WO2012059407A1 - Foam dye composition comprising a monosaccharide or disaccharide - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a composition for dyeing human keratin fibres such as the hair, in foam form, comprising: (a) one or more monosaccharides or disaccharides; (b) one or more alkaline agents; (c) one or more surfactants; (d) one or more oxidizing agents; (e) one or more oxidation dye precursors. The invention also relates to a process for treating human keratin fibres using this composition in foam form, and aerosol or nonaerosol devices that make it possible to generate this foam.

Description

FOAM DYE COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MONOSACCHARIDE OR

DISACCHARIDE

One subject of the present invention is a process for dyeing hair with the aid of a foam using a composition comprising oxidation dye precursors and also a composition in foam form.

Among the methods for dyeing human keratin fibres, such as the hair, mention may be made of oxidation dyeing or permanent dyeing. More particularly, this dyeing method uses one or more oxidation dyes, usually one or more oxidation bases optionally combined with one or more couplers.

In general, oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols and heterocyclic compounds. These oxidation bases are colourless or weakly coloured compounds which, when combined with oxidizing products, can give access to coloured species.

The shades obtained with these oxidation bases are often varied by combining them with one or more couplers, these couplers being chosen especially from aromatic mefa-diamines, mefa-aminophenols, mefa-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds, such as indole compounds.

The variety of molecules used as oxidation bases and couplers allows a wide range of colours to be obtained.

Permanent dyeing processes thus consist in using, with the dye composition, an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. The alkaline agent conventionally used is aqueous ammonia or other alkaline agents, such as alkanolamines.

Dye compositions may take various forms such as lotions, gels, emulsions, creams or foams. Dyeing foams are pleasant to use, however they often exhibit a poor staying power over time. For example, it is possible to observe a rapid disappearance of the foam after application or a non-uniform application along the fibres.

There is a real, constant need to develop oxidation dye compositions in foam form that are easy to prepare and to apply, and which remain sufficiently stable over time while retaining efficient dyeing properties.

This objective and others are achieved by the present invention, one subject of which is thus a composition for dyeing human keratin fibres, such as the hair, in foam form, comprising:

a) at least one monosaccharide or disaccharide;

b) at least one alkaline agent; c) at least one surfactant;

d) at least one oxidizing agent;

e) at least one oxidation dye precursor.

The invention also relates to a process for dyeing human keratin fibres using this composition.

Another subject of the invention is a three-compartment device comprising, in one compartment, a first composition containing one or more surfactant(s), one or more oxidation dye precursor(s), one or more alkaline agent(s), in a second compartment, a second composition containing one or more oxidizing agent(s), and, in a third compartment, a container equipped with an element enabling the composition of the invention resulting from the mixing of the above two compositions to be delivered in the form of a foam, at least one of the first and second compositions comprising one or more monosaccharides or disaccharides.

Another subject of the invention is a device for dyeing keratin fibres, comprising the composition of the invention in liquid form and a foam dispenser for delivering the composition in the form of a foam.

The composition of the invention is in the form of a foam that is particularly pleasant to apply. It has a light and aerated texture, which makes it particularly pleasant to use. The qualities of the foam are sufficiently persistent over time to enable an application of the dyeing product that is uniform and does not run. The composition of the invention makes it possible to retain dyeing properties, such as strength of the colour, resistance to external agents (shampooing, perspiration, light) and selectivity, which are particularly efficient.

Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and the examples that follow.

In the text hereinbelow, unless otherwise indicated, the limits of a range of values are included in that range. The term "at least one" associated with an ingredient of the composition signifies "one or more".

The human keratin fibres treated via the process according to the invention are preferably the hair.

The composition of the invention comprises at least one monosaccharide or disaccharide. The monosaccharides of the invention may be of two types: aldoses and ketoses.

The monosaccharides of the invention preferably have from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and better still from 5 to 6 carbon atoms.

The monosaccharides are preferably chosen from ribulose, xylulose, psicose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose and talose, better still from fructose, xylose, glucose, galactose and mannose.

Preferably, the monosaccharides of the invention are in D form.

The disaccharides are the product that results from joining 2 monosaccharides via a covalent bond known as a glucosidic bond.

The disaccharides of the invention preferably have from 10 to 16 carbon atoms and better still from 10 to 12 carbon atoms.

The disaccharides are preferably chosen from sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, lactose, cellobiose, maltose, isomaltulose and lactulose, better still from lactose and sucrose.

Preferably, the monosaccharides or disaccharides are chosen from fructose, xylose, glucose, galactose, mannose, lactose and sucrose, better still from glucose or sucrose.

By way of example, mention may be made of powdered sucrose (or saccharose) such as Sucrose Ultra Pure Grade or the sucrose named Organic Evaporated Cane Juice or Sucre Crystal Numero 1 Pure Cane 1500 or Golden Sugar 500 sucrose.

The monosaccharides or disaccharides are present in the composition in an amount ranging preferably from 0.01 % to 10%, better still from 0.1 % to 5% and even better still from 0.2% to 2%, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition comprises at least one alkaline agent. This agent may be chosen from mineral or organic or hybrid alkaline agents, or mixtures thereof.

The mineral alkaline agent(s) are preferably chosen from aqueous ammonia, alkali metal carbonates or bicarbonates such as sodium or potassium carbonates and sodium or potassium bicarbonates, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof.

The organic alkaline agent(s) are preferably chosen from organic amines with a pK at 25°C of less than 12, preferably less than 10 and even more advantageously less than 6. It should be noted that it is the pK corresponding to the function of highest basicity.

Hybrid compounds that may be mentioned include the salts of the amines mentioned previously with acids such as carbonic acid or hydrochloric acid.

The organic alkaline agent(s) are chosen, for example, from alkanolamines, oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, amino acids and the compounds of formula (I) below:

Rx Rz

W N

Ry ^X R. _(I) in which W is a C C₆ alkylene residue optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group or a C C₆ alkyl radical; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C C₆ alkyl, C C₆ hydroxyalkyi or C C₆ aminoalkyl radical.

Examples of such amines that may be mentioned include 1 ,3-diaminopropane, 1 ,3-diamino-2-propanol, spermine and spermidine.

The term "alkanolamine" means an organic amine comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine function, and one or more linear or branched C C₈ alkyl groups bearing one or more hydroxyl radicals.

Alkanolamines such as monoalkanolamines, dialkanolamines or trialkanolamines comprising from one to three identical or different C C₄ hydroxyalkyi radicals are in particular suitable for performing the invention.

Among compounds of this type, mention may be made of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N- dimethylaminoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, triisopropanolamine, 2- amino-2-methyl-1 ,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1 ,2-propanediol, 3-dimethylamino-1 ,2- propanediol and tris(hydroxymethylamino)methane.

More particularly, the amino acids that may be used are of natural or synthetic origin, in their L, D or racemic form, and comprise at least one acid function chosen more particularly from carboxylic acid, sulphonic acid, phosphonic acid or phosphoric acid functions. The amino acids may be in neutral or ionic form.

As amino acids that may be used in the present invention, mention may be made especially of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline, asparagine, carnitine, cysteine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, N-phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine.

Advantageously, the amino acids are basic amino acids comprising an additional amine function optionally included in a ring or in a ureido function.

Such basic amino acids are preferably chosen from those corresponding to formula (II) below:

in which R denotes a group chosen from:

-(CH₂)₂NH₂ -(CH₂)₂NHCONH₂

-(CH₂)₂NH C— NH₂

NH

The compounds corresponding to formula (II) are histidine, lysine, arginine, ornithine and citrulline.

The organic amine may also be chosen from organic amines of heterocyclic type. Besides histidine that has already been mentioned in the amino acids, mention may be made in particular of pyridine, piperidine, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole and benzimidazole.

The organic amine may also be chosen from amino acid dipeptides. As amino acid dipeptides that may be used in the present invention, mention may be made especially of carnosine, anserine and baleine.

The organic amine is chosen from compounds comprising a guanidine function. As amines of this type that may be used in the present invention, besides arginine, which has already been mentioned as an amino acid, mention may be made especially of creatine, creatinine, 1 , 1-dimethylguanidine, 1 , 1-diethylguanidine, glycocyamine, metformin, agmatine, N-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 4- guanidinobutyric acid and 2-([amino(imino)methyl]amino)ethane-1-sulphonic acid.

Mention may be made in particular of the use of guanidine carbonate or monoethanolamine hydrochloride as hybrid compounds.

According to one particular embodiment, the composition of the invention comprises, as alkaline agent, one or more alkanolamines.

Preferably, the alkanolamine is monoethanolamine.

In one variant of the invention, the composition of the invention comprises, as alkaline agent, one or more alkanolamines, preferably monoethanolamine, and aqueous ammonia. In this variant, the alkanolamine(s) are present in a predominant amount relative to the aqueous ammonia.

Advantageously, the composition according to the invention has a content of alkaline agent(s) ranging from 0.01 % to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1 % to 20% by weight and better still from 1 % to 10% by weight relative to the weight of said composition.

The composition according to the invention also comprises at least one oxidizing agent.

The oxidizing agents are for example chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, for instance persulphates, perborates, peracids and precursors thereof and percarbonates of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals. Advantageously, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

The content of oxidizing agent(s) more particularly represents from 0.1 % to 20% by weight and preferably from 0.5% to 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.

As indicated previously, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more oxidation dye precursors.

As oxidation dye precursors, use may be made of oxidation bases and couplers.

By way of example, the oxidation bases are chosen from para- phenylenediamines, bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho- aminophenols and heterocyclic bases, and the addition salts thereof.

Among the para-phenylenediamines that may be mentioned, for example, are para-phenylenediamine, para-toluenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3- dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl- para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para- phenylenediamine, Ν,Ν-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para- phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline, N,N-bis^-hydroxyethyl)- para-phenylenediamine, 4-N,N-bis^-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline, 4-N,N- bis^-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline, 2^-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, Ν-(β- hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine, 2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-(ethyl^-hydroxyethyl)-para- phenylenediamine, N-^j-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine, N-(4'- aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-β- hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2^-acetylaminoethyloxy-para- phenylenediamine, N-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, 4- aminophenylpyrrolidine, 2-thienyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2^-hydroxyethylamino-5- aminotoluene, 3-hydroxy-1-(4'-aminophenyl)pyrrolidine, and their addition salts with an acid.

Among the para-phenylenediamines mentioned above, para-phenylenediamine, para-toluenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2^-hydroxyethyl-para- phenylenediamine, 2^--hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para- phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para- phenylenediamine, N,N-bis^-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, 2-chloro-para- phenylenediamine and 2^-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and the addition salts thereof with an acid, are particularly preferred. Among the bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines that may be mentioned, for example, are N,N'-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N'-bis(4'-aminophenyl)-1 ,3-diaminopropanol, N,N'-bis- (β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N'-bis(4'-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(4- aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine, N,N'-bis -hydroxyethyl)-N,N'-bis(4- aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(4- methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(ethyl)-N,N'-bis(4'-amino-3'- methylphenyl)ethylenediamine, 1 ,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane, and the addition salts thereof.

Among the para-aminophenols that may be mentioned, for example, are para- aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol, 4-amino-3- chlorophenol, 4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2- hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2- aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol and 4-amino-2- fluorophenol, and the addition salts thereof with an acid.

Among the o/f/70-aminophenols that may be mentioned, for example, are 2- aminophenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and 5-acetamido-2- aminophenol, and the addition salts thereof.

Among the heterocyclic bases that may be mentioned, for example, are pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.

Among the pyridine derivatives that may be mentioned are the compounds described, for example, in patents GB 1 026 978 and GB 1 153 196, for instance 2,5- diaminopyridine, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine and 3,4- diaminopyridine, and the addition salts thereof.

Other pyridine oxidation bases that are useful in the present invention are the 3- aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridine oxidation bases or the addition salts thereof described, for example, in patent application FR 2 801 308. Examples that may be mentioned include pyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, 2-acetylaminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, 2-morpholin-4-ylpyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, 3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridine-2- carboxylic acid, 2-methoxypyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, (3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrid-7-yl)methanol, 2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-5-yl)ethanol, 2-(3- aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-7-yl)ethanol, (3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-2-yl)methanol, 3,6-diaminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridine, 3,4-diaminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridine, pyrazolo[1 ,5- a]pyridine-3,7-diamine, 7-morpholin-4-ylpyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, pyrazolo[1 ,5- a]pyridine-3,5-diamine, 5-morpholin-4-ylpyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine, 2-[(3- aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-5-yl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol, 2-[(3- aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrid-7-yl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol, 3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5- a]pyridin-5-ol, 3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridin-4-ol, 3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridin-6-ol and 3-aminopyrazolo[1 ,5-a]pyridin-7-ol, and the addition salts thereof. Among the pyrimidine derivatives that may be mentioned are the compounds described, for example, in the patents DE 2359399; JP 88-169571 ; JP 05-63124; EP 0770375 or patent application WO 96/15765, such as 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4- dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine, 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and their addition salts and their tautomeric forms, when a tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives that may be mentioned are the compounds described in the patents DE 3843892, DE 4133957 and patent applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2 733 749 and DE 195 43 988, such as 4,5-diamino- 1-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-^-hydroxyethyl)pyrazole, 3,4-diaminopyrazole, 4,5- diamino-1-(4'-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1 ,3-dimethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino- 3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole, 4-amino-1 ,3- dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole, 1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3- te/f-butyl-1-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-te/f-butyl-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- (β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5- diamino-1-ethyl-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3- hydroxymethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino- 3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-isopropylpyrazole, 4- amino-5-(2'-aminoethyl)amino-1 ,3-dimethylpyrazole, 3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 1-methyl- 3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylaminopyrazole, 3,5-diamino-4- (β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and their addition salts. 4,5-Diamino-1- - methoxyethyl)pyrazole may also be used.

A 4,5-diaminopyrazole will preferably be used, and even more preferentially 4,5- diamino-1-^-hydroxyethyl)pyrazole and/or a salt thereof.

Pyrazole derivatives that may also be mentioned include diamino-N,N- dihydropyrazolopyrazolones and especially those described in patent application FR- A-2 886 136, such as the following compounds and the addition salts thereof: 2,3- diamino-6,7-dihydro-1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-ethylamino-6,7- dihydro-1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-isopropylamino-6,7-dihydro- 1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-6,7-dihydro-1 H,5H- pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 4,5-diamino-1 ,2-dimethyl-1 ,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1 ,2-diethyl-1 ,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1 ,2-di-(2- hydroxyethyl)-1 ,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one, 2-amino-3-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-6,7- dihydro-1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-dimethylamino-6,7-dihydro- 1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 2,3-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 H,6H- pyridazino[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1-one, 4-amino-1 ,2-diethyl-5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1 ,2- dihydropyrazol-3-one, 4-amino-5-(3-dimethylaminopyrrolidin-1-yl)-1 ,2-diethyl-1 ,2- dihydropyrazol-3-one, 2,3-diamino-6-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-1 H,5H-pyrazolo[1 ,2- a]pyrazol-1 -one. Use is preferably made of 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1 H,5H- pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1 -one and/or a salt thereof.

4,5-Diamino-1 -^-hydroxyethyl)pyrazole and/or 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1 H,5H- pyrazolo[1 ,2-a]pyrazol-1 -one and/or a salt thereof will preferentially be used as heterocyclic bases.

Among the couplers that may be used in the composition of the invention, mention may be made especially of mefa-phenylenediamines, mefa-aminophenols, mefa-diphenols, naphthalene-based couplers and heterocyclic couplers, and also the addition salts thereof.

Mention may be made, for example, of 1 ,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1 ,3-dihydroxy-2- methylbenzene, 4-chloro-1 ,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1 -(B- hydroxyethyloxy)benzene, 2-amino-4-(B-hydroxyethylamino)-1 -methoxybenzene, 1 ,3- diaminobenzene, 1 ,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, 3-ureidoaniline, 3-ureido-1 - dimethylaminobenzene, sesamol, 1 -B-hydroxyethylamino-3,4- methylenedioxybenzene, oc-naphthol, 2-methyl-1 -naphthol, 6-hydroxyindole, 4- hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 6- hydroxybenzomorpholine, 3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine, 1 -Ν-(β- hydroxyethyl)amino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, 2,6-bis(B- hydroxyethylamino)toluene, 6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine, 1 -H-3- methylpyrazol-5-one, 1 -phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, 2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1 ,5-b]- 1 ,2,4-triazole, 2,6-dimethyl[3,2-c]-1 ,2,4-triazole and 6-methylpyrazolo[1 ,5- a]benzimidazole, the addition salts thereof with an acid, and mixtures thereof.

The addition salts of the oxidation bases and of the couplers are especially chosen from the addition salts with an acid such as the hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulphonates, phosphates and acetates.

The oxidation base(s) are generally each present in an amount from 0.0001 % to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The coupler(s) each generally represent from 0.0001 % to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may contain synthetic or natural, cationic or nonionic, direct dyes.

Examples of particularly suitable direct dyes that may be mentioned include nitrobenzene dyes; azo direct dyes; azomethine direct dyes; methine direct dyes; azacarbocyanin direct dyes, for instance tetraazacarbocyanins (tetraazapentamethines); quinone and in particular anthraquinone, naphthoquinone or benzoquinone direct dyes; azine direct dyes; xanthene direct dyes; triarylmethane direct dyes; indoamine direct dyes; indigoid direct dyes; phthalocyanine direct dyes, porphyrin direct dyes and natural direct dyes, alone or as mixtures. In particular, mention may be made of direct dyes from among: azo; methine; carbonyl; azine; nitro (hetero)aryl; tri(hetero)arylmethane; porphyrin; phthalocyanine and natural direct dyes, alone or as mixtures.

When they are present, the direct dye(s) more particularly represent from 0.0001 % to 10% by weight and preferably from 0.005% to 5% by weight of the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention comprises one or more surfactants.

The surfactant(s) may be cationic, amphoteric, nonionic and/or anionic surfactants. The surfactants of use in the composition of the invention are surfactants known per se in the field of dyeing keratin fibres.

The amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) that can be used in the present invention may especially be optionally quaternized secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives, in which the aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, said amine derivatives containing at least one anionic group such as, for example, a carboxylate, sulphonate, sulphate, phosphate or phosphonate group. In particular, mention may be made of (C₈-C₂o)alkylbetaines, sulphobetaines, (C₈-C₂o alkyl)amido(C₃-C₈ alkyl)betaines or (C₈-C₂o alkyl)amido(C₆-C₈ alkyl)sulphobetaines. Among the optionally quaternized secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives that can be used, as defined above, mention may also be made of the compounds having the respective structures (III) and (ΙΙΓ) below: Ra-CONHCH₂CH₂- N⁺(Rb)(Rc)(CH₂COO^") (III) in which:

Ra represents a Ci₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an acid

Ra-COOH, preferably present in hydrolysed coconut oil, represents a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group,

Rb represents a β-hydroxyethyl group, and

Rc represents a carboxymethyl group; and

Ra'-CONHCH₂CH₂-N(B)(B') (III') in which:

B represents -CH₂CH₂OX', Β' represents -(CH₂)_Z-Y', with z = 1 or 2,

X' represents the group -CH₂-COOH, CH₂-COOZ', -CH₂CH₂-COOH, -CH₂CH₂- COOZ', or a hydrogen atom,

Y' represents -COOH, -COOZ', the group -CH₂-CHOH-S0₃H or -CH₂-CHOH- S0₃Z\

Z' represents an ion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine,

Ra' represents a Ci₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid Ra'-COOH preferably present in hydrolysed coconut oil or in hydrolysed linseed oil, an alkyl group, especially a C17 alkyl group, and its iso form, or an unsaturated Ci₇ group.

These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodium capryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid and cocoamphodipropionic acid.

By way of example, mention may be made of the cocoamphodiacetate sold by the company Rhodia under the trade name Miranol^® C2M Concentrate.

Among the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants mentioned above, use is preferably made of betaines comprising at least one saturated or unsaturated, C₈-C₃₀ fatty chain, and in particular the compounds of formula (A):

Rr(CONH)_x-A N⁺(R₂)(R₃)-A₂-Z (A)

with

x denoting 0 or 1 ,

A and A₂ denoting, independently of one another, a linear or branched C Ci₀ alkylene radical optionally substituted with a hydroxyl radical,

denoting a linear or branched C6"C₃o alkyl or alkenyl radical,

R₂ and R₃ denoting, independently of one another, a linear or branched C C₄ alkyl radical,

Z denoting a C0₂ ^" group or an S0₃ ^" group.

Preferably, R₂ and R₃ denote a methyl radical.

The amphoteric surfactant(s) of betaine type used in the cosmetic composition according to the present invention may especially be (C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines, (C₈- C₂₀)alkylsulphobetaines, (C₈-C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₂-C₈ alkyl)betaines or (C₈-C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₆-C₈ alkyl)sulphobetaines.

Among the amphoteric surfactants mentioned above, use is preferably made of (C₈-C₂₀ alkyl)betaines and (C₈-C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₂-C₈ alkyl)betaines, and mixtures thereof. More particularly, the amphoteric surfactants of betaine type are selected from cocobetaine and cocamidopropylbetaine.

The term "anionic surfactant" means a surfactant comprising, as ionic or ionizable groups, only anionic groups. These anionic groups are preferably chosen from the following groups: C0₂H, C0₂ ^", S0₃H, S0₃ ^", OS0₃H, OS0₃ ^", H₂P0₃, HP0₃ ^", P0₃ ^2", H₂P0₂, HP0₂, HP0₂ ^", P0₂ ^", POH, PO^".

As examples of anionic surfactants that may be used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkylamido ether sulphates, alkylaryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkylamide sulphonates, alkylaryl sulphonates, alpha- olefin sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates, alkyl sulphosuccinates, alkyl ether sulphosuccinates, alkylamide sulphosuccinates, alkyl sulphoacetates, acyl sarcosinates, acyl glutamates, alkyl sulphosuccinamates, acyl isethionates and N- acyltaurates, salts of alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids, acyl lactylates, D-galactoside-uronic acid salts, alkyl ether carboxylic acid salts, alkylaryl ether carboxylic acid salts, alkylamido ether carboxylic acid salts; and the corresponding non-salified forms of all these compounds; the alkyl and acyl groups of all these compounds comprising from 6 to 24 carbon atoms and the aryl group denoting a phenyl group.

These compounds may be oxyethylenated and then preferably comprise from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

The salts of C6-C24 alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids may be chosen from C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside citrates, C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside tartrates and C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside sulphosuccinates.

When the anionic surfactant(s) are in salt form, they may be chosen from alkali metal salts such as the sodium or potassium salt and preferably the sodium salt, the ammonium salts, the amine salts and in particular the amino alcohol salts or the alkaline-earth metal salts such as the magnesium salt.

Examples of amino alcohol salts that may especially be mentioned include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine salts, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine or triisopropanolamine salts, 2-amino-2- methyl-1-propanol salts, 2-amino-2-methyl-1 ,3-propanediol salts and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane salts.

Alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and in particular the sodium or magnesium salts are preferably used.

Among the anionic surfactants, it is preferred, according to the invention, to use alkyl sulphate salts and alkyl ether sulphate salts and mixtures thereof. The term "cationic surfactant" means a surfactant that is positively charged when it is contained in the composition according to the invention. This surfactant may bear one or more positive permanent charges or may contain one or more functions that are cationizable in the composition according to the invention.

The cationic surfactant(s) that may be used as conditioning agents according to the present invention are preferably selected from optionally polyoxyalkylenated primary, secondary or tertiary fatty amines, or the salts thereof, quaternary ammonium salts, and mixtures thereof.

The fatty amines generally comprise at least one C₈-C₃₀ hydrocarbon-based chain. Among the fatty amines that may be used according to the invention, examples that may be mentioned include stearylamidopropyldimethylamine and distearylamine.

Examples of quaternary ammonium salts that may especially be mentioned include:

- e general formula (IV) below:

(IV)

in which the groups R₈ to Rn , which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched aliphatic group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic group such as an aryl or an alkylaryl group, at least one of the groups R₈ to Ri i denoting a group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms. The aliphatic groups may comprise heteroatoms such as, in particular, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and halogens. The aliphatic groups are selected, for example, from CrC₃₀ alkyl, CrC₃₀ alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene (C₂-C₆), CrC₃₀ alkylamide, (Ci₂-C22)alkylamido(C2-C₆)alkyl, (Ci₂-C₂2)alkyl acetate, and C C₃₀ hydroxyalkyl groups; X^" is an anion selected from the group of halides, phosphates, acetates, lactates, (C C₄)alkyl sulphates, (C C₄)alkyl sulphonates or (C C₄)alkylaryl sulphonates.

Among the quaternary ammonium salts of formula (IV), those that are preferred are, on the one hand, tetraalkylammonium salts, for instance dialkyldimethylammonium or alkyltrimethylammonium salts in which the alkyl group contains approximately from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular behenyltnmethylammonium, distearyldimethylammonium, cetyltnmethylammonium or benzyldimethylstearylammonium salts, or, on the other hand, the palmitylamidopropyltrimethylammonium salt, the stearamidopropyltrimethylammonium salt, the stearamidopropyldimethylcetearylammonium salt, or the stearamidopropyldimethyl(myristyl acetate)ammonium salt sold under the name Ceraphyl® 70 by the company Van Dyk. It is particularly preferred to use the chloride salts of these compounds;

- quaternary ammonium salts of imidazoline, such as, for example, those of formula (V) below:

(V)

in which R₁₂ represents an alkenyl or alkyl group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid derivatives, R₁₃ represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkyl group containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, Ri4 represents a C C₄ alkyl group, R₁₅ represents a hydrogen atom or a C C₄ alkyl group, X^" is an anion selected from the group of halides, phosphates, acetates, lactates, alkyl sulphates, alkyl sulphonates or alkylaryl sulphonates in which the alkyl and aryl groups preferably comprise, respectively, from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and from 6 to 30 carbon atoms. R₁₂ and R₁₃ preferably denote a mixture of alkenyl or alkyl groups containing from 12 to 21 carbon atoms, for example tallow fatty acid derivatives, R₁₄ denotes a methyl group, and R₁₅ denotes a hydrogen atom. Such a product is sold, for example, under the name Rewoquat® W 75 by the company Rewo;

- quaternary diammonium or triammonium salts, in particular of formula (VI):

Rl6 -

in which R₁₆ denotes an alkyl radical containing approximately from 16 to 30 carbon atoms, which is optionally hydroxylated and/or interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, R₁₇ is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a group (Ri6a)(Ri7a)(Ri8a)N-(CH₂)3, R 16a, Rl7a, Rl8a, Rl8, Rl9, R20 and R21 , which are identical or different, are selected from hydrogen or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X^" is an anion selected from the group of halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates and methyl sulphates. Such compounds are, for example, Finquat CT-P, available from the company Finetex (Quaternium 89), and Finquat CT, available from the company Finetex (Quaternium 75),

- quaternary ammonium salts containing at least one ester function, such as those of formula (VII) below:

(VII)

in which:

R₂₂ is selected from C C₆ alkyl groups and C C₆ hydroxyalkyl or dihydroxyalkyl groups;

R₂3 is selected from:

0

- the group ^{' 26}

- groups R₂₇, which are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C C₂₂ hydrocarbon-based groups,

- a hydrogen atom,

R₂₅ is selected from:

0

- the group R₂ ^8 C

- groups R₂₉, which are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C C₆ hydrocarbon-based groups,

- a hydrogen atom,

R₂₄, R₂₆ and R₂₈, which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C₇-C₂i hydrocarbon-based groups;

r, s and t, which may be identical or different, are integers ranging from 2 to 6; r1 and t1 , which may be identical or different, are equal to 0 or 1 ,

and r2+r1 =2r and t1 +t2=2t, y is an integer ranging from 1 to 10;

x and z, which may be identical or different, are integers ranging from 0 to 10; X^" is a simple or complex, organic or inorganic anion, with the proviso that the sum x + y + z is from 1 to 15, that when x is 0, then R₂3 denotes R₂₇ and that when z is 0, then R₂₅ denotes R₂₉.

The alkyl groups R₂₂ may be linear or branched, and more particularly linear. Preferably, R₂₂ denotes a methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or dihydroxypropyl group, and more particularly a methyl or ethyl group.

Advantageously, the sum x + y + z is from 1 to 10.

When R₂₃ is a hydrocarbon-based group R₂₇, it may be long and contain from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, or may be short and contain from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

When R₂₅ is a hydrocarbon-based group R₂₉, it preferably contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

Advantageously, R24, R26 and R₂8, which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C11-C21 hydrocarbon-based groups, and more particularly from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated Cn- C21 alkyl and alkenyl groups.

Preferably, x and z, which may be identical or different, are equal to 0 or 1.

Advantageously, y is equal to 1.

Preferably, r, s and t, which may be identical or different, are equal to 2 or 3, and even more particularly are equal to 2.

The anion X^" is preferably a halide (chloride, bromide or iodide) or an alkyl sulphate, more particularly methyl sulphate. However, methanesulphonate, phosphate, nitrate, tosylate, an anion derived from an organic acid, such as acetate or lactate, or any other anion that is compatible with the ammonium containing an ester function, may be used.

The anion X^" is even more particularly chloride or methyl sulphate.

Use is made more particularly, in the composition according to the invention, of the ammonium salts of formula (VII) in which:

R₂₂ denotes a methyl or ethyl group,

x and y are equal to 1 ;

z is equal to 0 or 1 ;

r, s and t are equal to 2;

R₂₃ is selected from: the group

methyl, ethyl or Ci₄-C₂₂ hydrocarbon-based groups,

a hydrogen atom,

!₂₅ is selected from: 0

- the group ²⁸

- a hydrogen atom,

R₂4, F½ and R₂s, which may be identical or different, are chosen from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C13-C17 hydrocarbon-based groups, and preferably from linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C13-C17 alkyl and alkenyl groups.

The hydrocarbon-based groups are advantageously linear.

Mention may be made, for example, of the compounds of formula (VI) such as the diacyloxyethyldimethylammonium, diacyloxyethylhydroxyethylmethylammonium, monoacyloxyethyldihydroxyethylmethylammonium, triacyloxyethylmethylammonium and monoacyloxyethylhydroxyethyldimethylammonium salts (chloride or methyl sulphate in particular), and mixtures thereof. The acyl groups preferably contain 14 to 18 carbon atoms and are obtained more particularly from a plant oil such as palm oil or sunflower oil. When the compound contains several acyl groups, these groups may be identical or different.

These products are obtained, for example, by direct esterification of triethanolamine, of triisopropanolamine, of an alkyldiethanolamine or of an alkyldiisopropanolamine, which are optionally oxyalkylenated, with Ci₀-C₃₀ fatty acids or with mixtures of Ci₀-C₃₀ fatty acids of plant or animal origin, or by transesterification of the methyl esters thereof. This esterification is followed by a quaternization using an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide (preferably a methyl or ethyl halide), a dialkyl sulphate (preferably a dimethyl or diethyl sulphate), methyl methanesulphonate, methyl para-toluenesulphonate, glycol chlorohydrin or glycerol chlorohydrin.

Such compounds are sold, for example, under the names Dehyquart® by the company Henkel, Stepanquat® by the company Stepan, Noxamium® by the company Ceca or Rewoquat® WE 18 by the company Rewo-Witco.

The composition according to the invention may contain, for example, a mixture of quaternary ammonium monoester, diester and triester salts with a weight majority of diester salts.

It is also possible to use the ammonium salts containing at least one ester function that are described in patents US-A-4 874 554 and US-A-4 137 180.

Use may be made of behenoylhydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride sold by KAO under the name Quatarmin BTC 131.

Preferably, the ammonium salts containing at least one ester function contain two ester functions. Among the quaternary ammonium salts containing at least one ester function, which may be used, it is preferred to use d i palm itoy I ethyl hydroxy- ethylmethylammonium salts.

The nonionic surfactants are more particularly chosen from monooxyalkylenated or polyoxyalkylenated, monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants. The oxyalkylene units are more particularly oxyethylene or oxypropylene units, or a combination thereof, preferably oxyethylene units.

Examples of oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants that may be mentioned include:

· oxyalkylenated (C₈-C₂4)alkylphenols,

• saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C₈-C₃₀ alcohols,

• saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C₈-C₃₀ amides,

• esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C₈-C₃₀ acids and of polyethylene glycols,

· polyoxyethylenated esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C₈-

C₃₀ acids and of sorbitol,

• saturated or unsaturated, oxyethylenated plant oils,

• condensates of ethylene oxide and/or of propylene oxide, inter alia, alone or as mixtures.

The surfactants contain a number of moles of ethylene oxide and/or of propylene oxide of between 1 and 100, preferably between 2 and 50 and preferably between 2 and 30.

In accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants are chosen from oxyethylenated C₈-C₃₀ alcohols comprising from 1 to 100 mol of ethylene oxide; polyoxyethylenated esters of linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C₈-C₃₀ acids and of sorbitol comprising from 1 to 100 mol of ethylene oxide.

As examples of monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants, monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated C₈-C₄₀ alcohols are preferably used.

In particular, the monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated C₈-C₄₀ alcohols correspond to the following formula:

RO-[CH₂-CH(CH₂OH)-0]_m-H

in which R represents a linear or branched C₈-C₄₀ and preferably C₈-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl radical, and m represents a number ranging from 1 to 30 and preferably from 1 to 10.

As examples of compounds that are suitable in the context of the invention, mention may be made of lauryl alcohol containing 4 mol of glycerol (I NCI name: Polyglyceryl-4 Lauryl Ether), lauryl alcohol containing 1.5 mol of glycerol, oleyl alcohol containing 4 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-4 Oleyl Ether), oleyl alcohol containing 2 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-2 Oleyl Ether), cetearyl alcohol containing 2 mol of glycerol, cetearyl alcohol containing 6 mol of glycerol, oleocetyl alcohol containing 6 mol of glycerol, and octadecanol containing 6 mol of glycerol.

The alcohol may represent a mixture of alcohols in the same way that the value of m represents a statistical value, which means that, in a commercial product, several species of polyglycerolated fatty alcohols may coexist in the form of a mixture.

Among the monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated alcohols, it is more particularly preferred to use the C₈/Ci₀ alcohol containing 1 mol of glycerol, the C₁₀/C₁₂ alcohol containing 1 mol of glycerol and the C₁₂ alcohol containing 1.5 mol of glycerol.

As nonionic surfactants, mention may also be made of non-oxyethylenated fatty acid esters of sorbitan, fatty acid esters of sucrose, optionally oxyalkylenated alkylpolyglycosides, alkylglucoside esters, derivatives of N-alkylglucamine and of N- acylmethylglucamine, aldobionamides and amine oxides.

The surfactant(s) are preferably chosen from amphoteric, nonionic and anionic surfactants.

More preferably, the surfactant(s) are chosen from amphoteric and anionic surfactants.

More preferably still, the surfactant(s) are chosen from amphoteric surfactants. According to one particular embodiment, the composition of the invention comprises one or more amphoteric surfactants, one or more nonionic surfactants and one or more anionic surfactants. According to this embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is preferably chosen from oxyethylenated fatty alcohols and saturated or unsaturated, oxyethylenated plant oils. The anionic surfactant is chosen from alkyl sulphates or alkyl ether sulphates.

The total content of surfactants in the composition of the invention is in general from 0.1 % to 30% by weight, preferably from 1 % to 20% by weight and better still from 1 % to 10% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition.

The composition may also contain various adjuvants conventionally used in compositions for dyeing or lightening the hair, such as anionic, cationic or nonionic polymers or mixtures thereof; antioxidants; penetrants; sequestrants; fragrances; dispersants; film-forming agents; ceramides; preserving agents; and opacifiers.

The above adjuvants are generally present in an amount for each of them of between 0.01 % and 20% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more cationic polymers.

The composition according to the invention may comprise water and/or one or more organic solvents. Examples of organic solvents that may be mentioned include linear or branched and preferably saturated monoalcohols or diols, comprising 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexylene glycol (2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol), neopentyl glycol and 3-methyl-1 ,5-pentanediol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and propylene glycol; aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol or phenylethyl alcohol; polyols containing more than two hydroxyl functions, such as glycerol; polyol ethers, for instance ethylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl or monobutyl ether, propylene glycol or ethers thereof, for instance propylene glycol monomethyl ether; and also diethylene glycol alkyi ethers, especially C C₄ alkyi ethers, for instance diethylene glycol monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether, alone or as a mixture.

The organic solvents, when they are present, generally represent between 1 % and 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition, and preferably between 5% and 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition.

The composition is preferably aqueous. In this case it preferably comprises from 30% to 95% by weight of water, better still from 40% to 90% by weight of water, even better still from 50% to 85% by weight of water relative to the total weight of the composition.

The pH of the composition according to the invention, if it is aqueous, is generally between 3 and 12, preferably between 5 and 11 and preferentially between 7 and 11 , limits included.

It may be adjusted to the desired value by means of acidifying or basifying agents usually used in the dyeing of keratin fibres, and in particular the aforementioned alkaline agents of the invention.

The composition, before dispersing in the form of a foam, may result from the mixing of two or more than two compositions.

The composition according to the invention is, on application to the keratin fibres, in the form of a foam.

The composition in foam form according to the invention is formed from a mixture of air or an inert gas with the composition described previously.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention is in the form of a temporary foam produced just before use.

According to this embodiment, the composition may be packaged in a foam dispenser. They may either be products known as "aerosols" dispensed from a pressurized container with the aid of a propellent gas and thus forming a foam at the moment they are dispensed, or compositions dispensed from a container using a mechanical pump connected to a dispensing head, the passage of the composition into the dispensing head converting it into a foam at the latest at the outlet orifice of such a head. According to a first variant, the dispenser may be an aerosol, containing, besides the base composition, which is generally divided into two portions, one with the oxidizing agent(s) and the other with the dye precursor(s), a propellent gas. In such a configuration the two portions are generally stored separately, each in a pressurized container. Thus, the propellent gases selected in each of the containers may be suitable for the portion contained.

The propellent gas that may be used may be chosen from carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrogen oxide, dimethyl ether, volatile hydrocarbons such as butane, isobutane, propane, pentane, and mixtures thereof.

In practice, for this variant, use will be made of either aerosol packaging with a single container that internally contains two pouches, or a double aerosol that therefore contains two containers. In both cases, the dispensing head is such that what is sprayed in foam form is the composition according to the invention, that is to say the mixture of the composition with the oxidizing agent(s) and the composition with the oxidation dye precursor(s).

According to another embodiment, the composition may be in a foam dispenser of the "pump bottle" type. These dispensers comprise a dispensing head for delivering the composition, a pump and a dip tube for transferring the composition from the container into the head in order to deliver the product. The foam is formed by forcing the composition to pass through a material comprising a porous substance such as a sintered material, a filtering grid made of plastic or of metal, or similar structures.

Such dispensers are well known to those skilled in the art and are described in patents: U.S. Pat No. 3,709,437 (Wright), U.S. Pat. No. 3,937,364 (Wright), U.S. Pat No. 4,022,351 (Wright), U.S. Pat No. 4,147,306 (Bennett), U.S. Pat No. 4,184,615 (Wright), U.S. Pat No. 4,598,862 (Rice), U.S. Pat No. 4,615,467 (Grogan et al.), and U.S. Pat No. 5,364,031 (Tamiguchi et al.).

In practice, for this variant, the oxidizing agent(s) are packaged in a first container equipped with a closure, and the oxidation dye precursor(s) are packaged in a second container, different from the first, and also closed by a closing member. The closing member may be a pump-dispensing mechanism. The composition according to the invention is then formed by mixing, before use, a composition with the oxidizing agent(s) and a composition with the oxidation dye precursor(s). For this purpose, in order to limit the number of containers supplied, one out of the first or second container defines an internal volume large enough to receive therein the entirety of the two compositions. The mixture of the compositions may be homogenized by closing this container and by shaking the container. The closure of the container is advantageously carried out directly with the dispensing head. This dispensing head comprises a mechanical pump held in a ring intended for mounting by snap-fitting or screwing onto the neck of the container containing the mixture. The pump comprises a pump body connected to a dip tube in order to enable the whole of the mixture to be dispensed. The pump also comprises a push button for activation of the pump body, such that, on each activation, a dose of composition is sucked inside the dip tube and ejected in foam form out of the dispensing orifice of the head.

In this example, the containers are preferably made of a thermoplastic and are obtained by extrusion blow moulding or injection blow moulding processes. In particular, the container intended for packaging the composition with the oxidation dye precursor(s) is made of a material comprising a non-zero proportion of EVOH. The pump is, for example, the standard "F2 - L9" model offered by the company REXAM.

According to this preferred embodiment, one subject of the invention is a non- aerosol device comprising the composition of the invention.

The dyeing process according to the invention consists in applying the composition according to the invention to wet or dry human keratin fibres over a time sufficient to develop the desired coloration. According to the invention, the composition applied to the keratin fibres is in foam form. The dyeing process is generally carried out at room temperature (between 15°C and 25°C) and up to temperatures which may reach 60°C to 80°C.

After a leave-in time from one minute to one hour, preferably from 5 minutes to 30 minutes, the keratin fibres are rinsed with water, optionally washed with a shampoo and then rinsed with water.

The examples that follow serve to illustrate the invention without, however, being limiting in nature.

EXAMPLES

The following compositions are prepared (the amounts are expressed ^' active material):

Composition A B

Cocobetaine 1 1

Sodium laureth sulphate 1 1

Sucrose (Saccharose) 0.5 0.5

Aqueous ammonia (expressed as NH₃) 0.6 -

Monoethanolamine 2 2

Sorbitol 4 4

Polyquaternium-6 0.5 0.5 Polyquaternium-39 0.05 0.05

Hydrogenated castor oil containing 40 oxyethylene units 0.4 0.4

Hydrogen peroxide 4.5 4.5

Glycerol 3 3

Cetearyl alcohol 0.2 0.2

Erythorbic acid 0.2 0.2

Sodium metabisulphite 0.2 0.2

Sodium salicylate 0.021 0.021

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.024 0.024

Tetrasodium etidronate 0.036 0.036

EDTA 0.08 0.08

Phosphoric acid qs pH qs pH

Water qs 100 qs

100

The compositions A and B above are obtained by mixing, before use, two compositions: A1 and B for composition A, A2 and B for composition B:

Composition B weight %

Sodium laureth sulphate 1.666

Polyquaternium-39 0.083 Hydrogen peroxide 7.5

Glycerol 5

Cetearyl alcohol 0.333

Sodium salicylate 0.035

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.04

Tetrasodium etidronate 0.06

Phosphoric acid qs pH 2.2

Water qs 100

The mixture is introduced in an amount of 65 g (26 g of composition A + 39 g of composition B) into a pump bottle (REXAM L9 equipped with a dip tube). The device makes it possible, by pumping, to obtain a foam which is compact enough to be applied to natural or permanent-waved grey hair containing 90% white hairs and to not immediately collapse. The comfort on application is very good. After a leave-in time of 30 minutes, the locks are rinsed, washed with a standard shampoo, rinsed again and then dried, to give the desired coloration. This coloration is strong and relatively unselective.

Claims

1. Dye composition in foam form comprising:

(a) at least one monosaccharide or disaccharide;

(b) at least one alkaline agent;

(c) at least one surfactant;

(d) at least one oxidizing agent;

(e) at least one oxidation dye precursor.

2. Composition according to Claim 1 , in which the surfactant(s) are chosen from cationic, amphoteric, nonionic and anionic surfactants, preferably from amphoteric, nonionic and anionic surfactants and more preferentially from amphoteric and anionic surfactants and better still from amphoteric surfactants.

3. Composition according to Claim 1 , in which the surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant chosen from (C₈-C₂o)alkylbetaines, sulphobetaines, (C₈-

C₂o)alkylamido(CrC₆)alkylbetaines or (C₈-C2o)alkylamido(Cr

C₆)alkylsulphobetaines, preferably (C8-C2o)alkylamido(CrC₆)alkylbetaines.

4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more amphoteric surfactants, one or more nonionic surfactants and one or more anionic surfactants.

5. Composition according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the surfactant(s) are present in a total amount ranging from 0.1 % to 30% by weight, preferably from 1 % to 20% by weight and better still from 1 % to 10% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition.

6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the alkaline agent is chosen from aqueous ammonia, alkanolamines and amino acids.

7. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the alkaline agent is chosen from alkanolamines and in particular is monoethanolamine.

8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the alkaline agent(s) are present in a content ranging from 0.01 % to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1 % to 20% by weight and better still from 1 % to 10% by weight, relative to the weight of said composition.

9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the monosaccharides are chosen from ribulose, xylulose, psicose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose and talose, better still from fructose, xylose, glucose, galactose and mannose.

10. Composition according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, in which the disaccharides are chosen from sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, lactose, cellobiose, maltose, isomaltulose and lactulose, better still from lactose and sucrose.

11. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the monosaccharides or disaccharides are chosen from fructose, xylose, glucose, galactose, mannose, lactose and sucrose, better still from glucose or sucrose.

12. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

13. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more oxidation bases and one or more couplers.

14. Aerosol device comprising a means of generating, in foam form, a composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 14;

15. Aerosol device according to Claim 15, comprising a single container equipped with 2 pouches, or comprising two containers.

16. Nonaerosol device comprising a bottle equipped with a mechanical pumping system and comprising a composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 14 and a dispensing system enabling it to be delivered in foam form.