WO2012017671A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012017671A1 WO2012017671A1 PCT/JP2011/004443 JP2011004443W WO2012017671A1 WO 2012017671 A1 WO2012017671 A1 WO 2012017671A1 JP 2011004443 W JP2011004443 W JP 2011004443W WO 2012017671 A1 WO2012017671 A1 WO 2012017671A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/38—Heating by cathodic discharges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1288—Application of a tension-inducing coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24628—Nonplanar uniform thickness material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a so-called grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which crystal grains are accumulated in a Miller index ⁇ 110 ⁇ parallel to the plate surface and ⁇ 001> parallel to the rolling direction.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention is a soft magnetic material, and is mainly suitable as an iron core of electrical equipment such as a transformer.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is mainly used as an iron core of electrical equipment such as a transformer, and is required to have excellent magnetization characteristics, particularly low iron loss.
- magnetic flux density B 8 at a magnetic field strength of 800 A / m and iron loss W 17/50 per kg of steel sheet when magnetized up to 1.7 T with an alternating magnetic field with an excitation frequency of 50 Hz are mainly used. It is done.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for reducing the iron loss by narrowing the magnetic domain width by irradiating the final product plate with laser and introducing a linear high dislocation density region into the steel sheet surface layer.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a technique for controlling the magnetic domain width by electron beam irradiation.
- the present invention has been developed in view of the above-mentioned present situation, and has been a concern in the past even after artificial domain subdivision processing by strain introduction processing at high energy that can obtain the maximum effect of reducing iron loss.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that effectively reduces the warpage of the steel sheet and has a sufficiently low iron loss.
- the gist configuration of the present invention is as follows. 1.
- Directionality in which the tension applied to the steel plate surface of the tension-imparting coating before the strain introduction treatment satisfies the relationship of the following formula (1), and the warpage of the steel plate after the strain introduction treatment is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less. Electrical steel sheet.
- the amount of warpage of the steel sheet indicates the amount of displacement between the end opposite to the fixed end when a sample with a length of 280 mm in the rolling direction is fixed with the perpendicular direction in the rolling direction being perpendicular and sandwiching one end in the rolling direction at 30 mm.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a tension-imparting base coating on the surface of the steel sheet and introducing a strain on one side of the steel sheet to change the magnetic domain structure,
- the amount of warpage of the steel sheet indicates the amount of displacement between the end opposite to the fixed end when a sample with a length of 280 mm in the rolling direction is fixed with the perpendicular direction in the rolling direction being perpendicular and sandwiching one end in the rolling direction at 30 mm.
- the amount of warpage of the steel sheet indicates the amount of displacement between the end opposite to the fixed end when a sample with a length of 280 mm in the rolling direction is fixed with the perpendicular direction in the rolling direction being perpendicular and sandwiching one end in the rolling direction at 30 mm.
- the warpage of the steel plate which has been a problem in the past, can be greatly reduced, and the iron loss reduction effect can be obtained.
- the present invention will be specifically described below.
- the strain introduction surface and the opposite surface (hereinafter referred to as non-strain introduction surface) Therefore, it is considered a problem in the past by increasing the tension applied to the non-strain-introducing surface. It is characterized in that it suppresses the warpage of the steel plate at the strain introduction surface.
- the process of changing the magnetic domain structure by introducing strain on one side of the steel sheet is called a magnetic domain refinement process.
- a magnetic domain refinement process there is no problem even if the strain introduced into one surface of the steel plate affects the magnetic domain structure on the opposite surface of the steel plate.
- the undercoat is usually a so-called subscale consisting of firelite (Fe 2 SiO 4 ) and silica (SiO 2 ) formed on the steel plate surface before final finish annealing and magnesia (MgO) applied as an annealing separator.
- firelite Fe 2 SiO 4
- silica SiO 2
- MgO magnesia
- the insulating coating is usually applied immediately before the flattening annealing performed after the final finish annealing, and tensile stress is applied to the steel plate side due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the steel plate and the insulating coating during the flattening annealing.
- the tensile stress applied to the steel sheet increases in proportion to the thickness of the insulating coating. That is, by changing the thickness of the insulating coating on the front and back surfaces of the steel plate, the tensile stress applied to each of the front and back surfaces of the steel plate can be changed.
- the present invention will be described using experimental data.
- one side was subjected to magnetic domain fragmentation treatment in which an electron beam was irradiated in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction.
- the acceleration voltage was 100 kV
- the irradiation interval was 10 mm
- the beam current was changed to three conditions of 1 mA, 3 mA, and 10 mA.
- the insulation coating tension of the strain-introduced surface and the non-strain-introduced surface was calculated.
- a sample with a length of 280 mm in the rolling direction is placed perpendicular to the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, fixed with a 30 mm end in the rolling direction, and the displacement at the opposite end is simply evaluated as the amount of warpage of the steel sheet. did.
- the tension ratio is 1.2 or more and 1.6 or less, and the amount of warpage of the steel plate toward the strain introduction surface side is 3 mm or more and 8 mm or less.
- W 17/50 ⁇ 0.70 W / kg (plate thickness) : 0.23mm) the iron loss value could be reduced.
- the insulation film tension was controlled by controlling the basis weight of the insulation film after the finish annealing on the strain-introduced surface and the non-strain-introduced surface.
- Forsterite film tension can be controlled, for example, by changing the coating amount of the annealing separator before the finish annealing.
- the irradiation direction is a direction crossing the rolling direction, preferably 60 to 90 ° with respect to the rolling direction, and is preferably irradiated linearly at intervals of about 3 to 15 mm.
- “linear” includes not only a solid line but also a dotted line and a broken line.
- it is effective to apply an acceleration voltage of 10 to 200 kV, a current of 0.005 to 10 mA, and a beam diameter of 0.005 to 1 mm in a linear form.
- the power density depends on the scanning speed of the laser beam, but is preferably in the range of 100 to 10000 W / mm 2 . Also effective is a method in which the power density is constant and the power density is periodically changed by modulation.
- a semiconductor laser-excited fiber laser or the like is effective as an excitation source.
- Si 2.0 to 8.0% by mass
- Si 2.0-8.0% by mass
- Si is an element effective for increasing the electrical resistance of steel and improving iron loss.
- the content is 2.0% by mass or more, the effect of reducing iron loss is particularly good.
- the Si content is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 8.0% by mass.
- C 0.08% by mass or less C is added to improve the texture, but if it exceeds 0.08% by mass, the burden of reducing C to 50 mass ppm or less at which no magnetic aging occurs during the manufacturing process increases. 0.08% by mass or less is preferable.
- the lower limit since a secondary recrystallization is possible even for a material not containing C, it is not particularly necessary to provide it.
- Mn 0.005 to 1.0 mass% Mn is an element necessary for improving the hot workability, but if the content is less than 0.005% by mass, the effect of addition is poor. On the other hand, when the content is 1.0% by mass or less, the magnetic flux density of the product plate is particularly good. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 1.0% by mass.
- an inhibitor when used to cause secondary recrystallization, for example, Al and N are used when an AlN inhibitor is used, and Mn and Se are used when an MnS ⁇ MnSe inhibitor is used. And / or an appropriate amount of S may be contained.
- both inhibitors may be used in combination.
- the preferred contents of Al, N, S and Se are Al: 0.01 to 0.065 mass%, N: 0.005 to 0.012 mass%, S: 0.005 to 0.03 mass%, and Se: 0.005 to 0.03 mass%, respectively.
- the present invention can also be applied to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets in which the contents of Al, N, S, and Se are limited and no inhibitor is used.
- the amounts of Al, N, S and Se are preferably suppressed to Al: 100 mass ppm or less, N: 50 mass ppm or less, S: 50 mass ppm or less, and Se: 50 mass ppm or less.
- Ni 0.03-1.50 mass%
- Sn 0.01-1.50 mass%
- Sb 0.005-1.50 mass%
- Cu 0.03-3.0 mass%
- P 0.03-0.50 mass%
- Mo 0.005-0.10 mass%
- Cr At least one Ni selected from 0.03 to 1.50 mass% is an element useful for further improving the hot rolled sheet structure and further improving the magnetic properties.
- the content is less than 0.03% by mass, the effect of improving the magnetic properties is small.
- the content is 1.5% by mass or less, the stability of secondary recrystallization is increased, and the magnetic properties are further improved.
- the Ni content is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 1.5% by mass.
- Sn, Sb, Cu, P, Mo and Cr are elements useful for improving the magnetic properties, respectively, but if any of them is less than the lower limit of each component described above, the effect of improving the magnetic properties is small, When the amount is not more than the upper limit amount of each component described above, the development of secondary recrystallized grains is the best. For this reason, it is preferable to make it contain in said range, respectively.
- the balance other than the above components is inevitable impurities and Fe mixed in the manufacturing process.
- one having a magnetic flux density B 8 of 1.90 T or more is advantageously adapted. This is because, when the magnetic flux density B 8 is low, the deviation angle between the rolling direction and ⁇ 001> of the secondary recrystallized grains in the final finish annealed sheet increases, and the elevation angle from the steel sheet of ⁇ 001> (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ angle). ) Also increases. When the misalignment angle is increased, the hysteresis loss is deteriorated, and when the ⁇ angle is increased, the magnetic domain width is narrowed, and the effect of reducing the iron loss by the magnetic domain subdivision process cannot be obtained sufficiently. More preferably, B 8 ⁇ 1.92T.
- the steel slab having the component composition described above is a grain oriented electrical steel sheet in which a tensile insulating coating is formed after secondary recrystallization annealing through a process generally following that of grain oriented electrical steel sheets. That is, hot rolling is performed after slab heating, the final sheet thickness is obtained by one or more cold rolling sandwiching intermediate annealing, and then decarburization / primary recrystallization annealing is performed. The annealed separating agent is applied, and a final finish annealing including a secondary recrystallization process and a purification process is performed.
- MgO as a main component means that it may contain a known annealing separator component or property improving component other than MgO as long as it does not inhibit the formation of the forsterite film which is the object of the present invention. To do. Thereafter, for example, a coating treatment liquid mainly composed of colloidal silica and one or more of phosphates such as Al, Mg, Ca, and Zn may be applied and baked to form a tension-imparting insulating film.
- the main component is colloidal silica and one or more of phosphates such as Al, Mg, Ca, Zn, etc., as long as they do not hinder the formation of the insulating coating targeted by the present invention. It means that a known insulating coating component or characteristic improving component may be contained.
- the surface on which strain is to be introduced (strain-introduced surface) and strain are scheduled to be introduced.
- heat strain-type magnetic domain subdivision treatment is performed from the strain-introduced surface (surface where the steel sheet becomes convex), The degree of magnetic domain subdivision (irradiation intensity of electron beam, laser, etc.) is adjusted so that the amount of warpage falls within a predetermined range.
- Example 1 Si 3% by mass final thickness: Cold-rolled sheet rolled to 0.23mm is decarburized and primary recrystallization annealed, and then an annealing separator mainly composed of MgO is applied, followed by secondary recrystallization. A final annealing process including a process and a purification process was performed to obtain a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a forsterite film. Next, a coating treatment liquid composed of 50% colloidal silica and magnesium phosphate was applied and baked at 850 ° C. to form a tension-imparting insulating film.
- tensile_strength by the insulating film in the steel plate front and back was changed by changing the fabric weight of an insulating film only on the single side
- the magnetic domain subdivision process which irradiates an electron beam in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was performed on one side.
- the electron beam was applied to one side of the steel sheet under the conditions of acceleration voltage: 100 kV, irradiation interval: 10 mm, and beam current: 3 mA.
- the value of (unstrained introduction surface applied tension) / (strain introduced surface applied tension) is 1.0 or more and 2.0 or less before the electron beam irradiation, and is applied to the strain introduced surface side.
- the iron loss W 17/50 after electron beam irradiation could be reduced to 0.75 W / kg or less.
- Example 2 Si 3.2% by mass
- Final sheet thickness Cold-rolled sheet rolled to 0.23mm is decarburized and primary recrystallization annealed, and then applied with an annealing separator containing MgO as the main component, followed by secondary recrystallization
- a final annealing process including a process and a purification process was performed to obtain a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a forsterite film.
- a coating treatment liquid composed of 60% colloidal silica and aluminum phosphate was applied and baked at 800 ° C. to form a tension-imparting insulating film.
- tensile_strength by the insulating film in the steel plate front and back was changed by changing the fabric weight of an insulating film only on the single side
- the magnetic domain subdivision process which irradiates a continuous laser in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was performed on one side.
- the laser was continuously irradiated on one side of the steel sheet under the conditions of beam diameter: 0.3 mm, output: 200 W, scanning speed: 100 m / s, and rolling direction interval: 5 mm.
- the value of (unstrained introduction surface tension) / (strain introduction surface tension) is 1.0 or more and 2.0 or less, and the steel plate toward the strain introduction surface before laser irradiation.
- the warp amount was 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, the iron loss W 17/50 after laser irradiation could be reduced to 0.75 W / kg or less.
- Example 3 Si 3.6% by mass
- Final sheet thickness Cold-rolled sheet rolled to 0.27mm, decarburized and primary recrystallization annealed, then coated with an annealing separator containing MgO as the main component, followed by secondary recrystallization
- a final annealing process including a process and a purification process was performed to obtain a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a forsterite film.
- the tension applied by the forsterite coating on the front and back surfaces of the steel sheet was changed by changing the basis weight of the annealing separator on only one side of the steel sheet.
- a coating treatment liquid composed of 50% colloidal silica and magnesium phosphate was applied and baked at 850 ° C.
- the magnetic domain subdivision process which irradiates an electron beam in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was performed on one side.
- the electron beam was applied to one side of the steel sheet under the conditions of an acceleration voltage of 80 kV, an irradiation interval of 8 mm, and a beam current of 7 mA.
- the value of (unstrained introduction surface applied tension) / (strain introduced surface applied tension) is 1.0 or more and 2.0 or less before the electron beam irradiation, and is applied to the strain introduced surface side.
- the iron loss W 17/50 after the electron beam irradiation could be reduced to 0.80 W / kg or less.
- Example 4 Si 3.3% by mass
- Final sheet thickness Cold rolled sheet rolled to 0.20mm, decarburized and primary recrystallization annealed, then applied with an annealing separator containing MgO as the main component, followed by secondary recrystallization
- a final annealing process including a process and a purification process was performed to obtain a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a forsterite film.
- the tension applied by the forsterite coating on the front and back surfaces of the steel sheet was changed by changing the basis weight of the annealing separator on only one side of the steel sheet.
- a coating treatment liquid composed of 50% colloidal silica and magnesium phosphate was applied and baked at 850 ° C.
- the magnetic domain subdivision process which irradiates a continuous laser in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was performed on one side.
- the laser was continuously irradiated on one side of the steel sheet under the conditions of beam diameter: 0.1 mm, output: 150 W, scanning speed: 100 m / s, and rolling direction interval: 5 mm.
- the value of (unstrained introduction surface tension) / (strain introduction surface tension) is 1.0 or more and 2.0 or less, and the steel plate toward the strain introduction surface before laser irradiation.
- the iron loss W 17/50 after laser irradiation could be reduced to 0.65 W / kg or less.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の方向性電磁鋼板は、軟磁性材料であり、主に変圧器等の電気機器の鉄芯として好適なものである。
しかしながら、結晶方位の制御や不純物の低減は、製造コストとの兼ね合い等で限界があることから、鋼板の表面に対して物理的な手法で不均一性を導入して、人工的に磁区幅を細分化して鉄損を低減する技術、すなわち磁区細分化技術が開発されている。
また、特許文献2には、電子ビームの照射により磁区幅を制御する技術が提案されている。
鋼板に反りが発生すると、変圧器等に組む際のハンドリング性の低下や、形状に起因した履歴損の劣化、変圧器等に組んだ際の弾性歪み導入に起因した履歴損の劣化等が考えられ、製造面および特性面の両面での不利が著しい。
1.鋼板表面に張力付与型の絶縁被膜をそなえ、鋼板の片面に歪みを導入して磁区構造を変化させた方向性電磁鋼板であって、
歪み導入処理前における張力付与型絶縁被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(1)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が1mm以上10mm以下である方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.0≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦2.0 --- (1)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。
記
1.2≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦1.6 --- (2)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。
歪み導入処理前における張力付与型下地被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(3)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が1mm以上10mm以下である方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.0≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦2.0 --- (3)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。
記
1.2≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦1.6 --- (4)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。
本発明では、鉄損低減効果を最大限に得ることができる歪み導入処理による人工磁区細分化処理を施した方向性電磁鋼板において、歪み導入面とその反対側の面(以下、非歪み導入面と称す)とで鋼板表面に対する、張力付与型下地被膜または張力付与型絶縁被膜の付与張力に差をつける、具体的には非歪み導入面に対する付与張力を大きくすることによって、従来問題とされていた歪み導入面での鋼板の反りを抑制するところに特徴がある。
なお、本発明では、鋼板の片面に歪を導入して磁区構造を変化させる処理を磁区細分化処理と呼ぶ。ここで、鋼板の片面に導入した歪が鋼板の反対面の磁区構造にまで影響を及ぼしても問題はない。
また、鋼板に付与される引張応力は、絶縁被膜の厚みに比例して増大することも知られている。つまり、鋼板表裏面における絶縁被膜の厚みを変化させることで、鋼板表裏面それぞれに付与される引張応力を変化させることができる。
以下、実験データを用いて本発明を説明する。
その後、圧延方向と直角方向に電子ビームを照射する磁区細分化処理を片面に施した。
電子ビームの照射条件については、加速電圧:100kV、照射間隔:10mmは一定とし、ビーム電流を1mA、3mA、10mAの3条件に変化させた。
まず、測定面にテープを貼ってアルカリ水溶液に浸漬させることで非測定面の絶縁被膜を剥離し、次に図1に示すように、鋼板の反り具合としてLとXを測定し、次の2式
L=2Rsin(θ/2)
X=R{1-cos(θ/2)}
より、曲率半径Rは、
R=(L2+4X2)/8X
となることから、この式にLおよびXを代入して曲率半径Rを算出する。ついで、算出した曲率半径Rを、次式に代入すれば、地鉄表面の引張応力σを求めることができる。
σ=E・ε=E・(d/2R)
ただし、E:ヤング率(E100=1.4×105 MPa)
ε:地鉄界面歪み(板厚中央でε=0)
d:板厚
また、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、図2に示すように、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定し、反対端の変位量を簡易的に鋼板反り量として評価した。
同図より、(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)を大きくすることで、つまり非歪み導入面での絶縁被膜による付与張力を増大させることで、歪み導入面側への鋼板の反り量が減少されることが分かる。また、電子ビームの電流値にもよるが、張力比が1.9近傍で鋼板の反り量はほぼ0になり、張力比がそれ以上になると逆に非歪み導入面へ鋼板が反ることが分かる。
しかしながら、鉄損値の改善効果を考慮して詳細に調査した結果、張力比を1.0以上2.0以下とした上で、歪み導入面側への鋼板反り量が1mm以上10mm以下の場合に、W17/50≦0.75W/kg(板厚:0.23mm)の低鉄損値が得られることが判明した。より好ましくは、張力比が1.2以上1.6以下で、かつ歪み導入面側への鋼板反り量が3mm以上8mm以下の範囲であり、この場合には、W17/50≦0.70W/kg(板厚:0.23mm)まで鉄損値を低下させることができた。
本実験では、歪み導入面と非歪み導入面とで仕上焼鈍後の絶縁被膜の目付け量を制御する手法で絶縁被膜張力を制御したが、これを仕上焼鈍後のフォルステライト被膜張力を制御する手法を用いても同様の効果を得ることができる。フォルステライト被膜張力は、例えば仕上焼鈍前の焼鈍分離剤の塗布量を変化させることで制御することができる。
電子ビームの場合、10~200kVの加速電圧、0.005~10mAの電流、ビームの直径は0.005~1mmを用いて、線状に施すのが効果的である。一方、連続レーザーの場合、パワー密度はレーザー光の走査速度に依存するが100~10000 W/mm2の範囲が好ましい。また、パワー密度は一定とし、変調を行ってパワー密度を周期的に変化させる手法も有効である。励起源としては半導体レーザー励起のファイバーレーザー等が有効である。
Si:2.0~8.0質量%
Siは、鋼の電気抵抗を高め、鉄損を改善するのに有効な元素であるが、含有量が2.0質量%以上でとくに鉄損低減効果が良好である。一方、8.0質量%以下の場合、とくに優れた加工性や磁束密度を得ることができる。従って、Si量は2.0~8.0質量%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
C:0.08質量%以下
Cは、集合組織の改善のために添加をするが、0.08質量%を超えると製造工程中に磁気時効の起こらない50質量ppm以下までCを低減する負担が増大するため、0.08質量%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、下限に関しては、Cを含まない素材でも二次再結晶が可能であるので特に設ける必要はない。
Mnは、熱間加工性を良好にする上で必要な元素であるが、含有量が0.005質量%未満ではその添加効果に乏しい。一方、1.0質量%以下とすると製品板の磁束密度がとくに良好となる。このため、Mn量は0.005~1.0質量%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
さらに、本発明は、Al、N、S、Seの含有量を制限した、インヒビターを使用しない方向性電磁鋼板にも適用することができる。
この場合には、Al、N、SおよびSe量はそれぞれ、Al:100 質量ppm以下、N:50 質量ppm以下、S:50 質量ppm以下、Se:50 質量ppm以下に抑制することが好ましい。
Ni:0.03~1.50質量%、Sn:0.01~1.50質量%、Sb:0.005~1.50質量%、Cu:0.03~3.0質量%、P:0.03~0.50質量%、Mo:0.005~0.10質量%およびCr:0.03~1.50質量%のうちから選んだ少なくとも1種
Niは、熱延板組織をさらに改善して磁気特性を一層向上させるために有用な元素である。しかしながら、含有量が0.03質量%未満では磁気特性の向上効果が小さく、一方1.5質量%以下ではとくに二次再結晶の安定性が増し、磁気特性がさらに改善される。そのため、Ni量は0.03~1.5質量%の範囲とするのが好ましい。
また、Sn、Sb、Cu、P、MoおよびCrはそれぞれ磁気特性の向上に有用な元素であるが、いずれも上記した各成分の下限に満たないと、磁気特性の向上効果が小さく、一方、上記した各成分の上限量以下の場合、二次再結晶粒の発達が最も良好となる。このため、それぞれ上記の範囲で含有させることが好ましい。
より好ましくはB8≧1.92Tである。
その後、例えばコロイダルシリカおよびAl、Mg、Ca、Zn等の燐酸塩の1種または2種以上を主成分とするコーティング処理液を塗布・焼付けて、張力付与型の絶縁被膜を形成すればよい。ここで、コロイダルシリカおよびAl、Mg、Ca、Zn等の燐酸塩の1種または2種以上を主成分とするとは、本発明の目的とする絶縁被膜の形成を阻害しない範囲で、上記以外の公知の絶縁コーティング成分や特性改善成分を含有してもよいことを意味する。
Si:3質量%を含有する最終板厚:0.23mmに圧延された冷延板を、脱炭・一次再結晶焼鈍した後、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、二次再結晶過程と純化過程を含む最終焼鈍を施し、フォルステライト被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を得た。
ついで、50%のコロイダルシリカとリン酸マグネシウムからなるコーティング処理液を塗布し、850℃で焼付けて、張力付与型の絶縁被膜を形成した。この時、鋼板の片面のみ絶縁被膜の目付け量を変更することで鋼板表裏面での絶縁被膜による付与張力を変化させた。
ついで、圧延方向と直角方向に電子ビームを照射する磁区細分化処理を片面に施した。電子ビームは、加速電圧:100kV、照射間隔:10mm、ビーム電流:3mAの条件で、鋼板の片面に照射した。
Si:3.2質量%を含有する最終板厚:0.23mmに圧延された冷延板を、脱炭・一次再結晶焼鈍した後、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、二次再結晶過程と純化過程を含む最終焼鈍を施し、フォルステライト被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を得た。
ついで、60%のコロイダルシリカとリン酸アルミニウムからなるコーティング処理液を塗布し、800℃で焼付けて、張力付与型の絶縁被膜を形成した。この時、鋼板の片面のみ絶縁被膜の目付け量を変更することで鋼板表裏面での絶縁被膜による付与張力を変化させた。
ついで、圧延方向と直角方向に連続レーザーを照射する磁区細分化処理を片面に施した。レーザーは、ビーム径:0.3mm、出力:200W、走査速度:100m/s、圧延方向間隔:5mmの条件で、鋼板片面に連続照射した。
Si:3.6質量%を含有する最終板厚:0.27mmに圧延された冷延板を、脱炭・一次再結晶焼鈍した後、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、二次再結晶過程と純化過程を含む最終焼鈍を施し、フォルステライト被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を得た。このとき、鋼板の片面のみ焼鈍分離剤の目付け量を変更することで鋼板表裏面でのフォルステライト被膜による付与張力を変化させた。
ついで、50%のコロイダルシリカとリン酸マグネシウムからなるコーティング処理液を塗布し、850℃で焼付けて、張力付与型の絶縁被膜を形成した。
ついで、圧延方向と直角方向に電子ビームを照射する磁区細分化処理を片面に施した。電子ビームは、加速電圧:80kV、照射間隔:8mm、ビーム電流:7mAの条件で、鋼板の片面に照射した。
Si:3.3質量%を含有する最終板厚:0.20mmに圧延された冷延板を、脱炭・一次再結晶焼鈍した後、MgOを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布し、二次再結晶過程と純化過程を含む最終焼鈍を施し、フォルステライト被膜を有する方向性電磁鋼板を得た。このとき、鋼板の片面のみ焼鈍分離剤の目付け量を変更することで鋼板表裏面でのフォルステライト被膜による付与張力を変化させた。
ついで、50%のコロイダルシリカとリン酸マグネシウムからなるコーティング処理液を塗布し、850℃で焼付けて、張力付与型の絶縁被膜を形成した。
ついで、圧延方向と直角方向に連続レーザーを照射する磁区細分化処理を片面に施した。レーザーは、ビーム径:0.1mm、出力:150W、走査速度:100m/s、圧延方向間隔:5mmの条件で、鋼板片面に連続照射した。
Claims (6)
- 鋼板表面に張力付与型の絶縁被膜をそなえ、鋼板の片面に歪みを導入して磁区構造を変化させた方向性電磁鋼板であって、
歪み導入処理前における張力付与型絶縁被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(1)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が1mm以上10mm以下である方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.0≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦2.0 --- (1)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。 - 歪み導入処理前における張力付与型絶縁被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(2)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が3mm以上8mm以下である請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.2≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦1.6 --- (2)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。 - 鋼板表面に張力付与型の下地被膜をそなえ、鋼板の片面に歪みを導入して磁区構造を変化させた方向性電磁鋼板であって、
歪み導入処理前における張力付与型下地被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(3)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が1mm以上10mm以下である方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.0≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦2.0 --- (3)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。 - 歪み導入処理前における張力付与型下地被膜の鋼板面に対する付与張力が下記(4)式の関係を満足し、かつ歪み導入処理後における歪み導入面の鋼板反り量が3mm以上8mm以下である請求項3に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
記
1.2≦(非歪み導入面の付与張力)/(歪み導入面の付与張力)≦1.6 --- (4)
ただし、鋼板反り量とは、圧延方向長さ280mmのサンプルについて、圧延直角方向を垂直に置き、圧延方向片端30mmを挟んで固定した際の、固定した端と反対端の変位量を示す。 - 歪み導入処理が、電子ビーム照射である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 歪み導入処理が、連続レーザー照射である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
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WO2013099274A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその鉄損改善方法 |
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JP5884944B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-19 | 2016-03-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 |
JP6350398B2 (ja) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-07-04 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 |
US20190112685A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2019-04-18 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method of producing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet |
RU2749507C1 (ru) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-06-11 | ДжФЕ СТИЛ КОРПОРЕЙШН | Лист из электротехнической стали с фиксированным изоляционным покрытием и способ его изготовления |
JP7299464B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-03 | 2023-06-28 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板、巻鉄心変圧器用方向性電磁鋼板、巻鉄心の製造方法及び巻鉄心変圧器の製造方法 |
EP4123038A4 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-04-26 | Nippon Steel Corporation | GRAIN ORIENTED ELECTROMAGNETIC STEEL SHEET, AND METHOD FOR MAKING GRAIN ORIENTED ELECTROMAGNETIC STEEL SHEET |
CN114762911B (zh) * | 2021-01-11 | 2023-05-09 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种低磁致伸缩取向硅钢及其制造方法 |
CN117265361A (zh) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种低磁致伸缩取向硅钢板的制造方法及取向硅钢板 |
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EP2602343A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN103080352A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
BR112013004050B1 (pt) | 2019-07-02 |
US9240266B2 (en) | 2016-01-19 |
US20130143003A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
JP5866850B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
KR20130048774A (ko) | 2013-05-10 |
CN103080352B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
KR101530450B1 (ko) | 2015-06-22 |
EP2602343B1 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
JP2012052228A (ja) | 2012-03-15 |
MX342804B (es) | 2016-10-13 |
MX2013000419A (es) | 2013-02-07 |
BR112013004050A2 (pt) | 2016-07-05 |
EP2602343A4 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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