WO2012102619A2 - Dispositif et procédé de traitement de matériaux - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de traitement de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012102619A2
WO2012102619A2 PCT/NO2012/000007 NO2012000007W WO2012102619A2 WO 2012102619 A2 WO2012102619 A2 WO 2012102619A2 NO 2012000007 W NO2012000007 W NO 2012000007W WO 2012102619 A2 WO2012102619 A2 WO 2012102619A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
nozzle
chamber region
region
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2012/000007
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English (en)
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WO2012102619A3 (fr
Inventor
Philip John Risby
Original Assignee
Agroplas Asa
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Publication date
Application filed by Agroplas Asa filed Critical Agroplas Asa
Publication of WO2012102619A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012102619A2/fr
Publication of WO2012102619A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012102619A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06—Jet mills
    • B02C19/061—Jet mills of the cylindrical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets

Definitions

  • a materials processing device and method A materials processing device and method
  • the invention generally concerns material processing, and in particular to a device and a method for processing materials using vortex air-flow. More particularly, the invention concerns a device as set out in the preamble to the independent claim 1 and a method as set out in the preamble to the independent claim 9.
  • the double eddy cyclone is well known and has for several decades been a standard component in e.g. separators and dust collection equipment. As defined in
  • cyclonic separation is a method of removing particulates from an air, gas or water stream, without the use of filters, through vortex separation. Rotational effects and gravity are used to separate mixtures of solids and fluids.
  • a high speed rotating (air)flow is established within a cylindrical or conical container called a cyclone. Air flows in a spiral pattern, beginning at the top (wide end) of the cyclone and ending at the bottom (narrow) end before exiting the cyclone in a straight stream through the center of the cyclone and out the top.
  • the cyclonic vortex principle is also used in the Sturtevant Micronizer ® , a jet mill (fluid energy mill) employing compressed air or gas to produce particles less than one micron. Inside the Micronizer, precisely aligned jets create a vortex. Material is fed into this vortex along an engineered tangent circle and accelerates. High-speed rotation subjects the material to particle-on-particle impact, creating increasingly smaller fines. While centrifugal force drives large particles toward the perimeter, fine particles move toward the center where they exit through the vortex finder.
  • Sturtevant Micronizer ® a jet mill (fluid energy mill) employing compressed air or gas to produce particles less than one micron. Inside the Micronizer, precisely aligned jets create a vortex. Material is fed into this vortex along an engineered tangent circle and accelerates. High-speed rotation subjects the material to particle-on-particle impact, creating increasingly smaller fines. While centrifugal force drives large particles toward the perimeter, fine particles move toward the center
  • the state of the art also includes US 6 412 716 (by Robinson), which relates to particularly pulverization and dehydration of municipal sludge using cyclonic device.
  • the device uses high-speed air to disintegrate the sludge particle and concurrently dehydrate the sludge through dehumidification and by increasing the surface area through disintegration.
  • the air and pulverized material is separated in the cyclone due to centrifugal and gravitational forces acting on the solid particles and vortex motion of the air.
  • the exhaust air and pulverized and dried municipal sludge further need sterilization to remove pathogens.
  • the sterilized, dehydrated and disintegrated sludge needs to be disposed in the landfill.
  • the state of the art also includes US 2004/0182957 (by Gomez), which relates to pulverizing and drying solids using a vortex machine.
  • the machine has two air fans at the inlet and outlet to cause vortex formation within a tubular device.
  • the solids are injected in the tube and intense vortex action causes solid material to interact with high impact causing them to pulverize.
  • Microwave energy is introduced in the pulverizing section of the device to further intensify the vortex action.
  • the coarser solids are removed through built-in screen, and finer solids and air are exhausted. Air/solid fines separation is further required.
  • the separated solids need further appropriate disposal.
  • a device for processing materials by intimate contact with a plurality of gaseous streams comprising a chamber having: - a first chamber region with a substantially circular wall and being connected to material feeding means;
  • the device further comprises one or more pulse generators configured for imparting pressure pulses on a gas flowing through a plurality of nozzles, each nozzle having an inlet, an internal bore, and an exit opening in fluid communication with the second chamber region, and where each nozzle and/or exit opening is configured and arranged such that the nozzle exit gaseous flow enters the second chamber region tangentially or at an acute angle to the chamber inner wall.
  • the pulse generator for each nozzle comprises a member extending a distance into the nozzle bore, thus defining a nozzle-internal orifice and a cavity.
  • the pulse generator for each nozzle comprises a first channel for supply of a second gas, fluidly connected to a chamber, and wherein the chamber is fluidly connected to a second channel having an opening inside the nozzle, adjacent to and before the exit opening.
  • the pulse generator comprises a pulsejet engine, ejecting a high-pressure pulsed gaseous flow into the nozzle or nozzles.
  • the first chamber region may have a shredding member for treating the materials before they enter the second chamber region.
  • an end of the exhaust channel extends into the second chamber region and/or the first chamber region, and comprises a plurality of vertical tubes.
  • the third chamber region may have a downwardly extending frusto-conical shape and may optionally include a concentrically arranged inner sieve, arranged so as to define a frusto-conical annulus between the sieve and the chamber inner wall.
  • a first annular weir is arranged on the internal wall between the second chamber region and the third chamber region, and/or a second annular weir arranged on the internal wall between the first chamber region and the second chamber region.
  • the method is characterized by imparting pressure pulses on the gaseous flow flowing through the nozzle and ejecting the resulting pulsed gaseous flow tangentially or at an acute angle to the chamber wall into the first chamber region in order to generate a sheet vortex along the wall or the first chamber region.
  • the feedstock is introduced into first chamber region and optionally also into the second chamber region.
  • the pressure pulses are generated by feeding the gaseous flow into a nozzle, past a restriction and into a cavity, so as to introduce turbulence in the cavity in the form of Shockwave pulses.
  • the pressure pulses are generated by feeding the gaseous flow into a nozzle, and in addition feeding an independently controlled pulsed secondary gaseous flow into a cavity having an outlet channel which is narrower than the inlet channel, and the outlet channel having an opening adjacent to the exit opening.
  • the pressure pulses are generated by a pulsejet.
  • the invented method is useful for processing materials comprising one or more of the members of a group comprising of: very hard solids, minerals, clays, wastes, contaminated liquids, biomass, grains, sludge, slurries, glass, paper, wood, plastics, sand, chemicals, and carpets.
  • the invented method is useful in processes comprising one or more of the members of a group comprising: drying, pulverizing, moisture removal, separation, flash cooking, gasifying, disintegration, and particle coatings.
  • the invention provides an efficient device for processing a wide variety of materials by means of a pulsed airflow to a cyclonic chamber.
  • the materials processed may include very hard solids, minerals, clays, wastes, contaminated liquids, biomass, grains, sludge, slurries, glass, paper, wood, plastics, sand, chemicals, carpets and more, and the range of processes that may be applied within the device include drying, pulverizing, moisture removal, separation, flash cooking, gasifying, disintegration and particle coatings.
  • the advantages of the invented device over currently available systems include capability to process materials that currently cannot be processed, such as separation of membranes from eggshell wastes, separation of carpet fibers from bitumen backing, rapid coating of fine particles with metals, and more.
  • this device offers significant reduction of energy consumption, multiple processes in one step, lower operating costs due to reduced consumables, high reliability, and unique performance for some feeds and processes not currently available in commercial production environment by other technologies.
  • Another advantage of this device is that it uses relatively low-pressure air as its motive force, and when heat may be also of advantage in some processing conditions, it can use low-grade heat, enabling the device to integrate with such systems that may produce waste heat and excess process air.
  • the device integrates well with CHP (combined heat and power) turbine installations, resulting in the potential for significant improvements in energy efficiency of a complete integrated system.
  • the invention is capable of significantly reducing the energy consumption of processing materials, reducing process steps, reducing operating cost and increasing reliability.
  • the invention makes use of the multiplex of forces encountered by encouraging a pulsing flow of air to form into a rotating array of natural vortices constrained by an enclosure.
  • the device may be used for drying, water separation, moisture removal, particle size reduction, microniszation, flash cooking, gasifying, feed material separation, disintegration, and particle coatings, or for two or more of these processes simultaneously.
  • the invented device and method is used in conjunction with a chamber, similar to the shape of a cyclone, so formed as to encourage the formation of a double vortex, consisting of a primary vortex in the main body of the chamber and a secondary vortex that passes through the center of the principal vortex to exit in an upper exhaust port.
  • the chamber has a circular cross-section that may incorporate vortex inducers such as Helmholtz resonators, spiraling grooves in the chamber wall, or axially oriented, narrow slits.
  • vortex inducers such as Helmholtz resonators, spiraling grooves in the chamber wall, or axially oriented, narrow slits.
  • the chamber is supplied with high velocity pulsed airflow by means of a plurality of nozzles mounted on the outer wall of the chamber.
  • the airflow may be pulsed by any one of a number of means including pulsing caused by cavities within the nozzle or pulsing caused by Helmholtz resonators positioned at or near the outlets of the nozzles.
  • each nozzle may be supplied with a secondary high-pressure low-volume air supply that -may be independently controlled so as- to provide- a mechanism controlling the pulsation of the main body of air flow.
  • the primary air supply may be at very low pressure ( ⁇ 5 psi), whereby the secondary air supply entrains and enhances the effects of the primary air supply.
  • the air may be supplied by standard air supply means such as blowers, fans or compressors.
  • warmed air from a low-pressure high volume air supply may be supplied through one or more nozzles, or a means of applying heat to the primary air may be incorporated.
  • the primary air supply is provided by means of a pulsejet system operating from fuel gas such as propane, or liquid fuels such as diesel, petrol or kerosene.
  • fuel gas such as propane
  • liquid fuels such as diesel, petrol or kerosene.
  • the nozzles are designed and arranged so as to create an additional third vortex in the form of a sheet vortex along the walls of the chamber, either by means of the design of nozzle form, or by use of the high-pressure secondary air supply or in other embodiments by means of the shape of channels cut into the walls of the chamber (irregular chamber surface design).
  • the nozzles are designed to include the principles of Hilsch tubes, such that the air is cooled upon exit into the chamber, assisting the processing of temperature sensitive soft or elastic materials such as plastics.
  • the chamber has three distinctly defined zones or regions, an upper slower motion region, immediately above the plane of the nozzles, a high speed region formed by the area in which the nozzles discharge the high speed motive air, and a lower region which may be conical in shape with either concave or straight sides, in which processed materials are separated from the main air stream.
  • a removable and replaceable liner is fitted to or near the walls of the chamber, which may provide either the source material for particle coatings or an anti-abrasive layer to prevent abrasion by some hard feed materials.
  • a liner may prevent feed materials from sticking to the wall of the chamber before being processed by the high velocity air.
  • the walls of the chamber are fitted with vertical channels designed and shaped so as to create additional turbulence enhancing the sheet vortex produced by the nozzles, further assisting the processing of soft and elastic materials such as plastics.
  • annular discs or weirs may be inserted between different sections of the chamber to increase the residency time in different sections of the process.
  • the benefits of such disc may include improved moisture removal or means to classify -the particle size in the output port.
  • the upper walls of the chamber are fitted with movable metal spikes or metal half tubes, or vanes, so as to increase turbulence, redirect the process material and control airflows within the upper chamber relative to other chambers.
  • feed material ports are provided in one of two positions, depending upon the feed material and the desired process.
  • the feed materials ports are located in the upper chamber top plate.
  • the feed material ports are located in the chamber walls, immediately behind the nozzles or as may be the case, incorporated into the structure of the nozzle. Other positions for the feed port may also be considered for some materials.
  • a processed materials exit port is fitted to the lower extremity of the cone permitting the processed material to be collected with or without an airflow.
  • the processed materials exit port may be fitted with an expansion chamber and processed material collection means.
  • the processed materials exit port may be fitted with a classifier to provide a further materials separation stage.
  • the processed material exit port may also be fitted with air nozzles to circulate the processed material differentiating between component fractions of the processed material, thereby permitting collection of different fractions at different ports.
  • An air exhaust port is fitted centrally and concentrically to the upper region, in such a manner as to permit exhaust air to be removed.
  • a tube is fitted to the exhaust port in such a manner as to extend to an adjustable extent into the upper chamber.
  • this tube Within this tube are a number of smaller tubes, fitted internally in such a manner as to cause the vortex motion and therefore processing energy to remain in the chamber and not be passed into the exhaust air output flow.
  • the exhaust port may be ducted to an extractor fan and filtration systems.
  • a magnetron and waveguide is fitted such that microwaves are directed into the upper chamber region to impart additional energy into the material being processed.
  • the first object of this invention is to process material in as energy efficient a way as possible, thereby reducing the negative impact on the environment of current processing systems.
  • the second objective of this device is to provide unique processing of certain feed materials at a commercially viable scale of operation.
  • the device rapidly separates the calcium compound of the eggshell from the membranes and any egg-white remains, providing an output of clean dry powdered eggshell flour and cooked eggshell membrane and egg-white.
  • the device has been used to process clay shreds, wherein clay platelets of order of less than 2 microns, are naturally hexagonal shaped plates. Conventional drying and grinding damages these delicate hexagonal plates, resulting in a loss of the properties valued by clay end users.
  • This device has been shown to produce considerably less clay platelet damage and therefore enhance the value of the dried clay. At the same time, it as been shown that this device also offers an energy saving or around 33% over conventional pin mill and hot air clay processing methods.
  • the third objective of this device is to provide a rapid and economical method of coating each and every particle of certain feed materials.
  • a liner of iron was used to process silica sand.
  • Each particle of sand was coated with a partial layer of iron.
  • a review of iron coated silica powder has been made by the University of East Yale, using an electron-scanning microscope. Iron coated silica particles have been found to be of benefit for the remediation of contaminated ground waters.
  • the device is configured such that the air velocity is increased to a point just before unacceptable particle size reduction takes place.
  • the nozzles can be configured to increase the volume of air flow without increasing the air-flow speed.
  • This invention can readily provide output product particles in the size range of 100 micron or less, down to the submicron particle size.
  • the air flow volume may be reduced and air-flow velocity increased. This requires higher air pressures from the air supply source and lower volumes.
  • the ultimate limit of size reduction is when the particle size is smaller than is detectable. In these conditions the air feed pressure is increased, the high pressure air feed to the nozzles is also increased and the cone separator is closed.
  • the pulsed air from the nozzles form standing shock waves within the primary vortex. It has been observed from processing eggshells that egg whites were cooked in an extremely short period of time. It has been observed that relatively high instantaneous temperatures exist in the vortex that can be used for flash heat treatment of some materials.
  • the invention is capable of processing feeds with differing mechanical properties in different ways.
  • the effect of air of the vortex on low density high surface area materials is lifferent than. that of high density compact smooth. particles.
  • the device may be configured, by means of the many embodiments described, such that multiple component feed may be separated and the individual components processed in different ways.
  • Examples of this are separating carpet fibres from backing material, glass from plastics, soft metals from stone and more.
  • the device can be configured to process materials such as clay, which is composed of micro plates of hexagonal form.
  • the device further creates a static charge that can interact with charges present on the particles of feed materials causing separation of densely packed feed materials.
  • air feed pressures and air velocities should be limited to the lower end of the range, otherwise damage of the material may result.
  • maximum air feed pressure should be less than 9 psi.
  • This invention is capable of coating feed particles by the use of a sacrificial liner material, or other suitable component such as sacrificial rods or bars, inside the chamber in the nozzle section.
  • a sacrificial liner material or other suitable component such as sacrificial rods or bars
  • the output product is iron-coated silica.
  • the nozzles are fed with low pressure air feed and the chamber wall profile is smooth, permitting the feed material to abrade against the chamber wall in the nozzle region thereby picking up a coating of the material of the sacrificial components.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, defining also a longitudinal central axis c-c of the device;
  • Figure 2a is a sectional view in a plane perpendicular to the central axis, in the nozzle region;
  • Figure 2b is a sectional view similar to that of figure 2a, showing an alternative shape of the nozzle region;
  • Figure 3 is a part-sectional view of another alternative internal wall configuration of the nozzle region, comprising narrow slits extending substantially parallel with the central axis;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view similar of the nozzle region, but showing only one nozzle (for clarity of illustration), and also illustrating flow conditions in the nozzle region;
  • Figure 5 is a drawing similar to figure 1 , but is a transparent view, illustrating the internal arrangement of key components
  • Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view along the central axis, illustrating flow conditions in the chamber (items illustrated in figure 5 have been omitted for the purpose of clarity of illustration);
  • Figure 7 is a schematic sectional side view of a first embodiment of the nozzle
  • Figure 8 is a schematic sectional side view of a second embodiment of the nozzle.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic sectional side view of a third embodiment of the nozzle.
  • the invented device comprises a chamber 101 having three distinct operating regions: a feed region 101a, a nozzle region 101b, and a separation region 102. These regions will be described in more detail below.
  • a plurality of nozzles 501 are mounted at regular intervals around the chamber and extend through the chamber wall in the nozzle region 101b and directed in a manner best suited to encourage a vortex within the chamber (to be described later).
  • a gas flow (typically air flow) F is fed into the nozzles 501 at low pressure and high volume.
  • air pressures typically not exceeding 20 psi are suitable, with pressures as low as 1 psi serving some applications and feed materials. The lower the supplied air pressure, the less energy is consumed by the device for a given rate of air-flow.
  • Air may be typically supplied from one or more single or multiple stage blowers (not shown), via a common manifold (not shown) and into each nozzle.
  • the air flow F may also be supplied to the nozzles from one or more turbines or micro-turbines (not shown).
  • the air and excess heat from a so-called Combined Heat and Power (CHP) system may be used to further enhance the processes and increase overall system efficiency.
  • a heat exchanger may also be incorporated in the air flow F upstream of the nozzle so as to transfer either waste heat from another process or generated heat from an external source into the air flow.
  • the nozzle region 101b has a circular cross-sectional shape (see e.g. figures 2a and 2b), and the nozzles 501 are arranged around the nozzle region periphery and oriented such that the flows exiting the nozzles enter the nozzle region at an acute angle or a tangent to the chamber.
  • figures 2a and 2b indicate the nozzle exit direction, and not necessarily the orientation of the nozzles per se.
  • the nozzle may be mounted to the chamber wall 202 in a radial orientation via the brackets 51 1 , but the nozzle exit slot
  • the nozzle region 101b may optionally comprise a cross- section having multi-lead spirals 201.
  • the walls of the nozzle region 101b may optionally have long and narrow cavities (slits) 301 of profile dependent upon use to further induce and strengthen the sheet vortices V. This is particularly effective for processing elastic materials such as plastics and rubber.
  • the walls of the chamber are fitted with replaceable anti-abrasion material, such as polypropylene or similar plastics
  • the resultant air-flow from each nozzle 501 is directed into the nozzle region 101b such that a powerful primary vortex PV is formed.
  • the chamber may be of irregular shape formed by a series of channels or grooves 301 (see figure 3) so as to induce turbulence.
  • the internal walls of the nozzle region 101b may be manufactured from a variety of materials, including fibreglass, steel or plastics. In addition, the walls may be fitted with removable liner depending upon the intended application and function of the device.
  • the feed region 101a is arranged above the nozzle region 101b and comprises a feeding inlet 104 in the chamber top plate 404.
  • An exhaust port 1 10 - which will be described later - is arranged concentric with the central axis c-c and extends a distance into the chamber. No physical separation of these regions is desired or required; one region being entirely open to the adjacent region.
  • the physical shape of the feed region 101a is always circular (not multi-lead spiral, as the nozzle region may optionally be) and with a rounded curvature 12 from walls of feed region into the top plate 404. This provides a means of feeding the feed material via centrifugal forces down the sides of the feed region and into the nozzle region.
  • feed inlet 104 To the feeding inlet 104 is connected one or more feed systems (not shown), these being e.g. positive screw feeders, air powered entrainment feeders, or other suitable known feed means, as required by the feed material.
  • the feed region 101a may optionally be fitted with rasp blades or combs 1 14 to provide cleaning action for such feeds as carpet wastes, where the fibres are cleaned of backing materials and disentangled.
  • These combs 1 14 may be of rotary design permitting fibres to be removed from the nozzle region.
  • Other feed mechanisms may be used as appropriate for specific materials and applications.
  • the separation region 102 comprising a cone shaped wall of circular cross section, concentric with the central axis c-c.
  • the cone angle is such that the performance of the separation region is optimized.
  • the magnitude of this angle may be determined to suit the density of the feed product to be processed.
  • An inner cone 106 of sieve type material is in one embodiment of the device fitted concentric with the central axis c-c, i.e. concentric with the cone shaped wall of the separation region 102, such that solid particles may pass through the inner cone 106 and into the annulus between the inner cone and the chamber wall, but while retaining fibrous materials within the sieve cone. This provides the means to separate fibrous fractions from particulates, for example carpet fibres from backing material, valued in carpet recycling applications.
  • An annular separator weir 1 1 1 may optionally be placed between the nozzle region 101b and the separation region 102. This is particularly effective when the feed material is required to be held in the nozzle region and not 'bounced' into the separation region. Plastics, rubbers and some sludge materials typically may benefit from this embodiment.
  • the lower end of the separation region 102 is fitted with a sealed but vented expansion chamber 107, permitting either atmospheric air pressure to interface with the vortex at the bottom opening 1 16 of the cone via port 108, or an air feed to be applied through port 108 and a nozzle 1 15 fitted such that the circulating air out of the separation chamber is either increased or decreased in velocity, according to the material properties and separation requirements.
  • the expansion chamber 107 collects the powder product in a container 109, and in the case of multiple component feeds, of differing mechanical properties, it is possible to collect different product fractions at different locations in the container, with the aid of a separation cone 1 12 inside the expansion chamber 107 and or a tangential port (not shown) fitted to the container 109.
  • the container 109 may also be fitted with, or replaced, by conventional continuous product discharging means (not shown), such as, but not limited to, a screw conveyor to continuously remove the product(s) from the device.
  • the secondary vortex SV is effectively stripped of angular momentum by a plurality of vertical tubes 1 03, located in a cartridge inside the exhaust port 1 10.
  • the vertical position of the lower end of the exhaust port 1 10, holding the cartridge with the smaller tubes 103, determines the relative position of the vortices within the device, and the relative air-flows through exhaust and product ports.
  • the low-pressure, high volume, air is conveniently divided into a number of air streams through a manifold of tubes (not shown) to feed one or more nozzles 501.
  • a manifold of tubes not shown
  • Three embodiments of the nozzle 501 will now be described in more detail, particularly with reference to figures 7, 8 and 9.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a first embodiment of the nozzle.
  • an air-flow F passes into the nozzle 501 a through an inlet 512, it is directed past a restriction 504 and into a cavity 503.
  • the restriction 504 defines a nozzle-internal orifice 514, and the cavity 503 functions as a resonator, so as to introduce turbulence in the cavity in the form of Shockwave pulses.
  • the cavity 503 is located as close as possible to the nozzle exit slot 502a and may form a part of the slot wall.
  • the restriction 504 is a plate-shaped, resilient, element which will vibrate under the influence of the air flow and impart pulses to the air flow.
  • the cavity 503 may be built into or attached and coupled to the walls of the chamber such that the air flows over the cavity entrance port.
  • the nozzle exit slot 502a is in this embodiment in the form of a vertical slit of high aspect ratio such that the air-flow is accelerated when exiting the nozzle.
  • the angled lip 509 is configured to ensure tangential nozzle exit flow E.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the nozzle.
  • An air-flow F passes into the nozzle 501b through the inlet 512 and towards an exit orifice 502b.
  • a secondary air supply S of high-pressure and low volume is independently is fed via an opening 506 into a chamber 505 in the nozzle.
  • the chamber 505 functions as a resonance chamber and generates turbulent Shockwave pulses, utilizing the Helmholtz effect.
  • the high-pressure air is forced from the chamber, through a narrow exit 508 and exits through a narrow slit 507 at very high supersonic velocity.
  • This supersonic airflow from the slit 507 entrains the lower pressure air F, accelerating the air and redirecting the high volume air into the desired nozzle exit direction at the exit slot 502b.
  • the nozzle effectively converts low-pressure high volume air into directionally pulsed high velocity sheet of air with a number of secondary induced vortices.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a third embodiment of the nozzle.
  • air is produced from a pulsejet 515 which is well known in the art.
  • the pulsejet comprises in the illustrated embodiment a one-way intake 517 for the air-flow F and a fuel conduit 516 leading into a combustion chamber 518.
  • the pulsejet is mounted directly on the inlet 512 of the nozzle 501 c. Pulsed air exits the nozzle 501c at exit opening 502c, at an acute angle with internal wall 202.
  • All embodiments of the nozzle may optionally be fitted with a materials feed port 510, located close to the nozzle exit 502a, 502b, such that the materials fed through the port 510 experience the negative pressure induced by the high velocity air flow exiting from the nozzle. This is found advantageous for feeds of liquid slurries and sludge.
  • vapours e.g. steam
  • inert gases e.g. inert gases

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de traitement de matériaux comportant une chambre (101) comprenant une première région (101b) de chambre dotée d'une paroi intérieure (202) sensiblement circulaire et reliée à des moyens (101a ; 510) d'amenée de matériaux, et une deuxième région (102) de chambre reliée fluidiquement à, et placée au-dessous de, la première région de chambre et présentant une forme tronconique s'étendant vers le bas et une ouverture inférieure (116). Un conduit (110) d'échappement de gaz est placé de façon concentrique à l'axe (c-c) de la chambre et s'étend sur une certaine distance dans la chambre. Le dispositif comporte une pluralité de buses (501), chaque buse étant dotée d'une entrée (512), d'un alésage interne et d'une ouverture (502a ; 502b) de sortie en communication fluidique avec la première région (101b) de chambre, ainsi qu'un générateur (504, 503; 505, 507, 508) d'impulsions configuré pour communiquer des impulsions de pression à un gaz (F) circulant à travers la buse. Pendant le fonctionnement du dispositif, des impulsions de pression sont communiquées à l'écoulement gazeux (F) circulant à travers la buse et l'écoulement gazeux pulsé (E) résultant est éjecté tangentiellement dans la première région (101b) de chambre afin de générer un ensemble tournant de tourbillons à l'intérieur de la chambre. Typiquement, le dispositif et le procédé sont utiles par ex. pour le séchage, la séparation, la pulvérisation et le revêtement de particules.
PCT/NO2012/000007 2011-01-24 2012-01-24 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de matériaux WO2012102619A2 (fr)

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NO20110105 2011-01-24
NO20110105 2011-01-24

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WO2012102619A3 WO2012102619A3 (fr) 2012-10-26

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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WO2014206454A1 (fr) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Agroplas Asa Procédé permettant de sécher de la biomasse solide
JP2017217576A (ja) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-14 株式会社日清製粉グループ本社 サイクロン装置
CH713628A1 (de) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-28 Lpt Ag Lantos Project Tech Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung und Trocknung von Abfallstoffen, Schlacken, Gesteinen und dergleichen Materialien.
NO20170913A1 (no) * 2017-06-02 2018-12-03 Standard Bio As Syklonprosessor og fremgangsmåte for oppstart og innstilling av syklonprosessoren
TWI688535B (zh) * 2018-04-16 2020-03-21 日商川崎重工業股份有限公司 帶式輸送機
US11046481B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-06-29 Alpla Werke Alwin Lehner Gmbh & Co. Kg Stand sleeve for a plastic container capable of withstanding internal pressure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103111360A (zh) * 2013-01-31 2013-05-22 冯愚斌 废塑料碎片的泥沙分离装置和方法
WO2014206454A1 (fr) * 2013-06-26 2014-12-31 Agroplas Asa Procédé permettant de sécher de la biomasse solide
JP2017217576A (ja) * 2016-06-03 2017-12-14 株式会社日清製粉グループ本社 サイクロン装置
US11046481B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-06-29 Alpla Werke Alwin Lehner Gmbh & Co. Kg Stand sleeve for a plastic container capable of withstanding internal pressure
JP2020516443A (ja) * 2017-03-27 2020-06-11 エル・ピー・ティー ラントス プロジェクト テクノロジー アー・ゲーＬＰＴ Ｌａｎｔｏｓ Ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ＡＧ 廃棄物、スラグ、岩石およびこれらに類する材料を破砕および乾燥する装置
CN110505922A (zh) * 2017-03-27 2019-11-26 Lpt有限公司 用于粉碎和干燥废料、残渣、岩石和类似材料的设备
WO2018177644A1 (fr) * 2017-03-27 2018-10-04 Lpt Ag Dispositif de broyage et de séchage de déchets, scories, roches et matériaux similaires
CH713628A1 (de) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-28 Lpt Ag Lantos Project Tech Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung und Trocknung von Abfallstoffen, Schlacken, Gesteinen und dergleichen Materialien.
RU2768402C2 (ru) * 2017-03-27 2022-03-24 Лпт Аг Устройство для измельчения и сушки отходов, шлаков, горных пород и подобных материалов
CN110505922B (zh) * 2017-03-27 2022-04-08 Lpt有限公司 用于粉碎和干燥废料、残渣、岩石的设备
NO20170913A1 (no) * 2017-06-02 2018-12-03 Standard Bio As Syklonprosessor og fremgangsmåte for oppstart og innstilling av syklonprosessoren
NO343536B1 (no) * 2017-06-02 2019-04-01 Standard Bio As Syklonprosessor og fremgangsmåte for oppstart og innstilling av syklonprosessoren
TWI688535B (zh) * 2018-04-16 2020-03-21 日商川崎重工業股份有限公司 帶式輸送機

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