DE102009007737A1 - Energy converter device for battery charger of electrical hybrid vehicle, has three connections, where energy is transferable from first to second and/or third connection, from second to third connection or from third to second connection - Google Patents

Energy converter device for battery charger of electrical hybrid vehicle, has three connections, where energy is transferable from first to second and/or third connection, from second to third connection or from third to second connection Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102009007737A1
DE102009007737A1 DE102009007737A DE102009007737A DE102009007737A1 DE 102009007737 A1 DE102009007737 A1 DE 102009007737A1 DE 102009007737 A DE102009007737 A DE 102009007737A DE 102009007737 A DE102009007737 A DE 102009007737A DE 102009007737 A1 DE102009007737 A1 DE 102009007737A1
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Prior art keywords
connection
energy
voltage
converter
transferable
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DE102009007737A
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German (de)
Inventor
Steffen Dipl.-Ing. Pieger
Michael Dr. Hofmann
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The device has three connections, where the first connection is connected to an energy source i.e. single or three-phase supply network. The second connection operates a direct current device i.e. high voltage intermediate circuit. The third connection operates another direct current device i.e. 12-volt electrical system. The direct current devices are operated with two different voltages. The energy is transferable from the first to second and/or third connection, from second to third connection or from third to second connection.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Energiewandlervorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem ersten Anschluss zum Anschließen einer Energiequelle, einem zweiten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer bestimmten Spannung und einem dritten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer anderen Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer ebenfalls anderen Spannung. Darüber hinaus betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein entsprechendes Ladegerät mit einer derartigen Energiewandlervorrichtung sowie ein Kraftfahrzeug mit dem genannten Ladegerät.The The present invention relates to a power conversion device for a motor vehicle with a first connection for connection a power source, a second terminal for operating a DC device with a certain voltage and a third Connection for operating another DC device with another tension. In addition, the concerns present invention with a corresponding charger Such an energy conversion device and a motor vehicle with the mentioned charger.

Bei einem elektrischen Hybridfahrzeug wird die konventionelle Lichtmaschine durch einen DC/DC-Wandler ersetzt. Der DC/DC-Wandler ist eine Energiewandlervorrichtung und hat die Aufgabe, das 12 V-Bordnetz/-batterie aus einer HV-Batterie (high voltage; z. B. 200 V) zu speisen. Der DC/DC-Wandler wird je nach Fahrzeugkonzept als eigenständiges Steuergerät oder zusammen mit dem Traktionsumrichter in das Fahrzeug integriert. Bei Batterie- oder Plugln-Hybridfahrzeugen wird zum Laden der HV-Batterie am öffentlichen Stromnetz zusätzlich ein Ladegerät (AC/DC-Wandler) als eigenständiges Steuergerät/Baugruppe eingebaut.at A hybrid electric vehicle becomes the conventional alternator replaced by a DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter is an energy conversion device and has the task, the 12 V electrical system / battery from a HV battery (high voltage, eg 200 V) to feed. The DC / DC converter will ever according to the vehicle concept as an independent control unit or integrated with the traction converter in the vehicle. Battery or plug-in hybrid vehicles charge the HV battery on the public grid additionally a charger (AC / DC converter) as independent control unit / module built-in.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist aus der Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2006 000 796 A1 ein integriertes Strommodul für Hybrid- und Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeuge bekannt. Dabei führt ein integriertes Strommodul die Aufbereitung und Verteilung elektrischer Energie von einer Hochspannungsquelle in einem Fahrzeug durch, wobei das Fahrzeug einen mit elektrischem Strom betriebenen Fahrmotor aufweist. Eine gemeinsame, primäre Gleichspannungs-Gleichspannungs-Wandlerstufe zum Anschluss an die Hochspannungsquelle erzeugt eine mittlere Gleichspannung auf einem mittleren Spannungsbus. Die primäre Gleichspannungs-Gleichspannungs-Wandlerstufe weist mehrere Phasen auf, einschließlich jeweiliger sekundärer Schaltungen, die selektiv an dem mittleren Spannungsbus angeschlossen werden. Mehrere Stromaufbereitungsvorrichtungen sind jeweils an dem mittleren Spannungsbus angeschlossen, um die mittlere Gleichspannung in jeweilige Ausgangsströme zu transformieren, wobei die Ausgangsströme einen Ausgangswechselstrom zum Antrieb des Fahrmotors umfassen.In this context, from the published patent application DE 10 2006 000 796 A1 an integrated power module for hybrid and fuel cell vehicles known. In this case, an integrated power module carries out the processing and distribution of electrical energy from a high-voltage source in a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has a drive motor operated with electric current. A common, primary DC-to-DC converter stage for connection to the high voltage source generates an average DC voltage on a medium voltage bus. The primary DC to DC converter stage has several phases, including respective secondary circuits, which are selectively connected to the middle voltage bus. A plurality of power conditioning devices are each connected to the middle voltage bus to transform the average DC voltage into respective output currents, the output currents including an output AC current for driving the traction motor.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, den Hardwareaufwand der Fahrzeugelektrik zu verringern.The Object of the present invention is the hardware cost reduce the vehicle electrical system.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Energiewandlervorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem ersten Anschluss zum Anschließen einer Energiequelle, einem zweiten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer zweiten Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer zweiten Spannung und einem dritten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer dritten Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer dritten Spannung, wobei Energie vom ersten zum zweiten und/oder dritten Anschluss übertragbar ist, und wobei Energie wahlweise auch von dem zweiten zum dritten oder vom dritten zum zweiten Anschluss übertragbar ist.According to the invention this object is achieved by an energy conversion device for a motor vehicle with a first connection for connection a power source, a second terminal for operating a second DC device with a second voltage and a third terminal for operating a third DC device with a third voltage, with energy from the first to the second and / or third terminal is transferable, and being energy optionally also from the second to the third or from the third to the second Connection is transferable.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist es so möglich, mit einer einzigen Energiewandlervorrichtung sowohl das Laden von Batterien durch eine externe Energiequelle zu gewährleisten, als auch zwischen Bordnetzen unterschiedlicher Spannungen Energie zu übertragen. Dabei ist es insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn die Anschlüsse galvanisch voneinander getrennt sind.In Advantageously, it is possible with a single Energy converter device both the charging of batteries by a to ensure external energy source, as well as between On-board grids of different voltages transmit energy. It is particularly advantageous if the connections are galvanically separated from each other.

Darüber hinaus ergeben sich besondere Vorteile, wenn die Energiewandlervorrichtung einen Transformator aufweist, wobei der erste Anschluss mit der Primärseite verbunden ist, und der zweite sowie der dritte Anschluss jeweils mit einer Sekundärseite des Transformators verbunden sind. Dies bedeutet, dass ein einziger Transformator für sämtliche Wandleraufgaben zwischen dem internen Bordnetzen sowie einem externen Versorgungsnetz genügt.About that In addition, there are particular advantages when the energy conversion device a transformer, wherein the first terminal with the Primary, and the second and third Connection with a secondary side of the transformer are connected. This means that a single transformer for All converter tasks between the internal electrical system and an external supply network is sufficient.

Speziell kann erfindungsgemäß auch ein Ladegerät mit der geschilderten Energiewandlervorrichtung bereitgestellt werden, wobei an dem ersten Anschluss eine Netzspannung, an dem zweiten Anschluss ein Hochspannungszwischenkreis und an dem dritten Anschluss ein 12 V-Bordnetz anschließbar ist. Schließlich wird auch ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem derartigen Ladegerät vorgeschlagen.specially can also be a charger according to the invention provided with the described energy conversion device, wherein at the first terminal a mains voltage, at the second Connecting a high voltage intermediate circuit and at the third connection a 12 V electrical system can be connected. After all also becomes a motor vehicle with such a charger proposed.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen zeigen:The The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings explained in more detail, in which show:

1 ein Schaltungsdiagramm eines erfindungsgemäßen Ladegeräts; 1 a circuit diagram of a charger according to the invention;

2 eine Skizze des Energieflusses in einem ersten Betriebsmodus; 2 a sketch of the energy flow in a first mode of operation;

3 eine Skizze des Energieflusses in einem zweiten Betriebsmodus und 3 a sketch of the energy flow in a second mode of operation and

4 eine Skizze eines Energieflusses in einem dritten Betriebsmodus. 4 a sketch of an energy flow in a third mode of operation.

Die nachfolgend näher geschilderten Ausführungsformen stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The Below detailed embodiments represent preferred embodiments of the present invention Invention.

1 zeigt schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Ladegeräts mit integriertem DC/DC-Wandler. Die Eingangsstufe des Ladegeräts weist einen Gleichrichter 1 auf, welcher beispielsweise von einer Netzspannung mit 110 V bzw. 240 V Wechselspannung gespeist wird. Dem Gleichrichter 1 ist eine PFC-Einheit 2 (Power Factor Correction) nachgeschaltet, um durch Leistungsfaktorkorrektur die Verlustleistung bei der Stromentnahme zu reduzieren. Anschließend wird der Gleichstrom einer DC/DC-Wandlereinheit mit galvanischer Trennung zugeführt. In dem gewählten Beispiel weist der DC/DC-Wandler einen Transformator 3 auf, dessen primärseitige Spule 4 N1 Wicklungen besitzt. Außerdem besitzt der Trafo 3 zwei oder mehr sekundärseitige Spulen 5 und 6 jeweils mit den Wicklungszahlen N2 und N3 bis Nn. Sämtliche Spulen 4, 5 und 6 sind hier galvanisch voneinander getrennt. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a charger according to the invention with integrated DC / DC converter. The entrance level of the Charger has a rectifier 1 which is supplied, for example, by a mains voltage of 110 V or 240 V AC. The rectifier 1 is a PFC unit 2 (Power Factor Correction) downstream, in order to reduce the power loss by power factor correction, the power loss. Subsequently, the direct current is supplied to a DC / DC converter unit with galvanic isolation. In the example chosen, the DC / DC converter has a transformer 3 on, its primary-side coil 4 N1 windings owns. In addition, the transformer has 3 two or more secondary-side coils 5 and 6 each with the winding numbers N2 and N3 to Nn. All coils 4 . 5 and 6 are galvanically separated from each other here.

An der primärseitigen Spule 4 ist ein DC/AC-Wandler 7 angeschlossen, der den Gleichstrom von der PFC-Einheit 2 in einen Wechselstrom für die Spule 4 wandelt.At the primary-side coil 4 is a DC / AC converter 7 connected to the DC power from the PFC unit 2 in an alternating current for the coil 4 converts.

An die eine sekundärseitige Spule 5 ist ein AC/DC-Wandler 8 angeschlossen, der die Wechselspannung der Spule 5 in eine Gleichspannung für einen HV-Zwischenkreis bereitstellt. Parallel hierzu, aber galvanisch getrennt, ist an die andere sekundärseitige Spule 6 ebenfalls ein AC/DC-Wandler 9 angeschlossen, der die Wechselspannung der Spule 6 in eine Gleichspannung für ein 12 V-Bordnetz wandelt.To the one secondary-side coil 5 is an AC / DC converter 8th connected to the AC voltage of the coil 5 into a DC voltage for a HV intermediate circuit. Parallel to this, but galvanically isolated, is to the other secondary-side coil 6 also an AC / DC converter 9 connected to the AC voltage of the coil 6 converted into a DC voltage for a 12 V electrical system.

Der in 1 dargestellte Schaltungsaufbau symbolisiert primär eine Energiewandlervorrichtung mit drei Anschlüssen, nämlich einem ersten Anschluss zum Anschließen einer Energiequelle (1- oder 3-phasiges Versorgungsnetz), einem zweiten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer (zweiten) Gleichstromeinrichtung (HV-Zwischenkreis) mit einer zweiten Spannung (Hochspannung) und einem dritten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer (dritten) Gleichstromeinrichtung (12 V-Bordnetz) mit einer dritten Spannung (z. B. 12 V). Energie kann von dem ersten zum zweiten und/oder dritten Anschluss übertragen werden. Darüber hinaus kann Energie wahlweise auch von dem zweiten zum dritten oder vom dritten zum zweiten Anschluss übertragen werden. Dies bedeutet, dass die Energiewandlervorrichtung, die in ein Ladegerät integriert sein kann, in drei Betriebsmodi eingesetzt werden kann. Diese drei Betriebsmodi sind im Zusammenhang mit den 2 bis 4 näher erläutert.The in 1 The circuit configuration shown primarily symbolizes a power conversion device with three connections, namely a first connection for connecting a power source (1- or 3-phase supply network), a second connection for operating a (second) direct current device (HV link) with a second voltage (high voltage) and a third terminal for operating a (third) DC device (12 V electrical system) with a third voltage (eg 12 V). Energy can be transferred from the first to the second and / or third port. In addition, energy can optionally also be transmitted from the second to the third or from the third to the second connection. This means that the energy conversion device, which may be integrated in a charger, can be used in three modes of operation. These three operating modes are related to the 2 to 4 explained in more detail.

In dem ersten Betriebsmodus gemäß 2 ist das Ladegerät beispielsweise an einem öffentlichen Stromnetz bzw. Versorgungsnetz angeschlossen, und eine Fahrzeugbatterie wird geladen. Es erfolgt somit ein Energiefluss über die Wicklung 4 zu der Wicklung 5 und/oder Wicklung 6. Dieser Energiefluss 10 ist in 2 mit einem Pfeil eingezeichnet, der hinsichtlich der Verwendung des Trafos für das Laden von der Primärseite zur Sekundärseite weist. Es findet damit ein Energiefluss hier beispielsweise vom öffentlichen Stromnetz zum HV-Zwischenkreis oder einer HV-Batterie bzw. zum 12 V-Bordnetz statt.In the first operating mode according to 2 For example, if the charger is connected to a public power grid, and a vehicle battery is being charged. There is thus an energy flow through the winding 4 to the winding 5 and / or winding 6 , This energy flow 10 is in 2 drawn with an arrow that points with respect to the use of the transformer for charging from the primary side to the secondary side. There is thus an energy flow here, for example, from the public power grid to HV intermediate circuit or a HV battery or 12 V electrical system instead.

In einem zweiten Betriebsmodus gemäß 3 findet kein Ladebetrieb statt. Vielmehr wird das 12 V-Bordnetz aus dem HV-Zwischenkreis gespeist. Demnach findet ein Energiefluss 11 von dem HV-Zwischenkreis/HV-Batterie zum 12 V-Bordnetz statt. Insbesondere fließt die Energie von dem HV-Zwischenkreis über den hier zur DC/AC-Wandlung genutzten Wandler 8, die Wicklung 5, galvanisch davon getrennt weiter über die Wicklung 6 und den AC/DC-Wandler 9 zum 12 V-Bordnetz. Der im Ladebetrieb (2) genutzte primärseitige Teil des Ladegeräts bzw. der Energiewandlervorrichtung wird hier im zweiten Betriebsmodus nicht genutzt, weshalb er in 3 nicht eingezeichnet ist. In diesem zweiten Betriebsmodus stellt die Spule 5 die Primärseite und die Spule 6 die Sekundärseite des Transformators 3 dar. Die Nomenklatur „Primärseite” und „Sekundärseite” wird hier und im Weiteren jedoch auf den Ladebetrieb bezogen, weshalb die beiden Spulen 5 und 6 als Sekundärspulen bezeichnet werden.In a second operating mode according to 3 There is no charging operation. Rather, the 12 V electrical system is fed from the HV link. Accordingly, finds an energy flow 11 from the HV intermediate circuit / HV battery to the 12 V electrical system instead. In particular, the energy flows from the HV link via the converter used here for DC / AC conversion 8th , the winding 5 , galvanically separated further on the winding 6 and the AC / DC converter 9 to the 12 V electrical system. The in charging mode ( 2 ) used primary-side part of the charger or the energy conversion device is not used here in the second mode of operation, which is why he in 3 is not shown. In this second operating mode, the coil stops 5 the primary side and the coil 6 the secondary side of the transformer 3 The nomenclature "primary side" and "secondary side" is here and hereafter referred to the loading operation, which is why the two coils 5 and 6 be referred to as secondary coils.

In einem dritten Betriebsmodus gemäß 4 erfolgt ebenfalls kein Laden einer Fahrzeugbatterie. Daher ist auch hier der primärseitige Teil des Ladegeräts nicht dargestellt. In dem dritten Betriebsmodus erfolgt eine Versorgung des HV-Zwischenkreises aus dem 12 V-Bordnetz. Daher ergibt sich ein Energiefluss 12 von dem 12 V-Bordnetz zu dem HV-Zwischenkreis/HV-Batterie. Dieser Energiefluss 12 erfolgt über den Wandler 9, der hier als DC/AC-Wandler genutzt wird, die Spule 6, die Spule 5 und den AC/DC-Wandler 8. Auch hier ist die für den Ladebetrieb notwendige Spule 4 nicht betroffen.In a third operating mode according to 4 likewise no charging of a vehicle battery takes place. Therefore, the primary-side part of the charger is not shown here. In the third operating mode, the HV intermediate circuit is supplied from the 12 V electrical system. Therefore, an energy flow results 12 from the 12 V electrical system to the HV link / HV battery. This energy flow 12 takes place via the converter 9 , which is used here as a DC / AC converter, the coil 6 , the sink 5 and the AC / DC converter 8th , Again, the necessary for the charging coil 4 not affected.

Das Ladegerät bzw. die Energiewandlervorrichtung wird somit zum Laden, aber auch zum Energietransport von einem Bordnetz in ein anderes Bordnetz genutzt. Für sämtliche Betriebsmodi ist eine galvanische Trennung notwendig. Für die galvanische Trennung wird üblicherweise ein Transformator eingesetzt, der die Baugröße, das Gewicht und die Kosten der jeweiligen Baugruppe signifikant mitbestimmt. Deshalb ist hier in das Ladegerät ein DC/DC-Wandler integriert, mit dem ein Energiefluss zwischen zwei Gleichspannungs-Bordnetzen ermöglicht wird. Insbesondere wird hier für das Ladgerät und den DC/DC-Wandler ein gemeinsamer Transformator genutzt. Speziell ergeben sich somit Vorteile hinsichtlich der Einsparung von Hardware. Speziell kann auf einen eigenen Transformator, Stecker, und eventuell ein separates Gehäuse verzichtet werden. Außerdem lässt sich der Bauraum bzw. das Bauvolumen reduzieren.The Charger or the energy conversion device is thus for charging, but also for energy transport from a vehicle electrical system in used another electrical system. For all operating modes is a galvanic separation necessary. For galvanic isolation Usually, a transformer is used, which is the Frame size, weight and cost of each Assembly significantly influenced. That's why here in the charger a DC / DC converter integrates with which a flow of energy between two DC voltage on-board networks is possible. Especially is here for the charger and the DC / DC converter a common transformer used. Especially arise thus Advantages regarding the saving of hardware. Specially can on its own transformer, plug, and possibly a separate one Housing be omitted. Besides, lets reduce the space or the volume of construction.

11
Gleichrichterrectifier
22
PFC-EinheitPFC unit
33
Transformatortransformer
4, 5, 64, 5, 6
SpulenDo the washing up
77
DC/AC-WandlerDC / AC converter
8, 98th, 9
AC/DC-WandlerAC / DC converter
10, 11, 1210 11, 12
Energieflüsseenergy flows

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • - DE 102006000796 A1 [0003] DE 102006000796 A1 [0003]

Claims (5)

Energiewandlervorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit – einem ersten Anschluss zum Anschließen einer Energiequelle, – einem zweiten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer zweiten Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer zweiten Spannung und – einem dritten Anschluss zum Betreiben einer dritten Gleichstromeinrichtung mit einer dritten Spannung, wobei – Energie vom ersten zum zweiten und/oder dritten Anschluss übertragbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – Energie wahlweise auch von dem zweiten zum dritten oder vom dritten zum zweiten Anschluss übertragbar ist.A power conversion device for a motor vehicle, comprising a first connection for connecting a power source, a second connection for operating a second direct current device with a second voltage, and a third connection for operating a third direct current device having a third voltage, wherein energy from the first to the second and / Third connection is transferable, characterized in that - energy is optionally transferable from the second to the third or from the third to the second terminal. Energiewandlervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anschlüsse galvanisch voneinander getrennt sind.Energy conversion device according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the connections are galvanic from each other are separated. Energiewandlervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet durch einen Transformator (3), wobei der erste Anschluss mit der Primärseite (4) des Transformators (3) verbunden ist, und der zweite sowie der dritte Anschluss jeweils mit einer Sekundärseite (5, 6) des Transformators verbunden sind.Energy conversion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a transformer ( 3 ), with the first connection to the primary side ( 4 ) of the transformer ( 3 ), and the second and the third connection each having a secondary side ( 5 . 6 ) of the transformer are connected. Ladegerät mit einer Energiewandlervorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am ersten Anschluss eine Netzspannung anlegbar ist und am zweiten Anschluss ein Hochspannungs-Zwischenkreis sowie am dritten Anschluss ein 12 V-Bordnetz anschließbar sind.Charger with an energy converter device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that at the first connection a mains voltage can be applied and at the second Connection of a high-voltage DC link as well as on the third connection a 12 V electrical system can be connected. Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Ladegerät gemäß Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch einen Hochspannungs-Zwischenkreis, an dem der zweite Anschluss der Energiewandlervorrichtung angeschlossen ist, und einem 12 V-Bordnetz, an dem der dritte Anschluss der Energiewandlervorrichtung angeschlossen ist.Motor vehicle with a charger according to claim 4, characterized by a high-voltage intermediate circuit on which the second terminal of the energy conversion device is connected is, and a 12 V electrical system, at which the third terminal of the energy converter device connected.
DE102009007737A 2009-02-05 2009-02-05 Energy converter device for battery charger of electrical hybrid vehicle, has three connections, where energy is transferable from first to second and/or third connection, from second to third connection or from third to second connection Withdrawn DE102009007737A1 (en)

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EP3536535A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-11 Audi Ag Charger for a motor vehicle
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CN117104041A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-24 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 Vehicle-mounted charging circuit suitable for electric automobile and vehicle

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DE102012203612A1 (en) 2012-03-07 2013-09-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery charger for charging high and low-voltage batteries in e.g. electric vehicle, provides first charging voltage to first battery at output terminals and second charging voltage to second battery at secondary-side rectifier output
US9469262B2 (en) 2012-06-15 2016-10-18 Omron Automotive Electronics Co., Ltd. Vehicle power-supply control device
EP2728735A3 (en) * 2012-11-05 2014-11-05 Bombardier Transportation GmbH Modular traction converter system with energy storage device for providing a dc link voltage and method for its operation
EP3478527B1 (en) 2016-08-31 2020-07-01 Siemens Mobility GmbH Bidirectional onboard electrical power converter and method of operating the same
EP3290254A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bidirectional onboard electrical power converter and method of operating the same
WO2018041493A1 (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-03-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Bidirectional vehicle electrical system converter and method for operation thereof
CN109641527A (en) * 2016-08-31 2019-04-16 西门子移动有限公司 Two-way In-vehicle networking converter and its operation method
CN110014889A (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-07-16 保时捷股份公司 Power supply to the low-voltage In-vehicle networking of the vehicle with electric drive
CN110014889B (en) * 2017-10-05 2022-04-19 保时捷股份公司 Power supply for a low-voltage on-board network of a vehicle having an electric drive
EP3536535A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-11 Audi Ag Charger for a motor vehicle
DE102018203263A1 (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Audi Ag Charging device for a motor vehicle
CN110228367A (en) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-13 奥迪股份公司 Charging unit for motor vehicle
EP3591822A1 (en) * 2018-07-02 2020-01-08 Schneider Electric IT Corporation Dc ups architecture and solution
US11056909B2 (en) 2018-07-02 2021-07-06 Schneider Electric It Corporation DC UPS architecture and solution
CN110676926A (en) * 2018-07-02 2020-01-10 施耐德电气It公司 DC Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) architecture and solution
CN110676926B (en) * 2018-07-02 2023-09-05 施耐德电气It公司 DC Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) architecture and solution
WO2020030357A1 (en) 2018-08-07 2020-02-13 Audi Ag Electrical energy system comprising fuel cells
DE102020204336A1 (en) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Vehicle-side high-voltage charging circuit and vehicle electrical system
DE102020204336B4 (en) 2020-04-03 2022-01-13 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Vehicle-side high-voltage charging circuit and vehicle electrical system
DE102020118861A1 (en) 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft On-board network, device and method for supplying energy to a sub-network of an on-board network
DE102021116525A1 (en) 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 Preh Gmbh Device and method for the electrical supply of a low-voltage on-board network of a motor vehicle, in particular an electric motor vehicle
WO2022194433A1 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 Preh Gmbh Apparatus and method for supplying electricity to a low-voltage on-board power supply system of a motor vehicle, in particular an electric motor vehicle
CN117104041A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-24 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 Vehicle-mounted charging circuit suitable for electric automobile and vehicle

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