WO2012052572A1 - Weight-compensating device for machine-tools - Google Patents

Weight-compensating device for machine-tools Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012052572A1
WO2012052572A1 PCT/ES2010/070675 ES2010070675W WO2012052572A1 WO 2012052572 A1 WO2012052572 A1 WO 2012052572A1 ES 2010070675 W ES2010070675 W ES 2010070675W WO 2012052572 A1 WO2012052572 A1 WO 2012052572A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
machine
compensation
chamber
hydraulic cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2010/070675
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Luis CALLEJA MARTÍNEZ
Original Assignee
Zayer, S. A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zayer, S. A. filed Critical Zayer, S. A.
Priority to PCT/ES2010/070675 priority Critical patent/WO2012052572A1/en
Priority to ES201390028A priority patent/ES2412630B1/en
Publication of WO2012052572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012052572A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
    • B23Q11/0017—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts
    • B23Q11/0025—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts using resilient means, e.g. springs, hydraulic dampers

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of machine tool and more specifically in the dispo ⁇ sitivos weight compensation ⁇ vertica them linear movements.
  • the object of said invention is the compensation of weight in linear vertical movements by means of a device integrated in the structure of the machine, which allows to exert a balanced instantaneous force and which varies uniformly in magnitude.
  • Weight compensation devices are known in machine tools for the vertical movements of the components of the machine, the console and the ram usually, whose weight causes, in the case of not being compensated, the oversizing of the motor or drive motors and a difficult control that affects the work quality of the machine.
  • a known device is Mues tra ⁇ compensation in European Patent 03425363, which is adjacent to the arm column in which a hydraulically actuated device lic a cable is connected to the column of the machine.
  • Multi - stage telescopic cylinders are co nocidos in other areas such as hydraulic jacks or bascu ⁇ lantes vehicle. These cylinders exert different magnitudes of punctual force in each chamber along the route. For example, when the transition from one chamber to another of the cylinder occurs, a change in the magnitude of the force exerted by the cylinder takes place that causes a jump or blow that must be controlled by the engine which is oversized just to cover this event.
  • the present invention is integrated into the volume of the machine and is very simple and efficient operation due to its dynamic stability in vertical linear movi ⁇ ments exposed.
  • the present invention relates to a weight compensation device in linear vertical movements for machine tools characterized in that they comprise ⁇ of: a hydraulic cylinder of at least two chambers for movement in stages; fixing means of said hydraulic cylinder to the machine tool; a hydraulic fluid supply for each cylinder chamber; a reservoir fluid and gas accumulator Oth ⁇ leveling , for each camera; so that they said elemen ⁇ cough are placed within the structure of the machine tool, the hydraulic cylinder placed upright, and by circulating hydraulic fluid between each chamber of the cylinder and run ⁇ sponding storage tank through each ALIMEN ⁇ tion, the weight is compensated for linear vertical movement thereof.
  • Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a machine tool with the device object of the invention.
  • 2 shows a perspective view of the device of the invention makes for a ⁇ cylinder two chambers and six accumulated deposits lators.
  • Figure 3 represents a sectional profile of a two chamber hydraulic cylinder.
  • Figure 4 represents a sectional profile of a three chamber hydraulic cylinder.
  • Figure 5 shows respective graphs represent ⁇ do the force exerted by each cylinder chamber of the invention during displacement thereof.
  • the present invention is a weight compensation device in linear vertical movements for machine tools comprising:
  • the elements that constitute the device (1,2,3,4,6,10) are placed inside the structure of the machine tool so that none protrudes ⁇ le from the outer perimeter of the same, and reduces the height of the machine with what in machine tools of relative large size it is of great importance since it saves space in the plant of the factory where they are installed and, above all, avoids shocks of the elements of the machine with the roof of the factory, which implies a modification of the same or executions spe cial ⁇ machine and the base thereof.
  • the hydraulic cylinder (1) of this exposed embodiment is placed in a vertical position, that is, the longitudinal axis thereof is perpendicular to the ground, thereby exerting an upward vertical force that compensates for the weight (14) of the machine assembly equipped with vertical movement, which is usually a console on which the cylinder (1), the ram (14) and the head (15) are fixed.
  • the hydraulic cylinder (1) consists of two chambers (1.1, 1.2) in this embodiment as has Mencio ⁇ swim, which move each other in telescopic manner ca.
  • the rod (1.4) of the cylinder runs into the first jacket (1.5) of the first chamber (1.1), which acts as a rod and runs into the second jacket (1.6) of the second chamber (1.2).
  • Each accumulator tank (6,10) houses inside it gas and hydraulic fluid so that when more hydraulic fluid enters the gas is compressed thus accumulating a potential compression energy that is released when the hydraulic fluid comes out .
  • the gas displaces the fluid towards the hydraulic cylinder (1) when it extends, which is when the weight (14) moves up.
  • the fastening means (2) of the leveling , cylinder ⁇ lic (1) consist of a bottom plate (2.1) and an upper flange (2.2) for attaching the lower and upper portions, respectively, of the hydraulic cylinder (1) to machine tool, in particular, within the column (12) and the console, not repre sitting ⁇ thereof.
  • the bottom plate (2.1) is fixed to the end ⁇ ferior rod (1.4), thus forming the point of the cylinder to the fixed part of the machine, and the upper flange (2.2) is fixed to the lower end of the second shirt (1.6), corresponding to the mobile element of the machine.
  • the power inputs (3,4) to each chamber (1.1,1.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) are located at the bottom of the machine.
  • the correct operation of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is achieved as there is an inner duct (1.5.1) that communicates the first chamber (1.1) with the second (1.2) allowing the passage of hydraulic fluid from the bottom of the device to the upper part of the cylinder (1), that is, to the second chamber (1.2).
  • the hydraulic cylinder (1) consists of three chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3), with its corresponding rod (1.4) and three jackets (1.5,1.6,1.7) operating analogously to the two chamber cylinder .
  • the lower plate (2.1) is fixed to the lower end of the rod (1.4), a support point, as in the previous case, but now the upper flange (2.2) is fixed to the lower end of the third sleeve ( 1.7), thus corresponding to the mobile element of the machine.
  • a power inlet (5) is included thereto by the upper part of said chamber.
  • the input feeds ⁇ (5) is the top of the cylinder (1)
  • the increase in total height of the device is not relevant since the pipes used connected to the power supply inputs (3,4 , 5) they are flexible sleeves of the known that curving, in this case downwards, as soon as they leave the cylinder (1) they occupy little space in terms of vertical height.
  • the number of accumulator tanks to be used in each application is a function of the desired path of the cylinder (1) and the space available in the column (12) of the machine. It is clear that such deposits can be designed in turn for each application, but it is usual to use the available standard size in the market, so it will be necessary to use several connected in groups to achieve the desired effect.
  • the force (F) balanced and uniform variation implies that can size the corresponding motor of the machine tool correc ⁇ LY without having to provide large loads meas- ured determined, which would result in a higher engine with the consequent greater cost, consumption and volume occupied in the machine.
  • the volume of accumulated deposits ⁇ res (6,7,8,9,10,11) acts as an adjustment parameter in the sense of being able to vary it to delimit the variation in magnitude in the compensation force between the ends of the This is a function of the relationship between the displaced hydraulic fluid and the volume of the accumulator tanks.
  • This device achieves, as far as the magnitude of the force is concerned, a perfect dynamic stability in the center of the path (Z m ) with a controllable variation that is usually between 5 and 10% at the ends of the path (Z).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for compensating weight during linear vertical movements for machine-tools, comprising: a hydraulic cylinder having at least two chambers, means for securing the cylinder to the machine, a supply of hydraulic fluid, and one gas and hydraulic fluid storage tank per chamber. The device, which is built into the structure of the machine, can be used to exert an instantaneous balanced force, the magnitude of which varies uniformly.

Description

DISPOSITIVO DE COMPENSACIÓN DE PESO PARA MÁQUINAS  WEIGHT COMPENSATION DEVICE FOR MACHINES
HERRAMIENTA  TOOL
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se engloba en el campo de la máquina herramienta y más concretamente en los dispo¬ sitivos de compensación de peso en movimientos vertica¬ les lineales. The present invention belongs to the field of machine tool and more specifically in the dispo ¬ sitivos weight compensation ¬ vertica them linear movements.
El objeto de dicha invención es la compensación de peso en movimientos verticales lineales mediante un dispositivo integrado en la estructura de la máquina, que permite ejercer una fuerza instantánea equilibrada y que varia uniformemente en magnitud. The object of said invention is the compensation of weight in linear vertical movements by means of a device integrated in the structure of the machine, which allows to exert a balanced instantaneous force and which varies uniformly in magnitude.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Son conocidos dispositivos de compensación de peso en máquinas herramientas para los movimientos verticales de los componentes de la máquina, la consola y el carnero habitualmente, cuyo peso ocasiona, en el caso de no ser compensado, el sobredimensionado del motor o motores de accionamiento y un difícil control que afecta a la calidad del trabajo de la máquina. Weight compensation devices are known in machine tools for the vertical movements of the components of the machine, the console and the ram usually, whose weight causes, in the case of not being compensated, the oversizing of the motor or drive motors and a difficult control that affects the work quality of the machine.
Un dispositivo de compensación conocido se mues¬ tra en la patente europea 03425363, el cual es un brazo adyacente a la columna en el que un dispositivo hidráu- lico acciona un cable que es el se conecta a la columna de la máquina. A known device is Mues tra ¬ compensation in European Patent 03425363, which is adjacent to the arm column in which a hydraulically actuated device lic a cable is connected to the column of the machine.
Este tipo de dispositivo de gran complejidad y utiliza elementos adyacentes la máquina, lo cual implica incrementar el volumen coste de la máquina misma, así como la potencialidad de fallos en el movi¬ miento del dispositivo. This type of device of great complexity and uses adjacent elements the machine, which implies increasing the volume cost of the machine same and the potential failures movi ¬ ment device.
Cilindros telescópicos de varias etapas son co- nocidos en otros ámbitos como gatos hidráulicos o bascu¬ lantes para vehículos. Estos cilindros ejercen diferentes magnitudes de fuerza puntual en cada cámara a lo largo del recorrido. Por ejemplo, cuando se produce la transición de una cámara a otra del cilindro, tiene lugar un cambio en la magnitud de la fuerza ejercida por el cilindro que provoca un salto o golpe que debe ser controlado por el motor el cual queda sobre dimensiona- do sólo para cubrir este evento. Multi - stage telescopic cylinders are co nocidos in other areas such as hydraulic jacks or bascu ¬ lantes vehicle. These cylinders exert different magnitudes of punctual force in each chamber along the route. For example, when the transition from one chamber to another of the cylinder occurs, a change in the magnitude of the force exerted by the cylinder takes place that causes a jump or blow that must be controlled by the engine which is oversized just to cover this event.
Además, esta falta de uniformidad en el esfuerzo se traduce en una inestabilidad en el movimiento ya que las variaciones de fuerza aplicadas provocan aceleracio¬ nes y desaceleraciones. Éstas, en el caso de utilizar¬ se estos dispositivos en máquinas herramienta, serían desfavorables para el control del mecanizado y producir¬ ían fallos, falta de calidad y precisión del mismo. Furthermore, this nonuniformity in the stress results in instability in the movement since the force applied variations cause ACCELERATION ¬ tions and decelerations. These, in the case of using these devices ¬ machine tools, would be disadvantageous to control machining and produce ¬ ian failures, lack of quality and accuracy thereof.
En definitiva, en las soluciones conocidas exis¬ te una descompensación dinámica que se traduce en sobre- dimensionado de máquina y potenciales errores en la precisión del movimiento. In short, in the known solutions exis ¬ you a dynamic imbalance that results in over - sized machine and potential errors in the accuracy of the movement.
Para solventar dichas desventajas se expone la presente invención que se integra dentro del volumen de la máquina y es de gran sencillez y funcionamiento eficiente debido a su estabilidad dinámica en los movi¬ mientos lineales verticales. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN To overcome these disadvantages the present invention is integrated into the volume of the machine and is very simple and efficient operation due to its dynamic stability in vertical linear movi ¬ ments exposed. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención queda establecida y carac¬ terizada en las reivindicaciones independientes, mien- tras que las reivindicaciones dependientes describen otras características de la misma. The present invention is established ¬ terizada and char in the independent claims, whereas the dependent claims describe other characteristics of the same.
A la vista de lo anteriormente enunciado, la presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo de com- pensación de peso en movimientos verticales lineales para máquinas herramienta caracterizado porque compren¬ de: un cilindro hidráulico de al menos dos cámaras para su movimiento en etapas; medios de fijación de dicho cilindro hidráulico a la máquina herramienta; una ali- mentación de fluido hidráulico por cada cámara del cilindro; un depósito acumulador de gas y fluido hidráu¬ lico por cada cámara; de manera que los citados elemen¬ tos quedan colocados dentro de la estructura de la máquina herramienta, el cilindro hidráulico colocado en posición vertical, y mediante la circulación del fluido hidráulico entre cada cámara del cilindro y el corres¬ pondiente depósito acumulador, a través de cada alimen¬ tación, se compensa el peso durante los movimientos lineales verticales de la misma. In view of the foregoing, the present invention relates to a weight compensation device in linear vertical movements for machine tools characterized in that they comprise ¬ of: a hydraulic cylinder of at least two chambers for movement in stages; fixing means of said hydraulic cylinder to the machine tool; a hydraulic fluid supply for each cylinder chamber; a reservoir fluid and gas accumulator Oth ¬ leveling , for each camera; so that they said elemen ¬ cough are placed within the structure of the machine tool, the hydraulic cylinder placed upright, and by circulating hydraulic fluid between each chamber of the cylinder and run ¬ sponding storage tank through each ALIMEN ¬ tion, the weight is compensated for linear vertical movement thereof.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Se complementa la presente memoria descriptiva, con un juego de figuras, ilustrativas del ejemplo prefe- rente, y nunca limitativas de la invención. The present specification is complemented with a set of figures, illustrative of the preferred example, and never limiting the invention.
La figura 1 representa una vista en perspectiva de una máquina herramienta con el dispositivo objeto de la invención. La figura 2 representa una vista en perspectiva del dispositivo objeto de la invención para una realiza¬ ción de cilindro de dos cámaras y seis depósitos acumu- ladores. Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a machine tool with the device object of the invention. 2 shows a perspective view of the device of the invention makes for a ¬ cylinder two chambers and six accumulated deposits lators.
La figura 3 representa un perfil en sección de un cilindro hidráulico de dos cámaras. La figura 4 representa un perfil en sección de un cilindro hidráulico de tres cámaras. Figure 3 represents a sectional profile of a two chamber hydraulic cylinder. Figure 4 represents a sectional profile of a three chamber hydraulic cylinder.
La figura 5 muestra sendas gráficas representan¬ do la fuerza ejercida por cada cámara del cilindro de la invención durante el desplazamiento del mismo. Figure 5 shows respective graphs represent ¬ do the force exerted by each cylinder chamber of the invention during displacement thereof.
EXPOSICIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención es un dispositivo de com- pensación de peso en movimientos verticales lineales para máquinas herramienta que comprende: The present invention is a weight compensation device in linear vertical movements for machine tools comprising:
-un cilindro hidráulico (1) de dos cámaras (1.1,1.2) para su movimiento en etapas,  -a hydraulic cylinder (1) with two chambers (1.1,1.2) for its movement in stages,
-medios de fijación (2) de dicho cilindro hidr- áulico (1) a la máquina herramienta,  - fixing means (2) of said hydraulic cylinder (1) to the machine tool,
-una alimentación (3,4) de fluido hidráulico por cada cámara del cilindro,  -a supply (3,4) of hydraulic fluid for each cylinder chamber,
-un depósito acumulador (6,10) de gas y fluido hidráulico por cada cámara.  -a storage tank (6.10) of gas and hydraulic fluid for each chamber.
Los elementos que constituyen el dispositivo (1,2,3,4,6,10) quedan colocados dentro de la estructura de la máquina herramienta de manera que ninguno sobresa¬ le del perímetro exterior de la misma, y reduce la altura de la máquina con lo que en máquinas herramienta de relativo gran tamaño es de gran importancia ya que ahorra espacio en la planta de la factoría donde están instaladas y, sobre todo, evita choques de los elementos de la máquina con el techo de la factoría, lo cual implica una modificación del mismo o ejecuciones espe¬ ciales de la máquina y del basamento de la misma. The elements that constitute the device (1,2,3,4,6,10) are placed inside the structure of the machine tool so that none protrudes ¬ le from the outer perimeter of the same, and reduces the height of the machine with what in machine tools of relative large size it is of great importance since it saves space in the plant of the factory where they are installed and, above all, avoids shocks of the elements of the machine with the roof of the factory, which implies a modification of the same or executions spe cial ¬ machine and the base thereof.
El cilindro hidráulico (1) de esta realización expuesta está colocado en posición vertical, es decir, el eje longitudinal del mismo es perpendicular al suelo, con lo que ejerce una fuerza vertical hacia arriba que compensa el peso (14) del conjunto de la máquina dotado de movimiento vertical, que normalmente es una consola sobre la que se fija el cilindro (1), el carnero (14) y el cabezal (15) . The hydraulic cylinder (1) of this exposed embodiment is placed in a vertical position, that is, the longitudinal axis thereof is perpendicular to the ground, thereby exerting an upward vertical force that compensates for the weight (14) of the machine assembly equipped with vertical movement, which is usually a console on which the cylinder (1), the ram (14) and the head (15) are fixed.
El cilindro hidráulico (1) consta de dos cámaras (1.1, 1.2) en esta realización tal y como se ha mencio¬ nado, las cuales se mueven entre sí de manera telescópi- ca . El vástago (1.4) del cilindro discurre dentro de la primera camisa (1.5) de la primera cámara (1.1), la cual hace de vástago y discurre dentro de la segunda camisa (1.6) de la segunda cámara (1.2). Cada depósito acumulador (6,10), dos en esta realización preferente, alberga en su interior gas y fluido hidráulico de manera que cuando entra más fluido hidráulico el gas se comprime acumulando así una energía potencial de compresión que se libera cuando sale el fluido hidráulico. En definitiva, el gas desplaza el fluido hacia el cilindro hidráulico (1) cuando se extiende, que es cuando se mueve el peso (14) hacia arriba . Al contrario, en sentido vertical descendente la fuerza de la gravedad ayuda en gran medida al despla¬ zamiento del peso (14) y, por lo tanto, el cilindro hidráulico (1) al contraerse devuelve el fluido hidráu¬ lico a los depósitos acumuladores (6,10) comprimiendo el gas en los mismos. The hydraulic cylinder (1) consists of two chambers (1.1, 1.2) in this embodiment as has Mencio ¬ swim, which move each other in telescopic manner ca. The rod (1.4) of the cylinder runs into the first jacket (1.5) of the first chamber (1.1), which acts as a rod and runs into the second jacket (1.6) of the second chamber (1.2). Each accumulator tank (6,10), two in this preferred embodiment, houses inside it gas and hydraulic fluid so that when more hydraulic fluid enters the gas is compressed thus accumulating a potential compression energy that is released when the hydraulic fluid comes out . In short, the gas displaces the fluid towards the hydraulic cylinder (1) when it extends, which is when the weight (14) moves up. On the contrary, in a downward vertical direction the force of gravity helps greatly to Desplà ¬ zamiento weight (14) and, therefore, the hydraulic cylinder (1) in terms of leveling , returns the fluid ¬ lic accumulators deposits (6,10) compressing the gas in them.
Asi, mediante la circulación del fluido hidráu¬ lico entre cada cámara (1.1,1.2) del cilindro y el correspondiente depósito acumulador (6,10), a través de cada alimentación (3,4), se compensa el peso (14) durante los movimientos lineales verticales del mismo. Thus, by circulating fluid Oth ¬ leveling , between each chamber (1.1,1.2) of the cylinder and the corresponding storage tank (6,10) through each feeding (3,4), the weight (14) is compensated for the vertical linear movements of it.
Los medios de fijación (2) del cilindro hidráu¬ lico (1) constan de una pletina inferior (2.1) y una brida superior (2.2) para la fijación de las partes inferior y superior, respectivamente, del cilindro hidráulico (1) a la máquina herramienta, en concreto, en el interior de la columna (12) y a la consola, no repre¬ sentada, de la misma. The fastening means (2) of the leveling , cylinder ¬ lic (1) consist of a bottom plate (2.1) and an upper flange (2.2) for attaching the lower and upper portions, respectively, of the hydraulic cylinder (1) to machine tool, in particular, within the column (12) and the console, not repre sitting ¬ thereof.
La pletina inferior (2.1) se fija al extremo in¬ ferior del vástago (1.4), constituyendo asi el punto de apoyo del cilindro a la parte fija de la máquina, y la brida superior (2.2) se fija al extremo inferior de la segunda camisa (1.6), correspondiendo al elemento móvil de la máquina. The bottom plate (2.1) is fixed to the end ¬ ferior rod (1.4), thus forming the point of the cylinder to the fixed part of the machine, and the upper flange (2.2) is fixed to the lower end of the second shirt (1.6), corresponding to the mobile element of the machine.
Las entradas de alimentación (3,4) a cada cámara (1.1,1.2) del cilindro hidráulico (1) se encuentran en la parte inferior de la máquina. El funcionamiento correcto del cilindro hidráulico (1) se consigue ya que existe un conducto interior (1.5.1) que comunica la primera cámara (1.1) con la segunda (1.2) permitiendo el paso del fluido hidráulico desde la parte baja del dispositivo a la parte alta del cilindro (1), es decir, a la segunda cámara (1.2) . The power inputs (3,4) to each chamber (1.1,1.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) are located at the bottom of the machine. The correct operation of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is achieved as there is an inner duct (1.5.1) that communicates the first chamber (1.1) with the second (1.2) allowing the passage of hydraulic fluid from the bottom of the device to the upper part of the cylinder (1), that is, to the second chamber (1.2).
En una variante de la invención el cilindro hidráulico (1) consta de tres cámaras (1.1,1.2,1.3), con su correspondiente vástago (1.4) y tres camisas (1.5,1.6,1.7) funcionando de manera análoga al cilindro de dos cámaras. In a variant of the invention the hydraulic cylinder (1) consists of three chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3), with its corresponding rod (1.4) and three jackets (1.5,1.6,1.7) operating analogously to the two chamber cylinder .
En esta variante la pletina inferior (2.1) se fija al extremo inferior del vástago (1.4), punto de apoyo, al igual que en el caso anterior, pero ahora la brida superior (2.2) se fija al extremo inferior de la tercera camisa (1.7), correspondiendo asi al elemento móvil de la máquina. In this variant, the lower plate (2.1) is fixed to the lower end of the rod (1.4), a support point, as in the previous case, but now the upper flange (2.2) is fixed to the lower end of the third sleeve ( 1.7), thus corresponding to the mobile element of the machine.
También, en esta variante, al constar el cilindro (1) con una cámara más, la tercera cámara (1.3), se incluye una entrada de alimentación (5) a la misma por la parte superior de dicha cámara. Also, in this variant, when the cylinder (1) is included with one more chamber, the third chamber (1.3), a power inlet (5) is included thereto by the upper part of said chamber.
Aunque en esta variante la entrada de alimenta¬ ción (5) se hace por la parte superior del cilindro (1), el incremento en altura total del dispositivo no es relevante ya que los conductos utilizados conectados a las entradas de alimentación (3,4,5) son manguitos flexibles de los conocidos que curvándose, en este caso hacia abajo, nada más salir del cilindro (1) ocupan poco espacio en términos de altura vertical. El número de depósitos acumuladores a utilizar en cada aplicación es función del recorrido que se desea del cilindro (1) y del espacio disponible en la columna (12) de la máquina. Es claro que dichos depósitos se pueden diseñar a su vez para cada aplicación, pero lo habitual es utilizar los de tamaño estándar disponibles en el mercado, con lo que será necesario utilizar varios conectados en grupo para conseguir el efecto deseado. Although in this embodiment the input feeds ¬ (5) is the top of the cylinder (1), the increase in total height of the device is not relevant since the pipes used connected to the power supply inputs (3,4 , 5) they are flexible sleeves of the known that curving, in this case downwards, as soon as they leave the cylinder (1) they occupy little space in terms of vertical height. The number of accumulator tanks to be used in each application is a function of the desired path of the cylinder (1) and the space available in the column (12) of the machine. It is clear that such deposits can be designed in turn for each application, but it is usual to use the available standard size in the market, so it will be necessary to use several connected in groups to achieve the desired effect.
Se comprueba que el funcionamiento óptimo del dispositivo con un cilindro hidráulico (1) de dos cáma¬ ras se consigue con seis (6,7,8,9,10,11) depósitos acumuladores, colocados en dos grupos de tres para que se integren dentro de la estructura de la máquina, en concreto dentro de la columna (12), conectados dos en serie (10,11) para alimentar la cámara con menor sec¬ ción, o primera cámara (1.1), y cuatro en serie It is verified that the optimal operation of the device with a hydraulic cylinder (1) of two ¬ ras chambers is achieved with six (6,7,8,9,10,11) accumulator tanks, placed in two groups of three so that they are integrated within the structure of the machine, in particular within the column (12), connected two series (10,11) for feeding the chamber with less sec ¬ or first chamber (1.1), and four serial
(6,7,8,9) para alimentar la cámara con mayor sección, o segunda cámara (1.2) . Con la configuración descrita se consigue que en cada instante la fuerza (F) que aplica el fluido hidráu¬ lico a cada cámara (1.1,1.2,1.3) sea equilibrada en todas ellas, con una variación uniforme a lo largo de todo el recorrido (Z), extensión o recogida, del cilin- dro (1) . (6,7,8,9) to feed the camera with larger section, or second camera (1.2). With the described configuration ensures that in every moment force (F) applied by the leveling , ¬ lic fluid to each chamber (1.1,1.2,1.3) is balanced in all of them, with a uniform along the entire path variation ( Z), extension or collection, of the cylinder (1).
Con fuerza (F) equilibrada se quiere decir que en el mismo punto de recorrido (Z) del cilindro (1) la fuerza en las cámaras (1.1,1.2,1.3) es la misma. With balanced force (F) it means that at the same travel point (Z) of the cylinder (1) the force in the chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3) is the same.
Una representación de la variación de la fuerza (F) en cada una de las cámaras (Cl .1 , Cl .2 , Cl .3 ) durante el recorrido (Z) del cilindro (1) se representa en la figura 5. A representation of the variation of the force (F) in each of the chambers (Cl .1, Cl .2, Cl .3) during the travel (Z) of the cylinder (1) is shown in Figure 5.
De esta manera, la fuerza (F) equilibrada y con variación uniforme implica que se puede dimensionar el correspondiente motor de la máquina herramienta correc¬ tamente sin tener que prever grandes cargas en un momen- to determinado, lo que daría lugar a un motor mayor con el consiguiente mayor coste, consumo y volumen ocupado en la máquina. Thus, the force (F) balanced and uniform variation implies that can size the corresponding motor of the machine tool correc ¬ LY without having to provide large loads meas- ured determined, which would result in a higher engine with the consequent greater cost, consumption and volume occupied in the machine.
Siguiendo la fórmula de presión igual a fuerza dividida por superficie, la fuerza es entonces directa¬ mente proporcional a la presión y la superficie: F=PxS . Following the formula of equal pressure to force divided by area, the force is then directly proportional to the pressure ¬ mind and the surface F = PXS.
Para una necesidad de fuerza (F) instantánea equilibrada, como la sección sobre la que actúa el fluido hidráulico no es constante por la diferencia de superficie de las cámaras (1.1,1.2,1.3) mencionada, es necesario que la presión aplicada sea variable en pro¬ porción inversa al cambio de superficie en dichas cáma¬ ras . For a need for balanced instantaneous force (F), as the section on which the hydraulic fluid acts is not constant due to the mentioned surface difference of the chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3), it is necessary that the applied pressure be variable in ¬ reverse portion to change our cam surface in said ¬ ras.
Por ello, el volumen de los depósitos acumulado¬ res (6,7,8,9,10,11) actúa cómo parámetro de ajuste en el sentido de poder variarlo para delimitar la variación de magnitud en la fuerza de compensación entre los extremos del recorrido, pues ésta es función de la relación entre el fluido hidráulico desplazado y el volumen de los depósitos acumuladores. Therefore, the volume of accumulated deposits ¬ res (6,7,8,9,10,11) acts as an adjustment parameter in the sense of being able to vary it to delimit the variation in magnitude in the compensation force between the ends of the This is a function of the relationship between the displaced hydraulic fluid and the volume of the accumulator tanks.
Mediante este dispositivo se consigue, en cuanto a la magnitud de la fuerza se refiere, una estabilidad dinámica perfecta en el centro del recorrido (Zm) con una variación controlable que suele ser de entre el 5 y el 10% en los extremos del recorrido (Z) . This device achieves, as far as the magnitude of the force is concerned, a perfect dynamic stability in the center of the path (Z m ) with a controllable variation that is usually between 5 and 10% at the ends of the path (Z).

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. -Dispositivo de compensación de peso en movimientos verticales lineales para máquinas herramienta caracteri- zado porque comprende: 1. -Weight compensation device in linear vertical movements for machine tools characterized in that it comprises:
-un cilindro hidráulico (1) de al menos dos cámaras (1.1,1.2) para su movimiento en etapas,  -a hydraulic cylinder (1) of at least two chambers (1.1,1.2) for its movement in stages,
-medios de fijación (2) de dicho cilindro hidráulico (1) a la máquina herramienta,  - fixing means (2) of said hydraulic cylinder (1) to the machine tool,
-una alimentación (3,4) de fluido hidráulico por cada cámara del cilindro, -a supply (3,4) of hydraulic fluid for each cylinder chamber,
-un depósito acumulador (6,10) de gas y fluido hidráuli¬ co por cada cámara, -a storage tank (6.10) and gas co ¬ hidráuli fluid for each chamber,
de manera que los citados elementos (1,2,3,4,6,10) quedan colocados dentro de la estructura de la máquina herramienta, el cilindro hidráulico (1) colocado en posición vertical, y mediante la circulación del fluido hidráulico entre cada cámara (1.1,1.2) del cilindro y el correspondiente depósito acumulador (6,10), a través de cada alimentación (3,4), se compensa el peso (14) durante los movimientos lineales verticales de la misma. so that said elements (1,2,3,4,6,10) are placed inside the structure of the machine tool, the hydraulic cylinder (1) placed vertically, and by means of the circulation of the hydraulic fluid between each chamber (1.1,1.2) of the cylinder and the corresponding accumulator tank (6.10), through each feed (3.4), the weight (14) is compensated during the vertical linear movements thereof.
2. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ción 1 caracterizado porque el cilindro hidráulico (1) consta de tres cámaras (1.1,1.2,1.3). 2. compensation -Device according to claims 1 ¬ characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) consists of three chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3).
3. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ción 1 caracterizado porque los medios de fijación (2) constan de una pletina inferior (2.1) que se fija al extremo inferior del vástago (1.4), punto de apoyo, y una brida superior (2.2) se fija al extremo inferior de la segunda camisa (1.6), elemento móvil de la máquina. 3. -Device Counterweight according to claims 1 ¬ wherein the fixing means (2) comprise a lower plate (2.1) fixed to the lower end of the rod (1.4), fulcrum, and an upper flange ( 2.2) is fixed to the lower end of the second jacket (1.6), mobile element of the machine.
4. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ción 2 caracterizado porque los medios de fijación (2) constan de una pletina inferior (2.1) que se fija al extremo inferior del vástago (1.4), punto de apoyo, y una brida superior que se fija al extremo inferior de la tercera camisa, elemento móvil de la máquina (1.7) . 4. compensation -Device according to claims 2 ¬ wherein the fixing means (2) comprise a lower plate (2.1) which is fixed to lower end of the rod (1.4), support point, and an upper flange that is fixed to the lower end of the third jacket, moving element of the machine (1.7).
5. -Dispositivo de compensación según las reivindica¬ ciones 1 y 2 caracterizado porque las entradas de ali¬ mentación (3,4) a la primera (1.1) y segunda cámara (1.2) del cilindro hidráulico (1) se encuentran en la parte inferior de la máquina. 5. compensation -Device according to claims 1 and 2 ¬ tions wherein entries ali mentation ¬ (3,4) to the first (1.1) and second chamber (1.2) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) are in part bottom of the machine.
6. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ción 5 caracterizado porque la entrada de alimentación (5) a la tercera cámara (1.3) se encuentra en la parte superior del cilindro (1) . 6. -Device Counterweight according to claims 5 ¬ wherein the feed inlet (5) into the third chamber (1.3) located on the top of the cylinder (1).
7. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ciones 1 y 2 caracterizado porque el cilindro hidráuli¬ co (1) consta de un conducto interior (1.5.1) que comunica la primera cámara (1.1) con la segunda (1.2) . 7. -Device Counterweight according to claims 1 and 2 ¬ tions wherein the cylinder hidráuli co ¬ (1) comprises an inner conduit (1.5.1) communicating the first chamber (1.1) with the second (1.2).
8. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindica¬ ción 1 caracterizado porque los depósitos acumuladores son seis (6,7,8,9,10,11) colocados en dos grupos de tres, conectados dos en serie (10,11) para alimentar la cámara con menor sección, o primera cámara (1.1), y cuatro en serie (6,7,8,9) para alimentar la cámara con mayor sección, o segunda cámara (1.2) . 8. compensation -Device according to claims 1 ¬ characterized in that the storage tanks are six (6,7,8,9,10,11) arranged in two groups of three, series connected two (10,11) to feed the camera with smaller section, or first camera (1.1), and four in series (6,7,8,9) to feed the camera with larger section, or second camera (1.2).
9. -Dispositivo de compensación según las reivindica¬ ciones anteriores caracterizado porque en el mismo punto de recorrido (Z) del cilindro hidráulico (1) la fuerza (F) en las cámaras (1.1,1.2,1.3) es la misma. 9. compensation -Device according to previous claims ¬ tions wherein the same waypoint (Z) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) the force (F) in the chambers (1.1,1.2,1.3) is the same.
10. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque la fuerza (F) varia uniformemente a lo largo de todo el recorrido (Z), extensión o recogida, del cilindro (1) . 10. - Compensation device according to claim 9 characterized in that the force (F) varies uniformly along the entire path (Z), extension or collection, of the cylinder (1).
11. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque la diferencia de fuerza (F) entre los extremos del recorrido del cilindro hidr¬ áulico (1) es función de la relación entre el fluido hidráulico desplazado y el volumen de los depósitos acumuladores . 11. -Device compensation according to claim 9 wherein the difference in strength (F) between the ends of hydraulic cylinder stroke áulico ¬ (1) is a function of the relationship between the displaced hydraulic fluid and the volume of the storage tanks.
12. -Dispositivo de compensación según la reivindicación 9 caracterizado porque la diferencia de fuerza (F) entre los extremos del recorrido del cilindro hidr¬ áulico (1) está entre 5 y 10%. 12. -Device compensation according to claim 9 wherein the difference in strength (F) between the ends of hydraulic cylinder stroke áulico ¬ (1) is between 5 and 10%.
PCT/ES2010/070675 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 Weight-compensating device for machine-tools WO2012052572A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2010/070675 WO2012052572A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 Weight-compensating device for machine-tools
ES201390028A ES2412630B1 (en) 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 WEIGHT COMPENSATION DEVICE FOR TOOL MACHINES

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2010/070675 WO2012052572A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 Weight-compensating device for machine-tools

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ305496B6 (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-10-29 České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta strojní, Ústav výrobních strojů a zařízení Compact driving unit with balancing vertical linear moving axes of machine tools
CN106312674A (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-01-11 福建省正丰数控科技有限公司 Magnetic suspension machining center counterweight system
CN115741209A (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-03-07 绍兴格洛博动力总成有限公司 Machine tool gravity balancing device and vertical stable machine tool

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4517853A (en) * 1981-02-16 1985-05-21 Toyama Machine Works, Limited Balancing device
US20070295697A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2007-12-27 Florian Braun Method for Controlling a Compensation Cylinder Unit, in Particular for a Welding Device and Associated Compensation Cylinder Unit
EP1880797A1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-23 Ross Europa GmbH Weight compensation device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4517853A (en) * 1981-02-16 1985-05-21 Toyama Machine Works, Limited Balancing device
US20070295697A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2007-12-27 Florian Braun Method for Controlling a Compensation Cylinder Unit, in Particular for a Welding Device and Associated Compensation Cylinder Unit
EP1880797A1 (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-01-23 Ross Europa GmbH Weight compensation device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ305496B6 (en) * 2014-08-08 2015-10-29 České vysoké učení technické v Praze, Fakulta strojní, Ústav výrobních strojů a zařízení Compact driving unit with balancing vertical linear moving axes of machine tools
CN106312674A (en) * 2016-10-31 2017-01-11 福建省正丰数控科技有限公司 Magnetic suspension machining center counterweight system
CN115741209A (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-03-07 绍兴格洛博动力总成有限公司 Machine tool gravity balancing device and vertical stable machine tool

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ES2412630B1 (en) 2014-05-09

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