WO2012019751A1 - Reibring und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Reibring und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012019751A1 WO2012019751A1 PCT/EP2011/003980 EP2011003980W WO2012019751A1 WO 2012019751 A1 WO2012019751 A1 WO 2012019751A1 EP 2011003980 W EP2011003980 W EP 2011003980W WO 2012019751 A1 WO2012019751 A1 WO 2012019751A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- friction
- friction lining
- carrier
- starting material
- friction ring
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
- F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
- F16D13/52—Clutches with multiple lamellae ; Clutches in which three or more axially moveable members are fixed alternately to the shafts to be coupled and are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
- F16D13/54—Clutches with multiple lamellae ; Clutches in which three or more axially moveable members are fixed alternately to the shafts to be coupled and are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/58—Details
- F16D13/60—Clutching elements
- F16D13/64—Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/002—Pretreatement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/58—Details
- F16D13/60—Clutching elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/025—Synchro rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
- F16D2300/10—Surface characteristics; Details related to material surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a friction ring with a carrier and a
- Friction lining as used for example in wet-running clutches or in
- the invention further relates to a
- friction paper which have a friction lining of a paper-like material.
- This material referred to below as “friction paper” is supplied in the form of sheets as a result of the friction paper sheets, and individual friction lining segments are cut out and applied to the carrier, for example adhesively bonded Production costs of friction paper comparatively high.
- the object of the invention is to provide a friction ring with friction lining, which can be produced inexpensively and at the same time the satisfies or even exceeds requirements with regard to friction coefficient behavior and wear.
- a friction ring with a carrier and a friction lining wherein a Reibbelagausgangsmatenal is a mixture of at least a thermosetting binder and a filler, and wherein the Reibbelagausgangsmatenal a non-flowable, pasty processing consistency and the friction lining a solid finish after processing on the carrier.
- thermosetting binder used is preferably a phenolic resin and as filler, in particular an organic filler such as graphite.
- a mixture with a paste-like processing consistency is produced as a friction lining starting material.
- the mixture is referred to as "pasty" when the viscosity is between about 1 Pa.s and about 100 Pa.s, preferably at 1-50 Pa.s .. In this viscosity range, the friction lining starting material can be easily applied to the prepared surface.
- the friction lining has a certain proportion of fibers, in particular exclusively non-fibrillated fibers.
- the mass fraction of the fibers is then preferably in the range of about 1% to about 20% of the solids content of the friction lining.
- Such a low, preferably single-digit percentage of non-fibrillated fibers still allows a paste-like processing consistency and thus a simple friction-ring production.
- this fiber content can positively influence the mechanical properties of the later friction lining.
- the friction lining starting material may additionally comprise a solvent, in particular water or ethanol, in the processing consistency. Frequently, the binder is already added in dissolved form, for example as a prefabricated phenolic resin solution.
- the friction lining starting material additionally comprises a substance for setting a desired processing consistency.
- This may in particular be a thickening or thixotropic agent or an agent which influences the intrinsic viscosity.
- the thixotropic agent facilitates processing of the friction lining starting material because it lowers viscosity during application, but increases the viscosity after application of the friction lining starting material.
- Such, in particular designed as grooves interruptions allow good oil circulation in the region of the friction lining, whereby the frictional heat generated during operation of the friction ring can be better dissipated.
- the friction lining has a multilayer structure in another embodiment of the friction ring.
- the multilayer friction lining may have at least two friction lining layers with different friction lining starting material.
- desired friction properties of the friction lining can be set very precisely with little effort.
- the friction lining contains friction particles, in particular coke particles, in the region of its friction surface.
- the friction particles are applied before drying and curing of Reibbelagausgangsmatenals on a later friction surface of the friction lining and penetrate at least partially into the friction lining.
- the friction particles can be quite coarse and form an optionally even closed cover layer on the friction lining.
- thermosetting binder can vary over a height of the friction lining, in particular decrease from the carrier to a friction surface.
- the friction ring according to the invention is particularly suitable as a synchronizer ring in a transmission and wet-running Lamellenreibsysteme, in particular wet-running clutches and wet-running brakes.
- a method for producing a friction ring which has a carrier and a friction lining.
- a carrier is first provided.
- a surface of the carrier to be provided with the friction lining is prepared.
- a friction lining starting material is applied in a substantially dimensionally stable, pasty processing consistency without an additional, the Reibbelagaus- material laterally limiting form on the prepared surface.
- the friction lining starting material is processed and finally hardens to the friction lining with a substantially solid finish.
- the inventive method can be produced with little effort friction linings, which are characterized by a particularly good wear behavior.
- the surface of the cured friction lining is particularly flat.
- the pasty friction lining starting material is applied by means of at least one metering pump.
- This metering pump is also referred to as a dispenser and allows with little effort an exact portioning and positioning of the friction lining starting material on the prepared surface of the carrier.
- the friction lining starting material is applied to the prepared area during only one revolution of the carrier.
- the friction lining starting material is in this case applied the same with a matched to the later desired friction lining dimensions cross-sectional profile, which allows a very fast coating of the carrier with the friction lining.
- the friction lining starting material is spirally applied to the prepared surface during several revolutions of the carrier.
- profiling of the later friction lining can already be carried out when the friction lining starting material is applied.
- the profiling in this case consists of helical longitudinal grooves, which have a positive effect on an oil circulation in the region of the friction lining and thus allow a rapid removal of the heat generated during operation frictional heat.
- friction particles for example friction-coarse coarse coke particles, are applied to the pasty friction lining starting material. In the subsequent processing of the friction lining starting material, these friction particles preferably penetrate at least partially into the friction lining starting material.
- the friction lining starting material may be dried, preferably immediately after its application to the carrier. As a result of this drying, for example by means of hot air, infrared radiation or induction, the friction lining starting material is precured, the consistency of pasty to tough to solid passes.
- the friction lining starting material can be hot-pressed.
- the friction lining starting material hardens completely and is calibrated to the final dimension.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 schematically show different steps in the production of a friction ring with a friction lining according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a view of a friction ring according to a second embodiment during application of the friction lining starting material
- FIG. 7 shows a section VII-VII through the friction ring according to FIG. 6;
- FIG. 8 shows the section Vll-VII through the friction ring according to Figure 6 after its completion
- FIG. 9 shows the section Vll-VII through the friction ring according to Figure 6 with modified application of the friction lining starting material
- FIG. 10 shows the section Vll-VII through the friction ring according to Figure 6 with further modified application of the friction lining starting material.
- FIG. 1 shows a carrier 10 of a friction plate of a wet-running clutch, which preferably consists of metal.
- the carrier 10 is shown here only schematically; On the inside or outside existing gears that are used for torque transmission, or similar designs (grooves, spline, etc.) are not shown.
- a surface 14 of the carrier 10, to which the friction lining 12 is to be applied is activated. This is shown in Figure 2 by arrows 16 and improves the connection between the friction lining 12 and the carrier 10.
- the activation can be done chemically or preferably mechanically by sand blasting or shot peening from an environmental point of view.
- an adhesive intermediate layer 18 is first applied to the activated surface 14, onto which in turn a friction lining starting material 20 is applied in a substantially dimensionally stable, pasty processing consistency. Due to the pasty consistency (viscosity value between about 1 Pa s and about 100 Pa s, for example, determined by means of Rotationsrheometer) except the prepared surface 14 of the carrier 10 no additional, the friction lining starting material 20 laterally limiting shape is necessary, whereby the manufacturing process of the friction ring is considerably simplified . With a sufficiently high proportion of thermosetting binder in the friction lining starting material 20, the adhesive intermediate layer 18 may even be dispensed with in alternative embodiments since the friction lining starting material 20 bonds to the activated area 14 during curing, without further measures being necessary.
- the application of the friction lining starting material 20 by means of a metering pump 22, which is also referred to as a dispenser.
- the friction lining starting material 20 in the form of a mixture can be accurately portioned by the metering pump 22 and accurately positioned on the prepared surface 14 of the carrier 10.
- the consistency of the mixture is chosen so that the friction lining starting material 20 after application to the carrier 10, its cross-sectional shape (height h, width b, b ') maintains when no external effects occur. Due to the high viscosity, the undesirable effect that the Reibbelagausgangsmaterial 20 "runs" on the support 10, that is, the cross-sectional height h decreases continuously, while the cross-sectional width b increases continuously, negligible.
- the friction lining starting material 20 is dried (see FIG. 4), for which purpose a drying device 24 can be used. Subsequently, the friction lining starting material 20 is hot pressed, whereby it cures to the finished friction lining 12 and about 60% of its original leh height h is compressed until finally a desired nominal height of the friction lining 12 is reached.
- the hot pressing is symbolized schematically in FIG. 5 by a calendering roller 26.
- the carrier 10 coated with the friction lining 12 can be removed as a finished friction ring 28.
- friction particles 27, e.g. Coke particles are applied to the pasty Reibbelagausgangsmaterial 20.
- These friction-active particles 27 are sprinkled before processing, drying and curing of the Reibbelagausgangs- material 20, for example, on a later friction surface 32 of the friction lining 12 and penetrate especially when hot pressing the Reibbelagausgangs- material 20 at least partially in the later friction lining 12 a.
- the friction particles 27 can be quite coarse and form a cover layer 34, in particular a closed cover layer 34, on the friction lining 12 (compare FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the pressure stiffness ratio of the finished friction lining 12 is less than 40%.
- the compressive stiffness ratio indicates the ratio of plastic to total deformation of the friction lining 12, as can be determined in a standardized pressure-setting test.
- the friction lining 12 according to the invention having a fiber-free or only a small proportion of substantially non-fibrillated fibers, can be adjusted in its composition so that a comparatively small plastic deformation occurs results in high elastic deformability. This is advantageous in terms of a constant friction behavior over a high number of load cycles.
- the pressure stiffness ratio is less than 30%, in particular less than 20%. If the behavior of the friction lining 12 is adjusted to these values under pressure loads, optimum characteristic values of the friction lining 12 result under load.
- the porosity ratio of the friction lining 12 is greater than 60 cm 2 / mm 3 .
- the porosity ratio indicates the ratio of the material surface to the pore volume.
- a high porosity ratio is advantageous in terms of wear behavior.
- the porosity ratio is particularly preferably greater than 70 cm 2 / mm 3 , in particular greater than 80 cm 2 / mm 3 . In this way, a particularly high stability of the provided with the friction lining 12 friction ring 28 results.
- the wear value of the friction lining 12 at an oil temperature of 60 ° C is less than 3 mm 3 / MJ.
- the wear value indicates the ratio of wear to performed friction work. Wear values which are considerably greater than the wear values which can be achieved with friction paper can be achieved with the friction lining 12 according to the invention. Particularly preferably, the wear value is less than 2.5, in particular less than 2. Such a friction lining 12 has a wear behavior that is better by a factor of 3 than with friction paper.
- FIG. 5 shows an axial frontal view of the carrier 10 while the friction lining starting material 20 is applied to the prepared surface 14 of the carrier 10 by means of the metering pump 22.
- the metering pump 22 is arranged stationary, whereas the clamped in a rotating device, annular support 10 is rotated about its axis A (see, arrow 29). In other variants of the method, however, the annular support 10 is arranged stationary and the metering pump 22 is rotated during the application of the friction lining starting material 20.
- FIG. 7 shows a section VII-VII through the carrier 10 according to FIG. 6. It becomes clear that the metering pump 22 already applies the friction lining starting material 20 directly to the later desired width b of the friction lining 12 on the carrier 10. In this embodiment, the entire friction lining starting material 20 is applied to the prepared surface 14 for the later friction lining 12 during only one revolution of the carrier 10. According to FIGS. 6 to 8, the desired width b of the friction lining 12 corresponds approximately to half the width B of the carrier 10. Alternatively, the friction lining starting material 20 may in particular which are also applied in a width b, which corresponds approximately to the entire width B of the carrier 10.
- FIG. 8 shows the friction ring 28 after its completion, that is to say after the friction lining starting material 20 has cured on the carrier 10 to the friction lining 12 with a firm consistency. It is easy to see that the friction lining 12 has interruptions in the form of grooves 30 in the circumferential direction. Outside the grooves 30, the friction lining 12 has a flat or alternatively a conical cross-sectional profile.
- the grooves 30 are particularly easy to produce by the clamped in the rotating device carrier 10 is continuously rotated in the direction of the arrow 29 about its axis A and the supply of Reibbelagausgangsmaterials 20 is selectively interrupted by the metering pump 22.
- the grooves 30 allow in the region of the friction lining 12 a good oil circulation, whereby the frictional heat generated during operation of the friction ring 28 can be dissipated quickly.
- the friction lining 12 consists of several, that is at least two separate blocks, between each of which a groove 30 is provided. In this configuration, the groove 30 can be generated in an advantageous manner directly in the production of the friction lining 12 without further operations are required after the application of the friction lining starting material 20.
- the grooves 30 are designed as a depression in the material of the friction lining 12. This design is based on the idea of using a per se uniform, continuous friction lining 12, which is provided with grooves 30 only at predetermined locations. These grooves 30 can be pressed, for example, in the friction lining 12 before it is completely cured. In this way, the manufacturing cost of the friction ring 28 is reduced, compared with a subsequent milling of the grooves 30th
- the friction lining 12 is formed multi-layered. This is indicated in FIG. 8 by layer boundaries 32 drawn in dashed lines.
- the friction lining starting material 20 is applied in this case, for example, over several revolutions of the carrier 10 and the metering pump 22.
- at least one groove can also be provided in the circumferential direction.
- a friction lining 12 with such grooves can be produced by applying the friction lining starting material 20 as a narrow spiral strip.
- FIG. In this case, the friction lining starting material 20 is applied with a width b "b by means of the metering pump 22.
- the annular support 10 is thereby rotated not only in the direction of the arrow 29 about its axis A, but also undergoes a small but steady axial feed (according to Figure 9 to the left), so that after several revolutions of the carrier 10, the friction lining starting material 20 spirally over a desired width b of the carrier 10 extends. With sufficient axial feed, a spiral groove can thus be realized whose groove width decreases with decreasing axial feed. With very low axial feed (smaller than b 'per carrier revolution), embodiments with an axial overlap of the friction lining starting material 20 are also conceivable. As a result, directed (anisotropic) properties can be achieved in the friction lining 12.
- the grooves 30 may be bent, extend obliquely to the circumferential or axial direction or be present only in partial areas of the friction lining 12.
- the friction lining 12 can be constructed in a multi-layered manner by repeated passage through the application process, in particular using different friction lining starting materials 20, 20 '.
- a desired layering can be achieved.
- FIG. 10 shows, for example, a variant for applying the friction lining starting material 20 to the carrier 10 by means of two metering pumps 22.
- These metering pumps 22 can apply different friction lining starting materials 20, 20 ', resulting in a multilayered friction lining 12 with different layer properties.
- axially staggered metering pumps 22nd Figure 10 creates a layering in the axial direction, which alternate with appropriate rotation and corresponding axial feed of the carrier 10, the various friction lining starting materials 20, 20 'in the axial direction.
- metering pumps 22 arranged offset in the circumferential direction, a stratification in the radial direction, as indicated by the layer boundaries 32 in FIG.
- a different friction lining starting material 20, 20 ' is used per friction lining layer of the multilayer friction lining 12.
- An essential feature of the described friction rings 28 is the composition of the friction lining 12.
- the friction lining starting material 20, 20 'of the friction lining 12 is a mixture of at least one thermosetting binder and an organic filler, wherein the mixture is a non-flowable, pasty processing consistency and the friction lining 12th has a solid finish consistency.
- a thermosetting binder a resin, in particular a powdered resole phenolic resin can be used. The mass fraction of the resin is variable within a wide range.
- the lower limit to the amount of resin in the fixed portion of friction lining 12 arises from the need for sufficient resin to bind the filler and any fibers present to form a durable friction lining 12.
- the upper limit of the proportion of the resin in the solids content results from the necessity that the friction lining 12 must contain a certain proportion of fillers for the strength and wear resistance. Preferred values for the proportion of the resin in the solids content are, for example, 15% to 50%, preferably about 35%.
- the proportion of the thermosetting binder may vary over the height h of the friction lining 12, in particular decrease from the carrier 10 to the friction surface 32. This can be realized especially with multi-layer friction linings 12, as indicated in FIG.
- the friction lining 12 contains a heat-resistant filler.
- the heat-resistant filler improves the friction properties and the wear behavior.
- the term "filler” is used here as a generic term both for a single-grade filler and for a mixture of different materials which together form the filler.
- the mass fraction of the filler can amount to a maximum of 85% of the solids content. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the mass fraction of the filler is in the range of 60% to 70%, in particular about 65% of the solids content. These values have proven to be a good compromise between cost and performance of friction lining 12.
- Graphite is particularly suitable as a filler because it does not change its properties at the temperatures occurring.
- coke, friction dust, etc. can also be used. be used as a filler.
- the friction lining 12 is made substantially free of fibers. It has been found that the friction lining 12 even without fibers meets the requirements in terms of friction coefficient and wear.
- the friction lining 12 has a low fiber content, wherein the mass fraction of the fibers in the range of 1% to 20%, preferably about 5% of the solids content of the friction lining 12.
- the fibers are predominantly, preferably exclusively non-fibrillated fibers, so that a desired consistency can be set and a simple processability is given.
- this rather small proportion of fiber can also contribute to an improvement in the mechanical properties of the friction lining 12.
- fibers basically all types of fibers can be used, which have the required temperature resistance, in particular a melting or decomposition temperature greater than 400 ° C.
- Particularly suitable are carbon fibers, glass fibers, phenolic resin fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers and / or melamine fibers.
- a special feature of these fibers is that they have a comparatively short length, in particular not more than 1 mm. More preferably, the length of the fibers is at most 0.3 mm and below.
- the friction lining starting material 20, 20 ' may have a solvent in the processing consistency such as water, methanol or ethanol. Water is particularly preferably added, since its use is advantageous both from a cost point of view and from an environmental point of view. Instead of the separate addition of solvent, the binder can also be added already in dissolved form, for example as a phenolic resin solution.
- a thickening or thixotropic agent may optionally be added to the friction lining starting material 20, 20 '.
- the thixotropic agent facilitates processing of the friction lining starting material 20, 20 'because it reduces viscosity during application, but increases the viscosity after application of the friction lining starting material 20, 20'.
- Thixotropic agents from the group of phyllosilicates are preferably used, since these do not influence the friction and wear behavior even at high operating temperatures.
- thixotropic agents from the group of smectites have proven to be particularly suitable for use in friction linings.
- the thixotropic agent contains lithium ions. This is also advantageous with regard to its use in a friction ring 28 which is permanently exposed to high wear loads at high temperatures.
- the described friction ring 28 is particularly suitable as a synchronizer ring in a vehicle transmission as well as for wet-running slat friction systems of vehicles, in particular wet-running clutches or brakes.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11743451.4A EP2603709B1 (de) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | Reibring und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
JP2013523530A JP6002131B2 (ja) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | 摩擦リングを製造する方法 |
ES11743451T ES2702992T3 (es) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | Anillo de fricción y procedimiento para su fabricación |
US13/814,898 US20130161144A1 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | Friction ring and method for producing same |
BR112013002935-8A BR112013002935B1 (pt) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | método de produção de um anel de fricção |
CN201180038439.8A CN103080583B (zh) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | 摩擦环的制造方法 |
KR1020137005772A KR101834030B1 (ko) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | 마찰 링 및 그의 제조 방법 |
US14/562,412 US9718093B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2014-12-05 | Friction ring and method for producing same |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201010033876 DE102010033876A1 (de) | 2010-08-10 | 2010-08-10 | Reibring und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102010033876.1 | 2010-08-10 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/814,898 A-371-Of-International US20130161144A1 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | Friction ring and method for producing same |
US14/562,412 Division US9718093B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2014-12-05 | Friction ring and method for producing same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012019751A1 true WO2012019751A1 (de) | 2012-02-16 |
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PCT/EP2011/003980 WO2012019751A1 (de) | 2010-08-10 | 2011-08-09 | Reibring und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
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US (2) | US20130161144A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2603709B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6002131B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101834030B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103080583B (de) |
BR (1) | BR112013002935B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010033876A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2702992T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012019751A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012107229A1 (de) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-13 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers |
CN113544399A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-10-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | 湿式离合器摩擦板 |
Families Citing this family (8)
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AT510943A1 (de) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-15 | Miba Frictec Gmbh | Reibmaterial |
DE102013223070A1 (de) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-13 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Reibring und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Reibrings |
DE102015011206A1 (de) * | 2015-04-08 | 2016-10-13 | Borgwarner Inc. | Reibschlüssig arbeitende Einrichtung mit Endlamellenanordnung, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenlamelle für eine solche Einrichtung |
CN107061559B (zh) * | 2016-10-22 | 2019-04-05 | 瑞安市寅明机车部件有限公司 | 采用制动材料的载重汽车盘式制动器 |
DE102017208529A1 (de) | 2017-05-19 | 2018-11-22 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Bremsscheibe mit einem Reibring aus PMMC Werkstoff |
DE102017011960A1 (de) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Lucas Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Reibbelags für eine Fahrzeugbremse |
US20200025262A1 (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-23 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for producing an automotive friction material with optimized multi dimensional construction |
DE102018118441A1 (de) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | Tmd Friction Services Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bremsbelägen |
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- 2011-08-09 JP JP2013523530A patent/JP6002131B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN113544399A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2021-10-22 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | 湿式离合器摩擦板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6002131B2 (ja) | 2016-10-05 |
DE102010033876A1 (de) | 2012-02-16 |
CN103080583B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
BR112013002935A2 (pt) | 2020-05-26 |
KR101834030B1 (ko) | 2018-03-02 |
EP2603709B1 (de) | 2018-10-10 |
KR20130092576A (ko) | 2013-08-20 |
ES2702992T3 (es) | 2019-03-06 |
US9718093B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
US20130161144A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
US20150118392A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
JP2013535635A (ja) | 2013-09-12 |
BR112013002935B1 (pt) | 2021-05-18 |
EP2603709A1 (de) | 2013-06-19 |
CN103080583A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
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