WO2012051963A1 - 数据传输的方法和装置 - Google Patents

数据传输的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012051963A1
WO2012051963A1 PCT/CN2011/081101 CN2011081101W WO2012051963A1 WO 2012051963 A1 WO2012051963 A1 WO 2012051963A1 CN 2011081101 W CN2011081101 W CN 2011081101W WO 2012051963 A1 WO2012051963 A1 WO 2012051963A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tcp
data packet
data
tcpack
address
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PCT/CN2011/081101
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钟勇
白晨
Original Assignee
意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司 filed Critical 意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司
Priority to US13/880,110 priority Critical patent/US9467390B2/en
Priority to EP11833869.8A priority patent/EP2632102A4/en
Publication of WO2012051963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012051963A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50Queue scheduling
    • H04L47/62Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
    • H04L47/6245Modifications to standard FIFO or LIFO
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/19Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer
    • H04L47/193Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2466Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS using signalling traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/163In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for data transmission. Background technique
  • the existing Internet Internet mainly uses TCP (Transmit Control Protocol) / IP (Internet Protocol) to network and complete data transmission.
  • TCP protocol is a connection-oriented end-to-end protocol.
  • the application layer sends a data stream represented by 8-bit bytes for inter-network transmission to the TCP layer.
  • TCP splits the data stream into segments of appropriate length, and then transmits
  • the IP layer transmits the data packet to the TCP layer of the receiving end through the network.
  • TCP gives each byte a sequence number, and the sequence number is guaranteed to be received by the receiver at the receiving end.
  • the receiving end sends back a corresponding acknowledgement (ACK) to a set of TCP packets that have been successfully received and correctly verified.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the sender If the sender receives an ACK within a certain period of time, it will continue to send data; if the sender does not receive an ACK within a certain period of time, or receives three acknowledgments for a datagram before a datagram, then the corresponding data Will be re-transmitted.
  • TCP payload a TCP payload
  • TCP ACK an IP packet that receives the TCP ACK from the receiver
  • the length of the RTT is too long, which will affect the continuity of data transmission at the sender, which in turn affects the rate.
  • the current strategies mainly include:
  • the strategy is to adjust the parameters and mechanisms of the existing TCP/IP, and improve the TCP/IP data to some extent. Transmission performance, but this strategy has many limitations: First, parameter adjustment is often based on different application scenarios to achieve a certain effect, not a unified effect once and for all; Second, in the actual Internet, The host of each service node is uncontrollable, and it is difficult to modify the TCP/IP parameters.
  • the data of the TCP ACK queue with high priority is sent first when sending.
  • the strategy can reduce the round trip delay of data transmission and ensure the efficiency of data transmission.
  • the data of the TCP ACK queue is preferentially transmitted in a certain direction, because the bandwidth in the direction is Certainly, it will affect the transmission of non-TCPACK queue data to a certain extent, thus affecting the efficiency of data transmission in this direction. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for data transmission to solve the problem of low transmission efficiency in existing data transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method, including:
  • TCP/IP data packets include TCP payload data packets and TCP ACK; adjust according to the header information of TCP/IP data packets Cache the queue of TCP/IP packets; send the buffered TCP/IP packets after the queue is adjusted.
  • adjusting the queue of the buffered TCP/IP data packet includes: when there are two source and destination IP addresses, a TCP source port number, and a destination port in the cache.
  • the numbers correspond to the same TCPACK with the same acknowledgment number, one TCP ACK that has been received recently is retained, and another TCP ACK is deleted.
  • a TCP ACK recently received is inserted into the location of the top TCPACK of the deleted TCP ACK.
  • the queue for adjusting the buffered TCP/IP data packet further includes: when there are two TCP ACKs in the cache that have the same source and destination IP address, the TCP source port number, and the destination port number, and the same confirmation number, The latter TCP ACK is inserted into the adjacent location of the previous TCP ACK.
  • all TCPACKs are inserted before the TCP payload packet.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device for data transmission, including:
  • a data storage unit configured to perform a first-in first-out cache on the transmitted TCP/IP data packet, receive and cache the TCP/IP data packet to be sent, where the TCP/IP data packet includes a TCP payload data packet and a TCP acknowledgement Information TCPACK;
  • a packet information collecting unit configured to collect and provide a packet header information of the TCP/IP data packet in the buffered TCP/IP data packet queue to the data packet queue adjusting unit;
  • a packet queue adjusting unit configured to adjust a TCP/IP packet buffer queue in the data storage unit according to the information of the data packet information collecting unit.
  • the data packet header information collection unit includes: a TCP ACK collection module, an IP address collection module, a port number collection module, and a confirmation number acquisition module;
  • the TCP ACK collection module is configured to determine whether the buffered TCP/IP data packet is a TCP ACK, and notify the IP address collection module when the TCPACK is used;
  • the IP address collection module is configured to judge the IP source address and the destination address that are newly notified as the TCP ACK, and the IP source address and the destination address that are previously notified as the TCP ACK, and the IP source address and the destination address of the two TCP ACKs. When the same, notify the port number collection module;
  • the port number collection module receives the notification of the IP address collection module, and determines the TCP port numbers of the two TCPACKs. When the TCP source port and the destination port of the two TCP ACKs are the same, the acknowledgement number collection module is notified;
  • the acknowledgment number collecting module is configured to receive the notification of the port number collecting module, and notify the data packet queue adjusting unit of the comparison result of the two TCPACK acknowledgments;
  • the packet queue adjustment unit is configured to delete the previously notified TCP ACK when the comparison result is different from the confirmation number, and notify the IP address collection module.
  • the data packet queue adjusting unit is further configured to insert the latest notified TCP ACK into the adjacent location of the previous TCP ACK when the comparison result is the same as the acknowledgment number.
  • the data packet queue adjusting unit is further configured to insert the latest notified TCP ACK into the deletion location after deleting the previous TCP ACK.
  • the TCP ACK collection module is further configured to notify the data packet queue adjustment unit when it is determined that the TCP payload still exists in the cached data; the data packet queue adjustment unit places the TCP payload on all TCPACKs. after that.
  • the data transmission device is located in a network element or a mobile terminal on the data transmitting end side.
  • the embodiment of the present invention processes the IP packet of the TCPACK sent by the receiving end, greatly reduces the amount of TCPACK reply and preferentially transmits the IP packet of the TCP ACK, thereby shortening the round-trip delay of data transmission and avoiding unnecessary data weight. Pass, improve data transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a TCP/IP packet header defined by Ipv4;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a method of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus of the present invention. detailed description
  • the TCP/IP protocol to ensure that the packet arrives at the destination correctly.
  • the source continuously sends data to the destination, and the destination receives the source.
  • the end sends to the data, they use the TCP/IP packet header serial number and the acknowledgment number to indicate that the data bytes contained in the relevant packet have been received.
  • Destination termination When receiving the correct data from the source, it sends an IP packet with the acknowledgement TCPACK to the source, which is called TCPACK.
  • TCPACK the TCP/IP packet header structure defined by Ipv4 is shown in Figure 1, including IP source address and destination address, source port and destination port address, serial number, acknowledgment number, or payload data when there is a payload.
  • host A sends 10 bytes of session data to host B.
  • the TCP/IP header sent by host A includes the source address 1028, the destination address 23, the serial number 1, and the acknowledgment number 1. And the subsequent 10 data bytes.
  • host B successfully receives these session data, and does not send payload data to the source, sends a TCP ACK to host A, and the source and destination addresses are exactly the same as those sent by host A.
  • the sequence number is 1, indicating that the number of bytes transmitted to the peer, that is, the source, is 0; the acknowledgment number is 11, indicating the next byte that host B expects to receive.
  • Host A After receiving the TCP ACK of Host B, Host A knows that Host B has received all the bytes before the acknowledgment number, that is, 10 bytes before 11, and then continues to send data packets to Host B.
  • the sequence of TCP headers at this time The number is 11, indicating that the number of bytes that have been received to the peer in this session has been received.
  • the sequence number of the header of the TCP ACK returned is 1 and the confirmation number is 21.
  • an embodiment of the present invention constructs a queue buffer of a TCP/IP packet for buffering a TCP ACK and a TCP/IP packet with a payload (ie, an IP packet of TCP valid data), And the order of the packets defaults to first in, first out.
  • a payload ie, an IP packet of TCP valid data
  • Set a capacity for the cache During the receiving process, the TCP payload and the TCP ACK enter the buffer, and the TCP/IP packet queue is processed according to the source address and destination address and the acknowledgment number contained in the TCP ACK. And when the capacity reaches the set value, it is sent to the opposite end.
  • Packets entering the cache can be processed as follows:
  • the TCP ACK is generated immediately. If the source receives the three repeated TCP ACKs, the source sends the message to the segment. It is likely that it has been lost, so retransmission is required, so the repeated second and third TCP ACKs are found and forwarded as soon as possible to speed up the fast retransmission of the source data.
  • the confirmation number is different, it means correct reception.
  • the number of bytes has been updated.
  • the previous TCP ACK has an acknowledgment number of 21, and the TCP ACK has an acknowledgment number of 31, indicating that the first 30 bytes have been received correctly, and the previous segment in the queue has two of the first cases.
  • the more advantageous solution is to insert the new TCPACK of the top position of the deleted TCPACK, and confirm more peer data packets to the source end more quickly.
  • the confirmation number of the previous TCP ACK is 21, and the acknowledgement number of this TCP ACK is 31, indicating that the first 30 bytes have been correctly received, that is, the TCP indicating that the first 20 bytes have been correctly received can be deleted.
  • the ACK message is used to reduce the link load.
  • the TCP ACK deletion location is inserted into the new TCPACK, which can acknowledge the receiving of more data packets to the source end.
  • a specific implementation provided by the present invention when receiving a new TCP ACK, determines whether there is a TCP ACK in the cache queue with the same IP address and TCP/IP dynamic port as the newly received TCP ACK. Determine whether the data transmission is the same service between the same source and destination.
  • the port and address are not the same, put the new TCP ACK into the cache queue. If the port and address are the same, it is determined whether there is a TCPACK in the cache queue that is the same as the acknowledgment number of the newly received TCPACK.
  • the sender can Receive the message as soon as possible and retransmit as soon as possible.
  • the TCPACK with the same new TCPACK and the same one with the previous acknowledgement number can be marked as "duplicate”.
  • the result of the above determination is that there is no TCP ACK identical to the acknowledgment number of the newly received TCP ACK, all previous TCP ACKs identical to the newly received TCP ACK port and address are deleted. More preferably, the current newly received TCP ACK is inserted into the top deleted TCP ACK location. The response information of the correctly received data is transmitted to the source as early as possible.
  • the TCP ACK that is the same as the newly received TCP ACK port and address before the deletion may contain a TCP ACK marked as "duplicate", which is likely to be a message of "message lost, please retransmit", and also because of the update. The correct receipt of the response TCP ACK will not be sent to the source, avoiding the unnecessary retransmission of data.
  • the deleted TCPACK may also contain TCP ACKs that are not marked as "duplicate”. These responses are redundant because of the TCPACK with the new acknowledgment number, so deleting them can reduce the link load.
  • FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the present invention provides a more preferred solution, as shown in FIG.
  • the right half branch of the embodiment represented in FIG. 4 is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, that is, when a new TCP ACK is received and there is a TCP ACK with the same serial number and port number in the buffer queue.
  • the process is the same, except that there is no TCP ACK in the cached TCP/IP packet queue that is the same as the TCP port and IP address of the new TCP ACK received, or a TCP port or IP address exists in the new TCP ACK received.
  • the received TCP ACK is inserted before the TCP/IP data packet of all the payloads to preferentially transmit the TCP ACK, and the acknowledgement of the data sent by the source end is accelerated, thereby improving the data transmission rate of the source end.
  • Another solution is to determine whether there is payload data according to the TCP packet header. If yes, put all TCP ACKs before the TCP payload, and adjust the location of the TCP ACK in the queue according to the above judgment.
  • the above embodiments are more effective in improving transmission efficiency in the uplink and downlink asymmetric networks.
  • the actual measurement is performed in an uplink-downlink asymmetric network such as time-division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), and the buffer is only placed on the single-side terminal side, and the obtained measured data is shown in Table 1.
  • TD-SCDMA time-division synchronous code division multiple access
  • the uplink and downlink rates increase by as much as 20 to 100 times. It is worth noting that the uplink rate achieved by the present invention is higher than the uplink bandwidth of the network, for example, in an uplink bandwidth of 128 Kbps, the uplink rate is 0.14 Mbps; in an uplink bandwidth of 32 kbps, the uplink rate is 0.05 Mbps, etc. .
  • the reason is that the redundant TCP ACK is deleted in the above scheme, and the data displayed on the detecting computer is actually the original data generated by the receiving end before the puncturing.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for implementing the foregoing transmission method, which may be disposed in a mobile terminal, or may be located at a network element in a network side or in a process of data transmission, and a better solution is a core network server or mobile station located at a data sending end. In the terminal, or in the network element close to the sender.
  • the apparatus for data transmission provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • a data storage unit configured to cache a TCP/IP data packet in transit
  • a packet information collecting unit configured to collect and provide a header information of the buffered data packet to the data packet queue adjusting unit
  • the data packet queue adjusting unit is configured to adjust the data packet queue in the data storage unit according to the information of the data packet information collecting unit.
  • the packet header information collection unit includes: a TCP ACK collection module, determining whether the buffered data packet is a TCPACK, and notifying the IP address collection module when the TCPACK is a TCPACK;
  • the IP address collection module determines the source address and the destination address of the notified TCPACK. When the source address and the destination address of the two TCPACKs are the same, the port number collection module is notified;
  • the TCP port number collecting module receives the notification of the IP address collecting module, and judges the port numbers of the two TCPACKs. When the source port and the destination port of the two TCPACKs are the same, the acknowledgment number collecting module is notified;
  • the acknowledgment number collecting module receives the notification of the port number collecting module, and notifies the packet queue adjusting unit of the comparison result of the two TCP ACK acknowledgment numbers;
  • the packet queue adjustment unit deletes the previous TCP ACK when the comparison result is different from the confirmation number, inserts the latter TCP ACK into the deletion position, and notifies the IP address collection module to continue the judgment; when the comparison result is the confirmation number When the same, insert the next TCP ACK into the adjacent position of the previous TCP ACK, so that the TCP ACK information of "correctly received data" can be transmitted to the data source as early as possible. At the end, unnecessary data retransmission can be avoided, and link load can be reduced.
  • the TCP ACK collection module notifies the packet queue adjustment unit when it is determined that there is TCP/IP payload data other than the TCP ACK in the cache data; the packet queue adjustment unit places the TCP/IP payload data on all TCP ACKs. After that, in order to preferentially transmit the TCP ACK, the acknowledgment of sending data to the source is accelerated, thereby increasing the data transmission rate of the source.
  • the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is more Good implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including a plurality of instructions for making one
  • the terminal device performs the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的实施例提供一种数据传输的方法和装置,其中方法包括:建立TCP/IP数据包的缓存,TCP/IP数据包包括TCP有效载荷和TCPACK;根据TCP/IP数据包的包头信息,调整缓存TCP/IP数据队列;将调整后的缓存TCP/IP数据包进行发送。本发明的实施例对接收端发出的TCPACK的IP数据包进行处理,大限度减少TCPACK回复量并优先发送TCPACK的IP数据包,借此缩短数据发送的往返时延,提高数据传输效率。

Description

数据传输的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种数据传输的方法和装置。 背景技术
现有的 Internet互联网主要是通过 TCP(Transmit Control Protocol,传输控 制协议) /IP(Internet Protocol, 因特网协议)来进行组网并完成数据传输的。 TCP 协议是面向连接的端到端的协议,应用层向 TCP层发送用于网间传输的、用 8 位字节表示的数据流, 然后 TCP把数据流分割成适当长度的报文段, 之后传 给 IP层, 由 IP层通过网络将数据报文传送给接收端的 TCP层。 为了保证不 发生丟包, TCP给每个字节一个序号,通过序号保证传送到接收端的包的按序 接收。 接收端对已成功收到和校险正确的一组 TCP分组包发回一个相应的确 认 (ACK)。 如果发送端在一定时间内收到 ACK, 则它将继续发送数据; 如果 发送端在一定时间内未收到 ACK, 或者收到三个对于某个数据报之前数据报 的确认, 那么对应的数据将会被重传。
在实际的 TCP/IP传输中, 如果往返时延, 即发送端从发出某个带 TCP 有效载荷的 IP数据包(下称 TCP有效载荷)到从接收端收到该 TCP ACK的 IP数据包(下称 TCP ACK )这段时长 RTT太长, 将影响发送端数据发送的连 续性, 进而影响速率。 特别在非对称的网络, 比如 ADSL, 移动通信网等中, 在带宽小的方向上, 常常会因为带宽小而不得不累积大量数据造成拥塞,导致 TCP ACK不能及时地返回给发送端, 发送端会启动拥塞机制减慢传输速率, 从而使数据传输效率大大降低。
就如何提高 TCP/IP在非对称网络上用户面数据传输性能的问题,目前现 有的策略主要包括:
其一, 调整发送方和接收方的 TCP窗口大小, 增加发送方的初始发送窗 口, 限制发送方的速率, 调整最大数据传输单元的大小, 在发送方启用路径
MTU检测机制, 启用直接拥塞机制, 启用时间戳机制等方法。 该策略是对现 有的 TCP/IP进行参数和机制的相应调整,从一定程度上提高了 TCP/IP的数据 传输性能, 但该策略有很大的局限性: 首先, 参数调整往往是针对不同的应用 场景采用不同的参数组合才能达到一定的效果, 并非一劳永逸的统一效果; 其 次,在实际的 Internet互联网中,各服务节点主机是不可控的,要想修改 TCP/IP 参数很难实现。
其二, 在双向数据传输中, 建立两个不同优先级的传输队列: 优先级高 的队列緩存 TCPACK, 优先级低的队列则緩存非 TCP ACK数据。发送时先发 优先级高的 TCP ACK队列的数据。 该策略在数据双向传输情况下, 可以减少 数据传输的往返时延, 保证数据传输的效率。 但也有一定局限性: 首先, 如果 数据只是单向传输,接收端只有 TCPACK数据包发送给发送端,也即只有 TCP ACK 队列会緩存数据, 故不存在先发高优先级队列数据的情况, 如此, 发送 端数据传输的往返时延并不会因此得到改善,数据传输效率也得不到提高; 其 次, 如果数据为双向传输, 某方向上优先发送 TCP ACK队列的数据, 由于该 方向上带宽是一定的,那么一定程度上就会影响非 TCPACK队列数据的传输, 从而影响此方向上数据传输的效率。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种数据传输的方法和装置,用以解决现有的数据传 输中的传输效率不高的问题。
本发明实施例提供一种数据传输方法, 包括:
建立 TCP/IP数据包先进先出的緩存,接收并緩存待发送的 TCP/IP数据包, TCP/IP数据包包括 TCP有效载荷数据包和 TCP ACK; 根据 TCP/IP数据包的 包头信息,调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列; 将调整队列后的緩存 TCP/IP数据 包顺序进行发送。
较优的, 上述根据所述数据包中 TCP/IP数据包的包头信息, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列包括: 当緩存中存在两个源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口 号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确认号不同的 TCPACK时, 保留其中最近接收 到的一个 TCP ACK, 将另一个 TCP ACK删除。
较优的,将其中最近接收到的一个 TCP ACK插入至所述被删除 TCP ACK 中最靠前的 TCPACK的位置。 较优的, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列还包括: 当緩存中存在两个源和 目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确认号也相同的 TCP ACK时, 将后一个所述 TCP ACK插至前一个所述 TCP ACK的相邻位置。
较优的,当所述緩存队列中存在 TCP有效载荷数据包时,将所有 TCPACK 插至 TCP有效载荷数据包之前。
本发明实施例同时提供一种数据传输的装置, 包括:
数据存储单元, 用于对传输中的 TCP/IP数据包进行先进先出的緩存, 接 收并緩存待发送的 TCP/IP数据包, 所述 TCP/IP数据包包括 TCP有效载荷数 据包和 TCP确认信息 TCPACK;
数据包信息采集单元,用于对緩存 TCP/IP数据包队列中的 TCP/IP数据包 的包头信息进行收集并提供给数据包队列调整单元;
数据包队列调整单元,用于依照所述数据包信息采集单元的信息对所述数 据存储单元中的 TCP/IP数据包緩存队列进行调整。
较优的, 上述数据包包头信息采集单元包括: TCP ACK采集模块、 IP地 址采集模块、 端口号采集模块和确认号采集模块;
TCP ACK采集模块, 用于对緩存的 TCP/IP数据包是否为 TCP ACK进行 判断, 并在为 TCPACK时通知 IP地址采集模块;
IP地址采集模块, 用于对最新被通知为 TCP ACK的 IP源地址和目的地 址与之前被通知为 TCP ACK的 IP源地址和目的地址进行判断, 当两个 TCP ACK的 IP源地址和目的地址相同时, 通知端口号采集模块;
端口号采集模块,收到 IP地址采集模块的通知,对两个 TCPACK的 TCP 端口号进行判断, 当两个 TCP ACK的 TCP源端口和目的端口相同时, 通知确 认号采集模块;
确认号采集模块, 用于收到端口号采集模块的通知, 对两个 TCPACK确 认号的比对结果通知所述数据包队列调整单元;
数据包队列调整单元, 用于当所述比对结果为确认号不同时,将之前被通 知的 TCPACK删除, 并通知所述 IP地址采集模块。
较优的, 上述数据包队列调整单元还用于, 当比对结果为确认号相同时, 将最新被通知的 TCPACK插至之前 TCPACK的相邻位置。 较优的, 所述数据包队列调整单元还用于, 将之前 TCPACK删除之后将 最新被通知的 TCP ACK插至删除位置。
较优的,上述 TCP ACK采集模块还用于,当判断出緩存数据中还存在 TCP 有效载荷时,通知所述数据包队列调整单元; 所述数据包队列调整单元将 TCP 有效载荷置于所有 TCPACK之后。
较优的, 上述数据传输装置位于数据发送端侧的网元或移动终端中。 本发明的实施例对接收端发出的 TCPACK的 IP数据包进行处理,大限度 减少 TCPACK回复量并优先发送 TCP ACK的 IP数据包, 借此缩短数据发送 的往返时延, 避免不必要的数据重传, 提高数据传输效率。 附图说明
图 1为 Ipv4规定 TCP/IP数据包包头结构示意图;
图 2为本发明一方法实施方式的示意图;
图 3为本发明一方法实施例的流程图;
图 4为本发明另一方法实施例的流程图;
图 5为本发明一装置实施例的结构图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步具体描述。
首先描述一下 TCP/IP协议为保证数据包正确到达目的端的方式所进行的 规定: 对于同一连接, 即 IP源地址和目的地址相同的连接, 源端不断地向目 的端发送数据, 目的端接收源端发送到数据, 它们使用 TCP/IP数据包报头序 列号以及确认号来表示已经接收到包含在相关数据包中的数据字节。目的端接 收到源端的正确的数据时, 向源端发送确认信息 TCPACK的 IP数据包, 下称 TCPACK。如 Ipv4规定的 TCP/IP数据包包头结构示意图如图 1所示, 包括 IP 源地址和目的地址、 源端口和目的端口地址、 序列号、 确认号, 或者有有效荷 载时包含荷载数据等。
具体举例, 假设主机 A向主机 B发送 10个字节的会话数据, 主机 A发 送的 TCP/IP头包含源端地址 1028、 目的端地址 23、 序列号 1、 确认号 1 , 以 及后续的 10个数据字节。 假设主机 B成功收到这些会话数据, 且并不向源端 发送有效荷载数据, 向主机 A发送 TCP ACK, 源端和目的端地址正好与主机 A发送的相调换, 源地址 23、 目的端地址 1028; 序列号为 1 , 表示被传送到 对端即源端的字节数为 0; 确认号为 11 , 为指示主机 B期待接收的下一字节。 收到主机 B的 TCP ACK后, 主机 A得知主机 B已经收到确认号之前的所有 字节, 即 11之前的 10个字节, 于是继续向主机 B发送数据包, 此时 TCP报 头的序列号为 11 , 表明在这个会话中被传送到对端的已经接收到的字节数为 10。 依此类推, 如果主机 B仍能正确接收该段数据, 其回传的 TCP ACK的包 头的序列号即为 1 , 确认号为 21。
如图 2所示, 本发明的实施方式构建了一个 TCP/IP数据包的队列緩存, 用来緩存 TCP ACK以及带有有效载荷的 TCP/IP数据包(即 TCP有效数据的 IP数据包), 且数据包的顺序缺省为先进先出。 给緩存设定一个容量, 在接收 过程中, TCP有效载荷和 TCP ACK进入緩存, 并根据 TCP ACK中含带的源 地址和目的地址、 确认号等信息对 TCP/IP数据包队列进行相应处理, 并在容 量到达设定值时发给对端。
进入緩存的数据包可以根据下面的方式被处理:
1、 在新接收一个 TCPACK时, 如果緩存队列中存在与该 TCPACK的 IP 地址和端口号相同, 并且 TCPACK确认号也相同的 TCPACK, 将后接到的这 个 TCPACK插入到前一个确认号相同的 TCPACK相邻位置, 比如紧接其后, 同时可以将这两个 TCPACK都标记为重复。
因为根据 TCP/IP协议, 在目的端收到失序报文段时, 会立即产生 TCP ACK, 如果源端收到接收端发回到三个重复的 TCP ACK, 表示源端发送到该 报文段很可能已经丟失, 因而需要进行重传, 所以将重复的第二个、 第三个 TCP ACK找到并尽快前插, 以加速源端数据的快速重传。
2、 在新接收一个 TCPACK时, 如果緩存队列中存在与该 TCPACK的 IP 地址和端口号相同, 但确认号不相同的、 被标记为 "重复" 的 TCP ACK, 将 之前所有标记为 "重复"(当然, 地址和端口号相同)的 TCPACK删除, 并在 队尾放入此确认号不相同的最新接收到 TCP ACK。
如果源地址和目的地址以及端口号相同,但确认号不同,代表正确接收的 字节数有了更新, 比如上一个 TCP ACK的确认号为 21 , 这个 TCP ACK的确 认号为 31 , 表示前 30个字节已经正确接收, 而队列中的前段存在第 1种情况 中的两个或以上被标记为 "重复" 的 TCPACK消息, 确认号都为 21 , 本来有 可能形成 "前 20个字节的数据中有丟失, 请对端重传" 的信息, 而此时可以 排除前 20个字节可能丟失的怀疑, 将这些重复的 TCPACK删除。 并且, 更优 点方案是将删除 TCPACK的最靠前位置插入新的 TCPACK,更快的向对源端 确认更多的对端数据包。
3、 在新接收一个 TCPACK时, 如果緩存队列中存在与该 TCPACK的 IP 地址和端口号相同, 但确认号不相同, 且没有被标记为 "重复" 的 TCPACK, 将之前的 IP地址和端口号相同, 且确认序列号不相同的所有 TCP ACK删除, 并在最靠前的删除位置插入最新接收到的 TCPACK。
和上述 2类似, 比如上一个 TCP ACK的确认号为 21 , 这一个 TCP ACK 的确认号为 31 , 表示前 30个字节已经正确接收, 即可以删除表示前 20个字 节已经正确接收的 TCP ACK消息了,这样可以减少链路载荷。并且将 TCP ACK 的删除位置插上新的 TCPACK, 能更快的向源端确认接收更多的数据包。
本发明提供的一个具体实施例如图 3所示, 当接收到一个新的 TCP ACK 时, 判断緩存队列中是否存在与新收到的 TCP ACK相同 IP地址和 TCP/IP动 态端口的 TCP ACK, 来判断是否为同一源端和目的端之间的同一服务的数据 传输。
如果端口和地址不相同, 将该新的 TCP ACK放入緩存队列。 如果端口和 地址相同, 判断緩存队列中是否存在与该新收到的 TCPACK的确认号相同的 TCPACK。
如果存在, 将当前新接收到 TCP ACK前插至前一个确认号相同的 TCP ACK的相邻位置, 这样, 如果出现三个重复的确认号相同的 TCPACK代表相 关数据需要重传时, 发送端能尽快收到该消息并尽快重传。 同时, 可以将当前 新接收到的 TCPACK与前一个确认号相同的 TCPACK都标记为 "重复"。
如果上述判断的结果为不存在与新接收的 TCPACK的确认号相同的 TCP ACK, 则删除之前的与新接收的 TCP ACK端口和地址相同的所有 TCP ACK。 更优的, 将当前新接收到 TCP ACK插入到最靠前的被删除 TCP ACK位置, 使该正确接收数据的响应信息尽早传送到源端。
上述删除之前的与新接收的 TCP ACK端口和地址相同的 TCP ACK中, 可能包含被标记为 "重复" 的 TCP ACK, 原本很可能成为 "报文丟失, 请重 传" 的消息, 也因更新的正确接收响应 TCP ACK使其不会被发到源端, 避免 徒增不必要重传的数据。被删除的 TCPACK中也可能包含未被标记为 "重复" 的 TCPACK, 这些响应因为有了新的确认号的 TCPACK而变得多余, 所以将 其删除可减少链路载荷。
本发明另一实施例提供了一种更优的方案, 如图 4所示。
图 4所表现的实施例的右半分支与图 3表现的实施例相同,即当接收到一 个新的 TCPACK,且緩存队列中存在与之端口和地址相同,序列号不同的 TCP ACK时的操作过程相同, 区别在于, 在緩存 TCP/IP数据包队列中不存在与接 收到的新的 TCPACK的 TCP端口和 IP地址皆相同的 TCPACK, 或者在与接 收到的新的 TCPACK存在 TCP端口、 IP地址相同、确认号也相同的 TCPACK 并将后接收到 TCPACK插入前者的相邻位置这两种情况下, 判断该緩存队列 中是否存在有效载荷的 TCP/IP数据包。 当存在有效载荷的数据包时, 将接收 到的 TCP ACK插入到所有有效载荷的 TCP/IP数据包之前, 以优先传输 TCP ACK, 加快对源端发送数据的确认, 从而提高源端数据传输速率。
另一方案是, 根据 TCP数据包报头判断是否存在有效载荷的数据, 如果 存在, 将所有 TCPACK置于 TCP有效载荷之前, 并按上面的判断方式去调整 TCP ACK在队列中的位置。
上述实施方式在上下行非对称网络中更能有效改善传输效率。使用上述图 3表现的实施例以及其上述优选方案, 在时分同步码分多址 TD-SCDMA这种 上下行非对称网络中进行实测, 只在单侧终端侧安置緩存, 所得实测数据如表 1对比所示:
上行带宽 普通传输 本发明 传输方式
(下行均为 1.5M HSDPA) 上行速率 下行速率 上行速率 下行速率 上下行并 16kbps 13.9 kbps 5.8 kbps 21.5 kbps 584.9 kbps 行传输 32kbps 30.7 kbps 60.8 kbps 0.05Mbps 1.17Mbps
64kbps 62.6 kbps 72.5 kbps 0.08Mbps 1.48Mbps 128kbps 126.6 kbps 63.8 kbps 0.14Mbps 1.48Mbps 表 1
如表 1所示, 上下行速率尤其是下行速率提高幅度达 20 ~ 100倍之多。值 得注意的是, 本发明实现的上行速率, 高于网络的上行带宽, 如在上行带宽为 128Kbps的场景中, 上行速率为 0.14Mbps; 在上行带宽为 32kbps的场景中, 上行速率为 0.05Mbps等。 其原因在于上述方案中删除了多余的 TCP ACK, 而 检测计算机上显示的数据实为未删减之前的接收端产生的原始数据。
本发明提供实现上述传输方法的装置, 可以设在移动终端内部, 亦可设于 网络侧或是数据传输的过程中的某网元处,更佳方案是设于数据发送端的核心 网服务器或移动终端中, 或接近发送端的网元中。
如图 5所示, 本发明较佳实施例提供的数据传输的装置包括:
数据存储单元, 用于对传输中的 TCP/IP数据包进行緩存;
数据包信息采集单元,用于对緩存的数据包的报头信息进行收集并提供给 数据包队列调整单元;
数据包队列调整单元,用于依照上述数据包信息采集单元的信息对数据存 储单元中的数据包队列进行调整。
其中, 数据包报头信息采集单元包括: TCP ACK采集模块, 对緩存的数 据包是否为 TCPACK进行判断, 并在为 TCPACK时通知 IP地址采集模块;
IP地址采集模块,对被通知为的 TCPACK的源地址和目的地址进行判断, 当两个 TCPACK的源地址和目的地址相同时, 通知端口号采集模块;
TCP端口号采集模块,收到 IP地址采集模块的通知,对两个 TCPACK的 端口号进行判断, 当两个 TCPACK的源端口和目的端口相同时, 通知确认号 采集模块;
确认号采集模块, 收到端口号采集模块的通知, 对两个 TCP ACK确认号 的比对结果通知数据包队列调整单元;
数据包队列调整单元, 当比对结果为确认号不同时, 将前一个 TCP ACK 删除,将后一个 TCP ACK插至删除位置, 并通知 IP地址采集模块继续进行判 断; 当比对结果为确认号相同时, 将后一个 TCP ACK插至前一个 TCP ACK 的相邻位置, 这样可以使 "正确收到数据" 的 TCP ACK信息尽早传至数据源 端, 也可以避免不必要的数据重传, 更能减少链路载荷。
TCP ACK采集模块判断出緩存数据中还存在 TCP ACK之外的 TCP/IP有 效载荷数据时,通知所述数据包队列调整单元;数据包队列调整单元将 TCP/IP 有效载荷数据置于所有 TCP ACK之后, 以便优先传输 TCP ACK, 加快对源端 发送数据的确认, 从而提高源端数据传输速率。
通过以上的实施方式以及实施例的描述,本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了 解到本发明可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现,当然也可以通过 硬件, 但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。 基于这样的理解, 本发明的技术 方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出 来, 该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中, 包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备 执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以作出若干改进和润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要求 书
1. 一种数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
建立 TCP/IP数据包先进先出的緩存, 接收并緩存待发送的 TCP/IP数据 包,所述 TCP/IP数据包包括 TCP有效载荷数据包和 TCP确认信息 TCP ACK; 根据所述 TCP/IP数据包的包头信息, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列; 将调整队列后的緩存 TCP/IP数据包顺序进行发送。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述数 据包中 TCP/IP数据包的包头信息, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列包括: 当 緩存中存在两个源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确认号不同的 TCP ACK时, 保留其中最近接收到的一个 TCP ACK, 将另一 个 TCPACK删除。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述数 据包中 TCP/IP 包头信息, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列进一步包括: 当緩 存中存在两个源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确 认号也相同的 TCPACK时, 将其中最近接收到的一个 TCPACK插至前一个 所述源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确认号也相 同的 TCPACK的相邻位置。
4.根据权利要求 2或 3所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述保留其 中最近接收到的一个 TCP ACK进一步包括, 将所述最近接收到的一个 TCP ACK插入至所述被删除 TCPACK中最靠前的 TCPACK的位置。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 还包括, 当所述 緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列中存在 TCP有效载荷数据包时, 将所有 TCP ACK 插至所述 TCP有效载荷数据包之前。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述数 据包中 TCP/IP数据包包头信息, 调整緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列包括: 当緩 存中存在两个源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确 认号也相同的 TCPACK时, 将其中最近接收到的一个 TCPACK插至前一个 所述源和目的 IP地址、 TCP源端口号、 目的端口号均对应相同、 确认号也相 同的 TCPACK的相邻位置。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的数据传输方法, 其特征在于, 还包括, 当所述 緩存 TCP/IP数据包的队列中存在 TCP有效载荷数据包时, 将所有 TCP ACK 插至所述 TCP有效载荷数据包之前。
8.一种数据传输的装置, 其特征在于包括,
数据存储单元, 用于对传输中的 TCP/IP数据包进行先进先出的緩存, 接 收并緩存待发送的 TCP/IP数据包, 所述 TCP/IP数据包包括 TCP有效载荷数 据包和 TCP确认信息 TCPACK;
数据包信息采集单元, 用于对緩存 TCP/IP数据包队列中的 TCP/IP数据 包的包头信息进行收集并提供给数据包队列调整单元;
数据包队列调整单元, 用于依照所述数据包信息采集单元的信息对所述 数据存储单元中的 TCP/IP数据包緩存队列进行调整。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据包包头 信息采集单元包括: TCPACK采集模块、 IP地址采集模块、 端口号采集模块 和确认号采集模块;
TCPACK采集模块,用于对緩存的 TCP/IP数据包是否为 TCPACK进行 判断, 并在为 TCPACK时通知 IP地址采集模块;
所述 IP地址采集模块, 用于对最新被通知为 TCPACK的 IP源地址和目 的地址与之前被通知为 TCP ACK的 IP源地址和目的地址进行判断, 当两个 TCPACK的 IP源地址和目的地址相同时, 通知端口号采集模块;
所述端口号采集模块, 收到 IP地址采集模块的通知, 对所述两个 TCP ACK的端口号进行判断, 当所述两个 TCP ACK的 TCP源端口和目的端口相 同时, 通知确认号采集模块;
所述确认号采集模块,用于收到端口号采集模块的通知,对所述两个 TCP ACK确认号的比对结果通知所述数据包队列调整单元;
所述数据包队列调整单元, 用于当所述比对结果为确认号不同时, 将所 述之前被通知的 TCPACK删除, 并通知所述 IP地址采集模块。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据包队 列调整单元还用于, 当所述比对结果为确认号相同时, 将所述最新被通知的 TCPACK插至所述之前被通知的 TCPACK的相邻位置。
11.根据权利要求 9或 10所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据 包队列调整单元还用于,将所述之前被通知的 TCPACK删除之后将所述最新 被通知的 TCPACK插至删除位置。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述 TCPACK 采集模块还用于, 当判断出緩存数据中还存在 TCP有效载荷数据包时, 通知 所述数据包队列调整单元; 所述数据包队列调整单元将 TCP有效载荷数据包 置于所有 TCP ACK之后。
13. 根据权利要求 8 所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述数据包包 头信息采集单元包括: TCPACK采集模块, IP地址采集模块, 端口号采集模 块, 确认号采集模块;
TCPACK采集模块, 用于对所述緩存的 TCP/IP数据包是否为 TCPACK 进行判断, 并在为 TCPACK时通知 IP地址采集模块;
所述 IP地址采集模块, 用于对最新被通知为 TCPACK的 IP源地址和目 的地址与之前被通知为 TCP ACK的 IP源地址和目的地址进行判断, 当两个 TCPACK的 IP源地址和目的地址皆相同时, 通知端口号采集模块;
所述端口号采集模块, 收到 IP地址采集模块的通知, 对所述两个 TCP ACK的 TCP端口号进行判断,当所述两个 TCPACK的 TCP源端口和目的端 口相同时, 通知确认号采集模块;
所述确认号采集模块,用于收到端口号采集模块的通知,对所述两个 TCP ACK确认号的比对结果通知所述数据包队列调整单元;
所述数据包队列调整单元, 用于当比对结果为确认号相同时, 将所述最 新通知的 TCPACK插至所述之前被通知 TCPACK的相邻位置。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在于, 所述 TCPACK 采集模块还用于, 当判断出所述緩存数据中还存在 TCP有效载荷数据包时, 通知所述数据包队列调整单元; 所述数据包队列调整单元将 TCP有效载荷数 据包置于所有 TCPACK之后。
15. 根据权利要求 8、 9、 13 中任一项所述的数据传输装置, 其特征在 于, 所述装置位于数据发送端侧的网元或移动终端中。
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