WO2012084188A1

WO2012084188A1 - Power generating set, internal combustion engine thereof and crankcase therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2012084188A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/006420
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst SCHRENK; Erich Eder; Tobias Winter
Original assignee: Eme-Slr Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-12-23
Filing date: 2011-12-20
Publication date: 2012-06-28
Also published as: DE102010055756B4; DE102010055756A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a vertical crankshaft and cylinders connected thereto in the manner of a radial engine, a V-type engine, a flat engine or similarly connected cylinders, characterised in that a dry sump lubrication is provided, wherein the lower end of the crankshaft is mounted in a bearing plate which is securely attached to the crankcase (3) and which is arranged or designed so as to be suitable for the inflow of oil out of the crank mechanism into an oil collecting chamber below the bearing plate, said oil collecting chamber being connected via a pump path to a clean oil reservoir (16) for clean oil.

Description

POWER SUPPLY, INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CRANKCASE HOLDER THEREFOR

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, a crankcase for this purpose and a generator with internal combustion engine and generator.

Generators of the type mentioned in compact design are increasingly in demand as Range Extender for vehicles to drive construction machinery, agricultural machinery, industrial drive, emergency generator, APU, combined heat and power plant or the same. It is often, z. B. in applications as a range extender in electric vehicles to the placement of such generators in the smallest installation spaces z. B. in the underfloor area or in the vehicle interior under the rear seats.

Such units serve as a range extender to increase the vehicle range, the existing vehicle battery is charged either during driving or at a standstill of the vehicle. The charge of the batteries is controlled so that their charge state does not fall below about 20% of the maximum capacity. A suitable for this purpose aggregate concept includes an internal combustion engine with a power of 10 to 40 kW with integrated generator, the latter preferably as a PM generator, built on an engine with a vertical crankshaft and a total stroke to about 1.2 1. With this type and control of a range extender, a stay of the vehicle is reliably avoided on the way home, because the motor drive provides a virtually unlimited reserve to maintain a minimum state of charge of the battery to deliver their normal power to the electric drive motors of the vehicle.

In addition, further requirements for suitable engine concepts such as favorable NVH behavior - NVH stands for engine properties in terms of noise, vibration, harshness - as well as the avoidance of disturbing inertial forces through the selection of proven engine types, which meet future emission requirements such as Euro V / VI and are preferably water cooled.

The waste heat of the internal combustion engine can be used for heating purposes and in particular allows a rapid raising of the battery temperature in cold start situations.

Due to the feed contribution of the range extender forming generator whose battery packs can be designed correspondingly smaller, with a noticeable cost and weight savings is possible.

Accordingly, the present invention, the object of providing a generating set, which a application-optimized internal combustion engine and with this generator forming an advantageous structural unit summarized, so that the combined generator in terms of its installation height meets minimum requirements and also combines the above-mentioned advantageous properties on it. In addition to a suitable selection of generator and engine design, it is in particular the achievement of constructive considerations in the design of the crankcase for the internal combustion engine, which allow in their interaction a further reduction of the height on the side of the engine, so that all components of the generator in one flat installation space can be found.

According to the invention is a suitable internal combustion engine with a vertical crankshaft and in the manner of a

Star engine, a V-engine, a boxer engine or the like connected cylinders provided. To minimize the height of the latter preferably has a dry sump lubrication, wherein the lower end of the crankshaft is mounted in a fixed bearing plate with the crankcase, which is suitably arranged or formed for the inflow of oil from the crank mechanism in a flat oil collection space below the bearing plate, which Oil collection chamber is connected via a pump path with an oil reservoir for pure oil.

Due to this design without the usual oil sump and their replacement by a elsewhere in the Kur- Belgehäuses arranged oil reservoir shrinks the height of the engine noticeably.

In this case, a further step in this direction can still be that a particularly flat-built PM generator is selected, which is placed on top of the internal combustion engine instead of a flywheel, where it rotates about the upper end of the crankshaft.

As suitable engine concepts for the internal combustion engine, a two-cylinder boxer engine, a two-cylinder 90 ° V engine, a two-cylinder 180 ° V engine or a radial engine are preferred; These are engine types, which are generally short construction, with the radial engine, the lowest height, with vertical crankshaft allows. In the two-cylinder boxer engine, however, the two cylinders are not exactly opposite one another but are slightly offset in height relative to one another in accordance with the well-known design principle of the boxer engine. By contrast, the 90 ° V engine with slightly offset cylinders is lower by one crank-width, although higher-order inertia forces are to be expected, which are completely avoided in the boxer engine. With the 180 ° V engine with forklift and the radial engine, the cylinders are directly opposite each other, which enables their particularly low overall height.

In this way, with suitable design of the crankcase, the overall height of the combustion engine can be achieved. lower than 200mm. In addition to a built-up flywheel PM generator then results in a maximum aggregate height of less than 250mm for the boxer engine; all other engine concepts are still below. This low height is, as the expert knows, unique, ie so far been achieved by any known design for the mentioned power range of 10 to 40 kW.

A particularly advantageous structural measure in the context of the present concept for a novel internal combustion engine is the special design of said bearing plate.

This can have a plurality of centering for attachment of the crankcase in the interior of the crankcase to stiffen the crankcase.

It may also be connected to the crankcase at a distance along its outer circumference to encourage the flow of oil from the engine compartment into the oil collecting space. The same purpose serves a plurality of openings of the bearing plate. From the oil collecting space below the bearing plate, the used oil is then sucked off in the sense of a dry sump lubrication and fed to the oil reservoir for the clean oil.

In a suitably designed crankcase for a vertical crankshaft internal combustion engine, dry sump lubrication is within the crankcase formed integrally with it, wherein the crankcase comprises a separate from an oil collecting space clean oil tank for the treated oil from the oil collecting space.

Appropriately, and in turn with the aim of reducing the height of the clean oil tank is arranged above the oil collection chamber side of the crank chamber and formed with a lid as oil-tight closed container.

While the crankcase is closed up to this cover at the top, it is designed to be open at the bottom, wherein the oil collection chamber above a there oil-tightly connected housing bottom inside the

Crankcase is arranged. Through this housing bottom, the crankcase is thus sealed downwards oil-tight. It is otherwise undivided and includes the usual cylinder dome for the two cylinders, which connect to the center of the housing to the wall of the central crank chamber in addition to the oil sump and the clean oil tank.

To the crankcase further suitable shafts for the valve bumpers are formed, which extend laterally of the cylinder dome from the camshaft bearing housing to the flanges for the cylinder heads.

Overall, the one-piece crankcase thus described describes a transversely to the crankshaft gese- hen substantially square cross-section, wherein approximately diagonally projecting fastening tabs are formed in the four corner regions.

It goes without saying that all described parts or sections of the crankcase are arranged spatially next to each other, so that in this way the strict specification of a low height can be achieved.

This purpose also serves the arrangement of the oil pump of the pump path, wherein a first oil pump is provided, which promotes oil from the oil collection chamber via an oil filter in the clean oil tank and wherein a second oil pump is provided which conveys pure oil from the clean oil tank to the bearings of the lubrication.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, both oil pumps are arranged in the interior of the clean oil tank, where they preferably sit on the same drive shaft and wherein the first oil pump has a larger capacity than the second oil pump to ensure the emptying of the oil collecting space in the larger-sized clean oil tank.

Another very advantageous embodiment is that the adjoining the outer wall of the crankcase wall portion of the clean oil tank is designed as a double wall, the gap is traversed by cooling water and is connected to the cooling water chambers of the cylinder. In this way, it succeeds, the Use cooling water for effective cooling of the pure oil.

Overall, contributes within the scope of the invention as explained above designed crankcase in terms of a synergetic interaction of its design elements significantly to achieve the primary objective of a crowded in height construction of the engine. It opens up the possibility of using the overall height of the generator using a

Inventive designed internal combustion engine to less than 250 mm.

In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. It shows:

1 is a generator in the top view,

Fig. 2, the generator of FIG. 1 with remote

Generator unit and open clean oil tank,

3 is a view of the generator according to FIG. 1 from below with the housing bottom removed, FIG.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the generator according to

Arrow IV in Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a side view of the generator according to

Arrow V in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 side view of the generator according to

Arrow VI in Fig. 1 and

Fig. 7 is a section through the generator along the crankshaft axis.

In the plan view of the generator set according to FIG. 1, a rotor 2 of a PM generator, which is constructed on the internal combustion engine at the upper end of its vertical crankshaft 33, can be seen in the center of a ventilating wheel 1, which serves for the fan cooling of the internal combustion engine. Under the fan 1 is an internal combustion engine in the form of a two-cylinder boxer engine with the crankcase 3, the engine cylinders 8, the cylinder heads 4 and the Zylinderkopfdeckein 5. At the crankcase 3 engine feet 6 are cast in the four corners. An oil reservoir 16 for clean oil is located under a cover 7 of the crankcase 3. Furthermore, a filler cap 9 for engine oil can be seen.

Fig. 2 also shows a plan view of the internal combustion engine with removed assembly of PM generator and fan 1. On the top of the wall 10 of the crankcase of the crankcase 3 are each with the same radial distance from the crankshaft axis mounting blocks 11 for mounting the PM generator intended. On the right cylinder head 4 you can see the

Exhaust duct 14 with end flange 15 to exhaust pipe. A molded on the crankcase 3 clean oil tank 16 for pure oil, the cover 7 is removed, has a double wall 17, the interior 18 is cooled with cooling water of the engine cooling. Inside the clean oil tank 16 for clean oil there is a crude oil channel 20 through which crude oil from two oil pumps 21, 22 arranged one behind the other is conveyed through an oil outlet opening 23 into the clean oil tank 16 via an oil filter 22 , The first oil pump 21a is connected under the bottom 24 of the clean oil tank 16 to an oil collecting space 25 for crude oil from the crank chamber 26; the second oil pump 21b sits on the same drive shaft above and delivers clean oil to the

Bearings.

Fig. 3 shows the view of the internal combustion engine from below with the bottom flange 27 of the crankcase 3 unscrewed bottom 28. The bumpers 29 are actuated via cams, which are located on the back of the gear 30 on the camshaft 31. The gear 30 on the camshaft 31 is driven by the gear 32 on the crankshaft 33. Via an intermediate gear 34 drives the gear 32 on the crankshaft 33, a gear 35 for driving the two oil pumps.

Furthermore, it can be seen in Fig. 3, a cover 36 for access to the oil filter. The crankshaft 33 is mounted with its lower end in a bearing plate 37 which, by means of the screws 38, is connected to the crankcase 3. is screwed. The bearing plate 37 has a bearing plate extension 39, on which the gear 35 is mounted for driving the oil pumps. The bearing plate 37 also has a number of openings 40 for the passage of the oil from the crank chamber 26 in the flat oil collecting space 25 above the bottom 28 of the crankcase 3. To its centric fixation, the bearing plate 37 has a plurality of centering projections 13, which in corresponding seats in the interior Crankcase 3 intervene.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show different side views according to the arrows IV, V and VI in FIG. 1.

In these three side views, the reference numerals according to FIGS. 1-3 are used for the same parts, which thus require no further mention. Fan blades 41 of the fan 1 are located above the PM generator 2. Its sectional view of FIG. 7 shows the stator 42 and the rotor 43 of the PM generator 2. Between the two permanent magnets 44 are arranged on the inner circumference of the rotor 43.

In Fig. 5 is shown in the center of the camshaft slot 45, in the interior of which in addition to a (not shown) short camshaft and the camshaft gear 30 (Fig. 3) are arranged. To both

Cylinder heads 4, the respective intake port 46 is shown with intake flange 47. Fig. 6 shows the side view of a cylinder head cover 5; Furthermore, you can see two of the tie rods 48 of the engine. Finally, FIG. 6 shows the external view of the oil container 16 with its cooling water inlet 19.

Fig. 7 shows a section through the generator along the crankshaft axis. Again, the components already described above are provided with the same reference numerals. It can be seen that the two cylinders 8 with piston 53 and connecting rod 52, as in the

known two-cylinder boxer engine usual, offset in height by a crank arm width. This offset by the width of the middle crank arm 49 is omitted in the 180 ° -V engine and the radial engine, so that their height is reduced accordingly. In a two-cylinder boxer engine, it is possible to limit the total height k of the pure combustion engine without PM generator to about 200mm. If one decides for one of the above-mentioned alternative engine variants, the overall height k can even be reduced to a dimension below 200 mm.

Claims

claims

1. Internal combustion engine with vertical crankshaft (33) and connected thereto in the manner of a radial engine, a V-engine, a boxer engine or the like connected cylinders (8) and a dry sump lubrication, the oil collection space (25) via a pump with a

Pure oil container (16) is connected,

characterized in that

the lower end of the crankshaft (33) in an im

Inside the crankcase (3) by means of screws (38) mounted bearing plate (37) is mounted, which is responsible for the influx of oil from the crank mechanism in the

Oil collecting space (25) below the bearing plate (37) is suitably arranged or formed.

2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

that it is designed as a two-cylinder boxer engine.

3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

that it is designed as a two-cylinder 90 ° V-otor.

4. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

that it is designed as a two-cylinder 180 ° V engine.

5. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

in that the bearing plate (37) has a plurality of centering projections (13) for their attachment inside the crankcase (3).

6. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

in that the bearing plate (37) is connected at a distance to the crankcase (3) along its outer circumference.

7. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1,

characterized,

the bearing plate (37) has a plurality of

Having openings (40) for the oil passage.

8. crankcase according to claim 1,

characterized,

the clean oil container (16) is integrated with the crankcase (3) above the oil collecting space (25) on the side of the crank chamber (26) and provided with an oil-tight cover (7).

9. crankcase according to claim 8,

characterized,

that the oil collecting space (25) over an oil-tight

connected housing bottom (28) inside the

Crankcase (3) is formed.

10. Crankcase according to claim 8,

characterized,

in that the oil pumps (21a, 21b) of the dry lubrication are arranged in the interior of the clean oil container (16).

11. Crankcase according to claim 8,

characterized,

in that the wall part of the clean oil container (16) adjoining the outer wall of the crankcase (3) is designed as a double wall (17), through which cooling water flows through the intermediate space (18), and is connected to the cooling water chambers of the cylinders (8).

12. Generator with internal combustion engine and generator, in particular as a range extender for vehicles, for the operation of construction machinery, agricultural

Machines, as an industrial drive, emergency power generator, block power plant or the like,

with an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 in an embodiment according to one or more of claims 2 to 7, on which above, instead of the flywheel, a PM generator (2) is placed, and with a

Crankcase (3) according to claim 8, in a

Embodiment according to one or more of claims 9 to 11.