WO2012096156A1 - Procédé de codage d'image, procédé de décodage d'image, dispositif de codage d'image et dispositif de décodage d'image - Google Patents

Procédé de codage d'image, procédé de décodage d'image, dispositif de codage d'image et dispositif de décodage d'image Download PDF

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WO2012096156A1
WO2012096156A1 PCT/JP2012/000095 JP2012000095W WO2012096156A1 WO 2012096156 A1 WO2012096156 A1 WO 2012096156A1 JP 2012000095 W JP2012000095 W JP 2012000095W WO 2012096156 A1 WO2012096156 A1 WO 2012096156A1
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quantization matrix
decoding
unit
encoding
quantization
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PCT/JP2012/000095
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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寿郎 笹井
西　孝啓
陽司 柴原
敏康 杉尾
チョンスン リム
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パナソニック株式会社
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124—Quantisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/112—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode according to a given display mode, e.g. for interlaced or progressive display mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image encoding method, an image decoding method, an image encoding device, and an image decoding device, and in particular, an image encoding method, an image decoding method, and an image code that perform quantization or inverse quantization using a quantization matrix.
  • the present invention relates to an encoding device and an image decoding device.
  • a conventional image coding system represented by the ITU-T standard called 26x and the ISO / IEC standard called MPEG-x
  • the picture to be coded is divided into predetermined units. Encoding is performed in the division unit.
  • H.M. In the H.264 / MPEG-4 AVC standard (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1), an encoding target picture is encoded in units of 16 horizontal pixels and 16 vertical pixels called macroblocks.
  • the encoding target picture is encoded by performing frequency conversion, quantization, and entropy encoding for each macroblock.
  • the coefficient values (pixel values) of the quantized macroblock are coded in a predetermined scan order.
  • subjective image quality is improved by changing a quantization step (quantization width) between a high frequency component and a low frequency component using a quantization matrix.
  • an encoding target block to be quantized is quantized using appropriate quantization control parameters according to various conditions such as a transform size and a prediction method.
  • the quantization matrix is switched in accordance with the transform size, the prediction method, and the like, but it is required to select a more appropriate quantization control parameter for the encoding target block.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and is an image encoding method, an image decoding method, and an image that can prevent deterioration in image quality and sufficiently improve encoding efficiency.
  • An object is to provide an encoding device and an image decoding device.
  • an image encoding method is an image encoding method for encoding image data, in which an encoding target block included in the image data is progressively scanned.
  • the first quantization matrix is used in the case of data
  • the second quantization matrix different from the first quantization matrix is used in the case where the encoding target block is field scanned image data.
  • the target block is quantized and the quantized encoding target block is encoded to generate an encoded stream, and at least one of the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix is converted into the encoded stream. insert.
  • the quantization matrix to be used is switched depending on whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data, so that an appropriate quantization matrix is changed to the encoding target block. It can be used for quantization.
  • an appropriate quantization matrix can be used since two types of quantization matrices, ie, a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix are managed, an appropriate quantization matrix can be used. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration in image quality and sufficiently improve the encoding efficiency.
  • the flag is also used as at least one process other than the quantization, and whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data. May be inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix may be inserted.
  • the encoded stream can be correctly decoded on the decoding side.
  • the first quantization matrix is further corrected, a difference between the corrected first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix is calculated, and the calculated difference is inserted into the encoded stream. May be.
  • the encoding efficiency can be improved. This is because the amount of code required to encode the difference is less than the amount of code required to encode the second quantization matrix as it is.
  • a part of the matrix obtained by doubling the first quantization matrix in the vertical direction may be generated as the corrected first quantization matrix.
  • a corrected matrix similar to the second quantization matrix for field scan can be easily generated from the first quantization matrix for progressive, and the difference can be reduced. Can be improved.
  • the encoding target block is obtained by using a matrix obtained by correcting the first quantization matrix as the second quantization matrix. May be quantized.
  • An image decoding method is an image decoding method for decoding an encoded stream, the first quantization matrix being different from the first quantization matrix and the first quantization matrix.
  • the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data
  • the decoding target block is inversely quantized using the second quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix to be used is switched depending on whether the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data, so that an appropriate quantization matrix is quantized to the decoding target block.
  • an appropriate quantization matrix can be used. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration in image quality and sufficiently improve the encoding efficiency.
  • the flag is also used as at least one process other than the inverse quantization, and whether the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data. May be extracted from the encoded stream.
  • a flag used for other processing can be used even if a dedicated flag is not inserted into the encoded stream, thereby improving encoding efficiency. be able to.
  • the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix may be extracted from the encoded stream.
  • the encoded stream can be correctly decoded.
  • a difference for restoring the second quantization matrix is further extracted from the encoded stream, the first quantization matrix is corrected, and the corrected first quantization matrix and the corrected The second quantization matrix may be restored by adding the difference.
  • the second quantization matrix can be restored using the difference and the first quantization matrix, and the encoded stream can be correctly encoded. Can be restored.
  • a part of the matrix obtained by doubling the first quantization matrix in the vertical direction may be generated as the corrected first quantization matrix.
  • a corrected matrix similar to the second quantization matrix for field scan can be easily generated from the first quantization matrix for progressive, and the difference can be reduced. Can be improved.
  • the decoding target block is field-scanned image data
  • a matrix obtained by correcting the first quantization matrix is used as the second quantization matrix, and the decoding target block is Inverse quantization may be performed.
  • the encoded stream can be correctly decoded.
  • the present invention can be realized not only as an image encoding method and an image decoding method, but also as an apparatus including a processing unit that performs steps included in the image encoding method and the image decoding method. Moreover, you may implement
  • a communication network such as the Internet.
  • a part or all of the processing units that perform the steps included in each of the image encoding methods and image decoding methods described above may be configured by one system LSI (Large Scale Integration).
  • the system LSI is an ultra-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating a plurality of components on a single chip, and specifically includes a microprocessor, ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.
  • Computer system is an ultra-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating a plurality of components on a single chip, and specifically includes a microprocessor, ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of an image encoding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the coding control unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the quantization matrix according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an encoded stream according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of encoding of a field scan quantization matrix according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the image coding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of an image encoding device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix coding according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of calculation of a difference matrix according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the decoding control unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example of restoration of a quantization matrix for field scan according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the image decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix decoding according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of restoration of a quantization matrix for field scan according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of inverse quantization according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of an encoding control unit according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an encoded stream according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix coding according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a decoding control unit according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of quantization matrix decoding according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a multi-layer block structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is an overall configuration diagram of a content supply system that implements a content distribution service.
  • FIG. 24 is an overall configuration diagram of a digital broadcasting system.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a television.
  • FIG. 25 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a television.
  • FIG. 26 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an information reproducing / recording unit that reads and writes information from and on a recording medium that is an optical disk.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a structure example of a recording medium that is an optical disk.
  • FIG. 28A shows an example of a mobile phone.
  • FIG. 28B is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a mobile phone.
  • FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a structure of multiplexed data.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram schematically showing how each stream is multiplexed in the multiplexed data.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram showing in more detail how the video stream is stored in the PES packet sequence.
  • FIG. 32 is a diagram showing the structure of TS packets and source packets in multiplexed data.
  • FIG. 33 shows the data structure of the PMT.
  • FIG. 34 shows the internal structure of multiplexed data information.
  • FIG. 35 shows the internal structure of stream attribute information.
  • FIG. 36 is a diagram showing steps for identifying video data.
  • FIG. 37 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an integrated circuit that realizes the moving picture coding method and the moving picture decoding method according to each embodiment.
  • FIG. 38 is a diagram showing a configuration for switching the drive frequency.
  • FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating steps for identifying video data and switching between driving frequencies.
  • FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating an example of a look-up table in which video data standards are associated with drive frequencies.
  • FIG. 41A is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration for sharing a module of the signal processing unit.
  • FIG. 41B is a diagram illustrating another example of a configuration for sharing a module of the signal processing unit.
  • the first quantization matrix is used when the encoding target block included in the image data is image data subjected to progressive scanning, and the encoding target block is subjected to field scanning.
  • the encoding target block is quantized using the second quantization matrix.
  • an encoded stream is generated by encoding the quantized block to be encoded, and at least one of the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix is inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the first quantization matrix is corrected, a difference (difference matrix) between the corrected matrix and the second quantization matrix is calculated, and the first quantization matrix and the difference matrix are calculated. Is inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the image decoding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is quantized by extracting at least one of the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix from the encoded stream and decoding the encoded stream.
  • the decoding target block including the obtained coefficient is acquired.
  • the first quantization matrix is used, and when the decoding target block is field scanned image data, the second quantization matrix is used.
  • a difference matrix for restoring the second quantization matrix is extracted from the encoded stream, the first quantization matrix is corrected, the corrected quantization matrix and the difference matrix are Is added to restore the second quantization matrix.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an image coding apparatus 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the image encoding apparatus 1000 includes an encoding processing unit 1100 and an encoding control unit 1200.
  • the encoding processing unit 1100 generates an encoded stream by encoding a moving image for each block.
  • Such an encoding processing unit 1100 includes a subtractor 1101, an orthogonal transform unit 1102, a quantization unit 1103, an entropy encoding unit 1104, an inverse quantization unit 1105, an inverse orthogonal transform unit 1106, and an adder. 1107, a deblocking filter 1108, a memory 1109, an in-plane prediction unit 1110, a motion compensation unit 1111, a motion detection unit 1112, and a switch 1113.
  • the subtractor 1101 acquires a moving image and acquires a predicted image from the switch 1113. Then, the subtracter 1101 generates a difference image by subtracting the predicted image from the encoding target block included in the moving image.
  • the orthogonal transform unit 1102 performs orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform on the difference image generated by the subtractor 1101, thereby transforming the difference image into a coefficient block including a plurality of frequency coefficients.
  • the quantization unit 1103 generates a quantized coefficient block by quantizing each frequency coefficient included in the coefficient block.
  • the entropy encoding unit 1104 generates an encoded stream by entropy encoding (variable length encoding) the coefficient block quantized by the quantization unit 1103 and the motion vector detected by the motion detection unit 1112. .
  • the inverse quantization unit 1105 performs inverse quantization on the coefficient block quantized by the quantization unit 1103.
  • the inverse orthogonal transform unit 1106 generates a decoded difference image by performing inverse orthogonal transform such as inverse discrete cosine transform on each frequency coefficient included in the inverse quantized coefficient block.
  • the adder 1107 acquires a predicted image from the switch 1113, and generates a local decoded image by adding the predicted image and the decoded difference image generated by the inverse orthogonal transform unit 1106.
  • the deblocking filter 1108 removes block distortion of the local decoded image generated by the adder 1107 and stores the local decoded image in the memory 1109.
  • a memory 1109 is a memory for storing a locally decoded image as a reference image in motion compensation.
  • the in-plane prediction unit 1110 generates a prediction image (intra prediction image) by performing in-plane prediction on the current block using the local decoded image generated by the adder 1107.
  • the motion detection unit 1112 detects a motion vector for the encoding target block included in the moving image, and outputs the detected motion vector to the motion compensation unit 1111 and the entropy encoding unit 1104.
  • the motion compensation unit 1111 refers to the image stored in the memory 1109 as a reference image, and performs motion compensation on the coding target block by using the motion vector detected by the motion detection unit 1112.
  • the motion compensation unit 1111 performs such motion compensation to generate a prediction image (inter prediction image) of the encoding target block.
  • the switch 1113 outputs the prediction image (intra prediction image) generated by the intra prediction unit 1110 to the subtractor 1101 and the adder 1107 when the encoding target block is subjected to intra prediction encoding.
  • the switch 1113 outputs the prediction image (inter prediction image) generated by the motion compensation unit 1111 to the subtractor 1101 and the adder 1107 when the encoding target block is subjected to inter-frame prediction encoding.
  • the encoding control unit 1200 controls the encoding processing unit 1100. For example, the encoding control unit 1200 determines a quantization control parameter used by the quantization unit 1103. Also, the encoding control unit 1200 determines whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data. A specific configuration of the encoding control unit 1200 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the encoding control unit 1200 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the encoding control unit 1200 includes a determination unit 110, a memory 120, a quantization matrix encoding unit 130, a quantization matrix correction unit 140, and a difference calculation unit 150.
  • the determination unit 110 determines the scan method of the encoding target block. That is, the determination unit 110 determines whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data (progressive image) or field-scanned image data (interlaced image).
  • moving image data input to the image encoding apparatus 1000 includes scan method information indicating whether the moving image data is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data.
  • the determination unit 110 determines the scan method of the encoding target block by acquiring the scan method information from the moving image data.
  • the determination unit 110 may determine a scan method for the encoding target block based on an instruction from a user or the like.
  • progressive scan is a scan method for encoding one input image (one screen) as one frame, and is also referred to as frame encoding.
  • Field scan is a scan method in which one input image (one screen) is encoded by being divided into a top field including only odd lines and a bottom field including only even lines. Describe.
  • the memory 120 is a memory for storing at least one quantization matrix.
  • the memory 120 stores a first quantization matrix for progressively scanned image data and a second quantization matrix for field scanned image data.
  • the memory 120 may store a plurality of first quantization matrices different from each other as a quantization matrix for progressively scanned image data. Similarly, the memory 120 may store a plurality of second quantization matrices different from each other as a quantization matrix for field-scanned image data.
  • the memory 120 outputs the quantization matrix to the quantization unit 1103 based on the determination result by the determination unit 110. Specifically, the memory 120 outputs a first quantization matrix to the quantization unit 1103 when the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data. Further, the memory 120 outputs the second quantization matrix to the quantization unit 1103 when the encoding target block is field-scanned image data.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 is an example of an insertion unit, and inserts a progressive quantization matrix into the encoded stream generated by the entropy encoding unit 1104. Also, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts the difference (difference matrix) calculated by the difference calculation unit 150 into the encoded stream. As will be described later, the difference matrix is a difference between a matrix obtained by correcting a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix is multiplied by N in the vertical direction, for example, by multiplying the coefficients included in the m-row ⁇ n-column quantization matrix by N in the vertical direction, so that (m ⁇ N) rows ⁇ n columns.
  • a matrix is generated and a part of the generated matrix is extracted.
  • the extracted matrix is a corrected quantization matrix.
  • the corrected quantization matrix is an upper m row ⁇ n column matrix among the above (m ⁇ N) row ⁇ n column matrix.
  • the difference calculation unit 150 calculates a difference (difference matrix) between the corrected matrix generated by the quantization matrix correction unit 140 and the field scan quantization matrix stored in the memory 120.
  • the difference matrix is output to the quantization matrix encoding unit 130, and is inserted into the encoded stream by the quantization matrix encoding unit 130.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the quantization matrix according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the encoding control unit 1200 manages at least two types of quantization matrices, ie, a progressive first quantization matrix and a field scan second quantization matrix. That is, the memory 120 stores two types of quantization matrices for progressive and field scan. Therefore, the quantization unit 1103 quantizes the encoding target block using a quantization matrix selected according to the encoding target block from at least two types of quantization matrices.
  • the coefficient value is determined so that the coefficient value increases from the low-frequency component at the upper left to the high-frequency component at the lower right.
  • the coefficients of the progressive quantization matrix are preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the diagonal line connecting the upper left to the lower right.
  • the upper right coefficient from the diagonal line connecting the upper left to the lower right of the quantization matrix is equal to the lower left coefficient in line symmetry with the upper right coefficient about the diagonal line connecting the upper left to the lower right.
  • the upper right coefficient and the lower left coefficient are not necessarily equal.
  • the coefficient value is determined so that the coefficient value increases from the low frequency component at the upper left to the high frequency component at the lower right.
  • the coefficients of the quantization matrix for field scan are not arranged in line symmetry.
  • the coefficients of the quantization matrix for field scan have a correlation in the vertical direction.
  • a quantization matrix for field scan includes a portion where coefficients having the same value are adjacent in the vertical direction (“6”, “13”, etc. in FIG. 3).
  • the field scan quantization matrix may be the same or similar to a part of a matrix obtained by multiplying the progressive quantization matrix N times in the vertical direction.
  • an 8 ⁇ 4 matrix is generated by doubling a progressive 4 ⁇ 4 quantization matrix in the vertical direction.
  • the upper half 4 ⁇ 4 matrix of this 8 ⁇ 4 matrix can be used as a quantization matrix for field scanning.
  • the first quantization matrix dedicated to the quantization of the progressively scanned image data and the quantization of the field scanned image data are dedicated.
  • the second quantization matrix is managed.
  • the field-scanned image data is data that includes only odd-numbered or even-numbered rows of image data, and contains more high-frequency components in the vertical direction than image data that has been progressively scanned. Accordingly, the coefficient value of the high frequency component in the vertical direction of the second quantization matrix for field scan is made smaller than that of the first quantization matrix for progressive so that the high frequency component in the vertical direction is not lost by quantization. Can be.
  • a quantization matrix corresponding to the scan method such as a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix
  • an appropriate quantization according to the scan method of the encoding target block The matrix can be used for quantization.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a 4 ⁇ 4 quantization matrix
  • the example of the quantization matrix is not limited to this.
  • the encoding control unit 1200 may manage a quantization matrix such as 8 ⁇ 8, 16 ⁇ 16, and 32 ⁇ 32. Further, the encoding control unit 1200 may manage a quantization matrix used when the encoding target block is a luminance block and a quantization matrix used when the encoding target block is a color difference block. Also, the encoding control unit 1200 may manage a quantization matrix used when the encoding target block is an intra-predicted block and a quantization matrix used when the encoding target block is an inter-predicted block.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an encoded stream according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the image encoding apparatus 1000 generates an encoded stream by encoding a moving image.
  • the encoded stream includes header portions such as SPS (Sequence Parameter Set) and PPS (Picture Parameter Set), and picture data that is encoded image data.
  • SPS Sequence Parameter Set
  • PPS Picture Parameter Set
  • the picture data further includes a slice header (SH) and slice data.
  • the slice data includes encoded image data included in the slice.
  • a slice is an example of a processing unit when a picture is encoded, and corresponds to a plurality of areas into which a picture is divided. Note that the slice can be further divided into smaller processing units such as macroblocks.
  • the header part includes control information used when decoding picture data. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the SPS includes a scan method determination flag. That is, the encoding control unit 1200 inserts a scan method determination flag into the encoded stream.
  • the scan method determination flag is a flag indicating whether the target data is progressive scanned image data or field scanned image data.
  • the scan method determination flag is a flag that is used in combination with quantization of the encoding target block and at least one process other than quantization.
  • the scan method determination flag is used for processing such as determination of a quantization matrix, determination of a scan method at the time of coefficient encoding, determination of a prediction mode, and determination of a deblocking filter and a denoising filter.
  • the scan method determination flag includes, for example, frame_mbs_only_flag.
  • the frame_mbs_only_flag is a flag indicating that the corresponding picture includes only the macroblock of the frame, that is, only the progressively scanned image data.
  • the scan method determination flag may further include mb_adaptive_frame_field_flag.
  • the mb_adaptive_frame_field_flag is a flag indicating whether switching between field scan and progressive scan is possible in units of blocks.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example in which the SPS includes a scan method determination flag
  • the PPS may include a scan method determination flag
  • the slice header (SH) may include a scan method determination flag.
  • the slice header includes field_pic_flag as a scan method determination flag.
  • the field_pic_flag is a flag indicating whether the entire slice is field-encoded (field scan) or frame-encoded (progressive scan).
  • a scan method determination flag may be included in the header of the macroblock data included in the slice data.
  • the header of the macroblock data includes mb_field_decoding_flag as a scan method determination flag.
  • mb_field_decoding_flag is a flag indicating whether the block is a progressive scan or a field scan.
  • the SPS includes a progressive quantization matrix and a difference matrix.
  • the difference matrix is a difference between a matrix obtained by correcting a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix for field scanning can be restored by using the progressive quantization matrix and the difference matrix.
  • the difference matrix can be encoded with a smaller amount of code than the field scan quantization matrix, the encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example in which the SPS includes a progressive quantization matrix and a difference matrix
  • the PPS may include a progressive quantization matrix and a difference matrix.
  • the SPS may include a progressive quantization matrix
  • the PPS may include a difference matrix.
  • the slice header or the header of the macro block may include a quantization matrix.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of encoding of a quantization matrix for field scan according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 140 corrects the progressive quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 140 doubles the progressive quantization matrix in the vertical direction. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the quantization matrix correction unit 140 generates an 8 ⁇ 4 matrix by doubling a 4 ⁇ 4 progressive quantization matrix in the vertical direction. The upper half 4 ⁇ 4 matrix is generated as a corrected quantization matrix. The quantization matrix correction unit 140 doubles the 2 ⁇ 4 matrix in the upper half of the 4 ⁇ 4 progressive quantization matrix in the vertical direction to obtain the 4 ⁇ 4 corrected quantization matrix. It may be generated.
  • the difference calculation unit 150 generates a difference matrix by calculating a difference between the corrected quantization matrix and the field scan quantization matrix, as shown in FIG.
  • the generated difference matrix has more zero coefficients and smaller coefficient values for non-zero coefficients than the quantization matrix for field scan. Therefore, it is possible to improve the encoding efficiency when the difference matrix is inserted into the encoded stream as compared with the case where the field scan quantization matrix is directly inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 140 corrects the progressive quantization matrix, but may correct the field scan quantization matrix. Then, the difference calculation unit 150 may calculate a difference (difference matrix) between the corrected quantization matrix and the progressive quantization matrix. Further, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts the field scan quantization matrix and the difference matrix into the encoded stream. Even in this case, encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • the difference calculation unit 150 may calculate the difference between the progressive quantization matrix and the field scan quantization matrix.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the image coding apparatus 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the quantization unit 1103 quantizes the encoding target block using the quantization matrix (S110). Specifically, the orthogonal transform unit 1102 generates transform coefficients by orthogonally transforming the encoding target block, and the quantization unit 1103 quantizes the generated transform coefficients using a quantization matrix. Specific processing of quantization will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the encoding target block to be quantized is a difference image between the encoding target block included in the input moving image and the predicted image.
  • the encoding target block to be quantized may be the encoding target block itself included in the input moving image. That is, prediction coding may not be performed in the image coding apparatus 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the entropy encoding unit 1104 generates an encoded stream by encoding the quantized block to be encoded (S120).
  • the encoding control unit 1200 inserts the quantization matrix into the encoded stream (S130). At this time, the encoding control unit 1200 inserts a scan method determination flag into the encoded stream. A specific process of inserting the quantization matrix will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization (S110 in FIG. 6) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 110 determines whether the encoding target block is field-scanned image data or progressive-scanned image data (S111). Specifically, the determination unit 110 determines the scan method of the encoding target block using the scan method information.
  • the determination unit 110 selects a second quantization matrix for field scanning (S112). Then, the determination unit 110 outputs the selected second quantization matrix from the memory 120 to the quantization unit 1103.
  • the determination unit 110 selects a progressive first quantization matrix (S113). Then, the determination unit 110 causes the memory 120 to output the selected first quantization matrix to the quantization unit 1103.
  • the quantization unit 1103 quantizes the transform coefficient (encoding target block) using the input quantization matrix (S114). In this way, the quantization unit 1103 uses the first quantization matrix when the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data, and uses the first quantization matrix when the encoding target block is field scanned image data. The encoding target block is quantized using the two quantization matrix.
  • the quantization unit 1103 uses a matrix obtained by correcting the first quantization matrix (default quantization matrix) as the second quantization matrix when the encoding target block is field-scanned image data.
  • the encoding target block can be quantized. In this case, since it is not necessary to encode the second quantization matrix and the difference matrix, the encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix coding (S130 in FIG. 6) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 110 determines whether or not the quantization matrix used for quantization of the encoding target block is the second quantization matrix for field scanning (S131). This determination process is the same as the determination of the scan method for the encoding target block shown in FIG. 7 (S111). That is, the determination result of the scanning method shown in FIG. 7 can be used.
  • the encoding control unit 1200 calculates a difference matrix (S132). A specific example of calculating the difference matrix will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 encodes the difference matrix (S134). That is, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts the difference matrix into the encoded stream. For example, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts a difference matrix into SPS, PPS, or both SPS and PPS.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 encodes the progressive first quantization matrix (S135). ). That is, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts the progressive first quantization matrix into the encoded stream. For example, the quantization matrix encoding unit 130 inserts the first quantization matrix into SPS, PPS, or both SPS and PPS.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of the difference matrix calculation (S132 in FIG. 8) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 140 corrects the progressive quantization matrix (S1311). Then, the difference calculation unit 150 calculates the difference between the corrected quantization matrix and the field scan quantization matrix (S1312).
  • the image coding apparatus 1000 uses the first quantization matrix when the encoding target block included in the image data is the progressively scanned image data.
  • the encoding target block is quantized using the second quantization matrix.
  • an encoded stream is generated by encoding the quantized block to be encoded, and at least one of the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix is inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the image coding apparatus 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a first quantization matrix dedicated to quantization of progressively scanned image data and a first quantization matrix dedicated to quantization of field scanned image data. It manages 2 quantization matrices.
  • an appropriate quantization matrix can be used for quantization according to the scan method of the block to be encoded.
  • the image coding apparatus 1000 corrects the first quantization matrix, calculates a difference (difference matrix) between the corrected matrix and the second quantization matrix, and first The quantization matrix and the difference matrix are inserted into the encoded stream.
  • the difference matrix can be encoded with a smaller code amount than the second quantization matrix, the encoding efficiency is higher than when encoding the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix, respectively. Can be improved.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the image decoding apparatus 2000 includes a decoding processing unit 2100 and a decoding control unit 2200.
  • the decoding processing unit 2100 generates a decoded image by decoding the encoded stream for each block.
  • a decoding processing unit 2100 includes an entropy decoding unit 2101, an inverse quantization unit 2102, an inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103, an adder 2104, a deblocking filter 2105, a memory 2106, and an in-plane prediction unit 2107.
  • the entropy decoding unit 2101 acquires an encoded stream and performs entropy decoding (variable length decoding) on the encoded stream.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2102 inversely quantizes the quantized coefficient block generated by entropy decoding by the entropy decoding unit 2101.
  • the inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103 generates a decoded difference image by performing inverse orthogonal transform such as inverse discrete cosine transform on each frequency coefficient included in the inverse quantized coefficient block.
  • the adder 2104 obtains a predicted image from the switch 2109, and generates a decoded image by adding the predicted image and the decoded difference image generated by the inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103.
  • the deblocking filter 2105 removes block distortion of the decoded image generated by the adder 2104, stores the decoded image in the memory 2106, and outputs the decoded image.
  • the intra prediction unit 2107 generates a prediction image (intra prediction image) by performing intra prediction on the decoding target block using the decoded image generated by the adder 2104.
  • the motion compensation unit 2108 refers to the image stored in the memory 2106 as a reference image, and performs motion compensation on the decoding target block by using a motion vector generated by entropy decoding by the entropy decoding unit 2101. .
  • the motion compensation unit 2108 generates a prediction image (inter prediction image) for the decoding target block through such motion compensation.
  • the switch 2109 outputs the prediction image (intra prediction image) generated by the intra prediction unit 2107 to the adder 2104 when the decoding target block is subjected to intra prediction encoding.
  • the switch 2109 outputs the prediction image (inter prediction image) generated by the motion compensation unit 2108 to the adder 2104 when the decoding target block is subjected to inter-frame prediction encoding.
  • the decoding control unit 2200 controls the decoding processing unit 2100. Specifically, the decoding control unit 2200 determines a parameter for quantization control used by the inverse quantization unit 2102. In addition, the decoding control unit 2200 determines whether the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data. A specific configuration of the decoding control unit 2200 will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the decoding control unit 2200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the decoding control unit 2200 includes a determination unit 210, a memory 220, a quantization matrix decoding unit 230, a quantization matrix correction unit 240, and an addition unit 250.
  • the determination unit 210 determines the scan method of the decoding target block. That is, the determination unit 210 determines whether the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data (progressive image) or field-scanned image data (interlaced image).
  • the determination unit 210 extracts a scan method determination flag (see FIG. 4) from the encoded stream input to the image decoding device 2000. Specifically, the entropy decoding unit 2101 acquires a scan method determination flag by variable-length decoding the encoded stream, and outputs the scan method determination flag to the determination unit 210.
  • the memory 220 is a memory for storing at least one quantization matrix.
  • the memory 220 stores a first quantization matrix for progressively scanned image data and a second quantization matrix for field scanned image data. These quantization matrices are extracted from the encoded stream by the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 and stored in the memory 220.
  • the memory 220 may store a plurality of first quantization matrices different from each other as a quantization matrix for progressively scanned image data. Similarly, the memory 220 may store a plurality of second quantization matrices different from each other as a quantization matrix for field-scanned image data.
  • the memory 220 outputs the quantization matrix to the inverse quantization unit 2102 based on the determination result by the determination unit 210. Specifically, the memory 220 outputs the first quantization matrix to the inverse quantization unit 2102 when the decoding target block is image data subjected to progressive scan. In addition, when the decoding target block is field-scanned image data, the memory 220 outputs the second quantization matrix to the inverse quantization unit 2102.
  • the memory 220 preferably stores at least one default quantization matrix.
  • the at least one default quantization matrix may include a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix.
  • the default quantization matrix may be a matrix obtained by correcting the progressive quantization matrix extracted from the encoded stream.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 is an example of an extraction unit, and extracts a progressive quantization matrix from an encoded stream.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 also extracts a difference (difference matrix) for restoring the quantization matrix for field scan from the encoded stream.
  • the difference matrix is a difference between the matrix obtained by correcting the progressive quantization matrix and the field scan quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 240 corrects the progressive quantization matrix. Since the specific processing is the same as that of the quantization matrix correction unit 140, description thereof is omitted.
  • the adding unit 250 adds the corrected matrix generated by the quantization matrix correcting unit 240 and the difference (difference matrix) extracted by the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 to thereby add a quantization matrix for field scanning. To restore.
  • the restored field scan quantization matrix is stored in the memory 220.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example of restoration of a quantization matrix for field scan according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 240 corrects the progressive quantization matrix. This correction is the same as the operation of the quantization matrix correction unit 140 shown in FIG. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the quantization matrix correction unit 240 generates an 8 ⁇ 4 matrix by doubling a 4 ⁇ 4 progressive quantization matrix in the vertical direction. The upper half 4 ⁇ 4 matrix is generated as a corrected quantization matrix.
  • the addition unit 250 restores the quantization matrix for field scan by adding the corrected quantization matrix and the difference matrix.
  • the difference matrix is extracted from the encoded stream by the quantization matrix decoding unit 230.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 240 corrects the progressive quantization matrix, but may correct the field scan quantization matrix. Then, the adding unit 250 may restore the progressive quantization matrix by adding the corrected quantization matrix and the difference matrix. At this time, the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 extracts a field scan quantization matrix and a difference matrix from the encoded stream. Even in this case, encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the decoding control unit 2200 extracts a quantization matrix from the encoded stream (S210). At this time, the decoding control unit 2200 extracts a scan method determination flag from the encoded stream. Specific processing for extracting the quantization matrix will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the entropy decoding unit 2101 generates a decoding target block including quantized coefficients by decoding the encoded stream (S220).
  • the decoding target block corresponds to the quantization target block after quantization generated by the quantization unit 1103 shown in FIG.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2102 inversely quantizes the decoding target block using the quantization matrix (S230). That is, the inverse quantization unit 2102 inversely quantizes the decoded block to be decoded using the quantization matrix used in the quantization at the time of encoding.
  • the coefficient block generated by the inverse quantization is subjected to inverse orthogonal transform by the inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103 and converted into a decoded difference image. Specific processing of inverse quantization will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103 when predictive encoding is not performed at the time of encoding, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 2103 generates a decoded image by performing inverse orthogonal transform on the coefficient block. That is, the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention may not perform predictive decoding.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix decoding (S210 in FIG. 13) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 210 determines whether or not the quantization matrix used for inverse quantization of the decoding target block is the second quantization matrix for field scanning (S211). In other words, the determination unit 210 determines whether the decoding target block is field-scanned image data or progressive-scanned image data. Specifically, the determination unit 210 determines the scan method of the block to be encoded using a scan method determination flag that is also used as at least one process other than inverse quantization.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 determines whether or not the encoded stream includes a difference matrix. (S212). When the difference matrix is not included (No in S212), the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 causes the inverse quantization unit 2102 to output the default quantization matrix stored in the memory 220 (S213). For example, the memory 220 may output a matrix obtained by correcting the progressive quantization matrix as the default quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 decodes the difference matrix (S214). Specifically, the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 extracts a difference (difference matrix) for restoring the second quantization matrix for field scan from the encoded stream.
  • the decoding control unit 2200 restores the second quantization matrix for field scanning using the difference matrix and the first quantization matrix for progressive (S215).
  • S215 A specific example of the restoration of the second quantization matrix will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 decodes the progressive first quantization matrix (S216). Specifically, the quantization matrix decoding unit 230 extracts a first quantization matrix for progressive from the encoded stream.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the reconstruction of the quantization matrix for field scan (S215 in FIG. 14) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the quantization matrix correction unit 240 corrects the progressive quantization matrix (S2151). Then, the adding unit 250 restores the second quantization matrix for field scan by adding the corrected quantization matrix and the difference matrix (S2152).
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of inverse quantization (S230) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 210 determines whether the decoding target block is field-scanned image data or progressive-scanned image data (S231). This determination process is the same as the determination of the quantization matrix used for the inverse quantization of the decoding target block shown in FIG. 14 (S211). That is, the determination result of the quantization matrix shown in FIG. 14 can be used.
  • the determination unit 210 selects a second quantization matrix for field scanning (S232). Then, the determination unit 210 causes the selected second quantization matrix to be output from the memory 220 to the inverse quantization unit 2102.
  • the determination unit 210 determines the default quantization matrix (see S213). ) Is output to the inverse quantization unit 2102.
  • the default quantization matrix is, for example, a progressive first quantization matrix or a matrix obtained by correcting the first quantization matrix.
  • the determination unit 210 selects a progressive first quantization matrix (S233). Then, the determination unit 210 causes the selected first quantization matrix to be output from the memory 220 to the inverse quantization unit 2102.
  • the inverse quantization unit 2102 uses the input quantization matrix to inversely quantize the decoding target block including the quantized coefficients (S234). In this way, the inverse quantization unit 2102 uses the first quantization matrix when the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data, and the second quantization unit when the decoding target block is field scanned image data. The block to be decoded is inversely quantized using the quantization matrix. Further, when the decoding target block is field-scanned image data, the inverse quantization unit 2102 uses a matrix obtained by correcting the first quantization matrix (default quantization matrix) as the second quantization matrix. The decoding target block can be inversely quantized.
  • the image decoding apparatus 2000 extracts at least one of the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix from the encoded stream, and decodes the encoded stream. Then, a decoding target block including the quantized coefficient is obtained. Then, when the decoding target block is progressively scanned image data, the first quantization matrix is used, and when the decoding target block is field scanned image data, the second quantization matrix is used. Is dequantized.
  • the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a first quantization matrix dedicated to inverse quantization of progressive scanned image data and a dedicated dedicated to inverse quantization of field scanned image data. The second quantization matrix is managed.
  • an appropriate quantization matrix can be used for inverse quantization according to the scan method of the decoding target block.
  • the image decoding apparatus 2000 extracts a difference matrix for restoring the second quantization matrix from the encoded stream, corrects the first quantization matrix, and corrects the corrected quantum.
  • the second quantization matrix is restored by adding the quantization matrix and the difference matrix.
  • the difference matrix can be encoded with a smaller code amount than the second quantization matrix, the encoding efficiency is higher than when encoding the first quantization matrix and the second quantization matrix, respectively. Can be improved.
  • the image encoding apparatus inserts the progressive first quantization matrix and the field scan second quantization matrix into the encoded stream as they are. That is, the amount of code increases as compared to the case of encoding the difference matrix as in the first embodiment, but the amount of processing required to calculate the difference matrix can be reduced.
  • the configuration of the image coding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the image coding apparatus 1000 of FIG. The difference will be mainly described.
  • the image coding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is different from the image coding apparatus 1000 according to the first embodiment in that the coding control illustrated in FIG. 17 is used instead of the coding control unit 1200.
  • the difference is that the unit 300 is provided.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the encoding control unit 300 according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the encoding control unit 300 includes a determination unit 110, a memory 120, and a quantization matrix encoding unit 330.
  • the determination unit 110 and the memory 120 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted below.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 330 is an example of an insertion unit, and inserts a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix into an encoded stream generated by the entropy encoding unit 1104.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an encoded stream according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the SPS includes a field scan quantization matrix instead of the difference matrix.
  • the PPS may include a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix.
  • the slice header or the header of the macro block may include a quantization matrix.
  • the operation of the image coding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the operation of the image coding apparatus 1000 according to the first embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
  • the operation of the image coding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is different from the operation of the image coding apparatus 1000 according to the first embodiment in the coding of the quantization matrix (S130 in FIG. 6). Yes.
  • FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix coding (S130 in FIG. 6) according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 110 determines whether or not the quantization matrix used for quantization of the encoding target block is the first quantization matrix for field scanning (S331). This determination process is the same as the determination of the scan method for the encoding target block shown in FIG. 7 (S111). That is, the determination result of the scanning method shown in FIG. 7 can be used.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 330 encodes the second quantization matrix for field scan ( S332). That is, the quantization matrix encoding unit 330 inserts the second quantization matrix for field scanning into the encoded stream generated by the entropy encoding unit 1104.
  • the quantization matrix encoding unit 330 encodes the progressive first quantization matrix (S333). . That is, the quantization matrix encoding unit 330 inserts the first quantization matrix for progressive use into the encoded stream generated by the entropy encoding unit 1104.
  • the image coding apparatus inserts the progressive first quantization matrix and the field scan second quantization matrix into the coded stream as they are. To do. That is, the amount of code increases as compared to the case of encoding the difference matrix as in the first embodiment, but the amount of processing required to calculate the difference matrix can be reduced.
  • the image decoding apparatus extracts the first quantization matrix for progressive and the second quantization matrix for field scan from the encoded stream.
  • the configuration of the image decoding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the image decoding apparatus 2000 of FIG. The explanation will be focused on.
  • the image decoding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention includes a decoding control unit 400 illustrated in FIG. 20 instead of the decoding control unit 2200. The point is different.
  • FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the decoding control unit 400 according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the decoding control unit 400 includes a determination unit 210, a memory 220, and a quantization matrix decoding unit 430.
  • the determination unit 210 and the memory 220 are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted below.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 is an example of an extraction unit, and extracts a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix from the encoded stream.
  • the operation of the image decoding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to the first embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
  • the operation of the image decoding apparatus according to the modification of the first embodiment of the present invention is different from the operation of the image decoding apparatus 2000 according to the first embodiment in the decoding of the quantization matrix (S210 in FIG. 13).
  • FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an example of quantization matrix decoding (S210 in FIG. 13) according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the determination unit 210 determines whether or not the quantization matrix used for inverse quantization of the decoding target block is the second quantization matrix for field scanning (S411). In other words, the determination unit 210 determines whether the decoding target block is field-scanned image data or progressive-scanned image data. Specifically, the determination unit 210 determines the scan method of the decoding target block using the scan method determination flag.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 determines whether or not the coefficient value of the matrix is included in the encoded stream. Is determined (S412). If the matrix coefficient value is not included (No in S412), the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 causes the inverse quantization unit 2102 to output the default quantization matrix stored in the memory 220 (S413). For example, the memory 220 may output a matrix obtained by correcting the progressive quantization matrix as the default quantization matrix.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 decodes the quantization matrix for field scan (S414). Specifically, the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 extracts a second quantization matrix for field scan from the encoded stream.
  • the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 decodes the progressive first quantization matrix (S415). Specifically, the quantization matrix decoding unit 430 extracts a first quantization matrix for progressive from the encoded stream.
  • the image decoding apparatus is an encoded stream in which the first quantization matrix for progressive and the second quantization matrix for field scan are inserted as they are. Is decrypted. That is, the amount of code increases as compared to the case of encoding the difference matrix as in the first embodiment, but the amount of processing required to calculate the difference matrix can be reduced.
  • the image encoding device, the image decoding device, the image encoding method, and the image decoding method according to the present invention have been described based on the embodiments.
  • the present invention is limited to the embodiments described above and below. It is not a thing. Unless it deviates from the meaning of this invention, the form which carried out the various deformation
  • quantization matrices are managed according to the scanning method, such as a progressive quantization matrix and a field scan quantization matrix. Parameters may be managed according to the scanning method.
  • Other quantization control parameters include, for example, a quantization offset, a quantization parameter, and a quantization matrix index.
  • the memory 120 stores a first quantization offset for progressive and a second quantization offset for field scan. Then, the determination unit 110 determines whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data based on the scan method information, and based on the determination result, the memory 120 Any one of the first quantization offset and the second quantization offset may be output to the quantization unit 1103.
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device may correct the quantization offset in the same manner as the quantization matrix. As a result, the amount of code required for encoding the quantization offset can be reduced, so that the encoding efficiency can be further improved.
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device may manage a plurality of different first quantization matrices as quantization matrices for progressively scanned image data.
  • a plurality of different second quantization matrices may be stored as a quantization matrix for field-scanned image data.
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to the embodiment of the present invention each have a field scan index (for example, 0, 1, 2) corresponding to each of the plurality of second quantization matrices for field scan. Manage.
  • the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to the embodiment of the present invention manage progressive indexes (for example, 3, 4, 5) corresponding to each of a plurality of progressive first quantization matrices. To do. When the image encoding device inserts these indexes into the encoded stream, the image decoding device can correctly decode the encoded stream.
  • the encoding target block (decoding target block) is field-scanned image data
  • a progressive index may be used. That is, the first quantization matrix according to the embodiment of the present invention may not be dedicated to progressively scanned image data. Similarly, the second quantization matrix according to the embodiment of the present invention may not be dedicated to field scanned image data.
  • the second quantization matrix may be given priority over the first quantization matrix. Specifically, a value smaller than the index of the first quantization matrix is assigned to the index of the second quantization matrix. For example, 0, 1, and 2 may be assigned as indexes corresponding to the second quantization matrix for field scan, and 3, 4, and 5 may be assigned as indexes corresponding to the first quantization matrix for progressive. Thereby, since the index of the 2nd quantization matrix used frequently is a small value, encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • the first quantization matrix may be given priority over the second quantization matrix. Specifically, a value smaller than the index of the second quantization matrix is assigned to the index of the first quantization matrix. For example, 0, 1, and 2 may be assigned as indexes corresponding to the first quantization matrix for progressive, and 3, 4, and 5 may be assigned as indexes corresponding to the second quantization matrix for field scan. Thereby, since the index of the 1st quantization matrix used frequently is a small value, encoding efficiency can be improved.
  • the index allocation method may be changed depending on whether the encoding target block is progressively scanned image data or field scanned image data.
  • the encoding target block (decoding target block) may be hierarchized as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a hierarchized processing unit (multi-hierarchical block structure).
  • the encoding processing unit 1100 encodes a moving image for each processing unit, and the decoding processing unit 2100 decodes the encoded stream for each processing unit.
  • This processing unit is divided into a plurality of small processing units, and the small processing unit is further hierarchized so as to be further divided into a plurality of smaller processing units. Note that the smaller the processing unit is, the deeper the hierarchy in which the processing unit is and the lower the value, and the larger the value indicating the hierarchy. Conversely, the larger the processing unit is, the shallower the hierarchy in which the processing unit is, the higher the hierarchy, and the smaller the value indicating the hierarchy.
  • the processing unit includes a coding unit (CU), a prediction unit (PU), and a transform unit (TU).
  • a CU is a block composed of a maximum of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels, and is a unit corresponding to a conventional macroblock.
  • PU is a basic unit of inter-screen prediction.
  • the TU is a basic unit of orthogonal transformation, and the size of the TU is the same as the PU or a size smaller than the PU.
  • the CU is divided into, for example, four sub CUs, and one of the sub CUs includes a PU and a TU having the same size as the sub CU (in this case, the PU and the TU overlap each other).
  • the PU is further divided into four sub-PUs
  • the TU is further divided into four sub-TUs.
  • a picture is divided into a plurality of slices.
  • One slice is a sequence of a maximum coding unit (LCU: Large Coding Unit).
  • LCU Large Coding Unit
  • the position of the LCU is specified by the maximum coding unit address “lcuAddr”.
  • Each CU is recursively divided into four CUs. That is, the CU is a quadtree partition of the LCU.
  • the position of the CU is specified by a coding unit index “cuIdx” that indicates a relative positional relationship with the pixel located at the upper left of the LCU.
  • the size of the PU is the same as the size of the CU that is not allowed to be further divided.
  • the position of the PU is specified by the prediction unit index “puIdx” indicating the relative positional relationship with the pixel located at the upper left of the LCU, similarly to the CU.
  • -A PU may have a plurality of partitions. This partition can be of any shape.
  • the position of the partition is specified by a prediction unit partition index “puPartIdx” indicating a relative positional relationship with a pixel located at the upper left of the PU.
  • the PU may have multiple TUs.
  • the size of the TU is the same size as the PU, or a size smaller than the PU.
  • the position of the TU is specified by a conversion unit index “tuIdx” indicating a relative positional relationship with the pixel located at the upper left of the PU.
  • each processing unit is as follows.
  • Coding tree block (CTB: Coding Tree Block): A basic unit for defining quadtree partitioning of a given rectangular area.
  • the CTB can have a rectangular shape of various sizes.
  • LCTB Largest coding tree block
  • SCTB Smallest coding tree block
  • Prediction unit A basic unit for defining prediction processing.
  • the size of the PU is the same as the size of the CU that is not allowed to be further divided.
  • the PU can be divided into a plurality of partitions. While the CU is divided into four rectangular shapes, the partition can have any shape.
  • Transformation unit Basic unit for defining transformation and quantization processing.
  • Coding unit Same as coding tree block.
  • LCU Large Coding Unit
  • SCU Smallest Coding Unit
  • Quantization matrices may be associated with each of such hierarchized processing units (blocks).
  • the embodiments described above and below will be configured using hardware and / or software, but the configuration using hardware can also be configured using software, and the configuration using software is hardware. It can also be configured using hardware.
  • the storage medium may be any medium that can record a program, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, an IC card, and a semiconductor memory.
  • the system has an image encoding / decoding device including an image encoding device using an image encoding method and an image decoding device using an image decoding method.
  • image encoding / decoding device including an image encoding device using an image encoding method and an image decoding device using an image decoding method.
  • Other configurations in the system can be appropriately changed according to circumstances.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a content supply system ex100 that realizes a content distribution service.
  • a communication service providing area is divided into desired sizes, and base stations ex106, ex107, ex108, ex109, and ex110, which are fixed wireless stations, are installed in each cell.
  • This content supply system ex100 includes a computer ex111, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) ex112, a camera ex113, a mobile phone ex114, a game machine ex115 via the Internet ex101, the Internet service provider ex102, the telephone network ex104, and the base stations ex106 to ex110. Etc. are connected.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • each device may be directly connected to the telephone network ex104 without going from the base station ex106, which is a fixed wireless station, to ex110.
  • the devices may be directly connected to each other via short-range wireless or the like.
  • the camera ex113 is a device that can shoot moving images such as a digital video camera
  • the camera ex116 is a device that can shoot still images and movies such as a digital camera.
  • the mobile phone ex114 is a GSM (registered trademark) (Global System for Mobile Communications) system, a CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) system, a W-CDMA (Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access) system, or an LTE (Long Term Evolution). It is possible to use any of the above-mentioned systems, HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) mobile phone, PHS (Personal Handyphone System), or the like.
  • the camera ex113 and the like are connected to the streaming server ex103 through the base station ex109 and the telephone network ex104, thereby enabling live distribution and the like.
  • live distribution the content (for example, music live video) captured by the user using the camera ex113 is encoded as described in the above embodiments (that is, the image encoding of the present invention).
  • Function as a device Function as a device) and transmit to the streaming server ex103.
  • the streaming server ex103 stream-distributes the content data transmitted to the requested client. Examples of the client include a computer ex111, a PDA ex112, a camera ex113, a mobile phone ex114, and a game machine ex115 that can decode the encoded data.
  • Each device that receives the distributed data decodes the received data and reproduces it (that is, functions as the image decoding device of the present invention).
  • the captured data may be encoded by the camera ex113, the streaming server ex103 that performs data transmission processing, or may be shared with each other.
  • the decryption processing of the distributed data may be performed by the client, the streaming server ex103, or may be performed in common with each other.
  • still images and / or moving image data captured by the camera ex116 may be transmitted to the streaming server ex103 via the computer ex111.
  • the encoding process in this case may be performed by any of the camera ex116, the computer ex111, and the streaming server ex103, or may be performed in a shared manner.
  • these encoding / decoding processes are generally performed in the computer ex111 and the LSI ex500 included in each device.
  • the LSI ex500 may be configured as a single chip or a plurality of chips.
  • moving image encoding / decoding software is incorporated into some recording medium (CD-ROM, flexible disk, hard disk, etc.) that can be read by the computer ex111, etc., and encoding / decoding processing is performed using the software. May be.
  • moving image data acquired by the camera may be transmitted.
  • the moving image data at this time is data encoded by the LSI ex500 included in the mobile phone ex114.
  • the streaming server ex103 may be a plurality of servers or a plurality of computers, and may process, record, and distribute data in a distributed manner.
  • the encoded data can be received and reproduced by the client.
  • the information transmitted by the user can be received, decrypted and reproduced by the client in real time, and personal broadcasting can be realized even for a user who does not have special rights or facilities.
  • the digital broadcasting system ex200 also includes at least the moving image encoding device (image encoding device) or the moving image decoding according to each of the above embodiments. Any of the devices (image decoding devices) can be incorporated.
  • the broadcast station ex201 multiplexed data obtained by multiplexing music data and the like on video data is transmitted to a communication or satellite ex202 via radio waves.
  • This video data is data encoded by the moving image encoding method described in the above embodiments (that is, data encoded by the image encoding apparatus of the present invention).
  • the broadcasting satellite ex202 transmits a radio wave for broadcasting, and this radio wave is received by a home antenna ex204 capable of receiving satellite broadcasting.
  • the received multiplexed data is decoded and reproduced by an apparatus such as the television (receiver) ex300 or the set top box (STB) ex217 (that is, functions as the image decoding apparatus of the present invention).
  • a reader / recorder ex218 that reads and decodes multiplexed data recorded on a recording medium ex215 such as a DVD or a BD, or encodes a video signal on the recording medium ex215 and, in some cases, multiplexes and writes it with a music signal. It is possible to mount the moving picture decoding apparatus or moving picture encoding apparatus described in the above embodiments. In this case, the reproduced video signal is displayed on the monitor ex219, and the video signal can be reproduced in another device or system using the recording medium ex215 on which the multiplexed data is recorded.
  • a moving picture decoding apparatus may be mounted in a set-top box ex217 connected to a cable ex203 for cable television or an antenna ex204 for satellite / terrestrial broadcasting and displayed on the monitor ex219 of the television.
  • the moving picture decoding apparatus may be incorporated in the television instead of the set top box.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a television (receiver) ex300 that uses the video decoding method and the video encoding method described in each of the above embodiments.
  • the television ex300 obtains or outputs multiplexed data in which audio data is multiplexed with video data via the antenna ex204 or the cable ex203 that receives the broadcast, and demodulates the received multiplexed data.
  • the modulation / demodulation unit ex302 that modulates multiplexed data to be transmitted to the outside, and the demodulated multiplexed data is separated into video data and audio data, or the video data and audio data encoded by the signal processing unit ex306 Is provided with a multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303.
  • the television ex300 decodes each of the audio data and the video data, or encodes the respective information, the audio signal processing unit ex304, the video signal processing unit ex305 (function as the image encoding device or the image decoding device of the present invention). ), A speaker ex307 for outputting the decoded audio signal, and an output unit ex309 having a display unit ex308 such as a display for displaying the decoded video signal.
  • the television ex300 includes an interface unit ex317 including an operation input unit ex312 that receives an input of a user operation.
  • the television ex300 includes a control unit ex310 that performs overall control of each unit, and a power supply circuit unit ex311 that supplies power to each unit.
  • the interface unit ex317 includes a bridge unit ex313 connected to an external device such as a reader / recorder ex218, a recording unit ex216 such as an SD card, and an external recording unit such as a hard disk.
  • a driver ex315 for connecting to a medium, a modem ex316 for connecting to a telephone network, and the like may be included.
  • the recording medium ex216 is capable of electrically recording information by using a nonvolatile / volatile semiconductor memory element to be stored.
  • Each part of the television ex300 is connected to each other via a synchronous bus.
  • the television ex300 receives a user operation from the remote controller ex220 or the like, and demultiplexes the multiplexed data demodulated by the modulation / demodulation unit ex302 by the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303 based on the control of the control unit ex310 having a CPU or the like. Furthermore, in the television ex300, the separated audio data is decoded by the audio signal processing unit ex304, and the separated video data is decoded by the video signal processing unit ex305 using the decoding method described in each of the above embodiments.
  • the decoded audio signal and video signal are output from the output unit ex309 to the outside. At the time of output, these signals may be temporarily stored in the buffers ex318, ex319, etc. so that the audio signal and the video signal are reproduced in synchronization. Also, the television ex300 may read multiplexed data from recording media ex215 and ex216 such as a magnetic / optical disk and an SD card, not from broadcasting. Next, a configuration in which the television ex300 encodes an audio signal or a video signal and transmits the signal to the outside or to a recording medium will be described.
  • the television ex300 receives a user operation from the remote controller ex220 and the like, encodes an audio signal with the audio signal processing unit ex304, and converts the video signal with the video signal processing unit ex305 based on the control of the control unit ex310. Encoding is performed using the encoding method described in (1).
  • the encoded audio signal and video signal are multiplexed by the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303 and output to the outside. When multiplexing, these signals may be temporarily stored in the buffers ex320, ex321, etc. so that the audio signal and the video signal are synchronized.
  • a plurality of buffers ex318, ex319, ex320, and ex321 may be provided as illustrated, or one or more buffers may be shared. Further, in addition to the illustrated example, data may be stored in the buffer as a buffer material that prevents system overflow and underflow, for example, between the modulation / demodulation unit ex302 and the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex303.
  • the television ex300 has a configuration for receiving AV input of a microphone and a camera, and performs encoding processing on the data acquired from them. Also good.
  • the television ex300 has been described as a configuration capable of the above-described encoding processing, multiplexing, and external output, but these processing cannot be performed, and only the above-described reception, decoding processing, and external output are possible. It may be a configuration.
  • the decoding process or the encoding process may be performed by either the television ex300 or the reader / recorder ex218,
  • the reader / recorder ex218 may share with each other.
  • FIG. 26 shows a configuration of the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 when data is read from or written to an optical disk.
  • the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 includes elements ex401, ex402, ex403, ex404, ex405, ex406, and ex407 described below.
  • the optical head ex401 irradiates a laser spot on the recording surface of the recording medium ex215 that is an optical disk to write information, and detects reflected light from the recording surface of the recording medium ex215 to read the information.
  • the modulation recording unit ex402 electrically drives a semiconductor laser built in the optical head ex401 and modulates the laser beam according to the recording data.
  • the reproduction demodulator ex403 amplifies the reproduction signal obtained by electrically detecting the reflected light from the recording surface by the photodetector built in the optical head ex401, separates and demodulates the signal component recorded on the recording medium ex215, and is necessary To play back information.
  • the buffer ex404 temporarily holds information to be recorded on the recording medium ex215 and information reproduced from the recording medium ex215.
  • the disk motor ex405 rotates the recording medium ex215.
  • the servo controller ex406 moves the optical head ex401 to a predetermined information track while controlling the rotational drive of the disk motor ex405, and performs a laser spot tracking process.
  • the system control unit ex407 controls the entire information reproduction / recording unit ex400.
  • the system control unit ex407 uses various kinds of information held in the buffer ex404, and generates and adds new information as necessary, and the modulation recording unit ex402, the reproduction demodulation unit This is realized by recording / reproducing information through the optical head ex401 while operating the ex403 and the servo control unit ex406 in a coordinated manner.
  • the system control unit ex407 is composed of, for example, a microprocessor, and executes these processes by executing a read / write program.
  • the optical head ex401 has been described as irradiating a laser spot.
  • a configuration in which higher-density recording is performed using near-field light may be used.
  • FIG. 27 shows a schematic diagram of a recording medium ex215 that is an optical disk.
  • Guide grooves grooves
  • address information indicating the absolute position on the disc is recorded in advance on the information track ex230 by changing the shape of the groove.
  • This address information includes information for specifying the position of the recording block ex231 that is a unit for recording data, and the recording block is specified by reproducing the information track ex230 and reading the address information in a recording or reproducing apparatus.
  • the recording medium ex215 includes a data recording area ex233, an inner peripheral area ex232, and an outer peripheral area ex234.
  • the area used for recording user data is the data recording area ex233, and the inner circumference area ex232 and the outer circumference area ex234 arranged on the inner or outer circumference of the data recording area ex233 are used for specific purposes other than user data recording. Used.
  • the information reproducing / recording unit ex400 reads / writes encoded audio data, video data, or multiplexed data obtained by multiplexing these data with respect to the data recording area ex233 of the recording medium ex215.
  • an optical disk such as a single-layer DVD or BD has been described as an example.
  • the present invention is not limited to these, and an optical disk having a multilayer structure and capable of recording other than the surface may be used.
  • an optical disc with a multi-dimensional recording / reproducing structure such as recording information using light of different wavelengths in the same place on the disc, or recording different layers of information from various angles. It may be.
  • the car ex210 having the antenna ex205 can receive data from the satellite ex202 and the like, and the moving image can be reproduced on a display device such as the car navigation ex211 that the car ex210 has.
  • the configuration of the car navigation ex211 may be, for example, a configuration in which a GPS receiving unit is added in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 25, and the same may be considered for the computer ex111, the mobile phone ex114, and the like.
  • FIG. 28 (a) is a diagram showing the mobile phone ex114 using the moving picture decoding method and the moving picture encoding method described in the above embodiment.
  • the mobile phone ex114 includes an antenna ex350 for transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the base station ex110, a camera unit ex365 capable of capturing video and still images, a video captured by the camera unit ex365, a video received by the antenna ex350, and the like Is provided with a display unit ex358 such as a liquid crystal display for displaying the decrypted data.
  • the mobile phone ex114 further includes a main body unit having an operation key unit ex366, an audio output unit ex357 such as a speaker for outputting audio, an audio input unit ex356 such as a microphone for inputting audio, a captured video,
  • an audio input unit ex356 such as a microphone for inputting audio
  • a captured video In the memory unit ex367 for storing encoded data or decoded data such as still images, recorded audio, received video, still images, mails, or the like, or an interface unit with a recording medium for storing data
  • a slot ex364 is provided.
  • the mobile phone ex114 has a power supply circuit part ex361, an operation input control part ex362, and a video signal processing part ex355 with respect to a main control part ex360 that comprehensively controls each part of the main body including the display part ex358 and the operation key part ex366.
  • a camera interface unit ex363, an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) control unit ex359, a modulation / demodulation unit ex352, a multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex353, an audio signal processing unit ex354, a slot unit ex364, and a memory unit ex367 are connected to each other via a bus ex370. ing.
  • the power supply circuit unit ex361 starts up the mobile phone ex114 in an operable state by supplying power from the battery pack to each unit.
  • the cellular phone ex114 converts the audio signal collected by the audio input unit ex356 in the voice call mode into a digital audio signal by the audio signal processing unit ex354 based on the control of the main control unit ex360 having a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. Then, this is subjected to spectrum spread processing by the modulation / demodulation unit ex352, digital-analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing are performed by the transmission / reception unit ex351, and then transmitted via the antenna ex350.
  • the mobile phone ex114 also amplifies the received data received via the antenna ex350 in the voice call mode, performs frequency conversion processing and analog-digital conversion processing, performs spectrum despreading processing by the modulation / demodulation unit ex352, and performs voice signal processing unit After being converted into an analog audio signal by ex354, this is output from the audio output unit ex357.
  • the text data of the e-mail input by operating the operation key unit ex366 of the main unit is sent to the main control unit ex360 via the operation input control unit ex362.
  • the main control unit ex360 performs spread spectrum processing on the text data in the modulation / demodulation unit ex352, performs digital analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing in the transmission / reception unit ex351, and then transmits the text data to the base station ex110 via the antenna ex350.
  • almost the reverse process is performed on the received data and output to the display unit ex358.
  • the video signal processing unit ex355 compresses the video signal supplied from the camera unit ex365 by the moving image encoding method described in the above embodiments. Encode (that is, function as the image encoding apparatus of the present invention), and send the encoded video data to the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex353.
  • the audio signal processing unit ex354 encodes the audio signal picked up by the audio input unit ex356 while the camera unit ex365 images a video, a still image, etc., and sends the encoded audio data to the multiplexing / separating unit ex353. To do.
  • the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit ex353 multiplexes the encoded video data supplied from the video signal processing unit ex355 and the encoded audio data supplied from the audio signal processing unit ex354 by a predetermined method, and is obtained as a result.
  • the multiplexed data is subjected to spread spectrum processing by the modulation / demodulation unit (modulation / demodulation circuit unit) ex352, digital-analog conversion processing and frequency conversion processing by the transmission / reception unit ex351, and then transmitted via the antenna ex350.
  • the multiplexing / separating unit ex353 separates the multiplexed data into a video data bit stream and an audio data bit stream, and performs video signal processing on the video data encoded via the synchronization bus ex370.
  • the encoded audio data is supplied to the audio signal processing unit ex354 while being supplied to the unit ex355.
  • the video signal processing unit ex355 decodes the video signal by decoding using the video decoding method corresponding to the video encoding method shown in each of the above embodiments (that is, functions as the image decoding device of the present invention).
  • video and still images included in the moving image file linked to the home page are displayed from the display unit ex358 via the LCD control unit ex359.
  • the audio signal processing unit ex354 decodes the audio signal, and the audio is output from the audio output unit ex357.
  • the terminal such as the mobile phone ex114 is referred to as a transmission terminal having only an encoder and a receiving terminal having only a decoder.
  • a transmission terminal having only an encoder
  • a receiving terminal having only a decoder.
  • multiplexed data in which music data or the like is multiplexed with video data is received and transmitted, but data in which character data or the like related to video is multiplexed in addition to audio data It may be video data itself instead of multiplexed data.
  • the moving picture encoding method or the moving picture decoding method shown in each of the above embodiments can be used in any of the above-described devices / systems. The described effect can be obtained.
  • multiplexed data obtained by multiplexing audio data or the like with video data is configured to include identification information indicating which standard the video data conforms to.
  • identification information indicating which standard the video data conforms to.
  • FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a structure of multiplexed data.
  • multiplexed data is obtained by multiplexing one or more of a video stream, an audio stream, a presentation graphics stream (PG), and an interactive graphics stream.
  • the video stream indicates the main video and sub-video of the movie
  • the audio stream (IG) indicates the main audio portion of the movie and the sub-audio mixed with the main audio
  • the presentation graphics stream indicates the subtitles of the movie.
  • the main video indicates a normal video displayed on the screen
  • the sub-video is a video displayed on a small screen in the main video.
  • the interactive graphics stream indicates an interactive screen created by arranging GUI components on the screen.
  • the video stream is encoded by the moving image encoding method or apparatus shown in the above embodiments, or the moving image encoding method or apparatus conforming to the conventional standards such as MPEG-2, MPEG4-AVC, and VC-1. ing.
  • the audio stream is encoded by a method such as Dolby AC-3, Dolby Digital Plus, MLP, DTS, DTS-HD, or linear PCM.
  • Each stream included in the multiplexed data is identified by PID. For example, 0x1011 for video streams used for movie images, 0x1100 to 0x111F for audio streams, 0x1200 to 0x121F for presentation graphics, 0x1400 to 0x141F for interactive graphics streams, 0x1B00 to 0x1B1F are assigned to video streams used for sub-pictures, and 0x1A00 to 0x1A1F are assigned to audio streams used for sub-audio mixed with the main audio.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram schematically showing how multiplexed data is multiplexed.
  • a video stream ex235 composed of a plurality of video frames and an audio stream ex238 composed of a plurality of audio frames are converted into PES packet sequences ex236 and ex239, respectively, and converted into TS packets ex237 and ex240.
  • the data of the presentation graphics stream ex241 and interactive graphics ex244 are converted into PES packet sequences ex242 and ex245, respectively, and further converted into TS packets ex243 and ex246.
  • the multiplexed data ex247 is configured by multiplexing these TS packets into one stream.
  • FIG. 31 shows in more detail how the video stream is stored in the PES packet sequence.
  • the first row in FIG. 31 shows a video frame sequence of the video stream.
  • the second level shows a PES packet sequence.
  • a plurality of Video Presentation Units in the video stream are divided into pictures, B pictures, and P pictures and stored in the payload of the PES packet.
  • Each PES packet has a PES header, and a PTS (Presentation Time-Stamp) that is a display time of a picture and a DTS (Decoding Time-Stamp) that is a decoding time of a picture are stored in the PES header.
  • PTS Presentation Time-Stamp
  • DTS Decoding Time-Stamp
  • FIG. 32 shows the format of TS packets that are finally written in the multiplexed data.
  • the TS packet is a 188-byte fixed-length packet composed of a 4-byte TS header having information such as a PID for identifying a stream and a 184-byte TS payload for storing data.
  • the PES packet is divided and stored in the TS payload.
  • a 4-byte TP_Extra_Header is added to a TS packet, forms a 192-byte source packet, and is written in multiplexed data.
  • TP_Extra_Header information such as ATS (Arrival_Time_Stamp) is described.
  • ATS indicates the transfer start time of the TS packet to the PID filter of the decoder.
  • Source packets are arranged in the multiplexed data as shown in the lower part of FIG. 32, and the number incremented from the head of the multiplexed data is called SPN (source packet number).
  • TS packets included in the multiplexed data include PAT (Program Association Table), PMT (Program Map Table), PCR (Program Clock Reference), and the like in addition to each stream such as video / audio / caption.
  • PAT indicates what the PID of the PMT used in the multiplexed data is, and the PID of the PAT itself is registered as 0.
  • the PMT has the PID of each stream such as video / audio / subtitles included in the multiplexed data and the attribute information of the stream corresponding to each PID, and has various descriptors related to the multiplexed data.
  • the descriptor includes copy control information for instructing permission / non-permission of copying of multiplexed data.
  • the PCR corresponds to the ATS in which the PCR packet is transferred to the decoder. Contains STC time information.
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining the data structure of the PMT in detail.
  • a PMT header describing the length of data included in the PMT is arranged at the head of the PMT.
  • a plurality of descriptors related to multiplexed data are arranged.
  • the copy control information and the like are described as descriptors.
  • a plurality of pieces of stream information regarding each stream included in the multiplexed data are arranged.
  • the stream information includes a stream descriptor in which a stream type, a stream PID, and stream attribute information (frame rate, aspect ratio, etc.) are described to identify a compression codec of the stream.
  • the multiplexed data is recorded together with the multiplexed data information file.
  • the multiplexed data information file is management information of multiplexed data, has a one-to-one correspondence with the multiplexed data, and includes multiplexed data information, stream attribute information, and an entry map.
  • the multiplexed data information is composed of a system rate, a reproduction start time, and a reproduction end time.
  • the system rate indicates a maximum transfer rate of multiplexed data to a PID filter of a system target decoder described later.
  • the ATS interval included in the multiplexed data is set to be equal to or less than the system rate.
  • the playback start time is the PTS of the first video frame of the multiplexed data
  • the playback end time is set by adding the playback interval for one frame to the PTS of the video frame at the end of the multiplexed data.
  • attribute information about each stream included in the multiplexed data is registered for each PID.
  • the attribute information has different information for each video stream, audio stream, presentation graphics stream, and interactive graphics stream.
  • the video stream attribute information includes the compression codec used to compress the video stream, the resolution of the individual picture data constituting the video stream, the aspect ratio, and the frame rate. It has information such as how much it is.
  • the audio stream attribute information includes the compression codec used to compress the audio stream, the number of channels included in the audio stream, the language supported, and the sampling frequency. With information. These pieces of information are used for initialization of the decoder before the player reproduces it.
  • the stream type included in the PMT is used.
  • video stream attribute information included in the multiplexed data information is used.
  • the video encoding shown in each of the above embodiments for the stream type or video stream attribute information included in the PMT.
  • FIG. 36 shows the steps of the moving picture decoding method according to the present embodiment.
  • step exS100 the stream type included in the PMT or the video stream attribute information included in the multiplexed data information is acquired from the multiplexed data.
  • step exS101 it is determined whether or not the stream type or the video stream attribute information indicates multiplexed data generated by the moving picture encoding method or apparatus described in the above embodiments. To do.
  • step exS102 the above embodiments are performed. Decoding is performed by the moving picture decoding method shown in the form.
  • the conventional information Decoding is performed by a moving image decoding method compliant with the standard.
  • FIG. 37 shows a configuration of the LSI ex500 that is made into one chip.
  • the LSI ex500 includes elements ex501, ex502, ex503, ex504, ex505, ex506, ex507, ex508, and ex509 described below, and each element is connected via a bus ex510.
  • the power supply circuit unit ex505 is activated to an operable state by supplying power to each unit when the power supply is on.
  • the LSI ex500 when performing the encoding process, performs the microphone ex117 and the camera ex113 by the AV I / O ex509 based on the control of the control unit ex501 including the CPU ex502, the memory controller ex503, the stream controller ex504, the drive frequency control unit ex512, and the like.
  • the AV signal is input from the above.
  • the input AV signal is temporarily stored in an external memory ex511 such as SDRAM.
  • the accumulated data is divided into a plurality of times as appropriate according to the processing amount and the processing speed and sent to the signal processing unit ex507, and the signal processing unit ex507 encodes an audio signal and / or video. Signal encoding is performed.
  • the encoding process of the video signal is the encoding process described in the above embodiments.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 further performs processing such as multiplexing the encoded audio data and the encoded video data according to circumstances, and outputs the result from the stream I / Oex 506 to the outside.
  • the output multiplexed data is transmitted to the base station ex107 or written to the recording medium ex215. It should be noted that data should be temporarily stored in the buffer ex508 so as to be synchronized when multiplexing.
  • the memory ex511 is described as an external configuration of the LSI ex500.
  • a configuration included in the LSI ex500 may be used.
  • the number of buffers ex508 is not limited to one, and a plurality of buffers may be provided.
  • the LSI ex500 may be made into one chip or a plurality of chips.
  • control unit ex501 includes the CPU ex502, the memory controller ex503, the stream controller ex504, the drive frequency control unit ex512, and the like, but the configuration of the control unit ex501 is not limited to this configuration.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 may further include a CPU.
  • the CPU ex502 may be configured to include a signal processing unit ex507 or, for example, an audio signal processing unit that is a part of the signal processing unit ex507.
  • the control unit ex501 is configured to include a signal processing unit ex507 or a CPU ex502 having a part thereof.
  • LSI LSI
  • IC system LSI
  • super LSI ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration
  • the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI, and implementation with a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor is also possible.
  • An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
  • FIG. 38 shows a configuration ex800 in the present embodiment.
  • the drive frequency switching unit ex803 sets the drive frequency high when the video data is generated by the moving image encoding method or apparatus described in the above embodiments.
  • the decoding processing unit ex801 that executes the moving picture decoding method described in each of the above embodiments is instructed to decode the video data.
  • the video data is video data compliant with the conventional standard, compared to the case where the video data is generated by the moving picture encoding method or apparatus shown in the above embodiments, Set the drive frequency low. Then, it instructs the decoding processing unit ex802 compliant with the conventional standard to decode the video data.
  • the drive frequency switching unit ex803 includes the CPU ex502 and the drive frequency control unit ex512 in FIG.
  • the decoding processing unit ex801 that executes the moving picture decoding method described in each of the above embodiments and the decoding processing unit ex802 that conforms to the conventional standard correspond to the signal processing unit ex507 in FIG.
  • the CPU ex502 identifies which standard the video data conforms to. Then, based on the signal from the CPU ex502, the drive frequency control unit ex512 sets the drive frequency. Further, based on the signal from the CPU ex502, the signal processing unit ex507 decodes the video data.
  • the identification of the video data for example, it is conceivable to use the identification information described in the third embodiment.
  • the identification information is not limited to that described in Embodiment 3, and any information that can identify which standard the video data conforms to may be used. For example, it is possible to identify which standard the video data conforms to based on an external signal that identifies whether the video data is used for a television or a disk. In some cases, identification may be performed based on such an external signal. In addition, the selection of the driving frequency in the CPU ex502 may be performed based on, for example, a lookup table in which video data standards and driving frequencies are associated with each other as shown in FIG. The look-up table is stored in the buffer ex508 or the internal memory of the LSI, and the CPU ex502 can select the drive frequency by referring to the look-up table.
  • FIG. 39 shows steps for executing the method of the present embodiment.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 acquires identification information from the multiplexed data.
  • the CPU ex502 identifies whether the video data is generated by the encoding method or apparatus described in each of the above embodiments based on the identification information.
  • the CPU ex502 sends a signal for setting the drive frequency high to the drive frequency control unit ex512. Then, the drive frequency control unit ex512 sets a high drive frequency.
  • step exS203 the CPU ex502 drives the signal for setting the drive frequency low. This is sent to the frequency control unit ex512. Then, in the drive frequency control unit ex512, the drive frequency is set to be lower than that in the case where the video data is generated by the encoding method or apparatus described in the above embodiments.
  • the power saving effect can be further enhanced by changing the voltage applied to the LSI ex500 or the device including the LSI ex500 in conjunction with the switching of the driving frequency. For example, when the drive frequency is set low, it is conceivable that the voltage applied to the LSI ex500 or the device including the LSI ex500 is set low as compared with the case where the drive frequency is set high.
  • the setting method of the driving frequency may be set to a high driving frequency when the processing amount at the time of decoding is large, and to a low driving frequency when the processing amount at the time of decoding is small. It is not limited to the method.
  • the amount of processing for decoding video data compliant with the MPEG4-AVC standard is larger than the amount of processing for decoding video data generated by the moving picture encoding method or apparatus described in the above embodiments. It is conceivable that the setting of the driving frequency is reversed to that in the case described above.
  • the method for setting the drive frequency is not limited to the configuration in which the drive frequency is lowered.
  • the voltage applied to the LSIex500 or the apparatus including the LSIex500 is set high.
  • the driving of the CPU ex502 is stopped.
  • the CPU ex502 is temporarily stopped because there is room in processing. Is also possible. Even when the identification information indicates that the video data is generated by the moving image encoding method or apparatus described in each of the above embodiments, if there is a margin for processing, the CPU ex502 is temporarily driven. It can also be stopped. In this case, it is conceivable to set the stop time shorter than in the case where the video data conforms to the conventional standards such as MPEG-2, MPEG4-AVC, and VC-1.
  • a plurality of video data that conforms to different standards may be input to the above-described devices and systems such as a television and a mobile phone.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 of the LSI ex500 needs to support a plurality of standards in order to be able to decode even when a plurality of video data complying with different standards is input.
  • the signal processing unit ex507 corresponding to each standard is used individually, there is a problem that the circuit scale of the LSI ex500 increases and the cost increases.
  • a decoding processing unit for executing the moving picture decoding method shown in each of the above embodiments and a decoding conforming to a standard such as MPEG-2, MPEG4-AVC, or VC-1
  • the processing unit is partly shared.
  • An example of this configuration is shown as ex900 in FIG.
  • the moving picture decoding method shown in each of the above embodiments and the moving picture decoding method compliant with the MPEG4-AVC standard are processed in processes such as entropy coding, inverse quantization, deblocking filter, and motion compensation. Some contents are common.
  • the decoding processing unit ex902 corresponding to the MPEG4-AVC standard is shared, and for the other processing content unique to the present invention not corresponding to the MPEG4-AVC standard, the dedicated decoding processing unit ex901 is used.
  • Configuration is conceivable.
  • a dedicated decoding processing unit ex901 is used for management of parameters used for inverse quantization, and other entropy codes are used. It is conceivable to share a decoding processing unit for any of the processing, deblocking filter, motion compensation, or all processing.
  • the decoding processing unit for executing the moving picture decoding method described in each of the above embodiments is shared, and the processing content specific to the MPEG4-AVC standard As for, a configuration using a dedicated decoding processing unit may be used.
  • ex1000 in FIG. 41B shows another example in which processing is partially shared.
  • a dedicated decoding processing unit ex1001 corresponding to processing content unique to the present invention
  • a dedicated decoding processing unit ex1002 corresponding to processing content specific to other conventional standards
  • a moving picture decoding method of the present invention A common decoding processing unit ex1003 corresponding to processing contents common to other conventional video decoding methods is used.
  • the dedicated decoding processing units ex1001 and ex1002 are not necessarily specialized in the processing content specific to the present invention or other conventional standards, and may be capable of executing other general-purpose processing.
  • the configuration of the present embodiment can be implemented by LSI ex500.
  • the circuit scale of the LSI is reduced, and the cost is reduced. It is possible to reduce.
  • the present invention has the effect of preventing image quality deterioration and sufficiently improving the encoding efficiency, and can be used for various purposes such as storage, transmission, and communication.
  • the present invention can be used for high-resolution information display devices and imaging devices such as televisions, digital video recorders, car navigation systems, mobile phones, digital cameras, and digital video cameras, and has high utility value.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de codage d'image qui code des données d'image et par lequel : des blocs à coder sont quantifiés (S110) à l'aide d'une première matrice de quantification lorsque les blocs à coder contenus dans les données d'image sont des données d'image balayées progressivement et à l'aide d'une seconde matrice de quantification différente de la première matrice de quantification lorsque les blocs à coder sont des données d'image qui ont été balayées par trames ; un flux codé est généré (S120) par codage des blocs de codage quantifiés ; et la première matrice de quantification et/ou la seconde matrice de quantification sont introduites dans le flux codé (S130).
PCT/JP2012/000095 2011-01-12 2012-01-10 Procédé de codage d'image, procédé de décodage d'image, dispositif de codage d'image et dispositif de décodage d'image WO2012096156A1 (fr)

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JP2016507991A (ja) * 2013-01-22 2016-03-10 マイクロソフト テクノロジー ライセンシング，エルエルシー デインタレース後のサイド情報ベースの垂直彩度フィルタリング

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JPH0496474A (ja) * 1990-08-10 1992-03-27 Ricoh Co Ltd 画像データ圧縮方式
JP2007520948A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2007-07-26 松下電器産業株式会社 画像符号化方法、画像復号化方法、画像符号化装置、画像復号化装置およびプログラム
JP2010213063A (ja) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 動画像符号化装置及び動画像復号装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0496474A (ja) * 1990-08-10 1992-03-27 Ricoh Co Ltd 画像データ圧縮方式
JP2007520948A (ja) * 2004-01-20 2007-07-26 松下電器産業株式会社 画像符号化方法、画像復号化方法、画像符号化装置、画像復号化装置およびプログラム
JP2010213063A (ja) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 動画像符号化装置及び動画像復号装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016507991A (ja) * 2013-01-22 2016-03-10 マイクロソフト テクノロジー ライセンシング，エルエルシー デインタレース後のサイド情報ベースの垂直彩度フィルタリング

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