WO2012067471A2 - Environmentally friendly multilayer film - Google Patents

Environmentally friendly multilayer film Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012067471A2
WO2012067471A2 PCT/KR2011/008877 KR2011008877W WO2012067471A2 WO 2012067471 A2 WO2012067471 A2 WO 2012067471A2 KR 2011008877 W KR2011008877 W KR 2011008877W WO 2012067471 A2 WO2012067471 A2 WO 2012067471A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resin layer
multilayer film
film
aliphatic polycarbonate
resin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2011/008877
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2012067471A3 (en
Inventor
Deuk-Young Lee
Sang Il Kim
Original Assignee
Skc Co., Ltd.
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Publication of WO2012067471A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012067471A2/en
Publication of WO2012067471A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012067471A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/716—Degradable
    • B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/746—Slipping, anti-blocking, low friction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00—Polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/14—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a particulate layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an environmentally friendly multilayer film having improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability, useful as wrapping material.
  • plastic films such as cellophane, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), nylon and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films have been widely employed for packaging.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • aliphatic polycarbonates which is derived from carbon dioxide.
  • PC aliphatic polycarbonates
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • aliphatic polycarbonate films exhibit unsatisfactory thermal resistance and poor processability, e.g., blocking each other during the process. Therefore, there is a need for developing a novel film which can solve the problems of conventional films.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly film having improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability, useful as wrapping material.
  • a multilayer film composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer.
  • the present invention provides wrapping material comprising the multilayer film.
  • the inventive multilayer film exhibits improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability so that the film can be used for various purposes such as environmentally friendly wrapping material.
  • the multilayer film of the present invention is characterized in that the film is composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer.
  • the first resin layer in the inventive film is composed of aliphatic polycarbonate or may be composed of a polymer blend of aliphatic polycarbonate and other biodegradable polymers.
  • the aliphatic polycarbonate of the first resin layer may be prepared by copolymerization of carbon dioxide and an epoxide compound, the epoxide compound being selected from the group consisting of an alkylene oxide, a cycloalkene oxide and a mixture thereof.
  • catalysts for the copolymerization include Zn precursors such as diethyl zinc (US Patent No. 3,585,168), and coordination complexes containing onium salts (Korean Patent No. 10-0853358).
  • Examples of the epoxide compound include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butene oxide, pentene oxide, hexene oxide, octene oxide, decene oxide, dodecene oxide, tetradecene oxide, hexadecene oxide, octadecene oxide, butadiene monooxide, 1 ,2-epoxide-7-octene, cyclopentene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, cyclooctene oxide, cyclododecene oxide, 2,3 -epoxide norbornene, limonene oxide, and a mixture thereof.
  • the copolymerization process may be conducted under CO 2 pressure of 1 to 100 atm, preferably 5 to 30 atm. Further, the copolymerization may proceed at a temperature of 20 °C to 120 °C, preferably 50 °C to 90 °C.
  • the copolymerization process may be conducted through a batch or semibatch process, or a continuous process.
  • the reaction time for copolymerization may be 1 to 24 hours, preferably 1.5 to 4 hours.
  • the average retention time of catalysts is preferably 1.5 to 4 hours.
  • the examples of the aliphatic polycarbonate include polyethylene carbonate, polypropylene carbonate, and a polymer blend thereof.
  • the aliphatic polycarbonate used in the inventive film preferably has a number-average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 50,000 to 1,000,000, wherein the Mn is measured by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene having a uniform distribution of molecular weight as a standard material for calibration.
  • Mn number-average molecular weight
  • Aromatic polycarbonates are very dangerous even in the preparation process because toxic bisphenol-A and phosgene are used as starting materials. In contrast, aliphatic polycarbonates prepared by using carbon dioxide are very safe and they can contribute to reduction of carbon dioxide emission. Further, aromatic polycarbonates are hardly decomposed in soil when disposed and they generate toxic pollutants when incinerated. However, aliphatic polycarbonates can be degraded into carbon dioxide and water by incineration.
  • the first resin layer in the inventive film may further comprise other additives such as electrostatic generator, anti-static agent, anti-oxidant, heat stabilizer, compatibilizer, UV blocking agent, anti-blocking agent and inorganic lubricant to the extent they do not adversely affect the film properties.
  • the second resin layer in the inventive film is composed of a biodegradable polymer or may be composed of a polymer blend of biodegradable polymers.
  • biodegradable polymer used in the first and the second resin layers examples include aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid, polylactic acid copolymers, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyglycolic acid, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate and poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate) (PBAS); cellulose-based polymers; polyhydroxyalkylates; poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT); poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBST); and a polymer blend thereof.
  • the biodegradable polymer preferably has a melting temperature of 60 °C or more.
  • the second resin layer comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 ⁇ in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer in order to improve the blocking resistance of the layer.
  • the second resin layer in the inventive film may further comprise other additives such as electrostatic generator, anti-static agent, anti-oxidant, heat stabilizer, compatibilizer, UV blocking agent, anti-blocking agent and inorganic lubricant to the extent they do not adversely affect the film properties.
  • additives such as electrostatic generator, anti-static agent, anti-oxidant, heat stabilizer, compatibilizer, UV blocking agent, anti-blocking agent and inorganic lubricant to the extent they do not adversely affect the film properties.
  • the multilayer film of the present invention can be prepared by the steps comprising melt-extruding a first resin and a second resin by coextrusion process to obtain a two- or three-layer laminate and then drawing the laminate uniaxially or biaxially, followed by heat-setting.
  • the laminate may be drawn in both the longitudinal and the transverse directions to obtain a biaxially oriented film or may be drawn in one of the longitudinal and the transverse directions to obtain a uniaxially oriented film.
  • the laminate is drawn at a total draw ratio ranging from 3 to 25.
  • the second resin is prepared to comprise inert inorganic particles.
  • the second resin is prepared by mixing the second resin with masterbatch chips composed of the second resin and inert inorganic particles.
  • the masterbatch chips may be prepared by compounding process. The use of masterbatch chips helps to obtain homogeneous polymer dispersion of inert inorganic particles, which gives blocking resistance to the film.
  • the inventive film may have a total thickness of 6 to 500 ⁇ , and the thickness ratio of the first resin layer to the second resin layer may range from 0.1 : 1 to 30: 1.
  • the inventive film has a frictional coefficient of 1.0 or less so that the film exhibits an improved blocking resistance.
  • the inventive film preferably exhibits a heat-shrinkage of 10% or less when treated with hot air at 90 °C for 5 min so that the film is not deformed during the process.
  • the inventive film preferably exhibits a haze of 10 % or less, which is appropriate for various wrapping uses.
  • the inventive film can be used as wrapping material.
  • the multilayer film of the present invention prepared by laminating a biodegradable polymer layer containing inorganic particles on one or both sides of an aliphatic polycarbonate layer, can improve the thermal resistance and blocking resistance of the aliphatic polycarbonate layer and exhibit good transparency so that the film can be used for various purposes such as environmentally friendly wrapping material.
  • compositions and processes for preparing films according to the present invention and conventional process are summarized in Table 1.
  • PPC resin was used as a first resin.
  • Masterbatch chips which are composed of PLA resin and silicon dioxide particles having an average size of 2 ⁇ at a weight ratio of 98 : 2, were prepared by compounding.
  • the masterbatch chips are mixed with PLA resin in a weight ratio of 95 : 5 to obtain a second resin containing silicon dioxide particles in an amount of 0.1 wt%.
  • the second resin was dried with a hot air dryer at 110 °C for 3 hours to remove water therein.
  • the first and the second resins were melt-extruded by coextrusion process using extruders, wherein the melt-extrusion temperatures of the first resin and the second resin were 190°C and 220°C, respectively.
  • the extrudates were combined in a feed block so as to form a three layer laminate having a structure of second resin layer / first resin layer / second resin layer.
  • the laminate was drawn at a draw ratio of 3.5 in the longitudinal direction at 75 °C and then drawn at a draw ratio of 4.0 in the transverse direction at 80 °C, followed by heat-setting at 120 °C to obtain a three-layer film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ .
  • the total weight of the second resin layers was 20% of the weight of the film. Examples 2 and 3: Preparation of two- or three-layer film
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the resins and the detailed process conditions were employed as described in Table 1, to obtain a two- or three-layer film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ .
  • Comparative Example 1 Preparation of single-layer film The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the resins and the detailed process conditions were employed as described in Table 1, to obtain a single-layer film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ .
  • a film sample was cut into 200mm (length) x 15mm (width) pieces, maintained at 90 °C in a water bath for 5 min, and the length of the pieces were measured. Using the following equation, the degree of shrinkage in each of the longitudinal and the transverse directions were calculated:
  • Heat shrinkage (%) [ ( length before heat treatment - length after heat treatment ) / length before heat treatment ] x 100 (2) Haze
  • the haze of a film sample was measured according to ASTM D1003 by using a hazemeter (SEP-H, Nihon Semitsu Kogaku Co., Ltd.).
  • the frictional coefficient was determined as follows: a film sample was cut into a 15 mm (length) x 15 mm (width) piece. 150 g of a clapper was put on the two pieces piled up and subjected to slip with the speed of 20 mm/min. The dynamic frictional coefficient was calculated by dividing the force generated at the sli with the force perpendicular to the frictional face.
  • the inventive films obtained in Examples 1 to 3 exhibited a lower heat- shrinkage, a lower frictional coefficient and a lower haze than the conventional film obtained in Comparative Example 1. Accordingly, blocking resistance, thermal resistance, and transparency of the inventive film were adequate for use as environmentally friendly wrapping material.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)

Abstract

An environmentally friendly multilayer film composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 ¥ in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer, has an improved properties in terms of thermal resistance, blocking resistance, transparency and biodegradability so that the film can be used for various purposes such as environmentally friendly wrapping material.

Description

ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY MULTILAYER FILM
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an environmentally friendly multilayer film having improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability, useful as wrapping material.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventional plastic films such as cellophane, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), nylon and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films have been widely employed for packaging.
However, they are not completely satisfactory in terms of their performance characteristics. For example, cellophane and polyvinyl chloride films generate toxic pollutants during the manufacturing and incinerating processes, and polyethylene films have been employed only for low-grade packaging materials due to their relatively poor heat-resistance and mechanical properties. Polypropylene, nylon and polyethylene terephthalate films, on the other hand, have satisfactory mechanical properties, but the biodegradability of these films is very poor and they accumulate in the soil when disposed, which shortens landfill life and causes soil pollution.
In order to solve such problems, there have been employed environmentally friendly polymers such as aliphatic polycarbonates (PC) which is derived from carbon dioxide. However, aliphatic polycarbonates have a low glass transition temperature (Tg) and a sticky property so that aliphatic polycarbonate films exhibit unsatisfactory thermal resistance and poor processability, e.g., blocking each other during the process. Therefore, there is a need for developing a novel film which can solve the problems of conventional films.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an environmentally friendly film having improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability, useful as wrapping material.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multilayer film composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 μιη in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer.
Further, the present invention provides wrapping material comprising the multilayer film.
The inventive multilayer film exhibits improved properties in terms of blocking resistance, thermal resistance, transparency and biodegradability so that the film can be used for various purposes such as environmentally friendly wrapping material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The multilayer film of the present invention is characterized in that the film is composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 μηι in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer. The first resin layer in the inventive film is composed of aliphatic polycarbonate or may be composed of a polymer blend of aliphatic polycarbonate and other biodegradable polymers.
The aliphatic polycarbonate of the first resin layer may be prepared by copolymerization of carbon dioxide and an epoxide compound, the epoxide compound being selected from the group consisting of an alkylene oxide, a cycloalkene oxide and a mixture thereof. Examples of catalysts for the copolymerization include Zn precursors such as diethyl zinc (US Patent No. 3,585,168), and coordination complexes containing onium salts (Korean Patent No. 10-0853358).
Examples of the epoxide compound include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butene oxide, pentene oxide, hexene oxide, octene oxide, decene oxide, dodecene oxide, tetradecene oxide, hexadecene oxide, octadecene oxide, butadiene monooxide, 1 ,2-epoxide-7-octene, cyclopentene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, cyclooctene oxide, cyclododecene oxide, 2,3 -epoxide norbornene, limonene oxide, and a mixture thereof.
The copolymerization process may be conducted under CO2 pressure of 1 to 100 atm, preferably 5 to 30 atm. Further, the copolymerization may proceed at a temperature of 20 °C to 120 °C, preferably 50 °C to 90 °C.
The copolymerization process may be conducted through a batch or semibatch process, or a continuous process. In case of batch or semibatch process, the reaction time for copolymerization may be 1 to 24 hours, preferably 1.5 to 4 hours. In case of continuous process, the average retention time of catalysts is preferably 1.5 to 4 hours. The examples of the aliphatic polycarbonate include polyethylene carbonate, polypropylene carbonate, and a polymer blend thereof.
The aliphatic polycarbonate used in the inventive film preferably has a number-average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 50,000 to 1,000,000, wherein the Mn is measured by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene having a uniform distribution of molecular weight as a standard material for calibration.
Aromatic polycarbonates are very dangerous even in the preparation process because toxic bisphenol-A and phosgene are used as starting materials. In contrast, aliphatic polycarbonates prepared by using carbon dioxide are very safe and they can contribute to reduction of carbon dioxide emission. Further, aromatic polycarbonates are hardly decomposed in soil when disposed and they generate toxic pollutants when incinerated. However, aliphatic polycarbonates can be degraded into carbon dioxide and water by incineration.
The first resin layer in the inventive film may further comprise other additives such as electrostatic generator, anti-static agent, anti-oxidant, heat stabilizer, compatibilizer, UV blocking agent, anti-blocking agent and inorganic lubricant to the extent they do not adversely affect the film properties. The second resin layer in the inventive film is composed of a biodegradable polymer or may be composed of a polymer blend of biodegradable polymers.
Examples of the biodegradable polymer used in the first and the second resin layers include aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid, polylactic acid copolymers, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyglycolic acid, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate and poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate) (PBAS); cellulose-based polymers; polyhydroxyalkylates; poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT); poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBST); and a polymer blend thereof. The biodegradable polymer preferably has a melting temperature of 60 °C or more.
The second resin layer comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 μπι in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer in order to improve the blocking resistance of the layer.
The second resin layer in the inventive film may further comprise other additives such as electrostatic generator, anti-static agent, anti-oxidant, heat stabilizer, compatibilizer, UV blocking agent, anti-blocking agent and inorganic lubricant to the extent they do not adversely affect the film properties.
The multilayer film of the present invention can be prepared by the steps comprising melt-extruding a first resin and a second resin by coextrusion process to obtain a two- or three-layer laminate and then drawing the laminate uniaxially or biaxially, followed by heat-setting.
In the preparation, the laminate may be drawn in both the longitudinal and the transverse directions to obtain a biaxially oriented film or may be drawn in one of the longitudinal and the transverse directions to obtain a uniaxially oriented film. Preferably, the laminate is drawn at a total draw ratio ranging from 3 to 25.
The second resin is prepared to comprise inert inorganic particles.
Preferably, the second resin is prepared by mixing the second resin with masterbatch chips composed of the second resin and inert inorganic particles. The masterbatch chips may be prepared by compounding process. The use of masterbatch chips helps to obtain homogeneous polymer dispersion of inert inorganic particles, which gives blocking resistance to the film.
Further, the inventive film may have a total thickness of 6 to 500 μηι, and the thickness ratio of the first resin layer to the second resin layer may range from 0.1 : 1 to 30: 1. Preferably, the inventive film has a frictional coefficient of 1.0 or less so that the film exhibits an improved blocking resistance. Further, the inventive film preferably exhibits a heat-shrinkage of 10% or less when treated with hot air at 90 °C for 5 min so that the film is not deformed during the process. Further, the inventive film preferably exhibits a haze of 10 % or less, which is appropriate for various wrapping uses.
Accordingly, the inventive film can be used as wrapping material. As stated above, the multilayer film of the present invention prepared by laminating a biodegradable polymer layer containing inorganic particles on one or both sides of an aliphatic polycarbonate layer, can improve the thermal resistance and blocking resistance of the aliphatic polycarbonate layer and exhibit good transparency so that the film can be used for various purposes such as environmentally friendly wrapping material.
Hereinafter, the present invention is described more specifically by the following examples but these are provided only for illustrations and the present invention is not limited thereto.
The compositions and processes for preparing films according to the present invention and conventional process are summarized in Table 1.
In the examples, the following polymers were used:
- PPC (polypropylene carbonate) resin - PPC prepared by alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide, QPAC40, Empower Materials Inc.;
- PLA (poly lactic acid) resin - 4032D, Nature Works LLC; and - PEC (polyethylene carbonate) resin - PEC prepared by alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and ethylene oxide, QPAC25, Empower Materials Inc. Example 1: Preparation of three-layer film
PPC resin was used as a first resin. Masterbatch chips which are composed of PLA resin and silicon dioxide particles having an average size of 2 μηι at a weight ratio of 98 : 2, were prepared by compounding. The masterbatch chips are mixed with PLA resin in a weight ratio of 95 : 5 to obtain a second resin containing silicon dioxide particles in an amount of 0.1 wt%. The second resin was dried with a hot air dryer at 110 °C for 3 hours to remove water therein.
The first and the second resins were melt-extruded by coextrusion process using extruders, wherein the melt-extrusion temperatures of the first resin and the second resin were 190°C and 220°C, respectively. The extrudates were combined in a feed block so as to form a three layer laminate having a structure of second resin layer / first resin layer / second resin layer.
The laminate was drawn at a draw ratio of 3.5 in the longitudinal direction at 75 °C and then drawn at a draw ratio of 4.0 in the transverse direction at 80 °C, followed by heat-setting at 120 °C to obtain a three-layer film having a thickness of 25μιη. The total weight of the second resin layers was 20% of the weight of the film. Examples 2 and 3: Preparation of two- or three-layer film
The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the resins and the detailed process conditions were employed as described in Table 1, to obtain a two- or three-layer film having a thickness of 25μηι.
Comparative Example 1: Preparation of single-layer film The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the resins and the detailed process conditions were employed as described in Table 1, to obtain a single-layer film having a thickness of 25μπι.
The films obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were evaluated for the following properties. The results are shown in Table 1.
(1) Heat-shrinkage
A film sample was cut into 200mm (length) x 15mm (width) pieces, maintained at 90 °C in a water bath for 5 min, and the length of the pieces were measured. Using the following equation, the degree of shrinkage in each of the longitudinal and the transverse directions were calculated:
Heat shrinkage (%) = [ ( length before heat treatment - length after heat treatment ) / length before heat treatment ] x 100 (2) Haze
The haze of a film sample was measured according to ASTM D1003 by using a hazemeter (SEP-H, Nihon Semitsu Kogaku Co., Ltd.).
(3) Frictional coefficient
According to ASTM D1894, the frictional coefficient was determined as follows: a film sample was cut into a 15 mm (length) x 15 mm (width) piece. 150 g of a clapper was put on the two pieces piled up and subjected to slip with the speed of 20 mm/min. The dynamic frictional coefficient was calculated by dividing the force generated at the sli with the force perpendicular to the frictional face.
Table 1
Figure imgf000010_0001
As shown in Table 1, the inventive films obtained in Examples 1 to 3 exhibited a lower heat- shrinkage, a lower frictional coefficient and a lower haze than the conventional film obtained in Comparative Example 1. Accordingly, blocking resistance, thermal resistance, and transparency of the inventive film were adequate for use as environmentally friendly wrapping material.
While the invention has been described with respect to the above specific embodiments, it should be recognized that various modifications and changes may be made to the invention by those skilled in the art which also fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A multilayer film composed of a first resin layer comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, and a second resin layer comprising a biodegradable polymer which is laminated on one or both sides of the first resin layer, wherein the second resin layer further comprises inert inorganic particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 μιη in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt% based on the weight of the second resin layer.
2. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic polycarbonate is prepared by copolymerization of carbon dioxide and an epoxide compound, the epoxide compound being selected from the group consisting of an alkylene oxide, a cycloalkene oxide, and a mixture thereof.
3. The multilayer film of claim 2, wherein the aliphatic polycarbonate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene carbonate, polypropylene carbonate, and a polymer blend thereof.
4. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic polycarbonate has a number-average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 50,000 to 1,000,000.
5. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the biodegradable polymer is selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid, polylactic acid copolymers, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyglycolic acid, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate), cellulose-based polymers, polyhydroxyalkylates, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate), and a polymer blend thereof.
6. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the first resin layer to the second resin layer ranges from 0.1 : 1 to 30: 1.
7. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the film has a thickness ranging from
6 to500 μιτι.
8. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the film has a frictional coefficient of
1.0 or less.
9. The multilayer film of claim 1, wherein the film has a haze of 10% or less.
10. A wrapping material comprising the multilayer film according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/KR2011/008877 2010-11-19 2011-11-21 Environmentally friendly multilayer film WO2012067471A2 (en)

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