WO2012075645A1 - 一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料 - Google Patents

一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料 Download PDF

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WO2012075645A1
WO2012075645A1 PCT/CN2010/079675 CN2010079675W WO2012075645A1 WO 2012075645 A1 WO2012075645 A1 WO 2012075645A1 CN 2010079675 W CN2010079675 W CN 2010079675W WO 2012075645 A1 WO2012075645 A1 WO 2012075645A1
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insulator
surface coating
carbon black
low
temperature
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PCT/CN2010/079675
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贾志东
姚森敏
彭向阳
许志海
关志成
王红斌
廖志焱
毛先胤
苏华锋
韦晓星
覃煜
邓禹
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广东电网公司电力科学研究院
清华大学深圳研究生院
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Priority to PCT/CN2010/079675 priority Critical patent/WO2012075645A1/zh
Publication of WO2012075645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012075645A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
    • C09D7/68—Particle size between 100-1000 nm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of materials, and in particular, the invention relates to a low temperature hydrophobic surface coating for insulators. Background technique
  • the problem of pollution flash is the primary problem affecting the safe operation of suspension insulators on transmission lines.
  • the insulator on the transmission tower will form a pollution layer under the action of various pollutants in the atmosphere.
  • the surface resistance of the insulator is greatly reduced, and the flashover problem occurs, which affects the safe operation of the transmission line.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a novel insulator surface coating which has surface heat generation characteristics under low temperature conditions and leakage current, thereby having water repellency.
  • a low temperature hydrophobic surface coating for insulators consisting of silicone rubber and carbon black,
  • the carbon black has a mass percentage of 10 to 30%.
  • Carbon black has a positive temperature coefficient, and the electrical resistance of the surface coating increases with increasing temperature, thereby limiting the temperature range of the insulator surface.
  • the added carbon black the upper limit mainly considers the harmful effects of carbon black dispersion on the mechanical properties and insulation properties of the material during the preparation process; the lower limit is the minimum requirement for the amount of carbon black required to produce low temperature water repellency, therefore, the carbon black content is 10 ⁇ 30 % is appropriate.
  • the carbon black has a mass percentage of 15 to 20%.
  • the carbon black content can be adjusted according to the ambient temperature of the coating application site. Increasing the carbon black content can improve the low temperature hydrophobic performance, but it will affect the mechanical strength of the coating. Therefore, the carbon black content of 15-20% is most suitable, that is, it has high low temperature hydrophobic property, and the mechanical strength of the coating is also good.
  • the carbon black is a special conductive carbon black
  • the conductive carbon black is a chain structure having a BET specific surface area of not less than 300 m 2 /g and a diameter of not more than 400 nm.
  • the surface coating has a coating thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 mm, and after coating the surface coating, the leakage current of the insulator operating voltage is between 5 and 20 mA.
  • the principle of the invention is as follows: When the insulator is charged, the leakage current value of the insulator surface is about 5-20 mA, and the filler carbon black with a positive temperature coefficient of resistance is added to the original surface coating silicon rubber, and the paint film on the surface of the insulator
  • the heat of the material increases the surface temperature of the material, so that the surface temperature of the insulator is kept at 0 ° C ⁇ 30 ° C under low temperature conditions, especially in the low temperature freezing rain weather, the surface temperature can be maintained within the temperature range in which the hydrophobicity can function. This reduces condensation, which freezes on the surface of the insulator, effectively reducing the probability of a flashover accident.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention can maintain the water repellency of the surface coating under low temperature conditions by adding filler carbon black having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance to the original surface coating. After being applied to insulators, it has excellent heat generation performance and improves surface water repellency under low temperature environment of insulators. Condensation and high humidity environment can dry insulators through surface heat. Surface, reduce surface conductivity, prevent pollution flashover accidents; and the surface coating construction process of the invention is simple. Conducive to the safe operation of transmission line insulators. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the use of a low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating for an insulator according to the present invention; wherein a center line is used as a boundary, a is an outer surface view of the insulator; b is a sectional view of the insulator; and the surface is coated with the low-temperature hydrophobic surface of the present invention. Paint (indicated by black bold lines); the circled area in b indicates that the surface coating of the present invention is operatively connected to the fitting;
  • Figure 2 shows the state of water droplets attached to a low-temperature, high-humidity environment for 3 hours after the insulator string is coated with a low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating
  • Figure 3 shows the uncoated insulator string, the state of water droplet adhesion in a 3-hour low-temperature and high-humidity environment
  • Figure 4 shows the insulator string coated with RTV coating, the water droplet adhesion state in a 3-hour low-temperature and high-humidity environment
  • Example 1 A low temperature hydrophobic surface coating for insulators
  • a low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating for an insulator the base material of which is a silicone rubber, to which 15% of a conductive carbon black is added.
  • the specific specifications of the special conductive carbon black are shown in the following table.
  • the coating thickness of the surface coating is about 0.3 to 0.4 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the use of a low temperature hydrophobic surface coating for an insulator according to the present invention.
  • the left half of the center line is a view of the outer surface of the insulator, and the right half is a sectional view of the insulator, and the surface is painted.
  • the low temperature hydrophobic surface coating 1 is indicated by a black thickened portion (i.e., reference numeral 1) in Fig. 1, wherein the portion indicated by the circle in the figure requires a low temperature hydrophobic surface coating to be effectively joined to the fitting portion, in this embodiment.
  • the coating thickness is about 0.3 to 0.4 mm.
  • Example 2 Application of the water-repellent effect of the 35 kV insulator string of the low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating of Example 1 In order to verify the effect of the low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating of Example 1, a low-temperature water spray test was carried out in a climate test chamber.
  • the box is sprayed by the nozzle.
  • the particle diameter of the sprayed water mist is close to the natural mist level.
  • the water-covering rate is measured by the rotating cylinder method to be 3 mm/h.
  • the control parameters of the water-spray test are shown in Table 1.
  • the water test voltage is AC 50 Hz, the effective value is 15kV, and the water test is three hours.
  • the experimental group insulator string consisted of three coated low temperature hydrophobic surface coating insulators; the control insulator string consisted of three uncoated low temperature hydrophobic surface coating insulators and three coated ordinary RTV 90 material insulators.
  • the effect of the experimental group insulator (coated low-temperature hydrophobic coating insulator) after three hours of water coating is shown in Figure 2.
  • the effect of uncoated low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating and RTV coating insulator after three hours of water coverage is shown in Figure 3.
  • 4 is shown. It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the surface of the insulator coated with the low-temperature hydrophobic coating has a water droplet aggregate form as a separate water droplet, and no continuous water film or water layer is formed; and the low-temperature hydrophobic surface coating (Fig. 3) and the coated RTV coating are not coated (Fig. 3) Figure 4)
  • the surface of the insulator forms a dense continuous water layer. It shows that the low temperature and hydrophobic surface coating can maintain the surface water repellency of the insulator and reduce the risk of contamination at low temperature in a low temperature and high humidity environment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Description

一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料 技术领域
本发明属于材料领域， 具体地说， 本发明涉及一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水 性表面涂料。 背景技术
污闪问题是影响输电线路悬式绝缘子安全运行的首要问题。 输电杆塔上绝 缘子在大气中各类污染物作用下会形成污秽层， 空气湿度较高时导致绝缘子表 面电阻大幅降低， 以至发生闪络问题， 影响输电线路安全运行。
传统的绝缘子表面材料如 RTV (室温硫化硅橡胶）、 PRTV (超长效室温硫化 硅橡胶)等， 在常温下具有良好的憎水性， 能够很大程度上降低污秽绝缘子污闪 发生的概率， 但是有资料表明， 由于其材料本身的特性， 在接近零度时憎水性 会消失。
我国地域广阔， 大量输电线路经过寒冷地区。 因此， 如何使低温下绝缘子 表面保持优良的憎水性， 可提高绝缘子防污闪能力， 减少冻雨、 凝露等冻结， 从而提高电力系统稳定性。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷， 提供一种新的绝缘子表面涂料， 该涂料在低温条件、 泄漏电流作用下， 具有表面发热的特性， 从而具有憎水性。
为实现上述目的， 本发明釆取了以下技术方案：
一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料，该表面涂料由硅橡胶和炭黑组成， 所述炭黑的质量百分含量为 10~30%。
炭黑具有正温度系数， 表面涂料的电阻随温度升高而增大， 从而限定绝缘 子表面的温度范围。 添加的炭黑， 上限主要考虑涂料制备过程炭黑分散对材料 机械性能和绝缘性能的有害影响； 下限为产生低温憎水性所需炭黑添加量的最 低要求， 因此， 炭黑含量在 10~30%为宜。
优选地， 所述炭黑的质量百分含量为 15~20%。 炭黑的含量可根据涂料应 用现场的环境温度做相应调整。 增高炭黑含量可提高低温憎水性能， 但会影响 涂层机械强度， 因此， 15~20%含量的炭黑最为适宜， 即具有高的低温憎水性能， 涂层的机械强度也较好。
优选地， 所述炭黑为特导电炭黑， 所述特导电炭黑为链状结构， 其 BET 比 表面积不小于 300 m2/g, 直径不大于 400nm。
优选地， 所述表面涂料的涂层厚度为 0.3~0.4mm, 涂覆表面涂料后， 绝缘 子运行电压下泄漏电流介于 5~20mA之间。
本发明的原理为： 当绝缘子带电运行时， 绝缘子表面的泄漏电流值约在 5~20mA,通过在原来的表面涂料一硅橡胶内添加具有正电阻温度系数的填料炭 黑， 绝缘子表面的漆膜材料发热， 提高了材料的表面温度， 使低温条件下绝缘 子表面温度保持在 0°C~30°C ,特别是在低温冻雨天气能够使其表面温度保持在 憎水性能够发挥作用的温度范围内，这样就减少凝露， 冻雨在绝缘子表面凝结， 有效地降低污闪事故发生概率。
与现有技术相比， 本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明通过在原来的表面涂料内添加具有正电阻温度系数的填料炭黑， 使 表面涂料在低温条件下能保持憎水性。 应用于绝缘子后， 发热性能优良， 提高 绝缘子低温环境下表面憎水性； 凝露、 高湿度环境可通过表面发热烘干绝缘子 表面， 降低表面电导率， 防范污闪事故发生； 且本发明表面涂料施工工艺简单。 有利于输电线路绝缘子的安全运行。 附图说明
图 1为本发明用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料的使用示意图； 其中以中 心线为分界， a为绝缘子外表面视图； b为绝缘子的剖面视图； 表面涂刷有本发 明的低温憎水表面涂料 (黑色加粗线表示)； b中圓圈区域表示本发明的表面涂料 与金具部分有效连接；
图 2展示了绝缘子串涂覆低温憎水性表面涂料后， 3小时低温高湿环境下 水滴附着状态；
图 3展示了无涂层的绝缘子串， 3小时低温高湿环境下水滴附着状态； 图 4展示了涂覆 RTV涂料的绝缘子串， 3小时低温高湿环境下水滴附着状 态；
附图标记： 1、 低温憎水性表面涂料。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例来详细说明本发明。
实施例 1 一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料
一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料，该表面涂料的基础物质为硅橡胶， 在所述硅橡胶内添加了 15%的特导电炭黑。特导电炭黑的具体规格如下表所示， 该表面涂料的涂层厚度约为 0.3~0.4mm。
BET比表面积 （m2/g) 1100 直径 (nm) 30
请参阅图 1 , 为本发明的用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料的使用示意图， 图中中心线左半部分为绝缘子外表面视图， 右半部分为绝缘子的剖面视图， 表 面涂刷该实施例的低温憎水性表面涂料 1 , 在图 1中用黑色加粗部分表示 (即附 图标记 1), 其中图中圓圈标注的部分需要低温憎水性表面涂料与金具部分有效 地连接起来， 在该实施例中， 涂层厚度约为 0.3~0.4mm。 实施例 2 应用实施例 1的低温憎水性表面涂料的 35kV绝缘子串的覆水效果 为了验证实施例 1的低温憎水性表面涂料的效果， 在气候试验箱进行了低 温淋水试验。
(1) 试验条件
试验喷淋用水使用经过滤去离子处理的自来水， 和自来水进行不同比例的 混合以调整电导率到 10( s/cm。 使用水拒预冷却覆水水至零度附近， 再经由水 泵加压进入气候试验箱由喷头喷出。 喷出水雾颗粒直径接近自然雾气水平。 使 用旋转圓柱法测量覆水速率为 3mm/h。 覆水试验的控制参数如表 1。
Figure imgf000006_0001
参数 数值
温度 -4。C
水滴平均直径 30 μπι
覆水水电导率（20度时） lOO s/cm
淋水方向 垂直绝缘子串方向
风速 0 覆水实验电压为交流 50 Hz, 有效值 15kV, 覆水实验三小时。
(2)试验对象
Figure imgf000007_0001
实验组绝缘子串由三片涂覆低温憎水性表面涂料绝缘子组成； 对照组绝缘 子串由三片未涂覆低温憎水性表面涂料绝缘子组成， 以及由三片涂覆普通 RTV 90 材料绝缘子组成。
(3)试验结果
实验组绝缘子 (涂覆低温憎水性涂料绝缘子)覆水三小时后的效果如图 2 所 示，未涂覆低温憎水性表面涂料和涂覆 RTV涂料绝缘子覆水三小时后的效果分 95 别如图 3 , 4所示。从图 2可见涂覆低温憎水性涂料的绝缘子表面水滴聚集形态 为独立水珠， 且未形成连续水膜或水层； 而未涂覆低温憎水性表面涂料 (图 3) 和涂覆 RTV涂料 (图 4)绝缘子表面均形成致密连续水层。 表明该低温憎水性表 面涂料在低温高湿环境下， 可较好的保持绝缘子表面憎水性， 降低低温下污闪 风险。
100
以上仅仅是对发明构思实现形式的列举， 本发明的保护范围不应当被视为 仅限于所陈述的实现方法， 本发明的保护范围也涉及于本领域技术人员根据本 发明构思所能够想到的等同技术手段。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料， 其特征在于， 该表面涂料 由包硅橡胶和炭黑组成， 所述炭黑的质量百分含量为 10~30%。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料， 其特征 在于， 所述炭黑的质量百分含量为 15~20%。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料， 其特征 在于， 所述炭黑为特导电炭黑， 所述特导电炭黑为链状结构， 其 BET 比表 面积不小于 300 m2/g, 直径不大于 400nm。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料， 其特征在于， 所述表面涂料的涂层厚度为 0.3~0.4mm。
PCT/CN2010/079675 2010-12-10 2010-12-10 一种用于绝缘子的低温憎水性表面涂料 WO2012075645A1 (zh)

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