WO2012034364A1 - 无线局域网切换方法及系统 - Google Patents

无线局域网切换方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012034364A1
WO2012034364A1 PCT/CN2011/070212 CN2011070212W WO2012034364A1 WO 2012034364 A1 WO2012034364 A1 WO 2012034364A1 CN 2011070212 W CN2011070212 W CN 2011070212W WO 2012034364 A1 WO2012034364 A1 WO 2012034364A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal strength
access point
switching
remaining time
unit
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PCT/CN2011/070212
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马海蓉
张晓峰
李超
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012034364A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012034364A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/324—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00835—Determination of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00838—Resource reservation for handover

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless network technologies, and in particular, to a wireless local area network switching method and system. Background technique
  • the wireless communication terminal accesses the Internet through the access point, and each wireless communication terminal can only connect with one access point at the same time, and the coverage of each access point is limited, which causes the user to Switching is required when one access point area moves to another access point area.
  • the wireless communication terminal continuously detects the network signal strength in the wireless local area network to determine whether it is still within the range of the current access point (AP), when it is determined that the current range is not present or the signal is weakened to
  • AP current access point
  • the handover procedure is initiated, but the handover procedure takes a long time.
  • reducing the handover delay and speeding up the handover speed are a problem to be solved.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wireless local area network switching method and system to reduce handover delay.
  • the present invention provides a wireless local area network switching method, and the method includes:
  • the wireless communication terminal acquires and reports status information to the access point
  • the access point estimates the remaining time of the handover according to the state information reported by the wireless communication terminal, and notifies the neighboring access point to perform handover preparation when the estimated handover remaining time is less than or equal to the preset notification time threshold .
  • the wireless communication terminal determines that the signal strength trend is weak, reporting the status information, or the access point determines that the signal strength is weak, and predicts the remaining time of the handover.
  • the wireless communication terminal acquires and reports status information including a current location, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength to an access point; and the step of the access point estimating the remaining time of the handover includes: the access point according to the terminal The correspondence between the distance from the access point and the signal strength, the current position, and the signal strength determine the moving distance from the current position to the position to be switched in the moving direction, and then estimate the remaining time according to the reported moving speed.
  • the correspondence between the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength is dynamically established or dynamically established according to the reported status information.
  • the wireless communication terminal obtains a current position by using a GPS module, and the acceleration sensor obtains acceleration information to calculate a moving speed, and obtains a moving direction by using an electronic compass.
  • the present invention also provides a wireless local area network switching system, where the system includes a wireless communication terminal and an access point, where
  • the wireless communication terminal includes an information acquisition unit, and an information reporting unit connected to the information acquisition unit, the information acquisition unit is configured to acquire state information, and the information reporting unit is configured to report the acquired status information to The access point;
  • the access point includes an estimation unit and a notification unit connected to the estimation unit, and the estimation unit is configured to estimate a handover remaining time according to status information reported by the wireless communication terminal, where the notification unit is configured The neighboring access point in the mobile direction is notified to perform handover preparation when the estimated handover remaining time is less than or equal to the preset notification time threshold.
  • the wireless communication terminal further includes an intensity trend determining unit connected to the information acquiring unit and the information reporting unit, where the intensity trend determining unit is configured to determine a signal strength trend according to the acquired state information;
  • the reporting unit reports the acquired status information when the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the access point further includes an intensity trend determining unit connected to the estimating unit, where the intensity trend determining unit is configured to determine a signal strength trend according to the acquired state information; The signal strength trend is estimated to reduce the remaining time when switching.
  • the status information includes a current position, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength
  • the estimating unit estimates the remaining time of the switching according to the following manner: according to the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength Relationship, current position, and signal strength, determined from the current direction of movement The moving distance of the position to the position to be switched, and the remaining time of the switching is estimated according to the determined moving distance and the reported moving speed.
  • the information acquiring unit includes a signal strength detecting module, a GPS module, an acceleration sensor, an electronic compass, and a moving speed calculator connected to the acceleration sensor, wherein the signal strength detecting module is configured to detect a signal of the current wireless local area network.
  • the GPS module is configured to acquire a current position
  • the acceleration sensor is configured to obtain acceleration information
  • the electronic compass is configured to acquire a moving direction
  • the moving speed calculator is configured to calculate a moving speed using the acceleration information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless communication access device, which is applied to a wireless local area network switching system, and the device includes:
  • An estimating unit configured to estimate a remaining time of switching according to status information acquired and reported by the wireless communication terminal in the wireless local area network
  • the notification unit is configured to be connected to the estimating unit, and is further configured to notify the access point in the moving direction to perform the switching preparation when the remaining time of the switching is estimated to be less than or equal to the preset notification time threshold.
  • the estimating unit is configured to be configured according to the acquired status information that is reported when the wireless communication terminal determines that the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the access device further includes an intensity trend determining unit connected to the estimating unit, where the intensity trend determining unit is configured to determine a signal strength trend according to the acquired state information; The switching remaining time is estimated only when the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the status information includes a current location, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength
  • the estimating unit is configured to estimate the remaining time of the handover according to the following manner: according to the terminal and the access device a distance between the distance and the signal strength, a current position, and a signal strength, determining a moving distance from the current position to a position to be switched in the moving direction, and estimating the moving distance according to the determined moving distance and the moving speed The remaining time is switched.
  • the present invention collects state information from the wireless communication terminal and reports it to the current access point, and the current access point estimates the remaining time of the handover according to the state information reported by the wireless communication terminal, and the remaining time of the handover is less than a preset notification time.
  • the neighboring access point is notified to prepare for switching, thereby effectively reducing Switching delays, improving switching efficiency and improving the user experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless local area network switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless local area network switching embodiment provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an estimated switching provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the remaining time;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of estimating a remaining time of switching in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wireless local area network switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of a wireless local area network switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is still another schematic diagram of a wireless local area network switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless communication terminal When the wireless communication terminal enters the wireless local area network, it will continuously detect the strength of the network signal to determine whether it is still within the range of the AP. This is a passive mode of operation. If the AP can obtain the status information of the wireless communication terminal, the preparation of the IP release, the IP allocation, and the like can be prepared in advance, so that the wireless communication terminal can quickly and efficiently switch the AP during the mobile process to ensure the absence of the WIFI network handover process. Sew switch.
  • the main idea of the wireless local area network switching method and system is that the wireless communication terminal collects the status information and reports it to the current access point, and the current access point estimates the remaining time according to the status information reported by the wireless communication terminal, and When the remaining time of the switch is less than a preset notification time threshold, the neighboring access point is notified to prepare for handover, thereby effectively reducing the handover delay, improving the switching efficiency, and improving the user experience.
  • the wireless local area network switching method of the present invention includes: Step 101: The wireless communication terminal acquires and reports status information to the access point.
  • Wireless communication terminals are increasingly becoming an indispensable communication tool in people's daily life.
  • various sensors such as GPS, accelerometers, and electronic compasses
  • many information of wireless communication terminals can be obtained by the terminal itself, for example.
  • the location of the terminal, the speed of motion, the direction of motion, and the acceleration, etc. can bring many benefits to the network, providing more accurate information on the network side.
  • the status information may be raw data collected by the wireless communication terminal or processed intermediate data.
  • the wireless communication terminal integrates an acceleration sensor and an electronic compass, collects acceleration information using an acceleration sensor, and calculates a moving speed, and uses an electronic compass to collect the data. Move direction information.
  • the acceleration sensor and the electronic compass focus on the information in the horizontal direction.
  • the method for obtaining the current signal strength of the wireless communication terminal is the same as that of the prior art, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 102 The access point estimates the remaining time of the handover according to the state information reported by the wireless communication terminal, and notifies the neighboring access point to switch when the estimated remaining time of the handover is less than or equal to the preset notification time threshold. ready.
  • the access point In order to reduce the amount of calculation and increase the credibility of the estimated value, and increase the effectiveness of estimating the remaining time of the handover, the access point only determines when the signal strength trend is weakened (that is, the terminal is getting farther away from the access point). Estimate the remaining time of the handover, or, when the terminal determines that the signal strength is weak, then the status information is added.
  • the estimated remaining time of the switch may have different implementation manners according to the specific meaning of the state information.
  • the state information includes a current location, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength
  • the estimating unit estimates the remaining time of the switching.
  • the method includes: determining, according to a distance between the terminal and the access point and a signal strength, a current position, and a signal strength, a moving distance from the current position to a need to switch in the moving direction, according to the determined moving distance and the reported The moving speed is estimated to switch the remaining time.
  • the correspondence between the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength is pre-established or dynamically established based on the reported status information.
  • the terminal A can obtain the position information, the moving speed, the moving direction and the like information of the terminal according to the GPS module, the acceleration sensor, and the electronic compass, and can obtain the signal strength information of the WIFI network.
  • the present invention implements Examples include the following steps:
  • Step 201 The terminal A obtains the current position, the moving speed, and the moving direction according to the self-locating device (such as the GPS module), the acceleration sensor, the electronic compass, etc., if the current moving speed is lOOm/min, and the current moving direction is EAST (Zhengdong). ;
  • the self-locating device such as the GPS module
  • the acceleration sensor such as the acceleration sensor
  • the electronic compass etc.
  • Step 202 Terminal A detects that there is a WIFI network nearby, and detects that the current signal strength is -20 dbm, corresponding to the network access point API;
  • Step 203 The terminal A sends the foregoing information to the currently corresponding access point API.
  • Step 204 The access point API obtains the status information of the terminal A and assigns an IP number to the terminal A, so that the wireless communication terminal obtains the IP number to implement network access.
  • Step 205 The access point API determines that the signal strength trend is weakened according to the obtained state information.
  • the access point API determines the signal strength trend according to the signal strength or position information obtained twice before, for example, the signal strengths of the two signals are -10 dBm and -20dbm, the signal strength trend is judged to be weak.
  • Step 206 The access point API estimates the remaining time of the handover according to the obtained state information and the pre-established correspondence between the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength.
  • the access point AP 1 knows that when the distance between the terminal and the access point increases by 100 m, the signal strength decreases by -2 dbm, and it is assumed that -26 dbm cannot guarantee normal WIFI communication, assuming that the terminal and the access point are
  • the correspondence between distance and signal strength is shown in the following table:
  • the wireless access point estimates whether the terminal is still within the range of the access point according to the signal strength, moving speed and moving direction of the terminal, and determines whether it is close to the edge of the access point, if the access is fast.
  • the edge of the point informs the neighboring access point that it is ready to assign an IP number to the pre-entry terminal.
  • the wireless access point API determines the current signal according to the correspondence between the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength, and the current position and signal strength of the terminal A.
  • the difference between the distance corresponding to the intensity and the distance corresponding to the signal strength at the time of switching is from the current position in the EAST direction to the moving distance when the switching is required, and then the remaining time is estimated based on the reported moving speed, and the terminal A is estimated to be after 3 minutes. That is, you can no longer use the access point.
  • t is the estimated switching remaining time, as shown in Figure 3, a is the distance from the terminal A to the API, b is the distance from the API to the edge B point that needs to be switched, is the moving speed, is the moving direction of the terminal, and the terminal.
  • the angle between the connection of A and the API, the angle of the angle can be calculated according to the parameters of the API position, the position and the moving direction of the terminal A, and there are many calculation methods, which will not be described here.
  • Step 207 If the preset notification time threshold is 2 minutes, the API notifies the neighboring AP2 in the EAST direction when there is still a 2-minute handover, and the terminal A is about to enter the range of the AP2, and notifies the AP2 to perform the handover preparation. , such as preparing to allocate IP, etc.
  • Step 208 When the handover time is approached, the communication between the terminal A and the API has become quite deteriorated, but the signal strength of the AP2 is detected to be close to -26 dbm, and the API is ready to be disconnected from the terminal A, and the allocated IP number is reclaimed. AP2 is ready to establish a connection with A and has pre-allocated a new IP number.
  • Step 209 At the estimated switching time, the communication between the terminal A and the API is completely disconnected, the communication between AP2 and A has been established, and A continues to complete the access of the network through the access point AP2.
  • the communication between the terminal A and the API is completely disconnected, the communication between AP2 and A has been established, and A continues to complete the access of the network through the access point AP2.
  • the terminal A uses the electronic compass to collect the moving direction, and the terminal A can also use the position information of the GPS positioning twice before and after to determine the moving direction and the signal strength trend, thereby estimating the moving distance and switching the remaining. time.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless local area network switching system.
  • the system includes a wireless communication terminal and an access point, where
  • the wireless communication terminal includes an information acquiring unit 501, and an information reporting unit 502 connected to the information acquiring unit 501, the information acquiring unit 501 is configured to acquire state information; the information reporting unit 502 is configured to acquire The status information is reported to the access point;
  • the access point includes an estimating unit 503 and a notification unit 504 connected to the estimating unit 503, and the estimating unit 503 is configured to estimate a switching remaining time according to the status information reported by the wireless communication terminal,
  • the notification unit 504 is configured to notify the neighboring access point in the moving direction to perform handover preparation when the estimated handover remaining time is less than the preset notification time threshold.
  • the WLAN access point has the functionality to perform IP assignment, wireless access, etc. for devices within range of the access point.
  • the wireless communication terminal includes an intensity trend determining unit 601 connected to the information acquiring unit 501 and the information reporting unit 502, and the intensity trend determining unit 601 is configured to be based on the acquired state information.
  • the signal strength trend is determined; the information reporting unit 502 reports the acquired state information when the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the access point includes an intensity trend determining unit 701 connected to the estimating unit 503, and the strength trend determining unit 701 is configured to determine a signal strength trend according to the acquired state information.
  • the estimating unit 503 estimates the switching remaining time only when the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the estimated remaining time of the switch may have different implementation manners according to the specific meaning of the state information.
  • the state information includes a current location, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength, and the estimating unit 503 predicts the remaining handover.
  • the time specific includes: determining, according to the distance between the terminal and the access point and the signal strength, the current position, and the signal strength, the moving distance from the current position to the need to switch in the moving direction, according to the determined moving distance and reporting The moving speed is estimated to switch the remaining time.
  • the information acquiring unit 501 includes a signal strength detecting module, a GPS module, an acceleration sensor, an electronic compass, and a moving speed calculator connected to the acceleration sensor, wherein the signal strength detecting module is configured to detect a signal of the current wireless local area network.
  • the GPS module is configured to acquire a current position
  • the acceleration sensor is configured to obtain acceleration information
  • the electronic compass is configured to acquire a moving direction
  • the moving speed calculator is configured to calculate a moving speed using the acceleration information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless communication access device, which is applied to a wireless local area network switching system, and the device includes:
  • An estimating unit configured to estimate a remaining time of switching according to status information acquired and reported by the wireless communication terminal in the wireless local area network
  • the notification unit is configured to be connected to the estimating unit, and is further configured to notify the access point in the moving direction to perform the switching preparation when the remaining time of the switching is estimated to be less than or equal to the preset notification time threshold.
  • the estimating unit is configured to be configured according to the acquired status information that is reported when the wireless communication terminal determines that the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the access device further includes an intensity trend determining unit connected to the estimating unit, where the intensity trend determining unit is configured to determine a signal strength trend according to the acquired state information; The switching remaining time is estimated only when the signal strength trend is weak.
  • the status information includes a current location, a moving speed, a moving direction, and a signal strength;
  • the estimating unit is configured to estimate the remaining time of the handover according to the following manner: according to the terminal and the access device The correspondence between the distance and the signal strength, the current position, and the signal strength, determining the moving distance from the current position to the position to be switched in the moving direction, according to the determined location The moving distance and the moving speed above are estimated as the switching remaining time.
  • the terminal device actively reports the acquired state information, so that the WLAN access point effectively monitors the motion state of the network device, and predicts the remaining time of the handover, so that the current access point can notify the neighboring access.
  • Point advance preparation for handover such as provisioning IP allocation, pre-allocation of wireless access points, and monitoring of wireless communication terminals, such that access and disconnection of wireless communication terminals at the access point increases predictability and accuracy, thereby improving
  • the speed of connection establishment and disconnection reduces the handover delay, ensures the network stability of the current access device, improves the switching efficiency, and improves the user's service experience.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a wireless local area network switching method and system to reduce handover delay and speed up handover.
  • All or part of the steps of the method of the present invention may be accomplished by a program instructing the associated hardware, such as a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk. All or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each module/unit in the above embodiment may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software function module.
  • the present invention is easy to implement for current multimedia services and QoS, and thus has industrial applicability.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种无线局域网切换方法及系统，该方法包括：无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点；所述接入点根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间，并在预估切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阈值时通知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切换准备。本发明无线局域网切换方法及系统可以有效减少切换时延。

Description

无线局域网切换方法及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及无线网络技术， 尤其涉及一种无线局域网切换方法及系统。 背景技术
基于现有无线局域网技术， 无线通信终端通过接入点接入互联网， 每个 无线通信终端同时只能和一个接入点连接，并且每个接入点的覆盖范围有限， 这就导致用户在从一个接入点区域移动到另外一个接入点区域时需要进行切 换。
现有的切换机制中， 无线通信终端在无线局域网中不停地检测网络信号 强度来确定自己是否还在当前接入点（Access Point, AP )的范围内， 当确定 不在当前范围或信号减弱到需要切换时， 发起切换流程， 但该切换流程需要 较长时间， 对于要求日益提高的多媒体服务以及 QoS而言， 减少切换时延， 加快切换速度是一个有待解决的问题。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是， 提供一种无线局域网切换方法及系统， 以 减少切换时延。
为解决以上技术问题， 本发明提供一种无线局域网切换方法， 该方法包 括：
无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点；
所述接入点根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间， 并在预估切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向上邻近 的接入点进行切换准备。
可选地， 所述无线通信终端确定信号强度趋势为减弱时， 上报状态信息， 或所述接入点确定信号强度为减弱时预估切换剩余时间。
可选地， 在所述无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点的步骤中， 所述无线通信终端是获取并上报包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号 强度的状态信息给接入点； 所述接入点预估切换剩余时间的步骤包括： 所述 接入点根据终端与接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及 信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 进 而根据上报的移动速度预估切换剩余时间。
可选地， 预先建立或根据上报的状态信息动态建立所述终端与接入点之 间的距离和信号强度的对应关系。
可选地， 所述无线通信终端利用 GPS模块获得当前位置， 加速度传感器 获得加速度信息进而计算得到移动速度， 利用电子罗盘获得移动方向。
为解决以上技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种无线局域网切换系统， 该系 统包括无线通信终端和接入点， 其中，
所述无线通信终端包括信息获取单元， 以及与所述信息获取单元连接的 信息上报单元， 所述信息获取单元， 设置成获取状态信息； 所述信息上报单 元， 设置成将获取的状态信息上报给所述接入点；
所述接入点包括预估单元及与所述预估单元连接的通知单元， 所述预估 单元设置成根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间， 所述 通知单元， 设置成在预估切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阈值时通知 移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切换准备。
可选地， 所述无线通信终端还包括与所述信息获取单元及信息上报单元 连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元， 设置成根据获取的状态 信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述信息上报单元在信号强度趋势为减弱时上报获 取的状态信息。
可选地， 所述接入点还包括与所述预估单元连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元， 设置成根据获取的状态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所 述预估单元仅在信号强度趋势为减弱时预估切换剩余时间。
可选地， 所述状态信息包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度， 所述预估单元按以下方式预估切换剩余时间： 根据终端与接入点之间的距离 和信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前 位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 根据确定的移动距离以及上报的移动速 度预估切换剩余时间。
可选地， 所述信息获取单元包括信号强度检测模块、 GPS模块、 加速度 传感器、 电子罗盘及与所述加速度传感器连接的移动速度计算器， 其中信号 强度检测模块， 设置成检测当前无线局域网的信号强度， 所述 GPS模块设置 成获取当前位置； 所述加速度传感器设置成获得加速度信息， 所述电子罗盘 设置成获取移动方向； 所述移动速度计算器设置成利用加速度信息计算移动 速度。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种无线通信接入装置， 应用于无线局域网切 换系统， 所述装置包括：
预估单元， 其设置成根据所述无线局域网中的无线通信终端获取并上报 的状态信息预估切换剩余时间；
通知单元， 其设置成与所述预估单元连接， 还设置成在预估所述切换剩 余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切 换准备。
可选地， 所述预估单元是设置成根据所述无线通信终端在判断信号强度 趋势为减弱时上报的所获取到的状态信息。
可选地，所述接入装置还包括与所述预估单元连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元设置成根据获取的状态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述 预估单元是设置成仅在所述信号强度趋势为减弱时预估所述切换剩余时间。
可选地， 所述状态信息包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度； 所述预估单元设置成按以下方式预估所述切换剩余时间： 根据所述终端 与所述接入装置之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 根据确定的所 述移动距离以及上 的所述移动速度预估所述切换剩余时间。
本发明由无线通信终端釆集状态信息并上报给当前接入点， 由当前接入 点根据无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间， 并在切换剩余时间 小于某个预设通知时间阔值时， 通知邻近接入点进行切换准备从而有效减少 切换时延， 提高切换效率， 改善用户的业务体验。 附图概述
图 1是本发明的实施例所提供的无线局域网切换方法的示意图； 图 2是本发明所提供的为无线局域网切换实施例的流程示意图； 图 3是本发明的实施例所提供的预估切换剩余时间的示意图；
图 4是本发明的实施例中预估切换剩余时间的示意图；
图 5是本发明的实施例所提供的无线局域网切换系统的示意图； 图 6是本发明的实施例所提供的无线局域网切换系统的另一示意图； 以 及
图 7是本发明的实施例所提供的无线局域网切换系统的又一示意图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
无线通信终端进入无线局域网网络会不停地检测网络信号强度来确定自 己是否还在 AP的范围内， 这是一种被动式的工作模式。 如果 AP能够获得无 线通信终端的状态信息， 即可以提前做好 IP的释放、 IP的分配等准备工作， 进而使得无线通信终端在移动过程中快速高效的切换 AP, 保证 WIFI网络切 换过程中的无缝切换。
为了达成这种高效的、主动的工作模式， AP如何获得无线通信终端的状 态信息成为解决问题的关键。 由终端釆集并上报状态信息是一个易于实现且 行之有效的方法。
本发明无线局域网切换方法及系统的主要思想是， 由无线通信终端釆集 状态信息并上报给当前接入点， 由当前接入点根据无线通信终端上报的状态 信息预估切换剩余时间， 并在切换剩余时间小于某个预设通知时间阔值时， 通知邻近接入点进行切换准备， 从而有效减少切换时延， 提高切换效率， 改 善用户的业务体验。
本发明无线局域网切换方法， 如图 1所示， 该方法包括: 步骤 101 : 无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点；
无线通信终端日益成为人们日常生活中必不可少的通信工具，随着 GPS、 加速度传感器， 电子罗盘等各种传感器的应用越来越广泛， 无线通信终端的 很多信息都能由终端自身获得， 例如终端的位置、 运动速度、 运动方向及加 速度等等， 这些状态信息能够给带来很多好处， 能够提供网络侧更加精确的 信息。
状态信息可以是所述无线通信终端釆集的原始数据或加工过的中间数 据， 比如， 无线通信终端集成加速度传感器及电子罗盘， 使用加速度传感器 釆集加速度信息并计算移动速度， 使用电子罗盘釆集移动方向信息。
在本发明中， 加速度传感器和电子罗盘侧重于釆集水平方向的信息。 无线通信终端获取当前信号强度的方法与现有技术相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤 102: 接入点根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余 时间， 并在预估切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向 上邻近的接入点进行切换准备。
为了减少计算量及提高预估值可信度，增加预估切换剩余时间的有效性， 接入点仅在确定信号强度趋势为减弱 （也即终端离接入点越来越远） 时， 才 预估切换剩余时间， 或， 终端确定信号强度为减弱时， 再上 状态信息。
预估切换剩余时间可以根据状态信息的具体含义有多种不同的实现方 式， 优选地， 所述状态信息包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度， 所述预估单元预估切换剩余时间具体包括： 根据终端与接入点之间的距离和 信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位 置到需要切换时的移动距离， 根据确定的移动距离以及上报的移动速度预估 切换剩余时间。
所述终端与接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系是预先建立的或根 据上报的状态信息动态建立的。
应用实例 终端 A能够根据 GPS模块、加速度传感器， 电子罗盘测量得到终端自身 的位置信息、移动速度， 移动方向等信息， 并且能够获得 WIFI网络的信号强 度信息， 具体地， 如图 2所示， 本发明实施例包括如下步骤：
步骤 201 : 终端 A根据自定位器（如 GPS模块） 、 加速度传感器， 电子 罗盘等得到当前位置、 移动速度和移动方向， 如得到当前移动速度为 lOOm/min, 当前移动方向为 EAST (正东） ；
步骤 202: 终端 A检测到附近有 WIFI网络， 并检测到当前信号强度为 -20dbm, 对应的是网络接入点 API；
步骤 203： 终端 A向当前对应的接入点 API上才艮上述信息；
步骤 204: 接入点 API得到终端 A的状态信息给终端 A分配 IP号， 这 样无线通信终端获取 IP号即能够实现网络接入；
步骤 205: 接入点 API根据得到的状态信息判断信号强度趋势为减弱； 接入点 API 根据前后两次获得的信号强度或位置信息判断信号强度趋 势， 如前后两次信号强度分别为 -lOdbm和 -20dbm, 则判断信号强度趋势为减 弱。
步骤 206: 接入点 API根据得到的状态信息和预先建立的终端与接入点 之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系预估切换剩余时间；
接入点 AP 1根据自身训练的结果得知， 当终端与接入点之间的距离增加 100m, 信号强度递减 -2dbm,假设 -26dbm就无法保证正常的 WIFI通信， 假设 终端与接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系如下表所示：
Figure imgf000008_0001
为简化起见， 上表数据为线性变化的， 可理解地， 实际环境中并非如此。 无线接入点根据自身的训练模型， 根据终端的信号强度、 移动速度和移 动方向预估终端是否仍在本接入点范围内， 判断是否快接近本接入点边缘， 如果快进入本接入点边缘则通知临近接入点准备为预进入终端分配 IP号。
H没终端 A以不变的速度不变的方向一直移动，无线接入点 API根据终 端与接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、 以及终端 A当前位置、 信号 强度， 确定当前信号强度对应的距离与需要切换时信号强度对应的距离之差 在 EAST方向上从当前位置到需要切换时的移动距离， 进而根据上报的移动 速度预估切换剩余时间，预估终端 A在 3分钟后即不能再继续使用该接入点。
以下给出一种预估切换剩余时间 t的计算公式：
t = (acosG + 1/2 x ^ 4a2 (cos θ)2 - 4a2 + 4b2 )/v
也即： t = (acos Θ + ( cos Θ)2 - a2 + b2 )/v
其中， t为预估的切换剩余时间，如图 3所示， a为终端 A到 API的距离， b为 API到需要切换的边缘 B点的距离， 为移动速度， 为终端的移动方 向和终端 A到 API的连线的夹角， 该夹角大小可才艮据 API位置， 终端 A的 位置及移动方向等参数计算得到， 计算方法有很多种， 在此不再赘述。
在本实施例中， 如图 4所示， 终端的移动方向与和终端 A到 API的连线 的夹角为 ， 根据以上公式可知， 预估切换剩余时间 t= (b )/v, 根据上表 中的对应关系， 500， α=200， 计算得到 ί=3分钟。
步骤 207: 若预设通知时间阈值为 2分钟， 则 API在预估还有 2分钟切 换的时候通知其在 EAST方向的相邻 AP2,有终端 A即将进入 AP2的范围内， 通知 AP2进行切换准备， 如准备分配 IP等。
步骤 208:在接近切换时间时，终端 A和 API的通信已经变得相当恶化， 但是检测到 AP2的信号强度快接近 -26dbm, 此时 API准备和终端 A进行断 开， 收回分配出的 IP号， AP2准备和 A建立连接， 并已经预分配好新的 IP 号。
步骤 209: 在预估切换时间， 终端 A和 API的通信完全断开， AP2和 A 已经建立了通信， A通过接入点 AP2继续完成网络的接入。 除以上给出的实施方式外， 通过变换具体的状态信息以及预先建立的或 动态建立的对应关系， 还有很多种不同得到预估切换剩余时间的具体实现方 式。
在以上应用实例中， 终端 A利用电子罗盘釆集移动方向， 可变换地， 终 端 A还可以利用前后两次的 GPS定位的位置信息确定移动方向及信号强度趋 势， 进而预估移动距离及切换剩余时间。
为了实现以上方法，本发明的实施例还提供了一种无线局域网切换系统， 如图 5所示， 该系统包括无线通信终端和接入点， 其中，
所述无线通信终端包括信息获取单元 501 , 以及与所述信息获取单元 501 连接的信息上报单元 502, 所述信息获取单元 501 , 设置成获取状态信息； 所 述信息上报单元 502, 设置成将获取的状态信息上报给所述接入点；
所述接入点包括预估单元 503 及与所述预估单元 503 连接的通知单元 504,所述预估单元 503设置成根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切 换剩余时间， 所述通知单元 504, 设置成在预估切换剩余时间小于预设通知 时间阔值时通知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切换准备。
可理解地， 无线局域网接入点具有完成对于该接入点范围内的设备的 IP 分配， 无线接入等功能。
为了提高预估的有效性， 对应提供以下两种方式：
方式一， 如图 6所示， 所述无线通信终端包括与所述信息获取单元 501 及信息上报单元 502连接的强度趋势判断单元 601 , 所述强度趋势判断单元 601 , 设置成根据获取的状态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述信息上报单元 502 在信号强度趋势为减弱时上报获取的状态信息。
方式二、 如图 7所示， 所述接入点包括与所述预估单元 503连接的强度 趋势判断单元 701 , 所述强度趋势判断单元 701 , 设置成根据获取的状态信息 判断信号强度趋势； 所述预估单元 503仅在信号强度趋势为减弱时预估切换 剩余时间。 预估切换剩余时间可以根据状态信息的具体含义有多种不同的实现方 式， 优选地， 所述状态信息包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度， 所述预估单元 503预估切换剩余时间具体包括： 根据终端与接入点之间的距 离和信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当 前位置到需要切换时的移动距离， 根据确定的移动距离以及上报的移动速度 预估切换剩余时间。
具体地， 所述信息获取单元 501包括信号强度检测模块、 GPS模块、 加 速度传感器、 电子罗盘及与所述加速度传感器连接的移动速度计算器， 其中 信号强度检测模块， 设置成检测当前无线局域网的信号强度， 所述 GPS模块 设置成获取当前位置； 所述加速度传感器设置成获得加速度信息， 所述电子 罗盘设置成获取移动方向； 所述移动速度计算器设置成利用加速度信息计算 移动速度。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种无线通信接入装置， 应用于无线局域网切 换系统， 所述装置包括：
预估单元， 其设置成根据所述无线局域网中的无线通信终端获取并上报 的状态信息预估切换剩余时间；
通知单元， 其设置成与所述预估单元连接， 还设置成在预估所述切换剩 余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切 换准备。
可选地， 所述预估单元是设置成根据所述无线通信终端在判断信号强度 趋势为减弱时上报的所获取到的状态信息。
可选地，所述接入装置还包括与所述预估单元连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元设置成根据获取的状态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述 预估单元是设置成仅在所述信号强度趋势为减弱时预估所述切换剩余时间。
可选地， 所述状态信息包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度； 所述预估单元设置成按以下方式预估所述切换剩余时间： 根据所述终端 与所述接入装置之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 根据确定的所 述移动距离以及上 的所述移动速度预估所述切换剩余时间。
本发明中， 终端设备的主动上报其获取的状态信息， 使得无线局域网接 入点对在网设备运动状态的进行有效监控， 通过预估切换剩余时间， 使得当 前接入点可以通知邻近的接入点提前进行切换准备， 如预备 IP分配， 无线接 入点的预分配和对无线通信终端的监控使得无线通信终端在接入点的接入和 断开都会增加预知性和准确性， 从而提高了连接建立和断开的速度， 减少了 切换时延， 保证了当前接入设备的网络稳定性， 提高了切换效率， 改善了用 户的业务体验。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成， 所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中， 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地， 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地， 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现， 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
工业实用性
本发明的实施例提供一种无线局域网切换方法及系统，以减少切换时延， 加快切换速度。
本发明的方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成， 所 述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中， 如只读存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应 地， 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用硬件的形式实现， 也可以釆用软件 功能模块的形式实现。 本发明对当前的多媒体服务以及 QoS而言易于实现， 因此具有工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种无线局域网切换方法， 包括：
无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点；
所述接入点根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间， 并在预估所述切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向上 邻近的接入点进行切换准备。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其中： 所述无线通信终端确定信号强度趋 势为减弱时， 上报状态信息， 或所述接入点确定信号强度为减弱时预估切换 剩余时间。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法， 其中： 在所述无线通信终端获取并上报状态信息给接入点的步骤中， 所述无线 通信终端是获取并上报包括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度的状 态信息给接入点； 所述接入点预估切换剩余时间的步骤包括： 所述接入点根据所述终端与 所述接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及信号强度， 确 定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 进而根据上报的 移动速度预估所述切换剩余时间。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的方法， 其还包括： 预先建立或根据上报的状态信 息动态建立所述终端与所述接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系。
5、 如权利要求 3 所述的方法， 其还包括： 所述无线通信终端利用 GPS 模块获得所述当前位置， 加速度传感器获得加速度信息进而计算得到所述移 动速度， 利用电子罗盘获得所述移动方向。
6、 一种无线局域网切换系统， 包括无线通信终端和接入点， 其中， 所述无线通信终端包括信息获取单元， 以及与所述信息获取单元连接的 信息上报单元， 所述信息获取单元设置成获取状态信息； 所述信息上报单元 设置成将获取的所述状态信息上报给所述接入点；
所述接入点包括预估单元及与所述预估单元连接的通知单元， 所述预估 单元设置成根据所述无线通信终端上报的状态信息预估切换剩余时间， 所述 通知单元设置成在预估所述切换剩余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阈值时通 知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切换准备。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的系统， 其中： 所述无线通信终端还包括与所述信 息获取单元及所述信息上报单元连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判 断单元设置成根据获取的状态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述信息上报单元在 所述信号强度趋势为减弱时上报获取的状态信息。
8、 如权利要求 6所述的系统， 其中： 所述接入点还包括与所述预估单元 连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元设置成根据获取的状态信 息判断信号强度趋势； 所述预估单元是设置成仅在所述信号强度趋势为减弱 时预估所述切换剩余时间。
9、 如权利要求 6至 8中任一项所述的系统， 其中： 所述状态信息包括当 前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度； 所述预估单元设置成按以下方式预估所述切换剩余时间： 根据所述终端 与所述接入点之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、 当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 根据确定的所 述移动距离以及上 的所述移动速度预估所述切换剩余时间。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的系统， 其中： 所述信息获取单元包括信号强度 检测模块、 GPS模块、 加速度传感器、 电子罗盘及与所述加速度传感器连接 的移动速度计算器， 其中信号强度检测模块设置成检测当前无线局域网的信 号强度， 所述 GPS模块设置成获取当前位置； 所述加速度传感器设置成获得 加速度信息， 所述电子罗盘设置成获取移动方向； 所述移动速度计算器设置 成利用加速度信息计算移动速度。
11、 一种无线通信接入装置， 应用于无线局域网切换系统， 所述装置包 括： 预估单元， 其设置成根据所述无线局域网中的无线通信终端获取并上报 的状态信息预估切换剩余时间；
通知单元， 其设置成与所述预估单元连接， 还设置成在预估所述切换剩 余时间小于或等于预设通知时间阔值时通知移动方向上邻近的接入点进行切 换准备。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的装置， 其中， 所述预估单元是设置成根据所述 无线通信终端在判断信号强度趋势为减弱时上报的所获取到的状态信息。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的装置， 其中， 所述接入装置还包括与所述预估 单元连接的强度趋势判断单元， 所述强度趋势判断单元设置成根据获取的状 态信息判断信号强度趋势； 所述预估单元是设置成仅在所述信号强度趋势为 减弱时预估所述切换剩余时间。
14、 如权利要求 11至 13中任一项所述的装置， 其中， 所述状态信息包 括当前位置、 移动速度、 移动方向及信号强度； 所述预估单元设置成按以下方式预估所述切换剩余时间： 根据所述终端 与所述接入装置之间的距离和信号强度的对应关系、当前位置以及信号强度， 确定在移动方向上从当前位置到需要切换的位置的移动距离， 根据确定的所 述移动距离以及上 的所述移动速度预估所述切换剩余时间。
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