WO2012091030A1 - Système de piles à combustible - Google Patents

Système de piles à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012091030A1
WO2012091030A1 PCT/JP2011/080258 JP2011080258W WO2012091030A1 WO 2012091030 A1 WO2012091030 A1 WO 2012091030A1 JP 2011080258 W JP2011080258 W JP 2011080258W WO 2012091030 A1 WO2012091030 A1 WO 2012091030A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
flow path
water flow
heat
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/080258
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
修平 咲間
Original Assignee
Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社
Priority to JP2012550991A priority Critical patent/JP5782458B2/ja
Publication of WO2012091030A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012091030A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1058—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system disposition of pipes and pipe connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/004—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with conventional supplementary heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • F24D11/005—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/19—Fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell system.
  • a power generation unit including a cell stack, a heat exchanger that heats water from off-gas combustion gas discharged from the cell stack to water, and water heated by the heat exchanger What is provided with the hot water storage tank which stores water (for example, refer patent document 1).
  • hot water water heated by a heat exchanger
  • the hot water tank is used in a predetermined facility where the fuel cell system is installed.
  • the hot water is heated to the required temperature by using a backup boiler and then supplied to the predetermined facility.
  • the backup boiler has a minimum combustion amount which is a combustion amount with the weakest thermal power. Therefore, when the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water tank is lower than the required temperature of the predetermined facility, when the difference is smaller than the temperature of the water rising by the minimum combustion amount of the backup boiler, the predetermined facility The temperature of the supplied hot water will exceed the required temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the temperature of hot water supplied to a predetermined facility so as not to exceed the required temperature by adding water to the hot water before supplying it to the backup boiler, resulting in energy loss.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system that can efficiently supply hot water to a predetermined facility.
  • a fuel cell system includes a power generation unit including a cell stack that generates power using a hydrogen-containing gas, a hot water storage tank that stores water to be supplied to a predetermined facility, and heat generated in the power generation unit.
  • a heat exchange unit that heats the water stored in the hot water tank, a first water flow channel that distributes the water stored in the first water storage area of the hot water tank to a predetermined facility, and the first Provided in the water flow path, and when the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage region is lower than the required temperature of a predetermined facility, the heating unit for heating water and the first water storage region
  • the water channel When supplying the water channel and the water stored in the hot water tank to a predetermined facility, the water channel is connected via the first water channel.
  • a first water channel system that reaches the facility, a second water channel system, and a second water channel system that reaches a predetermined facility via a portion of the first water channel downstream of the first position;
  • a switching unit for switching the water flow path system.
  • the heat exchanging unit moves the heat from the off-gas combustion gas discharged from the cell stack to the water to heat the water
  • the third heat exchanger circulates the water from the hot water tank to the heat exchanger.
  • the second water channel branches from the second position on the downstream side of the heat exchanger in the third water channel and merges into the first position, and the second water channel system Even if it reaches a predetermined facility via the upstream portion of the second position in the third water channel, the second water channel, and the downstream portion of the first position in the first water channel. Good.
  • the heat exchanging unit circulates and distributes the heat medium through a heat exchanger that heats the heat medium by transferring heat from the off-gas combustion gas discharged from the cell stack to the heat medium, and the hot water storage tank and the heat exchanger.
  • a second heat flow path extending from the second water storage region and joining the first position, and the second water flow path system includes the second water flow path, And you may reach a predetermined
  • the heat exchanging unit includes a heat exchanger that heats water from the heat recovery medium circulated from the cell stack to heat the water, and a third water flow path that circulates and distributes the water from the hot water storage tank to the heat exchanger.
  • the second water flow path branches from the second position downstream of the heat exchanger in the third water flow path and merges into the first position, and the second water flow path system is A predetermined facility may be reached via a portion on the upstream side of the second position in the third water channel, a portion on the second water channel, and a portion on the downstream side of the first position in the first water channel.
  • the heat exchange unit circulates and circulates the heat medium through the heat exchanger that heats the heat medium by transferring heat from the heat recovery medium circulated from the cell stack to the heat medium, and the hot water storage tank and the heat exchanger.
  • a heat medium flow path, the second water flow path extends from the second water storage region and merges with the first position, the second water flow path system includes the second water flow path, and You may reach a predetermined
  • the water flow path system for supplying hot water (water stored in the hot water storage tank) to the predetermined facility is the first from the first water storage area of the hot water tank to the predetermined facility via the heating unit. And a second water channel system that reaches a predetermined facility from the second water storage region of the hot water tank through the heating unit. Therefore, for example, when the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage region is lower than the required temperature of the predetermined facility, the first water channel system is switched to the second water channel system to Hot water can be supplied from the second water storage region to a predetermined facility via the heating unit while suppressing a decrease in the temperature of the water stored in the water storage region. Therefore, according to this fuel cell system, hot water can be efficiently supplied to a predetermined facility.
  • the switching unit may switch from the first water channel system to the second water channel system when the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage region is lower than the required temperature. According to this, as above-mentioned, the fall of the temperature of the water currently stored by the 1st water storage area
  • the switching unit has the first water flow when the temperature of the water stored in the first water storage region is lower than the required temperature and the difference is smaller than the minimum value of the rising temperature of the water by the heating unit.
  • the channel system may be switched to the second water channel system.
  • the temperature of the hot water supplied to a predetermined facility is adjusted so as not to exceed the required temperature by adding water to the hot water before supplying it to the heating unit.
  • such adjustment is not necessary by switching from the first water channel system to the second water channel system.
  • hot water can be efficiently supplied to a predetermined facility.
  • 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a conceptual diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the one hot water supply state in the fuel cell system of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the other hot water supply state in the fuel cell system of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the fuel cell system of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
  • the fuel cell system 1 includes a desulfurization unit 2, a water vaporization unit 3, a hydrogen generation unit 4, a cell stack 5, an off-gas combustion unit 6, a hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, The water supply part 8, the oxidizing agent supply part 9, the power conditioner 10, and the control part 11 are provided.
  • the fuel cell system 1 generates power in the cell stack 5 using a hydrogen-containing fuel and an oxidant.
  • the type of the cell stack 5 in the fuel cell system 1 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and phosphoric acid.
  • a fuel cell (PAFC: Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC: Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell), and other types can be employed. 1 may be appropriately omitted depending on the type of cell stack 5, the type of hydrogen-containing fuel, the reforming method, and the like.
  • hydrocarbon fuel a compound containing carbon and hydrogen in the molecule (may contain other elements such as oxygen) or a mixture thereof is used.
  • hydrocarbon fuels include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and biofuels. These hydrocarbon fuels are derived from conventional fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, and synthetic systems such as synthesis gas. Those derived from fuel and those derived from biomass can be used as appropriate. Specific examples of hydrocarbons include methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), city gas, town gas, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, and light oil. Examples of alcohols include methanol and ethanol. Examples of ethers include dimethyl ether. Examples of biofuels include biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel, and biojet.
  • oxygen-enriched air for example, air, pure oxygen gas (which may contain impurities that are difficult to remove by a normal removal method), or oxygen-enriched air is used.
  • the desulfurization unit 2 desulfurizes the hydrogen-containing fuel supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
  • the desulfurization part 2 has a desulfurization catalyst for removing sulfur compounds contained in the hydrogen-containing fuel.
  • a desulfurization method of the desulfurization unit 2 for example, an adsorptive desulfurization method that adsorbs and removes sulfur compounds and a hydrodesulfurization method that removes sulfur compounds by reacting with hydrogen are employed.
  • the desulfurization unit 2 supplies the desulfurized hydrogen-containing fuel to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
  • the water vaporization unit 3 generates water vapor supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4 by heating and vaporizing water.
  • heat generated in the fuel cell system 1 such as recovering the heat of the hydrogen generation unit 4, the heat of the off-gas combustion unit 6, or the heat of the exhaust gas may be used.
  • FIG. 1 only heat supplied from the off-gas combustion unit 6 to the hydrogen generation unit 4 is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the water vaporization unit 3 supplies the generated water vapor to the hydrogen generation unit 4.
  • the hydrogen generation unit 4 generates a hydrogen rich gas using the hydrogen-containing fuel from the desulfurization unit 2.
  • the hydrogen generator 4 has a reformer that reforms the hydrogen-containing fuel with a reforming catalyst.
  • the reforming method in the hydrogen generating unit 4 is not particularly limited, and for example, steam reforming, partial oxidation reforming, autothermal reforming, and other reforming methods can be employed.
  • the hydrogen generator 4 may have a configuration for adjusting the properties in addition to the reformer reformed by the reforming catalyst depending on the properties of the hydrogen rich gas required for the cell stack 5.
  • the hydrogen generation unit 4 is configured to remove carbon monoxide in the hydrogen-rich gas. (For example, a shift reaction part and a selective oxidation reaction part).
  • the hydrogen generation unit 4 supplies a hydrogen rich gas to the anode 12 of the cell stack 5.
  • the cell stack 5 generates power using the hydrogen rich gas from the hydrogen generation unit 4 and the oxidant from the oxidant supply unit 9.
  • the cell stack 5 includes an anode 12 to which a hydrogen-rich gas is supplied, a cathode 13 to which an oxidant is supplied, and an electrolyte 14 disposed between the anode 12 and the cathode 13.
  • the cell stack 5 supplies power to the outside via the power conditioner 10.
  • the cell stack 5 supplies the hydrogen rich gas and the oxidant, which have not been used for power generation, to the off gas combustion unit 6 as off gas.
  • a combustion section for example, a combustor that heats the reformer
  • the hydrogen generation section 4 may be shared with the off-gas combustion section 6.
  • the off gas combustion unit 6 burns off gas supplied from the cell stack 5.
  • the heat generated by the off-gas combustion unit 6 is supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4 and used for generation of a hydrogen rich gas in the hydrogen generation unit 4.
  • the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7 supplies hydrogen-containing fuel to the desulfurization unit 2.
  • the water supply unit 8 supplies water to the water vaporization unit 3.
  • the oxidant supply unit 9 supplies an oxidant to the cathode 13 of the cell stack 5.
  • the hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, the water supply unit 8, and the oxidant supply unit 9 are configured by a pump, for example, and are driven based on a control signal from the control unit 11.
  • the power conditioner 10 adjusts the power from the cell stack 5 according to the external power usage state. For example, the power conditioner 10 performs a process of converting a voltage and a process of converting DC power into AC power.
  • the control unit 11 performs control processing for the entire fuel cell system 1.
  • the control unit 11 is configured by a device including a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and an input / output interface, for example.
  • the control unit 11 is electrically connected to a hydrogen-containing fuel supply unit 7, a water supply unit 8, an oxidant supply unit 9, a power conditioner 10, and other sensors and auxiliary equipment not shown.
  • the control unit 11 acquires various signals generated in the fuel cell system 1 and outputs a control signal to each device in the fuel cell system 1.
  • the fuel cell system 1 described above includes a power generation unit 21, a heat exchanger 22, a hot water tank 23, and a backup boiler (heating unit) 24, as shown in FIG.
  • the power generation unit 21 is modularized including the cell stack 5 that generates power using hydrogen-rich gas (hydrogen-containing gas).
  • the power generation unit 21 includes at least the cell stack 5, and may further include an off-gas combustion unit 6, a hydrogen generation unit 4, or the like, or may not include the off-gas combustion unit 6, the hydrogen generation unit 4, or the like. .
  • the heat exchanger 22 is a combustion gas of off-gas discharged from the cell stack 5 (that is, exhaust gas from the off-gas combustion unit 6) (or a heat recovery medium circulated from the cell stack 5 (for example, pure water, antifreeze liquid, etc.) Liquid having a sufficiently low electrical conductivity)) and water are circulated to transfer water from the combustion gas (or heat recovery medium (hereinafter the same)) to the water to heat the water.
  • This water is circulated and circulated from the hot water storage tank 23 to the heat exchanger 22 by a water flow path (third water flow path) FP3.
  • the water heated by the heat exchanger 22 is stored in the hot water tank 23.
  • the heat exchanger 22 and the water flow path FP3 constitute the heat exchange unit 20.
  • the heat exchange unit 20 heats the water stored in the hot water storage tank 23 using the heat generated in the power generation unit 21.
  • water is recovered from the cooled combustion gas, and the water is supplied to the hydrogen generation unit 4 through the water supply unit 8 and the water vaporization unit 3.
  • the hot water tank 23 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example.
  • the water flow path FP ⁇ b> 3 derives water from the lower part of the hot water tank 23 and introduces water into the upper part of the hot water tank 23 through the heat exchanger 22.
  • the temperature of the water stored in the hot water storage tank 23 gradually increases in a state where the temperature at the upper part is higher than the temperature at the lower part. That is, in the hot water storage tank 23, the upper part is a water storage area (first water storage area) 23H in which water having a relatively high temperature is stored, and the lower part is a relatively low temperature (in the first water storage area). It becomes a water storage area (second water storage area) 23L in which water of a temperature lower than the temperature of the stored water is stored.
  • the water stored in the hot water storage tank 23 is circulated to a facility (predetermined facility) F in which the fuel cell system 1 is installed by a water channel (first water channel) FP1. That is, the water flow path FP1 is a water flow path for supplying hot water (water heated by the heat exchanger 22) to the facility F.
  • the water flow path FP1 derives water from the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23. That is, the water flow path FP1 distributes the water stored in the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23 to the facility F.
  • the backup boiler 24 is provided in the water flow path FP1, and the temperature of the water heated by the heat exchanger 22 (that is, the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23) is the required temperature of the facility F. If lower, heat the water. For example, when the required temperature of the facility F is 70 ° C., but the water temperature in the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is 50 ° C., the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 by the water flow path FP1. The temperature of the water derived from is raised by 20 ° C. by the backup boiler 24.
  • a water flow path ( The second water flow path FP2 is spanned. That is, the water flow path FP2 branches from the position P2 in the water flow path FP3 and joins the position P1 in the water flow path FP1. Thereby, the water flow path FP2 allows the water stored in the water storage area 23L of the hot water storage tank 23 to be indirectly (in this case, via a portion upstream of the position P2 in the water flow path FP3) at the position P1 in the water flow path FP1. To distribute.
  • the water channel system (first water channel system) FS1 or the water channel system (second water channel system) FS2 is used. It is done.
  • the water channel system FS1 is a water channel system from the hot water tank 23 to the facility F via the water channel FP1.
  • the water channel system FS2 is a water channel system that reaches the facility F from the hot water storage tank 23 via the upstream portion of the position P2 in the water channel FP3, the downstream portion of the position P1 in the water channel FP2, and the water channel FP1. It is.
  • the water flow path system for supplying the water stored in the hot water storage tank 23 to the facility F is switched between the water flow path system FS1 and the water flow path system FS2 by the switching unit 25.
  • the switching unit 25 can be configured by, for example, electromagnetic valves provided in each of a portion on the downstream side of the position P2 in the water channel FP3, a portion on the upstream side of the position P1 in the water channel FP2, and the water channel FP1.
  • the switching unit 25 opens the electromagnetic valve provided in the downstream portion of the position P2 in the water flow path FP3 and the electromagnetic valve provided in the upstream portion of the position P1 in the water flow path FP1, and opens the water flow path FP2. Is switched to the water channel system FS1.
  • the switching unit 25 closes the electromagnetic valve provided in the downstream portion of the position P2 in the water flow path FP3 and the electromagnetic valve provided in the upstream portion of the position P1 in the water flow path FP1, and enters the water flow path FP2. By switching the provided electromagnetic valve, it switches to the water flow path system FS2.
  • a water flow path FP4 is connected to the water storage area 23L of the hot water tank 23.
  • This water flow path FP4 supplies tap water to the hot water storage tank 23 so that, for example, when the water stored in the hot water storage tank 23 is used in the facility F, the water level in the hot water storage tank 23 is maintained constant.
  • a water flow path FP5 is spanned between a predetermined position in the water flow path FP4 and a predetermined position on the upstream side of the position P1 in the water flow path FP1. That is, the water flow path FP5 branches from a predetermined position in the water flow path FP3, and joins to a predetermined position in the water flow path FP1 through, for example, a pressure reducing valve or a blender.
  • the temperature of the water in the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is 75 ° C.
  • the temperature of the water is 5 ° C.
  • Tap water is added to the water derived from the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23 so as to descend.
  • the operation of the switching unit 25 when hot water is supplied to the facility F will be described. It is assumed that the temperature of water rising by the minimum combustion amount of the backup boiler 24 (that is, the combustion amount at the weakest thermal power) (the minimum value of the rising temperature of water by the backup boiler 24) is 20 ° C.
  • the temperature of the water stored in the hot water tank 23 is detected by a temperature sensor at least in each of the water storage areas 23H and 23L of the hot water tank 23.
  • the switching unit 25 includes, for example, an electromagnetic valve provided in a portion on the downstream side of the position P2 in the water channel FP3 and a portion on the upstream side of the position P1 in the water channel FP1. Is switched to the water flow path system FS1 by opening the electromagnetic valve provided in the water flow path and closing the electromagnetic valve provided in the water flow path FP2.
  • hot water is supplied to the facility F by the water flow path system FS1 from the hot water tank 23 to the facility F through the water flow path FP1.
  • tap water is added to the water so that the temperature of the water led out from the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23 drops by 5 ° C. by the water flow path FP5.
  • the water stored in the hot water tank 23 is circulated and circulated to the heat exchanger 22 through the water flow path FP3.
  • the temperature of the water in the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23 is 70 ° C. (that is, the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H). Is the same as the required temperature of the facility F).
  • the switching unit 25 switches to the water channel system FS1.
  • hot water is supplied to the facility F by the water flow path system FS1 from the hot water tank 23 to the facility F through the water flow path FP1.
  • the water stored in the hot water tank 23 is circulated and circulated to the heat exchanger 22 through the water flow path FP3.
  • the temperature of the water in the water storage area 23H of the hot water tank 23 is 65 ° C. (that is, the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H) Will be described below when the temperature is lower than the required temperature of the facility F and the difference (here, 5 ° C.) is smaller than the minimum value of the rising temperature of water by the backup boiler 24 (here, 20 ° C.).
  • the switching unit 25 includes, for example, an electromagnetic valve provided in a portion on the downstream side of the position P2 in the water channel FP3 and a portion on the upstream side of the position P1 in the water channel FP1.
  • the high temperature water stored in the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is preserved.
  • tap water may be added to the water derived from the water storage area 23L of the hot water tank 23 by the water flow path FP5.
  • the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is lower than the required temperature of the facility F (the difference is smaller than the minimum value of the rising temperature of the water by the backup boiler 24). It may be switched to the water channel system FS2 regardless of whether or not it is small. This is also because the low-temperature water stored in the water storage area 23L of the hot water storage tank 23 is used, and the high-temperature water stored in the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is preserved.
  • the water flow path system for supplying hot water (water stored in the hot water storage tank 23) to the facility F is connected to the heat exchanger 22 from the water storage area 23 ⁇ / b> H of the hot water storage tank 23.
  • the water flow path system FS1 leading to the facility F via the backup boiler 24 and the water flow path system FS2 leading from the water storage area 23L of the hot water storage tank 23 to the facility F via the heat exchanger 22 and the backup boiler 24 It can be switched with. Therefore, when the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H (here, water heated by the heat exchanger 22) is lower than the required temperature of the facility F, the water channel system FS1 is switched to the water channel system FS2.
  • hot water can be supplied from the water storage region 23L to the facility F via the heat exchanger 22 and the backup boiler 24 while suppressing a decrease in the temperature of the water stored in the water storage region 23H. Moreover, since the water is preheated by the heat exchanger 22 before reaching the backup boiler 24, the load on the backup boiler 24 can be reduced. Therefore, according to the fuel cell system 1, hot water can be efficiently supplied to the facility F.
  • the switching unit 25 is configured such that the temperature of the water stored in the water storage region 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 is lower than the required temperature of the facility F, and the difference is smaller than the minimum value of the water rising temperature by the backup boiler 24.
  • the water channel system FS1 is switched to the water channel system FS2. If the water flow path system FS1 is used in such a case, the temperature of the hot water supplied to the facility F does not exceed the required temperature of the facility F by adding water to the hot water before supplying it to the backup boiler 24. Although it is necessary to adjust, such an adjustment becomes unnecessary by switching from the water channel system FS1 to the water channel system FS2.
  • the fuel cell system 1 of the second embodiment is mainly different from the fuel cell system 1 of the first embodiment described above in the configuration of the heat exchange unit. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchange unit 30 includes a heat exchanger 31 that heats the heat medium by transferring heat from the off-gas combustion gas discharged from the cell stack 5 to the heat medium, and the hot water storage tank 23. And a heat medium flow path 32 that circulates and circulates the heat medium via the heat exchanger 31. The heat medium flow path 32 circulates the heat medium in the hot water storage tank 23 from the water storage area 23H toward the water storage area 23L. A heat medium tank 33 is provided in the heat medium flow path 32 so as to be located on the downstream side of the hot water tank 23 and on the upstream side of the heat exchanger 31.
  • the heat medium for example, water, an antifreeze solution such as an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, oil, air, a gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen, water vapor, or the like can be used.
  • the water flow path FP2 extends from the water storage area 23L of the hot water tank 23 and joins the position P1 in the water flow path FP1. Thereby, the water flow path FP2 can distribute the water stored in the water storage area 23L of the hot water tank 23 directly to the position P1 in the water flow path FP1.
  • the water flow path system FS2 is a water flow path system that reaches the facility F via the water flow path FP2 and the downstream portion of the position P1 in the water flow path FP1.
  • the switching unit 25 can be configured by, for example, electromagnetic valves provided in each of the upstream portion of the position P1 in the water channel FP2 and the water channel FP1.
  • the switching unit 25 switches to the water flow path system FS1 by opening the electromagnetic valve provided in the upstream portion of the position P1 in the water flow path FP1 and closing the electromagnetic valve provided in the water flow path FP2.
  • the switching unit 25 switches to the water flow channel system FS2 by closing the electromagnetic valve provided in the upstream portion of the position P1 in the water flow channel FP1 and opening the electromagnetic valve provided in the water flow channel FP2.
  • the operation of the switching unit 25 when hot water is supplied to the facility F is the same as that of the fuel cell system 1 of the first embodiment described above.
  • a water flow path system for supplying hot water (water stored in the hot water storage tank 23) to the facility F is provided from the water storage area 23H of the hot water storage tank 23 to the backup boiler 24.
  • the water flow path system FS1 reaching the facility F via the water flow path FS1 and the water flow path system FS2 reaching the facility F via the backup boiler 24 from the water storage area 23L of the hot water tank 23. Therefore, when the temperature of the water stored in the water storage area 23H is lower than the required temperature of the facility F, the water stored in the water storage area 23H is switched from the water flow path system FS1 to the water flow path system FS2.
  • Hot water can be supplied to the facility F from the water storage area 23L via the backup boiler 24 while suppressing a decrease in temperature. Therefore, the fuel cell system 1 can also efficiently supply hot water to the facility F.
  • this invention is not limited to the said embodiment.
  • another heating unit a normal boiler (including a main boiler) or the like
  • the minimum value of the rising temperature of the water by the heating unit is the temperature of the water rising by the minimum heating amount of the heating unit.
  • a gas that does not require reforming such as pure hydrogen or a hydrogen-enriched gas, can be supplied as the hydrogen-containing fuel.
  • a reformer included in the hydrogen generator is not necessary.
  • the heat exchange unit is not limited to the one using the heat exchangers 22 and 31 described above, and can use the heat generated in the power generation unit to heat the water stored in the hot water tank. Applicable.
  • a fuel cell system includes a power generation unit including a cell stack that generates power using a hydrogen-containing gas, and combustion of off-gas discharged from the cell stack.
  • a heat exchanger that heats water by moving heat from gas to water, a hot water storage tank that stores water heated by the heat exchanger, and a first water flow path that circulates and circulates water from the hot water storage tank to the heat exchanger
  • a heating unit that heats the water when the temperature of the water heated at the predetermined temperature is lower than the required temperature of the predetermined facility, and a first branch on the downstream side of the heat exchanger in the first water flow path.
  • a third water channel that merges with a second position upstream of the heating unit in the water channel;
  • the first water flow path from the hot water storage tank to the predetermined facility via the second water flow path and the first water flow path from the hot water storage tank
  • a second water flow path system that reaches a predetermined facility via a portion upstream of the first position, a third water flow path, and a second downstream position of the second water flow path in the second water flow path.
  • a switching unit for switching the water flow path system.
  • a water flow path system for supplying hot water (water heated by a heat exchanger) to a predetermined facility is provided from the hot water tank to the predetermined facility via the heating unit without passing through the heat exchanger. It is switched between the first water flow path system that reaches and the second water flow path system that reaches the predetermined facility from the hot water storage tank via the heat exchanger and the heating unit. Therefore, for example, when the temperature of the water heated by the heat exchanger is lower than the required temperature of a predetermined facility, the water is stored in the hot water storage tank by switching from the first water channel system to the second water channel system.
  • Hot water can be supplied from a hot water storage tank to a predetermined facility via a heat exchanger and a heating unit while suppressing a decrease in the temperature of the water being stored. And since water is preheated with a heat exchanger before reaching a heating part, the load of a heating part can be reduced. Therefore, according to this fuel cell system, hot water can be efficiently supplied to a predetermined facility.
  • the switching unit may switch from the first water channel system to the second water channel system when the temperature of the water heated by the heat exchanger is lower than the required temperature. According to this, as above-mentioned, while being able to suppress the fall of the temperature of the water currently stored by the hot water storage tank, the load of a heating part can be reduced.
  • the switching unit is configured so that when the temperature of the water heated by the heat exchanger is lower than the required temperature and the difference is smaller than the minimum value of the rising temperature of the water by the heating unit, the switching unit You may switch to a 2nd water flow path system.
  • the temperature of the hot water supplied to a predetermined facility is adjusted so as not to exceed the required temperature by adding water to the hot water before supplying it to the heating unit.
  • such adjustment is not necessary by switching from the first water channel system to the second water channel system.
  • hot water can be efficiently supplied to a predetermined facility.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

Comme systèmes de canalisation d'eau servant à fournir de l'eau chaude (eau retenue dans un réservoir (23) de stockage d'eau chaude) à une installation (F), le système (1) de piles à combustible de l'invention comporte: un système (FS1) de canalisation d'eau qui relie l'installation (F) à une région (23H) de retenue d'eau du réservoir (23) de stockage d'eau chaude, par l'intermédiaire d'une chaudière (24) de secours; et un système (FS2) de canalisation d'eau, qui relie l'installation (F) à une région (23L) de retenue d'eau du réservoir (23) de stockage d'eau chaude, par l'intermédiaire de la chaudière (24) de secours. Une unité de commutation (25), par exemple, fait passer le circuit du système (FS1) de canalisation d'eau au système (FS2) de canalisation d'eau quand la température de l'eau, retenue dans la région (23H) de retenue d'eau, est inférieure à la température requise par l'installation (F).
PCT/JP2011/080258 2010-12-28 2011-12-27 Système de piles à combustible WO2012091030A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019196286A (ja) * 2018-05-11 2019-11-14 東京瓦斯株式会社 二酸化炭素供給システム
JP2021001110A (ja) * 2020-09-02 2021-01-07 東京瓦斯株式会社 二酸化炭素供給システム

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JPS5955349U (ja) * 1982-10-04 1984-04-11 小型ガス冷房技術研究組合 貯湯式給湯装置
JP2003314894A (ja) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-06 Matsushita Ecology Systems Co Ltd 燃料電池コージェネレーションシステム
JP2006125654A (ja) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ヒートポンプ給湯機
JP2007273252A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 固体酸化物型燃料電池システム
JP2007311036A (ja) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法、及びそのプログラム
JP2010236713A (ja) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-21 Noritz Corp 貯湯式給湯システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5955349U (ja) * 1982-10-04 1984-04-11 小型ガス冷房技術研究組合 貯湯式給湯装置
JP2003314894A (ja) * 2002-04-22 2003-11-06 Matsushita Ecology Systems Co Ltd 燃料電池コージェネレーションシステム
JP2006125654A (ja) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ヒートポンプ給湯機
JP2007273252A (ja) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 固体酸化物型燃料電池システム
JP2007311036A (ja) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-29 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システム制御方法、及びそのプログラム
JP2010236713A (ja) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-21 Noritz Corp 貯湯式給湯システム

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019196286A (ja) * 2018-05-11 2019-11-14 東京瓦斯株式会社 二酸化炭素供給システム
WO2019216047A1 (fr) * 2018-05-11 2019-11-14 東京瓦斯株式会社 Système d'alimentation en dioxyde de carbone
JP2021001110A (ja) * 2020-09-02 2021-01-07 東京瓦斯株式会社 二酸化炭素供給システム
JP7065918B2 (ja) 2020-09-02 2022-05-12 東京瓦斯株式会社 二酸化炭素供給システム

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