WO2012084101A2 - Motor vehicle device - Google Patents

Motor vehicle device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012084101A2
WO2012084101A2 PCT/EP2011/005760 EP2011005760W WO2012084101A2 WO 2012084101 A2 WO2012084101 A2 WO 2012084101A2 EP 2011005760 W EP2011005760 W EP 2011005760W WO 2012084101 A2 WO2012084101 A2 WO 2012084101A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
power transmission
vehicle
transmission unit
motor vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/005760
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012084101A3 (en
Inventor
Karlheinz Baier
Matthias Kronewitter
Thomas Weber
Original Assignee
Daimler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Ag filed Critical Daimler Ag
Publication of WO2012084101A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012084101A2/en
Publication of WO2012084101A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012084101A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B60L2220/54—Windings for different functions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle is already known from DE 10 2009 033 955 A1, with a charging device for charging a battery device, which has a vehicle-side power transmission unit, and with an electric motor drive unit, which has an inverter unit, which is provided for in a charging process of the battery device to be used known.
  • the invention is in particular the object of providing a simple motor vehicle device, through which a component number can be kept low particularly advantageous. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further embodiments emerge from the subclaims.
  • the invention is based on a motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle, with a charging device for charging a battery device, which has a vehicle-side power transmission unit, with an electric motor drive unit having an inverter unit, which is intended to be used in a charging process of the battery device to become.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit has at least one coil which is provided for a contactless energy transmission.
  • This allows a particularly simple transfer of energy to the battery device, which has a safety-relevant electrical isolation, which can be dispensed in particular to other components and measures for electrical isolation.
  • a “rechargeable battery device” is to be understood in particular as meaning a device for the temporary storage of electrical energy.
  • a unit should be understood which is intended to contactlessly receive or send electrical energy.
  • two energy transmission units are provided for a contactless transmission of electrical energy over a defined distance.
  • a “contactless energy transmission” is to be understood here as meaning, in particular, an electromagnetic, preferably an inductive energy transmission.
  • “Provided” is to be understood in particular to be specially programmed, equipped and / or designed.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit is provided to specify a voltage to a stationary power transmission unit in order to adapt a voltage in the vehicle-side power transmission unit for the battery device.
  • a "fixed power transmission unit” should be understood to mean, in particular, an energy transmission unit which is connected to an external power grid and is stationarily mounted at a location where the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle can be parked be understood that a current generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit has a level that is required for charging the battery device.
  • the motor vehicle device has a rectification device which is intended to rectify an alternating current transmitted by the energy transmission units.
  • the alternating current generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit can be converted in a particularly simple manner into a direct current which is suitable for charging the battery device.
  • at least one rectifier is to be understood as a "rectification device.”
  • the rectifier preferably has at least one diode.
  • the electric motor drive unit comprises an electric motor which has at least one motor coil, which is intended to be used as an energy store during the charging process. This can be particularly advantageous to dispense with additional inductors for energy storage.
  • the electric motor drive unit has a star point, via which the at least one motor coil is integrated into the charging process. This allows the current for charging the battery device particularly simple and advantageous Adhesive be passed through the electric motor drive unit.
  • a "star point of the electric motor” is to be understood in particular an electrical point, with respect to which the three motor coils are arranged electrically substantially symmetrically.
  • the inverter unit is provided for stepping down and / or boosting the voltage to a voltage level of the battery device. As a result, a voltage can be easily brought to a voltage level that is required for charging the battery device.
  • the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has a partially illustrated drive train with an electric motor drive unit 13 for a drive.
  • the drive train has a plurality of electric motor drive units 13.
  • the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has a battery device 1 1, which is provided to supply at least the electric motor drive unit 13 with energy.
  • the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has at least one internal combustion engine drive unit in the drive train.
  • the battery device 11 comprises a high-voltage battery.
  • the battery device 11 provides a DC voltage that is at least 100 volts.
  • the high-voltage battery comprises a plurality of individual cells connected in series.
  • a minimum battery voltage is 105.6 volts.
  • a maximum battery voltage is 413 volts, whereby the maximum battery voltage can also be larger.
  • the battery device 11 has two battery terminals, each forming a defined pole of the battery device 11.
  • the electric motor drive unit 13 includes an electric motor 17.
  • the electric motor 17 is formed as a three-phase motor.
  • the electric motor 17 comprises three motor coils 18, 19, 20.
  • the electric motor drive unit 13 comprises three motors. separated phases.
  • In a driving mode the electric motor 17 generates a drive torque from an electric power supplied thereto.
  • In a generator operating mode the electric motor 17 generates electric power from a mechanical power supplied thereto, which can be supplied to the electric motor drive unit via drive wheels, for example.
  • the three motor coils 18, 19, 20 are brought together at a neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17.
  • the star point 21 is formed as a central connection point.
  • the three motor coils 18, 19, 20 are arranged with respect to the neutral point 21 electrically symmetrical.
  • the electric motor drive unit 13 For electrical connection of the electric motor 17 to the battery device 11, the electric motor drive unit 13 comprises power electronics 22.
  • the power electronics 22 form an inverter unit 14.
  • the inverter unit 14 is formed by means of three non-illustrated half bridges. Each of the three half-bridges is electrically connected to one of the motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17.
  • Each half-bridge comprises two switching elements and two freewheeling diodes arranged parallel to the switching elements.
  • the freewheeling diodes of a half-bridge are arranged opposite.
  • the motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17 are connected to a bridge point of the respective half-bridge.
  • the switching elements of the half bridges are designed as transistors.
  • the inverter unit 14 In the driving mode, the inverter unit 14 generates an AC voltage from the DC voltage of the battery device 11.
  • the AC voltage generated by the inverter unit 14 defines a power that the electric motor 17 outputs.
  • a rotational speed which has the electric motor 17, adjustable.
  • the AC voltage is applied as a three-phase current to the motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17.
  • the inverter unit 14 converts the AC voltage generated by the electric motor 17 into a DC voltage.
  • the inverter unit 14 acts as a step-up converter, which converts the AC voltage provided by the electric motor drive unit into a higher DC voltage. In principle, however, the inverter unit 14 can also be operated without a step-up operation.
  • the DC voltage into which the inverter unit converts the AC voltage generated by the electric motor 17 causes a charging operation of the battery device 11.
  • the motor vehicle device has a vehicle-side charging device 10.
  • the charging device 10 is functionally substantially separated from the inverter unit 14.
  • the charging device 10 comprises a rectifier unit 16, which converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage.
  • the charging device 10 comprises a vehicle-side power transmission unit 12.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 has at least one coil, not shown.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is formed in a charging process as a power receiving unit.
  • the power transmission unit 12 is firmly integrated in the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is mounted on a motor vehicle underbody.
  • the battery device 11 is connected to the first energy transmission unit 12 via at least one conductor strand. In principle, it is also conceivable that the first power transmission unit 12 is attached to another location of the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is intended to be functionally connected to a stationary power transmission unit 15.
  • the stationary power transmission unit 15 is fixed in an environment, for example on a garage floor or other location, which is easily accessible by means of the motor vehicle attached.
  • the stationary power transmission unit 15 is connected to an external power grid 23, for example, an ordinary house power network.
  • the fixed power transmission unit 15 at least one coil.
  • the stationary power transmission unit 15 is formed as an energy transmission unit.
  • the stationary power transmission unit 15 is preferably always mounted on a floor, but it is also conceivable that the fixed power transmission unit 15 is arranged at a different position, for example a wall. For this, the vehicle-side energy transmission unit 12 of the vehicle-side charging device 10 would have to be correspondingly attached to the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle in order to enable a coupling of the two energy transmission units 12, 15.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 of the vehicle-side charging device 10 and the fixed power transmission unit 15 of the stationary charging device 10 are provided for non-contact coupling with each other.
  • electrical energy can be transmitted from the energy transfer unit 12, 15 to the other energy transfer unit 12, 15.
  • the energy transmission units 12, 15 each have the coils, not shown.
  • the coils of the energy transfer units 12, 15 are each intended to either generate a magnetic field or to convert a magnetic field into a current. convert.
  • the coils have a small stray field, which is intended to obtain the best possible efficiency in the energy transfer between the two energy transmission units 12,15.
  • the rectifier unit 16 of the charging device 0 is provided for rectifying an alternating voltage generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12.
  • the rectifier unit 16 has a circuit logic, not shown, which converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage.
  • the rectifier unit 16 is disposed between the on-vehicle power transmission unit 12 and the electric motor drive unit 13.
  • the motor vehicle device has an additional coil 25, which is arranged in front of the neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17.
  • a plurality of coils 25 are arranged in front of the star point 21.
  • the coil 25 is connected in series with the motor coils 18, 19, 20.
  • the coil 25 is formed as an additional inductance, which is intended to influence a behavior of the power electronics advantageous.
  • the coil acts, for example, as a network throttle.
  • the two energy transmission units 12, 15 are arranged directly above one another.
  • the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle is placed so that the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12, which is fixedly attached to the motor vehicle floor, is arranged directly above the stationary mounted power transmission unit 15.
  • the fixed energy transfer unit 15 designed as an energy-end unit generates a magnetic field by means of electricity from the external power network 23.
  • the coil of the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is in the charging of the magnetic field generated by the fixed power transmission unit 15 interspersed.
  • the magnetic field generates a current in the coil of the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12.
  • the current is conducted via at least one conductor strand 24 into the rectifier unit 16.
  • the alternating current is converted into a direct current.
  • the electric current flows from the power transmission unit 12, via the rectifier unit 16 in the neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17. From the star point 21 flows electric current through all three motor coils 18, 19, 20, which are used as an energy storage.
  • the current is passed from the inverter unit 14 directly to the battery device 11.
  • the DC voltage applied there charges the battery device 11.
  • the battery device 11 is thereby charged via the power transmission units 12, 15 without contact from the external power supply 23.
  • a discharging process is basically the same as the charging process.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is designed as an energy transmission unit.
  • the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 generates a magnetic field in a discharging process by means of current from the battery device.
  • the magnetic field passes through the fixed energy transfer unit 15 formed in the discharge process as an energy receiving unit.
  • the magnetic field generates a current in the coil of the stationary energy transfer unit 15.
  • the current generated by the stationary power transmission unit 15 is thereby fed into the external power grid 23.
  • the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle can be used as energy storage for the external power grid 23.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is based on a motor vehicle device for an electric motor vehicle and/or hybrid motor vehicle, having a charging device (10) for charging an accumulator device (11), which charging device (10) has a vehicle-mounted energy transmitting unit (12), and having an electric motor drive unit (13) which has an inverter unit (14) which is provided for use in a charging process of the accumulator device (11). It is proposed that the vehicle-mounted energy transmitting unit (12) has at least one coil which is provided for the contactless transmission of energy.

Description

Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung  Vehicle device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. The invention relates to a motor vehicle device according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der DE 10 2009 033 955 A1 ist bereits eine Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung für ein Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug, mit einer Ladevorrichtung zum Laden einer Akkuvorrichtung, die eine fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit aufweist, und mit einer Elektromotorantriebseinheit, die eine Invertereinheit aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, in einem Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung verwendet zu werden, bekannt. A motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle is already known from DE 10 2009 033 955 A1, with a charging device for charging a battery device, which has a vehicle-side power transmission unit, and with an electric motor drive unit, which has an inverter unit, which is provided for in a charging process of the battery device to be used known.
Der Erfindung liegt insbesondere die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung bereitzustellen, durch die besonders vorteilhaft eine Bauteilezahl gering gehalten werden kann. Sie wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. The invention is in particular the object of providing a simple motor vehicle device, through which a component number can be kept low particularly advantageous. It is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Further embodiments emerge from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung für ein Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug, mit einer Ladevorrichtung zum Laden einer Akkuvorrichtung, die eine fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit aufweist, mit einer Elektromotorantriebseinheit, die eine Invertereinheit aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, in einem Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung mitverwendet zu werden. The invention is based on a motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle, with a charging device for charging a battery device, which has a vehicle-side power transmission unit, with an electric motor drive unit having an inverter unit, which is intended to be used in a charging process of the battery device to become.
Es wird vorgeschlagen, dass die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit zumindest eine Spule aufweist, die für eine kontaktlose Energieübertragung vorgesehen ist. Dadurch kann eine besonders einfache Energieübertragung auf die Akkuvorrichtung erfolgen, die eine sicherheitsrelevante galvanische Trennung aufweist, worauf insbesondere auf weitere Bauteile und Maßnahmen zur galvanischen Trennung verzichtet werden kann. Unter einer„Akkuvorrichtung" soll dabei insbesondere eine Vorrichtung zum temporären Speichern elektrischer Energie verstanden werden. Unter einer„Energieübertragungseinheit" soll dabei insbesondere eine Einheit verstanden werden, die dazu vorgesehen ist, kontaktlos eine elektrische Energie zu empfangen oder zu versenden. Vorzugsweise sind dabei zwei Energieübertragungseinheiten für eine kontaktlose Übertragung von elektrischer Energie über eine definierte Distanz vorgesehen. Unter einer„kontaktlosen Energieübertragung" soll hier insbesondere eine elektromagnetische, vorzugsweise eine induktive Energieübertragung verstanden werden. Unter„vorgesehen" soll insbesondere speziell programmiert, ausgestattet und/oder ausgelegt verstanden werden. It is proposed that the vehicle-side power transmission unit has at least one coil which is provided for a contactless energy transmission. This allows a particularly simple transfer of energy to the battery device, which has a safety-relevant electrical isolation, which can be dispensed in particular to other components and measures for electrical isolation. A "rechargeable battery device" is to be understood in particular as meaning a device for the temporary storage of electrical energy. In particular, a unit should be understood which is intended to contactlessly receive or send electrical energy. Preferably, two energy transmission units are provided for a contactless transmission of electrical energy over a defined distance. A "contactless energy transmission" is to be understood here as meaning, in particular, an electromagnetic, preferably an inductive energy transmission. "Provided" is to be understood in particular to be specially programmed, equipped and / or designed.
Weiter wird vorgeschlagen, dass die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit dazu vorgesehen ist, einer ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit eine Spannung vorzugeben, um eine Spannung in der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit für die Akkuvorrichtung anzupassen. Dadurch kann insbesondere vorteilhaft ein Strom in der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit erzeugt werden, der zum Laden einer Akkuvorrichtung nur minimal mit einfachen Methoden modelliert werden muss. Unter einer„ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit" soll dabei insbesondere eine Energieübertragungseinheit verstanden werden, die mit einem externen Stromnetz verbunden ist und stationär an einem Ort, an dem das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug abgestellt werden kann, angebracht ist. Unter„anpassen" soll hierbei insbesondere verstanden werden, dass ein Strom, der von der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit erzeugt wird, ein Niveau aufweist, das zum Laden der Akkuvorrichtung benötigt wird. It is further proposed that the vehicle-side power transmission unit is provided to specify a voltage to a stationary power transmission unit in order to adapt a voltage in the vehicle-side power transmission unit for the battery device. As a result, it is particularly advantageous to generate a current in the vehicle-side energy transmission unit, which only has to be modeled to a minimum with simple methods for charging a battery device. A "fixed power transmission unit" should be understood to mean, in particular, an energy transmission unit which is connected to an external power grid and is stationarily mounted at a location where the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle can be parked be understood that a current generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit has a level that is required for charging the battery device.
Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung eine Gleichrichtungsvorrichtung aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, einen von den Energieübertragungseinheiten übertragenen Wechselstrom gleichzurichten. Dadurch kann der von der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit erzeugte Wechselstrom besonders einfach in einen Gleichstrom umgewandelt werden, der zur Ladung der Akkuvorrichtung geeignet ist. Unter einer „Gleichrichtungsvorrichtung" soll insbesondere zumindest ein Gleichrichter verstanden werden. Vorzugsweise weist der Gleichrichter dabei zumindest eine Diode auf. It is also proposed that the motor vehicle device has a rectification device which is intended to rectify an alternating current transmitted by the energy transmission units. As a result, the alternating current generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit can be converted in a particularly simple manner into a direct current which is suitable for charging the battery device. In particular, at least one rectifier is to be understood as a "rectification device." The rectifier preferably has at least one diode.
Zudem wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Elektromotorantriebseinheit einen Elektromotor um- fasst, der zumindest eine Motorspule aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, während des Ladevorgangs als Energiespeicher verwendet zu werden. Dadurch kann insbesondere vorteilhaft auf zusätzliche Induktivitäten zur Energiespeicherung verzichtet werden. In addition, it is proposed that the electric motor drive unit comprises an electric motor which has at least one motor coil, which is intended to be used as an energy store during the charging process. This can be particularly advantageous to dispense with additional inductors for energy storage.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Elektromotorantriebseinheit einen Sternpunkt aufweist, über den die zumindest eine Motorspule in den Ladevorgang eingebunden ist. Dadurch kann der Strom zum Laden der Akkuvorrichtung besonders einfach und vorteil- haft durch die Elektromotorantriebseinheit geleitet werden. Unter einem„Sternpunkt des Elektromotors" soll insbesondere ein elektrischer Punkt verstanden werden, in Bezug auf den die drei Motorspulen elektrisch im Wesentlichen symmetrisch angeordnet sind. Furthermore, it is proposed that the electric motor drive unit has a star point, via which the at least one motor coil is integrated into the charging process. This allows the current for charging the battery device particularly simple and advantageous Adhesive be passed through the electric motor drive unit. A "star point of the electric motor" is to be understood in particular an electrical point, with respect to which the three motor coils are arranged electrically substantially symmetrically.
Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Invertereinheit zum Tiefsetzstellen und/oder Hochsetzstellen der Spannung auf ein Spannungslevel der Akkuvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Dadurch kann eine Spannung besonders einfach auf ein Spannungslevel gebracht werden, das zum Laden der Akkuvorrichtung benötigt wird. It is also proposed that the inverter unit is provided for stepping down and / or boosting the voltage to a voltage level of the battery device. As a result, a voltage can be easily brought to a voltage level that is required for charging the battery device.
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus der folgenden Zeichnungsbeschreibung. In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Zeichnung, die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen. Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawing. In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawing, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung für ein Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug. Das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug weist für einen Antrieb einen teilweise dargestellten Antriebsstrang mit einer Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 auf. Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, dass der Antriebsstrang mehrere Elektromotorantriebseinheiten 13 aufweist. Das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug weist eine Akkuvorrichtung 1 1 auf, die dazu vorgesehen ist, zumindest die Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 mit Energie zu versorgen. Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, dass das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug zusätzlich zu der zumindest einen Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 zumindest eine Brennkraftmaschinenantriebseinheit in dem Antriebsstrang aufweist. 1 shows a schematic representation of a motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle. The electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has a partially illustrated drive train with an electric motor drive unit 13 for a drive. In principle, it is also conceivable that the drive train has a plurality of electric motor drive units 13. The electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has a battery device 1 1, which is provided to supply at least the electric motor drive unit 13 with energy. In principle, it is also conceivable that, in addition to the at least one electric motor drive unit 13, the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle has at least one internal combustion engine drive unit in the drive train.
Die Akkuvorrichtung 11 umfasst eine Hochvolt-Batterie. Die Akkuvorrichtung 11 stellt eine Gleichspannung bereit, die wenigstens 100 Volt beträgt. Die Hochvolt-Batterie umfasst eine Mehrzahl hintereinander geschalteter Einzelzellen. Eine minimale Batteriespannung beträgt 105,6 Volt. Eine maximale Batteriespannung beträgt 413 Volt, wobei die maximale Batteriespannung grundsätzlich auch größer sein kann. Die Akkuvorrichtung 11 weist zwei Batterieklemmen auf, die jeweils einen definierten Pol der Akkuvorrichtung 11 ausbilden. The battery device 11 comprises a high-voltage battery. The battery device 11 provides a DC voltage that is at least 100 volts. The high-voltage battery comprises a plurality of individual cells connected in series. A minimum battery voltage is 105.6 volts. A maximum battery voltage is 413 volts, whereby the maximum battery voltage can also be larger. The battery device 11 has two battery terminals, each forming a defined pole of the battery device 11.
Die Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 umfasst einen Elektromotor 17. Der Elektromotor 17 ist als ein Drehstrommotor ausgebildet. Der Elektromotor 17 umfasst drei Motorspulen 18, 19, 20. Für eine Energieversorgung umfasst die Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 drei ge- trennte Phasen. In einem Fahrbetriebsmodus erzeugt der Elektromotor 17 aus einer ihm zugeführten elektrischen Leistung ein Antriebsmoment. In einem Generatorbetriebsmodus erzeugt der Elektromotor 17 aus einer ihm zugeführten mechanischen Leistung, die der Elektromotorantriebseinheit beispielsweise über Antriebsräder zugeführt werden kann, elektrische Leistung. Die drei Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 sind an einem Sternpunkt 21 des Elektromotors 17 zusammengeführt. Der Sternpunkt 21 ist als ein zentraler Anschlusspunkt ausgebildet. Die drei Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 sind in Bezug auf den Sternpunkt 21 elektrisch symmetrisch angeordnet. The electric motor drive unit 13 includes an electric motor 17. The electric motor 17 is formed as a three-phase motor. The electric motor 17 comprises three motor coils 18, 19, 20. For a power supply, the electric motor drive unit 13 comprises three motors. separated phases. In a driving mode, the electric motor 17 generates a drive torque from an electric power supplied thereto. In a generator operating mode, the electric motor 17 generates electric power from a mechanical power supplied thereto, which can be supplied to the electric motor drive unit via drive wheels, for example. The three motor coils 18, 19, 20 are brought together at a neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17. The star point 21 is formed as a central connection point. The three motor coils 18, 19, 20 are arranged with respect to the neutral point 21 electrically symmetrical.
Zur elektrischen Anbindung des Elektromotors 17 an die Akkuvorrichtung 11 umfasst die Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 eine Leistungselektronik 22. Die Leistungselektronik 22 bildet eine Invertereinheit 14 aus. Die Invertereinheit 14 ist mittels dreier nicht näher dargestellter Halbbrücken ausgebildet. Jede der drei Halbbrücken ist elektrisch mit einer der Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 des Elektromotors 17 verbunden. Jede Halbbrücke umfasst zwei Schaltelemente und zwei parallel zu den Schaltelementen angeordnete Freilaufdioden. Die Freilaufdioden einer Halbbrücke sind entgegengesetzt angeordnet. Die Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 des Elektromotors 17 sind an einen Brückenpunkt der jeweiligen Halbbrücke angebunden. Die Schaltelemente der Halbbrücken sind als Transistoren ausgebildet. For electrical connection of the electric motor 17 to the battery device 11, the electric motor drive unit 13 comprises power electronics 22. The power electronics 22 form an inverter unit 14. The inverter unit 14 is formed by means of three non-illustrated half bridges. Each of the three half-bridges is electrically connected to one of the motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17. Each half-bridge comprises two switching elements and two freewheeling diodes arranged parallel to the switching elements. The freewheeling diodes of a half-bridge are arranged opposite. The motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17 are connected to a bridge point of the respective half-bridge. The switching elements of the half bridges are designed as transistors.
In dem Fahrbetriebsmodus erzeugt die Invertereinheit 14 aus der Gleichspannung der Akkuvorrichtung 11 eine Wechselspannung. Die von der Invertereinheit 14 erzeugte Wechselspannung definiert eine Leistung, die der Elektromotor 17 abgibt. Zudem ist über die Wechselspannung eine Drehzahl, die der Elektromotor 17 aufweist, einstellbar. Die Wechselspannung liegt als Drehstrom an den Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 des Elektromotors 17 an. In the driving mode, the inverter unit 14 generates an AC voltage from the DC voltage of the battery device 11. The AC voltage generated by the inverter unit 14 defines a power that the electric motor 17 outputs. In addition, via the alternating voltage, a rotational speed, which has the electric motor 17, adjustable. The AC voltage is applied as a three-phase current to the motor coils 18, 19, 20 of the electric motor 17.
In dem Generatorbetriebsmodus wandelt die Invertereinheit 14 die von dem Elektromotor 17 erzeugte Wechselspannung in eine Gleichspannung um. Die Invertereinheit 14 wirkt dabei als ein Hochsetzsteller, der die von der Elektromotorantriebseinheit bereitgestellte Wechselspannung in eine höhere Gleichspannung umsetzt. Grundsätzlich kann die Invertereinheit 14 aber auch ohne einen Hochsetz-Betrieb betrieben werden. Die Gleichspannung, in die die Invertereinheit die von dem Elektromotor 17 erzeugte Wechselspannung umwandelt, bewirkt einen Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung 11. In the generator operating mode, the inverter unit 14 converts the AC voltage generated by the electric motor 17 into a DC voltage. The inverter unit 14 acts as a step-up converter, which converts the AC voltage provided by the electric motor drive unit into a higher DC voltage. In principle, however, the inverter unit 14 can also be operated without a step-up operation. The DC voltage into which the inverter unit converts the AC voltage generated by the electric motor 17 causes a charging operation of the battery device 11.
Zum Laden der Akkuvorrichtung 11 weist die Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung eine fahrzeugseiti- ge Ladevorrichtung 10 auf. Die Ladevorrichtung 10 ist funktionell im Wesentlichen von der Invertereinheit 14 getrennt. Die Ladevorrichtung 10 umfasst eine Gleichrichtereinheit 16, die eine Wechselspannung in eine Gleichspannung umwandelt. Die Ladevorrichtung 10 umfasst eine fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12. Für eine kontaktlose Energieübertragung weist die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 zumindest eine nicht näher dargestellte Spule auf. Die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 ist in einem Ladevorgang als eine Energieempfangseinheit ausgebildet. Die Energieübertragungseinheit 12 ist fest in dem Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug integriert. Die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 ist an einem Kraftfahrzeugunterboden angebracht. Die Akkuvorrichtung 11 ist über zumindest einen Leiterstrang mit der ersten Energieübertragungseinheit 12 verbunden. Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, dass die erste Energieübertragungseinheit 12 an einer anderen Stelle des Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeugs angebracht ist. For charging the rechargeable battery device 11, the motor vehicle device has a vehicle-side charging device 10. The charging device 10 is functionally substantially separated from the inverter unit 14. The charging device 10 comprises a rectifier unit 16, which converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage. The charging device 10 comprises a vehicle-side power transmission unit 12. For a contactless energy transmission, the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 has at least one coil, not shown. The vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is formed in a charging process as a power receiving unit. The power transmission unit 12 is firmly integrated in the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle. The vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is mounted on a motor vehicle underbody. The battery device 11 is connected to the first energy transmission unit 12 via at least one conductor strand. In principle, it is also conceivable that the first power transmission unit 12 is attached to another location of the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle.
Die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 ist dazu vorgesehen, mit einer ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 funktional verbunden zu werden. Die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 ist fest in einer Umgebung, beispielsweise auf einem Garagenboden oder einem anderen Ort, der mittels des Kraftfahrzeugs gut erreichbar ist, angebracht. Die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 ist mit einem externen Stromnetz 23, beispielsweise einem gewöhnlichen Hausstromnetz, verbunden. Für eine kontaktlose Energieübertragung weist die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 zumindest eine Spule auf. In einem Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung 1 1 des Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeugs ist die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 als eine Energiesendeeinheit ausgebildet. Die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 ist dabei vorzugsweise immer auf einem Boden angebracht, es ist aber auch denkbar, dass die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 an einer anderen Position, beispielsweise einer Wand, angeordnet ist. Dafür müsste die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 der fahrzeugsei- tigen Ladevorrichtung 10 entsprechend an dem Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug angebracht werden, um eine Kopplung der beiden Energieübertragungseinheiten 12, 15 zu ermöglichen. The vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is intended to be functionally connected to a stationary power transmission unit 15. The stationary power transmission unit 15 is fixed in an environment, for example on a garage floor or other location, which is easily accessible by means of the motor vehicle attached. The stationary power transmission unit 15 is connected to an external power grid 23, for example, an ordinary house power network. For a contactless energy transfer, the fixed power transmission unit 15 at least one coil. In a charging process of the battery device 1 1 of the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle, the stationary power transmission unit 15 is formed as an energy transmission unit. The stationary power transmission unit 15 is preferably always mounted on a floor, but it is also conceivable that the fixed power transmission unit 15 is arranged at a different position, for example a wall. For this, the vehicle-side energy transmission unit 12 of the vehicle-side charging device 10 would have to be correspondingly attached to the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle in order to enable a coupling of the two energy transmission units 12, 15.
Die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 der fahrzeugseitigen Ladevorrichtung 10 und die ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 der ortsfesten Ladevorrichtung 10 sind zu einer kontaktlosen Kopplung miteinander vorgesehen. Mittels einer induktiven Kopplung kann elektrische Energie von der Energieübertragungseinheit 12, 15 auf die andere Energieübertragungseinheit 12, 15 übertragen werden. Zur induktiven Kopplung weisen die Energieübertragungseinheiten 12, 15 jeweils die nicht näher dargestellten Spulen auf. Die Spulen der Energieübertragungseinheiten 12, 15 sind jeweils dazu vorgesehen, entweder ein Magnetfeld zu erzeugen oder ein Magnetfeld in einen Strom umzu- wandeln. Die Spulen weisen dabei ein kleines Streufeld auf, das dazu vorgesehen ist, einen bestmöglichen Wirkungsgrad bei der Energieübertragung zwischen den beiden Energieübertragungseinheiten 12,15 zu erhalten. The vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 of the vehicle-side charging device 10 and the fixed power transmission unit 15 of the stationary charging device 10 are provided for non-contact coupling with each other. By means of an inductive coupling, electrical energy can be transmitted from the energy transfer unit 12, 15 to the other energy transfer unit 12, 15. For inductive coupling, the energy transmission units 12, 15 each have the coils, not shown. The coils of the energy transfer units 12, 15 are each intended to either generate a magnetic field or to convert a magnetic field into a current. convert. The coils have a small stray field, which is intended to obtain the best possible efficiency in the energy transfer between the two energy transmission units 12,15.
Die Gleichrichtereinheit 16 der Ladevorrichtung 0 ist zur Gleichrichtung einer von der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit 12 erzeugten Wechselspannung vorgesehen. Die Gleichrichtereinheit 16 weist eine nicht näher dargestellte Schaltungslogik auf, die die Wechselspannung in eine Gleichspannung umwandelt. Die Gleichrichtereinheit 16 ist zwischen der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit 12 und der Elektromotorantriebseinheit 13 angeordnet. The rectifier unit 16 of the charging device 0 is provided for rectifying an alternating voltage generated by the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12. The rectifier unit 16 has a circuit logic, not shown, which converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage. The rectifier unit 16 is disposed between the on-vehicle power transmission unit 12 and the electric motor drive unit 13.
Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, dass die Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung eine zusätzliche Spule 25 aufweist, die vor dem Sternpunkt 21 des Elektromotors 17 angeordnet ist. In principle, it is also conceivable that the motor vehicle device has an additional coil 25, which is arranged in front of the neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17.
Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, dass mehrere Spulen 25 vor dem Sternpunkt 21 angeordnet werden. Die Spule 25 ist mit den Motorspulen 18, 19, 20 in Reihe geschaltet. Die Spule 25 ist als eine zusätzliche Induktivität ausgebildet, die dazu vorgesehen ist, ein Verhalten der Leistungselektronik vorteilhaft zu beeinflussen. Dabei fungiert die Spule beispielsweise als eine Netz-Drossel. In principle, it is also conceivable that a plurality of coils 25 are arranged in front of the star point 21. The coil 25 is connected in series with the motor coils 18, 19, 20. The coil 25 is formed as an additional inductance, which is intended to influence a behavior of the power electronics advantageous. The coil acts, for example, as a network throttle.
Für einen Lade- und/oder Entladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung 11 werden die beiden Energieübertragungseinheiten 12, 15 unmittelbar übereinander angeordnet. Dazu wird das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug so platziert, dass die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12, die fest an dem Kraftfahrzeugunterboden befestigt ist, direkt über der ortsfest angebrachten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 angeordnet ist. Je exakter die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 über der ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 angebracht ist, desto effizienter ist die Übertragung der elektrischen Energie. For a charging and / or discharging operation of the battery device 11, the two energy transmission units 12, 15 are arranged directly above one another. For this purpose, the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle is placed so that the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12, which is fixedly attached to the motor vehicle floor, is arranged directly above the stationary mounted power transmission unit 15. The more accurately the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is mounted above the stationary power transmission unit 15, the more efficient is the transmission of electrical energy.
In dem Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung 11 des Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeugs erzeugt die als Energiesendeeinheit ausgebildete ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15 mittels Strom aus dem externen Stromnetz 23 ein Magnetfeld. Die Spule der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit 12 ist in dem Ladevorgang von dem Magnetfeld, das von der ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 erzeugt wird, durchsetzt. Das Magnetfeld erzeugt in der Spule der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit 12 einen Strom. Der Strom wird über zumindest einen Leiterstrang 24 in die Gleichrichtereinheit 16 geleitet. Dort wird der Wechselstrom in einen Gleichstrom umgewandelt. Der elektrische Strom fließt von der Energieübertragungseinheit 12, über die Gleichrichtereinheit 16 in den Sternpunkt 21 des Elektromotors 17. Von dem Sternpunkt 21 fließt der elektrische Strom durch alle drei Motorspulen 18, 19, 20, die dabei als ein Energiespeicher verwendet werden. Die zwischen den Elektromotor 17 und die Akkuvorrichtung 11 geschaltete Invertereinheit 14 regelt die Gleichspannung auf ein Spannungslevel, das zum Laden der Akkuvorrichtung 11 vorgesehen ist. Der Strom wird von der Invertereinheit 14 direkt an die Akkuvorrichtung 11 geleitet. Die dort anliegende Gleichspannung lädt die Akkuvorrichtung 11. Die Akkuvorrichtung 11 wird dadurch über die Energieübertragungseinheiten 12, 15 kontaktlos von dem externen Stromnetz 23 geladen. In the charging process of the rechargeable battery device 11 of the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle, the fixed energy transfer unit 15 designed as an energy-end unit generates a magnetic field by means of electricity from the external power network 23. The coil of the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is in the charging of the magnetic field generated by the fixed power transmission unit 15 interspersed. The magnetic field generates a current in the coil of the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12. The current is conducted via at least one conductor strand 24 into the rectifier unit 16. There, the alternating current is converted into a direct current. The electric current flows from the power transmission unit 12, via the rectifier unit 16 in the neutral point 21 of the electric motor 17. From the star point 21 flows electric current through all three motor coils 18, 19, 20, which are used as an energy storage. The inverter unit 14, which is connected between the electric motor 17 and the battery device 11, regulates the DC voltage to a voltage level which is provided for charging the battery device 11. The current is passed from the inverter unit 14 directly to the battery device 11. The DC voltage applied there charges the battery device 11. The battery device 11 is thereby charged via the power transmission units 12, 15 without contact from the external power supply 23.
Ein Entladevorgang erfolgt im Grunde gleich zu dem Ladevorgang. In dem Entladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung 11 ist ein Energiefluss im Vergleich zu dem Ladevorgang umgekehrt. In dem Entladevorgang ist die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 als Energiesendeeinheit ausgebildet. Die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit 12 erzeugt in einem Entladevorgang mittels Strom aus der Akkuvorrichtung ein Magnetfeld. Das Magnetfeld durchsetzt die in dem Entladevorgang als Energieempfangseinheit ausgebildete ortsfeste Energieübertragungseinheit 15. Das Magnetfeld erzeugt in der Spule der ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 einen Strom. Der von der ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit 15 erzeugte Strom wird dadurch in das externe Stromnetz 23 eingespeist. Dadurch kann das Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug als Energiespeicher für das externe Stromnetz 23 genutzt werden. Beispielsweise könnten durch Verwendung mehrerer Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeuge als Energiespeicher Energiespitzen in einem externen Stromnetz 23 abgefangen werden. A discharging process is basically the same as the charging process. In the discharging process of the battery device 11, an energy flow is reversed in comparison to the charging process. In the discharge process, the vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 is designed as an energy transmission unit. The vehicle-side power transmission unit 12 generates a magnetic field in a discharging process by means of current from the battery device. The magnetic field passes through the fixed energy transfer unit 15 formed in the discharge process as an energy receiving unit. The magnetic field generates a current in the coil of the stationary energy transfer unit 15. The current generated by the stationary power transmission unit 15 is thereby fed into the external power grid 23. As a result, the electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle can be used as energy storage for the external power grid 23. For example, could be intercepted by using multiple electric and / or hybrid vehicles as energy storage energy peaks in an external power grid 23.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung für ein Elektro- und/oder Hybridkraftfahrzeug, mit einer Ladevorrichtung (10) zum Laden einer Akkuvorrichtung (11 ), die eine fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit (12) aufweist, und mit einer Elektromotorantriebseinheit (13), die eine Invertereinheit (14) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, in einem Ladevorgang der Akkuvorrichtung (11 ) verwendet zu werden, A motor vehicle device for an electric and / or hybrid motor vehicle, comprising a charging device (10) for charging a battery device (11) having an on-board power transmission unit (12) and an electric motor drive unit (13) having an inverter unit (14) which is intended to be used in a charging process of the battery device (11),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit (12) zumindest eine Spule aufweist, die für eine kontaktlose Energieübertragung vorgesehen ist.  the vehicle-side power transmission unit (12) has at least one coil which is provided for a contactless energy transmission.
2. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Motor vehicle device according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die fahrzeugseitige Energieübertragungseinheit (12) dazu vorgesehen ist, einer ortsfesten Energieübertragungseinheit (15), eine Spannung vorzugeben um eine Spannung in der fahrzeugseitigen Energieübertragungseinheit (12) für die Akkuvorrichtung (11 ) anzupassen.  the vehicle-side power transmission unit (12) is provided to specify a voltage to a stationary power transmission unit (15) to adapt a voltage in the vehicle-side power transmission unit (12) for the battery device (11).
3. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. Motor vehicle device according to claim 1 or 2,
gekennzeichnet durch  marked by
eine Gleichrichtereinheit (16), die dazu vorgesehen ist, eine von den Energieübertragungseinheiten (12, 15) übertragene Wechselspannung gleichzurichten. a rectifier unit (16) arranged to rectify an AC voltage transmitted from the power transmission units (12, 15).
4. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 4. Motor vehicle device according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Elektromotorantriebseinheit (13) einen Elektromotor (17) umfasst, der zumindest eine Motorspule (18, 19, 20) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, während des Ladevorgangs als Energiespeicher verwendet zu werden.  the electric motor drive unit (13) comprises an electric motor (17) which has at least one motor coil (18, 19, 20) which is intended to be used as an energy store during the charging process.
5. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, 5. Motor vehicle device according to claim 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Elektromotorantriebseinheit (13) einen Sternpunkt (21 ) aufweist, über den die zumindest eine Motorspule (18, 19, 20) in den Ladevorgang eingebunden ist.  the electric motor drive unit (13) has a star point (21), via which the at least one motor coil (18, 19, 20) is integrated into the charging process.
6. Kraftfahrzeugvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 6. Motor vehicle device according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Invertereinheit (14) zum Tiefsetzstellen und/oder Hochsetzstellen einer Spannung auf ein Spannungslevel der Akkuvorrichtung (11 ) vorgesehen ist.  the inverter unit (14) is provided for stepping down and / or stepping up a voltage to a voltage level of the battery device (11).
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