WO2012100664A1 - 一种激活终端的方法和系统 - Google Patents

一种激活终端的方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012100664A1
WO2012100664A1 PCT/CN2012/070056 CN2012070056W WO2012100664A1 WO 2012100664 A1 WO2012100664 A1 WO 2012100664A1 CN 2012070056 W CN2012070056 W CN 2012070056W WO 2012100664 A1 WO2012100664 A1 WO 2012100664A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mtc
terminal
network
sgsn
mme
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PCT/CN2012/070056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢宝国
李志军
吴昊
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012100664A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012100664A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
    • H04W60/04—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration using triggered events
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and system for activating a terminal. Background technique
  • M2M machine to machine
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • EPS Evolved Packet System
  • the GPRS network is a second-generation mobile communication network based on packet switching.
  • GPRS evolves into a Universal Mobile Telecommunication System Packet Switch (UMTS PS).
  • Figure 1 shows the network architecture of UMTS PS, which contains the following network elements:
  • the RNS includes a Node B (NodeB) and a Radio Network Controller (RNC).
  • NodeB provides air interface connections for the terminal.
  • the RNC is mainly used to manage radio resources and control the NodeB.
  • the RNC and the NodeB are connected through the Iub port, and the terminal accesses the packet domain core network (Packet Core) of the UMTS through the RNS;
  • the NodeB is usually called a base station;
  • SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
  • GGSN Gateway GPRS support node
  • the home location register (HLR) is used to store the user's subscription data and the current SGSN address, and is connected to the SGSN through the Gr port and to the GGSN through the Gc port.
  • a packet data network (PDN, Packet Data Network) is used to provide a packet-based service network for users, and is connected to the GGSN through a Gi port.
  • PDN Packet Data Network
  • the machine type communication server is an M2M application server, which is used to provide an M2M application for the user, and is connected to the GGSN through the MTCi interface.
  • the MTC user equipment (UE, User Equipment) needs to transmit data information to the MTC Server through the GPRS network.
  • the GPRS network establishes a tunnel between the RNC and the GGSN for the transmission.
  • the tunnel is based on the tunneling protocol (GTP, GPRS Tunneling Protocol, GPRS), and the data information is reliably transmitted through the GTP tunnel.
  • the MTC UE is commonly referred to as an MTC terminal.
  • SAE System Architecture Evolution
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • Evolved Radio Access Network is an evolved Node B (eNodeB, Evolved NodeB), which belongs to the RNS system and is used for Provide wireless resources for user access; Packet Data Network (PDN) is a network that provides services for users; EPC provides lower Delay, and allow more access to the wireless access system, including the following network elements: Mobile Management Entity (MME, Mobility Management Entity), is a control plane functional entity, a server that temporarily stores user data, responsible for managing and storing UEs The context (such as user identification, mobility management status, user security parameters, etc.), assigns a temporary identifier to the user; when the UE is camped on the tracking area or the network, it is responsible for authenticating the user.
  • MME Mobile Management Entity
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • the context (such as user identification, mobility management status, user security parameters, etc.), assigns a temporary identifier to the user; when the UE is camped on the tracking area or the network, it is responsible for authenticating the user.
  • the Serving Gateway is a user plane entity responsible for user plane data routing processing and terminating downlink data of UEs in idle (ECM_IDLE) state. Manage and store the SAE bearer context of the UE, such as IP bearer service parameters and intranet routing information.
  • the SGW is the anchor point of the internal user plane of the 3GPP system. A user can only have one SGW at a time.
  • the packet data network gateway (PGW, PDN Gateway) is the gateway responsible for the UE accessing the PDN, and assigns the user IP address. It is also the mobility anchor of the 3GPP and non-3GPP access systems.
  • the PGW functions include policy implementation and charging support. . Users can access multiple PGWs at the same time.
  • the Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF) entity is also located in the PGW.
  • PCEF Policy and Charging Enforcement Function
  • the Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) entity is responsible for providing policy control and charging rules to the PCEF.
  • PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
  • the Home Subscriber Server is responsible for permanently storing user subscription data.
  • the content stored by the HSS includes the UE's International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI, International Mobile Subscriber Identification), and the IP address of the PGW.
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • PGW IP address
  • the SGW and the PGW may be combined, and the EPC system user plane network element includes the SGW and the PGW.
  • the MTC Server is used to provide an M2M application for the user and is connected to the PGW through the MTCi interface.
  • the MTC Server is mainly responsible for information collection and data storage/processing of the MTC terminal, and can perform necessary management on the MTC terminal (MTC UE). Similar to the UE, the MTC UE is responsible for collecting information of several collectors and accessing the core network through a Radio Access Network (RAN) node, and interacting with the MTC Server.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • the M2M service is a networked application and service centered on intelligent interaction of machine terminals. It uses intelligent machine terminals to transmit information over the wireless network, providing customers with information solutions to meet customer information needs for monitoring, command and dispatch, data acquisition and measurement.
  • the communication object of M2M is machine-to-machine, which can be communication between people and machines, communication between machines and servers, and communication between different intelligent terminals.
  • Different applications of MTC terminals have different characteristics, such as elevators and other elevator equipment with low mobility, PS only attributes; and monitoring, alarm devices in addition to low mobility, PS only, low data transmission and high availability. Therefore, different system optimizations are required for MTC terminals of different applications in order to effectively manage, monitor, and pay for MTC terminals.
  • the MTC terminal since the MTC terminal has an unattended feature, it may not be always online. Therefore, the 3GPP network needs to be optimized so that the network has the ability to activate offline terminals. In this way, when the MTC Server needs the MTC terminal to report data or control it, the MTC terminal can be triggered to access the network at any time.
  • the prior art currently only provides a way to page (Paging) an online terminal to activate the terminal.
  • the paging initiated by the core network is the terminal for the online/registration state, and the paging range is determined according to the current mobility management information of the terminal.
  • the functions of the existing paging are as follows: The core network has downlink data to be transmitted to the idle state terminal, and the paging notification terminal is used; the core network broadcasts the system information change or broadcasts the earthquake tsunami alarm through paging.
  • the packet domain paging procedure in the prior art includes the following steps: Step 301: When a condition for triggering paging of the MTC terminal is generated, the mobility management unit sends a paging request message to the base station registered by the MTC terminal. , the message includes parameters such as the identity of the terminal, the paging area, and the like; Step 302: The base station performs paging on the MTC terminal according to the indication of the mobility management unit. Step 303: After receiving the paging, the MTC terminal initiates a service request process.
  • the mobility management unit will attempt to re-paging.
  • the paging of the prior art is only applicable to the terminal in the online/registered state. If the terminal is in the offline/unregistered state, since the MTC server and the core network element do not have the mobility information of the terminal, the mobility management unit cannot be triggered to page the MTC. terminal.
  • the new M2M communication requires the MTC server to wake up the MTC terminal that has entered the offline/unregistered state, and the MTC terminal attaches to the 3GPP network and performs service interaction with the MTC Server; It is unrealistic to page the entire network. Obviously, the paging process in the prior art cannot meet such requirements.
  • the MTC server or the MTC user can provide the preset MTC terminal area information to the cell broadcast center to broadcast the offline MTC terminal.
  • the specific method is: Since the MTC terminal with low mobility is located within a certain range, when the MTC terminal is offline from the 3GPP network, the MTC Server may notify the network to initiate an activation request to the MTC terminal in the set area, and the network is connected through the wireless The CBS (Cell Broadcast Server) in the network broadcasts to the terminal under the radio access network on the CBC (Cell Broadcast Channel) to activate the offline terminal.
  • the CBS Cell Broadcast Server
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for activating a terminal to avoid situations in which an offline terminal cannot be activated.
  • a method of activating a terminal comprising:
  • the MTC UE After the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, it confirms that it has removed the location area range when the network was last accessed through the learned current location area; the MTC UE initiates attaching to the 3GPP network again, and the 3GPP network updates the MTC. Location information of the UE in the network.
  • the method further includes:
  • the current location area information is saved; when the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, the current location area information is still saved.
  • the method further includes:
  • the MTC UE After the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, it periodically receives the network broadcast channel, and obtains the location area information of the current network from the broadcast information; and listens to the paging channel, and when receiving the IMSI Paging, requests access to the 3GPP network.
  • the method further includes:
  • the HSS/HLR saves the current SGSN/MME address of the MTC UE;
  • the 3GPP network determines to not initiate a clearing Purge procedure to the HSS/HLR according to the terminal activation attribute, and the HSS/HLR still saves the current SGSN/MME address of the MTC UE.
  • the determining method of the terminal activation attribute is:
  • the SGSN/MME determines, according to the operator policy, that the terminal activation attribute is one of an MTC attribute, a Trigger attribute, and an access priority attribute of the terminal.
  • the current location information is learned by the HSS, and the obtaining method is:
  • the HSS updates the address information of the serving SGSN/MME where the MTC UE is located in the location update process initiated by the HSS;
  • the MME/SGSN address where the MTC UE is located is actively queried and obtained from the HSS.
  • the address subscription is used to notify the MTC server of the MTC server when the address of the MME/SGSN is updated.
  • the HSS needs to sign the correspondence between the IMSI and the terminal application identifier of the MTC UE.
  • the process of activating the MTC UE to initiate an attach includes:
  • the MTC server initiates an activation request to the MME/SGSN, and the MTC Server provides the IMSI identifier of the MTC UE in the activation request, and the MME/SGSN initiates the IMSI Paging; or the MME/SGSN queries the HSS according to the terminal identifier, obtains the IMSI corresponding to the terminal identifier, and then initiates IMSI paging; The MTC UE actively accesses the 3GPP network after receiving the IMSI paging.
  • a system for activating a terminal comprising an area change confirmation unit and a terminal activation execution unit;
  • the area change confirming unit is configured to: after the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, confirm the location area range when the MTC UE has moved out of the last access network by using the learned current location area of the MTC UE, and notify the terminal to activate the situation. Execution unit
  • the terminal activation execution unit is configured to control the MTC UE to initiate an attach to the 3GPP network again, and trigger the 3GPP network to update location information of the MTC UE in the network.
  • the MTC UE is configured to save the current TA list/RA area information after accessing the 3GPP network. After the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, the current TA list/RA area information is still saved.
  • the MTC UE is used to periodically receive a network broadcast message after being offline from the 3GPP network.
  • the track information of the current network is obtained from the broadcast information; and the paging channel is monitored, and when the IMSI page is received, the access to the 3GPP network is requested.
  • the HSS/HLR is configured to save the current serving SGSN/MME address of the MTC UE.
  • the 3GPP network is configured to determine not to initiate a Purge process to the HSS/HLR according to the terminal activation attribute, and the HSS/HLR still saves the current serving SGSN/MME address of the MTC UE.
  • the 3GPP network determines the terminal activation attribute, it is used to:
  • the terminal activation attribute to be one of an MTC attribute, a Trigger attribute, and an access priority attribute of the terminal according to the operator policy.
  • the current location information of the MTC UE is learned by the MTC Server through the HSS. After the MTC Server learns the current location area, it is used to:
  • the MME/SGSN address where the MTC UE is located is queried and obtained by the HSS.
  • the MTC UE is configured to actively access the 3GPP network after receiving the IMSI paging.
  • the system further includes a network activation optimization unit, configured to decide not to initiate a Purge process according to the terminal activation attribute, update location information of the MTC UE in the network when the terminal is attached, and when the MTC Server requests to activate the terminal, The terminal initiates an IMSI page.
  • a network activation optimization unit configured to decide not to initiate a Purge process according to the terminal activation attribute, update location information of the MTC UE in the network when the terminal is attached, and when the MTC Server requests to activate the terminal, The terminal initiates an IMSI page.
  • the network activation optimization unit acquires the location information of the MTC UE, and uses an address subscription manner to notify the MTC Server when the MME/SGSN address as the location information is updated;
  • the HSS is used to sign the correspondence between the IMSI and the terminal application identifier of the MTC UE.
  • the method and system of the present invention can ensure that the offline MTC UE accesses the network again after receiving the paging, thereby implementing offline activation, thereby avoiding the situation that the offline terminal cannot be activated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GPRS network system architecture in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an EPS network system in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a packet domain paging in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an MTC terminal after 3GPP network attachment optimization according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an activation terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an activation terminal according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an activation terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a system diagram of an active terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the MTC terminal After the MTC terminal is offline from the 3GPP network, when the current location area obtained from the network broadcast message confirms that it has moved out of the location area range when the network was last accessed, the MTC terminal again goes to the 3GPP network. Initiating an attach, the 3GPP network updating location information of the terminal in the network;
  • the current location area information is saved, and after the MTC terminal is offline from the 3GPP network, the current location area information still needs to be saved;
  • the location information of the terminal in the network includes information such as an SGSN/MME address serving the terminal.
  • the network broadcast channel needs to be periodically received, and the location area information of the current network is obtained from the broadcast information;
  • the MTC terminal is offline from the 3GPP network, the paging channel needs to be monitored.
  • the paging channel needs to be monitored.
  • the HSS/HLR saves the current SGSN/MME address of the MTC terminal; after the MTC terminal is offline from the 3GPP network, the 3GPP network does not go to the HSS according to the activation attribute of the terminal.
  • the HLR initiates a Purge process, and the HSS/HLR still saves the current SGSN/MME address of the MTC terminal;
  • the SGSN/MME determines, according to the operator policy, that the terminal activation attribute is one of an MTC attribute, a Trigger attribute, and an access priority attribute of the terminal;
  • the MTC terminal After the MTC terminal is offline, according to the obtained location area information of the current network, it is determined that the moved area is not in the range of the location area originally saved by the terminal, and the connection needs to be actively initiated to the 3GPP network, and the TA list saved by the MTC terminal is updated. /RA location area information; further, when the MTC terminal attaches to the 3GPP network again, the HSS updates the address information of the SGSN/MME where the MTC terminal is located during the location update process initiated by the HSS; further, when the MTC server needs When the MTC terminal is activated, the MME/SGSN address where the MTC terminal is located is queried and obtained by the HSS.
  • the MTC server obtains the SGSN/MME address information of the MTC terminal, the address subscription may be adopted, and when the address of the MME/SGSN is updated, the HSS notifies the MTC Server;
  • the HSS needs to sign the corresponding relationship between the IMSI and the terminal application identifier of the MTC terminal;
  • the MTC server initiates an activation request to the MME/SGSN, and the MTC Server provides the IMSI identifier of the MTC terminal in the activation request, and the MME/SGSN initiates the IMSI Paging; or the MME/SGSN queries the HSS according to the terminal identifier, and obtains the IMSI corresponding to the terminal identifier. , then SGSN/MME initiates IMSI paging;
  • the MME/SGSN initiates an IMSI paging to the radio access network of the area, and the MTC terminal actively accesses the 3GPP network after receiving the IMSI paging.
  • the SGSN/MME may be a serving SGSN/MME that provides services for the UE.
  • the location area of the terminal is a TA list (Tracking Area List) in the EPS network, and is an RA (Routing Area) in the GPRS network.
  • the MTC terminal needs to continue to save the current TA List/RA location area downloaded when attached to the network. After offline, it is necessary to periodically receive a network broadcast message to detect the TA List/RA location area information of the new mobile location area of the network broadcast. When it is found that the TA List/RA area information of the new mobile location area is not in the originally saved TA list/RA, the MTC terminal initiates an attach to the 3GPP network again, and the attach request is sent to the mobility management network element MME through the RAN.
  • the SGSN the MME/SGSN performs location update to the HSS/HLR, and the corresponding HSS/HLR updates the MME/SGSN address where the MTC terminal is located and saves it. If the MTC Server subscribes to the location of the MTC terminal to the HSS/HLR, the HSS/HLR needs to send the updated MME/SGSN address to the MTC Server.
  • the mobility management unit SGSN/MME deletes the context information of the MTC terminal.
  • the operator determines, according to the policy, which type of terminal belongs to the terminal activation attribute of the MTC terminal, such as for configuring a high priority indication, configuring an MTC attribute, or configuring a class attribute such as a trigger attribute.
  • MTC terminal For the MTC terminal with the terminal activation attribute, after the SGSN/MME deletes the MTC terminal context, the urge process is no longer initiated to the HSS/HLR, and the corresponding HSS/HLR does not delete the address of the SGSN/MME saved for the MTC terminal. information.
  • the MTC server When the MTC server needs to activate the MTC terminal, if the location information of the MTC terminal is already subscribed (for example, the MTC Server belongs to the 3GPP network, the location subscription can be performed), or the MTC server queries the HSS for the location information of the MTC terminal through the Sh interface. (The MTC Server belongs to the 3GPP network, or it can query the HSS on the external network.) The HSS returns the MME/SGSN address where the MTC terminal is located. The MTC Server initiates an activation request for the MTC terminal to the MME/SGSN, and after the MME/SGSN receives the activation request, if the request message is included The IMSI identifier of the terminal initiates an IMSI paging procedure to the RNS. If the IMSI identifier of the terminal is not included in the request message, the HSSI identifier needs to be queried to the HSS/HLR, and the IMSI paging procedure is initiated according to the RNS.
  • the MTC terminal After the MTC terminal goes offline, it always listens to the paging channel. After receiving the IMSI paging, the attach procedure is initiated, re-accessed to the 3GPP network, and communicated with the MTC Server;
  • the MTC terminal in the embodiment of the present invention saves the identity of the received paging in an offline state, and listens to the broadcast channel, and has an offline activation function.
  • the 3GPP network attached to the MTC terminal before the offline is the first network, which includes the first RNS, the first SGSN/MME, the first PGW/GGSN, and the new terminal moved to the offline.
  • the network where the area is located is the second network, and includes a second RNS, a second SGSN/MME, and a second PGW/GGSN.
  • the first SGSN/MME (hereinafter referred to as SGSN/MME, the same below) of the 3GPP network downloads the first TAlist/RA to the MTC UE. And storing the address information of the SGSN/MME where the MTC UE is located in the HSS. After the MTC UE is offline, it is still necessary to continue to save the first TA list/RA location area information downloaded when attaching, until the next attachment or location update is performed. At the same time, after the MTC UE with the active attribute is offline from the network, the SGSN/MME releases the context of the MTC UE, and the Purge process is not executed. The HSS keeps the SGSN/MME address information of the MTC UE.
  • the location area update process is triggered, including the Tracking Area Update (TAU) in the EPS network and the routing area location update in the GPRS network ( Routing Area Update, RAU) Location update process.
  • TAU Tracking Area Update
  • RAU Routing Area Update
  • the TA list tracking area list in the EPS network and the RA routing area in the GPRS network may be collectively referred to as a location area of the 3GPP network. Saved in the terminal The address of the SGSN/MME stored in the TA list/RA and the HSS is updated.
  • the attaching embodiment of the first embodiment is similar to the embodiment of the TAU/RAU procedure, in which the change of the TAU/RAU procedure is prompted, and the TAU is not separately described.
  • /RAU process The specific process is as shown in FIG. 4, and includes the following steps: Step 401: The MTC UE needs to go to the first RNS (eNodeB or RNC) in order to access the 3GPP first network (including the GPRS network and the EPS network).
  • the RNS the same as the following, initiates an attach request, which carries information such as an identifier of the MTC UE (ie, IMSI), a network access capability of the MTC UE, an indication of requesting an IP assignment, and a terminal access proxy capability. If the location changes when the terminal is online, the TAU/RAU process is initiated.
  • the MTC UE If the MTC UE is statically configured with terminal attributes, such as the trigger attribute, the priority attribute, and the MTC attribute, the MTC UE needs to be carried in the attach request.
  • terminal attributes such as the trigger attribute, the priority attribute, and the MTC attribute
  • the RNS is the MME/SGSN that the MTC UE selects to serve, and forwards the attach request to the MME/SGSN, and also carries the related information carried in the attached message to the MME/SGSN.
  • the MME/SGSN sends a location update request to the HSS of the home network of the MTC UE, where the address information of the MME/SGSN and the identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI) are carried, and the area that the MTC UE is currently connected to is notified to the HSS;
  • the identity of the UE finds the subscriber data and sends it to the MME/SGSN.
  • the MME/SGSN receives the subscription user data of the MTC UE, and checks that the MTC GW is allowed to access the network, and returns an acceptance response to the HSS;
  • Step 402b the HSS stores the address information of the MME/SGSN corresponding to the MTC UE identifier (IMSI). It should be noted that, if it is a TAU/RAU procedure, the HSS updates the address information of the new MME/SGSN corresponding to the MTC UE identifier. .
  • Step 403 optionally, if the MTC Server has subscribed to the location information of the MTC UE to the HSS/HLR, the HSS/HLR sends the location subscription information to the MTC Sever, and the location information of the MTC UE (mainly the address of the SGSN/MME, There is also information such as the cell location of the MTC UE), and the MTC Server is notified to the MTC Server.
  • the request carries an identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI), an address of the MME/SGSN, an indication for assigning an IP address to the MTC GW, default bandwidth information, a PGW/GGSN address, and the like.
  • IMSI an identifier of the MTC UE
  • IMSI an address of the MME/SG
  • the PGW/GGSN establishes a PS bearer according to the PCC policy returned by the PCRF or statically configured, and returns a bearer setup response to the MME/SGSN.
  • Step 405 The MME/SGSN saves the bearer context, and then sends an initial context setup request or an attach accept response to the RNS, indicating that the request of the MTC UE to attach to the network has been accepted, and carries the TA list/RA managed by the MME/SGSN. Location area.
  • the RNS sends an RRC connection reconfiguration request to the MTC UE and opens the corresponding port.
  • the RRC connection reconfiguration request carries the TA list/RA location area and is saved by the MTC UE. It should be noted that, if it is a TAU process, the terminal will overwrite the original TA list/RA location area information with the new TA list/RA location area information and save it.
  • the MTC UE After the RRC connection is updated, the MTC UE notifies the 3GPP that the network attachment has been completed;
  • Step 406 optionally, if the MTC UE is attached for the first time, or the configuration data of the MTC UE is changed, the MTC Server may configure the attributes of the terminal for the MTC UE by using a remote configuration manner, such as the trigger attribute and the access priority of the terminal. Attributes, MTC attributes, etc. The MTC UE determines which type of attribute terminal is a terminal with terminal activation attribute according to the policy, and needs to have an offline activation operation.
  • Step 407 If the remotely configured terminal attribute is not brought to the 3GPP network, the MTC UE needs to initiate a location update request (TAU request;), and notifies the newly configured terminal attribute to the 3GPP network; Step 408, the MTC UE attached to the 3GPP network is offline. If the MTC UE needs to perform an offline activation operation according to the terminal activation attribute, the MTC UE needs to retain the TA list/RA location area information downloaded from the network when attaching or updating the location, and periodically receive the broadcast channel and listen for the paging. channel.
  • TAU request location update request
  • Step 409 When the SGSN/MME deletes the MTC UE context in the 3GPP network, it determines whether the terminal attribute is a terminal activation attribute according to the operator policy, whether offline activation is required, and if necessary, cancels sending a Purge message to the HSS/HLR. , so that the HSS/HLR does not delete the SGSN/MME address information and context information saved for the terminal.
  • the MTC UE periodically receives the broadcast information of the 3GPP network after offline, and extracts the location area information (such as TA/RA information or Cell information) of the current network, and then the location area information of the current network. Compare with the range of location area areas saved by the terminal. If the location area information of the current network is not in the saved TA list/RA range, the MTC UE initiates an attach procedure to update the SGSN/MME address information of the current MTC UE to the HSS.
  • the specific process is shown in Figure 5, including the following steps:
  • Step 501 A normal location move occurs after the MTC UE goes offline, and moves from the first network location area to the second network location area.
  • the MTC UE periodically receives broadcast information of the 3GPP network, and obtains location area information of the current network, such as current TA/RA location area information, or Cell location area information, from the broadcast message;
  • Step 502 The MTC UE compares the location area information of the current network with the range of the location area area saved last time, and verifies whether the location area of the current network is in the saved location area range, if the saved location area range, The terminal continues to be offline. If the location of the current network is not in the previously saved location area, the terminal has moved out of the original SGSN/MME management area, and the terminal needs to be actively attached to the network.
  • Step 503 The MTC UE finds that the location area of the current network is not in the range of the location area that is saved when the terminal is offline.
  • the MTC UE initiates an attach request to the 3GPP second network, and requests to attach to the network, and carries the IMSI identifier and terminal attribute of the MTC UE. ;
  • the MTC UE initiates an attach request to the 3GPP second RNS (referred to as RNS in the present embodiment), and the RNS selects a second MME/SGSN for which the MTC UE serves (in this embodiment)
  • the MME/SGSN is referred to as the MME/SGSN, and the attach request is forwarded to the MME/SGSN, and the related information carried in the attached message is also carried to the MME/SGSN.
  • Step 504a The MME/SGSN sends a location update request to the HSS of the home network of the MTC UE, where the address information of the MME/SGSN and the identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI) are carried, and the area that the MTC UE currently accesses is notified to the HSS; the HSS is based on the MTC.
  • the identity of the UE (IMSI) finds the subscriber data and sends it to the MME/SGSN.
  • the MME/SGSN receives the subscription user data of the MTC UE, and checks that the MTC UE is allowed to access the network, and returns an acceptance response to the HSS;
  • Step 504b The HSS updates the address information of the MME/SGSN corresponding to the MTC UE identifier (IMSI).
  • Step 505 Optionally, if the MTC Server has subscribed to the location information of the MTC UE to the HSS/HLR, when the location information is changed or updated, the HSS/HLR sends the location subscription information to the MTC Sever, and the location of the MTC UE is used.
  • the information (mainly the address of the SGSN/MME, and the cell location of the MTC UE) is notified to the MTC Server, and the MTC Server saves it.
  • Step 506 The MME/SGSN selects a second PGW/GGSN (referred to as PGW/GGSN in the present embodiment) for the MTC GW, and sends a bearer setup request thereto.
  • the request carries an identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI), an identifier and address of the MME/SGSN, an indication for assigning an IP address to the MTC UE, default bandwidth information, a PGW/GGSN address, and the like.
  • IMSI an identifier of the MTC UE
  • IMSI an identifier and address of the MME/SGSN
  • an indication for assigning an IP address to the MTC UE default bandwidth information
  • PGW/GGSN address and the like.
  • the PGW/GGSN establishes a PS bearer according to the PCC policy returned by the PCRF or statically configured, and returns a bearer setup response to the MME/SGSN.
  • Step 507 The MME/SGSN saves the bearer context, and then sends an initial context setup request or an attach accept response to the RNS, indicating that the request of the MTC UE to attach to the network has been accepted, and carries the second TA list/RA location area managed by the MME/SGSN. .
  • the RNS sends an RRC connection reconfiguration request to the MTC UE and opens the corresponding port.
  • RRC The connection reconfiguration request carries the second TA list/RA location area, the terminal performs the location area update, and overwrites the previously saved first location area with the second TA list/RA location area and saves it.
  • the MTC UE After the RRC connection is updated, the MTC UE notifies the 3GPP that the network attachment has been completed;
  • Step 508 the MTC server may perform an application layer interaction with the MTC server to prevent the MTC server from initiating an activation operation by requiring the MTC UE to perform information interaction.
  • Step 509 The MTC UE attached to the 3GPP second network is offline. If the MTC UE needs to perform an offline activation operation according to the terminal activation attribute, the MTC UE needs to keep the TA list/RA location downloaded from the network when the MTC UE is offline or after the location update. Area information, and regularly receive broadcast channels, and listen to paging channels.
  • Step 510 When the SGSN/MME deletes the MTC UE context in the 3GPP network, it determines, according to the operator policy, whether the terminal attribute is a terminal activation attribute, whether offline activation is required, and if necessary, cancels sending a Purge message to the HSS/HLR. , so that the HSS/HLR does not delete the SGSN/MME address information and context information saved for the terminal.
  • the MTC UE is located in the second network, and has been actively attached to the second network, and the HSS updates the address of the SGSN/MME corresponding to the MTC UE.
  • the MTC Server learns the address of the SGSN/MME where the MTC UE is located from the HSS, and then initiates a terminal activation request to the SGSN/MME.
  • the SGSN/MME initiates an IMSI page to the MTC UE.
  • the MTC UE listens to the paging channel, and after receiving the IMSI paging, initiates an attach to the 3GPP network, and then performs information interaction with the MTC Server to complete the process of the MTC Server activating the terminal.
  • the specific process is shown in Figure 6, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 The MTC Server needs to initiate offline activation to the offline MTC UE to communicate with the MTC UE.
  • the MTC Server can obtain the MTC UE location subscription to the HSS.
  • the MTC Server may query the HSS/HLR by using the MTC UE identifier through the Sh interface with the HSS/HLR, and the HSS/HLR returns the address of the SGSN/MME where the MTC UE is located to the MTC Server.
  • the address query mode is usually used in the scenario where the MTC Server is on the public network.
  • the MTC UE identifier used by the MTC Server may be an IMSI identifier or a terminal application identifier. If the terminal application identifier is used, the HSS needs to match the terminal application identifier with the IMSI.
  • Step 602 The MTC Server initiates a terminal activation request to the SGSN/HSS, and carries the terminal identifier and the activation indication.
  • the activation indication indicates that the network is required to trigger the terminal to access the network.
  • the terminal identifier may be IMSI or an application identifier;
  • Step 603 After receiving the request for activating the terminal, the SGSN/MME needs to query the HSS/HLR for the IMSI identifier of the MTC UE, and the HSS/HLR finds the IMSI according to the identifier of the terminal application, and returns the IMSSN/MME to the SGSN/MME.
  • Step 604 The SGSN/MME initiates an IMSI paging request to each RNS connected to the SGSN, and carries an IMSI and an activation indication of the MTC UE.
  • Step 605 The RNS initiates an IMSI paging by using a paging channel, where the paging message includes an IMSI and an activation indication of the MTC UE.
  • Step 606 The MTC UE listens to the paging channel after being offline, and after receiving the IMSI paging, initiates an attach request to the 3GPP network, and attaches to the 3GPP network.
  • the MTC UE initiates an attach request to the RNS, and the RNS selects the MME/SGSN to which the MTC UE serves, and forwards the attach request to the MME/SGSN, and also carries the related information carried in the attach message to the MME/SGSN.
  • Step 607a The MME/SGSN sends a location update request to the HSS of the home network of the MTC UE, where the address information of the MME/SGSN and the identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI) are carried, and the area that the MTC UE currently accesses is notified to the HSS; the HSS is based on the MTC.
  • the identity of the UE (IMSI) is found out
  • the subscriber data is sent to the MME/SGSN;
  • the MME/SGSN receives the subscription user data of the MTC UE, and checks that the MTC UE is allowed to access the network, and returns an acceptance response to the HSS;
  • Step 607b the HSS updates the address information of the MME/SGSN corresponding to the MTC UE identifier (IMSI);
  • Step 608 optionally, if the MTC Server has subscribed to the HSS/HLR for the location information of the MTC UE, when the location information is changed or updated, the HSS/HLR sends the location subscription information to the MTC Sever, and the location of the MTC UE is used.
  • the information (mainly the address of the SGSN/MME, and the cell location of the MTC UE) is notified to the MTC Server, and the MTC Server saves it.
  • Step 609 The MME/SGSN selects a PGW/GGSN for the MTC GW, and sends a bearer request to the MME/SGSN.
  • the request carries an identifier of the MTC UE (IMSI), an identifier and address of the MME/SGSN, an indication for assigning an IP address to the MTC UE, default bandwidth information, a PGW/GGSN address, and the like.
  • the PGW/GGSN establishes a PS bearer according to the PCC policy returned by the PCRF or statically configured, and returns a bearer setup response to the MME/SGSN.
  • Step 610 The MME/SGSN saves the bearer context, and then sends an initial context setup request or an attach accept response to the RNS, indicating that the request of the MTC UE to attach to the network has been accepted, and carries the TA list/RA location area managed by the MME/SGSN.
  • the RNS sends an RRC connection reconfiguration request to the MTC UE and opens the corresponding port.
  • the RRC connection reconfiguration request carries the TA list/RA location area, and the terminal performs the location area update, and overwrites the previously saved location area with the TA list/RA location area and saves it.
  • the MTC UE After the RRC connection is updated, the MTC UE notifies the 3GPP that the network attachment has been completed;
  • Step 611 After the MTC UE is attached to the 3GPP network, establish an application layer channel and perform information interaction with the MTC Server according to the activation indication in the paging message, and complete the MTC Server pass. The process of activating terminal communication over a 3GPP network.
  • the MTC Server when the MTC UE is offline and the location moves in the 3GPP network, the MTC Server can activate the MTC UE and perform information interaction through the 3GPP network.
  • the MTC UE when the situation that triggers the offline of the MTC UE is generated, the MTC UE needs to continue to save the TA list/RA location area information of the current access, and needs to actively attach when moving to the new TA/RA location area. And to the 3GPP network, updating the MME/SGSN address information of the MTC UE saved by the HSS/HLR.
  • the MTC Server can obtain the MME/SGSN address information in which the MTC UE is currently located from the HSS, and request the MME/SGSN to activate the MTC UE; the MME/SGSN initiates the IMSI paging to the radio access network, and is offline. After receiving the IMSI paging, the MTC UE accesses the network again, thereby implementing offline activation.
  • the operation of the activation terminal of the present invention may represent the process shown in FIG. 7.
  • the process shown in FIG. 7 includes the following steps:
  • Step 710 After the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, it is determined by the learned current location area that it has removed the location area range when the network was last accessed.
  • Step 720 The MTC UE initiates attaching to the 3GPP network, and the 3GPP network updates location information of the MTC UE in the network.
  • FIG. 8 is a system diagram of an activation terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the system includes a connected area change confirmation unit, a terminal activation execution unit, and a network activation optimization unit.
  • the area change confirming unit can confirm the location area range when the MTC UE has moved out of the last access network by using the learned MTC UE current location area after the MTC UE is offline from the 3GPP network, and notify the terminal of the situation.
  • the execution unit is activated, and the terminal activation execution unit controls the MTC UE to initiate attachment to the 3GPP network again, and triggers the 3GPP network to update the location information of the MTC UE in the network.
  • the network activation optimization unit connected to the terminal activation execution unit may be configured to decide not to initiate a Purge process according to the terminal activation attribute, and update the location information of the MTC UE when the terminal is attached; and when the MTC Server When the terminal is requested to be activated, an IMSI page is initiated to the terminal. And, when the network activation optimization unit acquires the location information of the MTC UE, the HSS is notified to the MTC Server when the MME/SGSN address as the location information is updated by using the address subscription manner; in addition, the HSS is used to sign the IMSI of the MTC UE, Correspondence relationship between terminal application identifiers.
  • the TA/RA information stored in the terminal is generally referred to as a location area
  • the location of the MTC UE stored on the network side is generally collectively referred to as location information.
  • the location area mainly includes the TA list/RA delivered by the network to the terminal, indicating that the terminal moves in the range, and the terminal does not need to perform handover; the network broadcasts to the terminal may also be specific to the cell, or the TA/RA information, and the terminal may broadcast according to the broadcast.
  • the TA/RA/Cdl information in the middle is used to determine whether it is still in the original network management area.
  • the location information of the MTC UE stored on the network side mainly includes the address of the SGSN/MME, and the information of the cell id, indicating the radio side network element and the core network element where the MTC UE resides.
  • the method for activating the terminal of the present invention can ensure that the offline MTC UE accesses the network again after receiving the paging, thereby implementing offline activation, thereby avoiding the inability to activate the offline terminal. happening.

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Description

一种激活终端的方法和系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域， 具体涉及一种激活终端的方法和系统。 背景技术
近年来， 机器到机器（M2M, Machine to Machine ) 间的通信业务逐渐 开始得到应用， 如物流系统、 远程抄表、 智能家居等应用。 M2M服务商使 用现有的无线网络， 如通用分组无线业务（GPRS , General Packet Radio service ) 网络、 演进分组系统（ EPS, Evolved Packet System ) 网络等 PS网 络开展 M2M业务。 因 M2M业务与人到人 ( H2H, Human to Human )的通 信业务有明显的差异性， 需要对现有的网络进行必要的优化， 以获得最佳 的网络管理与网络通讯质量。
GPRS网络是基于包交换的第二代移动通信网络，到了第三代移动通信 系统， GPRS 演进为通用移动通信系统分组交换 （UMTS PS , Universal Mobile Telecommunication system Packet Switch ) 或。 图 1所示为 UMTS PS 的网络架构， 该网络架构中包含如下网元：
无线网络系统 （RNS , Radio Network system ), RNS 中包含节点 B ( NodeB )与无线网络控制器（RNC ), NodeB为终端提供空口连接； RNC 主要用于管理无线资源以及控制 NodeB。 RNC 与 NodeB 之间通过 Iub口 连接，终端通过 RNS接入 UMTS的分组域核心网（ Packet Core )；所述 NodeB 通常称为基站；
服务 GPRS 支持节点 （SGSN, Serving GPRS Support Node ), 用于保 存用户的路由区位置信息， 负责安全和接入控制； SGSN通过 Iu口与 RNS 相连； 网关 GPRS 支持节点 （GGSN, Gateway GPRS support Node ), 用于负 责分配终端的 IP地址和到外部网络的网关功能，在内部通过 Gn口与 SGSN 相连；
归属位置寄存器（ HLR, Home Location Register ), 用于保存用户的签 约数据和当前所在的 SGSN地址， 通过 Gr口与 SGSN相连， 通过 Gc口与 GGSN相连；
分组数据网络（ PDN , Packet Data Network ) , 用于为用户提供基于分 组的业务网， 通过 Gi口与 GGSN相连。
机器类型通信服务器（MTC Server )为 M2M应用服务器， 用于为用户 提供 M2M应用， 通过 MTCi接口与 GGSN相连。
图 1中， MTC用户设备（UE, User Equipment ) 需要通过 GPRS网络 向 MTC Server传输数据信息。 GPRS网络为此次传输建立 RNC到 GGSN 之间的隧道， 隧道基于隧道协议（ GTP, GPRS Tunneling Protocol , GPRS ), 数据信息通过 GTP隧道实现可靠传输。所述 MTC UE通常称为 MTC终端。
随着无线宽带技术的发展， 业务层对传输层的带宽、 时延等性能要求 越来越高。 为提高其网络性能， 降低网络建设及运营成本， 3GPP致力于系 统架构演进 ( SAE, System Architecture Evolution ) 的研究， 目的是使得演 进的分组网 （EPC, Evolved Packet Core )可提供更高的传输速率、 更短的 传输延时、优化分组，及支持演进的 UTRAN( E-UTRAN, Evolved UTRAN ), UTRAN、无线局域网（ WLAN, Wireless Local Area Network )及其他非 3GPP 的接入网络之间的移动性管理。
目前 SAE的架构如图 2所示，其中，演进的无线接入网（ E-RAN, Evolved Radio Access Network ) 中包含的网元是演进节点 B ( eNodeB , Evolved NodeB ), 属于 RNS 系统， 用于为用户的接入提供无线资源； 分组数据网 ( PDN, Packet Data Network )是为用户提供业务的网络； EPC提供了更低 的延迟， 并允许更多的无线接入系统接入， 其包括如下网元： 移动管理实体（ MME , Mobility Management Entity ) , 是控制面功能实 体， 临时存储用户数据的服务器， 负责管理和存储 UE的上下文（比如用户 标识、 移动性管理状态、 用户安全参数等）， 为用户分配临时标识； 当 UE 驻扎在该跟踪区域或者该网络时， 负责对该用户进行鉴权。
服务网关（SGW, Serving Gateway ), 是一个用户面实体， 负责用户面 数据路由处理， 终结处于空闲（ECM_IDLE )状态的 UE的下行数据。 管理 和存储 UE的 SAE承载（bearer )上下文， 比如 IP承载业务参数和网络内 部路由信息等。 SGW是 3GPP系统内部用户面的锚点， 一个用户在一个时 刻只能有一个 SGW。
分组数据网网关（ PGW, PDN Gateway ),是负责 UE接入 PDN的网关， 分配用户 IP地址， 也是 3GPP和非 3GPP接入系统的移动性锚点， PGW的 功能还包括策略实施、 计费支持。 用户在同一时刻能够接入多个 PGW。 策 略与计费实施功能（PCEF, Policy and Charging Enforcement Function )实体 也位于 PGW中。
策略与计费规则功能（PCRF, Policy and Charging Rules Function ) 实 体， 负责向 PCEF提供策略控制与计费规则。
归属用户服务器（HSS, Home Subscriber Server ), 负责永久存储用户 签约数据， HSS 存储的内容包括 UE 的国际移动用户识别码 （IMSI , International Mobile Subscriber Identification )、 和 PGW的 IP地址。
在物理上， SGW和 PGW可能合设， EPC系统用户面网元包括 SGW 和 PGW。
MTC Server用于为用户提供 M2M应用，通过 MTCi接口与 PGW相连。 MTC Server主要负责对 MTC终端的信息采集和数据存储 /处理等工作， 并 可对 MTC终端 （ MTC UE )进行必要的管理。 MTC UE与 UE类似， 负责收集若干采集器的信息并通过无线接入网 ( RAN )节点接入核心网， 并与 MTC Server交互数据。
M2M业务是以机器终端智能交互为核心的、 网络化的应用与服务。 它 采用智能机器终端， 通过无线网络传输信息， 为客户提供的信息化解决方 案， 用于满足客户对监控、 指挥调度、 数据采集和测量等方面的信息化需 求。
M2M的通信对象为机器对机器， 可以是人与机器之间的通信， 机器与 服务器之间的通信， 不同智能终端之间的通信。 不同应用的 MTC终端具有 不同的特性， 如电梯等升降机设备具有低移动性、 PS only属性； 而监视、 警报设备除具有低移动性、 PS only外， 还具有低数据传输和高可用性等属 性。 因此需要针对不同应用的 MTC终端进行不同的系统优化， 以便有效地 对 MTC终端进行管理、 监控、 付费等。
同时， 由于 MTC终端具有无人值守的特征， 可以不永远在线。 因此， 需要对 3GPP网络进行优化，使网络具有可以激活离线终端的能力。这样当 MTC Server需要 MTC终端上报数据或对其进行控制时， 就可以随时触发 MTC 终端接入到网络。 现有技术目前只提供对在线的终端进行寻呼 ( Paging ) 的方式以激活终端。
目前现有分组域网络中， 核心网发起的寻呼是针对在线 /注册状态的终 端， 寻呼范围是根据终端当前的移动性管理信息来确定的。 现有寻呼的作 用有： 核心网有下行数据需要传送到空闲态的终端， 使用寻呼通知终端； 核心网通过寻呼来广播系统信息变更或广播地震海嘯警报。
现有技术条件下的分组域寻呼流程， 如图 3所示， 包括以下步驟： 步驟 301 ,触发寻呼 MTC终端的条件产生时，移动性管理单元向 MTC 终端注册的基站发送寻呼请求消息， 此消息包含终端的身份标识、 寻呼区 域等参数； 步驟 302, 基站按照移动性管理单元的指示对 MTC终端进行寻呼； 步驟 303, 收到寻呼之后， MTC终端发起业务请求流程；
在一段时间内如果没有收到终端的任何响应， 移动性管理单元会尝试 重新寻呼。
现有技术的寻呼只适用于在线 /注册状态的终端， 如果终端处于离线 / 未注册状态， 由于 MTC服务器以及核心网网元没有终端的移动性信息， 因 此无法触发移动性管理单元寻呼 MTC终端。
然而随着 M2M产业的发展， 新的 M2M通信要求 MTC服务器能够唤 醒已经进入离线 /未注册状态的 MTC终端， 使 MTC终端附着 3GPP网络并 与 MTC Server进行业务交互； 该需求对于现有技术来说需要对全网进行寻 呼， 这是不现实的， 显然现有技术中的寻呼流程无法满足这样的要求。
目前， 可以由 MTC服务器或者 MTC用户提供预设的 MTC终端所在 区域信息给小区广播中心， 以广播唤醒离线的 MTC终端。 具体方法是： 由 于低移动性的 MTC终端会位于一定的范围内， 因此当 MTC终端从 3GPP 网络离线时， MTC Server可向网络通知向设定区域中的 MTC终端发起激 活请求， 网络通过无线接入网络中的 CBS ( Cell Broadcast Server, 小区广 播服务器）， 向该无线接入网络下的终端在 CBC ( Cell Broadcast Channel, 小区广播信道）进行广播， 以激活离线终端。
但是， 上述采用 CBS进行 CB通道广播的方式， 仅适用于离线的低移 动性终端， 而且运营商在无线侧需要部署 CBS服务器， 目前很多运营商均 不存在这种部署。 当 MTC终端移动到其它区域时， 网络无法通过预设的位 置区域对终端进行寻呼或进行 CB信道的广播，因而会存在找不到移动终端 的问题。因此在不限制终端在 3GPP网络移动区域的场景下，当终端从 3GPP 网络离线后， 采用现有机制可能会找不到该终端的位置， 出现无法激活离 线终端的问题。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种激活终端的方法和系统， 尽量避免出现无法激活离线终端的情况。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种激活终端的方法， 包括：
MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后，通过获知的当前位置区域确认自身已移 出上一次接入网络时的位置区域范围； 所述 MTC UE再次向所述 3GPP网 络发起附着， 所述 3GPP网络更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息。
其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE接入到 3GPP网络后， 保存当前的位置区域信息； 当所 述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络中离线后， 仍然保存当前的位置区域信息。
其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 定期接收网络广播信道， 从广播 信息中获取当前所在网络的位置区域信息；并且监听寻呼信道，当收到 IMSI Paging时， 就请求接入到 3GPP网络。
其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE接入到网络后， HSS/HLR保存该 MTC UE 当前的 SGSN/MME地址；
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 所述 3GPP网络根据该终端激活 属性确定不向 HSS/HLR发起清除 Purge流程，所述 HSS/HLR仍保存该 MTC UE当前的 SGSN/MME地址。
其中， 所述终端激活属性的确定方法为：
所述 SGSN/MME根据运营商策略决定终端激活属性为终端的 MTC属 性、 触发 Trigger属性、 接入优先级属性其中之一。
其中， 所述当前位置信息是通过 HSS获知的， 所述获知方法为： 当 MTC UE再次向 3GPP网络附着时，向 HSS发起的位置更新过程中， HSS更新所述 MTC UE所在的服务 SGSN/MME的地址信息；
当需要激活所述 MTC UE时， 主动向 HSS查询并获取所述 MTC UE 所在的 MME/SGSN地址。
其中， 获取所述 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME地址信息时， 采用地址 订阅的方式，使 MME/SGSN的地址更新时， HSS就通知 MTC服务器 MTC Server;
所述 HSS需要签约所述 MTC UE的 IMSI、 终端应用标识的对应关系。 其中， 激活所述 MTC UE发起附着的过程包括：
MTC server向 MME/SGSN发起激活请求， MTC Server在激活请求中 提供 MTC UE 的 IMSI 标识， 由 MME/SGSN 发起 IMSI Paging ; 或 MME/SGSN根据终端标识查询 HSS, 获取终端标识对应的 IMSI, 然后发 起 IMSI paging; 所述 MTC UE接收到 IMSI paging后主动接入到 3GPP网 络。
一种激活终端的系统， 包括区域变化确认单元、 终端激活执行单元； 其中，
所述区域变化确认单元， 用于在 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 通过 获知的 MTC UE当前位置区域确认 MTC UE已移出上一次接入网络时的位 置区域范围， 并将该情况通知给终端激活执行单元；
所述终端激活执行单元， 用于控制所述 MTC UE再次向所述 3GPP网 络发起附着，触发所述 3GPP网络更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息。
其中， 所述 MTC UE接入到 3GPP网络后， 用于保存当前的 TA list/RA 区域信息； 当所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络中离线后， 仍然保存当前的 TA list/RA区域信息。
其中， 所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 用于定期接收网络广播信 道， 从广播信息中获取当前所在网络的位置区域信息； 并且监听寻呼信道， 当收到 IMSI寻呼时， 就请求接入到 3GPP网络。
其中， 所述 MTC UE接入到网络后， HSS/HLR用于保存该 MTC UE 当前的服务 SGSN/MME地址；
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 所述 3GPP网络用于根据该终端 激活属性确定不向 HSS/HLR发起 Purge流程，所述 HSS/HLR仍保存该 MTC UE当前的服务 SGSN/MME地址。
其中， 所述 3GPP网络确定所述终端激活属性时， 用于：
控制所述 SGSN/MME 根据运营商策略决定终端激活属性为终端的 MTC属性、 Trigger属性、 接入优先级属性其中之一。
其中，所述 MTC UE当前的位置信息是 MTC Server通过 HSS获知的， 所述 MTC Server获知所述当前位置区域后， 用于：
当需要激活所述 MTC UE时， 主动向 HSS查询并获取所述 MTC UE 所在的 MME/SGSN地址；
以及， 向 MME/SGSN发起激活请求， 在激活请求中提供 MTC UE的 IMSI标识， 触发 MME/SGSN发起 IMSI Paging; 或触发 MME/SGSN根据 终端标识查询 HSS, 获取终端标识对应的 IMSI, 然后发起 IMSI paging; 所 述 MTC UE用于在接收到 IMSI paging后主动接入到 3GPP网络。
其中， 该系统还包括网络激活优化单元， 用于根据终端激活属性决定 不发起 Purge流程， 在终端附着时更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息； 以及当 MTC Server请求激活终端时， 向所述终端发起 IMSI寻呼。
其中， 所述网络激活优化单元获取所述 MTC UE所在的位置信息时， 采用地址订阅的方式， 使作为位置信息的 MME/SGSN地址更新时， HSS 就通知 MTC Server;
所述 HSS用于签约所述 MTC UE的 IMSI、 终端应用标识的对应关系。 本发明方法和系统， 均能够保证离线的 MTC UE在接收到寻呼后再次 接入到网络， 从而实现离线激活， 因而避免出现无法激活离线终端的情况。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中 GPRS网络系统架构示意图；
图 2为现有技术中 EPS网络系统架构示意图；
图 3为现有技术的分组域寻呼流程图；
图 4为本发明实施例的 MTC终端在 3GPP网络附着后优化的流程图； 图 5为本发明一实施例的激活终端的流程图；
图 6为本发明又一实施例的激活终端的流程图；
图 7为本发明实施例的激活终端的流程简图；
图 8为本发明实施例的激活终端的系统图。 具体实施方式
总体而言， MTC终端从 3GPP网络离线后， 当根据从网络广播消息中 获取的当前位置区域确认自身已移出上一次接入网络时的位置区域范围 时， 所述 MTC终端再次向所述 3GPP网络发起附着， 所述 3GPP网络更新 终端在网络中的位置信息；
进一步地， 所述 MTC终端接入到 3GPP网络后保存当前的位置区域信 息， 当所述 MTC终端从 3GPP网络中离线后， 仍然需要保存当前的位置区 域信息；
进一步地， 所述终端在网络中的位置信息包括为该终端服务的 SGSN/MME地址等信息。
进一步地， 所述 MTC终端从 3GPP网络离线后， 需要定期接收网络广 播信道， 从广播信息中获取所在当前网络的位置区域信息；
进一步地， 所述 MTC终端从 3GPP网络离线后， 需要监听寻呼信道， 当收到 IMSI寻呼时， 就请求接入到 3GPP网络；
进一步地， 所述 MTC终端接入到网络后， HSS/HLR保存该 MTC终端 当前的 SGSN/MME地址； 所述 MTC终端从 3GPP网络离线后， 所述 3GPP 网络根据该终端激活属性不向 HSS/HLR发起清除（Purge ) 流程， 所述 HSS/HLR仍保存该 MTC终端当前的 SGSN/MME地址；
进一步地，所述 SGSN/MME根据运营商策略决定终端激活属性为终端 的 MTC属性、 触发（Trigger )属性、 接入优先级属性其中之一；
进一步地， 所述 MTC终端离线后， 根据获取的当前网络的位置区域信 息， 确定移动后的区域不在终端原先保存的位置区域范围， 需要主动向 3GPP网络发起附着， 并更新 MTC终端保存的 TA list/RA位置区域信息； 进一步地， 当 MTC终端再次向 3GPP网络附着时， 向 HSS发起的位置 更新过程中， HSS更新所述 MTC终端所在的 SGSN/MME的地址信息； 进一步地， 当 MTC server需要激活所述 MTC终端时， 主动向 HSS查 询并获取所述 MTC终端所在的 MME/SGSN地址；
进一步地， MTC server获取所述 MTC终端所在的 SGSN/MME地址信 息时， 可采用地址订阅的方式， 使 MME/SGSN的地址更新时， HSS就通知 MTC Server;
进一步地， HSS需要签约所述 MTC终端的 IMSI、 终端应用标识的对 应关系；
进一步地， MTC server向 MME/SGSN发起激活请求， MTC Server在 激活请求中提供 MTC终端的 IMSI标识，由 MME/SGSN发起 IMSI Paging; 或 MME/SGSN根据终端标识查询 HSS, 获取终端标识对应的 IMSI, 然后 SGSN/MME发起 IMSI paging;
进一步地，所述 MME/SGSN向该区域的无线接入网络发起 IMSI寻呼， 所述 MTC终端接收到 IMSI寻呼后主动接入到 3GPP网络。 需要说明的是， 所述 SGSN/MME 可以是为 UE 提供服务的服务 SGSN/MME。 所述终端的位置区域在 EPS网络中为 TA list ( Tracking Area list, 跟踪区域列表）， 在 GPRS网络中则为 RA ( Routing Area, 路由区域）。
可见， 当触发 MTC终端离线的情形产生时， 该 MTC终端需要继续保 存附着到网络时下载的当前 TA List/RA位置区域。 离线后需要定期接收网 络广播消息， 检测网络广播的新的移动位置区域的 TA List/RA位置区域信 息。 当发现新的移动位置区域的 TA List/RA区域信息已不在原来保存的 TA list/RA中时， MTC终端就主动再次向 3GPP网络发起附着， 附着请求通过 RAN发给移动性管理网元 MME/SGSN, MME/SGSN向 HSS/HLR进行位 置更新， 相应的 HSS/HLR更新 MTC终端所在的 MME/SGSN地址并进行 保存。如果 MTC Server向 HSS/HLR订阅了该 MTC终端的位置， HSS/HLR 需要将更新的 MME/SGSN地址发给 MTC Server。
当 MTC终端离线一段时间后， 移动性管理单元 SGSN/MME会删除该 MTC终端的上下文信息。 对标识有终端激活属性的 MTC终端， 运营商根 据策略决定哪一类终端属于终端激活属性的 MTC终端,如针对配置有高优 先级指示、配置有 MTC属性，或配置有 trigger属性等类属性的 MTC终端。 对具有终端激活属性的 MTC终端， 当 SGSN/MME删除该 MTC终端上下 文后， 不再向 HSS/HLR发起 urge流程， 相应的 HSS/HLR就不会删除为 该 MTC终端保存的 SGSN/MME的地址信息。
当 MTC Server需要激活该 MTC终端时，如果已经订阅了该 MTC终端 的位置信息 （如 MTC Server属于 3GPP网络， 就可以进行位置订阅）， 或 MTC Server通过 Sh接口向 HSS查询该 MTC终端的位置信息（ MTC Server 属于 3GPP网络， 或在外网， 都可以向 HSS查询）， 由 HSS返回该 MTC终 端所在的 MME/SGSN地址。 MTC Server向所述的 MME/SGSN发起对该 MTC终端的激活请求， MME/SGSN收到激活请求后，若请求消息中已包含 终端的 IMSI标识， 就向 RNS发起 IMSI寻呼过程； 若请求消息中未包含终 端的 IMSI标识 ,就需要向 HSS/HLR查询 IMSI标识 ,据此向 RNS发起 IMSI 寻呼过程。
MTC终端离线后， 一直监听寻呼信道。 当收到 IMSI寻呼后， 就发起 附着过程， 重新接入到 3GPP网络， 并与 MTC Server进行通信；
相对于现有 MTC终端而言， 本发明实施例中的 MTC终端在离线状态 下保存接收寻呼的身份标识， 并监听广播信道， 具有离线激活功能。
参见下面实施例说明，在实施例中约定： MTC终端离线前附着的 3GPP 网络为第一网络，分别包含第一 RNS,第一 SGSN/MME,第一 PGW/GGSN; 终端离线后移动到的新的区域所在的网络为第二网络，分别包含第二 RNS, 第二 SGSN/MME, 第二 PGW/GGSN。
实施例一
参见图 4, 图 4中， MTC UE在 3GPP第一网络进行附着时， 3GPP网 络第一 SGSN/MME (该实施例中简称 SGSN/MME,下同 )将第一 TAlist/RA 下载到 MTC UE。并在 HSS保存 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME的地址信息。 当 MTC UE离线后， 仍然需要继续保存附着时下载的第一 TA list/RA位置 区域信息， 直至下一次附着或进行位置更新时进行覆盖。 同时， 当具有激 活属性的 MTC UE从网络离线后， SGSN/MME释放该 MTC UE的上下文 后， 不再执行 Purge流程， HSS一直保留该 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME 地址信息。
当 MTC UE附着后， 若终端在线时位置发生了改变， 此时会触发位置 区域更新流程，包括 EPS网络中的跟踪区域位置更新（ Tracking Area Update , TAU )及 GPRS网络中的路由区域位置更新 ( Routing Area Update, RAU ) 位置更新流程。 在实际应用时， 可以将 EPS网络中的 TA list跟踪区域列表 及 GPRS网络中的 RA路由区域统称为 3GPP网络的位置区域。终端中保存 的 TA list/RA及 HSS中保存的 SGSN/MME的地址会进行更新，实施例一的 附着实施例与 TAU/RAU流程的实施例类似，其中提示 TAU/RAU流程的变 化， 不再单独描述 TAU/RAU过程。 具体流程如图 4所示， 包括以下步驟： 步驟 401 , MTC UE为了接入到 3GPP第一网络（包括 GPRS网络与 EPS网络）， 需要向第一 RNS ( eNodeB或 RNC ) (该实施例中简称 RNS , 下同 )发起附着请求， 其中携带了 MTC UE的标识（即 IMSI )、 MTC UE 的网络接入能力、 请求分配 IP的指示和终端接入代理能力等信息。 若终端 在线时位置改变， 发起的是 TAU/RAU流程。
若 MTC UE静态配置有终端属性， 如 trigger属性、 优先级属性、 MTC 属性， MTC UE则需要在附着请求中携带；
RNS为 MTC UE选择为之服务的 MME/SGSN, 并将附着请求转发到 该 MME/SGSN, 同时将附着消息中携带的相关信息也携带给 MME/SGSN。
步驟 402a, MME/SGSN向 MTC UE归属网的 HSS发送位置更新请求， 其中携带 MME/SGSN的地址信息和 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI ), 向 HSS告 知 MTC UE当前所接入的区域； HSS根据 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI )查找出 签约用户数据， 发送给 MME/SGSN;
MME/SGSN接收到 MTC UE的签约用户数据， 检查出 MTC GW被允 许接入到网络时， 向 HSS返回接受响应；
步驟 402b, HSS保存与 MTC UE标识（ IMSI )对应的 MME/SGSN的 地址信息； 需要说明的是， 如果是 TAU/RAU流程， HSS会更新 MTC UE 标识所对应的新的 MME/SGSN的地址信息。
步驟 403 ,可选的，如果 MTC Server已向 HSS/HLR订阅了该 MTC UE 的位置信息， HSS/HLR向 MTC Sever发送位置订阅信息，将 MTC UE的位 置信息 （主要是 SGSN/MME的地址， 还有 MTC UE的小区位置等信息 ) 通知给 MTC Server, MTC Server则进行保存。 步驟 404, MME/SGSN为 MTC UE选择第一 PGW/GGSN (该实施例 中简称 PGW/GGSN, 下同）， 并向其发送建立承载请求。 在该请求中携带 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI ), MME/SGSN的地址、 为 MTC GW分配 IP地址 的指示、 缺省带宽信息、 PGW/GGSN地址等。
PGW/GGSN根据 PCRF返回的或静态配置的 PCC策略，建立 PS承载， 并向 MME/SGSN返回 载建立响应；
步驟 405 , MME/SGSN保存承载上下文（ Bearer context ), 然后向 RNS 发送初始上下文设置请求或附着接受响应， 表明 MTC UE附着到网络的请 求已被接受， 并携带 MME/SGSN管理的 TA list/RA位置区域。
RNS向 MTC UE发送 RRC连接重配置请求 ,并开放相应的端口。 RRC 连接重配置请求中携带了 TA list/RA位置区域， 由 MTC UE进行保存。 需 要说明的是， 如果是 TAU流程， 终端会将新的 TA list/RA位置区域信息覆 盖原来的 TA list/RA位置区域信息， 并进行保存。
RRC连接更新后， MTC UE通知 3GPP网络附着已完成；
步驟 406, 可选的， 若 MTC UE为首次附着， 或该 MTC UE配置数据 发生了改变， MTC Server可以通过远程配置的方式为 MTC UE配置终端的 属性， 如终端的 trigger属性、 接入优先级属性、 MTC属性等。 MTC UE根 据策略决定哪类属性的终端为具有终端激活属性的终端， 需要具有离线激 活操作。
步驟 407, 若远程配置的终端属性未带给 3GPP网络， MTC UE需要发 起位置更新请求（ TAU请求；)， 将新配置的终端属性通知给 3GPP网络； 步驟 408, 附着到 3GPP网络的 MTC UE离线， 若该 MTC UE根据终 端激活属性需要进行离线激活操作， 该 MTC UE离线后需要保留附着时或 位置更新时从网络下载的 TA list/RA位置区域信息， 并定时接收广播信道， 及监听寻呼信道。 步驟 409, 当 3GPP网络中 SGSN/MME删除该 MTC UE上下文时， 会 根据运营商策略， 判断该终端属性是否是终端激活属性， 是否需要离线激 活， 如果需要， 就取消向 HSS/HLR发 Purge消息， 使 HSS/HLR不删除为 该终端保存的 SGSN/MME地址信息及上下文信息。
实施例二
参见图 5, 图 5中， MTC UE离线后定时接收 3GPP网络的广播信息， 并从中取出当前所在网络的位置区域信息 （如 TA/RA信息或 Cell信息）， 然后将当前所在网络的位置区域信息与终端保存的位置区域区域范围进行 比较。 如果当前所在网络的位置区域信息已不在保存的 TA list/RA范围， MTC UE就主动发起一次附着流程， 向 HSS 更新 MTC UE 当前所在的 SGSN/MME地址信息。 具体流程如图 5所示， 包括以下步驟：
步驟 501 , MTC UE离线后发生正常的位置移动，从第一网络位置区域 移动到了第二网络位置区域。该 MTC UE定时接收 3GPP网络的广播信息， 并从广播消息中获取当前所在网络的位置区域信息， 如当前的 TA/RA位置 区域信息， 或是 Cell位置区域信息；
步驟 502, MTC UE将当前所在网络的位置区域信息与上次离线时保存 的位置区域区域范围进行比较， 验证当前所在网络的位置区域是否在保存 的位置区域范围， 如果在保存的位置区域范围， 终端就继续保持离线状态； 如果当前所在网络的位置区域已经不在先前保存的位置区域范围， 说明终 端已移出了原来附着的 SGSN/MME管理区域， 终端需要主动附着到网络。
步驟 503 , MTC UE发现当前所在网络的位置区域已不在终端离线时保 存的位置区域范围， 该 MTC UE主动向 3GPP第二网络发起附着请求， 要 求附着到网络， 携带 MTC UE的 IMSI标识及终端属性；
该 MTC UE向 3GPP第二 RNS (本实施例中简称 RNS, 下同 )发起附 着请求， RNS为 MTC UE选择为之服务的第二 MME/SGSN (本实施例中 简称 MME/SGSN, 下同）， 并将附着请求转发到该 MME/SGSN, 同时将附 着消息中携带的相关信息也携带给 MME/SGSN。
步驟 504a, MME/SGSN向 MTC UE归属网的 HSS发送位置更新请求， 其中携带 MME/SGSN的地址信息和 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI ), 向 HSS告 知 MTC UE当前所接入的区域； HSS根据 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI )查找出 签约用户数据， 发送给 MME/SGSN;
MME/SGSN接收到 MTC UE的签约用户数据， 检查出 MTC UE被允 许接入到网络时， 向 HSS返回接受响应；
步驟 504b, HSS更新与 MTC UE标识（ IMSI )对应的 MME/SGSN的 地址信息；
步驟 505 ,可选的，如果 MTC Server已向 HSS/HLR订阅了该 MTC UE 的位置信息， 当该位置信息发生改变或更新时， HSS/HLR向 MTC Sever发 送位置订阅信息， 将 MTC UE的位置信息 （主要是 SGSN/MME的地址， 还有 MTC UE的小区位置等信息 )通知给 MTC Server, MTC Server则进行 保存。
步驟 506, MME/SGSN为 MTC GW选择第二 PGW/GGSN (本实施例 中简称 PGW/GGSN, 下同）， 并向其发送建立承载请求。 在该请求中携带 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI ), MME/SGSN的标识及地址、 为 MTC UE分配 IP 地址的指示、 缺省带宽信息、 PGW/GGSN地址等。
PGW/GGSN根据 PCRF返回的或静态配置的 PCC策略，建立 PS承载， 并向 MME/SGSN返回 载建立响应；
步驟 507, MME/SGSN保存承载上下文， 然后向 RNS发送初始上下文 设置请求或附着接受响应， 表明 MTC UE附着到网络的请求已被接受， 并 携带 MME/SGSN管理的第二 TA list/RA位置区域。
RNS向 MTC UE发送 RRC连接重配置请求，并开放相应的端口。 RRC 连接重配置请求中携带了第二 TA list/RA位置区域， 终端进行位置区域更 新， 用第二 TA list/RA位置区域覆盖原先保存的第一位置区域并进行保存。
RRC连接更新后， MTC UE通知 3GPP网络附着已完成；
步驟 508, 可选的， 当 MTC UE主动附着到 3GPP第二网络后， 可以主 动与 MTC Server进行应用层的交互， 避免 MTC Server因需要该 MTC UE 进行信息交互而发起激活操作；
步驟 509, 附着到 3GPP第二网络的 MTC UE离线， 若该 MTC UE根 据终端激活属性需要进行离线激活操作， 该 MTC UE离线后需要保留附着 时或位置更新时从网络下载的 TA list/RA位置区域信息，并定时接收广播信 道， 及监听寻呼信道。
步驟 510 , 当 3GPP网络中 SGSN/MME删除该 MTC UE上下文时， 会 根据运营商策略， 判断该终端属性是否是终端激活属性， 是否需要离线激 活， 如果需要， 就取消向 HSS/HLR发 Purge消息， 使 HSS/HLR不删除为 该终端保存的 SGSN/MME地址信息及上下文信息。
实施例三
参见图 6,图 6中， MTC UE位于第二网络，并已主动附着过第二网络， HSS更新了该 MTC UE对应的 SGSN/MME的地址。 当 MTC Server需要激 活该 MTC UE并与之通信时， MTC Server从 HSS获知该 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME 的地址， 然后向所述 SGSN/MME 发起终端激活请求。 SGSN/MME对该 MTC UE发起 IMSI寻呼。 MTC UE监听寻呼信道， 当接 收到 IMSI寻呼后， 就向 3GPP网络发起附着， 然后与 MTC Server进行信 息交互， 完成 MTC Server激活终端的过程。 具体流程如图 6所示， 包括以 下步驟：
步驟 601 , MTC Server需要向离线的 MTC UE发起离线激活， 与该 MTC UE进行通信。 MTC Server可以向 HSS进行 MTC UE位置订阅进行获 取， 或者， MTC Server可以通过与 HSS/HLR的 Sh接口， 采用 MTC UE标 识向 HSS/HLR进行查询， HSS/HLR向 MTC Server返回该 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME的地址。 地址查询的方式通常用于 MTC Server在公网的场景。
MTC Server采用的 MTC UE标识可能是 IMSI标识， 也可能是终端应 用标识， 若是终端应用标识， 在 HSS需要签约终端应用标识与 IMSI的对 应关系；
步驟 602, MTC Server向 SGSN/HSS发起终端激活请求， 携带终端标 识及激活指示。
激活指示表明需要网络触发该终端接入到网络。终端标识可能是 IMSI, 也可能是应用标识；
步驟 603 , SGSN/MME接收到激活终端请求后，若终端标识不是 IMSI, 需要向 HSS/HLR查询该 MTC UE的 IMSI标识， HSS/HLR根据终端应用标 识找到 IMSI, 并返回给 SGSN/MME;
步驟 604, SGSN/MME向与之连接的各 RNS发起 IMSI寻呼请求， 携 带该 MTC UE的 IMSI及激活指示；
步驟 605 , RNS通过寻呼信道发起 IMSI寻呼，寻呼消息中包含该 MTC UE的 IMSI及激活指示；
步驟 606, 该 MTC UE离线后一直监听寻呼信道， 当接收到 IMSI寻呼 后， 就向 3GPP网络发起附着请求， 附着到该 3GPP网络。
该 MTC UE向 RNS发起附着请求， RNS为 MTC UE选择为之服务的 MME/SGSN, 并将附着请求转发到该 MME/SGSN, 同时将附着消息中携带 的相关信息也携带给 MME/SGSN。
步驟 607a, MME/SGSN向 MTC UE归属网的 HSS发送位置更新请求， 其中携带 MME/SGSN的地址信息和 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI ), 向 HSS告 知 MTC UE当前所接入的区域； HSS根据 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI )查找出 签约用户数据， 发送给 MME/SGSN;
MME/SGSN接收到 MTC UE的签约用户数据， 检查出 MTC UE被允 许接入到网络时， 向 HSS返回接受响应；
步驟 607b, HSS更新与 MTC UE标识（ IMSI )对应的 MME/SGSN的 地址信息；
步驟 608,可选的，如果 MTC Server已向 HSS/HLR订阅了该 MTC UE 的位置信息， 当该位置信息发生改变或更新时， HSS/HLR向 MTC Sever发 送位置订阅信息， 将 MTC UE的位置信息 （主要是 SGSN/MME的地址， 还有 MTC UE的小区位置等信息 )通知给 MTC Server, MTC Server进行保 存。
步驟 609, MME/SGSN为 MTC GW选择 PGW/GGSN, 并向其发送建 立承载请求。 在该请求中携带 MTC UE的标识（ IMSI )、 MME/SGSN的标 识及地址、 为 MTC UE分配 IP地址的指示、 缺省带宽信息、 PGW/GGSN 地址等。
PGW/GGSN根据 PCRF返回的或静态配置的 PCC策略，建立 PS承载， 并向 MME/SGSN返回 载建立响应；
步驟 610, MME/SGSN保存承载上下文， 然后向 RNS发送初始上下文 设置请求或附着接受响应， 表明 MTC UE附着到网络的请求已被接受， 并 携带 MME/SGSN管理的 TA list/RA位置区域。
RNS向 MTC UE发送 RRC连接重配置请求，并开放相应的端口。 RRC 连接重配置请求中携带了 TA list/RA位置区域，终端进行位置区域更新，用 该 TA list/RA位置区域覆盖原先保存的位置区域并进行保存。
RRC连接更新后， MTC UE通知 3GPP网络附着已完成；
步驟 611 , 当 MTC UE附着到 3GPP网络后，根据寻呼消息中的激活指 示， 与 MTC Server建立应用层通道并进行信息交互， 完成 MTC Server通 过 3GPP网络激活终端通信的过程。
根据实施例一、 二、 三， 当 MTC UE在 3GPP网络离线并且发生了位 置移动时， MTC Server可以通过 3GPP网络激活该 MTC UE并进行信息交 互。
可见， 本发明中， 当触发 MTC UE离线的情形产生时， 该 MTC UE需 要继续保存当前接入时的 TA list/RA位置区域信息， 当移动到新的 TA/RA 位置区域时， 需要主动附着到 3GPP网络， 更新 HSS/HLR保存的所述 MTC UE所在的 MME/SGSN地址信息。 这样， MTC Server就可以从 HSS获得 所述 MTC UE当前所在的 MME/SGSN地址信息，并向该 MME/SGSN请求 激活 MTC UE; 所述 MME/SGSN向无线接入网络发起 IMSI寻呼， 离线的 MTC UE接收到该 IMSI寻呼后再次接入到网络， 从而实现离线激活。
结合以上各实施例可知， 本发明激活终端的操作思路可以表示如图 7 所示的流程， 图 7所示流程包括以下步驟：
步驟 710: MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 通过获知的当前位置区域确 认自身已移出上一次接入网络时的位置区域范围。
步驟 720: 所述 MTC UE再次向所述 3GPP网络发起附着， 所述 3GPP 网络更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息。
为了保证上述各实施例以及操作思路能够顺利实现， 可以进行如图 8 所示的设置。 参见图 8, 图 8为本发明实施例的激活终端的系统图， 该系统 包括相连的区域变化确认单元、 终端激活执行单元、 网络激活优化单元。
在实际应用中， 区域变化确认单元能够在 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线 后 , 通过获知的 MTC UE当前位置区域确认 MTC UE已移出上一次接入网 络时的位置区域范围， 并将该情况通知给终端激活执行单元， 由终端激活 执行单元控制所述 MTC UE再次向所述 3GPP 网络发起附着， 触发所述 3GPP网络更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息。 需要说明的是， 还可以包括与终端激活执行单元相连的网络激活优化 单元， 用于根据终端激活属性决定不发起 Purge流程，在终端附着时更新所 述 MTC UE所在的位置信息； 以及当 MTC Server请求激活终端时， 向所述 终端发起 IMSI寻呼。并且， 网络激活优化单元获取 MTC UE所在的位置信 息时， 采用地址订阅的方式， 使作为位置信息的 MME/SGSN地址更新时， HSS就通知 MTC Server; 另外， HSS用于签约 MTC UE的 IMSI、 终端应 用标识的对应关系。
另外， 在终端保存的 TA/RA信息通常统称为位置区域， 在网络侧保存 的 MTC UE的位置通常统称为位置信息。
所述位置区域主要包括网络向终端下发的 TA list/RA，表明在此范围移 动， 终端不需要进行切换； 网络向终端广播也可能具体到 cell, 或是 TA/RA 信息， 终端可以根据广播中的 TA/RA/Cdl信息来判断是否还在原来的网络 管理区域范围。
网络侧保存的 MTC UE的位置信息主要包括 SGSN/MME的地址， 以 及 cell id的信息， 表明 MTC UE所驻留的无线侧网元及核心网网元。
综上所述可见， 无论是方法还是系统， 本发明激活终端的技术， 能够 保证离线的 MTC UE在接收到寻呼后再次接入到网络，从而实现离线激活， 因而避免出现无法激活离线终端的情况。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种激活终端的方法， 包括：
机器类型通信终端 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 通过获知的当前位 置区域确认自身已移出上一次接入网络时的位置区域范围； 所述 MTC UE 再次向所述 3GPP网络发起附着， 所述 3GPP网络更新所述 MTC UE在网 络中的位置信息。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE接入到 3GPP网络后， 保存当前的位置区域信息； 当所 述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络中离线后， 仍然保存当前的位置区域信息。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 定期接收网络广播信道， 从广播 信息中获取当前所在网络的位置区域信息； 并且监听寻呼信道， 当收到国 际移动用户识别码 IMSI寻呼 Paging时， 就请求接入到 3GPP网络。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中， 该方法还包括：
所述 MTC UE 接入到网络后， 归属用户服务器 /归属位置寄存器 HSS/HLR保存该 MTC UE 当前的服务 GPRS 支持节点 /移动管理实体 SGSN/MME地址；
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 所述 3GPP网络根据该终端激活 属性确定不向 HSS/HLR发起清除 Purge流程，所述 HSS/HLR仍保存该 MTC UE当前的 SGSN/MME地址。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其中， 所述终端激活属性的确定方法 为：
所述 SGSN/MME根据运营商策略决定终端激活属性为终端的 MTC属 性、 触发 Trigger属性、 接入优先级属性其中之一。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的方法， 其中， 所述当前位置信息 是通过 HSS获知的， 所述获知方法为：
当 MTC UE再次向 3GPP网络附着时，向 HSS发起的位置更新过程中， HSS更新所述 MTC UE所在的服务 SGSN/MME的地址信息；
当需要激活所述 MTC UE时， 主动向 HSS查询并获取所述 MTC UE 所在的 MME/SGSN地址。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其中，
获取所述 MTC UE所在的 SGSN/MME地址信息时， 采用地址订阅的 方式，使 MME/SGSN的地址更新时， HSS就通知 MTC服务器 MTC Server; 所述 HSS需要签约所述 MTC UE的 IMSI、 终端应用标识的对应关系。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其中， 激活所述 MTC UE发起附着的 过程包括：
MTC server向 MME/SGSN发起激活请求， MTC Server在激活请求中 提供 MTC UE 的 IMSI 标识， 由 MME/SGSN 发起 IMSI Paging ; 或 MME/SGSN根据终端标识查询 HSS, 获取终端标识对应的 IMSI, 然后发 起 IMSI paging; 所述 MTC UE接收到 IMSI paging后主动接入到 3GPP网 络。
9、一种激活终端的系统， 包括区域变化确认单元、终端激活执行单元； 其中，
所述区域变化确认单元， 用于在 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 通过 获知的 MTC UE当前位置区域确认 MTC UE已移出上一次接入网络时的位 置区域范围， 并将该情况通知给终端激活执行单元；
所述终端激活执行单元， 用于控制所述 MTC UE再次向所述 3GPP网 络发起附着，触发所述 3GPP网络更新所述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其中，
所述 MTC UE接入到 3GPP网络后， 用于保存当前的 TA list/RA区域 信息； 当所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络中离线后 , 仍然保存当前的 TA list/RA 区域信息。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其中，
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 用于定期接收网络广播信道， 从 广播信息中获取当前所在网络的位置区域信息； 并且监听寻呼信道， 当收 到 IMSI寻呼时， 就请求接入到 3GPP网络。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其中，
所述 MTC UE接入到网络后， HSS/HLR用于保存该 MTC UE当前的 服务 SGSN/MME地址；
所述 MTC UE从 3GPP网络离线后， 所述 3GPP网络用于根据该终端 激活属性确定不向 HSS/HLR发起 Purge流程，所述 HSS/HLR仍保存该 MTC UE当前的服务 SGSN/MME地址。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的系统， 其中， 所述 3GPP网络确定所述终 端激活属性时， 用于：
控制所述 SGSN/MME 根据运营商策略决定终端激活属性为终端的 MTC属性、 Trigger属性、 接入优先级属性其中之一。
14、 根据权利要求 9至 13任一项所述的系统， 其中， 所述 MTC UE当 前的位置信息是 MTC Server通过 HSS获知的， 所述 MTC Server获知所述 当前位置区域后， 用于：
当需要激活所述 MTC UE时， 主动向 HSS查询并获取所述 MTC UE 所在的 MME/SGSN地址；
以及， 向 MME/SGSN发起激活请求， 在激活请求中提供 MTC UE的 IMSI标识， 触发 MME/SGSN发起 IMSI Paging; 或触发 MME/SGSN根据 终端标识查询 HSS, 获取终端标识对应的 IMSI, 然后发起 IMSI paging; 所 述 MTC UE用于在接收到 IMSI paging后主动接入到 3GPP网络。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的系统， 其中， 该系统还包括网络激活优化 单元， 用于根据终端激活属性决定不发起 Purge流程，在终端附着时更新所 述 MTC UE在网络中的位置信息； 以及当 MTC Server请求激活终端时， 向 所述终端发起 IMSI寻呼。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的系统， 其中，
所述网络激活优化单元获取所述 MTC UE所在的位置信息时， 采用地 址订阅的方式， 使作为位置信息的 MME/SGSN地址更新时， HSS就通知 MTC Server;
所述 HSS用于签约所述 MTC UE的 IMSI、 终端应用标识的对应关系。
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