WO2012010155A1

WO2012010155A1 - Device and method for removing and metering bulk material

Info

Publication number: WO2012010155A1
Application number: PCT/DE2011/001462
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rudolf Baumann
Original assignee: Rudolf Baumann
Priority date: 2010-07-17
Filing date: 2011-07-15
Publication date: 2012-01-26
Also published as: DE102010027547A1; DE102010027547B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and method for removing free-flowing components from storage containers (15) and metering said components into a collection container.

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVING AND DOSING SHOOTING

State of the art

The invention relates to a device for removal and the. Dosing at least one free-flowing material component from at least one storage container according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 9 and a system according to claim 12.

Usually, such raw materials are assembled manually or mixed together. With a hand-scoop of sacks or barrels, various materials are manually weighed into a bowl or bucket that is placed on a platform scale. Although this procedure requires low investment costs, it is very labor-intensive, especially with a large number of raw materials. Also known is the arrangement of a large number of containers in a kind of battery having a lid for opening, or so-called AA s, a kind of drawer in a frame. The composition of the final product depends on the reliability of the operator. Faulty weights or incorrect products will only be noticed if the mixture does not have the desired composition at the end or the product to be manufactured has defects.

Another disadvantage of the manual composition of the materials is the requirement for purity, in particular for pharmaceutical products, the risk of contamination, for example, with foreign bodies or insects or the threat to the operator, the u.U. is directly exposed to dangerous products such as those commonly found in the plastics or chemical industries. ,

Are known storage tanks that are equipped in the outlet area with a screw conveyor (EP 0 344 521). The auger is driven by a motor, so that the material component can be removed in the desired amount from the reservoir. The detection is done volumetrically Uber the number of revolutions of the screw conveyor or gravimetrisch, the Malerialkomponente dosed into a downstream weighing container and the screw conveyor is stopped when the desired amount is reached in the weighing container. However, such systems are complicated and expensive due to the screw drive with each reservoir. In addition, in such systems, the material component must be so free-flowing that it flows down into the screw, which is very difficult especially for small-volume containers, so for example in food additives, chemicals, plastic additives and dyes.

Also known is a device in which the reservoirs are interchangeable, but also at the lower end of a screw for discharge have (DE 102 20 792 A 1). The screw does not have its own drive, but a clutch disc. At the inlet of a mobile removal device with weighing container a controllable drive with a second coupling part is arranged, which can connect non-rotatably with the clutch disc of the screw. It can be set up several storage containers, wherein the mobile removal device anfährt the container and coupling, from which the material component is to be removed component. The drive turns the worm into the weighing container until it reaches the required quantity. Also in this execution, the material component must be free-flowing and the screw needs a relatively large diameter in order to discharge the material component can. Due to the size of the screw very small amounts can not be dosed accurately enough, also the reservoir must be set up with high precision, which requires a complex frame.

Furthermore, a device is known in which each storage container is provided at the outlet with a stirrer / scraper, which serves for the discharge (EP 1 237 801 Bl). With a Kalottenschieber the outlet opening is reduced in cross-section to regulate the flow rate or close completely. The storage containers are mounted on a rack and metered into a balance that passes on a driving device under the containers. In this embodiment, each of the reservoir needs its own discharge and metering device, which is very complex and expensive. In addition, all storage containers must be placed on an expensive rack, because they can only dose from above into a continuous scale. In addition, the outlet opening can not be closed so far that the flow of material is so low that it can be precisely dosed to the gram, because otherwise hardly flowing products will not flow at all.

Also known is a device and a method for emptying bulk containers (EP 0 580 992 B1) in which a suction device is used is introduced on the upper side in the bulk material container and the container contents layers or layers discharged. For this purpose, a suction device is used, which is extensively movable for layer-wise emptying in one layer.

This device does not allow precise metering of the bulk material, especially for small quantities of bulk material, even if the discharged mass is weighed, since the device only allows suction through the hose or the completion of the suction when the weighed amount is reached. In addition, the bulk material is sucked from above. The principle desired in industry first in - first out is thus not possible.

In the bulk material processing industry there is an increasing demand to automate not only the large quantities but also ever smaller bulk material components down to the gram range. Since there are a great many bulk materials that are available in very small quantities, e.g. must be fed to a mixing process, the cost per bulk material should be kept very low. Furthermore, in many processes there must be no contamination between the individual raw materials, due to changes in color and taste or due to allergens.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an apparatus and a method which allow a cost-effective mixture of different components and thereby ensure the highest possible accuracy of the individual amounts of the components and the highest possible purity in the mixture.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1 and of claims 9 and 12. Advantages of the invention

The device for the removal of the bulk materials to be taken and their dosage can be arranged according to the invention at the upper end of the reservoir. The removal or metering device is introduced by means of a lifting and lowering device in the upper end of the reservoir. The bulk materials to be blended are usually plastic additives, dyes, food ingredients, flavors, and chemical precursors. '

According to the invention, the removal and metering device consists of a vertical metering tube which can be suspended from a weighing device. Alternatively, the metering tube can be arranged directly on a lifting and lowering device.

At its upper end, the device is provided for example with a continuously variable drive, which drives a turntable at the lower end of the metering tube via a centrally mounted shaft. The turntable closes off a storage chamber of the metering tube and has an annular groove directly within the metering tube. The size of the metering tube is variable in length and diameter, depending on the required amount and the size of the reservoir. The size adjustment is particularly relevant for very small amounts of bulk material to increase the accuracy of dosing.

The dosing tube immersed in one of the reservoir, which contains a Materialkompo component, a, wherein the turntable moves down and is tilted, so that the chamber is open at the bottom. By quickly turning the plate, the chamber fills from below and the turntable closes the chamber again. The metering tube is lifted out of the material area and the weighing device determines the amount taken up. By turning the turntable and scraping the groove, the chamber is emptied to a predetermined amount of material, the scraped product falls back into the reservoir. The dosing tube moves upwards out of the container and laterally to a collecting container which is located on the linearly moving carriage and emerges there again. By opening the turntable and fast rotation of the contents of the metering tube is emptied into the sump.

Alternatively, a certain amount of material is removed for dosing particular smaller amounts of shades, this lifted out by means of the dosing, led to the collection and only then emptied the exact dose of the bulk material in the sump. Especially for small quantities, this dose is weighed to achieve a high accuracy of dosage.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reservoir has an inner tube through which the metering device can be moved in and out of the reservoir. This has the advantage that the bulk material is separated from the metering device and thus it can be introduced faster with less resistance as well as less easily contaminated.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the dosing tube is attached to the weighing device, for example on a fährbaren XY axis and can be moved both vertically and horizontally. This entire unit is mounted, for example, on a linearly movable carriage to drive along the storage containers. In a further embodiment of the invention, the dosing straw has a recess on one side, at which the annular groove emerges to the outside, with a scraper for scraping the annular groove.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, two laser beams determine the exact location of the reservoir, so that the metering tube can immerse through an opening in the lid in one of Vorratsbehäl ter. As a result, no fixed location is necessary. Alternatively, the position of the metering tube and / or the reservoir can also be detected with a camera and the movement of the metering tube can be controlled.

Either the device can be arranged in a fixed location and the storage containers are guided past it, or the device is moved with the collecting container and moves to the respective storage container.

The metering tube with the turntable is thus at the same time discharging and metering device and also serves as a balance, because the tube is connected to a weighing device. As a result, need the reservoir itself no mechanical installations, which makes the container very inexpensive.

In addition, the dosing tube dives from above into the containers, so that they can be placed on the floor and no additional frame or holder is necessary.

Furthermore, the requirement "first in - first out" is met, since the bulk material can indeed be removed upwards, but the material itself is removed at the bottom of the reservoir, so the first filled material is also removed first. With the turntable and the grooving of the groove even very small quantities can be dosed very accurately, also achieved in light as well as in difficult flowing bulk materials, the same accuracies.

Characterized in that the metering device can be detachably detached from the weighing device or from the lifting and lowering device, the metering device is easy to clean and repair. In addition, the contamination or contamination of the currently used or other storage container is avoided. For this purpose, the metering device, for example, remain in the reservoir itself and the weighing and the lifting and lowering device are moved separately.

There are processes in which a raw material, e.g. Color or aroma, may be added to the mixer at the end to avoid contaminating the system. For this purpose, the metering tube is attached to a pivot arm of a lifting column. A storage container with the raw material stands next to it. The metering tube dips in and gets the exact predetermined amount, moves up and pivots over an inlet opening on the mixer, so the sump to empty the weighed amount on demand in the mixer.

Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the following description, the drawings and claims removed.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS FIG.

1 a the metering device from the side,

1 b is a detail view of the metering device according to 1 a,

1 c is a further detail view of the metering device according to 1 a and 1 b,

2 a a reservoir,

2 b a storage container according to FIG. 2 with raised lifting and lowering device, FIG.

Fig. 3 shows the system with a metering device according to Fig. 1 a - c, storage containers of Fig. 2 a and 2 b and collecting container.

Fig. 1 a

The metering device 1 is the basis of this metering and charging system. It is suspended from a load cell (weighing device) 2 so that the quantity of component to be picked up can be determined. At the upper end of the metering a controllable drive 3 is arranged, which drives the metering plate 6 at the lower end via a centrally mounted shaft 4, which is designed as a tube 5. The lower part of the shaft 4 is axially displaceable by means of a spline shaft 7, so that the metering plate 6 can be opened. At the movable part is a Eccentric 8. which brings the metering tube 14 to vibrate at high speed in order to solve omponentenanhafhingen. A lifting device 9 moves the shaft 4 up and down to open the metering plate 6, to close or to open a gap for dosing.

Fig. 1 b of FIG. 1 a

The metering plate 6 is connected via a bolt 10 pivotally connected to the shaft 4. In the interior of the drive tube (shaft) is an inclined plane 1 1 anchored so that it does not move with the lifting device. A driver 12 which is connected to the Bötzen 10 is moved when opening the metering plate 6 so that the metering plate is inclined 13, thereby the metering plate 13 at high speed bulk material in the lower end of the metering tube 14 high shovel, as Pantry is used. For picking up bulk material dosing tube 14 dips into a storage container 15.

Fig. 2 a

The reservoir 15 may be round or square, with a cone 16 which terminates at the bottom with a circular flange 17. On the flange 17, a round pot 18 is fixed, slightly larger in diameter than the metering tube 14 and as high as the diameter of the tube so that it can dip. In the center of the reservoir is a vertical inner tube 19 with the same diameter as the pot 18. The inner tube 19 is firmly installed in the reservoir 15, with a Ri ngspalt 20 to the cone 16. The inner tube 19 may not be filled so that the dosing 14 can always immerse themselves equally deep. The reservoir 15 stands on four rubber buffers 21 so that it can be vibrated. By - the vibration, the component flows through the annular gap 20 between the cone 16 and inner tube 19, thereby ensuring that always the first filled product is also removed first, also arise thereby for the metering tube 14 always the same conditions and the container 15 can be completely emptied except for a small residual amount in the pot 18.

Fig. 2 b

The inlet 26 of the reservoir IS is a cylindrical tube which projects beyond the lid 27, with a flange 29 at the upper end. This flange 29 has 3 hooks 42 with return springs. In a second version, which is to avoid any product contamination, the drive pulley 32 can be separated from the metering tube 14. This metering tube 14 with the Drehle! Ler 6 is contaminated during dosing inside and outside of the component. The drive part, which is located above the separating flange 32, meanwhile remains clean. After dosing and emptying into the collecting container 25, the metering tube 14 moves back into the reservoir 15. The hooks 42 are printed by the flange 30 of the metering tube 14 apart. The vacuum or the negative pressure between the flange 30 of the metering tube 14 and the flange 31 of the drive member, which holds both parts together, is released. With the lifting device 9, the metering tube 14 is still held during release, so that the hooks 42 can engage. This flange 31 also serves as a closure for the reservoir 15. The metering device I is raised or lowered by means of the lifting and lowering device 50.

The drive is via a hollow shaft and a pin with drivers. In this embodiment, each reservoir 15 carries its own dosing with and the drive via a common unit 32 which is connected via the XY axis with the carriage Fig. 3 of Fig. 1 a - c, Fig. 2 a - b

Fig. 3 shows the entire unit which is mounted on a linearly movable carriage. With its own drive motor, the car drives on rails along the storage containers set up on the floor. By an identification system, e.g. Barcode reader or transmitter, the reservoir is detected, from which the next product quantity is to be removed.

Two laser emitters on the trolley are arranged so that they impinge on the round storage container at a 90 degree angle. If both beams measure the same distance, the cart is at the appropriate place. The length of the rays also determines the lateral distance. The position can also be by cameras or the like. determine.

The metering tube then moves on the horizontal X-Y axis to the Vorraisbehälter and is centrally above the inlet opening. About the weighing device (load cell) is now the total weight of the metering device detected before it dips into the reservoir and the product (the material component).

The turntable is pushed down, tilted and rotated at high speed for about 2-5 seconds. The turntable is closed again, the tube moves the same stroke down as the turntable starts again, thereby preventing a part of the product falls out of the chamber again. Thereafter, the tube goes up and out of the product level, but the lower part still remains inside the reservoir. As a result of further rapid rotations, with an eccentric on the shaft within the metering tube causing the metering tube to vibrate, residues of the component adhering to the outside fall off. The weighing device now determines the weight difference in relation to the initial value and thus records the recorded quantity. Under normal conditions, the amount absorbed is greater than the desired weight. The turntable is then opened a small gap, rotated slowly and dosed out over the scraper until the desired amount is almost reached. Then closes the turntable and continues to rotate, being dosed as fine metering only from the annular groove. Then, when the predetermined weight is reached, the turntable stops and the dosing moves upwards, then it moves horizontally to the center of the trolley, where there is a receptacle, and is lowered into this. The turntable opens again and over high speeds with vibration, the pantry in the lower tube is emptied completely and free of residues.

The balance checks the emptying process. If the recorded amount of the component is less than the predetermined weight, this amount is registered by the controller and emptied the metering tube without predosing into the receptacle. For larger quantities, this process can be repeated several times until the remaining amount is less than is absorbed by the metering tube. Then, as described above, the remaining amount is precisely metered and emptied into the receptacle.

With very many components (raw material quantities) or depending on the spatial conditions, storage containers can be set up on both sides of the trolley since the dosing tube can absorb material components or bulk material via the horizontal axis both on the left and on the right side of the trolley. Likewise, two metering tubes may be attached to the horizontal axis, one serving the left and the other the right row of reservoirs. For emptying, it must be checked by means of the control that only one dosing tube moves to the receptacle. For example, when filling color cartridges with toner for printer and copier, there should be no color mixing. Normally, a filling machine is available for every color, since the complete cleaning is almost impossible or very expensive and the machine then fails one to two days. In all known charging systems, the container must be emptied downwards in order to then be able to convey upward. This results in an effort that is unreasonable for cleaning reasons. Again, the dosing is the solution because it dips from above and emptied with Hubsfiule and swivel arm in the inlet of the filling machine.

On the carriage 22, a compressed air piston 23 is attached. This has at its end a suction cup 24. When the carriage 22 has reached the position, the piston 23 extends and the suction cup 24 at the end keeps upper negative pressure or a vacuum the reservoir. By rapidly varying the compressed air now the reservoir is vibrated. The piston 23 is mounted so that it docks the reservoir directly above the conical neck. The vibration takes place immediately after metering, when the metering tube moves to the collecting container 25.

The carriage 22 runs on two rails 33, each with two wheels 34. One side is the drive side with a rack 35 on the rail. An electric motor 36 on the carriage with a gear 37 engages the rack and moves the car forward or backward. The drive is infinitely variable, so that it can be accelerated or decelerated via an electronic ramp. In addition, an electric brake on the engine ensures a firm footing of the trolley. Two laser beams 28 on the carriage are based on the inlet pipe 26 of the reservoir to determine the correct position of the trolley. They radiate with 45 degrees on the inlet pipe and if both measure the same length, the correct position is reached. Instead of the laser beams 28, a position determination by means of a camera or the like. respectively. On two columns on the trolley, the horizontal Y-axis 38 is fixed, for the horizontal movement of the metering tube from the reservoir to Collecting bin is provided The vertical X-axis 39 is connected to the Y-axis and provides for upward and downward movement of the metering tube. Between the columns, the collecting container hangs on two horizontal linear drives 40, so that the collecting container can be brought exactly to the point where the metering tube can dive for emptying and after completion of a component (raw material charge) the collecting container can be moved forward and turned off. An automatic clamping device 41 lowers the collection container and places it on a stationary emptying device.

All features described in the description, the following claims and the Zeichnuneng can be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination.

Claims

claims

1) Device for removing and dosing at least one free-flowing component from at least one storage container (15) in at least one collecting container (25), with a metering device (1), characterized in that the device has a lifting and lowering device (50) with the metering device (1) in the reservoir (15) and is executable, wherein the metering device (1) comprises a metering tube (14) with a metering plate (6) 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Dosing device (1) with a coupling means (32) can be arranged uncoupled on a weighing device (2), wherein the weighing device (2) is arranged on the lifting and lowering device (SO). 3) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the storage container (14) has an inner tube (19) through which the metering device (1) can be inserted and removed. 4) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metering plate (6) has an annular groove and that the metering tube (14) has a recess with a scraper. 5) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size of the metering tube (14) in length and diameter and the metering plate (6) is designed variable in diameter to allow adaptation to the amount of bulk material.

6) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metering device (1) is fixed in position and the storage container (14) are movable past it.

7) Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metering device (1) and the collecting container (25) to the reservoir (IS) are movable towards.

8) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the metering device (1) on the reservoir (15) can be arranged and a weighing (2) and the lifting and lowering device (50) are movable separately. 9) Method for removing and dosing at least one free-flowing] component, in which a metering device (1) by means of a lifting and

Lowering device (50) is introduced into the at least one storage container (15), then the at least one free-flowing component is introduced into the metering device (t),

Thereafter, the metering device (1) is lifted out of the at least one storage container (15) by means of the lifting and lowering device (SO),

and then the at least one free-flowing component of the

Dosing (1) is placed in a collecting container (25), wherein at the bottom open end of the metering device (1) a metering plate (6) is present, which closes the metering device (1) in a horizontal upper position;

by means of a pivoting device (1 1, 12) of the metering plate (6) is lowered first and then inclined;

then, by turning the metering plate (6), the at least one free-flowing component either into the metering device (I) or out of the

Dosing (1) is spent out;

Finally, the turntable (6) is pivoted to the horizontal and raised to close the metering device (1). 10) Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the

Metering device (1) through a in the at least one reservoir (15) existing inner tube (19) through to the bottom (18) of the at least one reservoir (15) is guided. 1 1) Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the lifting and lowering device (50) is first coupled to a metering tube (14) which is arranged in the at least one storage container (15), after the removal and dosing of the metering tube (14) is spent in the at least one storage container (15) and uncoupled from the lifting and lowering device (50). 12) Plant for assembling several free-flowing components, in particular with small weights as ingredients or additives to mixtures with exact formulation of the components, comprising a storage container (1 5) per component, wherein the storage containers (15) are arranged linearly,

comprising at least one metering device (1) with metering plate (6) and a weighing device (2), which are arranged on an X-Y-axis on an electrically driven carriage (22) having a collecting container (25) for receiving the individual pre-weighed components entrained, characterized in that the carriage (22) on the Vorratsbehältem (15) is movable along, which are placed on both sides of the route;

the plant in particular by an intelligent recipe control and a

Indication system is controllable or controllable to stop at the reservoir (15), from which the next component is to be taken;

the metering tube (14) is lowered into the reservoir (15) so as to extract a quantity of material of the component which is greater than one

Desired weight and top of the metering plate (6) as long as from the metering tube (14) in the reservoir (15) can be dosed back until the precisely funded

Amount of material in the dosing tube (14) is;

then the metering device (1) to the collecting container (25) is movable and can be emptied into this;

and, after all components have been completely emptied into the collection container (25), this can be positioned at the end of the route.