WO2012020255A2 - Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales - Google Patents

Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012020255A2
WO2012020255A2 PCT/GB2011/051506 GB2011051506W WO2012020255A2 WO 2012020255 A2 WO2012020255 A2 WO 2012020255A2 GB 2011051506 W GB2011051506 W GB 2011051506W WO 2012020255 A2 WO2012020255 A2 WO 2012020255A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
control device
pitch control
blade
blade pitch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2011/051506
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012020255A3 (fr
Inventor
Joseph Anwyll
Original Assignee
Joseph Anwyll
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joseph Anwyll filed Critical Joseph Anwyll
Priority to GB1303966.4A priority Critical patent/GB2497034B/en
Publication of WO2012020255A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012020255A2/fr
Publication of WO2012020255A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012020255A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/502—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position involving springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F05B2270/1011—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n) to prevent overspeed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/40—Type of control system
    • F05B2270/402—Type of control system passive or reactive, e.g. using large wind vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/50—Control logic embodiment by
    • F05B2270/508—Control logic embodiment by mechanical means, e.g. levers, gears or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/606—Control system actuates through mechanical actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blade pitch control device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a device for the control of the pitch angle of blades on a wind turbine.
  • Wind turbines are exposed to a wide variety of wind speeds. Most turbines are adapted to work at moderate wind speeds. However, this means that they do not work at low wind speeds, and can not cope effectively with high wind speeds. This significantly limits the efficiency of wind turbines.
  • a known blade has been adapted such that it collapses when the wind speed reaches a critical level.
  • the blade comprises a hinge which runs along the length of the blade from the turbine hub to the blade tip. When the wind speed rises, the blade rotates about the hinge to minimise the surface area of the blade that experiences the full strength of the wind.
  • a blade pitch control device for a wind turbine comprising:
  • linking means is operable to move the second plate with respect to the first plate
  • blade abutting means is operable to change the pitch angle of the blade according to a position of the second plate with respect to the first plate
  • the blade pitch control device is adapted for use for a small wind turbine.
  • the blade pitch control device could be adapted for a large wind turbine.
  • the first plate is fixedly secured to a central shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the second plate is operable to move in a direction parallel to the central axis of the wind turbine, more preferably, the second plate is operable to move along the central axis of the wind turbine.
  • the linking means is operable to move the second plate with respect to the first plate along the central shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the first plate is operable to rotate along with the central axis of the wind turbine.
  • the linking means comprises at least one arm fixedly secured at a first end to the first plate and at the second end to the second plate.
  • the or each arm is pivoted.
  • the or each arm is pivoted at approximately equal distances from the first plate and second plate.
  • the linking means comprises at least one weight.
  • the linking means comprises one weight per arm.
  • the weight is located at the pivot point of the or each arm.
  • the plates rotate at same speed as central shaft, i.e. at same speed as the turbine blades.
  • the second plate has a rest position with respect to the first plate.
  • the second plate is resiliently biased towards its rest position.
  • the second plate is resiliently biased by a spring.
  • the spring is a coil spring.
  • the spring extends between, and is fixed at either end thereof to, the second plate and the first plate.
  • the blade abutting means is fixedly attached to the second plate.
  • the blade abutting means extends from the second plate to a blade of the wind turbine.
  • the blade abutting means comprises a linkage between the second plate and a blade of the wind turbine. More preferably, the blade abutting means comprises a linkage between the or each blade of the wind turbine and the second plate.
  • the or each linkage is incompressible.
  • the or each linkage is adapted to move towards and away from the first plate with the second plate.
  • the or each linkage is adapted to alter the pitch angle of the or each wind turbine blade as the or each linkage moves with the second plate.
  • the present invention extends to a wind turbine comprising a central shaft on which at least one turbine blade is mounted, the wind turbine further comprising the blade pitch control device according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the blade pitch control device is mounted on the central shaft such that the second plate is operable to be movable along the central shaft.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view along a central shaft of a wind turbine showing the blade pitch control device of the present invention
  • Figure 1 a shows a schematic, cross-sectional view of the wind turbine of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic, exploded view of a link mechanism of the blade pitch control device of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic, side view of the link mechanism taken along the line X-X in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective, exploded view of a weight on the link mechanism of the blade pitch control device of Figure 1 .
  • a wind turbine 2 comprises a central shaft 4, and support leg 6, and several blades 8.
  • the wind turbine 2 further comprises a blade pitch control device 10 according to the present invention.
  • the blade pitch control device 10 is mounted on the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the blade pitch control device 10 is mounted on the central shaft 4 between the blades 8 and the support leg 6.
  • the wind turbine 2 advantageously comprises a housing 12.
  • the blade pitch control device 10 is mounted within the housing 12 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the blade pitch control device 10 is operable to control the pitch angle of the blades 8 on the wind turbine 2.
  • the blade pitch control device 10 comprises a centrifugal mechanism and blade control means.
  • the centrifugal mechanism comprises a first plate 14 and a second plate 16 connected by a linking means 18.
  • the first plate 14 is fixedly secured to the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the connection between the first plate 14 and the central shaft 4 in the present embodiment is a threaded connection.
  • the first plate 14 has a central recess with an internal threaded surface.
  • the threaded surface of the recess is adapted to engage with a threaded outer surface of a portion of the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • a fixing nut 20 is also operable to engage with the threaded outer surface of the portion of the central shaft of the wind turbine 2.
  • the fixing nut 20 is adapted to be fixed in place after the first plate 14 has been fixed in place on the shaft 4.
  • the fixing nut 20 prevents the first plate 14 from moving with respect to the shaft 4.
  • the first plate 14 extends radially outwards from the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the first plate 14 is substantially circular in cross-section taken through the central axis 22, of the central shaft 4.
  • the plate 14 may alternatively have different cross-sectional shapes.
  • the plate 14 is solid except for a number of holes through which the linking means 18 are secured to the plate 14, and a number of holes through which the blade control means is operable to pass.
  • the linking means 18 and blade control means will be described in more detail below.
  • the second plate 16 is of substantially the same shape and size of the first plate 14.
  • the second plate 16 comprises a central recess 24.
  • the diameter of the central recess 24 is greater than the diameter of the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the second plate 16 is located along the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2 at a point further away from the blades 8 than the first plate 14.
  • the second plate 16 is movable along the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2 towards and away from the first plate 14.
  • the second plate 16 extends radially outwards from the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the second plate 16 is solid except for a number of holes through which the linking means 18 and blade control means are secured to the plate 16.
  • the linking means 18 and blade control means will be described in more detail below.
  • the linking means 18 comprise an arm which extends between the first plate 14 and the second plate 16.
  • the arm of the linking means comprises two sections. A first section 26 is attached to the first plate 14. A second section 28 is attached to the second plate 16. The first 26 and second 28 sections are attached to the first 14 and second plates, 16 respectively, via pivot links.
  • the pivot links comprise hubs 30 which are bolted to the first 14 and second 16 plates by bolts 32 passing through the holes of the first 14 and second 16 plates.
  • the hubs 30 comprise recesses 34.
  • the proximal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm i.e. the ends which are located adjacent to the first 14 and second 16 plates, respectively, comprise recesses 36 a, b corresponding to the recesses 34 of the hubs 30.
  • the proximal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm are pivotably secured to the hubs 30 by pivot pins 38 which pass through the recesses 36 a, b in the proximal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm and the recesses 34 in the hubs 30.
  • the distal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm i.e. the ends which are not connected to the hubs 30, are connected to each other.
  • the distal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm comprise recesses 40 a, b.
  • the distal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm are pivotably secured to each other by a pivot pin 42.
  • the pivot pin 42 securing the distal ends of the first 26 and second 28 sections of the arm comprise weights.
  • the weighted pivot pin 42 is located approximately equidistantly from the first 14 and second 16 plates.
  • the linking means 18 are operable to hold the second plate 16, and move the second plate 16, with respect to the first plate 14.
  • the linking means 18 shown in the Figures comprises a single arm. However, it will be appreciated by the skilled person that more than one arm can be used to connect the first 14 and second 16 plate.
  • the blade control means comprises a number of push rods 44 connected between the second plate 16 and the blades 8 of the wind turbine 2.
  • the blade control means comprises one push rod 44 per blade 8. In the present Figures, only one push rod 44 is illustrated. However, the skilled person would understand the location and action of the remaining push rods 44 for the other blades 8 illustrated.
  • Each push rod 44 is fixedly connected to the second plate 16. The connection between each push rod 44 and the second plate 16 is effected by a bolt 46.
  • Each push rod 44 extends from the second plate 16 through a recess 48 in the first plate 14 to a blade 8 of the wind turbine 2.
  • Each recess 48 in the first plate 14 has a greater diameter than that of each push rod 44. Therefore, each push rod 44 is free to move through each recess 48.
  • Each push rod 44 is fixedly secured to one edge of a blade 8, such that the blade 8 can be tilted, and the pitch angle changed, by movement of the push rod 44.
  • Each push rod 44 is secured to a blade 8 via a ball socket arrangement.
  • Each push rod 44 comprises a rod end bearing 50 at the end of the rod 44 abutting the blade 8. This rod end bearing 50 engages with a ball socket (not shown) on the blade 8.
  • the ball socket arrangements allow for the rod 44 to move the blade 8 smoothly and without bending.
  • a coil spring 52 is located between the first plate 14 and the second plate 16. The spring 52 is fixedly attached to each of the first plate 14 and the second plate 16. In the Figures, the coil spring 52 is shown to be located around a push rod 44. However, the spring 52 may be located at any point between the first 14 and second 16 plates.
  • the spring 52 has a resting length.
  • the resting length of the spring 52 is equivalent to, or longer than, the overall length of the linking means 18.
  • the maximum, or resting distance between the two plates 14, 16 is determined by the overall length of the linking means 18, and the spring 52 is operable to push the plates 14,16 to their maximum spacing by returning to its resting length, or as near to its resting length as possible if the resting length is longer than the overall length of the linking means 18.
  • the first plate 14 rotates with the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2. This rotation means that a centrifugal force is experienced by the weighted pivot pin 42.
  • the weighted pivot pin 42 then moves radially outwards from the central shaft 4 of the wind turbine 2.
  • each pushing rod 44 is also moved by the same distance in the direction of the first plate 14.
  • the movement of pushing rods 44 tilts the blades 8 to which the rods 44 are attached.
  • the movement serves to put the blades 8 into a pitch angle alignment which is most suitable for the wind speed being experienced by the wind turbine 2.
  • the coil spring 52 acts to push the second plate 16 away from the first plate 14 to the resting position.
  • the device 10 of the present invention therefore, allows wind turbines 2 to work effectively at higher wind speeds, when most other wind turbines would have to be stopped.
  • the device of the present invention 10 is operable to react instantaneously to any changes in wind speed, and the blade pitch angles are constantly altered by the device.
  • the primary mechanism of the device of the present invention is simple, with few moving parts. Therefore, the present invention provides a solution having a reduced complexity and mass over prior art devices. Furthermore, the mechanism is mounted on the turbine inboard of the blades. Therefore, the solution of the present invention provides no overhung mass and can be contained inside the body of the turbine to protect it from weather.
  • the mechanism may with the exception of the spring be constructed from lightweight alloys as all loads are transferred through robust structural parts without the need for precision components.
  • the device of the present invention is lightweight, and can be installed on any size of wind turbine.
  • the device may also be retrofitted onto existing wind turbines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de réglage du pas des pales pour une éolienne, le dispositif comprenant : une première plaque solidement fixée à l'éolienne ; une seconde plaque fixée à la première plaque et déplaçable par rapport à la première plaque ; un moyen de liaison conçu pour fixer la seconde plaque à la première plaque ; et un moyen de butée de pale conçu pour modifier l'angle de pas d'une pale sur l'éolienne. Le moyen de liaison peut être actionné pour déplacer la seconde plaque par rapport à la première plaque, et le moyen de butée de pale peut être actionné pour modifier l'angle de pas de la pale en fonction d'une position de la seconde plaque par rapport à la première plaque.
PCT/GB2011/051506 2010-08-10 2011-08-10 Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales WO2012020255A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1303966.4A GB2497034B (en) 2010-08-10 2011-08-10 Blade pitch control device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1013401.3A GB201013401D0 (en) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Blade pitch control device
GB1013401.3 2010-08-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012020255A2 true WO2012020255A2 (fr) 2012-02-16
WO2012020255A3 WO2012020255A3 (fr) 2012-05-18

Family

ID=42931421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2011/051506 WO2012020255A2 (fr) 2010-08-10 2011-08-10 Dispositif de réglage du pas des pales

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (2) GB201013401D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012020255A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101330016B1 (ko) 2013-09-30 2013-11-18 지유 주식회사 소형 풍력 발전장치의 블레이드 피치 제어장치

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU190071B (en) * 1983-03-10 1986-08-28 Gyimesi,Janos,Hu Wind engine as well as fluid furthering device operable particularly by wind engine
JPS59176474A (ja) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-05 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 風力原動機の安全装置
JPS59176472A (ja) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-05 Hitachi Ltd 風力発電装置
US20100133852A1 (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-06-03 Preus Robert W Vertical axis wind turbine with variable area

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101330016B1 (ko) 2013-09-30 2013-11-18 지유 주식회사 소형 풍력 발전장치의 블레이드 피치 제어장치

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201303966D0 (en) 2013-04-17
WO2012020255A3 (fr) 2012-05-18
GB2497034A (en) 2013-05-29
GB201013401D0 (en) 2010-09-22
GB2497034B (en) 2016-12-14

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