WO2012095028A1 - 电动剪枝机 - Google Patents

电动剪枝机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012095028A1
WO2012095028A1 PCT/CN2012/070358 CN2012070358W WO2012095028A1 WO 2012095028 A1 WO2012095028 A1 WO 2012095028A1 CN 2012070358 W CN2012070358 W CN 2012070358W WO 2012095028 A1 WO2012095028 A1 WO 2012095028A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
auxiliary member
pruning machine
electric pruning
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/070358
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张士松
钟红风
吴宇
高振东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2011100083424A external-priority patent/CN102577844B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2011100083532A external-priority patent/CN102577845A/zh
Application filed by Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd filed Critical Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Publication of WO2012095028A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012095028A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
    • A01G3/02—Secateurs; Flower or fruit shears
    • A01G3/033—Secateurs; Flower or fruit shears having motor-driven blades
    • A01G3/0335—Secateurs; Flower or fruit shears having motor-driven blades having elongated or extended handles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric pruning machine.
  • the structure of the electric pruning machine mainly uses two blades to reciprocate to shear, and the function is to cut branches of trees, branches and leaves of flowers, etc.
  • the work intensity is lowered and the work is improved.
  • a pruning knife disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 99213524.9 which uses a fixed blade and a fixed blade to reciprocate the front and rear moving blades to form a shearing edge, so that the cut branches are not easily slipped out of the cutting edge.
  • the moving and fixed blades are in a linear motion state, which does not increase the volume of the whole machine, and it is convenient to cut a single branch from the bush.
  • an electric pruning machine comprising a longitudinally extending housing; a motor located in the housing and providing a rotary output; a transmission mechanism connecting the motor; being driven by the transmission mechanism a first auxiliary member; a second auxiliary member connected to the housing; a receiving space at least partially receiving the workpiece between the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member, at least one of the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member a cutting blade,
  • the transmission mechanism includes a motion conversion mechanism for driving the first auxiliary member to move relative to the second auxiliary member to cut the workpiece, wherein the transmission mechanism further comprises a rotary impact mechanism, and when the load reaches a certain preset value, the rotary impact mechanism drives the motor The rotary output is converted to a rotary shock output and transmitted to the motion conversion mechanism.
  • the transmission mechanism comprises an intermediate shaft connected to the motor, and the rotary impact mechanism comprises a passive impact block connected to the motion conversion mechanism and an active impact block rotating relative to the passive impact block, and the active impact block can be phased
  • the intermediate shaft moves axially.
  • the active impact block is sleeved on the intermediate shaft, the active impact block has a first impact step, the passive impact block has a second impact step, and the second impact step abuts or disengages from the first impact step, thereby causing the active impact block Relative to the passive impact block or rotating.
  • the second auxiliary member is fixedly coupled to the housing.
  • the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member form a shearing edge having an opening whose direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal extending direction.
  • the cutting blade is disposed on the second auxiliary member.
  • the cutting blade is disposed on the first auxiliary member, and the cutting blade has an oblique angle with respect to the longitudinal extending direction.
  • the motion converting mechanism includes a screw that connects the rotary impact mechanism and a nut that is sleeved on the screw and fixedly connected to the first auxiliary member, and the screw drives the nut to move axially.
  • the electric pruning machine comprises a retractable extension handle provided at the rear end of the housing.
  • the electric pruning machine has a detachable inner battery pack, and the voltage of the inner battery pack is 10. 8 volts.
  • the workpiece has a diameter ranging from 0 to 95 mm.
  • the distance from the cutting edge to the end of the extended handle is greater than 4 meters.
  • the electric pruning machine further includes an elongated tube connecting the housing, and the switch for controlling the activation of the motor is located at an end of the elongated tube away from the cutting edge.
  • the distance from the cutting edge to the switch is greater than 2 meters.
  • the housing includes a first housing that houses the transmission mechanism and a second housing that houses the battery pack, and the extension tube is disposed between the first housing and the second housing.
  • the housing includes a first housing that houses the transmission mechanism, a second housing that houses the battery pack, and a grip portion that is provided with a switch that controls the activation of the motor.
  • the first housing and the second housing are both disposed on the elongated tube.
  • the grip is located on the other side of the elongated tube.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a pruning machine which is stable in cutting and strong in cutting ability.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a pruning machine comprising a longitudinally extending housing; a motor located in the housing and providing a rotary output; a transmission mechanism connecting the motor; An auxiliary member; a second auxiliary member connected to the housing; a receiving space at least partially receiving the workpiece between the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member, wherein at least one of the first auxiliary member and the second auxiliary member is disposed Cutting the cutting edge; the transmission mechanism includes a motion converting mechanism that drives the first auxiliary member to move relative to the second auxiliary member to cut the workpiece, wherein the first auxiliary member pivotally moves relative to the second auxiliary member about the first pivoting axis.
  • the motion converting mechanism includes a screw and a nut that is sleeved to the screw, one of the screw and the nut being driven to rotate by the motor, and the other of the screw and the nut linearly reciprocating to drive the first auxiliary member.
  • the pruning machine comprises a support frame located in the housing and supporting the motion conversion mechanism.
  • the support frame is provided with guiding means extending in the longitudinal direction, and the guiding means are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the screw.
  • the guiding means comprises a guide pin provided on the nut, the guide pin moving within the guide rail on the support frame.
  • the motion converting mechanism further includes a connecting rod having one end connected to the nut and the other end connected to the first auxiliary member via the second pivoting shaft.
  • the motion converting mechanism includes a rack that couples the nut and a gear that mates with the rack, the first auxiliary member having the face gear meshing with the gear.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes a rotary impact mechanism that converts the rotational output of the motor into a rotational shock output and transmits it to the motion conversion mechanism when the load reaches a predetermined value.
  • the pruning machine further includes a battery pack, and the battery pack, the motor, the transmission mechanism, the first auxiliary member, and the second auxiliary member are disposed along the same axis.
  • the motor and the motion conversion mechanism are all located within the housing.
  • the pruning machine has a detachable inner battery pack, and the battery pack has a voltage of 10. 8 volts.
  • the electric pruning machine transmission mechanism comprises a rotary impact mechanism capable of providing a rotary impact output to the first auxiliary component, thereby cutting the electric pruning machine under the same dynamic conditions Greatly improve.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electric pruning machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the pivoting of the grip portion of the electric pruning machine shown in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the electric pruning machine of Figure 1 with a portion of the housing removed.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing the rotary impact mechanism of the electric pruning machine shown in Fig. 1 with a part of the casing removed.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the motion converting mechanism of the front end of the casing of the electric pruning machine shown in Fig. 1 with a part of the casing removed.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the cutting blade of the electric pruning machine of the second embodiment of the present invention mounted on the second auxiliary member.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the cutting of the branches when the first aid of the electric pruning machine has a cutting edge.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the cutting of the branches when the second aid of the electric pruning machine has a cutting edge.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing the rotation of the first auxiliary member of the electric pruning machine of the third embodiment of the present invention with respect to the second auxiliary member.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the rotation of the first auxiliary member of the electric pruning machine of the fourth embodiment of the present invention with respect to the second auxiliary member.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of an electric pruning machine having an extended handle according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of an electric pruning machine according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view of an electric pruning machine of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of an electric pruning machine according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 An electric pruning machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • Electric pruning machine 1 A housing 2 extending in one direction.
  • the casing 1 has a front end 21 and a rear end 22 in the longitudinal direction.
  • a grip portion 12 for gripping is provided at the rear end 22 of the casing 1.
  • the grip 12 can be arranged to be rotated at an angle relative to the housing 2.
  • a rotating shaft 15 is disposed between the casing 1 and the grip portion 12, and the grip portion 12 is rotatable about the rotating shaft 15.
  • the preferred grip portion 12 is rotated at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees. This makes it easy to cut the branches in the corners.
  • the rear end 22 of the casing 2 is also provided with a switch 13 for starting the electric pruning machine 1.
  • the position of the switch 13 can be set at any position suitable for operation of the housing 1, as long as the position of the switch 13 is set to facilitate the operator to activate the switch 13.
  • the cutting edge 5 is located at the front end 21 of the casing 2, and is mainly used for placing a workpiece such as a branch to be cut, and keeping the workpiece to be cut relatively fixed during the cutting process.
  • a motor 3 that provides a rotational output is provided inside the housing 2.
  • the motor 3 can be a direct current motor or an alternating current motor.
  • the motor 3 can rotate in the forward direction and in the reverse direction.
  • the switch 13 also has a bidirectional control mechanism that can control the forward or reverse rotation of the motor 3.
  • the front end 21 of the casing 2 has a shearing edge 5 which is disposed outside the casing 2.
  • Motor 3 has a horse
  • the shaft 31 is used for outputting power.
  • the battery pack 32 supplies power to the motor while the battery pack 32 is disposed at the rear end 22 of the casing 2.
  • the battery pack 32 is detachably disposed on the housing 1.
  • the battery pack 32 is preferably a lithium battery pack, which is more environmentally friendly and has more and more applications. It has been experimentally proved that when the voltage of the battery pack 32 is 7 volts to 18 volts, the battery pack 32 can provide sufficient power to cut the branches of the pruning machine 1 without making the battery pack 32 itself too large to be reduced. Operability. 8 ⁇ The voltage of the battery pack 32 is 10. 8 volts.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 is connected to the motor shaft 31 in the casing 1.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 mainly functions to transmit power, and transmits the power generated by the motor 3 to the shearing blade 5, thereby cutting the workpiece located at the cutting blade 5.
  • the cutting edge 5 is mainly formed by the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 and the second auxiliary member 8 have a receiving space at least partially for receiving the workpiece.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 is located at the front end 21 of the casing 1 and is fixedly coupled to the casing 1.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 may be integrally formed with the housing 1 or may be connected to the housing 2 by a common fixing means such as a bolt. As shown in FIG.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 has a substantially U-shaped semi-closed structure, and one side of the semi-closed structure has an opening 81 communicating with the outside, and the other three sides have a function of blocking the outside.
  • the opening 81 and a portion of the arm 82 are located outside the housing 2.
  • the direction of the opening 81 is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension.
  • the opening 81 is located at the lower end of the second auxiliary member 8.
  • the opening 81 can be located at the upper end of the second auxiliary member 8.
  • the center of the second auxiliary member 8 is a housing portion 83 which can accommodate the hollow of the object to be cut.
  • the accommodating portion 83 communicates with the outside, so that the workpiece can partially pass through the accommodating portion 83 in a direction perpendicular to the cross section.
  • the sizing hook 84 is provided on the arm 82 of the second auxiliary member 8.
  • the sizing hooks 84 are laterally disposed at the opening 81, so that the branches which are thicker than the cutting ability are prevented from entering the accommodating portion 83, thereby preventing the branches from being caught in the second auxiliary member 8.
  • the battery pack 32, the transmission mechanism 4, the first auxiliary member 9, and the second auxiliary member 8 are sequentially disposed along the same axis 611.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 is connected to the motor 3 at one end and to the cutting edge 5 at the front end 21 at the other end.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 mainly includes a rotary impact mechanism 6 and a motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 including the rotary impact mechanism 6 and the motion conversion mechanism 7 is housed in the same casing 2 as the motor 3.
  • the rotary impact mechanism 6 and the motion conversion mechanism 7 are sequentially arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the rotary impact mechanism 6-end It is connected to the motor 3 and the other end is connected to the motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • the rotary impact mechanism 6 converts the rotational output of the motor 3 into a rotational impact output and transmits it to the motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • One end of the motion converting mechanism 7 is connected to the rotary impact mechanism 6, and the other end is connected to the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 drives the first auxiliary member 9 to move relative to the second auxiliary member 8 to cut the workpiece.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 includes an intermediate shaft 61 extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • the direction of the axis 611 of the intermediate shaft 61 coincides with the direction in which the longitudinal direction extends.
  • the intermediate shaft 61 is coupled to the motor shaft 31 via a planetary transmission gear set 33, which is a conventional power transmission mechanism in the art, typically including a planetary gear 34 and a sun gear 35 and thereby changing the gear ratio. I will not repeat them here.
  • the rotary impact mechanism 6 includes an active impact block 62.
  • the active impact block 62 is movably sleeved on the intermediate shaft 61, and the active impact block 62 can produce circumferential and axial movement relative to the intermediate shaft 61.
  • the active impact block 62 has a first side 621 and a second side 622, the first side 621 and the second side 622 being opposite each other. And the first side 621 and the second side 622 are substantially perpendicular to the axis 611. Further, the intermediate shaft 61 is also fitted with an elastic member 64 as a biasing member. In the present embodiment, the elastic member 64 is a spring. Of course, other forms of elastic members are also possible.
  • the first end 641 of the resilient member 64 abuts against the active impact block 62.
  • the second end 642 of the resilient member 64 abuts against the stop 23.
  • the stopper 23 is fixedly coupled to the housing 2 and provides a supporting force to the elastic member 64.
  • the first side 621 of the active impact block 62 is provided with a fixing member 623 for fixing the first end 641 of the elastic member 64.
  • the elastic member 64 is disposed between the housing 1 and the active impact block 62.
  • the elastic member 64 has a compressed state, so that the elastic member 64 provides an elastic restoring force in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the intermediate shaft 61 to urge the active impact block 62.
  • the active impact block 62 is formed with a cam groove 65a on the surface of the intermediate shaft 61, and a cam groove 65b is formed on the surface of the intermediate shaft 61.
  • the cam groove 65a and the cam groove 65b are disposed correspondingly.
  • the rolling member 66 is disposed between the cam groove 65a and the cam groove 65b, and the rolling member 66 is rotatable in the direction of the axis 611.
  • the rolling member 66 here is a steel ball.
  • a first impact step 67a is provided on the second side 622 of the active impact block 62.
  • the first striking step 67a is disposed circumferentially about the axis 611, and the first striking step 67a protrudes from the second side 622.
  • the rotary impact mechanism 6 further includes a passive impact block 63.
  • the passive impact block 63 is connected to the motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • the passive impact mass 63 and the active impact mass 62 are capable of relative rotation.
  • the passive impact block 63 is provided with a second impact step 67b, a second impact step 67b and an active impact block 62.
  • the first impacting steps 67a correspond to each other, and the two can abut each other, thereby transmitting power to the motion converting mechanism 7 by the transmission action of the active impact block 62 and the passive impact block 63.
  • the motor 3 When the start switch 13 is pressed, the motor 3 generates a rotary output to drive the intermediate shaft 61 to rotate, and the intermediate shaft 61 drives the active impact block 62 to rotate with the intermediate shaft 61 through the rolling member 66.
  • the first striking step 67a on the active impact block 62 abuts against the second striking step 67b on the passive impact block 63, thereby causing the active impact block 62 and the passive impact block 63 to be relatively stationary.
  • the active impact block 62 drives the passive impact block 63 to rotate. The power is then transmitted to the motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • the active impact block 62 Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 64, the active impact block 62 is rapidly moved axially toward the passive impact block 63, while the active impact block 62 is relatively passive about the axis 611 due to the movement of the rolling member 66 within the cam grooves 65a, 65b.
  • the impact block 63 is rotated. Thereby, the active impact block 62 generates a rotational impact on the passive impact block 63, and a moment of the rotational shock can generate a large dynamic torque to overcome the resistance load acting on the passive impact block 63.
  • the rotary impact mechanism 6 converts the rotational output of the motor 3 into a rotational shock output and transmits it to the motion conversion mechanism 7.
  • the electric pruning machine 1 can provide a larger cutting force, thereby improving the cutting ability.
  • the cutting ability of the electric pruning machine 1 having the rotary impact mechanism 6 is significantly higher than that of the electric pruning machine 1 having no impact mechanism 6 under the same power input conditions. Improvement.
  • the maximum diameter of the workpiece that can be cut by the electric pruning machine 1 ranges from 0 to 95 mm, and when the voltage of the battery pack 32 installed in the electric pruning machine 1 is 10.8 volts, the maximum diameter of the workpiece that can be cut is in the range of 0 to 65 mm.
  • the maximum diameter of the cutting workpiece of the electric pruning machine 1 is not less than 10 mm.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 is located between the rotary impact mechanism 6 and the second auxiliary member 8.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 mainly includes a screw 71 and a nut 72.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 and the motor 3 are both located in the housing 2.
  • the screw 71 extends axially, and one end is connected to the passive impact block 63 to transmit the kinetic energy of the passive impact block 63 to the screw 71.
  • the screw 71 is rotatable about the axis 611 by the rotation of the impact mechanism 6, but does not cause axial movement.
  • the screw 71 is supported on the support frame 73.
  • the support frame 73 extends substantially along the axis 611.
  • the support frame 73 may be integrally formed with the housing 2 or may be fixedly coupled to the housing 2 by a common fixing form such as a screw.
  • the support frame 73 is provided with a guide groove 74 extending along the axis 611.
  • the screw 71 is disposed in the guide groove 74, and the length of the guide groove 74 is not less than the length of the screw 71.
  • the guide groove 74 herein may be in the form of a groove or a groove.
  • One end of the guiding groove 74 is provided with a fixing member 75, and the fixing member 75 may be fixed to the support frame 73 by screws, or may be integrally formed on the support frame 73.
  • the fixing member 75 has a ring shape to allow the screw 71 to pass therethrough, and a ball bearing is provided in the fixing member 75 to support the screw 71.
  • the screw 71 is provided with an external thread 711.
  • the support frame 73 is further provided with a guide rail 76 parallel to the extending direction of the guide groove 74.
  • the guide rail 76 may also be in the form of a groove or a through groove.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 can also be fixedly mounted on the support frame 73 by a common fixing form such as a screw.
  • the number of the guide rails 76 is one and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the guide groove 74.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of guide rails, and other forms of guiding means are also possible, such as guide slots.
  • the nut 72 has a nut sleeve 721 sleeved on the screw 71.
  • the nut sleeve 721 is internally threaded.
  • the internal thread and the external thread 711 are engaged with each other so that the nut 72 can move along the screw 71. Thereby, the rotational motion of the screw 71 is converted into the nut 72 to move in the axial direction of the screw 71.
  • An extension block 723 is also provided on the nut 72.
  • the number of the extension blocks 723 is two, symmetrically disposed on the radial sides of the nut sleeve 721.
  • a guide pin 724 is provided on each of the extension blocks 723.
  • the guide pin 724 can also be disposed directly on the nut sleeve 721, and the number of the guide pins 724 is not limited.
  • the guide pin 724 can be inserted into the guide rail 76 and moved in the direction in which the guide rail 76 extends, thereby axially moving the nut 72 along the guide rail 76.
  • Guide pin 724 and guide rail 76 constitutes a guiding device.
  • the guiding device also includes other components.
  • a first auxiliary member 9 is also fixedly coupled to the nut 72.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 is fixedly coupled to the extension block 723 on the nut 72 by a conventional fixing member such as a screw, so that the first auxiliary member 9 moves linearly with the nut 72.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 extends substantially in the longitudinal direction and is driven by the motor 3 and the transmission mechanism 4.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 is provided with a receiving groove 91 accommodating a part of the screw 71 on the side facing the rear end and the motor 3.
  • the extending direction of the accommodating groove 91 coincides with the extending direction of the screw 71.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 is fixedly mounted on the support frame 73, and a through hole through which the first auxiliary member 9 can pass is formed between the second auxiliary member 8 and the support frame 73.
  • a gear member 80 is provided on the blocking arm 82 of the second auxiliary member 8 and on the fixing member 75, respectively, and the defining nut 72 is located between the two gear members 80. The gear member 80 is caused to restrict the movement of the nut 72, and the nut 72 is not detached from the screw 71.
  • the shearing edge 5 is mainly formed by the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 is fixedly mounted on the casing 1 or the support frame 73.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9 are coupled by the first pivoting shaft 78 such that the first auxiliary member 9 is rotatable relative to the second auxiliary member 8 about the first pivoting shaft 78.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 and the second auxiliary member 8 constitute a scissors-like structure.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 is further provided with a second pivot shaft 79.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 includes a screw 71, a nut 72, and a tie rod 77.
  • the arrangement of the screw 71 and the nut 72 is similar to the previous embodiment and will not be described here.
  • One end of the tie rod 77 is coupled to the nut 72, and the other end is coupled to the first auxiliary member 9 via the second pivot shaft 79.
  • the nut 72 moves linearly along the screw 71 and pushes the lever 77.
  • the pull rod 77 pulls the first auxiliary member 9 through the second pivot shaft 79 to rotate the first auxiliary member 9 about the first pivot shaft 78.
  • the shearing edge 5 likewise has a second auxiliary part 8 and a first auxiliary part 9.
  • the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9 are connected by a first pivot shaft 78.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 is provided with a face tooth 92.
  • the motion converting mechanism 7 includes a screw 71, a nut 72, a rack 93, and a gear 94.
  • the rack 93 is fixedly attached to the nut 72 and along The axis 611 extends.
  • the circumferential surface of the rack 93 has helical teeth and meshes with the gear 94.
  • the gear 94 is in mesh with the face tooth 92 on the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the nut 72 moves linearly along the screw 71 and urges the rack 93 to move linearly.
  • the linear movement of the rack 93 causes the gear 94 meshing therewith to rotate, and the gear 94 drives the first auxiliary member 9 to rotate about the first pivot shaft 78.
  • the rotational output of the motor 3 is converted into the rotational movement of the first auxiliary member 9 relative to the second auxiliary member 8 by the motion converting mechanism 7.
  • the cutting blade 5 composed of the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9 is further provided with a cutting blade 10 for cutting the workpiece.
  • the cutting blade 10 can be mounted on the second auxiliary member 8 or on the first auxiliary member 9, or the cutting blade 10 can be simultaneously provided on the second auxiliary member 8 and the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the cutting blade 10 is disposed on the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the cutting blade 10 can be integrally formed or fixedly connected to the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the cutting portion 101 on the cutting blade 10 has a certain inclination angle with respect to the longitudinal direction. Specifically, the sizing hooks 84 of the cutting portion 101 toward the second auxiliary member 8 extend.
  • the cutting edge 10 is fixedly disposed on the blocking arm 82 of the second auxiliary member 8, and the cutting portion 101 faces the first auxiliary member 9.
  • the advantages of setting the cutting blade 10 in this way are: The cutting of the branches is the downward pressing of the electric pruning machine 1 due to work habits, and the gravity G of the branches will be pressed against the first auxiliary member 9 during the cutting process. Therefore, it is easy to avoid the abrasion of the cutting blade 10 by the gravity pressing on the cutting blade 10.
  • the object In normal operation, the object is placed in the cutting edge 5, and then the switch 13 is pressed to control the forward rotation of the motor 3 to drive the screw 71 to rotate about the axis 611.
  • the screw 71 drives the nut 72 engaged therewith to move toward the front end 21 along the axis 611.
  • the first auxiliary member 9 is moved toward the second auxiliary member 8, so that the object located at the cutting edge 5 is gripped and cut by the cutting blade 10 of the cutting blade 5, and the motor 3 is caused by the existence of the rotary impact mechanism 6.
  • the power provided can overcome the large resistance and easily cut the object.
  • the switch 13 controls the motor 3 to reverse, and the nut 72 is moved along the axis 611 toward the rear end 22, thereby moving the first auxiliary member 9 away from the second auxiliary member 8 to reopen the opening 81.
  • a new round of cutting work can be performed.
  • FIG 12 is a schematic view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric pruning machine 1 also includes a motor (not shown), a transmission mechanism 4 for connecting the motor, and a shearing blade 5 on which a cutting blade is provided.
  • the main difference compared to the electric pruning machine shown in Fig. 1 is that in the present embodiment, the electric pruning machine 1 further includes an elongated tube 16.
  • the housing 1 includes a detachable first housing 24 and a second housing 25.
  • the transmission mechanism 4 is housed in the first housing 24 and disposed adjacent to the shearing knife edge 5.
  • the battery pack 32 is housed in the second housing 25 and is located at the end of the electric pruning machine 1, i.e., the end remote from the cutting edge.
  • the first housing 24 and the second housing 25 are spaced apart by a certain distance.
  • the elongated tube 16 is located between the first housing 24 and the second housing 25, and connects the first housing 24 and the second housing 25, respectively.
  • One end of the elongated tube 16 has a coupling mechanism that mates with the first housing 24 to enable the end to be coupled to the first housing 24.
  • the other end of the elongated tube 16 has a coupling mechanism that mates with the second housing 25 to enable the end to be coupled to the second housing 25.
  • the second housing 25 is further provided with a grip portion 12 for the user to hold the electric pruning machine 1, so that the grip portion 12 is closer to the cutting blade from the electric pruning machine shown in FIG. Move to a location far from the cutting edge.
  • the inside of the elongated tube 16 is a hollow structure, and a connecting wire is laid in the hollow structure.
  • a switch 13 is provided on the second housing 25. Switch 13 can be used to control the activation or deactivation of the motor. The switch 13 can also control the rotational speed of the motor.
  • the elongate tube 16 has a length such that the distance between the switch 13 and the cutting edge is greater than the average person's span, and preferably may be more than 2 meters. In this way, while ensuring safety, the cutting height of the electric pruning machine can be improved.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric pruning machine 1 of this embodiment is similar to the electric pruning machine 1 shown in FIG. 12, and the main difference is that, in this embodiment, the second housing 25 accommodating the battery pack 32 and the second housing accommodating mechanism 4 A housing 24 is mated to each other.
  • the elongated tube is coupled to the second housing 25 by a connecting structure, and the preferred connecting structure may include a snap and a snap-fit structure.
  • the first housing 24 and the second housing 25 are located on the same side of the elongated tube 16, and the other side of the elongated tube 16 is provided with a switch 13 for electrically controlling the motor activation and for holding the electric pruning machine 1 Grip portion 12.
  • a control circuit for electrically connecting the switch 13, the switch 13, located on the first housing 24, and the motor is provided.
  • the switch 13 When the switch 13 is activated, the switch 13 on the first housing 24 is broken, and the switch 13' loses control of the motor activation. This purpose increases the distance between the switch 13 that controls the motor start and the cutting edge, improving operational safety.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electric pruning machine 1 of this embodiment is similar to the electric pruning machine 1 shown in FIG. 13, the main difference being that the second housing 25 accommodating the battery pack 32 and the first housing 24 accommodating the transmission mechanism 4 are matched with each other. Connected, and the cutting edge is located in the elongated tube On one side of the 16th, the first housing 24 and the second housing 25 are located on the other side of the elongated tube 16.
  • the elongate tube 16 has a coupling mechanism and a shearing knife edge 5 for mating with the first housing 24.
  • the switch 13 and the grip 12 thus located on the housing 1 are also in a position away from the cutting edge.
  • a retractable extension handle 14 can be attached to the rear end 22 of the housing of the electric pruning machine 1.
  • the extension handle 14 includes a first extension tube 141, a second extension tube 142, and a connection assembly 143 between the first extension tube 141 and the second extension tube 142.
  • the upper end of the first extension pipe 141 may be screwed to the rear end 22 of the casing 2.
  • the connecting assembly 143 includes a locking sleeve 144 mounted in the upper end of the second extension tube 142, and a coupling sleeve 145 mounted at the lower end of the first extension tube 141.
  • the locking sleeve 144 and the connecting sleeve 145 are connected by a thread.
  • the lock sleeve 144 has a tapered hole structure with a gradually decreasing radius.
  • the lock sleeve 144 presses the joint sleeve 145 to fix the first extension tube 141 and the second extension tube 142.
  • a switch 13 and a detachable battery pack 32 are provided at the lower end of the second extension pipe 142.
  • Extension handle 14 In addition to the above-mentioned telescopic adjustment type, it is also possible to use the sectional disassembly type.
  • the extension handles can also be attached to the elongate tube 16, respectively, which further increases the cutting capability of the pruning machine.
  • the end of the handle is extended to shear
  • the distance of the cutting edge of the knife edge 5 is greater than 4 meters, which further improves safety.
  • the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment structures, and the structures based on the inventive concept are all within the scope of the present invention.

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Description

电动剪枝机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动剪枝机。
背景技术
目前， 电动剪枝机的结构主要利用两把刀片相对往复运动来进行剪切， 其 作用是剪切树木的枝条、 花的枝叶等， 相较于人力的修枝剪刀， 具有降低工作 强度、 提高工作效率、 提高工作安全的特点。 如中国专利号为 99213524.9公开 的一种剪枝刀， 其釆用定刀片和相对定刀片作前、 后往复运动的动刀片构成剪 切刀口， 因此被剪切的树枝不易从刀口中滑出， 同时动、 定刀片工作时处于直 线运动状态， 不会额外增大整机体积， 便于从树丛中剪切单根枝条。
然而， 这种剪枝机存在不足。 该种剪枝机的动刀片通过弹簧的弹力驱动， 剪切枝条时需人工操作推动动刀片克服弹簧弹力以张开刀口， 然后再利用弹簧 回复力带动动刀片复位进行枝条剪切， 该过程操作麻烦费力， 劳动强度大， 人 很容易疲劳， 大大影响工作效率。 只能剪切比较细小的枝条， 在遇到剪切比较 粗的枝条时， 弹簧弹力不足以产生很高的剪切力， 导致无法剪切， 使工作可靠 性大大降低。 因此市场迫切需要一种具有较大切割能力的剪枝机。
发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的目的在于提供一种具有较大切割能力的电动剪枝机。 本发明解决现有技术问题所釆用的技术方案是： 一种电动剪枝机， 包括纵 向延伸的壳体； 位于壳体内并提供旋转输出的马达； 连接马达的传动机构； 由 传动机构驱动的第一辅助件； 与壳体连接的第二辅助件； 第一辅助件与 第二辅 助件之间具有至少部分收容工件的收容空间， 第一辅助件和第二辅助件中的至 少一个上设有切割刀刃， 传动机构包括驱动第一辅助件相对第二辅助件移动以 切割工件的运动转换机构， 其中传动机构还包括旋转冲击机构， 当负载达到一 定预设值时， 旋转冲击机构将马达的旋转输出转化为旋转冲击输出并传递给运 动转换机构。
优选地， 传动机构包括与马达连接的中间轴， 旋转冲击机构包括连接运动 转换机构的被动冲击块和相对被动冲击块旋转的主动冲击块， 主动冲击块可相 对中间轴轴向移动。
优选地， 主动冲击块套于中间轴上， 主动冲击块具有第一撞击台阶， 被动 冲击块具有第二撞击台阶， 第二撞击台阶与第一撞击台阶抵接或脱开， 从而使 主动冲击块与被动冲击块相对静止或转动。
优选地， 中间轴上设有第一凹槽； 主动冲击块上设有第二凹槽， 旋转冲击 机构还包括同时部分地容纳于第一凹槽与第二凹槽的滚动件和抵接于主动冲击 块与壳体之间的偏压件。
优选地， 第二辅助件与壳体固定连接。
优选地， 第一辅助件与第二辅助件形成具有开口的剪切刀口， 开口的方向 与纵向延伸方向垂直。
优选地， 切割刀刃设置于第二辅助件上。
优选地， 切割刀刃设置于第一辅助件上， 并且切割刀刃与纵向延伸方向具 有倾斜角度。
优选地， 运动转换机构包括连接旋转冲击机构的螺杆和套接在螺杆上并固 定连接第一辅助件的螺母， 螺杆带动螺母作轴向移动。
优选地， 电动剪枝机包括设于壳体后端的可伸缩的延长手柄。
优选地， 电动剪枝机具有可拆卸的裡电池包， 所述裡电池包的电压为 1 0. 8 伏。
优选地， 工件的直径范围为 0至 95毫米。
优选地， 切割刀刃至延长手柄末端的距离大于 4米。
优选地， 电动剪枝机还包括连接壳体的伸长管， 控制马达启动的开关位于 伸长管的远离切割刀刃的一端。
优选地， 切割刀刃到开关的距离大于 2米。
优选地， 壳体包括收容传动机构的第一壳体和收容电池包的第二壳体， 伸 长管设于第一壳体与第二壳体之间。
优选地， 壳体包括收容传动机构的第一壳体和收容电池包的第二壳体以及 设置控制马达启动的开关的握持部，第一壳体与第二壳体均设于伸长管的一侧， 握持部位于伸长管的另一侧。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种切割稳定、 切割能力强的剪枝机。 本发明为解决该技术问题所釆用的技术方案是： 一种剪枝机， 包括纵向延 伸的壳体； 位于壳体内并提供旋转输出的马达； 连接马达的传动机构； 由传动 机构驱动的第一辅助件； 与壳体连接的第二辅助件； 第一辅助件与第二辅助件 之间具有至少部分收容工件的收容空间， 第一辅助件和第二辅助件中的至少一 个上设有切割刀刃； 传动机构包括驱动第一辅助件相对第二辅助件移动以切割 工件的运动转换机构， 其中第一辅助件相对第二辅助件绕第一枢转轴作枢转运 动。
优选地， 运动转换机构包括螺杆和套接于螺杆的螺母， 螺杆和螺母中的其 中之一被马达驱动转动， 螺杆和螺母中的另一个作直线往复运动来驱动第一辅 助件。
优选地， 剪枝机包括位于壳体内并支撑运动转换机构的支撑架， 支撑架上 设有沿纵向延伸的导向装置， 导向装置对称的分布在螺杆的两侧。
优选地， 导向装置包括设于螺母上的导向销， 导向销在位于支撑架上的导 轨内移动。
优选地， 运动转换机构还包括连杆， 连杆的一端连接螺母， 另一端通过第 二枢转轴连接第一辅助件。
优选地， 运动转换机构包括连接螺母的齿条和与齿条配接的齿轮， 第一辅 助件具有端面齿与齿轮啮合。
优选地， 传动机构还包括旋转冲击机构， 当负载达到一定预设值时， 旋转 冲击机构将马达的旋转输出转化为旋转冲击输出并传递给运动转换机构。
优选地， 剪枝机还包括电池包， 电池包、 马达、 传动机构、 第一辅助件以 及第二辅助件沿同一轴线设置。
优选地， 马达、 运动转换机构均位于壳体内。
优选地， 剪枝机具有可拆卸的裡电池包， 裡电池包的电压为 1 0. 8伏。 与现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果为： 电动剪枝机传动机构包含旋转冲 击机构可提供旋转冲击输出给第一辅助件， 从而在相同的动力条件下， 电动剪 枝机的切割能力大大提高。
附图说明
以上所述的本发明的目的、 技术方案以及有益效果可以通过下面的能够实 现本发明的具体实施例的详细描述， 同时结合附图描述而清楚地获得。
附图以及说明书中的相同的标号和符号用于代表相同的或者等同的元件。 图 1是本发明的第一实施例的电动剪枝机的示意图。
图 2是图 1所示的电动剪枝机的握持部枢转的示意图。
图 3是图 1所示的电动剪枝机去掉部分壳体后的示意图。
图 4是图 1所示的电动剪枝机去掉部分壳体后显示出旋转冲击机构的示意 图。
图 5是图 1所示的电动剪枝机的壳体前端去掉部分壳体的显示出运动转换 机构的示意图。
图 6是本发明的第二实施例的电动剪枝机的切割刀刃安装于第二辅助件上 的示意图。
图 7是电动剪枝机的第一辅助件具有切割刀刃时切割树枝的示意图。 图 8是电动剪枝机的第二辅助件具有切割刀刃时切割树枝的示意图。 图 9是本发明的第三实施例的电动剪枝机的第一辅助件相对第二辅助件转 动的示意图。
图 10 是本发明的第四实施例的电动剪枝机的第一辅助件相对第二辅助件 转动的示意图。
图 11是本发明的第五实施例的具有延长手柄的电动剪枝机的示意图。 图 12是本发明的第六实施例的电动剪枝机的示意图 °
图 13是本发明的第七实施例的电动剪枝机的示意图 <·
图 14是本发明的第八实施例的电动剪枝机的示意图 <·
1、 电动剪枝机 2、 壳体 3、 马达
4、 传动机构 5、 剪切刀口 6、 旋转冲击机
7、 运动转换机构 8、 第二辅助件 9、 第一辅助件
1 0、 切割刀刃 1 2、 握持部 1 3 , 1 3，、 开关
1 4、 延长手柄 1 5、 转轴 1 6、 伸长管
2 1、 前端 22、 2 3、 挡块
24、 第一壳体 25、 第二壳体 31、 马达轴
32、 电池包 33、 行星传动齿轮组 34、 行星齿轮 35、 太阳齿轮 61、 中间轴 62、 主动冲击块
63、 被动冲击块 64、 弹性件 65a, 凸轮槽
65b、 凸轮槽 66、 钢珠 67a、 第一撞击台
67b、 第二撞击台阶 71、 螺杆 72、 螺母
73、 支撑架 74、 引导槽 75、 固定元件
76、 导轨 77、 拉杆 78、 第一枢转轴
79、 第二枢转轴 80、 挡位件 81、 开口
82、 挡臂 83、 容纳部 84、 定径钩
91、 容纳槽 92、 端面齿 93、 齿条
94、 齿轮 101 、 切割部 141、 第一延长管
142、 第二延长管 143 、 连接组件 144、 锁套
145、 连接套 611 、 轴线 621、 第一侧面
622、 第二侧面 623 、 固定件 641、 第一端
642、 第二端 711 、 外螺紋 721、 螺母套
723、 延伸块 724 、 导向销 G、 重力
具体实施方式
如图 1 所示为本发明一实施例的电动剪枝机 1。 电动剪枝机 1 沿一 向延伸的壳体 2。 壳体 1具有沿纵长方向的前端 21和后端 22。 在壳体 1的后端 22设有用于握持的握持部 12。 握持部 12可设置为相对壳体 2转动一定角度。 如图 1 所示， 壳体 1 与握持部 12之间设有转轴 15, 握持部 12可绕该转轴 15 转动。 比较优选的握持部 12转动的角度为 0至 90度。 这样， 便于剪切角落里 的树枝。 壳体 2 的后端 22还设有开关 13用于启动电动剪枝机 1。 当然， 开关 13 的位置可以设在壳体 1 的任意一个适于操作的位置， 只要开关 13设置的位 置方便操作者启动开关 13 即可。 剪切刀口 5位于壳体 2 的前端 21, 主要用于 放置要切割的树枝等工件， 并保持要切割的工件在切割过程中相对固定。
请参照图 3和图 4所示， 在壳体 2 的内部具有提供旋转输出的马达 3。 马 达 3可以是直流马达也可以是交流马达。 马达 3可以正向旋转和反向旋转。 在 本实施例中， 开关 13还具有双向控制机构可以控制马达 3的正转或者反转。 在 壳体 2的前端 21具有剪切刀 口 5, 剪切刀口 5设置于壳体 2外。 马达 3具有马 达轴 31, 用于输出动力。 为保持电动剪枝机 1整体的体积较小， 釆用电池包 32 为马达供电， 同时电池包 32设置于壳体 2的后端 22。 电池包 32可拆卸地设置 在壳体 1上。 在本实施例中， 电池包 32优选地釆用锂电池包， 锂电池包比较环 保， 已经具有越来越多的应用场合。 经过实验证明， 电池包 32的电压为 7伏至 18伏时， 电池包 32 既可以提供足够的动力给剪枝机 1 剪切树枝， 又不会使电 池包 32 本身的体积太大以至于降低可操作性。 在最优的实施例中， 电池包 32 的电压为 10. 8伏。 当然除了本实施例中使用电池包 32供电之外， 还可以在电 动剪枝机 1上安装电线连接到交流电源供电， 此时马达 3釆用交流电马达。
如图 3和图 5所示， 在壳体 1 内连接马达轴 31 的是传动机构 4。 传动机构 4主要起传递动力的作用， 将马达 3产生的动力传递给剪切刀口 5, 从而切割位 于剪切刀口 5的工件。 剪切刀口 5主要由第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9形成。 第一辅助件 9和第二辅助件 8之间具有至少部分收容工件的收容空间。 第二辅 助件 8位于壳体 1的前端 21且与壳体 1 固定连接。 第二辅助件 8可以与壳体 1 一体设计， 也可以与壳体 2通过螺栓等常见的固定方式连接。 如图 5所示在竖 直方向的剖视图上， 第二辅助件 8 大致为 U型形状的半封闭结构， 该半封闭结 构的一侧具有开口 81 连通外界， 另外三侧具有与外界起隔断作用的挡臂 82。 开口 81及部分的挡臂 82位于壳体 2外。 开口 81 的方向垂直于纵长延伸方向。 在本实施例中， 开口 81位于第二辅助件 8 的下端。 在其他实施例中， 开口 81 可位于第二辅助件 8的上端。 第二辅助件 8的中央为可容纳待切割的物体的中 空的容纳部 83。 而在垂直该剖面的方向上， 容纳部 83连通到外界， 使工件可 沿垂直于该剖面的方向部分地穿过容纳部 83。 另外在本实施例中， 在第二辅助 件 8 的挡臂 82上设有定径钩 84。 该定径钩 84横置在开口 81 处， 这样可以防 止粗得超出切割能力的树枝进入容纳部 83,从而避免树枝卡在第二辅助件 8内。 如图 3所示， 电池包 32、 传动机构 4、 第一辅助件 9和第二辅助件 8依次沿同 一轴线 611设置。
如图 3和图 5所示， 传动机构 4一端连接马达 3, 另一端连接位于前端 21 的剪切刀口 5。 传动机构 4主要包括旋转冲击机构 6和运动转换机构 7。 包含旋 转冲击机构 6、运动转换机构 7的传动机构 4 同马达 3均收容与同一壳体 2 内。 旋转冲击机构 6和运动转换机构 7沿纵长方向依次排列， 旋转冲击机构 6—端 和马达 3相连接， 另一端和运动转换机构 7相连接。 当负载达到一定预设值时， 旋转冲击机构 6将马达 3的旋转输出转化为旋转冲击输出并传递给运动转换机 构 7。运动转换机构 7的一端和旋转冲击机构 6相连接， 另一端和第一辅助件 9 相连接。 运动转换机构 7驱动第一辅助件 9相对所述第二辅助件 8移动以切割 所述工件。
如图 5 所示， 传动机构 4 包括沿纵长方向延伸的中间轴 61。 中间轴 61 的 轴线 611方向与纵长延伸方向一致。 中间轴 61通过行星传动齿轮组 33与马达 轴 31连接， 这里的行星传动齿轮组 33是本领域内常见的动力传动机构， 通常 包括行星齿轮 34和太阳齿轮 35并借此改变传动比。 此处不再赘述。 旋转冲击 机构 6 包括主动冲击块 62。 主动冲击块 62活动地套接在中间轴 61上， 主动冲 击块 62相对于中间轴 61可以产生周向转动以及轴向移动。主动冲击块 62具有 第一侧面 621 和第二侧面 622, 第一侧面 621和第二侧面 622彼此相背对。 并 且第一侧面 621和第二侧面 622 大致垂直于轴线 611。 另外， 中间轴 61上还套 接有作为偏压件的弹性件 64。 在本实施例中， 弹性件 64是弹簧。 当然也可以 是其他形式的弹性件。 弹性件 64的第一端 641抵接到主动冲击块 62上。 弹性 件 64的第二端 642则抵接到挡块 23上。 挡块 23 固定的连接于壳体 2, 并提供 支撑力给弹性件 64。 主动冲击块 62 的第一侧面 621设有固定件 623用于固定 弹性件 64的第一端 641。 弹性件 64设在壳体 1与主动冲击块 62之间。 弹性件 64具有压缩的状态，使弹性件 64提供沿中间轴 61的轴向和周向的弹性回复力， 推动主动冲击块 62。主动冲击块 62靠近中间轴 61 的表面上形成有凸轮槽 65a, 中间轴 61 的表面上也形成有凸轮槽 65b, 凸轮槽 65a和凸轮槽 65b对应设置。 滚动件 66设置在凸轮槽 65a和凸轮槽 65b之间， 滚动件 66可以在轴线 611方 向上旋转。 这里的滚动件 66是钢球。 当然本领域技术人员应该知道滚动件也可 以是其他形式。 主动冲击块 62的第二侧面 622上设有第一撞击台阶 67a。 第一 撞击台阶 67a绕轴线 611周向的设置， 并且第一撞击台阶 67a 凸出于第二侧面 622。
如图 3和图 5所示， 旋转冲击机构 6还包括被动冲击块 63。 被动冲击块 63 连接运动转换机构 7。 被动冲击块 63与主动冲击块 62 能够产生相对旋转。 被 动冲击块 63上设有第二撞击台阶 67b, 第二撞击台阶 67b和主动冲击块 62上 的第一撞击台阶 67a 相对应， 并且两者可相互抵接， 从而通过主动冲击块 62 和被动冲击块 63的传动作用使动力传递给运动转换机构 7。
当操作着按下启动开关 13, 马达 3产生旋转输出带动中间轴 61 旋转， 中 间轴 61通过滚动件 66带动主动冲击块 62随中间轴 61—起转动。 主动冲击块 62上的第一撞击台阶 67a与被动冲击块 63上的第二撞击台阶 67b相互抵接， 从而使主动冲击块 62与被动冲击块 63相对静止。主动冲击块 62带动被动冲击 块 63—起旋转。 进而动力传递给运动转换机构 7。 当切割遇到较大的阻力使负 载变大而达到一定的预设值的时候， 被动冲击块 63 转动受阻时使主动冲击块 62相对被动冲击块 63转动， 并且无法驱动被动冲击块 63转动。 主动冲击块 62 沿轴向 611 向马达 3移动， 从而使第一撞击台阶 67a与第二撞击台阶 67b脱开 的同时主动冲击块 62 进一步挤压弹性件 64。 主动冲击块 62 与被动冲击块 63 脱开， 被动冲击块 63失去对主动冲击块 62的限制。 在弹性件 64的弹性回复力 的作用下， 主动冲击块 62迅速向被动冲击块 63轴向移动， 同时由于滚动件 66 在凸轮槽 65a、 65b 内运动， 使得主动冲击块 62绕轴线 611相对被动冲击块 63 旋转运动。 由此主动冲击块 62对被动冲击块 63产生旋转冲击， 旋转冲击的瞬 间可产生较大的动力扭矩以克服作用于被动冲击块 63上的阻力负载。 总之， 旋 转冲击机构 6将马达 3的旋转输出转换为旋转冲击输出并传递给运动转换机构 7。
由于旋转冲击机构 6可以提供旋转冲击输出， 使得电动剪枝机 1 能够提供 更大的切割力， 从而提高了切割能力。 根据如表 1提供的实验数据可知， 在相 同的动力输入条件下， 具有旋转冲击机构 6的电动剪枝机 1 的切割能力比不具 有冲击机构 6的电动剪枝机 1 的切割能力有了显著的提高。
Figure imgf000010_0001
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表 1
因此根据上表， 电动剪枝机 1可切割工件的最大直径范围在 0至 95毫米， 当电动剪枝机 1安装的电池包 32 电压为 10. 8伏特时， 可切割工件的最大直径 范围在 0至 65毫米。电动剪枝机 1 的切割工件的最大直径范围不小于 10毫米。
如图 3和图 6所示， 运动转换机构 7位于旋转冲击机构 6和第二辅助件 8 之间。运动转换机构 7主要包括螺杆 71 以及螺母 72。运动转换机构 7和马达 3 均位于壳体 2 内。 在本实施例中， 螺杆 71轴向延伸， 并且一端连接被动冲击块 63, 使被动冲击块 63的动力能传递到螺杆 71上。 螺杆 71可受旋转冲击机构 6 的驱动而绕轴线 611 转动， 但是并不会产生轴向移动。 螺杆 71 支撑于支撑架 73上。 支撑架 73大致沿轴线 611延伸， 支撑架 73可以与壳体 2—体成型， 也 可以与壳体 2通过螺丝等常见固定形式固定连接。 支撑架 73上设有沿轴线 611 延伸的引导槽 74, 螺杆 71设置于该引导槽 74 内， 并且引导槽 74 的长度不小 于螺杆 71 的长度。 这里的引导槽 74可以是凹槽形式， 也可以是通槽形式。 引 导槽 74 的一端设有固定元件 75, 固定元件 75 可以通过螺丝固定于支撑架 73 上， 也可以一体成型于支撑架 73上。 该固定元件 75呈环形以容螺杆 71 穿过， 并且固定元件 75 内设有滚珠轴承支撑起螺杆 71。 螺杆 71上设有外螺紋 711。 此外， 支撑架 73上还设有与引导槽 74 的延伸方向平行的的导轨 76, 导轨 76 也可以是凹槽或者是通槽的形式。 第二辅助件 8也可以螺丝等常见固定形式固 定安装在支撑架 73上。导轨 76的数量为 1个且对称的分布在引导槽 74的两侧。 当然， 本发明不限使用导轨， 其他形式起导向作用的装置也是可以的， 例如导 槽。
螺母 72上具有螺母套 721套接于螺杆 71上， 螺母套 721 内设有内螺紋， 内螺紋和外螺紋 711 相互啮合使螺母 72 可沿着螺杆 71 移动。 从而将螺杆 71 的旋转运动转换为螺母 72沿螺杆 71的轴向移动。螺母 72上还设有延伸块 723。 延伸块 723的数量为 2块， 对称设置在螺母套 721 的径向两侧。 并且在每个延 伸块 723上设有导向销 724。 当然导向销 724也可以直接设置在螺母套 721上， 并且导向销 724的数量不限。 导向销 724正好可以插入到导轨 76 中， 并沿导轨 76的延伸方向移动， 从而使螺母 72沿导轨 76作轴向移动。 导向销 724和导轨 76构成导向装置。 导向装置还包括其他元件。 如图 5 所示， 螺母 72上还固定 连接有第一辅助件 9。 第一辅助件 9通过螺丝等常见的固定件与螺母 72上的延 伸块 723 固定连接， 使得第一辅助件 9随螺母 72—起沿直线移动。 第一辅助件 9 大致沿纵长方向延伸并受到马达 3和传动机构 4 的驱动。 第一辅助件 9在朝 向后端及马达 3的一侧设有可容纳部分螺杆 71 的容纳槽 91。 容纳槽 91 的延伸 方向与螺杆 71 的延伸方向一致。 在第一辅助件 9随螺母 72移动时， 尤其是螺 母 72移动到靠近固定元件 75时，螺杆 71可从第一辅助件 9的边缘伸入到容纳 槽 91 中。 这样， 通过运动转换机构 7, 将旋转冲击机构 6的旋转冲击输出转化 为第一辅助件 9相对第二辅助件 8的直线往复运动。 第二辅助件 8 固定安装在 支撑架 73上， 并且在第二辅助件 8和支撑架 73之间形成可容第一辅助件 9穿 过的通孔。 当螺母 72在螺杆 71上移动至靠近第二辅助件 8 时， 第一辅助件 9 穿过该通孔而进入第二辅助件 8的容纳部 83。 另外， 在第二辅助件 8的挡臂 82 上以及固定元件 75上分别设有挡位件 80, 限定螺母 72位于两个挡位件 80之 间。 使挡位件 80对螺母 72起到限制其移动的作用， 并使螺母 72 不会从螺杆 71上脱离。
当然运动转换机构 7 与剪切刀口 5 的配合还可以具有其他形式。 如图 10 所示， 剪切刀口 5主要由第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9形成。 第二辅助件 8 固 定的安装在壳体 1或者支撑架 73上。第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9通过第一枢 转轴 78连接， 使得第一辅助件 9能绕第一枢转轴 78 而与第二辅助件 8产生相 对转动。 第一辅助件 9和第二辅助件 8构成类似剪刀的结构。 另外， 第一辅助 件 9上还设有第二枢转轴 79。运动转换机构 7 包括螺杆 71、螺母 72和拉杆 77。 螺杆 71 和螺母 72 的设置和之前的实施例类似， 在此就不再描述了。 拉杆 77 的一端连接螺母 72, 另一端通过第二枢转轴 79把连杆 77和第一辅助件 9连接 起来。 工作时， 螺母 72 沿螺杆 71 直线运动， 并推动拉杆 77。 拉杆 77通过第 二枢转轴 79拉动第一辅助件 9, 从而使得第一辅助件 9绕第一枢转轴 78转动。
如图 11所示的运动转换机构 7与剪切刀口 5配合的另一实施例。剪切刀口 5 同样具有第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9。第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9之间通 过第一枢转轴 78连接。 第一辅助件 9上设有端面齿 92。 运动转换机构 7 包括 螺杆 71、 螺母 72、 齿条 93和齿轮 94。 齿条 93 固定连接到螺母 72上， 并且沿 轴线 611延伸。 齿条 93的周向表面具有螺旋齿， 并与齿轮 94啮合。 同时齿轮 94 又与第一辅助件 9上的端面齿 92进行啮合。 工作时， 螺母 72 沿螺杆 71 直 线运动， 并推动齿条 93直线移动。 齿条 93的直线移动带动与之啮合的齿轮 94 转动， 齿轮 94再驱动第一辅助件 9绕第一枢转轴 78转动。 通过图 10和图 11 所示的实施例可知， 通过运动转换机构 7, 将马达 3 的旋转输出转化为第一辅 助件 9相对于第二辅助件 8的旋转运动。
如图 6所示， 由第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9组成的剪切刀口 5上还设有 切割刀刃 10, 切割刀刃 10用于切割物工件。 切割刀刃 10可安装于第二辅助件 8上或者第一辅助件 9上， 或者在第二辅助件 8和第一辅助件 9上同时设有切 割刀刃 10。 在本实施例中， 切割刀刃 10设置在第一辅助件 9上。 切割刀刃 10 可以与第一辅助件 9一体成型或者固定连接。 为达到更好的切割效果， 切割刀 刃 10 上的切割部 101 与纵长方向具有一定的倾斜角度。 具体地， 切割部 101 的朝向第二辅助件 8上的定径钩 84延伸。 在其他的实施例中， 如图 7所示， 切 割刀刃 10 固定的设置在第二辅助件 8的挡臂 82上， 且切割部 101朝向第一辅 助件 9。 如 8和图 9所示， 这样设置切割刀刃 10的好处是： 由于工作习惯切割 树枝都是将电动剪枝机 1 向下压， 在切割过程中树枝的重力 G会压在第一辅助 件 9上， 从而避免重力压在切割刀刃 10上容易造成切割刀刃 10的磨损。
正常工作时， 将物体放入剪切刀口 5, 然后按动开关 13控制马达 3正转以 驱动螺杆 71 绕轴线 611 旋转， 螺杆 71 带动与之啮合的螺母 72 沿着轴线 611 向前端 21移动， 从而使第一辅助件 9向第二辅助件 8移动， 使位于剪切刀口 5 的物体受到夹持， 并被剪切刀口 5 的切割刀刃 10 切割， 由于旋转冲击机构 6 的存在， 使得马达 3提供的动力能够克服较大的阻力将物体轻松地切下。 切割 完毕后， 开关 13再控制马达 3反转， 使螺母 72沿着轴线 611 向后端 22移动， 从而使第一辅助件 9向远离第二辅助件 8方向移动， 使开口 81重新打开。 此时 再重复一次上述操作过程后就能进行新一轮的剪切工作。
如图 12所示为本发明的第六实施例的示意图。电动剪枝机 1 同样包括了马 达（图中未示出 ）、 连接马达的传动机构 4以及剪切刀口 5, 剪切刀口上设置切 割刀刃。 与图 1所示的电动剪枝机相比， 主要的区别在于在本实施例中， 电动 剪枝机 1还包括了伸长管 16。 壳体 1 包括了可拆卸的第一壳体 24和第二壳体 25。 传动机构 4容纳在第一壳体 24 中， 并且靠近剪切刀口 5设置。 电池包 32 容纳在第二壳体 25 中， 并且位于电动剪枝机 1 的末端， 即远离切割刀刃的那一 端。 在本实施例中， 第一壳体 24和第二壳体 25 间隔一定距离。 伸长管 16位于 第一壳体 24和第二壳体 25之间， 并且分别连接第一壳体 24以及第二壳体 25。 伸长管 16的一端具有和第一壳体 24配接的连接机构， 使该端能够和第一壳体 24相连接。 伸长管 16的另一端具有和第二壳体 25相配接的连接机构， 使该端 能够和第二壳体 25相连接。 同时， 在第二壳体 25还设有供使用者握持电动剪 枝机 1 的握持部 12, 这样握持部 12 就从图 1 所示的电动剪枝机离切割刀刃较 近的地方移动到离切割刀刃较远的地方。远离剪切刀口 5的握持部 12的设计使 得操作者不会被剪切刀口 5的切割刀刃割伤， 减少了意外的发生， 大大提高操 作安全性。 在该实施例中， 伸长管 16 内部为中空结构， 在中空结构铺设连接电 线。 同时在第二壳体 25上设置开关 13。开关 13可用于控制马达的启动或关闭。 开关 13还可以对马达的转速进行控制。这样使用者就能够在远离切割刀刃的位 置握持和操控电动剪枝机 1。 优选地， 伸长管 16具有一定的长度， 使得开关 13 与切割刀刃之间的距离大于一般人的臂展， 优选的， 可以在 2米以上。 如此， 在保证了安全性的同时， 还能提高电动剪枝机的切割高度。
如图 13 所示为本发明的第七实施例的示意图。 该实施例的电动剪枝机 1 和图 12所示的电动剪枝机 1 比较类似， 主要区别在于， 在本实施例中， 收容电 池包 32的第二壳体 25和收容传动机构 4的第一壳体 24相互配接。伸长管通过 连接结构连接第二壳体 25, 优选的连接结构可以包括卡扣和套接结构。 并且第 一壳体 24和第二壳体 25位于伸长管 16的同一侧， 而伸长管 16的另一侧设置 电性控制马达启动的开关 13和用于握持电动剪枝机 1 的握持部 12。 在伸长管 16 的中空结构中设置有将开关 13、 位于第一壳体 24上的开关 13，和马达电性 连接的控制电路。 开关 13起作用时， 位于第一壳体 24上的开关 13，断路失效， 开关 13'失去控制马达启动的作用。 这样的目的使控制马达启动的开关 13与切 割刀刃的距离增大， 提高操作安全性。
在图 14 所示为本发明的第八实施例的示意图。 该实施例的电动剪枝机 1 和图 13所示的电动剪枝机 1 比较类似， 主要区别在于， 收容电池包 32的第二 壳体 25和收容传动机构 4的第一壳体 24相互配接， 并且切割刀刃位于伸长管 16的一侧， 第一壳体 24和第二壳体 25位于伸长管 16的另一侧。 伸长管 16具 有连接机构分别和剪切刀口 5 与第一壳体 24 配接。 这样位于壳体 1 上的开关 13和握持部 12也处于远离切割刀刃的位置。
为可以剪切处于高处的树枝， 尤其是人手够不到的地方， 可以在电动剪枝 机 1 的壳体后端 22安装可伸缩的延长手柄 14。 如图 11 所示， 延长手柄 14 包 括第一延长管 141、第二延长管 142 以及位于第一延长管 141和第二延长管 142 之间的连接组件 143。第一延长管 141的上端可以和壳体 2的后端 22螺紋连接。 连接组件 143 包括安装在第二延长管 142上端头内的锁套 144, 和安装在第一 延长管 141 下端头的连接套 145。 锁套 144和连接套 145通过螺紋形式连接。 锁套 144具有半径逐渐减小的锥形孔结构， 当锁套 144 沿螺紋拧紧， 锁套 144 挤压连接套 145 以将第一延长管 141和第二延长管 142 固定。 另外， 为便于操 作， 在第二延长管 142 的下端头设有开关 13和可拆卸的电池包 32。 延长手柄 14 除了可以釆用上述伸缩调节式的， 也可以釆用分段拆装式。 当然， 在图 12 至图 14所示的各实施例中， 延长手柄还可以分别安装到伸长管 16上， 这样进 一步增大剪枝机的切割能力， 优选的， 延长手柄的末端到剪切刀口 5的切割刀 刃的距离大于 4米， 这样更加提高了安全性。
总之， 本发明不局限于所举的具体实施例结构， 基于本发明构思的结构均 属于本发明保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1 . 一种电动剪枝机， 包括纵向延伸的壳体； 位于所述壳体内并提供旋转输出 的马达； 连接所述马达的传动机构； 由所述传动机构驱动的第一辅助件； 与所述壳体连接的第二辅助件； 所述第一辅助件与所述第二辅助件之间具 有至少部分收容工件的收容空间， 所述第一辅助件和所述第二辅助件中的 至少一个上设有切割刀刃， 所述传动机构包括驱动所述第一辅助件相对所 述第二辅助件移动以切割所述工件的运动转换机构， 其特征在于： 所述传 动机构还包括旋转冲击机构， 当负载达到一定预设值时， 所述旋转冲击机 构将所述马达的旋转输出转化为旋转冲击输出并传递给所述运动转换机 构。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述传动机构包括与所 述马达连接的中间轴， 所述旋转冲击机构包括连接所述运动转换机构的被 动冲击块和相对所述被动冲击块旋转的主动冲击块， 所述主动冲击块可相 对所述中间轴轴向移动。
3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述主动冲击块套于所 述中间轴上， 所述主动冲击块具有第一撞击台阶， 所述被动冲击块具有第 二撞击台阶， 所述第二撞击台阶与所述第一撞击台阶抵接或脱开， 从而使 所述主动冲击块与所述被动冲击块相对静止或转动。
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述中间轴上设有第一 凹槽； 所述主动冲击块上设有第二凹槽， 所述旋转冲击机构还包括同时部 分地容纳于所述第一凹槽与所述第二凹槽的滚动件和抵接于所述主动冲击 块与所述壳体之间的偏压件。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述第一辅助件与所述 第二辅助件形成具有开口的剪切刀口， 所述开口的方向与所述纵向延伸方 向垂直。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述切割刀刃设置于所 述第二辅助件上。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述切割刀刃设置于所 述第一辅助件上， 并且所述切割刀刃与所述纵向延伸方向具有倾斜角度。
8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述运动转换机构包括 连接所述旋转冲击机构的螺杆和套接在所述螺杆上并固定连接所述第一辅 助件的螺母， 所述螺杆带动所述螺母作轴向移动。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述电动剪枝机包括设 于所述壳体后端的可伸缩的延长手柄。
1 0.根据权利要求 9 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述切割刀刃至所述延 长手柄末端的距离大于 4米。
1 1 .根据权利要求 1所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述工件的直径范围为 0 至 9 5毫米。
1 2.根据权利要求 1 所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 电动剪枝机还包括连接 所述壳体的伸长管， 控制所述马达启动的开关位于所述伸长管的远离所述 切割刀刃的一端。
1 3.根据权利要求 1 2所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述切割刀刃到所述开 关的距离大于 2米。
1 4.根据权利要求 1 2所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述壳体包括收容传动 机构的第一壳体和收容电池包的第二壳体， 所述伸长管设于所述第一壳体 与第二壳体之间。
1 5.根据权利要求 1 2所述的电动剪枝机， 其特征在于： 所述壳体包括收容传动 机构的第一壳体和收容电池包的第二壳体以及设置控制马达启动的开关的 握持部， 所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体均设于所述伸长管的一侧， 所述握 持部位于所述伸长管的另一侧。
PCT/CN2012/070358 2011-01-14 2012-01-14 电动剪枝机 Ceased WO2012095028A1 (zh)

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