WO2012016557A2

WO2012016557A2 - Door unit

Info

Publication number: WO2012016557A2
Application number: PCT/DE2011/001296
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernhard Kordowski; Holger Schiffer
Original assignee: Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2010-06-17
Filing date: 2011-06-16
Publication date: 2012-02-09
Also published as: WO2012016557A3; DE202010009185U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a door unit, in particular motor vehicle door unit, with a damping device (5) which has at least one chamber (7, 8) filled with a hydraulic medium and a displacer (9) which is movable in at least one direction (clockwise, anticlockwise) in the chamber (7, 8), wherein the displacer (9) is acted upon by a drive shaft (4) following the movement of the door wing (1), and the chamber (7, 8) communicates with at least one large-sized passage channel (10, 11), at least one average-sized passage channel (10) and at least one small-sized damping channel (10, 12), depending on the position of the displacer (9).

Description

door unit

Description:

The invention relates to a door unit, in particular a motor vehicle door unit, having a damping device which has at least one chamber filled with a hydraulic medium and a displaceable body movable in at least one direction in the chamber, wherein the displacer is acted upon by a drive shaft following the movement of the door leaf ,

Usually, such door units or motor vehicle door units are mechanically damped by individual stops in their movement or experienced a finding. Moreover, there are already approaches in the generic state of the art according to US Pat. No. 5,410,777 to realize stepless damping and positioning. In the known teaching is worked with a displacement body in the form of a wiper. The filled with the hydraulic medium chamber has a plurality of openings. Depending on the movement of the wiper, the liquid can be discharged through individual outlets connected to the openings. A circulation of the hydraulic medium is possible.

Apart from the fact that the structure is designed to be relatively complex, it is noticeable that the damping can be set or varied only with extreme difficulty in terms of its generated damping force.

For a comparable judgment one arrives at consideration of the likewise generic publication according to DE 20 2004 003 546 U1. This is about a hinge door holder for vehicle doors. In this case, designed as a continuous hydraulic system locking device is provided. In this context, leaves a second on the door

determine fixed functional part within a certain range of motion hydraulically relative to a first functional part in any relative rotational positions. By applying a first relatively higher breakaway torque and then a relatively lower moment of motion, the second functional part can be moved.

The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a door unit, in particular motor vehicle door unit, so that different damping forces are provided for the movement of the door leaf, in a structurally particularly simple manner.

To solve this technical problem, a generic door unit in the invention is characterized in that the chamber filled with the hydraulic medium communicates with at least one large-sized passage and a small-sized damping channel depending on the position of the displacement body, preferably with three passage channels unterschliedlichen cross section. In the context of the invention, therefore, the position of the displacement body is compared with the filled with the hydraulic medium chamber respectively queried and compared to a housing of the damping device used to distinguish between the large-sized passageway, the middle passageway and the small-sized damping channel. That is, the switching between the different damping stages connected on the one hand with the large-sized passage channel and on the other hand, the small-scale damping channel via the position and position of the displacement body. This can basically be done electronically. As a rule, the position of the

Displacement body, however, mechanically implemented in a later to be described in more detail switching between the two channels.

As the name implies, the communication of the chamber with the large-sized passageway corresponds to a low or relatively low damping of the movement of the door leaf. In contrast, the door is strongly attenuated in its movements as soon as the chamber communicates with the small-sized damping channel. For the displaced in the chamber of the displacement body volume of the hydraulic medium is more or less constant when the displacement body sweeps over a certain angle of rotation in its rotating movement. If this displaced volume of hydraulic medium now strikes the large-size passage, the displacement of the hydraulic medium is not or hardly obstructed, so that the door leaf movement experiences limited damping. In contrast, movements of the door are slowed down greatly when the displaced hydraulic medium must pass through the small-scale damping channel.

To realize this in detail, the displacement body is equipped in its interior with at least one opening channel. Mostly at least two opening channels are provided. Because the damping device is usually designed as a rotational damping device, thus has an overall rotationally symmetrical structure. In this case, at least two opening channels are provided, namely one opening channel for each direction of rotation of the displacement body. That is, an orifice passage corresponds to, for example, clockwise movement of the displacer body, whereas the other orifice passage is counteracted in a counterclockwise motion of the displacer body.

Depending on the installation conditions can be used with multiple opening channels, which are arranged in the longitudinal extension of the displacement body. Mostly one will place the individual opening channels in a row arrangement with each other, on a common axis. This is of course only an example and not necessarily to understand.

Each opening channel in the interior of the displacement body is advantageously equipped with at least one opening valve. The opening valve may be associated with a damper or fluid damper, which limits the flow velocity of the hydraulic medium flowing through the opening channel to specific and predetermined values. Basically, the effect of this damper can also be set adjustable. Mostly, the opening valve is a check valve. This means that the opening valve opens only after a certain built-up pressure against the force of a spring and not before. As soon as this so-called opening pressure is exceeded, the opening valve in question is opened. However, if the pressure in the interior of the chamber falls below this opening pressure, then the opening valve - acted upon by the spring - automatically and mechanically closed. Since the opening valve or check valve functions only opens in a flow direction of the hydraulic medium, the two opening channels are provided for each direction of rotation of the displacement body. That is, an opening channel with associated opening valve belongs, for example, to the clockwise rotation of the displacer, whereas the other opening channel belongs to the oppositely acting opening valve or check valve for counterclockwise rotation of the displacer.

The opening channel can communicate with an overflow channel on the output side. The design is usually made so that the overflow covers only a certain part of the swept by the displacement body path. In this area, the opening channel defines, together with the overflow channel, the large-sized passage channel. In fact, a more or less pronounced damping of the movement of the door leaf takes place in this area. Because the displaced by means of the displacement body medium can penetrate through the opening channel in this and opens from a certain and predetermined by the spring of the opening valve opening pressure said opening valve. After the opening pressure is exceeded, the hydraulic medium flows through the opening channel and on the output side into the overflow channel. From here, the hydraulic medium can basically be removed. As a rule, however, the hydraulic medium is circulated. Then the displaced hydraulic medium is directed to another second chamber.

That is, the displacement body displaces by its movement, the hydraulic medium from the first chamber via the at least one opening channel, the opening valve and the overflow into the second chamber. In this case, the interpretation is usually made such that both chambers are arranged adjacent to the displacement body and the displacement body subdivides a common chamber filled with the hydraulic medium into the first chamber and the second chamber. Of course this is not mandatory.

In any case, learns the displacement body and with it the connected to the drive shaft for the displacement door a more or less strong damping of its movement when the hydraulic medium through the

large-sized passageway flows. In this connection, even a subdivision of the damping effect can be made in the large-sized passage channel. Because the overflow is advantageously equipped with a lead over the displacement body, and that at the beginning of its movement. Thus, for example, if the door is completely closed, at the beginning of its movement, the described overflow of the overflow is connected to the first chamber. As soon as the door leaf is moved starting from this position, the hydraulic medium in the first chamber is displaced by the displacement body, namely in the lead-over of the overflow channel.

Since the overflow channel usually has no built-in valve, the hydraulic medium is virtually free of resistance passed through the overflow and enters the second chamber. The overfeed of the overflow channel thus ensures a virtually resistance-free start-up of the door leaf. Also in this case, the large-sized passage passage is realized because the opening passage communicates with the transfer passage. Only this flow path in the region of the overflow of the overflow from the hydraulic medium is not used at all. Because in this area, the overfeed of the overflow is available and there is a virtually resistance-free displacement of the hydraulic medium from the first chamber into the second chamber. In this way, a closed motor vehicle door or a door can easily issue up to a certain angle. This angle depends on the geometric conditions and the arc angle swept by the overflow of the overflow channel.

Once the displacement body has closed due to the movement of the door leaf, the lead of the overflow, the displaced from the first chamber hydraulic medium enters the opening channel. The movement is damped because the displacement body can only be moved further when the opening pressure for the opening valve is exceeded within the first chamber. Once this is the case, the opening channel is passed and there is a damped movement of the door leaf, because the opening channel has a smaller compared to the overflow channel cross-section. On the output side of the opening channel, the hydraulic medium displaced from the first chamber can enter the overflow channel and from there into the second chamber.

As soon as the opening channel is outside the area defined by the overflow channel, the opening channel can open into an end position channel. That is, the hydraulic medium displaced from the first chamber is still passed through the opened opening valve and the opening channel. However, on the output side, the hydraulic medium then encounters the previously mentioned end-position channel, which operates in a significantly reduced cross-section compared with the overflow channel and discharges the hydraulic medium displaced from the first chamber only with high resistance into the second chamber. As a result, a so-called "cushioning" takes place in this area. This is desired and reflects the fact that a door should only achieve a limited and maximum opening angle with respect to the associated motor vehicle body. This maximum opening angle is achieved in the area of the end position damping. Because at the end of this area, the movement of the displacement body is usually slowed down mechanically anyway. At this point there is usually a stop.

As a rule, the entire damping device is rotationally symmetrical, in comparison with the centrally arranged drive shaft. The drive shaft is coupled directly or indirectly to the door leaf and transmits its rotational movements to the displacement body. The displacement body moves in an annular space surrounding the drive shaft. In this case, the displacement body divides the said annular space in the already mentioned first chamber and the second chamber. In addition, there is a separating stop in the annulus, which also acts as an end stop for the displacement body in both end positions ("door completely closed" and "door completely open").

To achieve the most compact possible construction, it is recommended that the overflow is integrated into the housing of the damping device. This usually also applies to the end position channel. In addition, the entire damping device may be installed or integrated in a door hinge of the door leaf. In the same direction measures of the invention, according to which the housing is equipped on the head side of the chamber with a surge tank. As a rule, this expansion tank ensures that a constant pressure of the hydraulic medium is available throughout the damping device.

As a result, a door unit with a particularly compact designed damping device is provided. In fact, different damping characteristics of the door leaf can be realized with the aid of the damping device. The switching between the individual damping characteristics takes place in accordance with the position of the displacement body and consequently the position of the door leaf. In this case, essentially work with different flow cross sections.

In the case of small to moderate damping is at the beginning of the movement of the door leaf and a wide adjustment range, a large-sized passage for the hydraulic medium available. In the area of an end position of the door leaf, however, the attenuation is greatly increased, namely, resorting to a small-scale damping channel.

The different channel cross sections are defined by the fact that at least one opening channel present in the displacement body communicates on the output side with channels of completely different cross section. As a result, the flow of hydraulic medium can be controlled as desired, namely purely mechanically and in a particularly simple manner, whereby the realization of a stepless door arrester is possible. Here are the main benefits. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment; show it:

Fig. 1 a door unit according to the invention schematically in a first

configuration

FIG. 2 shows the object according to FIG. 1 in a variant, FIG.

3 shows a longitudinal section through the article according to FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the article according to FIG. 3 and FIG

5 shows another embodiment of the article according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

In Figs. 1 and 2, a door unit is shown, in which it is a motor vehicle door unit. The door unit has in its basic structure a door leaf 1 or swing door leaf 1, which can be pivoted about a pivot point 2 in the direction indicated in FIGS. 1 and 2 (see the double arrow). For this purpose, different pivot angles a correspond. To the door 1 or swing door leaf 1, a motion transmission member 3, 4 is connected in the variant of FIG. 1, which is supported on a body. The motion transmission member 3, 4 is composed in its basic structure of a rack 3 with gear arrangement and a drive shaft 4 together. Since the rack 3 is connected to the pivot door leaf 1 and there meshes with the drive shaft 4, the pivoting movements of the door leaf 1 shown in FIG. 1 correspond to the pivot angle α to that the rack 3 is linearly reciprocated. These movements are transmitted via the gear arrangement to the drive shaft 4, which rotates logically. With the pivoting movement of the door leaf 1 to the pivot angle α is a corresponding travel s of the door leaf 1 is accompanied.

Similarly constructed is the variant of FIG. 2. There is also a motion transmission member 3, 4 realized. This is composed of a door hinge 3, 4, which has a body-mounted element 3 and a movable element with the door 1 4 or composed thereof. The element 4 that can be moved with the door leaf 1 is again the drive shaft 4 to be described in more detail below. As in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 1, corresponding pivoting movements of the door leaf 1 by the pivoting angle α to one

corresponding travel s of the door leaf 1 and a rotation of the drive shaft. 4

In both cases of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the door unit has a damping device 5, which is shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. In particular, with reference to the sectional drawings in Figs. 4 and 5 it can be seen that the damping device 5 has a housing 6. The damping device 5 is formed rotationally symmetrical in the context of the embodiment, in comparison to the centrally arranged drive shaft 4. In the interior of the housing 6, two chambers 7, 8 are formed. In fact, a displacement body 9 divides the two chambers 7, 8 into a first chamber 7 and a second chamber 8, each filled with hydraulic medium. The displacement body 9 is connected to the drive shaft 4.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 3 to 5 it can be seen that the drive shaft 4 and the displacement body 9 form a structural unit. In fact, in the variant according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the displacement body 9 is designed semi-cylindrical in cross-section, whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the displacement body 9 is designed prismatically. Movements of the drive shaft 4 are transmitted directly to the displacement body 9, which displaces either the hydraulic medium from the first chamber 7 into the second chamber 8 or vice versa depending on the direction of rotation of the displacement body 9. That is, the hydraulic medium is guided in the example shown case in a circle between the two chambers 7, 8.

According to the invention, the chamber 7, 8 in question communicates with at least one large-sized passage channel 10, 11 and a small-format one

Damping channel 10, 12, depending on the position of the displacement body 9. This is done in detail as follows.

The displacement body 9 is equipped in its interior with a plurality of opening channels 10. In fact, it can be seen in particular in the longitudinal section according to FIG. 3 that the displacement body 9 has a plurality of opening channels 10 in the longitudinal extent. These opening channels 10 are arranged in a row with each other on an axis. This is of course only an example and not necessarily to understand. Each opening channel 10 is designed in principle as shown in the schematic illustration of FIG. 5.

That is, each opening channel 0 has at least one opening valve 13. In addition, the damper valve 14 may be associated with the opening valve 13. In most cases, the damper 14 is located upstream of the opening valve 13 in the flow direction.

The opening valve 13 is designed as a check valve. For this purpose, the opening valve 13 has a ball 13a, which is acted upon by a spring 13b. As soon as a certain pressure, the opening pressure of the hydraulic medium, acts on the opening valve 13 in question, the ball 13 a is lifted against an associated seat 13 c against the force of the spring 13 b and consequently the hydraulic medium can pass through the opening valve 13. This succeeds only in a flow direction, which is indicated in Fig. 5 by an arrow.

Since the displacement body 9 can be moved in two directions of rotation with respect to the housing 6 (as well as the door leaf 1), in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction, is an opening channel 10 for each

Direction of rotation (clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation) of the displacement body 9 is provided. The opening channel 10 communicates on the outlet side with either an overflow channel 11 or an end layer channel 12.

If the opening channel 10 is connected on the output side to the overflow channel 11, then the previously mentioned passage channel 10, 11 of large format, that is to say with a relatively large flow cross section, is defined in this way. If, on the other hand, the opening channel 10 connects on the output side to the end-position channel 12, the small-size damping channel 10, 12 is defined in this way, which has a significantly smaller cross-section compared to the large-format passage channel 10, 11. It can be seen on the basis of the cross-sectional illustration in FIG. 4 that the overflow channel 11 only covers a specific part of the path covered overall by the displacement body 9. Only in this area defines the overflow channel 11 together with the opening channel 10, the already mentioned passage channel 10, eleventh

Outside the area covered by the overflow channel 11, the opening channel 10 opens into the already mentioned Endlagenkanal 12. Even the Endlagenkanal 12 covers only a certain and predetermined part of the swept by the displacement body 9 way. If the opening channel 10 communicates with the overflow channel 11, then the large-sized passage channel 10, 11 for the flowing hydraulic medium is available from the first chamber 7 into the second chamber 8 or vice versa. A corresponding movement of the door leaf 1 is more or less slightly damped. On the other hand there is a considerable damping ("Endlagendämpfung")

instead, when the opening channel 10 is connected on the output side to the end position channel 12, that is, the replacement of the hydraulic medium via the small-scale damping channel 10, 12 takes place. The large-scale damping channel 10, 1 1 is still equipped with a special feature. In fact, the overflow channel 11 has an overhang 11a relative to the displacement body 9. This lead 11a comes into play at the beginning of the movement of the displacement body 9, when the displacement body 9 is in its initial position shown in FIG. Because starting from this initial position, which usually corresponds to the closed position of the door leaf 1 relative to the motor vehicle body, a virtually resistance-free start-up of the door leaf 1 is ensured. For this, the lead 11a of the overflow channel 11 provides. Because starting from this initial position of the displacement body 9, the hydraulic medium from the first chamber 7 is passed directly via the overflow 11 into the second chamber 8, without the opening channel 10 is passed. Accordingly, the thus displaced hydraulic medium practically does not have to overcome any resistance, so that the described resistance-free start-up is provided.

Only when the displacement body 9 has swept over a certain path, which of course also applies to the door leaf 1, the lead 11a of the overflow 1 is closed and consequently can no longer penetrate directly from the chamber 7 displaced hydraulic medium in the overflow channel 11. Instead, the displaced hydraulic medium now has to pass through the opening channel 10 and the opening valve 13 and the damper 14. The opening channel 10 is connected on the output side to the overflow channel 11, so that the hydraulic medium - damped - from the first

Chamber 7 is displaced into the second chamber 8. In the same way, the door leaf 1 experiences a damping of its movement.

However, this only happens when the opening pressure for the opening valve 13 is overcome. This requires a corresponding and the door leaf 1 attacking force. If the force falls below, the door leaf 1 is detected, and that continuously.

As soon as the door leaf 1 comes close to its end position, an outlet 10 'of the opening channel 10 does not open (more) into the overflow channel 11. Rather, then only the end position channel 12 is available, which with the outlet in question 10' of the opening channel 10 is connected. As a result, the displacement body 9 and consequently also the door leaf 1 experiences a strong damping of its movement. Immediately following this, the displacement body 9 strikes against a stop 15, this also acts as a mechanical stop and prevents the door 1 further open (or closed) can be.

On the head side of the chambers 7, 8, a surge tank 16 is provided in the housing 6. As indicated in FIG. 3, the respective opening channels 10 are connected to this expansion tank 16 via a common bore.

Claims

claims:

1. door unit, in particular motor vehicle door unit, with a damping device (5) which at least one filled with a hydraulic medium chamber (7, 8) and in the chamber (7, 8) in at least one direction (clockwise, counterclockwise) movable displacement body (9), wherein the displacement body (9) by a movement of the door leaf (1) following drive shaft (4) is acted upon, characterized in that the chamber (7, 8) with at least one large-sized passage channel (10, 11), a middle passage channel (10) and a small-sized damping channel (10, 12) depending on the position of the displacement body (9) communicates.

2. door unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacement body (9) is equipped in its interior with at least one opening channel (10).

3. door unit according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two opening channels (10) for each direction of rotation (clockwise, counterclockwise) of the displacement body (9) are provided.

4. Door unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each opening channel (10) is equipped with at least one opening valve (13).

5. door unit according to claim 4, characterized in that each opening valve (13) is associated with a damper (14).

6. door unit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the opening valve (13) is designed as a check valve (13).

7. door unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of opening channels (10) in the longitudinal extension of the displacement body (9) are provided.

8. door unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the opening channel (10) on the output side communicates with an overflow channel (11) and / or a Endlagenkanal (12).

9. door unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the overflow channel (11) and / or the Endlagenkanal (12) covering only a certain part of the displacement body (9) swept way and in this area together with the opening channel (10) the passageway (10, 11) and / or the damping channel (10, 12) defined.

10. Door unit according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the region of the overflow channel (11) and that of the Endlagenkanals (12) are spaced from each other.

11. Door unit according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the overflow channel (11) with an overfeed (11 a) relative to the

Displacement body (9) is equipped at the beginning of his movement.

12. Door unit according to claim 11, characterized in that the overfeed (11a) of the overflow channel (11) ensures a virtually resistance-free start-up of the door leaf (1).

13. Door unit according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the overflow channel (11) and / or the Endlagenkanal (12) in a housing (6) of the damping device (5) are integrated.

14. Door unit according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the damping device (5) is integrated in a door hinge.

15. Door unit according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the housing (6) on the head side of the chamber (7, 8) is equipped with a surge tank (16).