WO2012035913A1

WO2012035913A1 - Marine propulsion apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2012035913A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/068152
Authority: WO
Inventors: 鍵本　良実; 陽秋山
Original assignee: 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date: 2010-09-15
Filing date: 2011-08-09
Publication date: 2012-03-22
Also published as: KR20120120457A; TW201223826A; JP2012061938A; CN102844235A

Abstract

Provided is a marine propulsion apparatus in which an increase in the size of gear shapes and an increase in propulsion resistance can be minimized and a propulsion apparatus having greater output can be obtained. An azimuth propulsion device (1A) is configured so that driving force is transmitted to a vertical drive shaft (9) through an inboard bevel gear unit (6) from an inboard horizontal drive shaft (8) linked to a motor (5), and the driving force is further transmitted from the vertical drive shaft (9) to an in-pod horizontal drive shaft (10) through an in-pod bevel gear unit (7) to drive a propeller (3), wherein the vertical drive shaft (9) comprises a hollow outer drive shaft (9a) provided with bevel gears (6b, 7b) at the upper and lower ends of the shaft, and an inner drive shaft (9b) provided with bevel gears (6c, 7c) at the upper and lower ends of the shaft and disposed inside the outer drive shaft (9a). Meshed engagement is established between the bevel gears (6b, 6c) and the bevel gear (6a) of the inboard horizontal drive shaft (8), as well as between the bevel gears (7b, 7c) and the bevel gear (7a) of the in-pod horizontal drive shaft (10), forming two driving force transmission systems.

Description

Marine propulsion device

The present invention relates to a marine propulsion device using a bevel gear as a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of a prime mover installed in a ship to a propeller.

In recent years, the use of azimuth propelling devices has increased as marine propulsion devices. The azimuth propulsion unit is equipped with a propeller on a pod that rotates 360 degrees in the horizontal direction. Unlike propulsion with a fixed-axis propeller and rudder, the azimuth propelling device can move the ship in any direction and maintain the current position accurately. can do.
In such azimuth propulsion devices, the propeller is driven by mechanically transmitting the power of the prime mover installed in the ship, and the propeller is driven by supplying electric power generated in the ship to the electric motor installed in the pod. There is a method.

Some of the azimuth propelling devices described above include a ladder that rotates integrally with the pod.
As shown in FIG. 5, the azimuth propelling device 1 is used by being attached to the stern of the ship S, for example. As shown in FIG. 6, the azimuth propelling device 1 includes a pod 2, a propeller 3, and a ladder 4.

The ladder 4 in this case has a ladder shape in the horizontal section, and includes an upper strut 4a including a connecting shaft portion with the ship S, and a lower strut 4b extending below the pod 2 and having a similar ladder cross section. Has been. The part below the upper strut 4a, that is, the pod 2 provided with the ladder 4 and the propeller 3 can be integrally rotated with respect to the ship S by a turning device (not shown) (see arrow R in the figure). .
A prime mover 5 is installed in the ship S, and the power of the prime mover 5 is transmitted to the propeller 3 through two sets of

bevel gear units

6 and 7.

In this case, the motive power of the prime mover 5 is converted into a vertical driving force by the bevel gear unit 6 disposed in the ship, and is further converted by the bevel gear unit 7 disposed in the pod 2. The driving force in the vertical direction is converted into the horizontal direction and transmitted to the propeller 3. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes an inboard horizontal drive shaft, 9 denotes a vertical drive shaft, and 10 denotes a pod horizontal drive shaft.
Patent Document 1 below discloses a fully swivel counter-rotating propulsion device having a mechanism for driving two propellers from one power source. In this propeller drive mechanism, the horizontal drive shaft disposed in the casing is a counter-rotating shaft composed of an inner propeller shaft and an outer propeller shaft.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-24896

By the way, in the ship which attached the conventional azimuth propelling apparatus mentioned above, when driving a propeller using ship power, the bevel gear unit is used in order to change the power transmission direction of a drive shaft. However, when increasing the output to increase the output of the azimuth propelling device, the bevel gear is inevitably increased in size, making it difficult to process and obtain the bevel gear.
When the bevel gear incorporated in the azimuth propulsion device becomes larger, the shape of the propulsion device itself becomes larger accordingly and the propulsion resistance increases.

From such a background, in a marine propulsion device such as an azimuth propulsion device that drives a propeller using inboard power, even when the output is increased to suppress the increase in the shape of the bevel gear or the like. At the same time, it is desirable to suppress an increase in propulsion resistance due to an increase in the size of the propulsion device itself.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is for a marine vessel capable of increasing the output of a propulsion device while minimizing an increase in gear shape and increase in propulsion resistance. Providing a propulsion device.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
A marine propulsion device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a driving force transmission mechanism that transmits inboard power to a propeller of a pod using a bevel gear unit that converts a power transmission direction of a driving shaft, and the driving force transmission mechanism includes: The driving force is transmitted from the inboard horizontal drive shaft connected to the inboard power to the vertical drive shaft through the inboard bevel gear unit, and further from the vertical drive shaft through the in-pod bevel gear unit. In the marine propulsion device that transmits the driving force to a horizontal drive shaft to drive the propeller, the vertical drive shaft includes a hollow outer drive shaft provided with bevel gears at both upper and lower ends, and bevel teeth at both upper and lower ends. A bevel gear provided on the upper end of the inner drive shaft and the bevel gear of the inboard horizontal drive shaft. Meshed with gears And the bevel gear of the horizontal drive shaft in the pod and the bevel gear provided at the lower end of the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft are meshed to form two drive force transmission systems. .

According to such a marine propulsion device, the vertical drive shaft is disposed inside the outer drive shaft by providing a hollow outer drive shaft having bevel gears at both upper and lower ends and bevel gears at both upper and lower ends. The inner drive shaft is configured to mesh the bevel gear of the inboard horizontal drive shaft with the outer drive shaft and the bevel gear provided at the upper end of the inner drive shaft, and the umbrella of the horizontal drive shaft in the pod. Since the toothed gear is engaged with the outer drive shaft and the bevel gear provided at the lower end of the inner drive shaft to form two drive force transmission systems, it is possible to reduce the size of the bevel gear by distributing the torque of the drive force. become. In particular, since the vertical drive shaft is made up of two driving force transmission systems, the bevel gears arranged in the ship and in the pod can be reduced in the root bending stress, etc., thereby reducing the size of the umbrella gear and promoting marine propulsion. The device itself can also be reduced in size.

In the above aspect, the pod includes a reversing propeller attached to the opposite side of the propeller in the axial direction, a bevel gear provided at a lower end portion of the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft, and a pod to which the reversing propeller is attached. The reversing propeller may be rotated by the driving force by meshing with a bevel gear provided at the inner end of the pod of the inner horizontal reversing shaft.

In the above aspect, the driving force transmission mechanism has inboard inversion power, a bevel gear provided at the upper ends of the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft, and an inboard horizontal inversion drive shaft connected to the inboard inversion power. The driving force may be transmitted to two driving force transmission systems formed by the vertical driving shaft by meshing with a bevel gear.

According to the present invention described above, since the two driving force transmission systems are formed on the vertical driving shaft, the bevel gear is reduced in size by the torque distribution of the driving force, and the pod in which the reduced bevel gear is disposed is included. The marine drive device can be downsized. For this reason, even when the output of the marine drive device is increased to increase the output, it is possible to minimize the increase in the size of the bevel gear, so that it is easy to process and obtain the bevel gear. Effects can be obtained. Furthermore, when the bevel gear incorporated in the pod can be reduced in size, it is possible to minimize the increase in the shape of the marine propulsion device itself, thereby suppressing an increase in propulsion resistance. .

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder as 1st Embodiment of the ship propulsion apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder as 2nd Embodiment of the ship propulsion apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder as 3rd Embodiment of the ship propulsion apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder as 4th Embodiment of the ship propulsion apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the ship which attached the ship propulsion apparatus (azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder) to the stern. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the prior art example regarding the ship propulsion apparatus (azimuth propelling apparatus with a ladder).

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a marine propulsion device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<First Embodiment>
First, a ship propulsion apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration example of an azimuth propelling device as an example of a marine propulsion device.

1A is a type of marine propulsion device that is used by being attached to the stern of a boat S or the like. This azimuth propelling device 1A mechanically transmits the power of the prime mover 5 installed in the ship S and drives the propeller 3 of the pod 2 attached to the hull via a ladder-shaped strut to generate a propulsive force. It is a device to obtain. This azimuth propelling device 1 </ b> A can change the propulsion direction with respect to the ship S by rotating the pod 2 integrally with a strut that functions as a ladder 4.

In this case, the strut also serves as the ladder 4 by providing an area in which the horizontal section has a ladder shape. That is, the ladder 4 has a ladder-shaped horizontal cross section, and includes an upper strut 4a including a connecting shaft portion with the ship S, and a lower strut 4b extending downward from the pod 2 and having a similar ladder cross-sectional shape. It is configured. The pod 2 provided with the ladder 4 and the propeller 3 which are parts below the upper strut 4a is rotated integrally with the ship S by a turning device (not shown).

The power of the prime mover 5 is transmitted to the propeller 3 through two sets of bevel gear units, that is, the inboard bevel gear unit 6 and the pod bevel gear unit 7.
In this case, in the inboard bevel gear unit 6 disposed in the ship, the bevel gear 6 a fixed to the other end of the inboard horizontal drive shaft 8 connected to the prime mover 5 is an outer drive that constitutes the vertical drive shaft 9. The driving force in the horizontal direction is converted into the vertical direction by meshing with the bevel gear 6b fixed to the upper end portion of the shaft 9a and the bevel gear 6c fixed to the upper end portion of the inner drive shaft 9b.

In the pod bevel gear unit 7 arranged inside the pod 2, a bevel gear 7 a fixed to the other end of the pod horizontal drive shaft 10 having the propeller 3 attached to one end and a vertical drive shaft 9 are configured. The vertical driving force is converted into the horizontal direction by meshing with the bevel gear 7b fixed to the lower end of the outer drive shaft 9a and the bevel gear 7c fixed to the lower end of the inner drive shaft 9b. 3 is transmitted.

That is, the above-described azimuth propelling apparatus 1A uses the inboard bevel gear unit 6 and the pod bevel gear unit 7 that change the power transmission directions of the inboard horizontal drive shaft 8, the vertical drive shaft 9, and the pod horizontal drive shaft 10. And a driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the output of the prime mover (inboard power) 5 installed in the ship to the propeller 3 of the pod 2. This driving force transmission mechanism transmits a driving force from the inboard horizontal drive shaft 8 connected to the prime mover 5 to the vertical drive shaft 9 through the inboard bevel gear unit 6, and further from the vertical drive shaft 9 to the pod inner bevel teeth. The propeller 3 is driven by transmitting a driving force to the horizontal driving shaft 10 in the pod via the gear unit 7.

The vertical drive shaft 9 of this embodiment includes a hollow outer drive shaft 9a provided with

bevel gears

6b and 7b at both upper and lower ends, and

bevel gears

6c and 7c provided at both upper and lower ends, and the inside of the outer drive shaft 9a. It has an inner / outer double shaft structure constituted by an inner drive shaft 9b disposed in the inner space.
As a result, the bevel gear 6a of the inboard horizontal drive shaft 8 meshes with the

bevel gears

6b and 6c provided at the upper ends of the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b, and the umbrella of the horizontal drive shaft 10 in the pod is engaged. By engaging the toothed gear 7a with the

bevel gears

7b and 7c provided at the lower ends of the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b, two drive force transmission systems are formed.

In this way, the driving force transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force from the prime mover 5 to the propeller 3 includes the outer drive shaft 9a and the vertical drive shaft 9 that connects the inboard bevel gear unit 6 and the pod bevel gear unit 7. Since the inner / outer double shaft structure consisting of the inner drive shaft 9b is adopted, the meshing portion of the bevel gear has two power transmission systems that transmit power via the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b. The torque distribution of the driving force becomes possible.

Such torque distribution of the driving force enables miniaturization of the bevel gears 6a to 6c and 7a to 7c constituting the driving force transmission system. In other words, the torque distribution of the driving force reduces the root bending stress of the bevel gears 6a to 6c, 7a to 7c, etc., so that the gear can be miniaturized and processed and obtained easily.
The miniaturization of the bevel gears 6a to 6c and 7a to 7c means the miniaturization of the components installed in the pod 2, so the umbrella gears 7a to 7c disposed in the pod 2 are miniaturized. Accordingly, the external shape of the pod 2 can be reduced. Since the pod 2 is located in the sea, downsizing the pod 2 is effective for reducing the propulsion resistance of the azimuth thruster 1A.

<Second Embodiment>
Then, 2nd Embodiment is described based on FIG. 2 about the ship propulsion apparatus which concerns on this invention. Parts similar to those of the azimuth propelling apparatus 1A of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The azimuth propelling apparatus 1B shown in FIG. 2 includes a reversing propeller 3A in which the pod 2 is attached to the propeller 3 on the opposite side in the axial direction. The reversing propeller 3A is attached to one end of the in-pod horizontal reversing shaft 10A. The in-pod horizontal drive shaft 10 and the in-pod horizontal inversion shaft 10A are disposed on the same horizontal axis.

A bevel gear 7d constituting the bevel gear unit 7A is attached to the other end of the horizontal inverting shaft 10A in the pod so as to face the bevel gear 7a in the opposite direction.
The bevel gear 7d meshes with a bevel gear 7b provided at the lower end of the outer drive shaft 9a and a bevel gear 7c provided at the lower end of the inner drive shaft 9b. The bevel gear 7b provided at the lower end portion of the outer drive shaft 9a and the bevel gear 7c provided at the lower end portion of the inner drive shaft 9b are the horizontal drive shaft 10 in the pod to which the propeller 3 is attached, as in the above-described embodiment. Is also meshed with a bevel gear 7a provided on the other end side of the gear.

In the azimuth propulsion device 1B configured as described above, the driving force of the prime mover 5 installed in the ship is transmitted to the propeller 3 and the reversing propeller 3A via the driving force transmission mechanism, so that the propeller 3 rotates in the forward direction and the reversing propeller 3A. Reverses in the opposite direction of rotation.
By providing such a reversing propeller 3A, the energy of the rotational component generated by one propeller is recovered by the other propeller, so that the counter torque applied to the hull can be offset, Propeller efficiency can be improved.

Even in this case, the driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force from the prime mover 5 to the propeller 3 and the reversing propeller 3A is provided on the outer side of the vertical drive shaft 9 that connects the inboard bevel gear unit 6 and the pod bevel gear unit 7A. By adopting an inner / outer double shaft structure comprising the drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b, the meshing portion of the bevel gear has two power transmission systems that transmit power via the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b. Therefore, torque distribution of driving force effective for miniaturization of the bevel gears 6a to 6c and 7a to 7d becomes possible.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a marine propulsion device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Parts similar to those of the

azimuth thrusters

1A and 1B of the embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The driving force transmission mechanism of the azimuth propelling apparatus 1C shown in FIG. 3 includes a reversing prime mover 5A that outputs inboard reversing power. The reversing motor 5A is connected to one end of an inboard horizontal reversing shaft 8A, and a bevel gear 6d constituting the inboard bevel gear unit 6A is attached to the other end. The inboard horizontal drive shaft 8 and the inboard horizontal inversion 8A are arranged on the same horizontal axis, and the prime mover 5 and the prime mover 5A output a driving force that rotates in the opposite direction on the same axis.

A bevel gear 6d constituting the bevel gear unit 6A is attached to the other end side of the inboard horizontal inversion shaft 8A so as to face the bevel gear 6a in the opposite direction.
The bevel gear 6d meshes with a bevel gear 6b provided at the upper end of the outer drive shaft 9a and a bevel gear 6c provided at the upper end of the inner drive shaft 9b. The bevel gear 6b provided at the upper end portion of the outer drive shaft 9a and the bevel gear 6c provided at the upper end portion of the inner drive shaft 6b are inboard horizontal drive connected to the prime mover 5 as in the above-described embodiment. It also meshes with a bevel gear 6a provided on the other end side of the shaft 8.

In the azimuth propulsion device 1C configured as described above, the driving forces of the prime mover 5 and the reversal prime mover 5A installed in the ship are transmitted to the propeller 3 via the driving force transmission mechanism, and the propeller 3 is rotated by the two prime movers.
Even in this case, the driving force transmission mechanism for transmitting the driving force from the prime mover 5 and the reversing prime mover 5A to the propeller 3 is connected to the vertical drive shaft 9 connecting the inboard bevel gear unit 6A and the pod bevel gear unit 7 on the outer side. Since the inner / outer double shaft structure comprising the drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b is adopted, the meshing portion of the bevel gear includes two power transmission systems that transmit power via the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b. Accordingly, the torque distribution of the driving force effective for downsizing the bevel gears 6a to 6d and 7a to 7c is possible.

<Fourth Embodiment>
Finally, a marine propulsion device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Portions similar to those of the azimuth propelling devices 1A to 1C of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
An azimuth propelling apparatus 1D shown in FIG. 4 is a combination of the second and third embodiments described above, and includes a reversing propeller 3A and a reversing prime mover 5A.

In the azimuth propulsion device 1D configured as described above, the driving forces of the prime mover 5 and the reversing prime mover 5A installed in the ship are transmitted to the propeller 3 and the reversing propeller 3A via the driving force transmission mechanism, and the propeller 3 and the reversing propeller 3A are transmitted by the two prime movers. The reversing propeller 3A is rotated.
Also in this case, the driving force transmission mechanism that transmits the driving force from the prime mover 5 and the reversing prime mover 5A to the propeller 3 and the reversing propeller 3A is a vertical drive shaft that connects the inboard bevel gear unit 6A and the pod bevel gear unit 7A. 9 employs an inner / outer double shaft structure comprising an outer drive shaft 9a and an inner drive shaft 9b, so that the meshing portion of the bevel gear transmits two powers via the outer drive shaft 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b. Accordingly, the power transmission system is provided, and therefore torque distribution of the driving force effective for miniaturization of the bevel gears 6a to 6d and 7a to 7d becomes possible.

According to the above-described embodiments, since the two driving force transmission systems are formed on the vertical driving shaft 9 having the inner and outer double shaft structures, the driving force (inboard power) of the prime mover 5 installed in the ship is used as the outer driving shaft. The azimuth thruster including the pod 2 in which the bevel gear constituting the bevel gear unit is miniaturized and the miniature bevel gear is disposed by being torque-distributed to the two axes 9a and the inner drive shaft 9b. It is also possible to reduce the size of the (marine drive device).
For this reason, the azimuth propulsion device of the marine drive device can minimize the increase in the size of the bevel gear even when the output is increased to increase the output. Therefore, the processing and availability of the bevel gear are facilitated, and further, the miniaturization of the bevel gear incorporated in the pod 2 reduces the shape of the propulsion device itself and reduces the propulsion resistance.

The vertical drive shaft 9 having the above-described inner / outer double shaft structure allows a drive force transmission phase shift, such as a structure in which the shaft is partially narrowed to allow torsional deformation or a structure in which a coupling is interposed. It is desirable to provide a mechanism.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.

1A to 1D azimuth propulsion device (marine propulsion device)
2 Pod 3 Propeller 3A Inverted propeller 4 Ladder (Strut)
5 prime mover (inboard power)
5A Inverting motor (inboard power)
6,6A Inboard

bevel gear unit

7,7A In-pod bevel gear unit 8 Inboard horizontal drive shaft 8A Inboard horizontal inversion shaft 9 Vertical drive shaft 9a Outer drive shaft 9b Inner drive shaft 10 In-pod horizontal drive shaft 10A In-pod horizontal inversion axis

Claims

A drive force transmission mechanism that transmits inboard power to the propeller of the pod using a bevel gear unit that converts the power transmission direction of the drive shaft,
The driving force transmission mechanism transmits the driving force from an inboard horizontal drive shaft connected to the inboard power to an vertical drive shaft through an inboard bevel gear unit, and further from the vertical drive shaft to an in-pod bevel gear. In the marine propulsion device that drives the propeller by transmitting the driving force to the horizontal drive shaft in the pod through the unit,
The vertical drive shaft is composed of a hollow outer drive shaft provided with bevel gears at both upper and lower ends, and an inner drive shaft provided with bevel gears at both upper and lower ends and disposed inside the outer drive shaft. And
The bevel gear of the horizontal drive shaft in the ship and the bevel gear provided on the outer drive shaft and the upper end of the inner drive shaft are meshed, and the bevel gear of the horizontal drive shaft in the pod and the outer drive shaft And a marine propulsion device in which two drive force transmission systems are formed by meshing with a bevel gear provided at the lower end of the inner drive shaft.
The pod comprises a reversing propeller mounted on the opposite side of the propeller in the axial direction;
The drive is performed by meshing a bevel gear provided at the lower end of the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft with a bevel gear provided at the pod inner end of the horizontal reversing shaft in the pod to which the reversing propeller is attached. The marine propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the reversing propeller is rotated by force.
The driving force transmission mechanism has inboard inversion power,
The vertical drive shaft is formed by meshing the bevel gears provided at the upper ends of the outer drive shaft and the inner drive shaft with the bevel gears of the horizontal inversion drive shaft connected to the inboard inversion power. The marine propulsion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the driving force is transmitted to two driving force transmission systems.