WO2012059015A1

WO2012059015A1 - Methanol fuel that prevents phase separation

Info

Publication number: WO2012059015A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/081363
Authority: WO
Inventors: 赵炳三
Original assignee: 抚顺飞展能源科技研发有限公司
Priority date: 2010-11-03
Filing date: 2011-10-27
Publication date: 2012-05-10
Also published as: CN102453554A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel for use specifically in internal-combustion engines, and particularly to a methanol fuel that prevents phase separation. The methanol fuel that prevents phase separation consists of 45 to 55 volume percent of methanol, 25 to 35 volume percent of naphtha, 20 to 40 volume percent of aromatic hydrocarbon, and 0.001 to 13 volume percent of phase-separation prevention agent. As a fuel for use specifically in internal-combustion engines, the methanol fuel of the present invention can replace gasoline. The fuel can be used directly without modifying existing engines. Compared to gasoline, the fuel can substantially reduce air pollution and provide the same or higher power, hence the fuel can be called an economic alternative fuel.

Description

Methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation

The present invention relates to a fuel for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to a methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation. Background technique

As the world's oil depletion and environmental pollution problems become more and more serious, the world is in a state of sensitivity to the lack of energy.

In order to overcome the problem of oil depletion and environmental pollution, we are focusing on renewable energy and alternative fuels using biotechnology, and have developed energy sources such as solar energy, geothermal energy, wind power, and tidal power, but the actual effects are still not satisfactory.

Recently, many alternative fuel technologies using alcohol have been developed with international trends. Research on alcohol-based fuels that reduce hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides has shown that alcohol fuels are a source of environmentally friendly raw materials. (Johnson R.T., Staffer J.O., Soc, Automot.Eng. (Spec.Pubi) 1983, S, P 542, 91-104)

The first methanol used as an alcohol fuel is methanol produced by industrial methods from natural gas, coal, and wood. The methanol has an octane number of about 101.5 and does not produce smoke, contains no sulfur, and significantly reduces nitrogen during combustion. Oxygen compounds (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx). However, it is only possible to use methanol alone in a gasoline engine. Since the amount of heat consumed is less than that of gasoline and the amount of fuel consumed is too large, and the possibility of corroding engine parts is corroded, it is practically difficult to apply it to a gasoline engine alone.

Especially in the automotive field, although methanol fuel is used in South American countries, it is necessary to develop additional automobile engines and additional fuel filling facilities, so this social cost in real life can only become an economic burden.

Moreover, the power of 85%-100% methanol can only reach about half of the calorific value of the same volume of gasoline, so it will require twice the fuel oil when driving the same distance.

Based on the results of these prior studies, it is conceivable that the method of mixing methanol with conventional gasoline fuel is actually based on China and Southeast Asia, and is using 10-15% methanol and 85-90% gasoline mixed fuel as transportation fields for automobiles. Special fuel for internal combustion engines. Industrial methanol itself is toxic, so it is harmful to the human body when it is used. Therefore, many countries recognize the environmental advantages of methanol fuel and limit their use. Therefore, the United States, Europe, and Japan use ethanol instead of methanol to mix with conventional gasoline and use it as an alternative fuel.

In addition to being produced from the petrochemical industry, Ethanol can be extracted from plants and other organisms. Its performance as a fuel is similar to that of methanol, and it has the advantages of less toxicity and ease of use.

Now, some cars in the US and Brazil are using a fuel called Gasohol that mixes about 90% of gasoline and about 10% of ethanol. In particular, the ethanol blended in Gasohol is a so-called bioethanol produced in plants that is not produced in the petrochemical industry, so it is popular as an environmentally friendly fuel.

However, ethanol extracted from plants has caused the rise in cereal prices worldwide, so production costs are higher than methanol and can only increase the structural burden of energy prices.

When methanol and gasoline are mixed with hydrophobic hydrocarbons, the biggest problem is the phase separation phenomenon. Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation. In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation: a methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation of 30-55% by volume of methanol, 25-35% of naphtha, 20-40% of aromatic hydrocarbons, and 0.001-13% by volume Phase separation inhibitor.

The aromatic hydrocarbon is toluene or xylene. The phase separation inhibitor is Butyl Cellosolve _{_{_{(Butyl C ell 0S0 l ve)}}} , ethyl cellosolve (Ethyl Cellosolve), abietic acid (Rosin Acid), isopropyl alcohol (iso-propanol) or isobutanol (iso The phase separation preventing agent of butanoD o is 0.1-9% by volume of butyl cellosolve, 0.1-11% by volume of ethyl cellosolve (Ethyl Cellosolve), 0.001-6% by volume Rosin Acid, 0.1-13% by volume of iso-propanol or 0.1-12% by volume of isobutanol. The methanol fuel can also be added with a total volume of methanol fuel 5-10. % pentane.

The advantages of the invention:

1. The methanol fuel of the present invention can significantly reduce harmful substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides as compared with conventional gasoline.

2. The addition of an anticorrosive agent to the methanol fuel of the present invention can effectively solve the problem of corroding the gasoline engine; the phase separation preventing agent added is for improving the mutual solubility of the hydrophilic component and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon compound, and preventing the long-term storage of the fuel oil. Phase separation occurs.

3. Isopropanol in the methanol fuel additive of the present invention, the purpose of which is to adjust the upper ignition point of the fuel, reduce the interfacial tension between the hydrophilic methanol and the hydrophobic aromatic compound, and improve the mutual solubility. , the content of its components can be used in the range of 0.1-13% by volume of the entire composition; in addition to the use of pentane pentane

(C ₅ H ₁₂ ) can improve the disadvantage of being difficult to start at low temperatures.

4. The aromatic hydrocarbon toluene added to the methanol fuel of the present invention can increase the bursting power and improve the running performance. Xylene can improve the acceleration, and the content of each of toluene or xylene is preferably 20-40% by volume based on the entire composition.

5. The methanol fuel of the present invention can be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines instead of gasoline, and can be used directly without modifying the engine. Compared with gasoline, it can significantly reduce atmospheric pollution while the fuel as a fuel is also the same or higher than gasoline, so it can be called an economical alternative fuel. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1A, B, C and D are comparative views of the discharge of various pollutants discharged from the fuel of the present invention and the market #93 gasoline to the atmosphere, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

The invention is further illustrated by the specific examples of the invention. However, the scope of rights of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The use of iso-propanol, another alcohol component in the raw material of the present invention, is to adjust the upper flash point of the fuel, and the use of pentane pentane (C ₅ H ₁₂ ) is difficult to improve at low temperatures when using a methanol-based fuel. The shortcoming of starting up can ensure low-temperature startability when used within the range of 5-10% of the whole volume. When the amount is too small, the above effect cannot be achieved, and when used in a large amount, the cost is increased, so each of them is used in the range of 5-10%. it is good.

The aromatic hydrocarbon toluene can increase the explosive force and improve the driving performance, while xylene can improve the acceleration. The content of toluene or xylene is 20-40% by volume of the whole composition. As well. When the content of the aromatic hydrocarbon substance is less than 20% by volume, it is difficult to expect a desired explosive force, and when it exceeds 40% by volume, an excessive amount of aromatic hydrocarbon is used to increase the carbon-generating oxide.

The separation layer preventive agent contained in one of the core components of the alcohol-based fuel composition of the present invention is used for the purpose of improving the miscibility of the hydrophilic alcohol component and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon compound, and generally does not include separation. The alcohol-based fuel oil of the layer preventive agent does not cause a problem in that it does not cause separation or precipitation in a short period of time, but when the fuel oil is stored for a long period of time, a separation layer and a precipitation phenomenon are generated and it cannot be used in a conventional gasoline engine.

The use of one or more of butyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve or rosin acid derivative in the separation layer preventive agent will serve as a superior separation layer preventive agent and contribute to prolonging the service life of the engine.

Isopropanol can reduce the interfacial tension between the hydrophilic methanol and the hydrophobic aromatic compound of the main raw material of the present invention to achieve better physical mixing between the components, and the content of the components can be A range of 0.1-13% by volume of the entire composition is used.

Isobutanol, although it is inferior to isopropanol in terms of preventing the separation layer, can improve the low-temperature startability of the disadvantage of ethanol and reduce the excessive fuel consumption of the disadvantage of the alcohol-based fuel, so as to have an improved fuel ratio and a significant reduction in emissions. The harmful gas effect component, when used in the range of 0.1-12% by volume, will contribute to the fuel for internal combustion engines.

The hydrocarbon solvent of the present invention is classified as a mixture according to the latter classification method into Paraffin series hydrocarbon, Cyclopaffin series hydrocarbon, and Aromatic series hydrocarbon.

However, the present invention provides a fuel composition for an internal combustion engine characterized by a hydrocarbon solvent having a paraffinic series hydrocarbon having 4 to 15 hydrocarbons as a main component and a small amount of naphthene hydrocarbon.

Additives such as an anti-oxidant, a detergent, a combustion accelerator, and a fluidity improver which are usually added to gasoline or diesel can be added to the methanol fuel of the present invention.

Example 1

The methanol fuel consisted of 50% by volume of methanol (methanol with a methanol concentration of 99.9%), 30% naphtha (Naphtha), 10% isopropanol, and 10% xylene.

Naphtha: general algae-containing 55.4%, monocycloalkane 30.3%, bicycloalkane 2.4%, alkylbenzene 11.7%, benzene 0.1%, indane and tetralin 0.1%. The average molecular weight was 114, the density was 0.76 g/cm ³ , and the explosion limit was 1.2%-6.0%. The naphtha used in this embodiment was purchased and placed in Daqing Petrochemical Company.

In addition, since methanol can significantly reduce the generation of carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides compared with conventional gasoline fuels, the use of methanol can reduce the harmful exhaust gases generated during combustion and obtain higher symplectic Alkane value and compression ratio.

Since the methanol used is extracted from natural gas and coal and contains a certain amount of water, there is actually a problem of potentially corroding the gasoline engine.

Although the ability to reduce moisture while reducing purity minimizes incomplete combustion and corrosion of the engine, the use of high purity methanol increases the refining process and requires excellent refining techniques. Thereby, the production cost is increased and the amount of addition is limited to lower the performance of the fuel.

Therefore, in the use of the methanol fuel of the present invention, the anticorrosive agent added to the liquid fuel oil which is commonly used at the present stage can be additionally used as needed. These anticorrosive agents are not limited to known anticorrosive agents such as amine series compounds, amides or ester derivatives.

Example 2 The methanol fuel is composed of 50% by volume of methanol, 33% of naphtha (Naphtha), 4% of butyl cellosolve (Jinzhou Petrochemical), and 13% of xylene.

Example 3

The methanol fuel was composed of 53% by volume of methanol, 32% of naphtha (Naphtha), 6% of rosin acid compound, and 9% of toluene.

Example 4

The methanol fuel consisted of 52% by volume of methanol, 31% of naphtha (Naphtha), 9% of isobutanol, 3% of toluene and 5% of xylene.

Example 5

The methanol fuel is composed of 52% by volume of methanol, 31% of naphtha (Naphtha), 9% isobutanol, and 8% of xylene, and is added with 5% of pentane (Pentane) in methanol. The ease of starting at low temperatures.

Example 6

The methanol fuel is composed of 45% by volume of methanol, 35% of naphtha (Naphtha), and 20% of xylene, and a 1% pentane (Pentane) of methanol fuel is added, thereby improving the easiness of starting at a low temperature.

Example 7

The methanol fuel consisted of 55% by volume of methanol, 25% of naphtha (Naphtha), 10% by volume of butyl cellosolve, and 10% xylene.

Example 8

The methanol fuel consisted of 34% by volume of methanol, 25% of naphtha (Naphtha), 1% by volume of isobutanol, and 40% of xylene.

Example 9

The methanol fuel consisted of 50% by volume of methanol, 14.5% naphtha (Naphtha), 0.5% by volume of Butyl cellosolve, and 35% toluene.

Example 10

The methanol fuel consisted of 40% by volume of methanol, 22.99% of naphtha (Naphtha), 0.001% by volume of Butyl cellosolve, and 38% toluene.

In addition, the methanol fuel of the present invention can be used as an alternative fuel for gasoline as well as an additive for gasoline. When used as an additive, it is superior to conventional gasoline in terms of fuel ratio, power performance, exhaust gas, noise, etc., and is superior to conventional gasoline.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and combinations thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Simplifications, which are equivalent replacement means, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Test case:

The properties and composition analysis of the methanol fuel in the above examples were commissioned by the Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute of Sinopec Chemical Industry. The results are shown in Table 1.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the corrosion resistance and oxidation stability of the copper plate also show the same value as the conventional gasoline fuel standard and meet the quality standard of the gasoline. Table 1 is a comparison table of quality standards for methanol fuel and gasoline entrusted by Sinopec Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute in November 2009.

The target fuel for the methanol fuel for internal combustion engine of the present invention was evaluated by the European evaluation method (ECE15+EUDC) using unleaded gasoline of octane price #93, and the vehicle using modern EF-SONATA2008 type vehicle measurement method GB1835.2 -2001 (automobile emission gas measurement method), GB/T12543-90 (automotive power performance measurement method), GB1495-2002 (automobile noise measurement method) were evaluated and analyzed. 艮卩 After injecting fuel into the vehicle and driving for 200km, the amount of exhaust gas is measured once in the idling, the fuel economy is measured once, the power performance is measured once, and the noise is measured when the air is idling once. For the measurement of the vehicle specifications used at the same time, see Table 2. The measuring instruments used are shown in Table 3.

[Table 2] Test specific vehicle specifications

[Table 3] Test-specific experimental instruments and equipment

[Table 4] Test results of pollutant emissions and fuel ratio of EF SONATA sedan

The experiment measures the exhaust according to GB1835.2-2001 (automobile exhaust measurement method). The results of the test using the EF SONATA sedan from Table 4 show that the use of the inventive examples 5-7 has the effect of reducing up to 36% HC, reducing up to 30% CO, and reducing 67% NOx compared to when using #93 gasoline. The fuel ratio increased by up to 12.8%.

[Table 5] Dynamic performance test results of EF SONATA sedan (unit: second)

From the above [Table 5], it can be understood that the time required for the gear to be replaced by the fourth gear and the fifth gear after 200 km travel is faster than that of the general #93 gasoline, and the acceleration force of the seventh embodiment is the fastest. [Table 6] Measuring the noise of the EF SONATA sedan

Experimental method: According to GB1495-2002 (automobile noise measurement method), the gear is placed in the 2nd and 3rd gears while driving, and the maximum value is calculated by the method of measuring the noise value (Decibel) for 4 times and the average is calculated. value.

1) #93 gasoline

From the measurement noise results described above, it can be understood that the measurement of the entire #93 gasoline and the results of Examples 1-3 are not much different in performance from the use of #93.

Claims

Claim

A methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation, characterized in that: methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation is 30-55% by volume of methanol, 25-35% of naphtha, and 20-40% of aromatic hydrocarbons by volume percentage. And 0.001-13% phase separation inhibitor.

The methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation according to claim 1, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon is toluene or xylene.

3. The methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation according to claim 1, wherein: said phase separation preventing agent is Butyl cellosolve, Ethyl Cellosolve, and rosin acid ( Rosin Acid), iso-propanol or isobutanol (iso butanoDo

4. The methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: said phase separation preventing agent is from 0.1 to 9% by volume of butyl cellosolve, 0.1- by weight to volume. 11% by volume of Ethyl Cellosolve, 0.001-6% by volume of Rosin Acid, 0.1-13% by volume of iso-propanol or 0.1-12% by volume of Isobutyl Alcohol (iso butanol).

A methanol fuel capable of preventing phase separation according to claim 1, wherein: said methanol fuel may further contain 5-10% of pentane in a total volume of methanol fuel.