WO2012091102A1 - 風力発電装置の制御装置、風力発電システム、及び風力発電装置の制御方法 - Google Patents

風力発電装置の制御装置、風力発電システム、及び風力発電装置の制御方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012091102A1
WO2012091102A1 PCT/JP2011/080421 JP2011080421W WO2012091102A1 WO 2012091102 A1 WO2012091102 A1 WO 2012091102A1 JP 2011080421 W JP2011080421 W JP 2011080421W WO 2012091102 A1 WO2012091102 A1 WO 2012091102A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
generator
wind
frequency
wind turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2011/080421
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
強志 若狭
篠田　尚信
橋本　雅之
山下　幸生
丈博 名嘉
明 八杉
巧 中島
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to EP11853529.3A priority Critical patent/EP2660464B1/en
Priority to KR1020137000762A priority patent/KR20130053442A/ko
Priority to CN201180034622.0A priority patent/CN103052794B/zh
Priority to US13/454,666 priority patent/US9341163B2/en
Publication of WO2012091102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012091102A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/221—Rotors for wind turbines with horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/337—Electrical grid status parameters, e.g. voltage, frequency or power demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine generator control device, a wind turbine generator system, and a wind turbine generator control method.
  • Patent Document 1 describes that in PFR, the active power to be output is limited based on the rotational speed of the rotor and the power generation output.
  • the PFR generally increases or decreases the power generation output of the wind power generator according to the deviation (frequency change amount) between the set frequency and the actual frequency (measured value), but the wind power generator uses natural energy that is not constant as a power source. Then, the rotational speed of the rotor may fluctuate significantly as compared with a turbine generator (synchronous generator) that uses a stable controllable energy such as gas combustion or steam.
  • the PFR required amount which is an additional power generation output required for performing PFR
  • the rotational speed of the rotor may fall below the disconnection lower limit, and the wind power generator may be disconnected.
  • the number of rotations of the rotor may exceed the overspeed upper limit, and the wind turbine generator may trip (cut off of output). .
  • the case of tripping may occur due to over-rotation of the rotor, over-output, or over-current.
  • Such a disconnection or trip of the wind power generation apparatus during the execution of PFR acts as a disturbance to the power system, which may make the frequency of the power system more unstable than when PFR is not performed. . Moreover, since it takes time to restart once it trips, the wind turbine generator cannot achieve the purpose of restoring the frequency of the power system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator control device, a wind turbine generator system, and a wind turbine generator control method that can be prevented.
  • the following means are employed in the wind turbine generator control apparatus, wind turbine generator system, and wind turbine generator control method of the present invention.
  • a rotor having a plurality of blades rotates by receiving wind
  • the generator generates power by the rotation of the rotor, and supplies power to the power system
  • a wind turbine generator control device capable of changing an amount of power supplied to the power grid in accordance with a change in frequency of the power grid, the measured value of the frequency of the power generation output of the wind turbine generator, and the wind power generator
  • a calculation means for calculating a frequency change amount that is a difference from a set value of the frequency of the power generation output of the device, and a power change amount according to the frequency change amount calculated by the calculation means as a rotation speed of the generator.
  • Limiting means for limiting based on.
  • a rotor having a plurality of blades receives wind to rotate, the generator generates electricity by rotation of the rotor, and supplies power to an electric power system.
  • a wind power generator capable of changing the amount of power supplied to the power system in accordance with fluctuations in the frequency of the power system is controlled.
  • the control device of the wind turbine generator is configured such that the calculation means causes the frequency that is the difference between the measured value of the power generation output frequency of the wind turbine generator and the set value of the frequency of the power generation output of the wind turbine generator.
  • the amount of change is calculated.
  • the amount of frequency change is the difference between the frequency of the power generation output required by the wind turbine generator and the frequency of the actual power generation output.
  • the control means recovers the change.
  • the set value for the is input. That is, when a frequency variation occurs in the power system, the calculation means calculates the amount of change in the frequency required to recover the frequency variation in the power system.
  • the limiting means limits the power change amount according to the frequency change amount calculated by the calculating means based on the number of revolutions of the generator.
  • the rotation of the rotor may be equal to or less than the rotation speed at which the wind turbine generator is disconnected from the power system. Further, the rotation of the rotor may exceed the overspeed upper limit, and the wind turbine generator may trip. Wind power plant disconnects and trips may not only contribute to the recovery of power system frequency fluctuations, but may also make the power system frequency more unstable.
  • the rotational speed of the generator has a relationship with the rotational speed of the rotor. When the rotational speed of the generator is low, the rotational speed of the rotor is low, and when the rotational speed of the generator is high, the rotational speed of the rotor is high.
  • the wind turbine generator control device recovers fluctuations in the frequency of the power system by limiting the power change amount according to the frequency change amount based on the rotation speed of the generator. Therefore, it can be prevented that the increase or decrease of the power generation output becomes excessive, and the wind power generation apparatus cannot supply power to the power system.
  • the limiting means sets the power change amount to a predetermined first limit value when the rotational speed of the generator is equal to or less than a first set value.
  • the amount of change in power is set to a predetermined second limit value that is larger than the first limit value, and the rotational speed of the generator is the first
  • the limit value of the power change amount may be increased between the first limit value and the second limit value as the number of revolutions of the generator increases.
  • the power change amount is set to the first limit value, and when the rotation speed of the generator is equal to or higher than the second set value.
  • the power change amount is a predetermined second limit value that is greater than the first limit value.
  • the limit value of the power change amount increases from the first limit value to the second limit as the generator speed increases. Raised between limits.
  • the case where the rotational speed of the generator is equal to or lower than the first set value is a case where the rotational speed of the rotor is lower, and when trying to output more power than the current state, the rotational speed of the rotor becomes too low.
  • the power generation output of the wind turbine generator may be lower than the lower limit of disconnection.
  • a first limit value is provided for the power change amount to prevent the wind power generator from being disconnected.
  • the case where the number of revolutions of the generator is equal to or greater than the second set value is a case where the number of revolutions of the rotor is higher, and the wind power generator may trip if an attempt is made to output more power than the current state. This is the case.
  • a second limit value is provided for the amount of change in power to prevent the wind power generator from tripping.
  • the limit value of the power change amount is increased as the generator rotational speed is increased.
  • the amount of power change is limited by the corresponding limit value.
  • control device for a wind turbine generator having the above configuration more reliably ensures that the power generation output increases or decreases excessively when recovering the frequency fluctuation of the power grid, and the wind turbine generator cannot supply power to the grid. Can be prevented.
  • the limiting means multiplies the power change amount by a predetermined gain, and the predetermined gain is equal to or less than a first set value.
  • the first gain is set, and when the rotational speed of the generator is equal to or higher than the second set value, the second gain is set.
  • the rotational speed of the generator exceeds the first set value, the rotational speed of the generator is increased. It is good also as a structure which raises to the 3rd gain higher than the said 1st gain and the said 2nd gain with a raise, and when it reaches this 3rd gain, it falls to the said 2nd gain until it reaches the said 2nd setting value.
  • the gain multiplied by the power change amount by the limiting unit is set to the first gain when the rotational speed of the generator is equal to or lower than the first set value, and the rotational speed of the generator is set to the second set value.
  • the second gain is set. That is, by setting the first gain and the second gain to be small (for example, 0 (zero)), the amount of power change is reduced. This prevents the rotor speed from becoming too low and the power generation output from becoming too high.
  • the gain increases to a third gain that is higher than the first gain and the second gain as the rotational speed of the generator increases.
  • the third gain is set to decrease to the second gain.
  • control device for a wind turbine generator having the above configuration more reliably ensures that the power generation output increases or decreases excessively when recovering the frequency fluctuation of the power grid, and the wind turbine generator cannot supply power to the grid. Can be prevented.
  • the control device for a wind turbine generator according to the first aspect may be configured such that the limiting means corrects the power change amount based on the acceleration of the rotation of the generator.
  • the power change amount is corrected based on the acceleration of the generator rotation obtained from the differential value of the generator rotation speed. That is, the amount of power change is corrected according to the deceleration and acceleration of the rotational speed.
  • control device for a wind turbine generator having the above configuration more reliably ensures that the power generation output increases or decreases excessively when recovering the frequency fluctuation of the power grid, and the wind turbine generator cannot supply power to the grid. Can be prevented.
  • the power generation output of the wind turbine generator is based on the speed of the generator, the measured value of the frequency, and the wind speed with respect to the wind turbine generator. It is good also as a structure which estimates the fluctuation amount of the wind speed with respect to the said frequency and the said wind power generator, and correct
  • the variation in the frequency and wind speed of the power generation output of the wind turbine generator is predicted, and the amount of power change is corrected based on the prediction result. It is possible to more reliably prevent the wind power generation apparatus from being unable to supply power to the power system due to excessive increase / decrease.
  • a rotor having a plurality of blades receives wind to rotate, and the generator generates power by rotating the rotor to supply electric power to the power system, and
  • a wind power generator capable of changing the amount of power supplied to the power system according to a change in frequency of the power system, and a control device according to a first aspect for controlling the wind power generator.
  • the wind power generator since the wind power generator is controlled by the control device described above, when the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system is recovered, the increase or decrease of the power generation output becomes excessive, and the wind power generator Can prevent power from being supplied to the power system.
  • a rotor having a plurality of blades rotates by receiving wind, and the generator generates electricity by rotating the rotor to supply power to the power system.
  • a method for controlling the wind power generator capable of changing the amount of power supplied to the power system in accordance with fluctuations in the frequency of the power system, the measured value of the frequency of the power generation output of the wind power generator, and the wind power generation
  • a first step of calculating a frequency change amount that is a difference from a set value of a frequency of the power generation output of the device, and a power change amount corresponding to the frequency change amount calculated in the first step is calculated by rotating the generator.
  • the fluctuation in the frequency of the power system is recovered by limiting the amount of power change according to the amount of frequency change based on the number of rotations of the generator. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the power generation output from increasing or decreasing excessively and the wind power generation apparatus from being unable to supply power to the power system.
  • the present invention there is an excellent effect that it is possible to prevent the wind power generation apparatus from being unable to supply power to the power system due to an excessive increase or decrease in the power generation output when recovering fluctuations in the frequency of the power system.
  • FIG. 1 is an external view of a wind turbine generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic diagram which showed the whole structure of the wind farm which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the electrical structure of a wind power generator. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power command value production
  • FIG. 1 is an external view of a wind turbine generator 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the wind power generator 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a so-called variable-speed wind turbine, and can be rotated around a substantially horizontal axis line with a column 14 standing on the foundation 12, a nacelle 16 installed at the upper end of the column 14. And a rotor 18 provided in the nacelle 16.
  • a plurality of wind turbine rotor blades (hereinafter simply referred to as “wings 20”) are attached to the rotor 18 in a radial pattern around the rotation axis thereof (in the first embodiment, three as an example).
  • the wind force that hits the blades 20 from the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 18 is converted into power that rotates the rotor 18 around the rotation axis, and the power is a generator 46 that is a synchronous generator (see FIG. 2). Is converted to electric power.
  • the blades 20 are connected to the rotor 18 so as to be rotatable according to operating conditions, and the pitch angle of the blades 20 can be changed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the wind farm 30 and the electrical configuration of the wind power generator 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the wind farm 30 includes a plurality of wind turbine generators 10, sub stations 31, and a plurality of wind turbine controllers 32 provided corresponding to the respective wind turbine generators 10.
  • the combination of the wind power generator 10 and the windmill controller 32 is called a wind power generation system.
  • Each wind power generation apparatus 10 is connected to the substation 31 via the transformer 34 and is connected to the grid via the transformer 34 and the power transmission line 36 included in the substation 31 to supply power to the power system 38. .
  • the substation 31 is provided with a master controller 41 (for example, SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)) that controls the entire wind farm 30.
  • SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
  • the master controller 41 receives a system request output value indicating an output value (amount of power) required from the power system 38 and transmits it to each wind turbine control device 32.
  • the windmill controller 32 In order to control the corresponding wind turbine generator 10, the windmill controller 32 generates a power command value corresponding to the system required output value, and controls the power generation output (active power) of the corresponding wind turbine generator 10, In order to control the pitch angle of the blade 20, a pitch angle command value is generated and output to a pitch actuator (not shown). Further, the windmill control device 32 transmits data indicating the power generation output of the wind turbine generator 14 and the control state of the wind turbine generator 14 to the master controller 41.
  • the windmill control device 32 includes a turbine controller 40 and a converter controller 42.
  • the turbine controller 40 stores a set value (hereinafter referred to as “frequency set value”) of the frequency of the power generation output of the wind turbine generator 10 as a parameter corresponding to the system required output value, and based on the frequency set value.
  • a power command value is generated and output to the converter controller 42.
  • the converter controller 42 controls the converter 44 provided in the wind power generator 10 based on the input power command value.
  • the converter 44 controls the power generation output from the generator 46 to the power system 38 based on the control signal from the converter controller 42.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power command value generation unit 50 that generates a power command value.
  • the power command value generation unit 50 receives the generator rotation speed setting value ⁇ * and the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ .
  • the generator rotation speed setting value ⁇ * is generated based on the frequency setting value, and the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ is the rotation speed of the generator 46 actually measured.
  • the generator rotational speed set value ⁇ * and the generator rotational speed measured value ⁇ are input to the subtractor 52, and the subtractor 52 calculates a deviation between the generator rotational speed set value ⁇ * and the generator rotational speed measured value ⁇ . , Output to the PI control unit 54.
  • the PI control unit 54 generates a power command value P * o based on the input deviation and outputs it to the limiting unit 56.
  • Limiting section 56 if the input power command value P * o exceeds the predetermined upper limit value, the electric power control value P * o output is limited to the upper limit. Power command value output from the limit unit 56 P * is added to the PFR demand P d by the adder 58, and output to the converter controller 42 as the power command value P * total.
  • PFR demand P d is output from the PFR request amount generating unit 60 described later is provided to the turbine controller 40.
  • the wind turbine generator 10 can change the power generation output in accordance with the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system 38 (hereinafter referred to as “system frequency”) under the control of the wind turbine controller 32. That is, when a fluctuation occurs in the system frequency, the wind turbine generator 10 executes PFR that recovers the fluctuation. Then, the PFR demand P d, is an increase amount, also reduces the amount of power output to run the PFR.
  • system frequency the frequency of the power system 38
  • the wind turbine generator 10 executes PFR that recovers the fluctuation.
  • the PFR demand P d is an increase amount, also reduces the amount of power output to run the PFR.
  • the PFR demand P d is too large, for example, when the rotation speed of the rotor 18 is small, when used for power generation until the inertia force the rotor 18 has the rotational speed of the rotor 18 is below the disconnecting lower
  • the wind power generator 10 may be disconnected.
  • the number of rotations of the rotor 18 is large and an increase in the amount of power generation is required, the number of rotations of the rotor 18 may exceed the upper limit of overspeed, and the wind power generator 10 may trip.
  • the disconnection and trip of the wind power generation apparatus 10 may not only contribute to the recovery of fluctuations in the frequency of the power system 38, but may make the frequency of the power system 38 more unstable.
  • the wind turbine control apparatus 32 According to the first embodiment generates a restricted so as not to excessively PFR demand P d.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the first embodiment.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 includes a subtractor 62, an adjustment unit 64, and a restriction unit 66.
  • the subtractor 62 receives a frequency measurement value (hereinafter referred to as “frequency measurement value”) f of the power generation output of the wind power generation apparatus 10 and a frequency set value f * of the wind power generation apparatus 10, and the frequency measurement value f A frequency change amount that is a difference from the frequency set value f * is calculated.
  • frequency measurement value hereinafter referred to as “frequency measurement value”
  • the frequency change amount is a difference between the frequency of the power generation output (frequency set value f * ) for which the wind power generator 10 is required and the frequency of the actual power generation output (frequency measurement value f).
  • the frequency setting value f * for recovering the fluctuation is input to the PFR request amount generation unit 60. That is, when a frequency variation occurs in the power system 38, the subtractor 62 calculates a frequency change amount required to recover the frequency variation of the power system 38.
  • the adjustment unit 64 calculates a power change amount corresponding to the frequency change amount by multiplying the frequency change amount by a predetermined adjustment rate (1 / R (1 / R), R is a constant).
  • the limiter 66 receives a measurement value (hereinafter referred to as “generator rotation speed measurement value”) ⁇ of the generator 46, and the input power change amount becomes the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ .
  • the PFR request amount P d restricted based on the output is output to the power command value generation unit 50.
  • the frequency and power (active power) of the power generation output of the wind turbine generator 10 are calculated so that the power corresponding to the frequency is calculated by multiplying the frequency change amount by the adjustment rate by the adjustment unit 64. Have a one-to-one relationship, and changing the frequency changes the power.
  • the rotational speed of the generator 46 has a relationship with the rotational speed of the rotor 18. When the rotational speed of the generator 46 is low, the rotational speed of the rotor 18 is low, and when the rotational speed of the generator 46 is high, the rotor 18. The number of revolutions is also high.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 limits the power change amount according to the frequency change amount based on the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ related to the rotation speed of the rotor 18.
  • the increase or decrease of the power generation output is prevented, and the wind power generator 10 is prevented from being unable to supply power to the power system 38.
  • the limiting unit 66 is based on the relationship between the generator rotational speed ⁇ and the PFR request amount limit value illustrated in FIG. 4, and the PFR request amount P d that limits the input power change amount. Is output.
  • the limiting unit 66 sets the power change amount as the first limit value, and the generator rotational speed measured value ⁇ is equal to or greater than the maximum set value.
  • the power change amount is set to a predetermined second limit value that is larger than the first limit value.
  • the limiting unit 66 sets the power change amount limit value as the first limit value as the generator rotational speed measured value ⁇ increases. To a second limit value.
  • the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ is equal to or less than the minimum set value.
  • the rotational speed of the rotor 18 is lower, and if the inertial force of the rotor 18 is used to output more power than the current state, the subsequent rotational speed of the rotor 18 becomes too low, and the wind power generator 10 generates power.
  • a first limit value (0 (zero) in the example of FIG. 5) is provided for the power change amount to prevent the wind power generator 10 from being disconnected.
  • PFR demand P d of generator speed measurement value ⁇ wind turbine generator below the minimum set value is 10, since the 0, the wind power generation device 10 does not execute the PFR.
  • the case where the measured generator rotational speed value ⁇ is equal to or larger than the maximum set value is the case where the rotational speed of the rotor 18 is higher, and output more power than the current state. Then, it is a case where the wind power generator 10 may trip. In such a case, a second limit value is provided for the amount of change in power to prevent the wind power generator 10 from tripping.
  • the limit value of the power change amount is increased with the increase in the rotational speed of the generator 46, thereby generating the generator 46. limits the power variation in the limit value corresponding to the rotational speed, is output as the PFR demand P d.
  • PFR demand P d is supplied from 0 because changes in the range of positive values, the wind turbine generator 10, the more power to the power grid 38.
  • the windmill control device 32 changes the pitch angle of the blades 20 to the finer side, increases the rotation speed of the rotor 18 to increase the power generation output, and the inertial force stored in the rotor 18. Used to control the power generation output to increase.
  • the wind turbine generator 10 reduces the power supplied to the power grid 38.
  • the windmill control device 32 performs control to change the pitch angle of the blades 20 to the feather side and decrease the rotational speed of the rotor 18 to reduce the power generation output.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 has an excessive increase / decrease in the power generation output when the frequency fluctuation of the power system 38 is recovered, and the wind power generation device 10 cannot supply power to the power system. Can be more reliably prevented.
  • PFR request amount limit value shown in FIG. 5 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 6 shows a configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the second embodiment. 6 that are the same as those in FIG. 4 are assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4 and descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the second embodiment includes a gain unit 70 and a multiplier 72.
  • the gain unit 70 receives the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ and outputs a gain based on the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ to the multiplier 72.
  • the gain output from the gain unit 70 is a variable gain that changes based on the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ , and is set to the first gain when the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ is less than or equal to the minimum set value.
  • the second gain is set. That is, the power change amount is reduced by setting the first gain and the second gain small. This prevents the rotational speed of the rotor 18 from becoming too low and the power generation output from becoming too high.
  • the gain is higher than the first gain and the second gain with the increase of the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ .
  • the gain is set so as to increase to a gain and decrease to the second gain when the third gain is reached.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a variable gain according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7A illustrates a case where the gain changes in a triangular shape
  • FIG. 7B illustrates that the gain changes in an arc shape.
  • the values of the first gain, the second gain, and the third gain are not limited to this, and may be other values, and the values of the first gain and the second gain may be different.
  • the gain change is not limited to a triangular shape or an arc shape, and may be a discontinuous change that changes stepwise according to a measured value of the generator rotational speed, for example, instead of a continuous change.
  • the multiplier 72 is supplied with the gain outputted from the power variation and a gain unit 70 to be output from the Chojo unit 64 multiplies the power change amount and the gain, the result of multiplying by the PFR demand P d It outputs to the electric power command value generation unit 50.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 changes the gain according to the generator rotation speed measurement value and multiplies the gain by the amount of change in power.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 changes the gain according to the generator rotation speed measurement value and multiplies the gain by the amount of change in power.
  • the configurations of the wind turbine generator 10, the wind farm 30, and the power command value generation unit 50 according to the third embodiment are the same as those of the wind turbine generator 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Since it is the same as that of the structure of the firm 30 and the electric power command value production
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 corrects the power change amount according to the rotation acceleration of the generator 46. For example, when the generator 46 decelerates significantly (to prevent a decrease in the rotational speed), the power change amount is corrected to reduce the PFR request amount, and when the generator 46 accelerates greatly, the power change amount is corrected. Thus, the PFR request amount is increased.
  • FIG. 8A and 8B show the configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B the same components as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
  • the configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 8A is a case where the power change amount is corrected by adding a gain corresponding to the generator rotation speed measurement value to the power change amount.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 8A includes a differentiator 80, a gain unit 82, an adder 84, and a limiting unit 86.
  • the differentiator 80 receives the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ , differentiates the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ , calculates the rotation acceleration of the generator 46, and outputs the acceleration to the gain unit 82.
  • the PFR required amount generation unit 60 according to the third embodiment is similar to the function of the differentiator 80 in order to avoid the influence of noise instead of the differentiator 80 (generator It is also possible to use a filter having a characteristic of high gain in the high frequency band that emphasizes a quick change of 46 rotations.
  • the gain unit 82 outputs a gain corresponding to the acceleration and outputs the gain to the adder 84.
  • the adder 84 receives the power change amount output from the adjustment unit 64 and the gain output from the gain unit 82, adds the power change amount with the gain, and outputs the result to the limiting unit 86.
  • the limiting unit 86 is set with a lower limit value and an upper limit value, and outputs a PFR request amount P d that is limited so that the result output from the adder 84 falls within the range between the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the third embodiment may use the restriction unit 66 included in the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the first embodiment as the restriction unit 86.
  • the configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 8B is a case where the power change amount is corrected by making the arbitration rate variable.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 8B includes a modulatable constant unit 88.
  • the modulatable constant unit 88 receives the frequency change amount output from the subtractor 62 and the gain output from the gain unit 82. Then, the modulatable constant unit 88 changes the settling rate according to the input gain, calculates the voltage change amount by multiplying the changed arbitration rate and the frequency change amount, and limits the voltage change amount. To the unit 86. When the input gain (differential value of the rotational speed of the generator 46) is large, the tunable constant section 88 reduces the adjustment rate and rotates the rotor 18 due to excessive inertia force.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 corrects the amount of power change according to the acceleration of the rotation of the generator 46. Therefore, when the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system 38 is recovered, the power generation output Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the wind power generation apparatus 10 from supplying power to the power system.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 predicts fluctuations in the power generation output frequency and wind speed of the wind turbine generator 10 and corrects the power change amount according to the prediction result. For example, when the frequency and wind speed of the power generation output of the generator 46 are small (in order to prevent a decrease in the rotational speed of the rotor), the power change amount is corrected to reduce the PFR request amount, and the power generation output of the generator 46 is reduced. When the frequency and wind speed increase, the power change amount is corrected to increase the PFR request amount.
  • 9A and 9B show a configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • 9A and 9B that are the same as in FIG. 4 are assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG. 4, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 9A is a case where the power change amount is corrected by adding a value corresponding to the frequency of the power generation output or the wind speed to the power change amount.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 9A includes a time series estimation unit 90A, an adder 92, and a restriction unit 94.
  • the time series estimation unit 90A uses a time series estimation algorithm that uses a statistical technique such as an autoregressive model based on the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ , the frequency measurement value f, and the wind speed for the wind power generator 10 to generate wind power.
  • the frequency of the power generation output of the device 10 and the fluctuation amount of the wind speed with respect to the wind power generation device 10 are predicted, a correction output is obtained from the prediction result, and the correction output is output to the adder 92.
  • the adder 92 receives the power change amount output from the adjustment unit 64 and the correction output output from the time-series estimation unit 90A, adds the power change amount with the correction value, and outputs the result to the restriction unit 94. To do.
  • the limiting unit 94 is set with a lower limit value and an upper limit value, and outputs a PFR request amount P d that is limited so that the result output from the adder 92 falls within the range of the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the fourth embodiment may use the restriction unit 66 included in the PFR request amount generation unit 60 according to the first embodiment as the restriction unit 94.
  • the configuration of the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 9B is a case where the power change amount is corrected by making the arbitration rate variable.
  • the PFR request amount generation unit 60 illustrated in FIG. 9B includes a time series estimation unit 90B and a modulatable constant unit 64B.
  • the time series estimation unit 90B uses a time series estimation algorithm using a statistical technique such as an autoregressive model based on the generator rotational speed measurement value ⁇ , the frequency measurement value f, and the wind speed with respect to the wind power generator 10 to generate wind power.
  • the frequency of the power generation output of the apparatus 10 and the fluctuation amount of the wind speed with respect to the wind power generation apparatus 10 are predicted, a correction coefficient is obtained from the prediction result, and the correction coefficient is output to the adder 92.
  • the modifiable constant unit 64B receives the frequency change amount output from the subtractor 62 and the correction coefficient output from the time series estimation unit 90B. Then, the modulatable constant unit 64B changes the settling rate by multiplying the settling rate by the input correction coefficient, and further calculates the voltage change amount by further multiplying the changed arbitration rate and the frequency change amount. The voltage change amount is output to the limiting unit 94.
  • the wind turbine control device 32 corrects the amount of power change according to the acceleration of the rotation of the generator 46. Therefore, when the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system 38 is recovered, the power generation output Therefore, it is possible to more reliably prevent the wind power generation apparatus 10 from supplying power to the power system.
  • the values input to the time series estimation units 90A and 90B are not limited to the frequency measurement value f, the generator rotation speed measurement value ⁇ , and the wind speed, but other values are input and used for the time series estimation algorithm. Also good.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the wind farm 30 includes one wind power generator 10. It is good also as a form provided.

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PCT/JP2011/080421 2010-12-28 2011-12-28 風力発電装置の制御装置、風力発電システム、及び風力発電装置の制御方法 Ceased WO2012091102A1 (ja)

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EP11853529.3A EP2660464B1 (en) 2010-12-28 2011-12-28 Control device for wind power generation device, wind power generation system, and control method for wind power generation device
KR1020137000762A KR20130053442A (ko) 2010-12-28 2011-12-28 풍력 발전 장치의 제어 장치, 풍력 발전 시스템, 및 풍력 발전 장치의 제어 방법
CN201180034622.0A CN103052794B (zh) 2010-12-28 2011-12-28 风力发电装置的控制装置、风力发电系统及风力发电装置的控制方法
US13/454,666 US9341163B2 (en) 2010-12-28 2012-04-24 Wind-turbine-generator control apparatus, wind turbine generator system, and wind-turbine-generator control method

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