WO2012097493A1 - Machine de pompage de pétrole - Google Patents

Machine de pompage de pétrole Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012097493A1
WO2012097493A1 PCT/CN2011/002061 CN2011002061W WO2012097493A1 WO 2012097493 A1 WO2012097493 A1 WO 2012097493A1 CN 2011002061 W CN2011002061 W CN 2011002061W WO 2012097493 A1 WO2012097493 A1 WO 2012097493A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
pumping unit
rope
rewinding
sucker rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/002061
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
项援
聂圣成
Original Assignee
北京宝圣得机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201110024440.7A external-priority patent/CN102606112B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2011202926800U external-priority patent/CN202181881U/zh
Application filed by 北京宝圣得机械有限公司 filed Critical 北京宝圣得机械有限公司
Priority to US13/979,847 priority Critical patent/US20140241918A1/en
Publication of WO2012097493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012097493A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/006—Solar operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/02—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
    • F04B47/02—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
    • F04B47/022—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level driving of the walking beam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
    • F04B47/14—Counterbalancing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of oil pumping machines, and in particular to a wheel pumping unit. Background technique
  • Non-self-injection wells are widely used for beam-type crank balance pumping units.
  • This type of pumping unit has been pumping for a hundred years, with high energy consumption, low working efficiency, strong mechanical impact, and large amounts of cement and steel.
  • energy conservation and emission reduction have become a major issue in the current world oil production industry.
  • Cida 200310100186.X discloses a pumping workover rig including a sun gear shaft, a reducer, a large gear, a pinion gear, an electric motor, a hoist rope, a weight body, a counterweight frame, a guide wire rope, and a pumping machine.
  • a polishing rod a main frame, a support platform, and a sky wheel (traction wheel), wherein the large gear and the balance wheel are fixed to each other, and are mounted on the crown wheel shaft by a sky wheel bearing, and the sun gear shaft is fastened to the bracket platform by a sun gear shaft fastener Upper, or the large gear and the balance wheel and the balance wheel shaft are fixed to each other, the two ends of the balance shaft are fastened to the bracket platform by bearings, and the reducer, the motor, the brake and the overload protector are all mounted on the bracket platform, the bracket platform and the main frame
  • the top of the suspension is connected, the suspension rope is connected to the pumping rod, and the other end is connected to the axle of the skywheel by the suspension rope.
  • the weight is fastened to the balance wheel by the weight frame and the lanyard and the weight body traction rope.
  • the motor is connected to the reducer via a brake and a coupling, and the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the pinion gear, and the pinion gear meshes with the large gear.
  • the new pumping workover rig has a significant improvement in overall efficiency, and it has the function of some workover rigs.
  • a professional workover rig may be required.
  • the balance wheel and the main body member occupying the space above the sucker rod need to be displaced, causing a lot of inconvenience.
  • adaptive changes are required for the electric machine, the transmission, and the like.
  • a double-draw pumping unit is disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 03102663.X, in which one or more upper guide wheels are provided at the top of the bracket, and a lower guide wheel is also provided at the bottom of the bracket.
  • the upper guide wheel is fixedly mounted on the bracket, and the upper guide wheel on the side of the bracket occupies the space above the sucker rod, so in the workover work, the upper guide wheel needs to be removed to give up the space above the sucker rod.
  • the disassembly of such a guide wheel is time-consuming and laborious. In some cases, even if the upper guide wheel is removed, it is difficult to give up the space required for workover. Therefore, it is even necessary to move the pumping unit during workover. go.
  • the driving form of the existing pumping unit generally adopts friction type transmission and external tooth meshing transmission, the friction type transmission is easy to slip and the efficiency is low, and the external tooth meshing transmission wears large, the stress per unit area is concentrated and the space is occupied. .
  • One object of the present invention is to provide an improved pumping unit which has the advantages of low oil recovery cost, remarkable energy saving effect, compact structure and convenient maintenance.
  • a pumping unit comprising a main frame, a sucker rod, a weight body, a platform disposed at the top of the main frame, a motor, a guide wheel and a rewinding wheel disposed on the platform, the electric mechanism causing the rewinding to be driven
  • the wheel is rotated about its longitudinal axis, the rewind wheel having a left half and a right half distributed along the axis.
  • the winding wheel is provided with 2n first holes on the circumference of the winding wheel, and is divided into n first holes respectively located on the left half and the right half, and one lead is taken from each of the first holes
  • the weight matching traction rope is connected with the fastener on the weight body to form a counterweight running traction system;
  • the winding wheel is further provided with 2n second holes on the circumference of the winding wheel, which are respectively located in the left half and
  • Each of the n second holes on the right half leads a sucker rod suspension rope from each of the second holes through the guide wheel and is connected with the sucker rod through a tractor to constitute a sucker rod operation a traction system;
  • the rewinding wheel is further provided with a 2m circular spiral groove along the circumferential surface of the wheel, n, m is a natural number and m > n, wherein the m-circle spiral groove is located in the left half, and the m-ring spiral groove is located at the right a half portion, the spiral
  • each of the first apertures and a corresponding second aperture adjacent thereto such that at least a portion of the helical grooves extending therebetween are shared by the sucker rod suspension and the weighted traction ropes from which they are drawn.
  • the rewinding wheel has a small width, and the motor work is only to change the upper and lower directions of the sucker rod and the weight body continuously changing under the action of mutual gravitational field, and overcome the wheel-type rewinding wheel.
  • the friction between the wheel circumference and the coiled surface of the wire rope greatly improves the energy utilization rate, and
  • the reduced width is well adapted to the current weight width.
  • the sucker rod suspension rope and the weight body traction rope can always reverse the torque of the rewinding wheel.
  • the first hole and the second hole are alternately arranged in the axial direction on the left half and/or the right half.
  • the 2n first holes are arranged along a line parallel to the longitudinal axis and/or the 2n second holes are arranged along a line parallel to the longitudinal axis, and 2n first holes and/or 2n
  • the second aperture is bilaterally symmetrical about the transverse centerline.
  • the first aperture and the second aperture are at an angle ⁇ 110 along the circumference of the rewinding wheel. -145. , for example 120. , staggered arrangement.
  • the weight body traction rope is still wound around the spiral groove; at the bottom dead center of the pumping stroke, at least a portion of the pumping stroke
  • the oil rod suspension rope is still wound around the spiral groove.
  • the sucker rod suspension rope and the weight body traction rope are configured, for example, when the sucker rod suspension rope is wound between the first hole and the corresponding one of the second holes. In the case of a spiral groove, the weight body traction rope completely leaves the spiral groove, or vice versa.
  • the four weight body traction ropes extending from the four first holes may be constituted by one mother rope, wherein one end of the female rope is fixed to the four first holes by the adjustable fixing device near the rewinding. a first first hole at one end of the wheel and the other end of the female rope is taken out from the first first hole, and then the other end of the female rope is passed through a second first hole adjacent to the first first hole Inserting into the winding wheel and passing through a third first hole adjacent to the second first hole, and then passing through the fourth first hole adjacent to the third first hole And fixed thereto by an adjustable holder, thereby forming four weight-weight traction ropes of equal length.
  • the weighted tow rope thus configured can easily adjust the tension of each traction rope itself for a long time, and the female rope has a movable pulley and a rope adjuster, and has the function of self-correcting and adjusting the slack.
  • the four sucker rod suspension cords can also be constructed of a single female rope.
  • Other numbers of weight body traction ropes and sucker rod suspension ropes can also be similarly arranged.
  • a plurality of planar scroll springs are mounted at both ends of the rewinding drum body, and the two sets of planar scroll springs are wound in opposite directions, at the highest or lowest stroke of the pumping unit.
  • the central setting is to suppress the inertia when the rewinding wheel is reversed by damping.
  • the planar scroll spring thus configured can eliminate the toothing phenomenon in the mechanical toothed transmission in the internal toothed transmission, and can reduce the double-sided tooth surface wear, and reduce the mechanical commutation of the motor and the rewinding wheel. The effect of inertia and impact force to achieve mechanical smooth commutation.
  • a guide wheel bracket is further provided, the guide wheel bracket is pivotally mounted on the platform at one end, and the other end cantilever extends out of the platform and is mounted with the guide wheel, and the rotation of the rewinding wheel is The guide wheel bracket and the guide wheel are driven to pivot upward relative to the platform in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the platform.
  • connection mechanism for releasably connecting the guide wheel bracket to the rewinding wheel body when the sucker rod suspension rope is disconnected from the sucker rod and the steering wheel is pivoted upwardly
  • the connection mechanism including a first connecting portion disposed on the guide wheel bracket, a second connecting portion disposed on the winding wheel, and a connecting rope releasably connecting the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, in a rewinding
  • the guide wheel bracket is pulled upward by the connecting rope, thereby pulling the guiding wheel to pivot upward.
  • the connecting mechanism includes a connecting portion disposed on the guide wheel bracket for releasably fixing the sucker rod suspension rope to the guide wheel bracket instead of the connecting rope when the steering wheel needs to be pivoted upward, thereby When the rewinding wheel rotates, the guide rod bracket is pulled upward by the sucker rod suspension rope, and then the guide wheel is pulled upward to pivot.
  • the configuration is such that after the workover is replaced with the work tractor of the workover machine, the rewinding wheel is driven by the motor, and the rewinding wheel drives the guide wheel to pivot upward relative to the platform, the pumping unit
  • the tractor and the sucker rod suspension rope are vertically pulled up and down in the inner groove of the guide wheel, and the guide wheel is located in the workover position, thereby conveniently allowing the workover space without manual manual operation and facilitating safe operation.
  • a workover gear is provided in the control panel of the control system to achieve a highly automated workover.
  • the pumping unit of the present invention further includes a guide wheel adjustment positioning protrusion disposed on the platform adjacent to the sucker rod, configured to cooperate with a recess provided on the guide wheel bracket to fix the guide wheel and Adjust the elevation angle of the guide wheel relative to the platform.
  • the adjustment positioning convex portion is two bolts which are screwed on both sides of the platform, and the concave portion is a groove provided on both sides of the guide wheel bracket, and the elevation angle of the guide wheel can be adjusted by screwing the bolt, thereby facilitating the guide wheel Pivot up.
  • the elevation angle is 6 degrees to 12 degrees, and the adjustment of the elevation angle can also be used to finely adjust the front and rear positions of the guide wheel relative to the wellhead.
  • the guide wheel adjusts the positioning convex portion and is disposed under it The mutual cooperation of the square recesses also prevents the guide wheels from shifting left and right, thereby improving structural stability.
  • the main frame of the pumping unit is configured to form a cylindrical main frame having a vertical cylinder chamber and a door for controlling the electrical control of the motor to be disposed in the vertical chamber, and the weight body and the weight body traction rope Extend into the chamber.
  • the height of the vertical main frame depends on the length of the stroke of the sucker rod during pumping.
  • the thickness of the steel material selected for the vertical main frame should be moderately considered to enhance the rigidity of the derrick.
  • the electrical control is rejected on the back of the main frame opening door, which is an indoor working condition. It has improved the field environment of the existing electronically controlled rejection, and strengthened the anti-theft and security.
  • the electrically controlled control panel is externally placed in a head-up position outside the door to facilitate operator operation.
  • the rewinding wheel has an inner ring gear embedded at at least one end of the inner portion of the cylinder, preferably at one end, the inner ring gear meshing with the output gear shaft of the multi-stage reducer, and the multi-stage reducer
  • the input is connected to the output shaft of the motor via a coupling.
  • the internal tooth meshing transmission between the ring gear and the output gear shaft in the present invention is close to the conventional beam pumping unit in terms of rigidity, strength and reliability, and improves the mechanical structure of the conventional external tooth drive, and the transmission system The working environment is improved and the maintenance is simple.
  • the reel type rewinding wheel is used, so that the motor reversing work control mechanical rotation capability is enhanced, and the overall performance of the motor and the controller is improved, and the matching operation is achieved.
  • the motor can be connected and driven by a shifting mechanism in the form of a planetary gear.
  • a shifting mechanism in the form of a planetary gear.
  • the inner ring gear is similarly arranged, and the sun gear, the planetary gears, the planet carrier, and the like are provided, which eliminates the above-described speed reducer.
  • the meshing gear ratio of the ring gear and the output gear shaft is significantly increased as compared with the conventional outer meshing gear ratio of 1:1, for example, 1:2.5, in the shifting mechanism of the planetary gear transmission type.
  • the number of meshing teeth is even more than 5, which makes the transmission ratio of the transmission system more reasonable.
  • the mechanical torque of the transmission is increased and the rigidity of the transmission mechanism is increased.
  • the input end of the multi-stage reducer is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, and a power-dissipating brake disc is arranged between the coupling and the input end of the multi-stage reducer to form a mechanical transmission system and Electric drive system.
  • the conventional gearbox and its transmission shaft can be omitted, the transmission mechanism is simplified, and the gearless transmission shaft type transmission is realized.
  • the sun gear, planet gears and planet carrier are housed inside the rewinding drum body, making the transmission system more compact.
  • the motor can even directly connect and drive the rewind wheel.
  • the oil pumping unit of the present invention in order to effectively utilize the wind energy in the natural world, the oil pumping unit is provided with a wind power generation system including a wind turbine generator and a fan controller connected in series. And the battery pack, and the battery pack is connected to the pumping unit control management system via the inverter. Wherein the wind power generator is arranged on a platform at the top of the main frame, and the battery pack is disposed in the weight body.
  • the pumping unit is further provided with a photovoltaic power generation system including a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic controller and a battery pack connected in series.
  • the battery pack is connected to the pumping unit control management system via an inverter.
  • the oil pumping unit may be provided with both a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system, wherein the wind power generation system includes a wind power generator, a fan controller, and a battery pack that are sequentially connected, and the battery pack
  • the inverter is connected to the pumping unit control management system
  • the photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic module connected to the battery pack, and a photovoltaic controller is disposed between the photovoltaic module and the battery pack.
  • the counterweight of the counterweight running traction system is configured to be slightly smaller than the weight of the sucker rod operating traction system.
  • the motor forward and reverse running current difference is preferably between 1-2 amps.
  • the invention also provides a plurality of control systems for the above-mentioned pumping unit, which can realize flexible transitional commutation of mechanical and motor interactions during commutation operation, reduce impact on mechanical mechanism, improve mechanical, motor and control
  • the long-term operating strength of the device is durable.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of a pumping unit in accordance with the present invention showing the guide wheel in a working position and a workover position;
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the pumping unit shown in Figure 1 in a working position
  • FIG 3 is a front view of the pumping unit shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a planar scroll spring device disposed in a rewinding wheel
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the sucker rod suspension rope substantially completely wound into the rewinding wheel
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of the weight body traction rope substantially completely wound into the rewinding wheel
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the working platform of the pumping unit shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the sucker rod suspension rope, the weight body traction rope, the guide wheel and the rewinding wheel;
  • Figures 9a and 9b schematically illustrate a configuration in which a sucker rod suspension rope and a weight body traction rope are wound on a spiral groove in another embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9c is a schematic side elevational view of Figures 9a and 9b showing two opposite rewinding directions for the upward and downward strokes of the sucker rod;
  • Figure 10a shows the physical curve of the positive and negative switching movements of the motor output shaft when the induction motor is uncontrolled
  • Figure 10b is a physical curve of the forward and reverse switching motions of the rewinding wheel without being controlled
  • Figure 10c is the internal toothing of the cylinder of the transmission output gear shaft and the rewinding wheel without being controlled Positive and negative switching operation physical characteristic curves
  • Figure 11a is a physical characteristic curve of a planar scroll spring inside the rewinding drum body, wherein the positive and negative forces are simultaneously generated;
  • Figure l ib is the resistance characteristic of the induction motor when the induction motor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor are controlled.
  • Figure 11c is a comparison of the operating conditions of the pumping unit according to the present invention and the existing beam pumping unit;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the control of the upper VI and the lower V2 of the stroke D of the sucker rod of the control system of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a side elevational view of another embodiment of a pumping unit in accordance with the present invention showing the guide wheel in a working position and a workover position;
  • Figure 14 is a side elevational view of the pumping unit of Figure 13 in the operating position
  • Figure 15a is a plan view of the working platform of the pumping unit shown in Figure 13;
  • Figures 15b and 15c show the motor and shifting mechanism, respectively
  • Figure 16 is a view showing still another embodiment of the oil pumping unit of Figure 13 equipped with a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the arrangement between a wind power generation system and a photovoltaic power generation system equipped with a pumping unit according to the present invention
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view of the shifting mechanism of the planetary gear transmission and the planar scroll spring disposed in the rewinding wheel. List of reference signs
  • the wheeled pumping unit of the present invention mainly comprises a vertical tubular main frame 9, a sucker rod 1, a weight body 11, a platform 8 disposed at the top of the main frame, and a motor disposed on the platform 8. 27.
  • a top platform seal 30 can also be provided on the platform 8 to avoid external influences.
  • the motor is driven by the multi-stage reducer 106 to the rewinding wheel 5 to drive the rewinding wheel, but it is conceivable that the motor can also be indirectly (for example, at light load) or indirectly through other devices.
  • the winding wheel is coupled and driven to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the winding wheel, as described in detail below.
  • the main frame 9 has a vertical cylinder chamber and a door 14 in which a control refusal 12 for controlling the motor is disposed, and the weight body 11 and the weight body traction rope 10 extend into the vertical cylinder chamber. indoor.
  • the height of the vertical tubular main frame 9 depends on the length of the stroke during pumping.
  • the thickness of the steel material selected for the vertical frame main frame 9 should be moderately considered to enhance the rigidity of the derrick, and the control refusal 12 is placed on the back of the door 14 of the main frame, which is an indoor working condition.
  • the control panel of the control panel is placed in a head-up position outside the door 14 to facilitate operational control.
  • a recess is provided in the vertical chamber opposite to the weight body, so that the weight body 11 can be extended during the downward running.
  • the stroke of the sucker rod can be changed to a certain extent The height of the vertical cylindrical main frame 9 is lowered.
  • the rewinding wheel is constructed and arranged in such a manner, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, respectively, that the sucker rod suspension rope is completely wound into the reel type rewinding wheel and the counterweight tow rope is completely wound into the rewinding wheel.
  • a very schematic illustration on the top For the sake of clarity, the weight body traction rope is omitted in Fig. 5, and the sucker rod suspension rope is omitted in Fig. 6, and the implementation in Figs. 5 and 6 is correspondingly represented as a suspension rope or a traction rope, and the broken line indicates that it is not The spiral groove occupied by the hanging rope or the traction rope is shown.
  • the second holes 5b arranged in a straight line are symmetrically divided into two left second holes on the left side of the winding wheel and two right second holes on the right side of the winding wheel, from each of the second holes
  • Each of the 5b leads to a sucker rod suspension rope 2, and the sucker rod suspension rope 2 extends through the guide wheel 4 and is connected with the sucker rod 1 through the tractor 3 to form a sucker rod running traction system.
  • the weight body traction rope fasteners 16 on the weight body 11 are connected to form a counterweight running traction system.
  • the four second holes 5b for the sucker rod suspension 2 are closer to the intermediate portion of the winding wheel than the four first holes 5a for the weight pulling rope 10.
  • the four first holes 5a for the weight body traction rope 10 are closer to the intermediate portion of the wheel rewind wheel than the corresponding four second holes for the sucker rod suspension rope 2 also fall in the present invention.
  • the other 8 turns of the spiral groove are located in the right half of the rewinding wheel 5 and are right-handed, and the four first holes 5a are respectively arranged in the 4 turns of the spiral groove in the 16-turn spiral groove, and the 4 second holes are arranged in the The other 4 turns of the spiral groove in the 16-turn spiral groove.
  • each of the first holes and the adjacent one of the corresponding second holes provide a portion of the spiral groove extending therebetween.
  • the sucker rod suspension rope 2 and the weight body traction rope 10 which are taken out from them are shared.
  • the rewinding wheel 5 As the rewinding wheel 5 is fully wound from the sucker rod suspension rope (FIG. 5), it is rotated to the sucker rod suspension rope winding rewinding wheel shown in FIG.
  • the counterweight traction rope is correspondingly wound from the rewinding wheel and reaches the full-winding position of FIG. This winding idea will be described below with reference to Figures 9a-c.
  • the sucker rod suspension rope 2 and the weight body traction rope 10 are designed to wrap one of the sucker rod suspension rope or the weight body traction rope around the first hole and the corresponding one of the second holes during installation.
  • the spiral groove extending therebetween (and preferably substantially equal to or slightly longer than the length of the spiral groove), while the other of the weight body traction rope or the sucker rod suspension rope is correspondingly completely away from the spiral groove. 5 and 6, when the pumping unit is in operation, at the top dead center of the pumping stroke, at least a part of the weight body traction rope is still wound on the spiral groove (such as the weight body traction rope 10 of FIG.
  • the angle between the four first holes 5a and the four second holes 5b along the circumferential direction of the winding wheel is 110 to 145 degrees, preferably 120 degrees, and preferably 60 or less. It is designed such that during operation, the weight pulling rope 10 and the sucker rod suspension 2 do not interfere with each other and the torque relative to the winding pulley 5 is always opposite. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that even numbers of the first or second holes other than 4 are also within the scope of the invention, such as 2, 6, 8, etc.
  • the above configuration greatly improves the operational stability of the sucker rod and the weight body, and does not affect the operation of the weight body or the sucker rod in the case where one of the ropes is slack.
  • a fixed adjuster 24 in the form of a fixed pulley that protrudes inwardly is disposed in the winding wheel 5 to prevent the suspension rope in the form of a wire rope from being bent and adapted to adjust the tension of each rope, and then penetrates into the third
  • the fourth first hole (the rightmost first hole) adjacent to the first hole is fixed thereto by an adjustable holder, thereby forming four equal-length weight body pulling ropes 10.
  • the four sucker rod suspensions extending from a female rope form a connected lower end (free end), whereby two moving pulleys (see Figure 3) can be placed at the lower end of the joint to better balance the pumping
  • the suspension of the oil rod can also be arranged similarly, and a fixed adjuster in the form of a fixed pulley can be similarly arranged, for example, when the mother rope of the weight body traction rope is mounted. Furthermore, for other numbers of first and second holes, the above arrangement is equally applicable.
  • the rewinding wheel is divided into left by a transverse centerline TT perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 00 of the rewinding wheel (where the rewinding wheel portion incorporating the ring gear is not taken into account)
  • the half hole and the right half, the first hole, the second hole, and the spiral groove are symmetrical about the transverse center line, and the spiral groove has a " ⁇ /" shape on the rewinding wheel from a plan view.
  • Figure 9c is a right side view of the schematic rewinding wheel, and shows that the clockwise direction R1 is the direction in which the sucker rod suspension rope 2 is wound out and the weight body traction rope 10 is wound into the rewinding wheel 5; and the counterclockwise direction R2 is drawn The oil rod suspension rope 2 is wound around and the weight body traction rope 10 is wound out of the direction of the winder wheel 5.
  • the sucker rod suspension rope 2 and the weight body traction on the rewinding wheel transitions, for example, from the configuration shown in Figure 9a to the configuration shown in Figure 9b (where the rope is shown in thick solid lines and the spiral grooves not occupied by the rope are shown as dashed lines). It can be understood from this that when the sucker rod suspension rope 2 continuously circulates and leaves the spiral groove with the rotation of the winding wheel, the weight body traction rope 10 continuously winds into the common spiral groove.
  • the degree of penetration of the weight body traction rope 10 always lags behind the sucker rod by a certain distance.
  • the degree of circumvention of the hoisting rope 2 for example, there is an unoccupied spiral groove drawn in a broken line in the drawing.
  • the number of spiral grooves is related to the number of turns of the weight pulling rope or the sucker rod suspension rope, and the number of windings depends on the diameter of the winding wheel. And strokes.
  • the weight body traction rope 10 wound in the spiral groove on the reel type rewinding wheel 5 moves downward due to the gravity of the weight body 11; when the motor is reversed, the wheel type rewinding wheel 5 is driven counterclockwise Rotating, the weighted traction rope 10 is wound around the wheeled rewinding wheel 5 and pulls the weight body 11 upward, and then the gravity of the suspension rope 2 on the circumference of the wheel reel of the wheeled rewinding wheel 5 is on the sucker rod 1 and The resultant force of the reverse rotation of the motor 27 is downward.
  • the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the motor 27 only change the upper and lower directions of the reciprocating up and down movement of the sucker rod 1 and the weight body 11 under the action of the mutual gravitational field, and overcome the wheel circumference of the rewinding wheel 5 and the traction rope and The frictional force of the suspension rope and other factors, the smooth symmetry of the upper and lower moving directions utilizes the gravitational field potential energy generated by the self-weight falling body of the respective system, and reciprocally changes the running direction by the positive and negative electromotive force of the motor 27 and utilizes the natural gravitational force and machinery.
  • the symmetry of the counterweight makes full use of the mutual conversion between potential energy and kinetic energy in the design of mechanical transmission invention.
  • the digital control technology of the motor completes the precision control of the punching and stroke of the pumping unit by the numerical control technology.
  • Torque-following control of load (load) demand between torque and maximum torque.
  • the balance torque is the working condition during normal operation.
  • the maximum torque occurs in the working condition of unloading and loading work during workover, and the maximum torque output by the motor following control when the sandbox is overcome.
  • This torque is 2.5 times the torque of the counterweight 11 on one side. At this time, the downward gravity of the weight body 11 is not counted.
  • a wire rope is used as the fixed guide rope 11, (see Fig. 2), two pairs of upper and lower horizontal pulleys are suspended on the surface of the rope body, and the function is to cooperate with the upward and downward "track" of the weight body 11, The up and down positions of the weight body 11 are too high, and are controlled by the upper and lower stroke limit switches and the alarm is stopped.
  • the counterweight running traction system (see Figure 1) and the sucker rod running traction system (see Figure 2) are in their own dynamic equilibrium.
  • the inner two ends are respectively provided with a set of planar scroll springs 13 (see Fig. 4), and only one set of planes is at the highest or lowest point of the stroke of the pumping unit.
  • the scroll spring 13 is in an energy storage state, and the spring has an extended length greater than the stroke of the sucker rod.
  • the two sets of planar scroll springs are reversibly mounted in the rewinding drum body, see Fig. 11a.
  • one set of springs stores energy, and the other set of springs releases energy, thereby generating action and reaction force. Torque, greatly improving the commutation impact.
  • the arrangement of the planar scroll spring helps the auxiliary motor 27 to smoothly commutate, and the mechanical and electronic control match the flexible follow. The electric loss and the machine loss (coupling) generated by the frequent commutation of the motor 27 are further reduced, and the motor 27, the electronic control components, and the durability of the mechanical components are improved.
  • the plane vortex spring can be installed, for example, by installing a spring at an optional end of the rewinding wheel (the crown wheel) and rotating the rewinding wheel to be in the maximum energy storage state, and rotating the number of turns of the sky wheel and the calculated length of the circumference.
  • the length required for the stroke is greater than the length of the stroke.
  • the other end of the plane vortex spring is fixed to the inside of the crown wheel by a fixing pin. When the fixing pin is installed, the crown wheel cannot be rotated, and then another plane vortex spring is installed at the other end in the released state. After the above work is completed, the day wheel is released.
  • the guide wheel 4 is mounted on the guide wheel bracket 20 by a guide wheel bearing 21 and by which the latter can be pivotally mounted upwardly relative to the platform 8 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the platform 8.
  • the guide wheel 4 is driven to pivot upward relative to the platform 8 by rotating the rewinding wheel 5.
  • a hanging ring is arranged on the cylinders of the guide wheel bracket 20 and the rewinding wheel 5.
  • This configuration causes the rewinding wheel 5 to be rotated by the motor 27, thereby pulling the guide wheel bracket 20 upward by the lanyard, thereby enabling the guide wheel 5 to be pulled up, thereby conveniently allowing the workover space without manual Dismantling the guide wheel or moving the whole machine greatly saves the cost and time of workover.
  • a guide wheel adjustment positioning dome bolt 22 is further disposed at one end of the platform 8 near the sucker rod, where the positioning dome bolts 22 are respectively mounted on the platform 8. On both sides, it cooperates with the notches or grooves on both sides of the guide wheel bracket 20 to fix the guide wheel 4 in position, and can prevent the guide wheel bracket 20 from being displaced to the left and right, thereby enhancing structural stability.
  • the height of the domed bolt can be adjusted to adjust the elevation angle of the guide wheel 4 relative to the platform 8. Arranging the guide wheels 4 at an elevation angle relative to the platform 8 enables the guide wheels to more easily pivot upward.
  • the elevation angle is, for example, 6 to 12 degrees, preferably 8 to 10 degrees, more preferably 9 degrees. Further, by adjusting the magnitude of the elevation angle, the relative position of the guide wheel and the wellhead can be adjusted.
  • the motor 27 according to the present invention is connected to the rewinding wheel 5 through the speed reducer 106 and drives the rewinding wheel.
  • one end of the inside of the cylinder of the rewinding wheel is embedded with an internal ring gear 7 which meshes with the output shaft 18 of the multi-stage reducer 106 having the first transmission ratio to form The second gear ratio of the ring gear and the gear shaft.
  • This design improves the mechanical mechanism and working environment of the gear transmission, making the conventional system not only compact, but also greatly reduced in cost compared with the conventional internal gear transmission.
  • the number of meshing teeth of the internal tooth drive is increased, the mechanical torque transmission is increased and the wear between the teeth is reduced, and the service life of the gear shaft and the ring gear is prolonged.
  • the input end of the multi-stage reducer 106 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 27 through the coupling 28, and is de-energized on the side (i.e., the outer side) of the multi-stage reducer 106 away from the coupling 28.
  • Brake disc 26 ie, brake
  • the multi-stage reducer 106 is fixedly placed on the vertical frame frame platform, and the motor 27 is fixed on the motor bracket on the platform to be horizontally docked with the multi-stage reducer coupling.
  • the motor is directly coupled to the rewind wheel.
  • the rewinding wheel is also provided with the end ring gear 7 described above, but with the difference that the motor is coupled to the ring gear 7 of the rewinding wheel 5 via the shifting mechanism 106.
  • the pumping unit of the present invention is a wheeled pumping unit, wherein the rewinding wheel 5 is rotatable about a rewinding axle 19 extending along the longitudinal axis of the rewinding wheel, the shifting mechanism 6 including a sun gear 6a, surrounding Four planetary gears 6b of the sun gear 6a arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction and a planet carrier 6c fixedly mounted on the rewinding axle 19, wherein the output of the motor 27 is connected to the sun gear 6a to drive the sun gear to rotate, the sun gear 6a and Each of the planet gears 6b engages to drive the planetary gears 6b to rotate, and the planetary gears mesh with the ring gears 7 to drive the rewinding wheels 5 to rotate, as shown in Figures 15a-15c. It
  • the motor 27 is a permanent magnet synchronous traction machine 27, the output of which is coupled to the rewinding wheel 5 via a shifting mechanism 6 to drive the rewinding wheel rotation.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine itself There is an electromagnetic brake 6e, so there is no need to provide an additional electromagnetic brake mechanism.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine of the present invention may be, for example, a WYJ2-3.00/800 gearless three-phase AC traction machine available from Boma Traction Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. located in Xuchang City.
  • suitable permanent magnet synchronous traction machines can also be selected according to specific needs.
  • Permanent magnet synchronous traction machine through direct transmission mechanism including sun gear, planetary gears and planet carrier Coupling to the rewinding wheel eliminates the traditional gearbox and its drive shaft, simplifies the transmission mechanism, realizes the transmission with gearless drive shaft, and makes the transmission system of the pumping unit compact, and because of the inner ring gear The parts are evenly stressed, so the transmission is smooth and the wear is small. Compared with the existing reducer with cylindrical gear reduction, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved and the energy output loss is minimized.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous traction machine is fixed on the motor bracket located on the platform, and the output end thereof is mated with the inner ring gear of the rewinding wheel 5 through the planetary gear 6b. This transmission system is especially suitable for long stroke low stroke pumping units.
  • a planar scroll spring 13 is shown in the rewinding wheel 5 similarly to Fig. 4, but Fig. 18 also shows that a planetary gear transmission type shifting mechanism is coupled to the rewinding wheel 5.
  • Figure 16 shows another embodiment similar to Figures 13-15c, with one difference in that, in order to further reinforce the strength of the vertical tubular main frame, the opposite of the sucker rod 1 of the vertical tubular main frame 9
  • the side is provided with a reinforcing structure, and a control rejection chamber is formed, and the control for rejecting the motor 12 is arranged in the chamber, which is also an indoor working condition, and improves the field environment of the existing control rejection, and strengthens the anti-theft and Safety.
  • the control panel 114 of the control panel is placed in a head-up position outside the door, so that operation control can be performed without entering the chamber.
  • the pumping unit is provided with a wind power generation system including a wind turbine generator 123, a fan controller 125 and a battery pack 116 which are sequentially connected, and the battery Group 116 is coupled via inverter 126 to a pumping control control system for controlling the rotation of motor 27, as shown in FIG.
  • the wind turbine 123 is arranged on the platform 8 at the top of the main frame, and the blade diameter of the wind wheel 124 of the wind turbine 123 depends not only on the desired output power, but also on the wind wheel 124. The operation will not interfere with the normal operation of the pumping unit.
  • a fan horizontal rotation limiting mechanism 118 is further provided for controlling the rotation range of the wind power generator 123 to further prevent the blades of the wind wheel 124 from interfering with the operation of the pumping unit.
  • the battery pack 116 is disposed in the weight body 11 and passes through the cable 115. Connecting the motor not only saves space, but also acts as a counterweight.
  • the pumping unit may be provided with a photovoltaic power generation system including a photovoltaic module 117 connected to the battery pack 116, the photovoltaic module 117 and the battery pack 116.
  • a photovoltaic controller 29 is provided between them.
  • the power curve of the wind power generator is related to the strength of the wind farm wind power
  • the following means are adopted, that is, excess power under strong wind conditions is used for charging, and in the wind farm Under the natural conditions that wind energy is greater than light energy, the energy obtained by the photovoltaic power generation system can be used only for charging.
  • the battery pack 16 functions as a peak shifting.
  • it is also considered to input the meteorological data of the area into the pumping unit control management system 31, and randomly distribute the favorable energy.
  • the present invention also provides a control system for the above pumping unit, the system structure mainly has an oil pumping driving device for driving the upward and downward movements of the sucker rod; the pumping unit control device is used for The pumping drive is controlled.
  • the system may for example be a pumping unit control management system as described above, or other suitable control system.
  • FIG. 10a-12 A control method for controlling the pumping unit and its effects according to the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs. 10a-12.
  • the comprehensive numerical control of the pumping unit control system aims to achieve fine and accurate real-time control of the actual working conditions of the pumping unit in the production, namely, the punching, stroke and reversing, and the best comprehensive efficiency can be obtained. effect.
  • Figure 12 is the control curve of the up and down running speeds VI and V2 of the stroke D of the sucker rod, where CI and C3 are the acceleration sections; El and E2 are the constant speed sections; C2 and C4 are the deceleration sections; Z is the integration time (also See Figure l ib ); D for stroke and T/m for one stroke.
  • the speed adjustment of VI and V2 is actually to control the output frequency and S-characteristic control of the positive and negative speeds of the motor.
  • the motor 27 is positively and reversing to the upper and lower running cycle (T/m) of the sucker rod, and the number of times of the operating cycle per minute per minute is called the number of times. It can be realized by controlling the number of positive and negative reversal of the motor 27 every minute. It is mainly for the forward and reverse speed control of the motor 27 every minute.
  • the positive and reverse rotation speeds determine the speed of the control stroke and the sucker rod 1 up and down,
  • control system provides control of commutation flexibility.
  • the motor 27 is required to control the motor 27 to have an integration time Z of 0.1 s in the forward and reverse directions of the replacement, so as to provide resistance to the commutation of the motor, so that the multi-pole reducer 106 (first transmission ratio) has multiple groups.
  • Gear and rewind wheel inner cog The ring (the second transmission ratio) is flexibly meshed between the positive and negative teeth to prevent the gear from being positively and reversely replaced in the long-term continuous operation during the hard connection process, the toothing phenomenon is caused by the overshoot, and the control device changes the motor 27 To the flexible control function.
  • the mechanical planar scroll spring device has a practical effect in the reversing action, reaction force and energy storage characteristics, and smooth cushioning characteristics.
  • Figure 10a shows the relationship between the pressure P of the positive and negative switching movements of the motor output shaft and the time T under the condition that the induction motor is uncontrolled, and shows the change of the moment of inertia of the motor commutation area ⁇ Fig. 10b
  • the relationship between the pressure of the forward and reverse switching movements of the rewinding wheel and time which shows the change of the moment of inertia of the rewinding zone M 2 ;
  • Figure 11a is the physical characteristic curve of a pair of planar scroll springs inside the rewinding drum body, in which the positive and negative forces are simultaneously generated, as shown in the figure when a plane scroll spring is in the energy storage In the state, the other planar scroll spring is in the energy release state Qo, and vice versa, which may also be referred to as mechanical damping.
  • Figure l ib is the relationship between the speed and time when the induction motor and the permanent magnet synchronous motor are controlled to output the positive/negative switching of the output shaft.
  • the integral time Z between the commutations is shown, which can be regarded as the resistance.
  • High power saving rate The structure of the pumping unit of the invention transforms the circular motion of the original conventional beam pumping unit into a straight line, so that the mechanical transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the power saving rate is between 50 and 70%. This is achieved, for example, by providing a rewind wheel with a small axial dimension, an improved shifting mechanism, and full use of clean energy.
  • the axial size of the rewinding wheel is significantly reduced, so that while reducing energy consumption, it can provide a good torque balance, and can also be well applied to the existing narrower Counterweight.
  • the final effect basically eliminates the loss of the motor generated by the external action itself, and thus the power feedback device can be set to re-feed the force generated by, for example, friction during commutation. To the grid.
  • Optimized oil recovery requires the effect of automatic intermittent pumping.
  • the interval between intermittent pumping can be arbitrarily set and automatically completed by the control management system. This can greatly reduce the cost of doing a variety of useless work, reduce the number of pump wear, increase the life of the original pump body, and achieve power saving.
  • the upper and lower speeds of the oil rod can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the upward speed is fast.
  • the slow down speed is that the speed of the liquid output is increased upward, and the slow down time makes the oil filling time of the oil pump chamber longer. Improve pump efficiency again.
  • the system of the present invention can, for example, adopt an industrial-grade GSM Chinese (English) short message unit, and monitor the time form, that is, report, patrol, check and report monitoring pause content, stroke, stroke, temperature rise, current, voltage, watt-hour meter Degrees, dynamometers, P values, S values, etc.
  • GSM Chinese English
  • control system of the present invention for example, also provides various ways of connecting the motor to the rewind wheel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une machine de pompage de pétrole, qui est caractérisée en ce qu'elle se compose d'une poulie secondaire (5) de type roue-cylindre entraînée par un moteur électrique. La poulie secondaire comporte un premier trou (5a) pour extraire un câble de traction de corps de masse d'équilibrage (10) et un second trou (5b) pour extraire un câble de suspension de tige de pompage de pétrole (2), respectivement agencés dans une partie de moitié gauche et une partie de moitié droite de la poulie secondaire, et la poulie secondaire comprend également de multiples tours d'une goujure en spirale (29) dans des directions de rotation opposées respectivement sur les parties gauche et droite. Le premier trou (5a) et le second trou (5b) sont espacés l'un de l'autre à l'intérieur de la goujure en spirale correspondante de manière telle qu'au moins une partie de la goujure en spirale soit partagée par le câble de suspension de tige de pompage de pétrole (2) et le câble de traction de corps de masse d'équilibrage (10) durant le fonctionnement, et le câble de suspension de tige de pompage de pétrole (2) et le câble de traction de corps de masse d'équilibrage (10) s'enroulent dans des directions opposées, et s'enroulent dans ou hors d'au moins une partie de la goujure en spirale sans se gêner l'un l'autre.
PCT/CN2011/002061 2011-01-21 2011-12-09 Machine de pompage de pétrole WO2012097493A1 (fr)

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CN201110024440.7A CN102606112B (zh) 2011-01-21 2011-01-21 一种抽油机
CN201110024440.7 2011-01-21
CN2011202926800U CN202181881U (zh) 2011-08-12 2011-08-12 抽油机
CN201120292680.0 2011-08-12

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CN117283297A (zh) * 2023-11-24 2023-12-26 新疆坤隆石油装备有限公司 管式抽油泵及其组件总成的组合装配线

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US10400761B2 (en) * 2015-01-29 2019-09-03 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Long stroke pumping unit
US10113544B2 (en) * 2015-02-23 2018-10-30 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Long-stroke pumping unit
CN105114041A (zh) * 2015-09-22 2015-12-02 浙江西传电气科技有限公司 一种游梁式智能曳引抽油机
CN107023276A (zh) * 2016-02-02 2017-08-08 付尤东 现代组合传动抽油机
CN206246095U (zh) * 2016-12-14 2017-06-13 大庆丹诺石油科技开发有限公司 一种采用电机减速机组驱动的无游梁抽油机置
CN108894974A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-11-27 四川杰特机器有限公司 一种增压泵传动装置和对称式脉冲往复增压泵
CN112012696A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种抽油机调平衡用组合式摇把
CN110469805B (zh) * 2019-08-20 2021-05-07 温州市绿意卫浴五金有限公司 一种防风吊灯
CN111101904A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-05-05 胡勇 绞车式无游梁抽油机双机双井互动平衡装置
CN114263458B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2023-04-07 西安健尚智能科技有限公司 一种油井工况全感知智能诊断自动处理的方法和系统
CN116927724B (zh) * 2023-08-15 2024-01-30 大庆石油管理局有限公司 一种滚筒缠绕式智能塔架式抽油机

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