WO2012011514A1 - Procédé pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer et appareil pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer - Google Patents

Procédé pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer et appareil pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer Download PDF

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WO2012011514A1
WO2012011514A1 PCT/JP2011/066503 JP2011066503W WO2012011514A1 WO 2012011514 A1 WO2012011514 A1 WO 2012011514A1 JP 2011066503 W JP2011066503 W JP 2011066503W WO 2012011514 A1 WO2012011514 A1 WO 2012011514A1
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Prior art keywords
building
gas
earthquake
collapse
filling
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PCT/JP2011/066503
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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岩田治幸
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Iwata Haruyuki
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/027—Preventive constructional measures against earthquake damage in existing buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements

Definitions

  • the structure fixed to the whole or a part of the wall surface of the building is instantaneously developed using gas pressure, and the internal pressure of the structure is It is related with the building collapse prevention method and the building collapse prevention apparatus which increase the earthquake resistance of a building instantaneously by controlling.
  • seismic technology is a structural technology that simply withstands earthquake shaking by strengthening the framework of the building using braces, reinforcement hardware, etc. without using a device that prevents earthquake shaking.
  • a new seismic design standard was announced by the amendment of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Order in 1981, and buildings after that are said to have high earthquake resistance.
  • seismic isolation technology is a technology that installs an isolator or damper on the foundation to make it difficult for vibration to be transmitted between the building and the ground, and prevents the earthquake energy from being transmitted to the building by separating the building and the ground. It is.
  • damping technology is a technology that installs dampers, etc., at various locations in a building and causes them to absorb earthquake shaking. This is a technology in which the vibration control device absorbs the deformation of the building that occurs in the event of an earthquake.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses an anti-seismic repair method and an anti-seismic repair structure for an existing building.
  • the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is to divide a wall into upper and lower parts and interpose a viscoelastic body between them, and can increase the amount of horizontal displacement of the frame in the event of an earthquake or the like.
  • an increase in the weight of the housing due to this can be suppressed to a small extent.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Document 3
  • the structure in the present invention has rigidity by filling the inside with gas, and can also be classified as a kind of double air film structure.
  • double air film structure There are two types of conventional air film structures: a normal air film structure that lifts the roof with a pressure difference between the inside and outside, and a double air film structure that is used as a rigid wall.
  • An example is the Allianz Arena in Germany.
  • the air membrane structure is light in the membrane structure and can be used for large-scale buildings such as exposition pavilions, large warehouses, shopping malls, baseball domes, etc. Has been.
  • the double air membrane structure is mainly used for the roof of a large-scale building, and has not been used as a structure such as a pillar or a wall.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses that independent bags made of a flexible membrane material are continuously arranged in a plane and each cell is filled with a granular resin foam to form independent cells.
  • the formed building materials are open to the public.
  • the strength is such that it can be used as a non-bearing wall (a wall that is not structurally fixed) by being attached to a structural column or structural beam, and cannot be used to prevent the building from collapsing. Therefore, Patent Document 5 discloses a structure having a structure in which a large number of cores are accommodated in an intermembrane region between flexible membranes in order to improve the rigidity of the double air membrane structure.
  • JP 2006-104834 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1996-332243 JP 2010-121385 A JP 1998-205173 A JP 2008-115633 A
  • the period of shaking is not uniform due to the magnitude of the earthquake and the characteristics of the ground, and the threat of long-period ground motion that is particularly damaged when buildings resonate during the period of shaking has been pointed out.
  • the effect of wind is large for high-rise buildings.
  • seismic isolation technology is considered to be able to cope with various ways of shaking because the energy of the earthquake is not transmitted to the building by separating the building and the ground, but when used for existing buildings, Compared to other technologies, such as high precision is required and the building needs to be jacked up. In addition, there is a problem in that maintenance costs are incurred, and if the precision is insufficient, the earthquake resistance is reduced. Furthermore, there is a problem that it is weak to a strong push-up from directly below the earthquake.
  • vibration control technology can cause the entire building to lose balance depending on the location of dampers such as columns and beams. This is a problem derived from reinforcing a local structure such as a column or a beam.
  • the evaluation method has not been established in the first place, and there is a problem that the effect of improving the earthquake resistance as a whole building is uncertain, and in addition, there may be a problem with a damping member such as a damper.
  • a damping member such as a damper.
  • the personal protection technique using the airbag has the following problems.
  • the double air membrane structure technology which is a structural technology related to the present invention, has been conventionally used mainly for the roofs of large-scale buildings, and has not been used as structures such as columns and walls. It was. Moreover, although the technique used as a non-bearing wall by attaching to a structural column, a structural beam, etc. was devised, it was not rigid enough to prevent the building from collapsing. And there is no conventional double air film structure that can be folded during normal times and deployed when there is a risk of building collapse, and the natural period of the building is changed by controlling the internal pressure of the double air film structure. There was no technology to deal with shaking such as earthquakes.
  • the present invention supports the entire building by deploying the structure instantaneously only when there is a risk of the building collapsing.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a building collapse prevention method and a building collapse prevention device that does not cause the building to collapse by continuing to support the entire building with an optimum force even while shaking.
  • the method for preventing collapse of a building according to claim 1 is characterized in that a structure that can be expanded by filling the interior with a structure, the entire inner wall of the building or the entire longitudinal direction after the expansion, In order to fill the space in the short-side direction with the structure, it is fixed in advance to the inner wall of the building in a folded state, and when there is a risk of building collapse, the structure is filled with gas. It expands by doing and increases the earthquake resistance of a building instantaneously by increasing the thickness of the wall part of a building, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the space can be used widely during normal times by filling the inside with gas and expanding the structure.
  • the horizontal load acting on the building when it is deployed excluding places where it is difficult to fix the structure, such as places where buildings are installed, windows, furniture, etc. and spaces that are also required in the event of an earthquake Or it is necessary to arrange
  • position as much as possible so that a vertical load may be supported by the said structure. For this reason, it is fixed in advance to the inner wall of the building in a folded state so that the entire inner wall of the building or the space in contact with the entire longitudinal direction or the entire lateral direction can be filled with the structure after deployment. deep.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 1 utilizes the fact that the internal pressure acts uniformly by filling the inside of the structure with gas, and arranges seismic elements throughout the building, thereby providing a center of gravity of the building. It is possible to prevent the distance between the center and the rigid center, that is, the eccentric distance, from increasing. Can be solved.
  • Rigidity can be increased by reducing the size of the structure itself fixed to the wall.
  • the length of one side of the structure is within 1 m.
  • the fixing means for fixing the structure to the building As for the fixing means for fixing the structure to the building, a large shearing force acts on the structure as a part of the wall when there is a risk of collapse of the building.
  • the structure since the structure is deployed so that the structures are in close contact with each other, it is not necessary to be tightly connected with hardware as in the case of fixing braces, and the thick iron circle used in the frame wall method (2 ⁇ 4 method in the United States) It can be fixed to the building with a nail (CN nail) and can be driven using an automatic nailer.
  • the gas-filled portion is molded in a state separated from the base portion fixed to the building, and the base portion is fixed to the building and then bonded thereto.
  • a gas generating agent In order to fill the inside of the structure with gas, a gas generating agent, a gas cylinder or the like is used in the same manner as the airbag.
  • a gas generating agent When a gas generating agent is used, the internal pressure after the structure is expanded is controlled by controlling the exhaust.
  • the output of gas pressure control is inferior to that of hydraulic control, in the present invention, since the structure is deployed immediately before a load due to shaking is applied, the output necessary for the deployment of the structure is sufficient.
  • the air supply control of the internal pressure control is mainly performed at a timing when the load is reduced by the shaking, and the exhaust control can be always performed.
  • a foam can be used as a material filled in the structure.
  • Wired communication can be used as a transmission means for this purpose, but it is desirable to use wireless communication in view of maintaining the airtightness of the structure and ease of installation.
  • the detection of the possibility of the building collapsing can be detected not only by human perception, but also by installing a seismometer in the building, but can also be detected by an earthquake early warning or the like. Moreover, the case where it wants to expand beforehand like the case of the aftershock of a big earthquake is also assumed. Therefore, the development of the structure is basically performed automatically, but can be switched to manual. When performing automatically, emergency earthquake information, seismic intensity information, epicenter information, Tokai earthquake prediction information, Tokai earthquake warning information, Tokai earthquake observation information, weather information, etc. It is detected by observing.
  • the thickness of the structure that completely fills the wall of the building is instantaneously increased to support the entire building.
  • the airbag since the structure is deployed so as to protrude in a direction perpendicular to the wall, the airbag does not protrude toward the person as in the human protection technique using the airbag. There is no suffocation and death due to the burying of airbags. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the fire-resistant performance from being lost due to the earthquake-resistant building being destroyed by the earthquake motion, and the risk that the fire ignited from the fire-resistant building spreads to the adjacent building.
  • the load-bearing wall magnification of a wooden building is defined as a wall magnification of 1.0 when the shear deformation angle is 1/120 when a horizontal force of 1.96 kN is applied to a 1 m wide wall.
  • the shear deformation angle is the ratio of the wall height to the displaced distance. For example, if a wall with a height of 3 m is deformed by 2.5 cm while the lower part is fixed, the wall has a wall magnification of 1.0.
  • the specific magnification is determined as a framework required for structural strength in the Building Standard Law Enforcement Ordinance Article 46 for the wooden framework construction method.
  • the magnification of the shaft assembly that includes braces in the Ministry of Construction Notification No. 56 is one brace when using wood with a thickness of 1.5 cm x width 9 cm. 1.0, on the basis of this, when using wood with a thickness of 3 cm ⁇ width 9 cm, the single bracing is 1.5 and the tack is 3.0, whereas the magnification of the structural plywood is one side Is 2.5 and both sides are 5.0, and the more the wall is filled with wood or plywood, the larger the magnification is, the more difficult it is to deform.
  • the structure becomes difficult to be deformed and can retain rigidity such as a load-bearing wall with a large wall magnification, and the weight of the building itself is reduced.
  • the problem common to conventional seismic technology, which would increase, can be solved.
  • the structure according to the present invention is an automobile tire whose strength is increased by applying an internal pressure of gas while maintaining the shape of the exoskeleton. Because it is the same mechanism as, it can be folded and unfolded, but it must be made of a material with low elasticity.
  • polyester, nylon, aramid, rayon cord, etc. are used for the cord layer forming the skeleton of the structure as well as the carcass for withstanding the load, impact, and filling gas pressure received by the automobile tire.
  • the cord layer is laminated or the cord layer is fastened with a strong belt in the same manner as a radial tire of an automobile.
  • a composite material such as FRP can be used for the surface of the structure, but since there is anisotropy in strength, it is necessary to stack a plurality of sheets with different fiber directions. For this reason, carbon nanotubes with higher strength can be used in the future.
  • Nitrogen gas, helium gas, carbon dioxide (CO2), or the like is used as the gas filling the structure because safety is required.
  • the structure can be filled with a urethane foam that can increase the rigidity in a short time by filling the body or the like of the automobile.
  • an air compressor is used for filling the structure.
  • a sponge used in an air mat that expands by sucking air by itself when the valve is opened may be considered. In this case, no gas cylinder or air compressor is required.
  • the inflator can be instantly deployed in units of 0.01 seconds.
  • sodium azide has been conventionally used as a gas generating agent.
  • a propellant and argon gas are not used.
  • a hybrid inflator using both active gases as gas generating agents is effective.
  • the conventional double air membrane structure has been used for roofs such as large-scale domes due to its light weight, but the structure in the present invention has the same internal pressure due to gas filling on all surfaces.
  • the internal pressure By applying the internal pressure to the wall surface in a state where all or part of the wall surface is completely filled, it is possible to cause the load due to the roof or the like to act against the shearing force.
  • the surface of the structure does not impair the aesthetics if the surface that is visible in the folded state is patterned like a normal wall.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 2 can widely utilize the space in the building even when there is a possibility of building collapse, and can be developed by filling the interior with gas.
  • the structure is fixed in advance to the outer wall of the building in a folded state so that the bottom surface of the structure is in contact with the ground after deployment. If there is a risk of building collapse, the structure is filled with gas. It expands by doing and increases the earthquake resistance of a building instantaneously by increasing the thickness of the wall part of a building, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 2 is different from the building collapse prevention method according to claim 1 mainly in that the structure is fixed to the outer wall of the building. In this case, a ground area to be deployed outdoors is required, but since the ground contact area is increased as compared with the case of deploying inside a building, the stability is further improved.
  • the structure By fixing the structure in a superimposed manner, it can be developed in a pyramid shape, and the earthquake resistance of the building can be further increased. In this case, in order to make each structure contact
  • a composite material such as FRP can be used on the surface, but since there is anisotropy in strength, it is necessary to laminate a plurality of sheets in different fiber directions. For this reason, carbon nanotubes with higher strength can be used in the future. Furthermore, the strength of the surface of the structure can be dramatically increased by coating the surface of the structure with a synthetic diamond so as to be thinly covered. Synthetic diamond is as hard as natural diamond, which is considered to be the hardest on the earth.
  • the structure that can be expanded by filling the interior with gas is used to fill a space between adjacent structures after the expansion with the structure.
  • the structure In the folded state, it is fixed in advance to the outer wall of the building, and when there is a possibility of the building collapsing, it is expanded by filling the inside of the structure with gas, and the space between the adjacent buildings is
  • the buildings are mutually commissioned by being filled with the structure, and the earthquake resistance of the building is instantaneously increased by integrating a plurality of buildings.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the structure is developed by filling with carbon dioxide gas (CO2) in order to prevent the collapse of the building comprehensively by preventing the spread of the building from spreading.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide gas
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) has a problem that it has a high rubber permeability and escapes after several days, but there is no problem in the short-term purpose of preventing the building from collapsing against shaking such as an earthquake.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide gas
  • CO2 can act as a fire extinguishing agent and can prevent the building from being burned out and prevent further spread of fire spread.
  • the structure filled with carbon dioxide (CO2) has a great effect that it can stop the spread of fire spread, contrary to a normal fireproof structure, by being destroyed by an earthquake.
  • the fire can be extinguished by reducing the oxygen concentration in the air from about 21% to 15% or less by carbon dioxide (CO2) released from the destroyed structure.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) is used as a fire extinguisher, but there has been no technology for filling carbon dioxide (CO2) into the earthquake resistant structure.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 5 is a method of continuing to support the whole building with an optimum force even while shaking, and the load is concentrated on a part of the plurality of buildings to be commissioned with each other. 4.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 5 is obtained by investigating the field in advance, and data relating to the method of shaking of the earthquake and the load acting on the building when the internal pressure of the structure is changed in various ways. During this time, the vibration data observed by the high-precision seismometer is predicted in real-time for the loads acting on multiple buildings that are commissioned to each other, so that the load is not concentrated on some buildings.
  • the internal pressure of the structure is controlled by changing the internal pressure and feeding back seismic data observed with a high-precision seismometer.
  • the internal pressure of the structure is controlled by supplying and exhausting air using an electronically controlled throttle valve and an electronically controlled exhaust shutter having excellent response characteristics.
  • the air supply mechanism can be configured in a unified manner for the entire wall or building and for each structure, but the latter can increase the response speed.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 6 is a method of continuing to support the entire building with an optimum force even while shaking, and controlling the internal pressure of the structure after deployment by gas supply and exhaust.
  • the building collapse prevention according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the vibration of the building is reduced and the natural period of the building is instantaneously changed so that the building does not resonate with the period of the earthquake shaking. Is the method.
  • T h (0.02 + 0.01 ⁇ ) (h: height of the building (m), ⁇ : height of the building. It is expressed as the percentage of steel-framed floors occupied.
  • the natural period becomes shorter as the surface is harder or the wall amount is more rigid. That is, the natural period varies depending on the weight and rigidity distribution of each floor of the building.
  • the rigidity decreases and the natural period becomes longer.
  • the natural period varies depending on the torsional vibration due to the eccentric distance and the effect of wind if it is a high-rise building.
  • the internal pressure of the structure after deployment is controlled by gas supply / exhaust to reduce the shaking of the building, and the natural period of the building is changed instantaneously so that the building does not resonate with the period of earthquake shaking. To do.
  • the natural period is changed by controlling the internal pressure of the structure to change the rigidity and eccentric distance of each floor of the building, so that the entire building can be supported with an optimum force even while it is shaking.
  • the building collapse prevention method according to claim 7 is the same as the building collapse prevention method according to claim 4, in order to prevent the collapse of the building comprehensively by preventing the building from spreading, etc.
  • the building collapse prevention device is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 1, and the structure that can be developed by filling the interior with gas, It comprises fixing means for fixing the structure to the building, detection means for detecting the possibility of building collapse, and deployment means for deploying the structure when there is a risk of building collapse.
  • the structure is fixed to the inner wall of the building in a folded state so that the entire space or the space in contact with the short direction is filled with the structure.
  • It is a building collapse prevention device characterized in that it expands by filling the interior of the gas and increases the wall thickness of the building to instantaneously increase the earthquake resistance of the building.
  • a building collapse prevention device is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 2, and the structure that can be developed by filling the interior with gas, It comprises a fixing means for fixing the structure to the building, a detection means for detecting the possibility of building collapse, and a deploying means for deploying the structure when there is a risk of building collapse, and the bottom surface of the structure contacts the ground after deployment.
  • the building collapse prevention device In the folded state, it is fixed in advance to the outer wall of the building, and when there is a possibility of the building collapsing, it is expanded by filling the inside of the structure with gas, and the thickness of the building wall is reduced.
  • the building collapse prevention device is characterized in that the earthquake resistance of the building is instantaneously increased by increasing it.
  • the building collapse prevention device is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 3, and the structure that can be developed by filling the interior with gas, A fixing means for fixing the structure to the building, a detecting means for detecting the possibility of the building collapse, and a deploying means for expanding the structure when there is a risk of the building collapse.
  • the structure is fixed in advance to the outer wall of the building in a folded state, and when there is a risk of building collapse, the structure is expanded by filling with gas.
  • the building is characterized in that the space between adjacent buildings is filled with the structure so that the buildings are contracted with each other and the earthquake resistance of the building is instantaneously increased by integrating a plurality of buildings. Collapse prevention It is the location.
  • the building collapse prevention device is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 4, and the deployment means uses filling of carbon dioxide (CO 2).
  • the building collapse preventing device according to any one of Items 8 to 10.
  • the building collapse preventing device is a device that embodies the building collapse preventing method according to claim 5, and is developed by filling the inside with gas, and the internal pressure is adjusted by supplying and exhausting the gas.
  • the structure that can be controlled, a fixing means for fixing the structure to a building, a detecting means for detecting the possibility of building collapse, a deploying means for deploying the structure when there is a risk of building collapse, It consists of control means for controlling the internal pressure of the structure, and the internal pressure of the structure after deployment is adjusted by gas supply and exhaust so that the load does not concentrate on some of the buildings that are mutually commissioned.
  • the building collapse prevention device according to claim 10, wherein the building collapse prevention device is controlled.
  • the building collapse prevention device is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 6 and is developed by filling the interior with gas, and the internal pressure is increased by supplying and exhausting gas.
  • the structure that can be controlled, a fixing means for fixing the structure to a building, a detecting means for detecting the possibility of building collapse, a deploying means for deploying the structure when there is a risk of building collapse, It comprises control means for controlling the internal pressure of the structure, and the internal pressure of the structure after deployment is controlled by gas supply / exhaust to reduce the shaking of the building and to change the natural period of the building instantaneously.
  • the building collapse prevention device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the building does not resonate with the period of the shaking.
  • the building collapse prevention device according to claim 14 is a device that embodies the building collapse prevention method according to claim 7, and the internal pressure of the structure after deployment is supplied and discharged by carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the structure according to claim 15 is a structure used for the building collapse prevention device according to any one of claims 8 to 14, characterized by comprising a cord and a rubber sheet.
  • a special rubber sheet called an inner liner is attached to the inside of the carcass cord that retains the shape of the structure and serves as a skeleton of the structure.
  • the structure according to claim 15 is similar to a tubeless tire of an automobile in that the structure is fixed to a metal mounting plate with a beat wire bundled with strong piano wires, and the tensile force of the carcass cord due to internal pressure Airtightness can also be maintained by trying to catch it.
  • the gas cylinder or the gas generating agent is built in the structure, the used gas cylinder or the gas generating agent can be replaced with a new one by removing the mounting plate.
  • the tubeless tire of an automobile is a type of tire that holds air only with the wheel and the tire without using the tire tube, and the carcass cord and the inner liner are integrally molded, so that the internal pressure is made higher than the tube tire. Can do. Further, even if a nail or the like is pierced, the rubber of the tire holds the nail, so that the hole does not expand in a chain, and the internal pressure is gradually reduced as compared with the tube tire.
  • the structure after the expansion has a honeycomb structure in order to further increase the strength of the structure after the expansion. It is a building collapse prevention apparatus in any one of Claim 14.
  • the structure according to claim 16 is a honeycomb structure that can be expanded from a folded state by filling a gas therein, and the structure is filled with a regular hexagonal column.
  • Each regular hexagonal column is connected to only one direction, and the other side is folded so that it can be unfolded from the folded state.
  • the structure according to claim 17 is a structure used for a building collapse prevention device according to claim 16, wherein the expanded structure is a honeycomb structure when there is a risk of building collapse. is there.
  • the honeycomb structure is developed by burning a gas generating agent built in each regular hexagonal honeycomb structure partition wall or supplying gas from a gas cylinder.
  • the foam can be expanded by being expanded.
  • the honeycomb structure has a multilayer structure in which regular hexagonal columns are arranged horizontally and vertically in order to increase the strength against not only shear stress but also normal stress.
  • the structure according to claim 18 is filled with carbon dioxide (CO2) when there is a risk of collapse of the building in order to prevent the collapse of the building comprehensively by preventing the spread of the building from spreading.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • control device is a structure used in the building collapse prevention device according to claim 12 so that the load is not concentrated on a part of a plurality of buildings that are mutually commissioned.
  • the control device inspecting the site in advance, and preparing a database of the load acting on the building when the earthquake shake and the internal pressure of the structure are changed variously,
  • the load acting on the building is predicted by collating the earthquake shaking method and the internal pressure of the structure at that time with the database.
  • the initial value of the internal pressure of the structure is set so that the shaking of the building is minimized by statistically estimating how the earthquake is likely to occur locally.
  • the internal pressure of the structure is controlled by supplying and exhausting air using an electronically controlled throttle valve and an electronically controlled exhaust shutter having excellent response characteristics.
  • the air supply mechanism can have a unified configuration for each wall or the entire building and a configuration for each structure, but the latter can increase the response speed.
  • control device reduces the shaking of the building and prevents the building from resonating with the period of the shaking of the earthquake.
  • T h (0.02 + 0.01 ⁇ ) (h: height of the building (m), ⁇ : height of the building. It is expressed as the percentage of steel-framed floors occupied.
  • the natural period becomes shorter as the surface is harder or the wall amount is more rigid. That is, the natural period varies depending on the weight and rigidity distribution of each floor of the building.
  • the rigidity decreases and the natural period becomes longer.
  • the natural period varies depending on the torsional vibration due to the eccentric distance and the effect of wind if it is a high-rise building.
  • control device controls the internal pressure of the structure after deployment by gas supply / exhaust to reduce the shaking of the building, and instantaneously changes the natural period of the building to reduce the earthquake. Prevent the building from resonating with the period of shaking. For this reason, by controlling the internal pressure of the structure and changing the rigidity and eccentric distance of each floor of the building, the natural period is changed, and the entire structure is supported so as to continue to support the entire building with an optimum force even while shaking. Control internal pressure.
  • control device preliminarily surveys the site in advance to create a database of changes in the shaking of the building when the shaking of the earthquake and the internal pressure of the structure are variously changed.
  • the shaking of the building is predicted by collating the earthquake shaking method and the internal pressure of the structure at that time with the database.
  • the structure is then fed back by feeding back the value of the shaking of the building to be observed again To control the internal pressure.
  • the initial value of the internal pressure of the structure is set so that the shaking of the building is minimized by statistically estimating how the earthquake is likely to occur locally.
  • the structure in the present invention is fixed to the wall in a folded state during normal times and is deployed only when there is a risk of the building collapsing, the space can be widely used.
  • the thickness of the wall can be increased, and the rigidity of the structure can be increased by the internal pressure, so that the building can be prevented from collapsing.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the structure can be externally attached to a wall or the like of an existing building, a major renovation such as removing a wall material is unnecessary, and the cost can be reduced and the structure can be installed in a short period of time.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a folded structure is fixed to an inner wall.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the structure is developed in the building.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the folded structure is fixed to the outer wall.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the structure is developed outside the building.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the structure is expanded in a pyramid shape outside the building.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a plurality of buildings are integrated through a structure.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of a procedure for developing the structure.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a folded structure is fixed to an inner wall.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the structure is developed in the building.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of a procedure for fixing the structure to the wall surface.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing an example of a gas filling mechanism inside the structure.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a gas filling and internal pressure control mechanism inside the structure.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a gas filling and internal pressure control mechanism inside the structure fixed in a superimposed manner.
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an example of the gas filling and internal pressure control mechanism inside the structure by the gas generating agent.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing an example of a mechanism for performing gas filling inside the structure in an integrated manner.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional view of a structure with a built-in gas cylinder.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing an example of a cross-sectional view of a structure containing a gas generating agent.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional view of a structure that can be filled with gas from the outside.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing an example of a structure having a honeycomb structure.
  • FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a block diagram of the internal pressure control mechanism of the structure.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the building collapse prevention method according to claim 1 and the building collapse prevention device according to claim 8, wherein the structure 2 is expanded on the entire inner wall of the building 1 after deployment or in the longitudinal direction or in the short side. It is a perspective view which shows the state fixed to the wall beforehand in the folded state so that the space which touches all of directions may be filled up with the said structure 2.
  • FIG. 1 In order not to block the entrance / exit of the building 1, the upper part of the entrance / exit is completely filled in the longitudinal direction. Since such an embodiment is adopted, the space in the building can be widely utilized during normal times.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the structure 2 is expanded inside the building 1.
  • the wall surface with the doorway is filled with the space in contact with the entire longitudinal direction, and the wall surface other than the doorway is the entire wall.
  • the space in contact with was filled up.
  • the window 2 and the like are filled with the structure 2 in the same way as the doorway.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the building collapse prevention method according to claim 2 and the building collapse prevention device according to claim 9, wherein the structure 2 is folded so that the bottom surface of the structure 2 is in contact with the ground after deployment. It is a perspective view which shows the state previously fixed to the outer wall of the building in the folded state. Since such an embodiment is adopted, a space such as a garden can be widely used during normal times.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the structure 2 is developed outside the building 1 so that the bottom surface is in contact with the ground. Since such embodiment was employ
  • FIG. 5 is an example of the building collapse prevention method according to claim 2 and the building collapse prevention device according to claim 9, and when there is a sufficient unfolded area, the structure 2 is deployed in a superimposed manner. It is a perspective view which shows the state expand
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the building collapse prevention method according to claim 3 and the building collapse prevention device according to claim 10, wherein the building 2 is filled with a structure 2 after filling the space between the building 1 and the building 1. It is a perspective view which shows the state which entrusted mutual and integrated several buildings. Earthquake resistance can be increased by building support. In addition, if it can be entrusted to a strong building, a particularly great effect can be expected.
  • the structure 2 in the above embodiment is expanded according to the flow indicated by the arrow in FIG.
  • various folding methods and unfolding procedures can be considered, but in the embodiment, the procedure that is considered to be the simplest was adopted. Since such an unfolding procedure is adopted, there are few crease portions and the unfolding is easy and the rigidity can be maintained.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the structure 2 is fixed to the wall 5 via a dedicated mounting plate 4.
  • the dedicated mounting plate 4 can be fixed to the wall 5 with a thick iron round nail (CN nail) 3 used in the frame wall method (2 ⁇ 4 method in the United States), and can be driven using an automatic nailer. it can.
  • the thick iron round nail (CN nail) 3 and the structure-specific mounting plate 4 in FIG. 8 correspond to the fixing means in the claims.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism in which gas is filled in the structure 2.
  • the national instantaneous alarm system (J-ALERT) receiver 9 and the high-precision seismometer 10 in FIG. 9 correspond to the detection means in the claims.
  • J-ALERT national instantaneous alarm system
  • the detection means detects the possibility of building collapse, a detection signal is transmitted to the control device 8 via the cable 11, and a deployment command is wirelessly transmitted from the control device 8 to the structure 2.
  • the control device 8 and the structure 2 can be wired with a cable, but wireless is used in the embodiment. In the embodiment, since radio is employed, the airtightness of the structure 2 can be maintained high, and troublesome wiring is not required. Further, since no major renovation such as removing the wall material is required, the cost can be reduced compared with the conventional seismic reinforcement technology, and the installation can be performed in a short period of time.
  • the built-in wireless remote-operated electronically controlled throttle valve 7 is opened, air supply from the gas cylinder 6 starts, and the interior is filled with gas.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the gas cylinder 6 and the wireless remote-controlled electronically controlled throttle valve 7 in FIG. 9 correspond to the developing means in the claims.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for controlling supply / exhaust of the structure 2 as well as expanding the structure 2 by filling a gas therein.
  • the control device 8, the wireless remote control electronic control throttle valve 7, and the wireless remote control electronic control exhaust shutter 13 of FIG. 10 correspond to the control means in the claims.
  • a control signal is transmitted wirelessly from the control device 8 to the structure 2.
  • the wireless remote control electronic control throttle valve 7 and the wireless remote control electronic control exhaust shutter 13 are opened and closed to control the internal pressure of the structure 2.
  • the internal pressure of the structure 2 is constantly measured by the pressure sensor 12 and transmitted to the control device 2 by radio. Since such an embodiment is adopted, by controlling the internal pressure of the structure 2, the shaking of the building can be reduced, and the period of the shaking of the earthquake and the resonance of the building can be avoided. .
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a gas filling and internal pressure control mechanism inside the structure 2 when the structure 2 is fixed in a superimposed manner as shown in FIG.
  • an exhaust tube 14 is provided as a passage for gas exhausted from the structure 2 in order to bring the structure 2 into close contact with each other.
  • the exhaust tube 14 is provided so as to exhaust from the upper part of the structure 2.
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for filling the structure 2 with gas using combustion of the gas generating agent 17 in the same manner as an automobile airbag.
  • the internal pressure control is performed only by opening and closing the wireless remote-operated electronically controlled exhaust shutter.
  • the wireless remote ignition device 18 is activated by a deployment command transmitted wirelessly from the control device 8 to burn the gas generating agent 17. Since the gas generating agent burns explosively, the structure 2 can be rapidly deployed and a high internal pressure can be obtained as compared with the supply from the gas cylinder.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a mechanism for supplying the gas filled in the structure 2 from the gas supply device 15 instead of from the gas cylinder built in the structure 2.
  • the structure 2 can be further reduced in weight, and the unit price of the structure 2 can be reduced, but it is necessary to supply high-pressure gas from the gas supply device 15.
  • replacement of the gas cylinder after use is easier than replacing the gas cylinder 6 of the gas supply device 15 than replacing the gas cylinder built in the structure 2.
  • FIGS. 14 to 16 are cross-sectional views showing the structure when the structure 2 is formed of a cord layer and a rubber sheet in the same manner as a tubeless tire of an automobile.
  • the cord 19 and the rubber sheet 20 in FIGS. 14 to 16 correspond to those in the fifteenth aspect. Since the cord layer forming the skeleton of the structure 2 is made of polyester, nylon, aramid, rayon cord or the like, it can withstand the load, impact, and filling gas pressure received by the structure 2.
  • FIG. 16 shows a structure in which a structure 2 is fixed to a metal mounting plate 22 dedicated to a structure with a beat wire 21 in which powerful piano wires are bundled, and a carcass cord pulling force due to internal pressure is received similarly to a tubeless tire of an automobile.
  • FIG. 13 shows the structure made like this.
  • the mechanism as shown in FIG. 13 that supplies the gas filling the structure 2 from a gas supply device in a unified manner, it is necessary to provide the structure 2 with a valve 23, so that sufficient airtightness may not be maintained. There is. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the airtightness when the gas is supplied from outside the structure by using the same structure as the tubeless tire of an automobile. Further, when a gas cylinder or a gas generating agent is built in the structure 2, the used gas cylinder or gas generating agent can be replaced with a new one.
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a state in which a honeycomb structure is used to further increase the rigidity of the structure 2.
  • a regular hexagonal honeycomb structure partition wall 24 is employed, and only one unidirectional surface of each regular hexagonal column is connected so that it can be developed from a folded state.
  • the strength can be increased not only against shear stress but also against vertical stress.
  • FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a block diagram of the internal pressure control mechanism of the structure, and corresponds to the control means in the claims.
  • the possibility of building collapse is detected by the nationwide instantaneous warning system (J-ALERT) receiver 9 and the high-precision seismometer 10 that can detect P waves, and the internal pressure of the structure 2 is detected by the control calculation unit.
  • An initial value is calculated and a control signal is transmitted to the structure 2 wirelessly.
  • the electronic control throttle valve 7 is released to expand the structure 2.
  • the initial value of the internal pressure of the structure is set so that the shaking of the building is minimized by statistically estimating how the earthquake is likely to occur locally.
  • the natural period is changed by changing the rigidity and eccentric distance of each floor of the building by controlling the internal pressure of the structure,
  • the internal pressure of the structure 2 is controlled so as to continue to support the entire building with an optimum force even while it is shaking.
  • control device preliminarily surveys the site in advance to create a database of changes in the shaking of the building when the shaking of the earthquake and the internal pressure of the structure are variously changed.
  • the shaking of the building is predicted by collating the earthquake shaking method and the internal pressure of the structure at that time with the database.
  • the internal pressure of the structure is controlled by feeding back the value of the shaking of the building to be observed again. Since such an embodiment is adopted, it is possible to reduce the shaking of the building and to prevent the building from resonating with the period of shaking of the earthquake.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer et cet appareil pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer déploient immédiatement une structure afin de supporter tout le bâtiment uniquement lorsqu'il y a un risque qu'il s'effondre du fait d'une catastrophe naturelle comme un tremblement de terre ou un typhon, ceci afin de permettre une plus grande utilisation de l'espace en temps normal et de continuer à supporter tout le bâtiment avec une force optimale pendant qu'il tremble de manière à l'empêcher de s'effondrer. La structure (2), qui peut être déployée en la remplissant de gaz, est préalablement fixée à l'état plié de sorte que, si elle est installée dans le bâtiment, l'espace jouxtant toute la paroi interne du bâtiment (1), ou sur toute la longueur ou sur toute la largeur de celui-ci, est complètement rempli par la structure (2) ou, si cette dernière est installée à l'extérieur, par un panneau de fond de la structure (2) jouxtant le sol. En remplissant la structure (2) de gaz uniquement en cas de risque d'effondrement du bâtiment, la structure (2) est déployée, augmente l'épaisseur des murs du bâtiment (1) et augmente instantanément la résistance aux tremblements de terre, la pression interne de la structure (2) étant commandée pendant qu'il tremble.
PCT/JP2011/066503 2010-07-20 2011-07-20 Procédé pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer et appareil pour empêcher un bâtiment de s'effondrer WO2012011514A1 (fr)

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JP2010-162912 2010-07-20
JP2010162912A JP4676569B1 (ja) 2010-07-20 2010-07-20 建物倒壊防止方法及び建物倒壊防止装置

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Cited By (1)

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CN114086684A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-25 无锡市中旭环保设备有限公司 一种可拆卸式防火消音泄压墙

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JP4837795B1 (ja) * 2011-06-01 2011-12-14 治幸 岩田 建物倒壊防止機能付き家具
IT201800001568A1 (it) * 2018-01-22 2019-07-22 Bruno Bassorizzi Sistema per il sollevamento e il contrasto alla caduta di strutture orizzontali e verticali

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JPH08299084A (ja) * 1995-05-08 1996-11-19 Hiroyuki Uchida エアーバック型の地震対策装置および荷崩れ防止装置
JPH10205173A (ja) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 建築材及び建築物の施工方法
JPH11186743A (ja) * 1997-12-25 1999-07-09 Nec Corp 収納体
JP2003035048A (ja) * 2001-07-23 2003-02-07 Hiroshi Hoshino 地震時に建物を支えて倒壊を防いだり火災時に脱出避難出来る装置。
JP2004036084A (ja) * 2002-06-28 2004-02-05 Nichiha Corp 免震部材およびその外部監視システム
JP2010121385A (ja) * 2008-11-20 2010-06-03 Cs Co Ltd 防災装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08299084A (ja) * 1995-05-08 1996-11-19 Hiroyuki Uchida エアーバック型の地震対策装置および荷崩れ防止装置
JPH10205173A (ja) * 1997-01-22 1998-08-04 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 建築材及び建築物の施工方法
JPH11186743A (ja) * 1997-12-25 1999-07-09 Nec Corp 収納体
JP2003035048A (ja) * 2001-07-23 2003-02-07 Hiroshi Hoshino 地震時に建物を支えて倒壊を防いだり火災時に脱出避難出来る装置。
JP2004036084A (ja) * 2002-06-28 2004-02-05 Nichiha Corp 免震部材およびその外部監視システム
JP2010121385A (ja) * 2008-11-20 2010-06-03 Cs Co Ltd 防災装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114086684A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-25 无锡市中旭环保设备有限公司 一种可拆卸式防火消音泄压墙

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