WO2012090165A1 - Dispositif et procédé de bourrage - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de bourrage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012090165A1
WO2012090165A1 PCT/IB2011/055985 IB2011055985W WO2012090165A1 WO 2012090165 A1 WO2012090165 A1 WO 2012090165A1 IB 2011055985 W IB2011055985 W IB 2011055985W WO 2012090165 A1 WO2012090165 A1 WO 2012090165A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tamp
capsule
superabsorbent polymer
blast hole
polyacrylate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2011/055985
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roderick Macdonald Smart
Original Assignee
Stratabolt (Proprietary) Limited
WOTHERSPOON, James, R., E.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stratabolt (Proprietary) Limited, WOTHERSPOON, James, R., E. filed Critical Stratabolt (Proprietary) Limited
Publication of WO2012090165A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012090165A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/24—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor characterised by the tamping material
    • F42D1/28—Tamping with gelling agents

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a method and a device for tamping a blast hole.
  • Examples include: factory prepared tamps of clay or clay and sand mixtures, stone fragments which may be loose or contained in prefilled tubes, tubes filled with water in situ, factory prepared tubes containing gelatinised water, expanding rigid or semi-rigid foams sprayed into the blast hole, chemical mixtures that react in situ to form tamps and engineered devices with protuberances that restrain outward movement from the blast hole.
  • Each of the mentioned examples of tamping devices suffers from unique disadvantages.
  • the method of tamping with clay or similar material suffers from the disadvantage that the tamping is relatively difficult to remove from the blast hole in the event of a misfire.
  • Each of the factory prepared tamps mentioned, whether solid, liquid or gel, suffers from the disadvantage that they are relatively heavy and voluminous. This may result in high transport costs and could make handling challenging; space often being extremely limited in the immediate area of the blast hole.
  • the engineered devices are lightweight but relatively expensive. The filling of tubes with water can be time consuming.
  • a further disadvantage associated with solid tamping devices is the risk that the solid tamping device may be ejected from the blast hole as a dangerous projectile during the blasting operation.
  • a tamp for tamping a blast hole comprising a superabsorbent polymer component and a semi-permeable membrane.
  • the superabsorbent polymer may be capable of absorbing aqueous liquids to form a hydrogel.
  • the superabsorbent polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, polymethylacrylate and polyacrylate salt.
  • the polyacrylate salt is preferably selected from sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, lithium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate.
  • the superabsorbent polymer is cross-linked sodium polyacrylate.
  • the superabsorbent polymer component may be in particulate form but it will be appreciated that the superabsorbent polymer component may be wetted to some degree.
  • the semi-permeable membrane may be arranged to form a closed vessel, preferably a capsule, with the superabsorbent polymer component contained in the capsule.
  • At least one end of the closed vessel is formed at an angle of about 45 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the closed vessel.
  • the superabsorbent polymer component is preferably substantially uniformly dispersed within the capsule. This may be achieved by rendering an inner surface of the capsule adhesive such that particulate granules adhere to the surface.
  • the superabsorbent polymer component may be coated on an inner surface of the capsule, for example, applied by way of a coating solution or other layer.
  • the semi-permeable membrane is preferably a non-woven material.
  • the tamp is charged with less than about 50% by volume of substantially dry superabsorbent polymer component of the volume of the expanded capsule, preferably less than about 25% by volume, preferably less than about 15% by volume, most preferably less than about 5% by volume.
  • the tamp may be a capsule having a diameter slightly less than that of the blast hole into which it is introduced when the tamp is soaked with an aqueous liquid before its insertion into the blast hole.
  • the tamp may be a capsule having a diameter slightly more that of the blast hole into which it is introduced when the tamp is soaked with an aqueous liquid after its insertion into the blast hole.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a tamp according to the present invention before wetting
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a tamp according to the present invention after wetting. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • This invention provides for a tamp for tamping blast holes comprising an absorbent component and a semi-permeable membrane.
  • the semi-permeable membrane is preferably arranged to form a capsule.
  • the length of the capsule may vary depending on the depth of the blast hole to be tamped.
  • the width of the capsule may be selected in manner which will provide for a final diameter, after the tamp has been soaked in an aqueous liquid for a period of time which allows for the absorption and retention of aqueous liquid by the absorbent component, that is slightly less than the diameter of the blast hole to be tamped.
  • the seams of the capsule may be formed by stitching, chemical bonding, heat sealing or any other means of physical closure.
  • One or both of the ends of the capsule may be formed at a 45 degree angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the capsule. The angled end or ends facilitate an easy insertion of the capsule into the blast hole. If the end or ends of the tube are square, they tend to form protrusions that extend beyond the mean cross-section of the capsule which obstructs insertion in the blast hole.
  • the semi-permeable membrane is preferably non-woven material. None- woven material is a fabric like material made from long fibres bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat and/or solvent treatment.
  • the semi-permeable membrane is non-woven polyester cloth. Even more preferably, the semi-permeable membrane is non-woven cloth comprising a mixture of polyethelene and polypropylene.
  • the absorbent component may be in particulate form.
  • the absorbent component is preferably included in the capsule, even more preferably the absorbent component is substantially uniformly dispersed in the capsule and most preferably the absorbent component is coated on an inner surface of the capsule.
  • the absorbent component may also be in a compressed tablet form.
  • the superabsorbent polymer tablet may be formulated to contain an agent that increases the rate of disintegration of the tablet, for example an effervescent agent.
  • the capsule is preferably charged with the absorbent component at a volume percentage of dry absorbent component relative to the volume of the expanded capsule of preferably less than about 50 %, even more preferably less than about 25 %, even more preferably less than about 5 % and most preferably less than about 5 %. It will be appreciated that the capsule may be substantially under filled thereby allowing the capsules to be packaged, and therefore transported, in an essentially horizontally flat configuration.
  • the capsule is preferably charged with the absorbent component at a weight percentage of dry absorbent component relative to the weight of the expanded capsule of preferably less than about 50 %, even more preferably less than about 25 %, even more preferably less than about 15 % and most preferably less than about 5 % by weight. It will be appreciated that the capsule may be substantially under filled thereby allowing the capsules to be packaged, and therefore transported, in an essentially flat compacted configuration which results in significant cost savings.
  • the absorbent component is preferably a superabsorbent polymer.
  • Superabsorbent polymers are polymers that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to their own mass.
  • the superabsorbent polymer may also be a superabsorbent polymer that absorbs aqueous liquids and retains water through hydrogen bonding within the structure of the polymer thereby forming what is known as a hydrogel.
  • the superabsorbent polymer can absorb and retain more than about 10 times its own mass, more preferably more than about 50 times its own mass, even more preferably more than about 100 times its own mass, even more preferably more than about 200 times its own mass, even more preferably more than about 500 times its own mass and most preferably more than about 600 times its own mass.
  • the substantially dry tamp is soaked in liquid prior to insertion into the already charged blast hole.
  • the liquid may be an aqueous liquid.
  • the tamp may be soaked in the liquid until it attains a diameter slightly less than that of the blast hole into which will be inserted.
  • the substantially dry tamp may also be wetted after insertion into the blast hole.
  • the period of soaking of the substantially dry tamp before it reaches the required degree of saturation will be dependent on several factors including: the nature of the semi-permeable membrane, the nature of the soaking liquid, the temperature of the soaking liquid, the nature of the absorbent component, the amount of absorbent component relative to the surface area of the capsule and the final tamp diameter required as defined by the diameter of the blast hole.
  • a tamp according to the present invention once wetted, will eventually dry out after a period of time and may be reused by re-soaking in an aqueous liquid.
  • low mass tamps can be conveniently manufactured in a factory and transported at lower cost and conveniently to the workplace.
  • the final preparation is a simple soaking operation that can be done concurrently with other tasks, so not increasing the workload on the operators.
  • the wetted tamp can be easily removed from the blast hole in the event of a misfire.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that the tamps of this invention can be packed with the explosives to be used for blasting due to the low mass and volume of the tamps.
  • Explosives cartridges are conventionally packed in crates having a final mass of about 25 kg, there being a resistance to crates with a heavier final mass due to the difficulties associated with carrying the crates in confined underground spaces.
  • These crates typically contain about 200 to 300 cartridge units, the units each having a diameter of about 22 to about 32 mm and a length of about 200 to about 300 mm . Therefore, as a result of the low volume and mass, about 60 to 100 tamps can easily be accommodated within the same explosives crate. This configuration significantly reduces the logistical hurdles associated with having the explosives cartridges and tamping devices ready, at the required time and in the correct numbers, at the blast face.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that the low volume and mass of the tamps reduces the cost of transportation, relative to tamping devices known in the art, to such an extent that export becomes potentially viable.
  • the semi-permeable membrane (11/21 ) defining the elongate capsule (10/20) was non-woven polyester cloth of the type manufactured by Freudenberg Inc in South Africa.
  • the longitudinal seam (13) of the capsule was formed by stitching the polyester cloth (11/21 ) together to form an elongated sheath of desired length and width.
  • the one terminal end of the sheath was stitched closed (12/22) forming an elongate capsule with three stitched sides and one open terminal end.
  • the one terminal end of the elongate capsule was left open to provide for charging of the capsule with the sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer.
  • the capsule (10) was initially in the form of a substantially flat sachet wherein the sachet had a length of 240 mm and a width of 60 mm.
  • the capsule (10) was charged with 7 g of sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer (Favorpak 230, sold by inova RSA under the trade mark Fosge!). This material is capable of absorbing and retaining (gelatinising) 200 times its mass in water. It will be appreciated that placing of the superabsorbent polymer couid be effected by bonding it to one side of the membrane prior to forming the sachet (capsule) or dispensing into pre-formed sachets (capsules) or by a form-fill-seal process as commonly found in the industry.
  • the open terminal end of the capsule was stitched closed (14/24) to form the final, substantially dry, tamp (10).
  • the internal volume of the sachet (capsule), when fully expanded into cylindrical form (20) is 272 cubic centimetres whereas the volume of the Fosgel is less than 3 cubic centimetres so the sachet is substantially underfilled and can be packed almost flat.
  • the tamp was submerged in water for a period of 2 minutes.
  • the superabsorbent polymer had absorbed water through the semi-permeable membrane allowing the tamp to swell to a substantially cylindrical capsule (20) with a diameter of 38 mm and a length of 240 mm.
  • the mass of the wetted tamp had increased from the dry mass of 8.5 g to 275 g.
  • the wetted tamp (20) was inserted into a charged blast hole as a tamping device (stemming plug).
  • the semi-permeable membrane defining the elongate capsule was a bi- Component non-woven cioth comprising polyethelene and polypropyene manufactured by Freudenberg Nonwovens (Pty) Ltd in South Africa under the trade mark VILEDON ® (style number: MB040).
  • Two capsules of 300 mm in length and 48 mm in diameter were formed and tested by soaking the capsules in water at 30°C. Both capsules were filled with ca. 3.8 g of superabsorbent polymer per capsule.
  • the superabsorbent polymer used was cross-linked sodium polyacrylate sold under the trade mark FAVOR ® -PAC 400 by Evonik Stockhausen GmbH.
  • Capsule number 1 the superabsorbent polymer was contained at one terminal end of the capsule, while in Capsule number 2 the superabsorbent polymer was uniformly distributed along the length of the capsule.
  • the capsules were immersed in water at 30°C in order to compare the effect of the distribution of the superabsorbent polymer on the soak time. The capsules were compared at time intervals of 1 , 1.5, 2, 3 and 3.5 minutes. After a visual evaluation a "% filled" number was assigned to each capsule.
  • Capsule 1 was judged to be filled at 80% after 1 minute, 90% after 2 minutes and 100% after 3.5 minutes with some manipulation.
  • Capsule 2 (uniform distribution of superabsorbent polymer) was judged to be filled at 75% after 1 minute, greater than 95% after 1.5 minutes and 100% after 2 minutes.
  • Capsule 1 had a final mass of 449.1 g and Capsule 2 had a final mass of 452.4 g.
  • the semi-permeable membrane defining the elongate capsule was a bi- component non-woven cloth comprising polyethelene and polypropyene manufactured by Freudenberg Nonwovens (Pty) Ltd in South Africa under the trade mark VILEDON ® (style number: MB040).
  • Two capsules of 45 mm diameter and two capsules of 38 mm diameter were formed and tested by soaking the capsules in water at 30°C. Both capsules had a length of 300 mm and both were filled with ca. 3.8 g of superabsorbent polymer per capsule.
  • the superabsorbent polymer used was cross-linked sodium polyacrylate sold under the trade mark FAVOR ® - PAC 400 by Evonik Stockhausen GmbH. All four capsules were formed having one terminal end of each capsule at about 45 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the capsule.
  • Capsules A and B had a diameter of 45 mm, while capsules C and D had a diameter of 38 mm.
  • the superabsorbent polymer was contained at one terminal end of each capsule for capsules A and C, while it was uniformly distributed along the length of the capsule for capsules B and D.
  • the capsules were immersed in water at 30°C in order to compare the effect of the distribution of the superabsorbent polymer on the soak time. The capsules were compared at time intervals of 1 , 3 and 5 minutes. After a visual evaluation a "% Filled" number was assignd to each capsule.
  • Capsule A was judged to be filled at 60 - 70% after 1 minute, at 80 - 85% after 2 minutes, at 100% after 3 minutes (one end softer), and at 100% with even distribution after 5 minutes.
  • Capsule B was judged to be filled at 70% after 1 minute, at 90% after 2 minutes, at 100% after 3 minutes (one end softer), and at 100% with even distribution after 5 minutes.
  • Capsule C was judged to be filled at 60% after 1 minute, at 80% after 2 minutes, at 90% after 3 minutes, and at 00% with even distribution after 5 minutes.
  • Capsule D was judged to be filled at 70% after 1 minute, and at 00% after 2 minutes, at 100% with even distribution after 2 minutes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un organe de bourrage destiné à bourrer un trou de mine, l'organe de bourrage comprenant un composant polymère superabsorbant et une membrane semi-perméable (11). L'invention concerne également un procédé de bourrage d'un trou de mine comprenant l'insertion d'un organe de bourrage dans le trou de mine, ledit organe de bourrage comprenant un composant polymère superabsorbant et une membrane semi-perméable, et l'organe de bourrage étant imbibé d'un liquide aqueux avant ou après son insertion dans le trou de mine de sorte qu'il se dilate et entre en contact les parois du trou.
PCT/IB2011/055985 2010-12-29 2011-12-28 Dispositif et procédé de bourrage WO2012090165A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1022072.1A GB201022072D0 (en) 2010-12-29 2010-12-29 Tamping device and method
GB1022072.1 2010-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012090165A1 true WO2012090165A1 (fr) 2012-07-05

Family

ID=43599087

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2011/055985 WO2012090165A1 (fr) 2010-12-29 2011-12-28 Dispositif et procédé de bourrage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB201022072D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012090165A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103792292A (zh) * 2014-01-27 2014-05-14 中国矿业大学 一种松动圈超声波测试探头耦合方法
WO2014201514A1 (fr) * 2013-06-17 2014-12-24 Allen Park Systèmes et procédés d'explosion
CN104567564A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-04-29 中国矿业大学 裂隙岩体的水介质不耦合装药爆破方法
WO2018170556A1 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
US10222191B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2019-03-05 Blast Boss Pty Ltd Composition and method for blast hole loading
CN113310373A (zh) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-27 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 炮孔堵塞装置、上向炮孔的密封方法
CN114413699A (zh) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 东北大学 一种炮孔堵塞用自膨胀片剂及其制备与使用方法
CN114963910A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-08-30 中铁建大桥工程局集团第三工程有限公司 一种爆破装药结构及其施工方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4214532A (en) * 1977-05-07 1980-07-29 Coreplugs Limited Stemming
GB2336863A (en) * 1998-05-01 1999-11-03 Alan Hetherington A method of blasting
AU718409B2 (en) * 1994-04-11 2000-04-13 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Stabilized munitions
WO2002084206A1 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-24 Blast-Tech Australia Pty Ltd Procede et appareil pour le chargement d'un trou de mine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4214532A (en) * 1977-05-07 1980-07-29 Coreplugs Limited Stemming
AU718409B2 (en) * 1994-04-11 2000-04-13 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Stabilized munitions
GB2336863A (en) * 1998-05-01 1999-11-03 Alan Hetherington A method of blasting
WO2002084206A1 (fr) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-24 Blast-Tech Australia Pty Ltd Procede et appareil pour le chargement d'un trou de mine

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10030959B2 (en) 2013-06-17 2018-07-24 Allen Park Blasting systems and methods
WO2014201514A1 (fr) * 2013-06-17 2014-12-24 Allen Park Systèmes et procédés d'explosion
CN105308410A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2016-02-03 艾伦·帕克 爆破系统和方法
EP3011261A4 (fr) * 2013-06-17 2017-01-04 Allen Park Systèmes et procédés d'explosion
AU2014284122B2 (en) * 2013-06-17 2018-07-19 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Blasting systems and methods
CN103792292A (zh) * 2014-01-27 2014-05-14 中国矿业大学 一种松动圈超声波测试探头耦合方法
US10222191B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2019-03-05 Blast Boss Pty Ltd Composition and method for blast hole loading
CN104567564A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2015-04-29 中国矿业大学 裂隙岩体的水介质不耦合装药爆破方法
WO2018170556A1 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
EP3601942A4 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2020-12-23 PWS Systems PTY Ltd Procédé et système de dynamitage
US11060832B2 (en) 2017-03-23 2021-07-13 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Blasting method and system
AU2018238199B2 (en) * 2017-03-23 2023-06-29 Pws Systems Pty Ltd Blasting method and system
CN113310373A (zh) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-27 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司 炮孔堵塞装置、上向炮孔的密封方法
CN114413699A (zh) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-29 东北大学 一种炮孔堵塞用自膨胀片剂及其制备与使用方法
CN114413699B (zh) * 2022-01-21 2022-10-18 东北大学 一种炮孔堵塞用自膨胀片剂及其制备与使用方法
CN114963910A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-08-30 中铁建大桥工程局集团第三工程有限公司 一种爆破装药结构及其施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201022072D0 (en) 2011-02-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2012090165A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de bourrage
CN105874299B (zh) 设置有气隙的炸药管及利用此炸药管的岩石爆破施工法
CN101545747B (zh) 定向卸压隔振爆破装药结构
ES2762623T3 (es) Composición y método para la carga de pozos de voladura
CN103278404A (zh) 一种用于模拟深部岩体冲击破坏的试验装置及方法
JP2010096419A (ja) トンネル工事における発破粉塵の抑制方法
JP2807816B2 (ja) 火砲用推進剤製薬体及びそのような製薬体の製造方法
RU2694664C2 (ru) Системы и способы осуществления взрывных работ
CN217585518U (zh) 一种爆破装药结构
JP3451299B2 (ja) 装薬層の内部に埋蔵されるエアバッグを利用した岩盤の発破方法
US20070107820A1 (en) Gas-generating compositions, fracturing system and method of fracturing material
CN104833281B (zh) 一种应用于高温炮孔内的耐温吸热保护结构
CN205090890U (zh) 一种用于高温火区的起爆装置
CN105627852B (zh) 一种高温炮孔炸药保护装置及其使用方法
CN105091679A (zh) 一种用于高温火区的起爆装置及其装配方法
CN212458150U (zh) 一种深孔爆破封孔装置和深孔爆破封孔结构
CN111780636A (zh) 一种用于露天矿山高温爆破的装置与方法
CN209745135U (zh) 隧道开挖装置
CN204718517U (zh) 一种应用于高温炮孔内的耐温吸热保护结构
CN114963910A (zh) 一种爆破装药结构及其施工方法
CN108931166A (zh) 一种s形切缝药包及其生产方法
JPH084472A (ja) 岩盤等の破砕装置
JPH0343560B2 (fr)
CN213540472U (zh) 一种露天深孔爆破用爆破炮泥填塞结构
CA3057165C (fr) Procede et systeme de dynamitage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11813708

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11813708

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1