WO2012029417A1 - 超音波診断装置及び評価算出方法 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/13—Tomography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B8/466—Displaying means of special interest adapted to display 3D data
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/8993—Three dimensional imaging systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
- G01S7/52042—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
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- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/467—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/483—Diagnostic techniques involving the acquisition of a 3D volume of data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52053—Display arrangements
- G01S7/52057—Cathode ray tube displays
- G01S7/52071—Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and an evaluation calculation method for displaying a three-dimensional elastic image indicating the hardness or softness of a biological tissue of a subject using ultrasonic waves.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus transmits an ultrasonic wave to a subject, receives a reflected echo signal from a living tissue inside the subject, and, for example, an ultrasonic wave such as a three-dimensional elastic image showing the hardness or softness of the living tissue
- an ultrasonic wave such as a three-dimensional elastic image showing the hardness or softness of the living tissue
- An image is generated and displayed on a monitor for diagnosis.
- a three-dimensional ultrasonic image such as a three-dimensional tomographic image or a three-dimensional elastic image is generated and displayed.
- it is required to improve the image quality of an ultrasonic image, such as improving the resolution of an image and reducing noise.
- Patent Document 1 proposes to construct a three-dimensional elastic image by synthesizing elastic image sections of the same displacement or pressure when constructing a three-dimensional elastic image by volume rendering of elastic volume data.
- a three-dimensional bullet image is constructed by synthesizing an elastic image with an elastic frame having a high correlation coefficient.
- elastic volume data is composed of 2D elastic frame data with the same compression amount (displacement) from a plurality of 2D elastic frame data acquired continuously.
- 3D elastic images are constructed by volume rendering.
- desired elastic frame data is selected from the elastic volume data to synthesize the elastic volume data, but it is not considered to evaluate the quality of the entire acquired elastic volume data.
- noise for example, a streak-like noise image
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to establish a method for evaluating the quality of elastic volume data and improve the quality of three-dimensional elastic images.
- the present invention collects a plurality of elastic frame data, and an elastic calculation unit that calculates elastic frame data representing an elastic distribution measured by three-dimensionally scanning an ultrasonic wave on a subject.
- An elastic volume generation unit that generates elastic volume data
- a three-dimensional elastic image configuration unit that forms a three-dimensional elastic image by volume rendering the elastic volume data
- a display unit that displays the three-dimensional elastic image
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a quality calculation unit that calculates a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data based on a frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data.
- volume evaluation value indicating the quality obtained as described above it is desirable to display the volume evaluation value indicating the quality obtained as described above on the display unit in association with the three-dimensional elasticity image. Thereby, it is possible to determine how high the quality of the displayed three-dimensional elasticity image is.
- the volume evaluation value indicating quality can be identified at a glance. Can contribute.
- the present invention is not limited to a three-dimensional elasticity image, but is a cross-sectional elasticity image that displays an orthogonal three-section elasticity image configured based on elasticity volume data or a multi-section elasticity image sliced with a plurality of parallel slices on the display unit.
- a configuration unit may be provided, and a display surface quality calculation unit may be configured to calculate a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of each cross-sectional elasticity image by the quality calculation unit and display the volume evaluation value on the display unit.
- the examiner can easily select the three-dimensional elastic image.
- high-quality 3D elastic images can be reconstructed and displayed, enabling high-level diagnostic support.
- the quality of the three-dimensional elastic image can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram showing the entire ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Block configuration diagram of the quality calculation unit of the first embodiment The figure explaining the process sequence of the characteristic part of Example 1.
- the figure explaining the process sequence of the characteristic part of Example 2 of this invention The figure explaining the process sequence of the characteristic part of Example 3 of this invention
- the figure explaining the process sequence of the modification of Example 3 of this invention The figure explaining the example of a display of the section elasticity picture of Example 4 of the present invention
- Block configuration diagram of the main part that realizes the display of the cross-sectional elasticity image of Example 4 of the present invention The figure which shows an example of the display method of the volume evaluation value which shows the quality of elastic volume data
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 includes an ultrasonic probe 102 that is used in contact with the subject 101, and a predetermined time interval between the subject 101 and the ultrasonic probe 102.
- the transmission unit 105 that repeatedly transmits ultrasonic waves
- the reception unit 106 that receives a reflected echo signal from the inside of the subject 101
- the transmission / reception control unit 107 that controls the transmission unit 105 and the reception unit 106
- the reception unit 106 And a phasing addition unit 108 for phasing and adding the reflected echoes.
- the ultrasonic probe 102 has a function of transmitting / receiving ultrasonic waves to / from the subject 101 via a vibrator.
- the ultrasound probe 102 is formed by arranging a plurality of transducers having a rectangular shape or a sector shape, and the ultrasound probe is arranged in a direction (minor axis direction) orthogonal to the arrangement direction (major axis direction) of the plurality of transducers. It is configured so that 102 can be mechanically shaken and ultrasonic waves can be used for 3D scanning.
- the ultrasonic three-dimensional scan is not limited to mechanically swinging the ultrasonic probe 102 in the short axis direction, but uses, for example, an ultrasonic probe 102 in which a plurality of transducers are two-dimensionally arranged.
- the ultrasonic wave may be electronically scanned in the minor axis direction.
- the transmission unit 105 generates a transmission pulse for driving the transducer of the ultrasonic probe 102 to generate ultrasonic waves.
- the transmission unit 105 has a function of setting a convergence point of transmitted ultrasonic waves to an arbitrary depth.
- the receiving unit 106 amplifies the reflected echo signal received by the ultrasonic probe 102 with a predetermined gain to generate an RF signal, that is, a received signal.
- the ultrasonic transmission / reception control unit 107 is for controlling the transmission unit 105 and the reception unit 106.
- the phasing / adding unit 108 generates RF signal frame data by controlling the phase of the RF signal amplified by the receiving unit 106 to form an ultrasonic beam corresponding to one or a plurality of convergence points.
- the RF signal frame data generated by the phasing addition unit 108 is stored in the data storage unit 109.
- the two-dimensional tomographic image construction unit 113 constructs a two-dimensional tomographic image based on the RF signal frame data stored in the data storage unit 109.
- the tomographic volume data generation unit 114 generates tomographic volume data by performing three-dimensional coordinate conversion on the two-dimensional tomographic image formed by the two-dimensional tomographic image construction unit 113 based on the acquisition position.
- the three-dimensional tomographic image construction unit 115 constructs a three-dimensional tomographic image by performing volume rendering based on the luminance and opacity of the tomographic volume data.
- the plurality of RF signal frame data stored in the data storage unit 109 is appropriately fetched by the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 to form a two-dimensional elasticity image.
- the two-dimensional elasticity image formed by the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 is taken into the elasticity volume data generation unit 117, and three-dimensional coordinate transformation is performed based on the acquisition position of the two-dimensional elasticity image to generate elasticity volume data.
- the three-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 118 performs volume rendering based on the elasticity value and the opacity of the elasticity volume data to constitute a three-dimensional elasticity image.
- the synthesis processing unit 119 synthesizes a two-dimensional tomographic image and a two-dimensional elastic image, or synthesizes a three-dimensional tomographic image and a three-dimensional elastic image.
- the display unit 120 displays the composite image synthesized by the synthesis processing unit 119 and the ultrasonic image of the two-dimensional tomographic image.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 100 includes a control unit 103 that controls each of the above-described components, and an operation unit 104 that performs various inputs to the control unit 103.
- the operation unit 104 includes a keyboard, a trackball, and the like. Yes.
- the two-dimensional tomographic image construction unit 113 captures the RF signal frame data output from the data storage unit 109 based on the setting conditions in the control unit 103, and performs gain correction, log compression, detection, contour enhancement, filter processing, etc. Signal processing is performed to construct a two-dimensional tomographic image.
- the ultrasonic probe 102 measures the transmission / reception direction ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) simultaneously with the transmission / reception of the ultrasonic wave.
- ⁇ is the scan angle in the major axis direction
- ⁇ is the scan (swing) angle in the minor axis direction.
- the tomographic volume data generation unit 114 generates tomographic volume data by performing three-dimensional conversion on a plurality of two-dimensional tomographic images based on the transmission / reception direction ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) corresponding to the acquisition position of the two-dimensional tomographic image.
- the 3D tomographic image construction unit 115 performs volume rendering using the following equations (1) to (3) that compose a 3D tomographic image from the tomographic volume data.
- a (i) Opacity [C (i)]-(3)
- C (i) is the luminance value of the i-th voxel on the line of sight when a 3D tomographic image is viewed from a certain point on the created 2D projection plane.
- Cout (i) is an output pixel value.
- Cout (i-1) indicates the integrated value up to the i-1th.
- a (i) is the opacity of the i-th luminance value existing on the line of sight, and is a tomographic opacity table (fault opacity table) that takes values from 0 to 1.0 as shown in equation (3). .
- the tomographic opacity table determines the contribution rate on the output two-dimensional projection plane (three-dimensional tomographic image) by referring to the opacity from the luminance value.
- S (i) is a weight component for shading calculated from the luminance C (i) and the gradient obtained from the surrounding pixel values.
- the normal of the surface centered on the light source and voxel i matches. In this case, 1.0 is given for the strongest reflection, and 0.0 is given when the light source and the normal line are orthogonal to each other.
- Aout (i) is accumulated and converges to 1.0 each time it passes through the voxel. Therefore, as shown in Expression (1), when the integrated value Aout (i-1) of the opacity up to the (i-1) th is approximately 1.0, the luminance value C (i) after the ith is the output image. It is not reflected in.
- the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 measures displacement from a plurality of RF signal frame data stored in the data storage unit 109.
- the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 has an elasticity calculation unit that calculates elasticity frame data representing an elasticity distribution measured by three-dimensionally scanning ultrasound on the subject 101. Then, the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 computes an elasticity value based on the measured displacement to construct a two-dimensional elasticity image.
- the elastic value is any elastic information such as strain, elastic modulus, displacement, viscosity, and strain ratio.
- the elastic volume data generation unit 117 performs three-dimensional conversion on a plurality of two-dimensional elastic images based on the transmission / reception direction ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) corresponding to the acquisition position of the two-dimensional elastic image, and generates elastic volume data.
- the three-dimensional elastic image construction unit 118 separates the elastic volume data into a plurality of pieces based on the elastic value, performs volume rendering on the separated elastic volume data, and forms a three-dimensional elastic image.
- FIG. 2 shows a block configuration diagram of the quality calculation unit 121.
- the quality calculation unit 121 basically detects the quality of the compression information or the quality of the three-dimensional elastic image, calculates the quality of the elastic volume data, and evaluates the quality.
- the quality to be detected autocorrelation, displacement, distortion, S / N ratio of distortion, etc. of a pair of tomographic frame data when calculating a two-dimensional elasticity image can be used. It is also possible to use the correlation of elastic frame data at the same position between a plurality of elastic volume data having different acquisition times.
- the quality calculation unit 121 includes a frame correlation processing unit 201, a frame displacement / distortion processing unit 203, a volume processing unit 205, and a quality calculation unit 207.
- the frame correlation processing unit 201 stores the autocorrelation between the pair of tomographic frame data used when the elastic frame data is calculated by the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116, and indicates the quality of the elastic frame data in units of frames. A frame evaluation value is calculated.
- the frame displacement / strain processing unit 203 stores the elasticity value (strain, elastic modulus, displacement, viscosity, strain ratio) and pressure calculated by the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 in association with the elasticity frame data, A frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data for each frame is calculated.
- the volume processing unit 205 obtains a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data by, for example, averaging the frame evaluation values calculated in units of frames in the frame correlation processing unit 201 and the frame displacement / distortion processing unit 203.
- a volume evaluation value is sufficient, but a plurality of volume evaluation values can also be obtained.
- the three-dimensional scan includes a plurality of operations for measuring tomographic frame data by performing an electronic scan in the major axis direction ( ⁇ ) while sliding the scan section in the minor axis direction ( ⁇ ).
- the tomographic frame data Fr.0-Fr.n of the frame is acquired.
- a mechanical scan or an electronic scan may be applied as the scan in the minor axis direction ( ⁇ ).
- the motor can be controlled at a low speed or a high speed.
- the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116 estimates the displacement distribution of the living tissue by performing an autocorrelation calculation between a pair of adjacent tomographic frame data Fr.0 and Fr.1, for example.
- the tomographic volume data generation unit 114 in FIG. It is also possible to estimate the displacement distribution of the living tissue by performing an autocorrelation operation between the frame data Fr.0 and the tomographic frame data Fr.0 acquired in the past at the same position.
- the autocorrelation value obtained between the pair of tomographic frame data becomes a frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data calculated from the pair of tomographic frame data.
- a high autocorrelation value between a pair of tomographic frames means that the degree of coincidence of waveforms of a plurality of RF signals constituting the tomographic frame data is high, and the quality of the elastic frame data obtained thereby is high. There is a tendency.
- the frame correlation processing unit 201 takes in the autocorrelation value between each pair of tomographic frames from the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116, and as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), for each elastic frame data pixel
- the frame average value Cave of the autocorrelation value is obtained in units.
- a three-dimensional elastic image obtained by volume rendering of the elastic volume data has little collapse.
- the three-dimensional elastic image in this case has a lot of noise and is an image lacking sharpness, for example, a circular image that is originally deformed and displayed.
- the quality of the elastic volume data can be evaluated by obtaining the volume evaluation value indicating the quality for each elastic volume data.
- a detailed example of the frame displacement / distortion calculation unit 203 will be described later.
- the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116 and the quality calculation unit 121 will be described.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the processing procedures of the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116 and the frame correlation processing unit 201, and the other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the two-dimensional elasticity image construction unit 116 performs an autocorrelation operation between a pair of adjacent tomographic frame data to estimate the displacement distribution of the living tissue.
- the two-dimensional elastic image construction unit 116 performs the autocorrelation calculation with the tomographic frame data for the past several frames with respect to the current (real-time) tomographic frame data, and thereby the displacement distribution of the living tissue Is estimated.
- the tomographic frame data having the highest autocorrelation value with the past several frames is selected, and the displacement distribution of the living tissue is estimated to generate elastic frame data. That is, autocorrelation values and displacement distribution data for one frame are calculated by a plurality of three-dimensional scans. Subsequent processing is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the evaluation results shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D are displayed.
- elastic frame data having a high autocorrelation value can be selected by a plurality of three-dimensional scans, it is possible to finally generate high-quality elastic volume data, and the quality of the three-dimensional elastic image. Can be increased.
- the quality calculation unit 121 according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the difference of the third embodiment from the first and second embodiments is that instead of the autocorrelation value of the pair of tomographic frame data when the elastic frame data is calculated, the elastic value (displacement, strain, strain ratio, The evaluation value of the quality of the elastic frame data constituting the elastic volume data is calculated based on at least one of the average of viscosity, elastic modulus), S / N ratio, and deviation information.
- two-dimensional scanning is repeated in the minor axis direction to obtain a plurality (n) of elastic (displacement) frame data detected from the inter-frame autocorrelation.
- three-dimensional elastic volume data is created as an aggregate of two-dimensional elastic frame data as shown in FIG.
- an average of the displacements of the elastic frame data is obtained and used as a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data.
- the variance of the addition average of the displacements of the respective frames it is possible to detect image variations.
- Variance Save of the addition average of each frame is calculated by Equation (4).
- the elastic volume data average Svol of the variance Save of all the elastic frame data constituting the elastic volume data is obtained by the equation (5), and used as a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data.
- W is the width of the image
- H is the height of the image
- d (i, j) is the displacement
- d * is the average of the displacement.
- FIG. 6 shows a modification of the present embodiment, in which the quality of elastic volume data is evaluated based on strain frame data instead of displacement frame data.
- elastic volume data is composed of a plurality (n) frames of distorted frame data.
- FIG. 6 (b) shows that there is no negative strain if pressure is applied to living tissue. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), if negative distortion is mixed in one distortion frame data, the average distortion becomes small. Therefore, the average of the distortion of each frame is calculated for each distortion frame data in the ⁇ direction to obtain a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data.
- the one with the higher evaluation is displayed as “Quality ⁇ High ”, and when the evaluation is low, the display is“ Quality Low ”as shown in FIG. 6 (d). .
- FIG. 7 shows examples of various display images configured using the elastic volume data obtained by each embodiment of the present invention.
- a volume evaluation value indicating quality is displayed on each displayed cross-sectional image.
- volume evaluation values indicating quality are displayed on each of the axial plane A, theta plane T, coronal plane C, and 3D elastic image Render of any three orthogonal cross sections.
- FIG. 7 (b) also in the case of a so-called multi-slice cross-sectional image, a volume evaluation value indicating quality can be displayed on each of the display of a plurality of cross-sectional images.
- the elastic volume data generation unit 117 and the quality calculation unit 121 are configured as shown in FIG. That is, the autocorrelation value calculated by the two-dimensional elastic image forming unit 116 in the elastic volume generation unit 117 is stored in the autocorrelation value volume holding unit 802 or the displacement / distortion volume holding unit 804 in the elastic volume generation unit 117. Is done.
- This data is the data of the ultrasonic RF array data music coordinate (RT ⁇ ) dimension, and is converted into orthogonal coordinate data by the orthogonal coordinate conversion unit 806.
- a display surface quality calculation unit 808 calculates a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of each cross section with respect to a coordinate surface referred for display.
- FIG. 9 shows a volume evaluation value in which time is plotted on the horizontal axis and quality is plotted on the vertical axis, and the volume evaluation values of a plurality of elastic volume data V0-Vn obtained continuously can be seen at a glance. Further, the same mark as in FIG. 3 is displayed in association with the elastic volume data with the highest volume evaluation value and the elastic volume data with the lowest volume evaluation value.
- FIG. 10 shows marks, bar charts, pie charts, and other modified examples representing volume evaluation values indicating the quality of the elastic volume data or the three-dimensional elastic image.
- FIG. 10 (a) is an example in which the level of the volume evaluation value can be identified at a glance by changing the display color of the circular mark in association with the volume evaluation value.
- FIG. 6B is the same as the mark shown in the first embodiment, and is an example showing the level of the volume evaluation value according to the degree of perfect circle of the circular mark.
- FIG. 4C is an example showing the level of the volume evaluation value according to the ratio in the bar chart gauge.
- FIG. 4D is an example showing the level of the volume evaluation value according to the ratio of the pie chart.
- FIG. 5E shows an example in which a plurality of small circles are arranged and the ratio of the small circle display mode is varied according to the volume evaluation value.
- a display form and storage form of a three-dimensional elastic image configured using elastic volume data obtained by each embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the display unit 120 Based on the volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data calculated by the quality calculation unit 121, the display unit 120 displays a three-dimensional elasticity image.
- the control unit 103 instructs to display a 3D elasticity image, and the display unit 120 displays a 3D elasticity image whose volume evaluation value is higher than the display reference value.
- the control unit 103 instructs not to display the 3D elasticity image, and the display unit 120 does not display the 3D elasticity image whose volume evaluation value is lower than the display reference value. .
- the display standard value is, for example, 0.95. Further, the operator can set a display reference value with the operation unit 104.
- the display unit 120 when the volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data is higher than the display reference value, the display unit 120 displays a three-dimensional elastic image. That is, the display unit 120 can display only a three-dimensional elasticity image whose volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elasticity volume data is higher than the display reference value.
- the storage unit (not shown) stores a three-dimensional elastic image.
- the control unit 103 instructs to store the three-dimensional elasticity image in the storage unit, and the storage unit selects the three-dimensional elasticity image whose volume evaluation value is higher than the storage reference value.
- the control unit 103 instructs not to store the three-dimensional elasticity image in the storage unit, and the storage unit displays the three-dimensional elasticity image whose volume evaluation value is lower than the storage reference value. I don't remember.
- the storage unit when the volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data is higher than the storage reference value, the storage unit is provided for storing the three-dimensional elastic image. That is, the storage unit can store only a three-dimensional elastic image whose volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data is higher than the storage reference value.
- the storage reference value can be set in the same manner as the display reference value, and the operator can set the storage reference value using the operation unit 104.
- the display reference value and the storage reference value can be the same.
- the elastic volume generator 117 that generates elastic volume data by collecting a plurality of elastic frame data representing the elastic distribution measured by three-dimensionally scanning the subject with ultrasonic waves, and elastic volume data Evaluation of the quality of the elastic frame data in an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus comprising a 3D elastic image construction unit 118 for constructing a 3D elastic image by volume rendering and a display unit 120 for displaying a 3D elastic image
- a quality calculation unit 121 is provided that calculates a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data based on the value.
- An evaluation calculation including a step of configuring, a step of displaying the three-dimensional elasticity image, and a step of calculating a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data based on a frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data Is the method.
- the present invention obtains a frame evaluation value for evaluating the quality of the elastic frame data, and further indicates the quality of the elastic volume data based on the frame evaluation value indicating a plurality of elastic frame data constituting the elastic volume data.
- the volume evaluation value was obtained and evaluated.
- the quality of the elastic frame data or the quality evaluation value means that the elastic frame data was measured in a stable and appropriate compressed state.
- the quality or quality evaluation value of elastic volume data means a collection of elastic frame data having a high quality or quality evaluation value. Therefore, a high quality or a high quality evaluation value can generate a three-dimensional elastic image with less noise as a result.
- the frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data can be obtained by a quality evaluation method.
- a high autocorrelation value between a pair of tomographic frame data that is the basis for calculating elastic frame data means that the degree of coincidence between the pair of tomographic frame data is high, and the pair of tomographic frame data is measured stably. It was measured in the state.
- the autocorrelation value of the pair of tomographic frame data that is the basis for calculating the elastic frame data can be used as a frame evaluation value, and based on this, a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data can be obtained and evaluated.
- the frame evaluation value according to the present invention is not limited to the autocorrelation value of a pair of tomographic frame data.
- the quality calculation unit 121 uses the autocorrelation value between the pair of tomographic frame data as a frame evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic frame data, and adds the frame evaluation values of all the elastic frame data constituting the elastic volume data.
- the volume evaluation value indicating the quality of the elastic volume data can be obtained based on the value or the average value.
- the autocorrelation value between the pair of tomographic frame data the autocorrelation value of a pair of tomographic frame data adjacent in time in the three-dimensional scan can be used.
- the scan plane position is the same among the plurality of elastic frame data respectively constituting the plurality of elastic volume data repeatedly generated by the elastic volume generation unit.
- the autocorrelation value of the pair of tomographic frame data used as the basis for calculating the elastic frame data can be used.
- the autocorrelation value between a pair of tomographic frame data the autocorrelation value of a pair of tomographic frame data having the maximum autocorrelation value obtained between the current tomographic frame data and a plurality of past tomographic frame data is used. Can do. According to this, since the elastic volume data can be constructed by selecting elastic frame data with high quality, the volume evaluation value can be further increased. That is, elastic volume data is generated by collecting elastic frame data calculated based on a pair of tomographic frame data having the maximum autocorrelation value. As described above, the present invention is not limited to obtaining the frame evaluation value based on the autocorrelation value of the pair of tomographic frame data that is the basis of the elastic frame data calculation.
- a frame evaluation value indicating the quality of each elastic frame data can be calculated based on the average, deviation, or S / N ratio of the elastic value distribution of the elastic frame data. For example, if the S / N ratio of the elastic value is large, it can be evaluated that the quality of the elastic frame data is high.
- the elastic value any one of displacement, strain, strain ratio, viscosity, and elastic modulus can be used.
- volume evaluation value indicating the quality obtained as described above it is desirable to display the volume evaluation value indicating the quality obtained as described above on the display unit 120 in association with the three-dimensional elasticity image. Thereby, it is possible to determine how high the quality of the displayed three-dimensional elasticity image is.
- the volume evaluation value indicating quality can be identified at a glance. Can contribute.
- the present invention is not limited to a three-dimensional elasticity image, but is a cross-sectional elasticity image that displays an orthogonal three-section elasticity image configured based on elasticity volume data or a multi-section elasticity image sliced with a plurality of parallel slices on the display unit.
- a configuration unit may be provided, and a display surface quality calculation unit may be configured to calculate a volume evaluation value indicating the quality of each cross-sectional elasticity image by the quality calculation unit and display the volume evaluation value on the display unit.
- the examiner can easily select the three-dimensional elastic image.
- high-quality 3D elastic images can be reconstructed and displayed, enabling high-level diagnostic support.
- ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 102 ultrasonic probe, 103 control unit, 104 operation unit, 105 transmission unit, 106 reception unit, 107 transmission / reception control unit, 108 phasing addition unit, 109 data storage unit, 113 2D tomographic image Configuration unit, 114 tomographic volume data generation unit, 115 3D tomographic image configuration unit, 116 2D elastic image configuration unit, 117 elastic volume data generation unit, 118 3D elastic image configuration unit, 119 synthesis processing unit, 120 display unit, 121 Quality calculator
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Abstract
Description
図示のように、超音波診断装置100には、被検体101に当接させて用いる超音波探触子102と、超音波探触子102を介して被検体101に一定の時間間隔をおいて超音波を繰り返し送信させる送信部105と、被検体101の内部からの反射エコー信号を受信する受信部106と、送信部105と受信部106を制御する送受信制御部107と、受信部106で受信された反射エコーを整相加算する整相加算部108とが備えられている。
Aout(i) = Aout(i-1)+(1-Aout(i-1))・A(i) -(2)
A(i) = Opacity[C(i)] -(3)
ここで、C(i)は作成される2次元投影面上のある点から3次元断層画像を見た場合、視線上i番目に存在するボクセルの輝度値である。Cout(i)は、出力されるピクセル値である。例えば、視線上にNボクセルの輝度値が並んだとき、i =0~N-1までを積算した輝度値Cout(N-1)が最終的に出力されるピクセル値となる。Cout(i-1)はi-1番目までの積算値を示す。
ここで、Wは画像の横幅、Hは画像の高さ、d(i,j)は変位、d*は変位の平均である。
本実施例によれば、バラつきが少ない方がノイズは少ないから、図5(c)に示すように、Svol=0.001のように小さな値の方が評価が高いボリューム評価値「Quality High」と表示され、3次元弾性画像としても引き締まった画像となる。一方、ノイズの多い画像においては、バラつきが大きくなり、図5(d)に示すように、Svol=0.02のように大きな値の方が評価が低いボリューム評価値「Quality Low」と表示され、画像も先鋭さを欠ける画像となる。
Claims (14)
- 被検体に超音波を3次元スキャンして計測される弾性分布を表す弾性フレームデータを複数収集して弾性ボリュームデータを生成する弾性ボリューム生成部と、前記弾性ボリュームデータをボリュームレンダリングして3次元弾性画像を構成する3次元弾性画像構成部と、前記3次元弾性画像を表示する表示部とを備えた超音波診断装置において、
前記弾性フレームデータのクオリティを示すフレーム評価値に基づいて、前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示すボリューム評価値を算出するクオリティ算出部を備えたことを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記弾性フレームデータ算出の基となった一対の断層フレームデータ間の自己相関値を前記弾性フレームデータのクオリティを示すフレーム評価値とし、前記弾性ボリュームデータを構成する全ての前記弾性フレームデータの前記フレーム評価値の加算値又は加算平均値に基づいて、前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示すボリューム評価値を求めることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項2に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記一対の断層フレームデータ間の自己相関値として、前記3次元スキャンにおける時間的に隣り合う一対の断層フレームデータの自己相関値を用いることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項2に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記一対の断層フレームデータ間の自己相関値として、前記弾性ボリューム生成部で繰り返し生成される複数の弾性ボリュームデータをそれぞれ構成する複数の前記弾性フレームデータのうち、スキャン面位置が同一の前記弾性フレームデータ算出の基となった前記一対の断層フレームデータの自己相関値を用いることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項2に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記一対の断層フレームデータ間の自己相関値として、現在の断層フレームデータと過去の複数の断層フレームデータと間で求めた前記自己相関値が最大の一対の断層フレームデータの自己相関値を用いることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項5に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記自己相関値が最大の一対の断層フレームデータに基づいて算出された前記弾性フレームデータが収集され前記弾性ボリュームデータが生成されることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記弾性フレームデータの弾性値の分布の平均、偏差、又はS/N比に基づいて、各弾性フレームデータのクオリティを示すフレーム評価値を算出し、該算出したフレーム評価値を前記弾性ボリュームデータ単位で加算平均することにより前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示すボリューム評価値を算出することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項7に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記弾性値は、変位、歪み、歪み比、粘性、弾性率のいずれか1つであることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティを示すボリューム評価値を前記3次元弾性画像に対応付けて前記表示部に表示することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項9に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記クオリティを示すボリューム評価値を、該ボリューム評価値に対応して表示態様が異なるマーク、バーチャート又は円グラフで前記表示部に表示することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記弾性ボリュームデータ生成部は、前記弾性ボリュームデータに基づいて構成した直交3断面弾性画像又は平行な複数の断面でスライスしたマルチ断面弾性画像を前記表示部に表示する断面弾性画像構成部を備え、
前記クオリティ算出部は、前記各断面弾性画像のクオリティを示すボリューム評価値を算出して前記表示部に表示する表示面クオリティ算出部を備えてなることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示す前記ボリューム評価値が表示基準値よりも高い場合、前記表示部は前記3次元弾性画像を表示することを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 請求項1に記載の超音波診断装置において、
前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示すボリューム評価値が記憶基準値よりも高い場合、前記3次元弾性画像を記憶する記憶部を備えることを特徴とする超音波診断装置。 - 被検体に超音波を3次元スキャンして計測される弾性分布を表す弾性フレームデータを複数収集して弾性ボリュームデータを生成するステップと、弾性ボリュームデータをボリュームレンダリングして3次元弾性画像を構成するステップと、前記3次元弾性画像を表示するステップと、前記弾性フレームデータのクオリティを示すフレーム評価値に基づいて、前記弾性ボリュームデータのクオリティを示すボリューム評価値を算出するステップを含む評価算出方法。
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JP2019503748A (ja) * | 2015-12-21 | 2019-02-14 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェKoninklijke Philips N.V. | 被験者のボリュームを検査する超音波撮像装置及び超音波撮像方法 |
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