话类型的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话 数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数, 其中, 负载均衡参数包括切换因子和频率 迁移因子等参数。
其中,用户终端可获得的会话数据速率可以根据用户终端到小区基站的信 噪比和小区为会话分配的最小资源单位计算所得。 用公式表示即为:
Rc u = Wc s log2 (1 + SINRC U ); 其中, M为用户终端 U在小区 C可获得的会话 S的数据速率, SINRC U为^] 户终端 U到小区 C的基站的信噪比, ^ 为小区 C为会话 S分配的最小资源单位。
202、 根据获取到的会话类型、 用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率 和本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度;
比如, 如果步骤 201中获取了本小区的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端在本 小区可获得的会话数据速率、本小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数, 则在 本步骤(即步骤 202 ) 中, 则可以根据获取到的本小区的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率、本小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子 计算本小区的会话匹配度。 用公式表示即为: 加);
其中, 表示用户终端 U在小区 C进行会话 S时的会话匹配度; Mrat s表 示小区 C对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度; Rc u表示用户终端 U在小区 C可获得的会 话 s的数据速率; α ^表示小区 C的频率迁移因子; α ^。表示小区 C的切换因子。
203、将步骤 202中计算得到的会话匹配度发送给用户终端, 以便用户终端 根据接收到的各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
用户终端在接收到网络中各个小区所发送的会话匹配度后,可以根据这些 会话匹配度选择合适的小区进行接入, 比如, 可以选择会话匹配度最大的小区 进行接入, 等等。
当然, 为了节省网络资源,也可以由网络侧设备来根据会话匹配度为用户 终端选择小区, 然后将选择的小区通知给用户终端, 以便用户终端接入该选择 的小区, 即可以如下:
获取其他小区发送的会话匹配度,根据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为 用户终端选择小区,将该选择的小区通知给用户终端,以便用户终端进行接入。
由上可知,本实施例釆用由网络侧设备来根据用户终端需要发起的会话的 会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数 来计算出本小区的会话匹配度, 然后将该会话匹配度发送给用户终端,使得用 户终端可以根据各个小区会话匹配度来灵活地选择合适的小区进行接入,以适 应不同的网络负载情况,由于用户终端可以选择当前网络中最合适的小区进行 接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负载过高的小区中所导致的通话质量较差的情 况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。 实施例三 在实施例二的基础上, 进一步的, 为了控制切换带来的不利影响和提高频 谱的效率,可以对负载均衡参数,即频率迁移因子 ac>ss和切换因子 ac w进行调整, 然后再根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端可获得的会话数据速率、调整后的频 率迁移因子 ac,ss和调整后的切换因子 ac,h0计算本小区的会话匹配度,以使得系统 可以自动优化用户的小区选择。 比如, 当一个小区拥有的频谱或小区负载发生 变化时, 需要调整频率迁移因子 α 而当一个小区的会话切换较多时, 需要 调整切换因子 αε
( 1 )频率迁移因子
可以根据小区的可用频谱资源来调整频率迁移因子^ 例如, 具体可以 如下:
当小区的可用频谱资源超过预置的第一可用频谱资源阈值 SthA,c时,根据预 置策略增大该频率迁移因子 ac,ss
当小区的可用频谱资源小于预置的第二可用频谱资源阈值 Sthrl,c时,根据预 置策略减小该频率迁移因子 ac,ss
其中, 第一可用频谱资源阈值¾ ^大于第二可用频谱资源阈值¾ 切换 因子的调整具有一个调整范围和调整幅度, 比如可以将调整范围设为 -1≤«^≤1 , 调整幅度设置为每次调整的步长为 ±0.01。 当然, 第一可用频谱资 源阈值¾^、 第二可用频谱资源阈值¾^、调整范围和调整幅度等值可以根据 网络的情况进行配置。
以下将举例对频率迁移因子 的调整进行说明, 如下:
当一个小区拥有的频谱或小区负载发生变化时, 需要调整频谱迁移因子, 如果将频谱迁移因子的初始值设置为 = 0 , 则可以根据小区可用频谱资源
Figure imgf000012_0001
其中, 为小区频谱占用因子; 为小区 c的负载,
0≤ £c≤ 1。 变大或 变小,则说明该小区可以接纳更多的用户,所以, 当 ≥ M e 时, 可以使该小区的频谱迁移因子《 ^变大, 从而使得该小区的会话匹配度变 大, 以便让更多的用户接入该小区。
Frat c 变小或 变大, 则说明该小区可以接纳的用户有限, 负载较大, 所 以, 当 时, 可以使该小区的频谱迁移因子《 ^变小, 从而该小区的会 话匹配度变小, 以便控制用户接入该小区, 避免该小区的负载进一步增大。
( 2 )切换因子^。
可以根据小区的会话切换次数调整该切换因子 A。; 例如,具体可以如下: 当小区的会话切换次数超过预置的第一会话切换次数阈值 H^时,根据预 置策略减小切换因子
当小区的会话切换次数小于预置的第二会话切换次数阈值 H^时,根据预 置策略增大切换因子
其中, 第一会话切换次数阈值 H^大于第二会话切换次数阈值 H^ ; 切换 因子 Α。的调整具有一个调整范围和调整幅度, 比如可以将调整范围设为 -\ < ac < \ , 调整幅度设置为每次调整的步长为 ± 0.01 , 等等。 当然, 第一会话 切换次数阈值 H^、 第二会话切换次数阈值 H 2、 调整范围和调整幅度等值可 以根据网络的情况进行配置。
以下将举例对切换因子 α。 的调整进行说明, 如下:
当一个小区的会话切换较多时, 需要调整切换因子,如果切换因子的初始 值设置为 ¾。= 0 , 则可以根据一段时间 T内统计的切换次数, 即切换频度
A =Z^来调整。 其中, 7。 为切换计数器的值, 该切换计数器用于统计本小 区的切换次数, 例如, 每切换一次时, 该切换计数器的值 7。,£加1。 当 H£≥H,M时, 说明该小区的会话切换过于频繁, 因此, 可以使该小区的 切换因子《 ^变小, 从而使得该小区的会话匹配度变大, 使用户倾向于接入该 小区, 从而可以反过来控制切换的次数。
当 H£≤H^2时, 说明该小区的会话切换太少, 因此, 可以使该小区的切换 因子 变大, 从而使得该小区的会话匹配度变小, 使用户倾向于选择该小区 的邻小区, 从而使得整个系统的负载趋于平衡。
当然,以上对频率迁移因子和切换因子的调整除了让网络侧设备进行自适 应调整之外,也可以由维护人员进行调整, 即根据当前网络的实际情况对频率 迁移因子和切换因子的值进行设置, 在此不再赘述。
其中, 可用频谱资源可以通过以下方式来获取, 如下:
获取本小区和邻小区的负载信息;根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息分别计 算本小区和邻小区的可用频谱资源;
此外,还可以根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息设置本小区的第一可用频谱 资源阈值、第二可用频谱资源阈值、第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次 数阈值。 或者, 也可以从操作维护中心 OAM中来获取本小区的第一可用频谱 资源阈值、第二可用频谱资源阈值、第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次 数阈值。 以该网络侧设备为基站为例, 具体可以如下:
基站的自组织网络( SON, Self-Organized Network )实体通过交互, 获得 本小区和邻区在预置时间 T内统计的负载信息, 该负载信息包括当前所拥有的 频语及对应的最大功率, 已占用的频谱及发送功率; 或者, 本小区的基站也可 以通过网络中的一个集中控制器, 如操作维护中心 ( OAM , Operation Administration and Maintenance )来获取邻区的负载信息。
在获取到本小区和邻区在预置时间 T内统计的负载信息后, 基站可以根据 这些负载信息计算本小区及邻区的可用资源 Sc = Frat c(\ - Lc) , 并设置频谱调整 阈值 ^和 ^ , 以及切换调整阈值 H^和 H 2。 当然, 频谱调整阈值¾ ^和 Sthr2,c , 以及切换调整阈值 和 H^也可以从网络中的一个集中控制器, 如操 作维护中心 OAM中获取。
Figure imgf000014_0001
N为邻区的数目 , ∑sc为本区域的平均可用频谱资源,
Figure imgf000015_0001
基站的 SON实体可以把频谱因子和切换因子等参数信息发送给驻留在本 小区的用户, 当用户有业务请求, 需要发起会话时, 用户可以据此计算本小区 和邻小区的会话匹配度, 并进行小区选择。
用户完成小区选择后,相关基站更新相关的负载信息和频谱因子及切换因 子, 并进行下一时间 T内的负载信息的统计。
由上可知, 本实施例除了可以实现实施例二的有益效果之外,还可以通过 自适应调整负载均衡参数来改变小区的会话匹配度,即通过调整频率迁移因子 和切换因子 来控制用户迁移的次数, 以及减少切换次数, 从而使得整 个系统的负载趋于平衡, 以便降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率, 提高 用户体验。 实施例四、
在实施例二的基础上, 进一步的, 在小区选择中, 如果本小区被选中了, 但是本小区负载太重, 没有可用频谱资源, 则可以向本小区的邻区借用频谱资 源, 即可以确定邻区是否具有未使用可用频谱资源, 如果有, 并且这些频谱资 源能满足该用户会话的需求,则本小区将这些频谱资源添加到自己的频语资源 中, 将这些频谱资源提供给该会话使用, 并以最大可用发送功率进行发送。 即 在实施例二的基础上, 该移动通信网络的接入方法还可以包括:
在本小区没有可用频谱资源时, 获取本小区的邻区的未使用频谱资源; 确 定获取到的邻区的未使用频谱资源符合预置的会话需求时,将该未使用频谱资 源提供给所述会话使用。
其中, 向邻区借用频谱资源时, 这些借用的频谱资源需要满足的条件:
Rc, =
Figure imgf000015_0002
+ SINRc ≥Rl
SINR ,. =
N 其中, M表示用户终端 U在小区 C可获得的会话 S的数据速率, 为小区 C为会话 S分配的最小资源单位; 由于在本实施例中, 频谱资源是向邻区借用 的, 所以这里的 具体指的是本小区向邻区借用的频谱资源; C,max为在小区 C在该借用的频谱上的最大可用发送功率, ^,„为用户进行会话 S所需要的速 率, S/M^为用户终端 U到小区 C的基站的信噪比, 为用户终端 U到小区 C的 路损, N为噪声。
如果邻区没有未使用的频谱资源,或者有未使用的频谱资源但不能满足该 会话需求, 则需要借用邻区已使用的频谱资源。 对于已使用的频谱的借用, 优 先选择邻区在该频谱上发送功率最大的频谱。 同时,控制在借用的已使用频谱 上的发送功率, 以保证对邻区的干扰在可接受的范围。 即进一步的, 该移动通 信网络的接入方法还可以包括:
在本小区的邻区不存在未使用的频谱资源,或存在未使用的频谱资源但不 符合预置的会话需求时, 则获取本小区的邻区的已使用的频谱资源; 若获取到 的已使用的频谱资源满足预置策略时,将该使用的频谱资源提供给所述会话使 用。 其中, 预置策略可以根据应用的需求进行设置, 例如, 可以如下:
在借用未使用频谱资源和已使用频谱资源时,这些借用的频语资源需要满 足的条件:
Figure imgf000016_0001
+ SINRC + c,s log2(l + SINR' c,u ) > Rrequ,s,u
其中, ?' M表示用户终端 U在小区 C可获得的会话 S的数据速率, f ^为本 小区向邻区借用的未使用频谱资源, 为邻区已使用的频谱; 为小区 C 在借用的已使用频谱上的发送功率, ?„,M为用户进行会话 S所需要的速率, SINR U为^户终端 U到小区 C的基站的信噪比, ^M为用户终端 U到小区 C的路 损, N为 N为噪声。
如果本小区没有借到合适的频谱资源, 则通知用户终端, 以便用户终端选 择下一会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入。如果用户终端直至所有候选小区选择 完毕, 都没有选择到合适的小区进行接入, 则拒绝该会话请求, 并更新阻塞率 Kcdr , 比如将阻塞率^ ^加1 , 即 = + 1。 在阻塞率^ ^达到阈值时, 增加 频语或重新分配 RAT, 比如重新配置为频语效率更高的 RAT, 等等, 以便重新 接入该会话。 由上可知, 本实施例除了可以实现实施例二的有效效果之外,在该小区负 载过重时,还可以通过借用频谱资源迁移来提高频谱效率; 在不能借用频谱资 源的情况下, 才启动用户终端的迁移, 即进行传统的切换; 并且, 在网络由于 整网负载太重已不能支持用户的使用时,可以通过增加频谱资源或 RAT重配来 自动升级为更高频谱效率的 RAT网络, 以支持用户的使用。 总之, 釆用该方案 可以自适应解决负载不均衡的问题, 在保证用户掉话率 /阻塞率等性能指标的 情况下, 提高系统的频谱效率, 应用具有普遍性, 可以应用于同构网络和异构 网络。 根据前面实施例所提供的方法, 在实施例五和实施例六中, 将分别以单 RAT的场景和多 RAT的场景为例作进一步详细说明。 实施例五、
在本实施例中, 将以单 RAT的场景为例进行说明。 对于单 RAT的场景, 所 有小区的 RAT会话支持程度一样,所以小区的选择取决于用户终端可获得的会 话数据速率、 当前的切换因子和频谱迁移因子。
例如, 在该单 RAT的场景中, 系统包括了 Cl、 C2和 C3这 3个候选小区, 其 中, Cl、 C2和 C3的 RAT会话支持程度一样, 均为 Mrai s , 用户终端 U在 Cl、 C2 和 C3中可获得的会话 S的数据速率分别为 Μ、 ^„和 3,„; 另外, Cl、 C2和 C3的频率迁移因子分别为 ; Cl 、 C2和 C3的切换因子分别为 、 " ^。和 加 。 则如图 3所示, 具体流程可以如下:
301、 用户终端 U发起会话 S时, 根据会话 S的会话类型获取各个小区对会 话 S的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、 各个 小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数; 具体如下:
( 1 )对于小区 C1
获取 C1对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 、 用户终端 U在 C1可获得的会话 S的数据速率 Μ、 C1的频率迁移因子^ ^和切换因子¾
( 2 )对于小区 C2
获取 C2对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 、 用户终端 U在 C2可获得的会话
S的数据速率 Rcl,u 、 C2的频率迁移因子 acl,ss和切换因子 acl,ho 。 (3)对于小区 C3
获取 C3对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 、 用户终端 U在 C3可获得的会话 S的数据速率 、 C3的频率迁移因子 和切换因子 ,A。。
具体获取这些参数时, 可以釆用如下方式:
各个小区中将自身的 AT会话支持程度、 用户终端可获得的会话数据速 率、 切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数相互进行传递, 然后由用户终端 U所在的 小区通过广播的方式进行下发, 以便用户终端 U进行接收, 当然, 也可以由用 户终端 U发送获取请求, 然后用户终端 U所在的小区接收到该获取请求后, 根 据获取请求下发相应的参数给用户终端 u, 当然, 还可以通过其他的方式, 在 此再赘述。
302、 用户终端 U根据获取到的各个小区的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端 在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参 数分别计算各个小区对于会话 S的会话匹配度。 具体如下:
( 1 )对于小区 C1 用户终端 U根据获取到的 Mra s 、 Rchu 、 ac s和 a , 利用公式
Ms^u = Mrat,sRc l + ac.ss - ft。)计算出 CI对于会话 S的会话匹配度 Μ^Μ为:
(2)对于小区 C2 用户终端 U根据获取到的 Mra s 、 Rc u 、 a^ss和 ac2,h0 , 利用公式 = Mrat,sRc l + ac,ss - ft。)计算出 C2对于会话 S的会话匹配度 M^M为:
(3)对于小区 C3 用户终端 U根据获取到的 Mra s 、 Rc u 、 ac ss和 ac3Jw , 利用公式 Ms,c,u = Mrat^u(l + ac,ss - ft。)计算出 C3对于会话 S的会话匹配度 MsAM为: MsAu = Mrat sRc ll (1 + ac ss - aci,ho )。 需说明的是, 该会话匹配度也可以由网络侧设备进行计算, 然后发送给用 户终端, 其计算方法与在用户终端侧一致, 具体可参见实施例一, 在此不再赘 述; 为了描述方便, 以下实施例均以由用户终端对会话匹配度进行计算为例进 行说明。
303、 用户终端 U选择具有最大匹配度的小区进行接入;
例如, 如果步骤 302中计算出的会话匹配度为: Ms,c u >Ms c2,u >MsAu , 则此 时用户终端 U选择 M l M所对应的小区, 即 C1进行接入。
需说明的是,如果存在多个小区的会话匹配度相同, 则选择这几个会话匹 配度相同的小区中负载最小的小区进行接入, 比如, 如果 与 M a相等, 而 Ms,cu所对应的小区 C1的负载又比 Ms,c2,u所对应的小区 C2的负载小, 则用户 终端选择 C1进行接入。
304、 所选小区进行接入控制(AC, Admission Control ) , 如果允许接入, 则表示接受该会话, 于是用户终端 U接入该所选小区。 此时, 所选小区更新切 换计数器的值 7^ , 流程结束。
例如, 如果在步骤 303中, 用户终端选择了 C1 , 则在本步骤(即步骤 304 ) 中, C1对用户终端 U所发起的会话 S进行接入控制, 如果允许接入, 则用户终 端接入 CI , C1更新切换计数器的值 rft , 比如, 对 rft加 1 , 流程结束。
当然, 如果不允许接入, 即接入失败, 则可以执行步骤 305。
其中, 切换计数器用于统计本小区的切换次数, 以便对负载均衡参数 (具 体为负载均衡参数中的切换因子)进行调整,具体的调整方法可参见实施例三, 在此不再赘述。
305、 如果所选小区不允许接入, 则该所选小区寻找其邻区未使用的频谱 资源, 判断寻找到的频谱资源是否满足该会话 S, 如果满足, 则 C1在自身的频 谱资源中添加该寻找到的频谱资源, 并更新小区频谱占用因子 Fra 然后将该 新添加的频谱资源提供给会话 S使用, 更新切换计数器的值 rft。,£ , 流程结束; 如果寻找到的频谱资源不满足该会话, 则通知用户终端 U选择下一匹配度最大 的小区, 然后执行步骤 306。
例如, 以所选的小区为 C1为例, 当 C1对会话 S进行接入控制时, 由于 C1 自身的频谱资源不足, 所以 C1从其邻区中寻找未使用的频谱资源, 如果邻区 存在符合会话 S需求的频谱资源, 则 C1将该寻找到的且符合会话 S需求的频谱 资源添加到自身的频谱资源列表中, 更新小区频谱占用因子 。 并将该新添 加的频谱资源提供给会话 S使用,流程结束;如果邻区不存在符合会话 S需求的 频谱资源, 则 C1通知用户终端 U选择下一匹配度最大的小区, 然后执行步骤 306。
306、 用户终端 U判断候选小区是否选择完, 如果否, 则选择下一匹配度 最大的小区, 然后返回执行步骤 304; 如果是, 则拒绝该会话请求, 或者, 也 可以执行步骤 307。
比如, 如果步骤 302中计算出的会话匹配度为: Ms ci u >MsAu >MsAu , 则此 时用户终端选择 C1的下一个匹配度最大的小区 C2, 然后返回执行步骤 304。 如 果直至候选小区选择完,都没有选择到合适的小区进行接入, 则拒绝该会话请 求, 或者, 也可以执行步骤 307。
307、 各个小区更新阻塞率^ ^, 比如将阻塞率^ ^加1 , 即^ ^ = ^^ + 1。 在阻塞率 Kcdr达到阈值时, 增加频谱或重新分配 RAT, 比如重新配置为频语效 率更高的 RAT, 等等, 以便重新接入该会话 S。
由上可知, 本实施例釆用根据各个小区的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在 各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数 来计算出各个小区的会话匹配度,使得用户终端可以根据各个 d、区的会话匹配 度来灵活地选择合适的小区进行接入, 以适应不同的网络负载情况, 由于用户 终端可以选择当前网络中最合适的小区进行接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负 载过高的小区中所导致的通话质量较差的情况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻 塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。
进一步的, 在该小区负载过重时,还可以通过借用频谱资源来提高频谱效 率; 在不能借用频谱资源的情况下, 才启动用户终端的迁移; 并且, 在网络由 于整网负载太重已不能支持用户的使用时,可以通过增加频谱资源或 RAT重配 来自动升级为更高频谱效率的 RAT网络, 以支持用户的使用。
总之, 釆用该方案可以自适应解决负载不均衡的问题,在保证用户掉话率
/阻塞率等性能指标的情况下, 提高系统的频谱效率, 应用具有普遍性, 可以 应用于同构网络和异构网络。 实施例六、
在本实施例中, 将以多 RAT的场景为例进行说明。 对于多 RAT的场景, 不 同 RAT对会话业务支持的程度不一样,所以小区的选择除了需要考虑用户终端 可获得的会话数据速率、 当前的切换因子和频谱迁移因子之外, 还需要考虑 RAT对会话业务支持的程度。
例如, 在该多 RAT的场景中, 系统包括了 Cl、 C2和 C3这 3个候选小区, 其 中, Cl、 C2和 C3的 RAT会话支持程度分别为 Mra 、 Mrat2J Mrat , 用户终端 U在 Cl、 C2和 C3中可获得的会话 S的数据速率分别为 M、 Rc2,u和 Rc3 , 另夕卜, Cl、 C2和 C3的频率迁移因子分别为¾^、 ac ss ^ ac ss \ Cl、 C2和 C3的切换因 子分别为¾2 和 。 则如图 4所示, 具体流程可以如下:
401、用户终端 U发起会话 S时,根据会话 S的会话类型获取各个小区的 RAT 会话支持程度、用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换 因子和频率迁移因子等参数; 具体如下:
( 1 )对于小区 C1
获取 C1对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 Mrai 、用户终端 U在 C1可获得的会话
S的数据速率 Rcl,u 、 C 1的频率迁移因子 ίί和切换因子 ac h0
( 2 )对于小区 C2
获取 C2对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 Mrai2 s、用户终端 U在 C2可获得的会话 S的数据速率 Rc2,u 、 C2的频率迁移因子 ac2,ss和切换因子 ac2
( 3 )对于小区 C3
获取 C3对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度 Mra 、用户终端 U在 C3可获得的会话 S的数据速率 、 C3的频率迁移因子 ^和切换因子 加 。
具体获取这些参数时, 可以釆用如下方式:
各个小区中将自身的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端可获得的会话数据速 率、 切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数相互进行传递, 然后由用户终端 U所在的 小区通过广播的方式进行下发, 以便用户终端 U进行接收, 当然, 也可以由用 户终端 U发送获取请求, 然后用户终端 U所在的小区接收到该获取请求后, 根 据获取请求下发相应的参数给用户终端 U, 当然, 还可以通过其他的方式, 在 此再赘述。 402、 用户终端 U根据获取到的各个小区对会话 S的 RAT会话支持程度、 用 户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因 子等参数分别计算各个小区对于会话 S的会话匹配度。 具体如下:
( 1 )对于小区 C1 用户终端 U根据获取到的 M 、 Rc u 、 ac ss和 ac h0 , 利用公式
L = Mrat,sRc l + ac,ss - ft。)计算出 C1对于会话 S的会话匹配度 为: 。
(2)对于小区 C2 用户终端 U根据获取到的 M 、 Rc2,u 、 a ss和 α , 利用公式 M^u = Mrat,sRc \ + ac,ss - ft。)计算出 C2对于会话 S的会话匹配度 ^为:
MsAu=Mratl,sRcl,u(l + acl,ss -ac2 )。
(3)对于小区 C3 用户终端 U根据获取到的 Mrat3,s 、 Rc u 、 ac ss和 ac , 利用公式
Ms,c,u = Mrat,sRc l + ac,ss - ft。)计算出 C3对于会话 S的会话匹配度 为: MsAu = Mrat sRc u (1 + ac ss - ac h0 )。 需说明的是, 该会话匹配度也可以由网络侧设备进行计算, 然后发送给用 户终端, 其计算方法与在用户终端侧一致, 在此不再赘述;
403、 用户终端 U选择具有最大匹配度的小区进行接入; 例如, 如果步骤 402中计算出的会话匹配度为: Ms,cl,u > Ms,c2,u > MsAu , 则此时用户终端 U选择 M la所对应的小区, 即 C1进行接入。
需说明的是,如果存在多个小区的会话匹配度相同, 则选择这几个会话匹 配度相同的小区中负载最小的小区进行接入。
404、 所选小区进行接入控制(AC, Admission Control ) , 如果允许接入, 则表示接受该会话, 于是用户终端 U接入该所选小区。 此时, 所选小区更新切 换计数器的值 r , 流程结束。 例如, 如果在步骤 403中, 用户终端选择了 C1 , 则在本步骤(即步骤 404 ) 中, C1对用户终端 U所发起的会话 S进行接入控制, 如果允许接入, 则用户终 端接入 CI , C1更新切换计数器的值 rft , 比如, 对 rft加 1 , 流程结束。
当然, 如果不允许接入, 即接入失败, 则可以执行步骤 405。
其中, 切换计数器用于统计本小区的切换次数, 以便对负载均衡参数 (具 体为负载均衡参数中的切换因子)进行调整,具体的调整方法可参见实施例三, 在此不再赘述。
405、 如果所选小区不允许接入, 则该所选小区寻找其同 RAT邻区 (即具 有相同的 RAT的邻区 )未使用的频谱资源, 判断寻找到的频谱资源是否满足该 会话 S, 如果满足, 则 C1在自身的频谱资源中添加该寻找到的频谱资源, 并更 新小区频谱占用因子 Fra 然后将该新添加的频谱资源提供给会话 S使用, 流 程结束; 如果寻找到的频谱资源不满足该会话, 则执行步骤 406。
406、 该所选小区寻找其异 RAT邻区 (即具有不同的 RAT的邻区) 未使用 的频谱资源, 判断寻找到的频谱资源是否满足该会话 S, 如果满足, 则 C1在自 身的频谱资源中添加该寻找到的频谱资源, 并更新小区频谱占用因子 Fra 然 后将该新添加的频谱资源提供给会话 S使用, 更新切换计数器的值 Γ¾,ε , 流程 结束; 如果寻找到的频谱资源不满足该会话, 则通知用户终端 U选择下一匹配 度最大的小区, 然后执行步骤 407。
407、 用户终端 U选择下一匹配度最大的小区, 然后返回执行步骤 404。 如果直至候选小区选择完,都没有选择到合适的小区进行接入, 则拒绝该 会话请求, 或者, 也可以执行步骤 408。
408、 各个小区更新阻塞率^ ^, 比如将阻塞率^ ^加1 , 即^ ^ = ^^ + 1。 在阻塞率 Kcdr达到阈值时, 增加频谱或重新分配 RAT, 比如重新配置为频语效 率更高的 RAT, 等等, 以便重新接入该会话 S。
本实施例具有与实施例五同样的有益效果, 不同的是, 本实施例应用在多
RAT的场景中, 而实施例五应用在单 RAT的场景中。 实施例七、
为了更好地实施以上的方法, 本发明实施例还相应地提供一种用户终端 , 如图 5a所示, 该用户终端包括获取单元 501和接入单元 502; 获取单元 501 , 用于获取各个小区的会话匹配度;
接入单元 502,用于根据获取单元 501获取到的各个小区的会话匹配度选择 小区进行接人。
其中,会话匹配度是根据用户终端需要发起的会话类型、用户终端在各个 小区可获得的会话数据速率(相当于信号强度 )和各个小区的负载均衡参数计 算所得的, 该会话匹配度既可以由用户终端来计算,也可以由网络侧设备来进 行计算, 即:
该获取单元 501 , 具体用于接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度, 该各个小区 发送的会话匹配度由各个小区根据用户终端需要发起的会话类型、用户终端在 各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区负载均衡参数计算所得。例如, 各 个小区可以获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型,然后根据各个小区自身 对该会话类型的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速 率、 各个小区自身的切换因子和频率迁移因子等参数计算出自身的会话匹配 度。
或者, 如图 5b所示, 该获取单元 501可以包括获取子单元 5011和计算子单 元 5012;
获取子单元 5011 , 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终 端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数;
计算子单元 5012, 用于根据获取子单元 5011获取到的会话类型、用户终端 可获得的会话数据速率和负载均衡参数分别计算各个小区的会话匹配度。
例: ¾口, 可以: ¾口下:
获取子单元 5011 , 具体用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用 户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率 Μ和各个小区的负载均衡参数; 其 中, 负载均衡参数包括频率迁移因子 和切换因子^。,根据会话类型获取各 个小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支持程度 Mra
计算子单元 5012, 具体用于根据公式 Ms,c,u = Mr+ ac,ss - acJ , 计算各个小区的会话匹配程度; 其中 M 为各个小区的会话匹配度。 具体可 参见前面实施例, 在此不再赞述。
则此时, 接入单元 502, 用于根据计算子单元 5012计算得到的会话匹配度 选择小区进行接入
可选的, 接入单元 502, 具体用于选择会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入; 可选的, 接入单元 502, 还用于如果该会话匹配度最大的小区超过一个, 则选择所述会话匹配度最大的小区中负载最小的小区进行接入, 或者, 随机选 择所述会话匹配度最大的小区中的任意一个小区进行接入。
可选的, 接入单元 502, 具体还用于如果接入失败, 则选择下一会话匹配 度最大的小区进行接入; 其中, 下一会话匹配度最大的小区指的是将小区的会 话匹配度由大到小进行排列, 位于会话匹配度最大的小区之后的下一个小区。
以上各个单元的具体实施可参见前面实施例, 在此不再赘述。
该用户终端具体可以为手机、 笔记本电脑和 PC等等。
由上可知, 本实施例釆用根据用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户 终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数来计算出各个 小区的会话匹配度, 使得用户终端的获取单元 501获取到该会话匹配度后, 接 入单元 502可以根据各个小区的会话匹配度来灵活地选择合适的小区进行接 入, 以适应不同的网络负载情况, 由于用户终端可以选择当前网络中最合适的 小区进行接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负载过高的小区中所导致的通话质量 较差的情况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。 实施例八、
相应的, 本发明实施例还提供一种网络侧设备, 如图 6a所示, 该网络侧设 备包括获取单元 601、 运算单元 602和发送单元 603;
获取单元 601 , 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、 用户终端 在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数;
运算单元 602, 用于根据获取单元 601获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小 区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度; 发送单元 603 , 用于将运算单元 602得到的会话匹配度发送给用户终端, 以 便用户终端根据的各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入;
当然, 为了节省网络资源,也可以由网络侧设备来根据会话匹配度为用户 终端选择小区, 然后将选择的小区通知给用户终端, 以便用户终端接入该选择 的小区。 即: 发送单元 603 , 还用于获取其他小区发送的会话匹配度, 根据本小区和其 他小区的会话匹配度为用户终端选择小区, 将该选择的小区通知给用户终端, 以便用户终端进行接入。
其中, 负载均衡参数可以包括切换因子和频率迁移因子;
则获取单元 601 , 具体用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、 用 户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率 M、本小区的频率迁移因子^ ^和切换 因子 A。, 根据会话类型获取本小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支 持程度 Mra ;
运算单元 602, 具体用于根据公式 M^^ Ad G + ^ -" ) , 计算各个 小区的会话匹配度; 其中, 为本小区的会话匹配度。 具体可参见前面实 施例, 在此不再赘述。
当然, 该网络侧设备, 还可以包括会话单元 607;
会话单元 607 , 用于对用户终端的会话接入进行接入控制,在允许接入时, 接受用户终端的接入。
进一步的, 为了控制切换带来的不利影响和提高频谱的效率, 可以对负载 均衡参数, 即频率迁移因子^ ^和切换因子 Α。进行调整, 以使得系统可以自动 优化用户的小区选择。 比如, 当一个小区拥有的频谱或小区负载发生变化时, 需要调整频率迁移因子^ 而当一个小区的会话切换较多时, 需要调整切换 因子^ »。 即如图 6所示, 该网络侧设备还可以包括第一调整单元 604和第二调 整单元 605;
第一调整单元 604, 用于根据小区的可用频谱资源调整频率迁移因子; 第二调整单元 605 , 用于根据小区的会话切换次数调整所述切换因子。 其中, 第一调整单元 604, 具体用于当本小区的可用频谱资源超过预置的 第一可用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置策略增大所述频率迁移因子; 当本小区的 可用频谱资源小于预置的第二可用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置策略减小所述频 率迁移因子; 其中, 第一可用频谱资源阈值大于第二可用频谱资源阈值。
第二调整单元 605 , 具体用于当本小区的会话切换次数超过预置的第一会 话切换次数阈值时,根据预置策略减小切换因子; 当本小区的会话切换次数小 于预置的第二会话切换次数阈值时, 根据预置策略增大切换因子; 其中, 第一 会话切换次数阈值大于第二会话切换次数阈值。
则获取单元 601 , 还用于获取第一调整单元 604得到的频率迁移因子和 /或 第二调整单元 605的切换因子。
运算单元 602, 还用于根据获取到的会话类型、 用户终端在本小区可获得 的会话数据速率、 本小区调整后的频率迁移因子和 /或调整后的切换因子计算 本小区的会话匹配度。
进一步的, 在小区选择中, 如果本小区被选中了, 但是本小区负载太重, 没有可用频谱资源, 则可以向本小区的邻区借用频谱资源, 即如图 6所示, 该 网络侧设备还可以包括频谱获取单元 606
频谱获取单元 606, 用于在终端选择本小区进行接入, 但本小区没有可用 频谱资源时, 获取本小区的邻区的未使用的频谱资源;
会话单元 607,用于确定频谱获取单元 606获取到的邻区的未使用的频谱资 源符合预置的会话需求时, 将该未使用的频谱资源提供给所述会话使用。
可选的, 频谱获取单元 606, 还用于在本小区的邻区不存在未使用的频谱 资源, 或存在未使用的频谱资源但不符合预置的会话需求时, 则获取本小区的 邻区的已使用的频谱资源;
会话单元 607,还用于若频谱获取单元 606获取到的已使用的频谱资源满足 预置策略时, 将该使用的频谱资源提供给所述会话使用。
进一步的, 该网络侧设备还可以包括负载获取单元和参数计算单元; 负载获取单元, 用于获取本小区和邻小区的负载信息;
参数计算单元,用于根据负载获取单元获取到的本小区和邻小区的负载信 息分别计算本小区和邻小区的可用频谱资源; 和 /或根据本小区和邻小区的负 载信息设置本小区的第一可用频谱资源阈值、第二可用频谱资源阈值、第一会 话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次数阈值。具体可参见前面实施例,在此不再 赘述。
或者, 除了可以由网络侧设备来设置本小区的第一可用频谱资源阈值、第 二可用频谱资源阈值、 第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次数阈值之外, 还可以由其他设备来计算并收集各个小区的这些参数, 然后提供给网络侧设 备, 即该网络侧设备还可以包括参数获取单元; 参数获取单元, 用于从 OAM中获取本小区的第一可用频谱资源阈值、 第 二可用频谱资源阈值、 第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次数阈值。
以上各个单元的具体实施可参见前面实施例, 在此不再赘述。
该网络侧设备具体可以为小区的基站 (即以上方法实施例中所提及的小 区)等设备
由上可知, 本实施例的网络侧设备的运算单元 602可以根据本小区的 RAT 会话支持程度、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率、本小区的切换因子 和频率迁移因子等参数来计算出本小区的会话匹配度, 然后由发送单元 603将 该会话匹配度发送给用户终端,使得用户终端可以根据会话匹配度来灵活地选 择合适的小区进行接入,同时通过自适应调整负载均衡参数来改变小区的会话 匹配度, 以适应不同的网络负载情况, 由于用户终端可以选择当前网络中最合 适的小区进行接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负载过高的小区中所导致的通话 质量较差的情况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。
进一步的, 在该小区负载过重时, 还可以由频谱获取单元 606通过借用频 谱资源来提高频谱效率; 在不能借用频谱资源的情况下, 才启动用户终端的迁 移; 并且, 在网络由于整网负载太重已不能支持用户的使用时, 可以通过增加 频谱资源或 RAT重配来自动升级为更高频谱效率的 RAT网络,以支持用户的使 用。 实施例九、
相应地, 本发明实施例还提供一种通信系统, 包括本发明实施例提供的任 一种用户终端和至少两个网络侧设备; 例如, 可以如下:
用户终端, 用于获取各个小区的会话匹配度, 其中, 该会话匹配度是根据 用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、该用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数 据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数计算所得的;根据该获取到的会话匹配度选 择小区进行接入。 其中, 负载均衡参数包括切换因子和频率迁移因子。
其中,会话匹配度既可以由用户终端来计算,也可以由网络侧设备来进行 计算, 如果该会话匹配度由用户终端来计算, 则该通信具体可以如下:
用户终端, 用于获取该用户终端自身需要发起的会话的会话类型、该用户 终端自身在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的负载均衡参数,根据 该会话类型、该用户终端自身在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和各个小区的 负载均衡参数计算各个小区的会话匹配度;
则此时, 对于每一个网络侧设备来说, 用于发送该用户终端在本小区(即 该网络侧设备所属的小区)可获得的会话数据速率和本小区(即该网络侧设备 所属的小区)负载均衡参数给该用户终端。 需说明的是, 由于会话是由用户终 端发起的, 所以用户终端本身可以获知该会话的会话类型, 所以, 为了节省流 量, 网络侧设备无需将该会话的会话类型通知给用户终端, 当然, 网络侧设备 也可以发送该会话的会话类型给用户终端。
例如, 用户终端, 具体用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型, 根 据该会话类型获取各个小区的对该会话类型的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在 各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子, 然后 根据该获取到的各个小区的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在各个小区可获得的 会话数据速率、 各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子计算本小区的会话匹配 度; 详见前面的方法实施例, 在此不再赞述。
如果该会话匹配度由网络侧设备来计算,则该通信系统还可以包括本发明 实施例提供的任一种网络侧设备; 即, 除了上述通信系统之外, 本发明实施例 还提供另一种通信系统, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络侧设备, 如下:
对于每一个网络侧设备来说, 用于获取本小区 (即该网络侧设备所属的小 区)的用户终端需要发起的会话的的会话类型、 用户终端在本小区(即该网络 侧设备所属的小区 )可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数,根据该 会话类型、 用户终端在本小区(即该网络侧设备所属的小区)可获得的会话数 据速率和本小区(即该网络侧设备所属的小区)的负载均衡参数计算本小区的 会话匹配度,将计算所得的会话匹配度发送给用户终端, 以便用户终端根据会 话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
则此时, 用户终端, 用于接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度, 根据各个小区 的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
例如, 网络侧设备, 具体用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型, 根据该会话类型获取本小区的对该会话类型的 RAT会话支持程度、用户终端在 本小区可获得的会话数据速率、本小区的切换因子和频率迁移因子, 然后根据 该获取到的本小区的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端可获得的会话数据速率、 切 换因子和频率迁移因子计算本小区的会话匹配度; 详见前面的方法实施例, 在 此不再赘述。
需说明的是, 为了节省网络资源,也可以由网络侧设备来根据会话匹配度 为用户终端选择小区, 然后将选择的小区通知给用户终端, 以便用户终端接入 该选择的小区, 即除了上述通信系统之外, 本发明实施例还提供又一种通信系 统, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络侧设备, 如下:
对于每一个网络侧设备来说, 用于获取本小区 (即该网络侧设备所在的小 区)的用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话 数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数,根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小 区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度, 获取其他小区发送的会话匹配度,根据本小区和其他小区 (即其他网络测设备 所属的小区)的会话匹配度为用户终端选择小区,将该选择的小区通知给用户 终端;
用户终端, 用于接收所在小区(即该用户终端所在的小区)的网络侧设备 发送的通知, 其中, 该通知指示为该用户终端选择的小区, 根据该通知进行接 入, 即用户终端根据网络侧设备所选择的小区进行接入。
在上述提供的三种通信系统中, 进一步的, 为了控制切换带来的不利影响 和提高频谱的效率,可以对频率迁移因子^ ^和切换因子 A。进行调整, 以使得 系统可以自动优化用户的小区选择。 即:
网络侧设备, 还用于根据小区的可用频谱资源来调整频率迁移因子 ^ , 以及根据小区的会话切换次数调整该切换因子^。; 具体调整方式可参见前面 实施例, 在此不再赘述。
进一步的, 在小区选择中, 如果本小区被选中了, 但是本小区负载太重, 没有可用频谱资源, 则网络侧设备还可以向本小区的邻区借用频谱资源, 即可 以确定邻区是否具有未使用的可用频谱资源,如果有, 并且这些频谱资源能满 足该用户会话的需求, 则本小区将这些频谱资源添加到自己的频谱资源中, 将 这些频谱资源提供给该会话使用。 即:
网络侧设备,还用于在本小区没有可用频谱资源时, 获取本小区的邻区的 未使用的频谱资源;确定获取到的邻区的未使用的频谱资源符合预置的会话需 求时, 将该未使用的频谱资源提供给所述会话使用。
如果邻区没有未使用的频谱资源,或者有未使用的频谱资源但不能满足该 会话需求, 则除了需要借用邻区的未使用频谱资源之外,还需要借用邻区已使 用的频谱资源。对于已使用的频谱的借用,优先选择邻区在该频谱上发送功率 最大的频语。 同时, 控制在借用的已使用频谱上的发送功率, 以保证对邻区的 干扰在可接受的范围。 即:
该网络侧设备,还用于在本小区的邻区不存在未使用的频谱资源, 或存在 未使用的频谱资源但不符合预置的会话需求时,则获取本小区的邻区的已使用 的频谱资源; 若获取到的已使用的频谱资源满足预置策略时,将该使用的频谱 资源提供给所述会话使用。 其中, 预置策略可以根据应用的需求进行设置。
以上设备的具体实施可参见前面实施例, 在此不再赘述。
由上可知, 本实施例的通信系统釆用根据各个小区的 RAT会话支持程度、 用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率、各个小区的切换因子和频率迁移 因子等参数来计算出各个小区的会话匹配度,使得用户终端可以根据各个 d、区 的会话匹配度来灵活地选择合适的小区进行接入,同时通过自适应调整负载均 衡参数来改变小区的会话匹配度, 以适应不同的网络负载情况, 由于用户终端 可以选择当前网络中最合适的小区进行接入,所以可以避免由于接入到负载过 高的小区中所导致的通话质量较差的情况的发生, 有利于降低掉话率 /阻塞率, 以及提高频谱效率。 进一步的, 在该小区负载过重时, 还可以通过借用频谱资 源来提高频谱效率; 在不能借用频谱资源的情况下, 才启动用户终端的迁移; 并且,在网络由于整网负载太重已不能支持用户的使用时, 可以通过增加频谱 资源或 RAT重配来自动升级为更高频谱效率的 RAT网络, 以支持用户的使用。
总之, 釆用该方案可以自适应解决负载不均衡的问题,在保证用户掉话率 /阻塞率等性能指标的情况下, 提高系统的频谱效率, 应用具有普遍性, 可以 应用于同构网络和异构网络。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步 骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,该程序可以存储于一计算机可读 存储介质中, 存储介质可以包括: 只读存储器(ROM, Read Only Memory ), 随机存取记忆体(RAM, Random Access Memory ) , 磁盘或光盘等。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种移动通信网络的接入方法、装置和系统 述, 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想; 同时, 对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围 上均会有改变之处, 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims

1、 一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取各个小区的会话匹配度,所述各个小区的会话匹配度根据用户终端需 要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速 率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数计算得到;
根据所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取各个小区的会话匹 配度包括:
获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终端在所述各个小区可获 得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数;
根据所述会话类型、用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所 述各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计算各个小区的会话匹配度。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 获取用户终端在所述各个小 区可获得的会话数据速率具体为:
根据用户终端到所述各个小区基站的信噪比和所述各个小区为会话分配 的最小资源单位计算用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取各个小区的会话匹 配度包括:
接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度,所述各个小区发送的会话匹配度由各个 小区根据用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端在所述各个小区 可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数计算所得。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述各 个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入包括:
选择会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入;
如果所述会话匹配度最大的小区超过一个,则选择所述会话匹配度最大的 小区中负载最小的小区进行接入, 或者, 随机选择所述会话匹配度最大的小区 中的任意一个小区进行接入。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述选择会话匹配度最大的 小区进行接入之后还包括: 如果接入失败, 则选择下一会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入; 其中, 下一 会话匹配度最大的小区指的是将小区的会话匹配度由大到小进行排列,位于会 话匹配度最大的小区之后的下一个小区。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述负载均衡参 数包括频率迁移因子^ ^和切换因子 A。,则所述根据会话类型、用户终端在所 述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的均衡参数分别计算各个 小区的会话匹配度包括:
根据会话类型获取各个小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支持 程度
根据公式 Α^ΜΜ(ι + -^。),计算各个小区的会话匹配度;其中, Μ为用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率, Α^,Μ为各个小区 的会话匹配度。
8、 一种移动通信网络的接入方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端在本小区可获得 的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参数;
根据获取到的会话类型、所述用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和 本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度;
将所述会话匹配度发送给用户终端,以便用户终端根据接收到的各个小区 的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入; 或者, 获取其他小区发送的会话匹配度, 根 据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为所述用户终端选择小区,将选择的小区通 知给所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终端进行接入。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 获取用户终端在本小区可获 得的会话数据速率包括:
根据用户终端到本小区基站的信噪比和本小区为会话分配的最小资源单 位计算用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述负载均衡参数包括频 率迁移因子^ ^和切换因子^。,则所述根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本 小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话 匹配度包括: 根据会话类型获取本小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支持程 度
根据公式 Μ^ΜΜ(1 + -^。),计算各个小区的会话匹配度;其中, Rc,u为用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率, Ms,c,u为本小区的会话匹 配度。
11、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述负载均衡参数包括频 率迁移因子和切换因子, 则该方法还包括:
根据本小区的可用频谱资源调整频率迁移因子; 以及,
根据本小区的会话切换次数调整所述切换因子;
则所述根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端可获得的会话数据速率和负载均 衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度包括: 根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本 小区可获得的会话数据速率、 本小区的调整后的频率迁移因子和 /或调整后的 切换因子, 计算本小区的会话匹配度。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据本小区的可用频 谱资源调整频率迁移因子包括:
当本小区的可用频谱资源超过预置的第一可用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置 策略增大所述频率迁移因子;
当本小区的可用频谱资源小于预置的第二可用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置 策略减小所述频率迁移因子;
其中, 第一可用频谱资源阈值大于第二可用频谱资源阈值。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据本小区的会话切 换次数调整所述切换因子包括:
当本小区的会话切换次数超过预置的第一会话切换次数阈值时,根据预置 策略减小切换因子;
当本小区的会话切换次数小于预置的第二会话切换次数阈值时,根据预置 策略增大切换因子;
其中, 第一会话切换次数阈值大于第二会话切换次数阈值。
14、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
获取本小区和邻小区的负载信息; 根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息分别计算本小区和邻小区的可用频谱资 源; 和 /或
根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息设置本小区的第一可用频谱资源阈值、第 二可用频谱资源阈值、 第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次数阈值。
15、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
从操作维护中心 OAM中获取本小区的第一可用频谱资源阈值、 第二可用 频谱资源阈值、 第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次数阈值。
16、 根据权利要求 8至 13任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 若终端选择本 'J、区进行接入, 则该方法还包括:
在本小区没有可用频谱资源时, 获取本小区的邻区的未使用频谱资源; 确定获取到的邻区的未使用频谱资源符合预置的会话需求时,将该未使用 频谱资源提供给该会话使用。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
在本小区的邻区不存在未使用频谱资源,或存在未使用频谱资源但不符合 预置的会话需求时, 则获取本小区的邻区的已使用频谱资源;
若获取到的已使用频谱资源满足预置策略时,将该已使用频谱资源提供给 该会话使用。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
在用户终端接入本小区后, 更新切换计数器的值, 所述切换计数器用于统 计本小区的切换次数, 以便对负载均衡参数进行调整。
19、 一种用户终端, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取单元, 用于获取各个小区的会话匹配度, 所述各个小区的会话匹配度 根据所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端在所述各个小区 可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数计算得到;
接入单元,用于根据获取单元获取到的所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小 区进行接入。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的用户终端, 其特征在于,
所述获取单元, 具体用于接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度, 所述各个小区 发送的会话匹配度由各个小区根据所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、 所述用户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载 均衡参数计算所得。
21、 根据权利要求 19所述的用户终端, 其特征在于,
所述接入单元, 具体用于选择会话匹配度最大的小区进行接入; 如果所述 会话匹配度最大的小区超过一个,则选择所述会话匹配度最大的小区中负载最 小的小区进行接入, 或者, 随机选择所述会话匹配度最大的小区中的任意一个 小区进行接入。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的用户终端, 其特征在于,
所述接入单元, 具体用于如果接入失败, 则选择下一会话匹配度最大的小 区进行接入; 其中, 下一会话匹配度最大的小区指的是将小区的会话匹配度由 大到小进行排列, 位于会话匹配度最大的小区之后的下一个小区。
23、 根据权利要求 19所述的用户终端, 其特征在于, 所述获取单元包括: 获取子单元, 用于获取所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用 户终端在所述各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参 数;
计算子单元, 用于根据所述会话类型、所述用户终端在所述各个小区可获 得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计算各个小区的会话 匹配度。
24、 根据权利要求 23所述的用户终端, 其特征在于,
所述获取子单元, 具体用于获取所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类 型、 用户终端在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率 Rc,u和各个小区的负载均衡参 数, 所述负载均衡参数包括频率迁移因子 和切换因子 A。,根据会话类型获 取各个小区对该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支持程度 ;
所述计算子单元, 具体用于根据公式 Ms,c,u: Ms,c,u = Mrat,sRc,u(l + ac,ss - ac,hJ , 计算各个小区的会话匹配程度; 其中 M 为各个小区的会话匹配度。
25、 一种网络侧设备, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取单元, 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、所述用户终端 在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区负载均衡参数;
运算单元, 用于根据获取到的会话类型、所述用户终端在本小区可获得的 会话数据速率和所述本小区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度; 发送单元, 用于将所述会话匹配度发送给所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终 端根据接收到的各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入; 或者, 获取其他小 区发送的会话匹配度,根据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为所述用户终端选 择小区, 将选择的小区通知给所述用户终端, 以便所述用户终端进行接入。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于,
所述获取单元, 具体用于获取所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、 所述用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述本小区的负载均衡参数, 所述负载均衡参数包括频率迁移因子和切换因子,根据会话类型获取本小区对 该会话类型的无线接入技术 RAT会话支持程度;
所述运算单元, 具体用于根据公式^ = ^人„(1 + -^。), 计算各个 小区的会话匹配度; 其中, M 为本小区的会话匹配度。
27、 根据权利要求 25所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 所述负载均衡参数包括频率迁移因子和切换因子;
第一调整单元, 用于根据本小区的可用频谱资源调整频率迁移因子; 第二调整单元, 用于根据本小区的会话切换次数调整所述切换因子; 则获取单元, 还用于获取第一调整单元得到的频率迁移因子和 /或第二调 整单元的切换因子;
运算单元,还用于根据获取到的会话类型、所述用户终端在本小区可获得 的会话数据速率、 本小区调整后的频率迁移因子和 /或调整后的切换因子计算 本小区的会话匹配度。
28、 根据权利要求 27所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于,
所述第一调整单元,具体用于当本小区的可用频谱资源超过预置的第一可 用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置策略增大所述频率迁移因子; 当本小区的可用频 谱资源小于预置的第二可用频谱资源阈值时,根据预置策略减小所述频率迁移 因子; 其中, 第一可用频谱资源阈值大于第二可用频谱资源阈值。
29、 根据权利要求 27所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于,
所述第二调整单元,具体用于当本小区的会话切换次数超过预置的第一会 话切换次数阈值时,根据预置策略减小切换因子; 当本小区的会话切换次数小 于预置的第二会话切换次数阈值时, 根据预置策略增大切换因子; 其中, 第一 会话切换次数阈值大于第二会话切换次数阈值。
30、 根据权利要求 28或 29所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 负载获取单元, 用于获取本小区和邻小区的负载信息;
参数计算单元,用于根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息分别计算本小区和邻 小区的可用频谱资源; 和 /或根据本小区和邻小区的负载信息设置本小区的第 一可用频谱资源阈值、第二可用频谱资源阈值、第一会话切换次数阈值和第二 会话切换次数阈值。
31、 根据权利要求 28或 29所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于, 还包括: 参数获取单元, 用于从操作维护中心 OAM中获取本小区的第一可用频谱 资源阈值、第二可用频谱资源阈值、第一会话切换次数阈值和第二会话切换次 数阈值。
32、根据权利要求 25至 29任一项所述的网络侧设备,其特征在于,还包括: 频谱获取单元, 用于在所述用户终端选择本小区进行接入,但本小区没有 可用频谱资源时, 获取本小区的邻区的未使用频谱资源;
会话单元,用于确定获取到的邻区的未使用频谱资源符合预置的会话需求 时, 将该未使用频谱资源提供给所述会话使用。
33、 根据权利要求 32所述的网络侧设备, 其特征在于,
所述频谱获取单元,还用于在本小区的邻区不存在未使用频谱资源, 或存 在未使用频谱资源但不符合预置的会话需求时,则获取本小区的邻区的已使用 频谱资源;
所述会话单元,还用于若获取到的已使用频谱资源满足预置策略时, 将该 已使用频谱资源提供给所述会话使用。
34、 一种通信系统, 其特征在于, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备; 所述用户终端, 用于获取自身需要发起的会话的会话类型、 自身在各个小 区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数,根据会话类型、 自 身在各个小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述各个小区的负载均衡参数分别计 算各个小区的会话匹配度, 根据所述各个小区的会话匹配度选择小区进行接 入; 每个网络侧设备,用于发送所述用户终端在所述网络侧设备所属的小区可 获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所属的小区的负载均衡参数给所述用 户终端。
35、 一种通信系统, 其特征在于, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备; 所述用户终端, 用于接收各个小区发送的会话匹配度,根据所述各个小区 的会话匹配度选择小区进行接入;
每个网络侧设备, 用于获取用户终端需要发起的会话的会话类型、用户终 端在所述网络侧设备所属的小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所 属的小区的负载均衡参数,根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在所述网络侧设 备所属的小区可获得的会话数据速率和所述网络侧设备所属的小区的负载均 衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度, 将所述会话匹配度发送给用户终端。
36、 一种通信系统, 其特征在于, 包括用户终端和至少两个网络测设备; 所述用户终端, 用于接收所在小区的网络侧设备发送的通知, 所述通知指 示为所述用户终端选择的小区, 根据所述通知进行接入;
每个网络侧设备,用于获取本小区的所述用户终端需要发起的会话的会话 类型、 所述用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小区的负载均衡参 数,根据获取到的会话类型、用户终端在本小区可获得的会话数据速率和本小 区的负载均衡参数计算本小区的会话匹配度, 获取其他小区发送的会话匹配 度,根据本小区和其他小区的会话匹配度为所述用户终端选择小区,将该选择 的小区通知给所述用户终端。
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