WO2012075555A2 - Métodos de controle de compressor com dupla sucção para sistemas de refrigeração - Google Patents
Métodos de controle de compressor com dupla sucção para sistemas de refrigeração Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012075555A2 WO2012075555A2 PCT/BR2011/000455 BR2011000455W WO2012075555A2 WO 2012075555 A2 WO2012075555 A2 WO 2012075555A2 BR 2011000455 W BR2011000455 W BR 2011000455W WO 2012075555 A2 WO2012075555 A2 WO 2012075555A2
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- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- temperature
- suction
- capacity
- sct
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0401—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0251—Compressor control by controlling speed with on-off operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2521—On-off valves controlled by pulse signals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/10—Sensors measuring the temperature of the evaporator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to double suction compressor system and control methods for application in refrigeration systems, capable of meeting the different demands for cost, efficiency and temperature control through techniques of complexity levels and different configurations.
- control loop elements temperature sensors, actuators, controllers, etc.
- the present invention provides different methods suitable for each specific configuration. DESCRIPTION OF TECHNICAL STATE
- PDS [S] Suction line switching period, ie the period of time during which a switching cycle of the two suction lines is completed. Inverse of F D s-
- DDS [%] ' ⁇ cyclic ratio (duty cycle) of suction i.e., with two suction lines, where the passage from the refrigerant gas by the second line is complementary to the first line, there will be a ratio of driving time of each line and period PDS-
- the ratio is cyclical because it refers to the times in a suction line switching period and can be varied with each new period.
- D1 QS is stipulated as the cyclic ratio of the first suction line and D2 D s as the cyclic ratio of the second line.
- D D s refers to the con- next to values (D1 D s, D2 D s), such as (80, 20%), (20, 80%), (50, 50%), etc.
- RPMDS Internal motor rotation to double suction compressor. It can be a fixed or zero value for conventional fixed capacity compressors (or ON-OFF compressor) or any value within an operating range for variable capacity compressors. In a double suction compressor, the RPM value can be set for each suction line, such as RPM E vi and RPM E v2- The cooling capacity of a compressor is proportional to the internal motor speed to the compressor, or proportional. the other form of refrigerant pumping, such as through linear actuators.
- CAPCO P Refrigeration capacity of a compressor, the capacity value can be unique or specific to each suction line (CAPCOMP 1 and CAPCOMP2).
- T D s [Nm] Double suction compressor motor load, either fixed or variable speed motor.
- the load will be specific to each of the two suction lines (T1 D if T2DS) -
- the load processed by the motor can be obtained directly or indirectly by the acquisition of motor electrical signals (voltage, current, lag, etc.).
- CDS Communication Double suction valve in dual suction compressor drive device - capable of driving electronic circuit internal valve to the compressor double suction, at a duty cycle D D S SET (Temperature Sensor Status) - Any contact or electrical signal that changes state between two levels according to certain temperature values, forming a hysteresis window. For example; electromechanical thermostat and electronic thermostat with relay output to drive compressor, or an electronic thermostat with digital output to control another actuator that drives the compressor.
- SCT Continuous Temperature Sensor
- STQ Load Sensor
- ETH Electronic Thermostat
- Electronic Thermostat - Electronic circuit with the main function of interpreting the states or values of SETs and SCTs, and triggering or sending the drive command to the compressor.
- Time Starting Device Timed starting device - Electronic circuit responsible for controlled starting of single-phase induction motor employed in fixed capacity compressors.
- I-VCC Inverter of Variable Capacity Compressor
- Frequency Inverter responsible for driving the motor or actuator present in variable capacity compressors.
- Capillary Valve Control Capillary element restriction regulating valve actuation device - Electronic circuit capable of driving a valve positioned in series with the capillary of the refrigeration circuit at a given frequency and cyclic ratio.
- the double suction compressor consists of a compressor equipped with two suction lines whose switching takes place internally to the compressor in a complementary duty cycle.
- the switching takes place by means of a valve, which switching once every PDS time period, distributes the gas flow through one of the suction lines in a period D1 D sx PDS, and by the second suction line in a period ( 1 -D1 D s) x PDS- Valve switching is by electrical current applied by an external actuator C D s-
- the double suction compressor having a fixed or variable speed motor or actuator, can be used in different types of refrigeration systems, classified by their complexity. Make up This classification to facilitate the understanding of the control methods to be proposed, as they are suitable for different cost, efficiency, performance, etc .:
- thermostat Prioritizes product competitiveness by lower cost of the elements employed. In general, it uses a fixed-speed motor compressor (“ON-OFF compressor”), electro-mechanical thermostat with temperature hysteresis control (on / off). In some cases, the thermostat may be electronic for better adjustment of the hysteresis window of controlled temperatures.
- an additional or more complex element is used to improve temperature control in one or more compartments or to reduce energy consumption.
- this element may be a compressor with variable speed or displacement motor or actuator ("Variable Capacity Compressor", also referred to as having capacity realized by stepped variation in its operating state), or regulating valves of the flow rate near the capillary elements of each refrigeration circuit.
- the thermostat can be either electromechanical or electronic.
- this configuration Prioritizes product competitiveness for better performance (lower consumption, better temperature control, better design, etc.).
- this configuration may have a variable capacity compressor, flow regulating valves near the capillary elements, electronic thermostat with reading of various sensors distributed in each compartment, etc.
- the objectives of the present invention are to provide systems but double suction compressor control methods for application in refrigeration systems, capable of meeting the different demands for cost, efficiency and temperature control through devices and techniques of complexity levels and different configurations of the mesh elements. control (temperature sensors, actuators, controllers, etc.).
- a double suction compressor control system for application in refrigeration systems, the refrigeration system comprising at least two evaporators, the double suction compressor being controllable to alternate its compression capacity.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems comprising at least two evaporators, an ON-OFF double suction compressor, a temperature sensor of the SET type, the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises a step of setting up and controlling a fixed cyclic ratio double suction ON-OFF compressor, where the on / off control of the compressor comes from a single SET element.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems, the refrigeration system comprising at least two evaporators, one ON-OFF double suction compressor, two temperature sensors.
- the method is characterized by the fact that it comprises a step of setting up and controlling a double-suction ON-OFF compressor with two fixed values for the cyclic ratio, having two temperature sensors of type SET, the compressor being turned off when both thermostats reach their respective set-point values.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in cooling systems comprising at least two evaporators, one double-suction compressor of type ON-OFF, two temperature sensors of type SET, the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises a step of configuration of control and of a double suction ON-OFF compressor with three or more fixed values for the cyclic ratio, the cyclic ratio being chosen from the three or more fixed values, by the control logic based on the reading of the states of the two thermostats.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems comprising at least two evaporators, one ON-OFF double suction compressor, two temperature sensors.
- the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises a step of setting up and controlling a variable and continuous cyclic ratio double suction ON-OFF compressor within a working range of 0 to 100 %, set based on the reading of both thermostats, whether SET or SCT.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems, the refrigeration system comprising at least two evaporators, an ON-OFF double suction compressor, one or two sensors. temperature set or SCT, a ST DS motor load TDS sensor, the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises a step of setting up and controlling a variable cyclic ratio double-suction ON-OFF compressor and continuous within a working range of 0 to 100%, defined based on the reading of a single temperature sensor positioned on one of the two evaporators, and on the reading of the motor processed load (be it a rotary motor or a linear actuator). ) for each suction line.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in cooling systems, the cooling system comprising at least two evaporators, a variable capacity double suction compressor (or VCC compressor), two temperature sensors, the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises a configuration step in which the control The system level defines the capacity required by each system compartment, regulating these capacities by adjusting the cyclic suction ratio and the compressor capacity.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems comprising at least two evaporators, a variable capacity double suction compressor, one or two sensors.
- temperature of the SET or SCT type, a load sensor T D are engine, the method being characterized in that it comprises a configuration step in which either the duty cycle, variable and continuous within a working range, as the CAP COMP I and CAP COMP 2 compressor capacities, or a combination of the two action variables, are defined based on readings from one or two SET or SCT type temperature sensors and T1 DS and T2 D load readings.
- a double suction compressor control method for application in refrigeration systems comprising a compressor with at least two suctions, two evaporators, a condenser, at least one temperature sensor. located in one of the compartments to be cooled, with capillaries connected to each of the evaporators, and at least one flow control valve of one of the suctions, an electronic control operably connected to the compressor and a suction control valve capable of at least detecting the compressor load point by a process which may be by observing the input current or by observing the lag between the current and voltage applied to the compressor motor, and by controlling the opening or closing state suction valve, and the compressor has its operating state on or off determined go from watching the temperature in at least one of the compartments, characterized in that the electronic controller keeps the suction valve alternately open and closed, in a time relation calculated according to a mathematical function that considers fixed parameters related to predefined cooling system characteristics, and load parameters. measured on the compressor when alternately connected to the refrigerator or freezer suction line.
- the objectives are achieved by a method of controlling and adjusting the cooling capacities of a refrigeration system equipped with a double suction compressor, the refrigeration system comprising compartments to be cooled and comprising at least two evaporators 20 positioned in the 60,70, the double suction compressor 10 being controllable to alternate its compressive capacity, the method being characterized by the fact that it comprises steps of: (i) continuously measuring at least one temperature from a temperature sensor; SET.SCT temperature associated with at least one of the evaporators 20 and (ii) acting on the compressive capacity of the compressor 10 from the measurement of step (i).
- a double suction compressor control system 10 for application in refrigeration systems comprising at least two evaporators 20, positioned in the compartments to be cooled 60,70, the compressor 10 double suction SCi, SC2 being controllable to alternate its compression capacity, the compressor being controlled by an electronic control 90, the system being characterized by the fact that it comprises at least two evaporators 20; the electronic control being configured to act on compressor 10 compression capacity by measuring at least one SET.SCT temperature sensor associated with at least one of the evaporators 20;
- the refrigeration system being capable of characterized by the fact that comprising: a compressor 10 with at least two SCi, SC 2 suctions, at least two evaporators 20, positioned in the compartments to be cooled 60,70, at least one SET.SCT temperature sensor located in one of the compartments compartments to be cooled 60.70, provided with capillaries connected to each of the evaporators, and
- a refrigerator comprising a refrigeration circuit including a compressor 10 comprising at least two suctions SCi, SC 2 , the refrigerator comprising compartments to be cooled and comprising at least two evaporators 20 positioned in the compartments. to be refrigerated 60.70; an electronic control operably connected to the compressor and suction control valve; at least one flow control valve for isolating the fluid connection from one of the suctions to one of the evaporators 20;
- the cooler is characterized by the fact that the electronic control 90 is configured to measure at least one cooling circuit behavior variable to selectively command a suction valve and toggle an operating state of one of the evaporators 20 at an alternating ratio. established by the ratio of measurements of at least one cooling circuit behavior variable.
- Figure 1 illustrates an example of applying a double suction compressor to a two evaporator system. Shown in the figure is the CDS element for actuating the double suction valve internal to the compressor; the compressor with its two suction lines; the two evaporators, each with their own temperature sensing means, may be by SET element (eg electromechanical thermostat) or SCT (eg NTC); optional CVC elements and their capillary restraint regulating valves;
- SET element eg electromechanical thermostat
- SCT eg NTC
- FIG 2 illustrates two common forms of temperature sensing in the compartment to which each evaporator is coupled.
- a SET element usually being an electromechanical thermostat contact.
- the temperature is measured by an SCT element, and the information is processed by an electronic ETH control for further action.
- the ETH element can send command signals to another electronic control to drive some actuator in the system, such as to a CDS element responsible for actuating the double suction compressor valve.
- Command signals in this example of the figure as the reference for D D s
- the temperature levels obtained by the SCT element can also be processed by integrated electronic controls, as suggested in 8;
- Figure 3 - illustrates a classic diagram of a control loop
- Figure 4 - illustrates an example of control of a double suction compressor, where there is information from only one temperature sensor, in this case, a SET element.
- the cyclic ratio D D s has a single fixed value applied to the compressor whenever it is started;
- FIG. 5 - illustrates an example of control of a double suction compressor, where there is information of two temperature sensors, in this In this case, two SET elements.
- the cyclic ratio D D s has two fixed values, applied to the compressor whenever it is started, and following a logic related to temperature sensor information;
- Figure 6 - illustrates an example of control of a double suction compressor, where there is information from a temperature sensor, in this case, a SET element.
- the CDS element drives the cyclic ratio suction valve D D if it has a built-in compressor STQ load sensor (for T D s sensing);
- Figure 7 - illustrates an example of control of a double suction variable capacity compressor, where there is information from two temperature sensors, in this case, two SET elements.
- the CDS element drives the cyclic ratio suction valve D D if it is integrated with the I-VCC inverter and STQ load sensor.
- the l-VDC inverter can drive the compressor with different capacities for D1 DS and D2DS; and
- Figure 8 - illustrates an example of control of a double suction variable capacity compressor, where there is information from two temperature sensors, in this case two SCT elements connected to a single control composed of an ETH thermostat, a CDS element that drives the valve.
- cyclic ratio suction system D D s a lQV inverter with STQ load sensor, and CVC controls.
- Figure 9 - represents the topology of the single-phase induction motor with the SP and SA control switches for the winding of main coil P and starting coil A. It also represents the supply voltages VR and the current in the IP main winding.
- the current level (IP) observed in the main coil (P) is proportional to the load level (torque T) applied to the motor.
- Figures 1 1 and 12 - represent the current levels observed in the motor operating winding when operating at different loads (Load 1 and Load 2), and the lag (F1, F2) between the current vector (IP) and the voltage vector (VR) of the network, respectively. This angle changes with the engine load level.
- Figure 13 - represents the complete control system connected to the compressor, and the control module (Control) receives the mains voltage (VR) information, the current information in the motor main winding (IP), and this level The current rating changes between the values (IP1 and IP2) depending on whether the compressor is connected to suction 1 or suction 2.
- This control (Control) calculates according to this preset load information and parameters, the times when the suction valve should be activated (CDS) via the control signal (command for suction valve).
- the plant to be controlled consists of at least passive elements in a refrigeration circuit, such as heat exchange (condenser 30 and evaporator 20) and restraint (capillary) elements.
- the compartments to be cooled are indirect components of the plant because they are thermally coupled to the evaporators.
- the double suction compressor there are at least two evaporators, each of which is coupled to a separate cooling system compartment (such as a freezer compartment and a refrigerator compartment).
- a separate cooling system compartment such as a freezer compartment and a refrigerator compartment.
- Actuators are the active elements within a refrigeration circuit, such as the compressor (in this case, double suction), the valve internal to the compressor to switch the suction line, and one or two capillary element restriction regulating valves. of each evaporator.
- Other actuators may be present depending on complexity and range such as dampers, fans, shut-off valves, etc.
- the double suction compressor may be fitted with a conventional or variable speed motor, a linear displacement motor and a fixed or variable frequency motor.
- a fixed capacity compressor or "ON-OFF”
- the refrigerant pumping capacity is fixed when turned on.
- VCC - Variable Capacity Compressor the refrigerant gas pumping capacity is regulated according to the engine speed or displacement and frequency of a linear actuator, and there may be a specific capacity for each of the two suction lines.
- the compressor suction line actuator operates at a high frequency compared to the dynamics of the refrigeration system, so the two evaporators drive the refrigerant with a pulsation from the suction valve switching that is barely noticeable to the heat exchange capacity of the refrigerators. evaporators.
- capillary restriction regulating valves may be present. These actuators operate at a frequency other than that used to switch the internal valve to the double suction compressor to avoid system instability.
- each evaporator has its capillary element, and therefore each evaporator may have associated a series restriction regulating valve with its capillary.
- the controller can be of very low complexity, being only one command on and off, as it can be gradually more complex, being able to receive and interpret information referring to several quantities of the plant, and commanding several actuators simultaneously through discrete or continuous signals.
- the controller will receive at least temperature information from one or more electromechanical thermostats. And based on its control logic, it will drive the actuators: suction valve and compressor motor.
- the controller will be able to receive a larger set of information, such as the actual temperature at different points of the system, load processed. by internal motor to compressor, compressor consumption, etc. And based on its control logic, it will control the various actuators: compressor suction valve, engine speed or displacement for each suction line, capillary regulator valve (s), etc. .
- the most elementary sensor in a refrigeration system is the temperature sensor, or thermostat, which can be of type SET (usually electro-mechanical) or SCT (sensors coupled to an electronic control, or electronic thermostat).
- the first type, electro-mechanical SET is widely used in low cost and low complexity refrigeration systems, and provides system state information, ie whether the measured temperature has reached one of the two values that determine a hysteresis window. .
- system state information ie whether the measured temperature has reached one of the two values that determine a hysteresis window.
- SCT thermal coupling quality
- the actual temperature information is processed by an electronic circuit, where in this process, the temperature value is translated into electrical signals for consequent control actions of the refrigeration system.
- the STQ load sensor is in turn composed of sensors that monitor motor electrical quantities (such as current, voltage, frequency, lag, etc.).
- sensors may be present in refrigeration systems equipped with a double suction compressor, such as power consumption sensors, door opening sensors, pressure sensors, etc.
- references generally relate to evaporator (or compartment) temperatures, motor load values for each of the two suctions, and so on.
- such quantities may range from a single temperature to a set of variables to be prioritized (temperatures, consumption, speed of response, etc.).
- a refrigeration system equipped with a double suction compressor there are at least two evaporators with cooling capacities determined by the cyclic ratio of the internal valve to the compressor. Since the valve is switched at a high frequency compared to the dynamics of the cooling system, the evaporators drive the refrigerant with a pulse barely noticeable to the evaporators heat exchange capacity (CAP E v).
- CAP E v evaporators heat exchange capacity
- a proper cooling capacity for each evaporator (CAP E v1, CAPE V 2) is possible which can be varied according to the cyclic ratio of the internal valve to the compressor and the value of the compressor capacity.
- CAPC OM P Capacity delivered by the compressor
- the capacity variation of each evaporator can be controlled within a wider range, and even decoupled between the two evaporators by independently adjusting each compressor capacity for each suction line. .
- the variation of the The capacity of each evaporator will depend on this rotation and the cyclic suction ratio:
- RPMSET Engine speed, kept equal for both suction lines
- RPM E vi and RPM E v2 Engine speed for each suction line.
- Control methods are proposed for refrigeration systems equipped with a double suction compressor, either fixed or variable capacity.
- the methods are cited in increasing order of system complexity, seeking to point out the competitive advantages for each solution, either for low cost, low temperature error, lower consumption, etc.
- the suction valve's CDS control can change the cyclic ratio D D s to its second fixed value by applying highest capacity to that evaporator where the thermostat has not yet reached its set-point
- Figure 5 exemplifies the configuration, where the SETs elements are electromechanical thermostat contacts, which in addition to powering the compressor, also feed the CDS 90 element. of the CDS 90 element, however, can be independent of the SET elements.
- the high cyclical ratio (eg freezer 80%, refrigerator 20%) generates excess capacity in freezer 60 (first refrigerated environment), and generates capacity deficiency in refrigerator 70 (second refrigerated environment).
- Low cyclical ratio is the reverse. There will be in this configuration a dominant SET (thermostat) element, or the one that first reaches its set-point.
- cyclic ratio D DS eg 50, 50%; 20, 80% and 80, 20%
- the cyclic ratio D D s is chosen from three or more fixed values by combining the two thermostats. Referring to Figure 5, the condition in which both elements are connected SET (ON) having a third value of D s D, which may be, for example, (50, 50%). Therefore, a CDS 90 electronic control with minimal processing capacity may be required to interpret these combinations and control the suction valve.
- Note 1 There are 2 temperature sensors (electromechanical or electronic thermostats, type SET or SCT), and cyclic ratio D D s with continuous value within a range.
- the cyclic suction ratio D1 D s is incremented, and identically, with the temperature in a second compartment (T2) above the value.
- the suction cycle ratio D2 D s- 5 5.
- the system with at least two evaporators, with double-suction compressor type ON-OFF, one or two temperature sensors (type SET or SCT) is increased. , a STQ load T DS motor sensor, and continuous value for the ratio D D s-
- There may be one compressor capacity for each compartment (CAP C OMP1 ⁇ CAP C OMP2), or one fixed (CAPcoMp CAPCOMP2), prioritizing the best efficiency or the smallest variation in compressor capacity.
- Note 1 There are 2 two temperature sensors (of type SET or SCT), a ratio D D s with continuous value within a range, and capacities of the same or different pressure for each suction line (CAPCOMPI and CAP-
- both the cyclic ratio D D s (variable and continuous within a working range) and the capacities of the CAP C OMP1 and CAP C O P2 compressor, or a combination of the two action variables, are defined based on the readings of one or two temperature sensors (type SET or SCT) and the load readings T1 D if T2 D s -
- a single SET-type sensor eg electromechanical thermostat
- the temperature in the unmonitored evaporator (T2) is estimated with based on prior knowledge of the relationship between the temperature in the other evaporator (T1) and T1 DS and T2DS loads-
- Note 1 There are 1 or 2 temperature sensors (of type SET or SCT), a ratio D D s with continuous value within a range, and compressor capacities, same or different for each suction line (CAP C OMP1 and CAP - CO P2).
- This compressor controller may be of the type provided with at least one controllable bilateral switch (may be of the Triac type) serially connected to the main or operating motor winding, the controller measuring the phase difference between voltage and current.
- This load applied to the motor when connected to each of the suction lines keeps a ratio mainly with the evaporation pressures and consequently the evaporation temperatures in each evaporator.
- A. Fixed Timer CDS Electronic control with main function of driving the suction valve with a single fixed cyclic ratio whenever a single SET element acts (see Figure 4). Control has a simple timer circuit to set the D DS ratio, and can be constructed to be coupled or not to the compressor. The control and compressor may or may not receive power from the closing of the SET element. Control of low cost and complexity, meeting the needs of the drive configuration and control as per 1.
- Control has a circuit with simple timers to define the two D DS values; It is equipped with sensors to identify the state of both SET elements, and can be constructed to be coupled or not to the compressor. The controller and compressor may or may not receive power from closing the SET elements. Control of low cost and complexity, meeting the needs of the drive and control configuration as per 2.
- CDS with fixed timers, logic processing capability, and two-element sensing SET Electronic control with main function of driving the suction valve with one of three or more preset DDS cyclic ratios, each employing DDS values are conditioned to a control logic based on the state of at least two system SET elements.
- Control has a circuit with simple timers for setting fixed DDS values; a logic circuit capable of defining the best Dos value based on the states of the SET elements; It is equipped with sensors to identify the state of the SET elements, and can be constructed to be coupled or not to the compressor.
- the CDS control and compressor may or may not receive power from closing the SET elements.
- D. CDS with digital processing capability and two-element sensing SET Electronic control with main function of driving the suction valve with a continuous cyclic ratio D D s within a range, where the value of D D s is continuously set according to control logic based on the state of at least two system SET elements.
- Control has a digital processing element (microcontroller or DSP - Digital Signal Processor); a logic capable of defining the best value of D D s based on the states of the SET elements; It is equipped with sensors to identify the state of the SET elements, and can be constructed to be coupled or not to the compressor.
- the CDS control and compressor may or may not receive power from closing the SET elements.
- the CDS 90 element must be permanently energized or be able to memorize its state before the simultaneous shutdown of the SET elements. Control of greater cost and complexity, meeting the needs of the drive configuration and control as 4.
- E. CDS capable of digital processing, equipped with an STQ element and sensing one or two SET elements.
- Electronic control with main function of driving the suction valve with a duty cycle D D are continuous within a range, and the value of D D S is continuously adjusted in accordance with control based logic state of one or two SET elements and the load values processed by the compressor motor obtained by the STQ element.
- THE Figure 6 illustrates the configuration where there is only one SET element.
- Control has a digital processing element (microcontroller or DSP); logic capable of setting the best value of D D s based on the state of one or two SET elements; an STQ element, and is provided with sensors to identify the state of up to two SET elements, and may be constructed to be coupled or not coupled to the compressor. Control of greater cost and complexity, meeting the needs of the drive configuration and control as 5.
- F. Command follower CDS Electronic control with main function of driving the suction valve with a continuous cyclic ratio D D s within a range, the value of D D s being continuously adjusted according to command signals from another electronic control, such as an ETH control (see Figure 2b) or 1-VCC. Control has a circuit that follows command signals, translating them into cyclic ratio values. D D s- Can be built to be coupled or not to the compressor, or next to the ETH or l-VCC controls. Control of lower cost and complexity, being one of the necessary elements to perform the drive configuration and control according to 6.
- CDS integrated with l-VCC control Single electronic assembly, containing l-VCC control and CDS control described in command-following CDS.
- D DS and the capacity of the VCC compressor CAPco M pl and CAP C O P2
- ETH control the capacity of the VCC compressor
- Integrated CDS with l-VCC and ETH Controls Unique electronic package, containing l-VCC and ETH controls, and the CDS control described in command-following CDS.
- D D and VDC compressor capacity CAP C OMP1 and CAPCO P2
- Control has an element of digital processing (microcontroller or DSP); a logic capable of defining the best set of action variables (Dos, CAP C OMP1 and CAP-COMP2) based on SCT sensor readings, and can be constructed to be coupled or not coupled to the compressor. Control of greater cost and complexity, being one of the ways to configure the drive and control according to 6.
- Integrated CDS with l-VCC controls, featuring an STQ element Single electronic assembly containing l-VCC and CDS controls as described in command-following CDS, further containing an STQ element (see Figure 7).
- the value of D D and the capacity of the VCC compressor (CAPCOMP and CAPCOMP2) are continuously adjusted according to the state of one or two system SET elements, and the load values processed by the compressor motor obtained by the element. STQ.
- Control has a digital processing element (microcontroller or DSP); a logical able to determine the best set of action variables (D s D, C OMP1 CAP and CAP C P2) based on the state of a SET or two components; an STQ element, and is provided with sensors to identify the state of up to two SET elements, and may be constructed to be coupled or not coupled to the compressor.
- DSP digital processing element
- STQ element logical able to determine the best set of action variables
- J. CDS integrated with TSD control Electronic set according to "CDS with fixed timer”; “CDS with fixed timers and two-element sensing SET”; “CDS with fixed timers, logic processing capability, and two-element SET sensing”; “CDS with digital processing capability, and two-element SET sensing”; “CDS capable of digital processing, equipped with an STQ element and sensing one or two SET elements” and; “CDS Command Follower", integrated with TSD control.
- CDS with CVC control Electronic set complying with "CDS with digital processing capability, and two-element sensing SET”; and "CDS with digital processing capability, equipped with of an STQ element and sensing one or two SET elements ", integrated with CVC 80 control, where a single digital processing element (microcontroller or DSP) defines the action variables D D if cyclic ratio of the valve (s) regulator (s) 40 of capillary element restriction 50 (see Figure 8).
- a single digital processing element microcontroller or DSP
- CDS integrated with command follower CVC Electronic set according to "CDS command follower", integrated with CVC 80 control, with two command signal following circuits, translating them into cyclic ratio values D D is the cyclic ratio of capillary element restriction 50 regulating valve (s) 40. It can be built to be coupled or not to the compressor.
- a refrigerator consisting of a compressor with at least two suctions, the refrigerator having at least two evaporators, a condenser, at least one temperature sensor located in one of the compartments to be cooled, having capillaries connected to each one of the evaporators, and at least one suction flow control valve, an electronic control operably connected to the compressor and the suction control valve capable of at least detecting the compressor loading point by a process which may be by observing the input current or by observing the lag between the current and voltage applied to the compressor motor, and by controlling the opening or closing state of the suction valve, the compressor having its operating state switched on.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11817207.1A EP2650624B1 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Methods for controlling double-suction line compressors for refrigeration systems |
BR112013016614A BR112013016614A2 (pt) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | métodos de controle de compressor com dupla sucção para sistemas de refrigeração |
KR1020137015823A KR20130142162A (ko) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | 냉장 시스템을 위한 이중-흡입 라인 압축기를 제어하기 위한 방법 |
US13/993,003 US10317110B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Methods for controlling a compressor with double suction for refrigeration systems |
JP2013542315A JP5856182B2 (ja) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | 冷却システムのための二重吸込機能を有する圧縮機を制御する方法 |
SG2013044805A SG191100A1 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Methods for controlling double-suction line compressors for refrigeration systems |
CN201180067328.XA CN103348202B (zh) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | 控制用于制冷系统的双吸气压缩机的方法 |
ES11817207.1T ES2693268T3 (es) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Procedimientos para el control de un compresor con doble aspiración para sistemas de refrigeración |
US15/242,877 US10337768B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2016-08-22 | Methods for controlling a compressor with double suction for refrigeration systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI1005090-6A BRPI1005090A2 (pt) | 2010-12-10 | 2010-12-10 | mÉtodos de controle de compressor com dupla sucÇço para sistemas de refrigeraÇço |
BRPI1005090-6 | 2010-12-10 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/993,003 A-371-Of-International US10317110B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Methods for controlling a compressor with double suction for refrigeration systems |
US15/242,877 Division US10337768B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2016-08-22 | Methods for controlling a compressor with double suction for refrigeration systems |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012075555A2 true WO2012075555A2 (pt) | 2012-06-14 |
WO2012075555A3 WO2012075555A3 (pt) | 2012-09-20 |
WO2012075555A8 WO2012075555A8 (pt) | 2013-07-25 |
Family
ID=45569511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2011/000455 WO2012075555A2 (pt) | 2010-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Métodos de controle de compressor com dupla sucção para sistemas de refrigeração |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10317110B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP2650624B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP5856182B2 (pt) |
KR (1) | KR20130142162A (pt) |
CN (1) | CN103348202B (pt) |
BR (2) | BRPI1005090A2 (pt) |
ES (1) | ES2693268T3 (pt) |
SG (1) | SG191100A1 (pt) |
TR (1) | TR201815593T4 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2012075555A2 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9335084B2 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2016-05-10 | Whirlpool S.A. | Cooling system of a refrigerator and suction system for a compressor fluid |
US9605884B2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2017-03-28 | Whirlpool Corporation | Multiple evaporator control using PWM valve/compressor |
US9970698B2 (en) | 2011-10-24 | 2018-05-15 | Whirlpool Corporation | Multiple evaporator control using PWM valve/compressor |
US20150013367A1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-01-15 | Magna E-Car Systems Of America, Inc. | Vehicle cooling with adjustable flow expansion valve |
US20170094585A1 (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2017-03-30 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for supporting small cell discovery in wireless communication system |
BR102015006163A2 (pt) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-10-18 | Whirlpool Sa | compressor alternativo incluindo filtro acústico de sucção |
DE102016203895A1 (de) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-14 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Kältegerät mit einem Gefrierfach und einem Kältemittelkreis und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kältegeräts |
BR102016024765B1 (pt) * | 2016-10-24 | 2023-10-10 | Embraco Indústria De Compressores E Soluções Em Refrigeração Ltda | Sistema e método de alimentação elétrica e controle eletrônico de um compressor de capacidade variável incorporado a um refrigerador |
BR102018011553A2 (pt) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-10 | Embraco Ind De Compressores E Solucoes Em Refrigeracao Ltda | método e sistema de controle de um sistema de refrigeração e equipamento de refrigeração |
CN109883104A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-06-14 | 青岛海尔特种制冷电器有限公司 | 冰箱及其控制方法 |
CN110411059B (zh) * | 2019-08-28 | 2024-01-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种双蒸发温度热泵系统、空调器及控制方法 |
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US5867995A (en) | 1995-07-14 | 1999-02-09 | Energy Controls International, Inc. | Electronic control of refrigeration systems |
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US4309876A (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1982-01-12 | Carrier Corporation | Method and apparatus for satisfying heating and cooling demands and control therefor |
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JP2000055489A (ja) * | 1998-08-05 | 2000-02-25 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷凍・冷蔵装置 |
JP4300712B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-15 | 2009-07-22 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷蔵庫 |
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-
2010
- 2010-12-10 BR BRPI1005090-6A patent/BRPI1005090A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-12-09 ES ES11817207.1T patent/ES2693268T3/es active Active
- 2011-12-09 JP JP2013542315A patent/JP5856182B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-09 KR KR1020137015823A patent/KR20130142162A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-12-09 CN CN201180067328.XA patent/CN103348202B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-09 WO PCT/BR2011/000455 patent/WO2012075555A2/pt active Application Filing
- 2011-12-09 US US13/993,003 patent/US10317110B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-12-09 TR TR2018/15593T patent/TR201815593T4/tr unknown
- 2011-12-09 EP EP11817207.1A patent/EP2650624B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-09 BR BR112013016614A patent/BR112013016614A2/pt active Search and Examination
- 2011-12-09 SG SG2013044805A patent/SG191100A1/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-08-22 US US15/242,877 patent/US10337768B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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US2158542A (en) | 1931-08-31 | 1939-05-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
US5184473A (en) | 1992-02-10 | 1993-02-09 | General Electric Company | Pressure controlled switching valve for refrigeration system |
US5867995A (en) | 1995-07-14 | 1999-02-09 | Energy Controls International, Inc. | Electronic control of refrigeration systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112013016614A2 (pt) | 2016-09-27 |
US10317110B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
CN103348202B (zh) | 2016-02-03 |
CN103348202A (zh) | 2013-10-09 |
EP2650624B1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
US20140023524A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
ES2693268T3 (es) | 2018-12-10 |
WO2012075555A3 (pt) | 2012-09-20 |
EP2650624A2 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
KR20130142162A (ko) | 2013-12-27 |
SG191100A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
US10337768B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
TR201815593T4 (tr) | 2018-11-21 |
US20170045271A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
WO2012075555A8 (pt) | 2013-07-25 |
JP5856182B2 (ja) | 2016-02-09 |
JP2013545073A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
BRPI1005090A2 (pt) | 2013-04-02 |
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