WO2012006924A1 - 具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器 - Google Patents

具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012006924A1
WO2012006924A1 PCT/CN2011/076317 CN2011076317W WO2012006924A1 WO 2012006924 A1 WO2012006924 A1 WO 2012006924A1 CN 2011076317 W CN2011076317 W CN 2011076317W WO 2012006924 A1 WO2012006924 A1 WO 2012006924A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wing
vaginal dilator
positioning
handle
wings
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/076317
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林静
张星星
吴茜茜
Original Assignee
上海林静医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2010102270149A external-priority patent/CN101869735B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201010227012XA external-priority patent/CN101869736B/zh
Application filed by 上海林静医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 上海林静医疗器械有限公司
Priority to EP11806266.0A priority Critical patent/EP2586486B1/en
Priority to US13/511,930 priority patent/US8876711B2/en
Publication of WO2012006924A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012006924A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/32—Devices for opening or enlarging the visual field, e.g. of a tube of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods

Definitions

  • a vaginal dilator having a flank or a wing with a wing having a flank or a wing with a wing.
  • This invention relates to vaginal dilators, and more particularly to a vaginal dilator having flank or upper and lower wings with wings. Background technique
  • the vaginal dilator is a commonly used examination and surgical instrument for obstetrics and gynecology to expose the examination site or position.
  • Commonly used vaginal dilators include a flap-shaped upper and lower wings that can be opened and closed, and the upper and lower wings are opened at a certain angle by a positioning device or an expansion fixture on the dilator, and the doctor passes the upper and lower wings.
  • a speculum comprises a main body having two proximal ends connected thereto.
  • the expansion of the body refers to 14A, 14B
  • the other expansion finger 28 extends between and is fixed to the body
  • the actuator is pivotally coupled to the body
  • the actuator is formed with a fixation between the fingers 14A, 14B.
  • Chinese Patent 200820080747.2 discloses "a multi-leaf voyeur for gynecology", which differs from the former in that the blade can be three or four pieces, but the connection with the handle is the same.
  • Chinese Patent No. 200620172721.1 discloses a "multi-page cervical speculum", the disclosed solution of the speculum is different from that disclosed in the above three patents, including a top page duckbill and a lower page duckbill, and a pass The rotating page on the side of the duckbill on the next page is connected to the rotating page of the duckbill on the next page to realize the expansion of the vagina in three directions of the upper, lower and side.
  • the first three patents have the drawback that the lateral leaves are placed outside the upper and lower wings and cannot be recovered into the upper and lower wings, so they will cause pain to the patient when entering the vagina; although the fourth patent is to some extent Compensating for the shortcomings of the first three patents, a side leaf is placed in the lower wing, but its own defect is that there is only one side flap, and it only acts to block the vaginal wall and not to expand the vaginal wall.
  • Cisokawa smoke-type double-wing vaginal dilator and a method of manufacturing the same
  • the upper and lower blades are fitted with elastic silicone sleeve wings or elastic winged wings or accordion folding wings.
  • This flap is designed to prevent the vaginal wall exposed between the upper and lower wings from being blocked by the risk of burning during surgery with LEEP and is not likely to expand the vaginal wall.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 00232603. 5 discloses a "fastening disposable vaginal speculum", wherein an electric light source with a lead wire and a joint is arranged on the inner side of the near root of the upper voyeur, and the electric light source and the lamp socket can be spirally connected. And a smoke removing pipe is disposed on the lower peeping page and the hand-held handle, and the lower end of the smoke removing pipe is connected to the vacuum suction pipe through a hose, wherein the smoke removing pipe can be integrated with the lower peeping page, The hard elbow can be attached to the lower peep page.
  • the drawback is that the electric light source of the lead wire and the joint, even if it is not partially sealed, has an unsafe risk for the medical device and is not clinically useful, if all are placed in the pipe, and the patent Both the pipeline and the smoke removal pipe are closely sealed with a pipe cover and a pipe that can be opened. Such a long and curved lower wing smoke removal pipe cannot be made with a plastic mold and has difficulty in demoulding. Practicality is limited.
  • Chinese Patent Application No. 200720038815. 4 discloses a "vaginal dilator with smoke exhaust", wherein a smoke exhaust pipe is installed on the inner side of the upper wing of the duckbill, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the exhaust pipe body, and the through hole is arranged. At the bottom of the front end of the exhaust pipe body, the end of the exhaust pipe extends to the tail of the duckbill.
  • a plurality of through holes are formed in the exhaust pipe, that is, a through hole is opened at a distance from the exhaust pipe, and not the entire opening can be opened.
  • a vaginal dilator having a side wall retractor that functions to pull the vaginal tissue in a state where the vaginal tissue remains slack in the lateral direction,
  • the retractor is not formed with a smoke exhaust passage.
  • the vaginal dilator can provide channels and access covers for the installation of illumination or imaging devices, as well as front and rear openings.
  • illumination or imaging devices as well as front and rear openings.
  • sexually when used, can effectively expand the walls of the vagina to obtain the required clinical field of view and can more advantageously and more quickly discharge the harmful fumes generated during surgery and provide channels and access covers for installing lighting devices or camera devices, and
  • the channel body edge may have a slot for embedding the channel cover.
  • a vaginal dilator having a side flap comprising: an upper wing; a handle integrally formed with the upper wing and extending downward at an obtuse angle along a side of the upper wing; a lower wing; and a handle integrally formed with the lower wing and extending downwardly along the lower wing side at a right angle; the upper end of the upper wing and the lower rear end are respectively connected by a pin, and the handle and the handle pass through a first An expansion fixture is engaged, and further comprising a circular arc-shaped active positioning sleeve and at least one side wing, wherein the two ends of the active positioning sleeve are connected to the shaft holes on the two sides of the rear wing by the active positioning sleeve pin
  • the outer side of the active positioning sleeve is respectively provided with a mounting seat, and the upper part of the side wing is connected with the upper part of the side wing through
  • the side flap has a front portion and a rear portion, the front portion is rearward than the rear portion, and the joint structure includes an joint shaft formed by extending radially inward of the inner side of the side flap near the top portion. And a joint cavity formed on the mount, the joint shaft mates with the joint cavity (both detachable and non-removable) to pivot the side flap relative to the mount.
  • at least one of the side flaps has an inner passage, and the front end and/or the inner side are provided with at least one opening communicating with the inner passage.
  • the inner passage is composed of a passage body and a passage cover.
  • the inner passage is composed of a passage body and a passage cover, and the edge of the passage body has a groove for inserting the passage cover.
  • the active positioning sleeve shaft pin drives the side flap to rotate upward or downward through the rotation of the upper wing shaft hole, or the side flap is rotated, and the joint structure is rotated together with the active positioning sleeve to adjust the upper and lower seats of the side wing. .
  • the rear end of the upper wing opens a limit slot in the middle portion thereof, and the active positioning sleeve is provided with a corresponding limiting block on the inner side of the middle portion, and the active positioning sleeve and the side wing are restricted by the limiting block to limit the active positioning.
  • the limit range for the sleeve and the flank to rotate downward.
  • the first expansion fixing device comprises at least one positioning hook on the handle and a positioning buckle on the handle, and the positioning hook and the positioning buckle are interchangeable.
  • the first expansion fixing device comprises a positioning plate which is provided with an arcuate groove on the handle which is connected to the pin shaft of the upper wing and the upper wing, and is disposed on the handle plate through the positioning plate.
  • a positioning rod with a nut for the curved groove.
  • the second expansion fixing device comprises at least one positioning hook provided at the rear of the side wing, and a positioning buckle on the rear end of the upper wing or the mounting seat, and the positioning hook and the positioning buckle are interchangeable.
  • the second expansion fixing device comprises an inwardly extending screw on the inner side of the rear end of the side wing, the screw passing through the positioning buckle protruding upward at the rear end of the upper wing or the mounting seat, the screw and the positioning buckle passing through the nut fixed.
  • the side flap has a front portion and a rear portion with an inwardly recessed central portion therebetween, which is generally in the shape of a bent strip, and has a radially inwardly extending and inwardly projecting joint on the inner side of the middle portion near the top portion. a shaft, the joint shaft being pivotally engaged with the joint cavity.
  • the front central portion of the side flap is curved inward, and the front end of the front portion is substantially straight.
  • the front portion of the side flap is in the shape of a duckbill.
  • the front portion of the side flap is circular.
  • the expansion device After the operation and the end of the operation, loosen the first part of the rear wing and the rear end of the upper wing or the positioning buckle on the mounting seat.
  • the expansion device the left and right wings are collected in the upper and lower wings, and then the first expansion fixture is released, the upper and lower wings are folded, and the vaginal dilator having the flank is taken out from the vagina.
  • a vaginal dilator having an upper and a lower wing with a wing
  • a vaginal dilator comprising an upper wing, and a handle and a lower wing extending downwardly in an obtuse direction with the rear end of the body, And a handle extending integrally at a substantially right angle to the rear end of the body, the upper end of the upper wing and the lower end of the lower wing are connected by a pin, and the handle is engaged with the handle by the expansion fixing device, and is characterized in that:
  • the upper and lower attachment wings are respectively disposed on the inner side of the upper and lower wings, and the upper and lower attachment wings are provided with an inner passage, and the inner passage includes a passage main body and a passage cover and a matching passage cover thereof and/or
  • the channel body edge may have a slot for embedding the channel cover, the channel having at least one opening facing the vagina.
  • the expansion fixation device is loosened to fold the upper and lower wings, and the vaginal dilator with the wings attached to the upper and lower wings is taken out from the vagina.
  • vaginal dilators having upper and lower wings
  • the above-described technical solutions are equally applicable to vaginal dilators including upper and lower wings and flank.
  • the side flaps of the present invention can be arranged as left and right side flaps, and one left side wing or right side wing can be installed according to clinical needs, or both left and right sides can be installed at the same time; and the left and right side flaps can be installed according to clinical needs to install an upper wing or increase installation.
  • the vaginal dilator of the above aspect of the present invention is inserted into the vagina in a state in which the upper and lower wings are closed and the side wings are folded between the upper and lower wings, and the control handle and the handle are opened to open the upper and lower wings.
  • To the desired field of view maintain the field of view by the first expansion fixture, then control the left and right wing rear ends toward each other, open the two wings to the desired field of view, and then engage the rear and upper wings of the wing
  • the second expansion fixture of the locating buckle on the end or the seat at this time, can be viewed through the upper and lower wings and the left and right wings expanded, the vagina, the cervix and/or the surgery.
  • the vaginal dilator based on the present invention provides an internal passageway on the wing of the flank or upper and lower wings, which provides the possibility of fulfilling different usage requirements.
  • the generated smoke passes through the opening on the inside of the left and/or right wing, and/or through the opening on the inside of the upper and lower wings, through the tube of the inner channel
  • the road is connected to the back end to connect the negative pressure device.
  • the vaginal dilator having the wing with the upper and lower wings according to the present invention provides more exhaust passages in the inner and lower wings of the left and right flank than the prior art, thereby increasing and accelerating the emission of smoke, and more Conducive to the health of the doctor and the patient.
  • the prior art vaginal dilator is used for inspection and surgery, and is viewed by external high-power illumination. Surgery and surgery, therefore, the inspection of the deeper vaginal examination site and position is not very good.
  • the vaginal dilator of the present invention since the side channel is designed with an inner channel or an outer channel, the upper attachment wing and the lower attachment wing are respectively designed with an inner passage composed of a passage cover and a passage or by the passage main body, the passage cover and the passage body edge. An internal passage for the groove embedded in the passage cover.
  • the entire inner passage is fully exposed, so that it can be carried out very conveniently and very accurately at the opening on the inside of the left and/or right wing and on the inside of the upper and/or lower wing.
  • a lighting device such as an LED, is installed at the opening, and the power supply line can pass through the power supply through the fully exposed side flaps and/or the inner passages in the upper wing and/or the lower wing, and the power is passed through the operator when the installation is completed.
  • the cover closes the passage so that deeper parts of the vagina can be operated under better lighting conditions, since all power sources, power lines and equipment are placed in the channel, which not only improves inspection and surgical conditions, but is also safe and reliable.
  • the vaginal dilator of the present invention can be attached to the front or inner channel opening of the fully exposed left and / or right wing or the upper wing and / or lower wing front end Mounting the camera at the inner channel opening, whether wired or wireless, makes it possible to provide an inspection site or surgical site image in real time. This will meet today's medical needs to provide real-time images, conditions for clinical diagnosis, even teleconsultation and teaching.
  • the access cover can be opened on the one hand, which can meet the needs of the operator to install the illumination or camera accurately, conveniently and quickly under direct vision; and can meet the requirements of sealing the channel cover and the channel after the channel cover and the channel are sealed. At the same time, it provides the demand for smoke exhaustion.
  • the upper wing can be provided with an upper wing hook in front of the rear part of the upper wing, and the upper wing hook is buckled into the limit groove in the middle of the rear end of the upper wing to be detachably fixed;
  • the rear part of the rear part is provided with a lower wing fixing buckle, and the lower side wing buckle is buckled into the limiting groove in the middle of the rear end of the lower wing to be detachably fixed.
  • the left and right side wings can be installed with a left side wing or a right side wing according to clinical needs, or both left and right sides are installed at the same time
  • the above-mentioned left and right flank can be installed with an upper wing according to clinical needs, or an additional lower wing can be installed, or the upper and lower wings can be added at the same time, and the invention has great elasticity and adaptability.
  • the vaginal dilator according to the invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art and can be used with only the upper and lower wings
  • the same or similar height and width of the dilator can be inserted into the vagina to achieve the clinically desired expansion and reduce the patient's pain, while the attached wings are concealed on the inner side of the upper and lower wings without the addition of wings.
  • the outer dimensions of the expander become large and cause pain to the patient or increase production costs.
  • the vaginal dilator according to the present invention also has the advantages of simple structure, ease of manufacture, and low cost. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front view of one embodiment of the side flap;
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the top view of the vaginal dilator with flaps of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the vaginal dilator having a side flap of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the vaginal dilator according to the present invention having wings attached to the upper and lower wings;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the arrow A in Figure 4;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the B direction view of Fig. 4. detailed description
  • a vaginal dilator having a flank includes: an upper wing 1, a handle 3 integral with the upper wing 1 and extending downwardly at a side angle of the upper wing side, a lower wing 2, a handle 4 which is opposite to the lower wing 2 body and extends downward along the side of the lower wing 2 to a right angle force, and the two sides of the rear end of the upper wing 1 and the lower wing 2 are respectively connected by a pin 5, so The upper wing 1 and the lower wing 2 can be closed by controlling the handle 3.
  • the first expansion fixing device between the upper and lower wings includes: a positioning plate on the handle provided with an arcuate groove with the pin shaft 5 as a center of rotation, and is provided on the handle A locating rod with a nut that passes through an arcuate slot on the locating plate.
  • An arc-shaped active positioning sleeve 8 is disposed on the outer side of the rear end of the upper wing 1 and is rotatably coupled to the shaft hole of the upper wing 1 through the pin 20 at both ends, wherein a limit is provided in the middle of the rear end of the upper wing 1 In the slot 9, the inner side of the active positioning sleeve 8 has a limiting block 10 corresponding to the position of the limiting slot 9 (see Fig. 1).
  • the outer side of the movable positioning sleeve 8 has a radially outwardly extending mounting seat 1 1 .
  • the mounting seat 1 1 is connected to the upper part of the side wing by a joint structure, so that the side wing is pivoted to be folded between the upper and lower wings or horizontally extended from the upper and lower wings, and the seat has a receiving side wing 12 thereon.
  • the joint cavity of the joint axis 13 (as explained later).
  • At least one side flap 12 is provided in the present invention.
  • two left and right wings are provided, and the left and right side wings are a pair of identical structures, but in a symmetrical configuration.
  • the joint structure includes an articulation shaft 13 formed at an upper middle portion of the side flap 12, and a joint cavity formed on the mount 1 1 , the joint shaft mates with the joint cavity to allow the side flap 12 to be mounted relative to the joint The seat pivots.
  • the side flaps 12 have a front portion and a rear portion with an inwardly recessed central portion therebetween, which is generally in the shape of a bent strip, and a central portion near the top has a radially inwardly extending and inwardly convex shape.
  • the joint shaft 13 is pivotally engaged with the joint cavity described above, and the front portion of the side flap 12 is curved.
  • the front portion of the side flaps 12 is duckbill shaped.
  • the front portion is circular.
  • the inner side of the rear end of the flank and the rear end of the upper wing or the seat (not shown in the drawings) have a second expansion fixing means for adjusting and fixing the opening of the flank degree.
  • the inner side of the rear end of the side flap 12 has an inwardly extending positioning hook 14, and correspondingly, a rear end of the upper wing 1 or the mounting seat has a positioning buckle 15 that engages with the positioning hook 14.
  • the positioning hooks 14 have at least one or more of them for adjusting the distance at which the side flaps are expanded to the left and right. When the positioning hooks 14 and the positioning buckles 15 are engaged, the open state of the left and right side wings 12 will be fixed.
  • the inner side of the rear end of the side flap 12 has an inwardly extending screw which passes through the upper wing and has a curved groove at the rear end with the pin 20 as the center of rotation.
  • the positioning plate has a nut on the screw. By twisting the nut, the side flap 12 is fixed to the upper wing 1 to achieve expansion and fixation of the side flap.
  • the left and/or right side wings 12 have a passageway 18 therein, and the sides of the front end of the side flap 12 that are outside the excluded side, such as the inner side, the upper side or the lower side, are provided with at least one communication with the passageway 18.
  • the opening 19, wherein the outer side is attached to the vaginal wall when the flank is opened, and the passage opening is provided on the outer side is of no clinical use value.
  • the passageway may be provided with or without a passage cover.
  • the passage body edge preferably has a groove for inserting the passage cover for the purpose of sealing connection.
  • the passage in the attachment wing is composed of a channel body and a wing cover thereon, and the body edge may have a groove for inserting the channel cover for quick, accurate and safe Implementation, for example, the need to install LEDs and lay power cords, which can simultaneously vent smoke.
  • the rear end of the side flap 12 can be made into a pipe joint 16 so as to be passed through the hose with the negative pressure device 21 (including single pass, double pass, three pass). Or multi-function hose) connection, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the vaginal dilator includes an upper wing 1, a shank 3 integral with the upper wing 1 extending downwardly at an obtuse angle along its rear end, a lower wing 2, and a lower body 2 a handle 4 extending downwardly along the rear end of the lower wing 2 in a direction perpendicular to the right angle, and the two sides of the rear end of the upper wing 1 and the lower wing 2 are respectively connected by a pin 5, so that the upper wing 1 and the lower wing 2 can pass Control the handle by 3 pieces.
  • the expansion and fixation device between the upper and lower wings includes: a positioning plate on the handle provided with an arcuate groove having a pin 5 as a center of rotation, The shank is provided with a positioning rod with a nut passing through an arcuate groove on the positioning plate.
  • the front ends of the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37 are "invisible" on the inner side of the upper and lower wings 1, 2, respectively.
  • a plurality of protrusions 28 are provided on the outer edges of the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37, and correspondingly, a plurality of grooves 29 are provided on the outer edges of the inner sides of the upper and lower wings 1, 2 and the corresponding positions of the projections 28
  • the snapping of the lug 28 and the recess 29 connects the upper and lower flaps 36, 37 to the upper and lower wings 1, 2, respectively (see Figures 5 and 6).
  • a plurality of snaps may be disposed on the outer edges of the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37, and correspondingly, the snap seats are provided on the upper and lower wings 1, 2, which will be up and down.
  • the attachment wings 36, 37 are connected to the upper and lower wings 1, 2, respectively.
  • the upper and lower wings 36, 37 are joined to the upper and lower wings 1, 2 by adhesive or welding.
  • an upper wing hook 38 may be disposed in front of the rear end of the upper wing adjacent to the top end, and the upper wing hook 38 is buckled into the limit groove in the middle of the rear end of the upper wing. It can be detachably fixed.
  • a lower flap fastener 39 is provided at the rear of the lower wing, and the lower flap fastener 39 is snapped into the limiting groove 40 at the rear of the lower wing for detachable fixing.
  • the passages 30 on the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37 are further illustrated. As shown, the passage 30 is composed of a passage body 31 and a passage cover 34.
  • the channel body 31 is longitudinally longer than the lateral direction, and its cross-sectional shape may be U-shaped, inverted ⁇ -shaped or truncated-shaped circle, on the side of the channel body 31 facing the vagina on the upper wing 6
  • the channel body 31 on the attachment wing 37 has at least one hole 35 on the side facing the vagina (two are shown in the figure), and the axial front end of the channel body 31 may be closed or open, and the rear end There is an opening 33 which is connectable to a conduit 32 (shown in phantom in the figure).
  • the passage cover 34 is elongated and conforms to the shape of the groove on the passage main body 31.
  • a pipe is formed to constitute the hole 35, the passage main body 31 and the passage on the passage main body.
  • the smoke enters through the aperture 35 and is connected to a vacuum device (not shown) via the passage and conduit 32 to discharge the smoke.
  • the lighting device or the camera device needs to be installed, the operator can open the channel cover, and install the LED lamp or the camera in the hole 35 of the channel body 31 accurately, quickly and conveniently under direct vision, the power supply line or the signal line. It can be circumscribed from the opening 33 in the channel body 31 through the passage 30.
  • the channel body 31 of the channel 30 can be formed by injection molding or stamping with the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37.
  • the upper and lower attachment wings 36, 37 and the channel body 31 can also be separately formed and joined together by bonding or welding.
  • the vaginal dilator of the present invention may be made of stainless steel, plastic, environmentally friendly material or the like, but is not limited thereto.

Abstract

一种具有侧翼或上、下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器，包括上翼（1）、按柄（3）、下翼（2）、手柄（4），上翼（1）和下翼（2）通过销轴（5）连接，按柄（3）与手柄（4）通过第一扩张固定装置相啮合，该具有侧翼的阴道扩张器还包括一个与上翼（1）可转动连接的圆弧形活络定位套（8），该套（8）的两端分别设有安装座(11），该安装座(11）上设有接纳可收合在上、下翼（1,2）间的侧翼（12）的关节腔，侧翼（12）后部设有与上翼（1）后端或安装座（11）上的定位扣（15）相啮合的第二扩张固定装置，侧翼（12）内设有通道（18）、通道盖和用于嵌入通道盖的槽；所述上、下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器还包括上附翼（36）和下附翼（37），所述上附翼(36）和下附翼（37）分别容置在上翼（1）和下翼（2）内侧面；所述上、下附翼（36,37）设有内通道（30）。所述具有侧翼的阴道扩张器可进行上-下和左-右方向上扩张和固定，以提供更大的视野范围。所述具有侧翼或上、下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器具有高排烟雾能力、便于安装照明装置或摄像装置等、结构简单、易于制造的优点。

Description

具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器 本 PCT国际申请主张申请人于 2010年 7月 14日提交的中国发明专利申请第 201010227014.9号和第 201010227012.X号的优先权，这两个发明专利申请的所揭 示的内容一并援引与此。 技术领域
本发明涉及阴道扩张器， 特别是涉及一种具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道 扩张器。 背景技术
阴道扩张器是妇产科常用的检查、 手术器械， 用于暴露检查部位或术位。 常 用的阴道扩张器包括可开合的呈鸭嘴状的上翼和下翼， 通过扩张器上的定位装置 或扩张固定装置保持上、 下翼张开一定的角度， 大夫通过上、 下翼张开的视野范 围观察、 检查和手术。 事实上， 受上、 下翼本身宽度的限制， 和上、 下翼张开后， 在上翼和下翼两侧之间的阴道壁将回填到所张开区域内， 从而减少了暴露范围， 给检查或手术带来困难。 如果采取增加上、 下翼的张开角度， 除出给患者带来痛 苦外， 回填也将增加， 所以这不是一个良好的对策。
针对已有技术的上述缺陷， 国际申请 PCT/AU98/00737 公开了一种 "窥器 (speculum) " ， 其提出的解决方案是:一窥器包括一主体， 它有两个其近端连接于 主体的扩张指 14A、 14B， 另一扩张指 28在上述指之间延伸并固定于主体， 一致 动器可枢转地连接于主体， 致动器形成有一与位于指 14A、 14B 之间的固定指 28相对的扩张指 70， 当致动器枢动时， 该指即刻开始转离其余的指， 致动器转动 一定角度之后， 开始与它们的近端附近的指 14的内部接触， 使那些指的远端彼此 分开地运动， 指 14A、 14B绕倾斜铰链轴铰接， 使得当致动器邻接它们时， 它们 以朝上和朝侧面的组合运动形式运动。 中国专利 200620133849. 7公开了 "一种妇 科用四叶窥视器" ， 提出的解决方案是在手柄上部圆形孔内均布地用枢轴的连接 方式将四个叶片可旋转固定在手柄上， 通过该专利所提供的控制机构实现四个叶 片同时张合。 中国专利 200820080747.2公开了 "一种妇科用多叶窥视器" ， 与前 者不同的是在于叶片可以是三片或者四片， 但与手柄的连接方式是相同的。 中国 专利 200620172721.1公开一种 "多页式宫颈窥器" ， 其公开的该窥器的解决方案 与上面三个专利公开的不同， 包括一个上页鸭嘴和一个下页鸭嘴， 以及一个通过 设在下页鸭嘴一侧的转动轴与下页鸭嘴连接的转动页， 实现上、 下、 及一侧的三 个方向对阴道的扩张。
上述四个专利都在克服己有技术的缺陷上做出了贡献。 但是， 前三个专利的 缺陷在于侧叶都设置在上、 下翼的外面且均不能回收到上下翼内， 因此在进入阴 道时会给病人带来痛苦;第四个专利虽在一定程度上弥补了前三个专利的缺陷， 将 一个侧叶设置在下翼内， 但其自身的缺陷是仅有一个侧翼， 而且使用时只是起阻 挡阴道壁而并非是扩张阴道壁的作用。
另一方面， 近年来随着电子阴道镜的迅速普及， 妇女宫颈疾病中的相当一部 分患者需要采用环状电极宫颈癌前病变环切术 （LEEP ) ， 手术时会产生剌喉带焦 臭难闻的有害烟雾， 影响大夫和患者的健康， 同时也模糊了大夫的视线。
中国专利申请 200810107219. 6公开了 "一次性使用排烟型双护翼阴道扩张器 及其制造方法"， 包括上、 下两叶， 在上叶内侧设有与抽烟装置相连通的抽烟管， 在上叶片及下叶片装有弹性硅胶套筒护翼或弹性翅状护翼或手风琴式折叠护翼。 该护翼是为了防止在用 LEEP 刀手术时对上、 下翼之间暴露的阴道壁可能受到灼 热危险的阻挡而不可能起到扩张阴道壁的作用。 上翼上装有一个抽烟管， 该抽烟 管除两头相通外， 四周均为密封的管子， 并无通道盖， 就无可谈及能打开通道盖， 操作人员不可能在直视下安装例如 LED等、 摄像头等微型仪器。
中国专利申请 00232603. 5公开了一种 "扣合式一次性阴道窥器" ， 所述在上 窥页近根部的内侧设有带引出线和接头的电光源，电光源与灯座可采用螺旋连接， 以及在所述下窥页与手持柄上设有除烟管， 除烟管的下端通过软管与负压吸引管 相接， 其中所述除烟管可与下窥页制成一体， 也可将硬质弯管固定于下窥页上。 其缺陷在于引出线和接头的电光源， 即使是部分不在密封的管道内， 对于医疗器 械而言就存在不安全的风险而不具临床使用性， 若全部安置在管道内， 而该专利 所述的管道和除烟管都是一个四周密封而并非是可以开启的管道盖和管道的密 配， 这么长且弯曲的下翼除烟管， 至今也无法用塑料模具来制作而存在脱模的困 难， 实用性受到限制。
中国专利申请 200720038815. 4公开了一种"带排烟的阴道扩张器"， 所述在 鸭嘴上翼的内侧安装有排烟管， 及排烟管身上开有多个通孔， 通孔设置于排烟管 管身前端的底部， 排烟管末端延伸至鸭嘴尾部。 虽然该专利比上述两个四周密封 的管子进步了一点， 在排烟管身上开有多个通孔， 即在排烟管的隔一段距离中开 一个通孔，而并非是可以整条开启的通道盖， 因此这种带排烟的阴道扩张器的"多 个通孔" 都只能用于排烟， 不具备打开整个通道盖可以让操作工在直视下快速而 准确地安装例如 PLE灯、 摄像头等设备装置而增加阴道扩张器的许多临床实用功 能， 且排烟管只有一个， 这不利于有毒烟雾的快速排放， 也起不到多管道协同排 放的作用和效果。
同样在美国专利第 US6, 432, 048B1 号揭示了一种具有侧壁牵开器的阴道扩张 器，该侧壁牵开器的作用是使阴道组织在横向保持松弛的状态下牵引阴道扩张器， 该牵开器并未形成有排烟通道。
再一方面， 随着临床医学的发展， 要求对检查和手术部位能更清楚、 更清晰 的观察， 以及对检查和手术部位提供实时图像， 以满足临床诊断和教学的需要， 为此， 要求在阴道扩张器内能提供安装照明或摄像等装置的通道和通道盖以及前 后开口， 换言之， 当具备通道、 通道盖和前后开口这三大要素时， 才能实现准确、 可靠、 快速、 方便安装照明、 摄像等装置， 并实现临床使用上的安全和有效。
而且迄今为止， 国内外尚未有通过设计通道、 通道盖和前后开口等来实现既 可安装照明， 又能安装摄像等装置， 同时又可以排烟的一管多用或数管齐用或各 管单独使用的具侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种阴道扩张器， 可使两侧翼在进入阴道前回收到上、 下翼内， 以避免外露在上、 下翼外的侧翼导致阴道壁的损伤、 疼痛而不具临床安 全性， 而在使用时可有效扩张阴道各壁以获得所需要的临床视野并能更有利于和 更快速排放手术中所产生的有害烟雾和提供安装照明装置或者摄像装置等的通道 和通道盖以及通道主体边缘可有一用于嵌入通道盖的槽。
为了达到上述目的， 根据本发明一方面提供一种具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 包 括： 一个上翼； 一个与上翼一体并沿上翼一侧与之成钝角方向向下延伸的按柄； 一个下翼； 和一个与下翼一体并沿下翼一侧与之成接近于直角方向向下延伸的手 柄； 上翼和下翼后端的两侧分别通过销轴连接， 按柄与手柄通过一第一扩张固定 装置相啮合， 其特征在于， 还包括一个圆弧形活络定位套和至少一个侧翼， 该活 络定位套的两端通过活络定位套轴销与上翼后端两侧的轴孔相连接， 活络定位套 的两端外侧分别设有一个安装座， 该安装座与侧翼中上部通过关节结构连接， 以 使侧翼枢转收合在上、 下翼间或从上、 下翼间水平地扩展开， 侧翼后部设有与上 翼后端或安装座上的定位扣相啮合的一第二扩张固定装置； 其中至少一个侧翼具 有通道。
较佳地， 所述的侧翼具有一前部和一后部， 前部比后部长， 所述关节结构包 括在所述侧翼的中部接近顶部的内侧径向向内延伸所形成的一个关节轴， 和在所 述安装座上形成的一个关节腔，关节轴与关节腔相配合（可拆卸和不可拆卸均可）， 以使侧翼相对于安装座枢转。 较佳地， 所述的侧翼至少有一个具有内通道， 其前 端和 /或内侧设有至少一个与该内通道相通的开口。
较佳地， 所述的内通道是由通道主体和通道盖组成。
较佳地， 所述的内通道是由通道主体和通道盖组成， 通道主体边缘有一用于 嵌入通道盖的槽。
较佳地， 所述活络定位套轴销通过上翼轴孔的转动而带动侧翼向上或向下转 动， 或拨动侧翼， 通过关节结构连同活络定位套转动， 从而调节侧翼的上、 下居 位。
较佳地， 所述的上翼后端在其中部开有限位槽， 所述的活络定位套在其中部 内侧设有相应的限位块， 活络定位套和侧翼通过限位块来限制活络定位套和侧翼 向下转动的极限范围。
较佳地， 所述的第一扩张固定装置包括按柄上的至少一个定位钩和手柄上的 定位扣， 且定位钩与定位扣可以互换。
较佳地， 所述的第一扩张固定装置包括按柄上设有以连接上、 上翼的销轴为 转动中心的弧形槽的定位板， 在手柄上设有穿过所述定位板上的弧形槽的带螺帽 的定位杆。
较佳地， 所述的第二扩张固定装置包括设在侧翼后部的至少一个定位钩， 和 上翼后端或安装座上的定位扣， 且定位钩与定位扣可以互换。
较佳地， 所述的第二扩张固定装置包括侧翼后端内侧有向内延伸的螺杆， 该 螺杆穿过在上翼后端或安装座向上凸起的定位扣， 螺杆和定位扣通过螺帽固定。
较佳地， 所述的侧翼具有一前部和一后部， 其间为一向内凹进的中部， 整体 呈弯条状， 中部接近顶部的内侧有一径向向内延伸并向内凸起的关节轴， 所述关 节轴与所述关节腔可枢转配合。
较佳地， 所述的侧翼的前中部向内呈弧形， 前部的前端大致平直。
较佳地， 所述的侧翼的前部呈鸭嘴状。
较佳地， 所述的侧翼的前部呈圆形。
检查、 手术结束后， 松开啮合侧翼后部与上翼后端或安装座上的定位扣的第 二扩张固定装置， 将左、 右侧翼收入于上、 下翼内， 再解开第一扩张固定装置， 使上、 下翼收合， 从阴道内取出具有侧翼的阴道扩张器。
根据本发明另一方面提供一种上、 下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器， 包括一个上 翼， 和一个与之一体的并与其后端沿钝角方向向下延伸的按柄， 一个下翼， 和一 个与之一体的沿其后端向下大致成直角方向延伸的手柄， 上翼和下翼后端的两侧 通过销轴连接， 按柄与手柄通过扩张固定装置相啮合， 其特征在于：还包括分别容 置在上、 下翼内侧面的上、 下附翼， 所述上、 下附翼设有内通道， 所述的内通道 包括一个通道主体和与之密配的通道盖和 /或通道主体边缘可有一用于嵌入通道 盖的槽， 所述的通道至少具有一个面向阴道的开口。
检查或手术结束后， 松开扩张固定装置， 使上、 下翼收合， 从阴道内取出上、 下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器。
应该指出：尽管上述技术方案只是提及具有上、下翼的阴道扩张器， 对于本专 业技术领域的技术人员不难理解， 上述技术方案同样适用于含上、 下翼和侧翼的 阴道扩张器。
本发明的侧翼可设置成左右侧翼，可根据临床需要安装一个左侧翼或右侧翼， 或者同时安装左右两个； 而且上述的左右侧翼可根据临床需要增加安装一个上附 翼， 或者增加安装一个下附翼， 或者同时增加安装上、 下附翼。
采用本发明上述方案的阴道扩张器， 使用时， 将上、 下翼处于闭合和两侧翼 收合于上、 下翼之间的状态下插入阴道， 控制手柄和按柄使上、 下翼张开至所需 视野， 通过第一扩张固定装置使之保持视野范围， 然后将相向地控制左、 右侧翼 后端， 使两个侧翼张开直至所需视野， 然后啮合侧翼后部与上翼后端或安装座上 的定位扣的第二扩张固定装置， 此时， 可通过上、 下翼和左、 右侧翼扩张的视野 观察、 检查阴道、 子宫颈和 /或进行手术。
基于本发明的阴道扩张器在侧翼或上、 下翼的附翼上提供了内通道， 这就为 实现不同的使用要求提供了可能。
当需对阴道或子宫颈进行超高频电波刀手术时， 所产生的烟雾通过左和 /或右 侧翼内侧的开口， 和 /或经上、 下附翼内侧的开口， 经内通道的管路并在后端连接 负压装置排放。 显然， 按照本发明的上、 下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器比之已有技 术多提供了左右侧翼内和下附翼内的排烟通道， 从而加大并加速了烟雾的排放， 更加有利于大夫和患者的健康。
已有技术的阴道扩张器在进行检查和手术时， 是藉助外界大功率照明进行观 察和手术， 因此， 对阴道较深的检查部位和术位照明不是很好。 按照本发明的阴 道扩张器， 由于在侧翼设计有内通道或外通道， 在上附翼、 下附翼分别设计有通 道盖和通道组成的内通道或由通道主体、 通道盖和通道主体边缘有一用于嵌入通 道盖的槽组成的内通道。
因此只要将通道盖打开， 整个内通道被全面暴露， 这样就可非常方便、 非常 准确地实施在左和 /或右侧翼内侧的开口处和或者在上附翼和 /或下附翼内侧的开 口处安装照明装置， 例如 LED , 其供电线便可通过全部暴露的侧翼和 /或上附翼和 /或下附翼内的内通道在操作人员直视下穿出电源， 安装完毕后将通道盖闭合通 道， 从而实现对阴道较深的部位可在更好的照明条件下进行， 因为所有电源、 电 源线和设备都安置在通道内， 不仅改善了检查和手术条件， 而且安全可靠。
与上述同样原理， 因为有了通道盖的设计， 本发明的阴道扩张器便可在全面 暴露的左和 /或右侧翼前端或内侧的通道开口处或上附翼和 /或下附翼前端或内侧 的通道开口处安装摄像头， 不论采用有线或无线传输， 都为实时提供检查部位或 手术部位图像成为可能。这就可以满足当今医学上对提供实时图像， 为临床诊断， 甚致远程会诊及教学提供条件的需求。
正是因为有了通道盖的巧妙设计， 一方面可打开通道盖， 可满足操作人员在 直视下准确、 方便、 快速地安装照明或摄像等需求； 并可满足当将通道盖与通道 密封后同时提供排烟的需求， 一举多得。
也是因为有了通道盖的巧妙设计， 才使得这么长而弯曲的上下附翼和侧翼能 够用普通塑料或降解材料制作而实现脱模， 用来一次性使用， 对于应用于环状电 极宫颈癌前病变环切术（LEEP) 的手术阴道扩张器而言， 杜绝医源性疾病的交叉 感染意义非常重大。
而且上附翼可采用在上附翼的后部的前面设有一个上附翼挂钩， 将该上附翼 挂钩扣入上翼后端中部的限位槽中予以可拆卸固定； 下附翼的后部的后面设有一 个下附翼固定搭扣， 将该下附翼搭扣扣入下翼后端中部的限位槽中予以可拆卸固 定。 上述可拆卸固定的好处在于可根据临床的需求进行即时安装。
由于侧翼后部设有与上翼后端或安装座上的定位扣相啮合的第二扩张固定装 置； 而且左右侧翼可根据临床需要安装一个左侧翼或右侧翼， 或者同时安装左右 两个； 而且上述的左右侧翼可根据临床需要增加安装一个上附翼， 或者增加安装 一个下附翼， 或者同时增加安装上、 下附翼， 本发明具有很大的弹性和适应性。
显然， 按照本发明阴道扩张器克服了已有技术的缺陷， 可在与只有上、 下翼 的扩张器相同或相近的高度和宽度插入阴道却能获得临床所需的扩张， 并减少患 者的痛苦， 而所提供的附翼隐匿在上、 下翼的内侧面， 不会因增加附翼使扩张器 的外形尺寸变大而给患者带来痛苦或增加生产成本。
按照本发明阴道扩张器还具有结构简单， 易于制造和成本低的优点。 附图说明
按照本发明的具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器的上述目的和其它目 的及其优点通过对下面结合附图所示实施例的详细说明将会更加清楚， 其中： 图 1为本发明的阴道扩张器具有侧翼的一个实施例的的主视方向的透视图； 图 2为图 1所示具有侧翼的阴道扩张器顶视方向的立体图；
图 3为图 2所示具有侧翼的阴道扩张器的剖视图；
图 4为按照本发明的阴道扩张器其上、 下翼具有附翼的另一实施例的剖视图； 图 5为图 4的 A向视图的放大图；
图 6为图 4的 B向视图的放大图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图来说明本发明的阴道扩张器具有侧翼的一个实施例。 首先参照 附图 1-2，具有侧翼的阴道扩张器包括：一个上翼 1， 一个与上翼 1一体并沿上翼一 侧与之成饨角方向向下延伸的按柄 3， 一个下翼 2， 一个与下翼 2—体并沿下翼 2 一侧与之成接近于直角力一向向下延伸的手柄 4， 上翼 1和下翼 2后端的两侧分 别用销轴 5连接， 因此， 上翼 1和下翼 2可通过控制按柄 3张合。
一个用于固定上翼 1和下翼 2张开状态的第一扩张固定装置， 该装置进一步 包括一个位于按柄 3前端向图 1所示左侧方向延伸的定位钩板 6， 定位钩在定位 钩板 6的内侧， 和一个手柄 3上的与定位钩板 6位置相当的定位扣 (未示出）。 按 照本发明的另一个实施例， 所述的上、 下翼间的第一扩张固定装置包括:按柄上设 有以销轴 5为转动中心的弧形槽的定位板， 在手柄上设有穿过所述定位板上的弧 形槽的带螺帽的定位杆。
一个圆弧形的活络定位套 8 置于上翼 1 后端的外侧， 并通过两端的销轴 20 与上翼 1 的轴孔可转动地连接在一起， 其中， 上翼 1后端中部有一限位槽 9， 活 络定位套 8的内侧有一与限位槽 9位置相当的限位块 10(见图 1)。
参看图 3， 活络定位套 8的两端外侧分别有一个径向向外延伸的安装座 1 1， 该安装座 1 1与侧翼中上部通过关节结构连接， 以使侧翼枢转而收合在所述的上、 下翼间或从上、下翼间水平地扩展开， 该座上有一接纳侧翼 12上的关节轴 13 (如 后说明） 的关节腔。
本发明中至少设置一个侧翼 12。 在本实施例中设置成左、 右翼两个， 左、 右 侧翼是一对结构相同， 但呈对称的配置。所述关节结构包括在所述侧翼 12的中上 部形成的一个关节轴 13， 和在所述安装座 1 1 上形成的一个关节腔， 关节轴与关 节腔相配合， 以使侧翼 12 相对于安装座枢转。 按照本发明的一个实施例， 侧翼 12具有一个前部和后部， 其间为一向内凹进的中部， 整体呈弯条状， 中部接近顶 部的内侧有一径向向内延伸并向内凸起的关节轴 13，该关节轴与上述的关节腔可 枢转配合， 侧翼 12的前部呈弧形。 按照本发明的另一个实施例， 侧翼上 12的前 部为鸭嘴形。 按照本发明的又一个实施例， 其前部呈圆形。
按照本发明的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 侧翼后端内侧和上翼后端或安装座间 (附图上未示出） 有一第二扩张固定装置， 该装置用于调节和固定侧翼的张开程 度。 按照本发明的一个实施例， 侧翼 12后端内侧有一向内延伸的定位钩 14，相应 地， 在上翼 1 的后端或安装座上有一和所述的定位钩 14啮合的定位扣 15。 定位 钩 14至少具有一个或一个以上， 用以调节侧翼向左右扩张的距离， 当定位钩 14 和定位扣 15啮合时， 将固定左、 右侧翼 12的张开状态。
按照本发明的第二扩张固定装置的另一个实施例，侧翼 12后端内侧有一个向 内延伸的螺杆， 该螺杆穿过上翼， 后端有一以销轴 20为转动中心的弧形槽的定位 板， 螺杆上有一螺帽。 通过拧动螺帽， 使侧翼 12与上翼 1间固接， 从而实现侧翼 的扩张和固定。
不难理解， 侧翼 12的后端实际上也是控制侧翼 12工作的手柄。
按照本发明的一个实施例， 左和 /或右侧翼 12 内有一个通道 18， 侧翼 12前 端的除外侧外的各侧， 例如内侧、上侧或下侧设有至少一个与通道 18相通的开口 19， 其中外侧因在侧翼张开时是贴着阴道壁， 通道开口设在外侧上是无临床使用 价值的。
而在侧翼中， 通道上可以设有通道盖或者不设通道盖。 凡是在通道上设置通 道盖的， 则通道主体边缘最好有一用于嵌入通道盖的槽， 以达到密封连接的目的。
在上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器中， 所述附翼中的通道由通道主体及其上的 附翼盖组成， 主体边缘可有一用于嵌入通道盖的槽， 以便于快速、 准确和安全实 施， 例如， 安装 LED和敷设电源线之需， 密封后可同时排出烟雾。 按照本发明的一个实施例，所述的通道用于排烟时，侧翼 12的后端可做成管 接头 16， 以便于和负压装置 21通过软管 （包括单通、 双通、 三通或多功能软管） 连接， 如图 3所示。
下面结合附图来说明本发明的阴道扩张器其上、下翼具有附翼的另一实施例。 首先参照附图 4， 阴道扩张器包括一个上翼 1， 一个与上翼 1一体的沿其后端成钝角 方向向下延伸的按柄 3 ， 一个下翼 2 ， 一个与下翼 2 —体的， 沿下翼 2 后端与之 成接近于直角方向向下延伸的手柄 4 ， 上翼 1 和下翼 2后端的两侧分别用销轴 5连 接， 因此， 上翼 1 和下翼 2 可通过控制按柄 3张合。
一个用于固定上翼 1 和下翼 2 张开状态的扩张固定装置， 该装置进一步包括 一个位于按柄 3前端向图 1所示左侧方向延伸的定位钩板，定位钩 6在定位钩板的内 侧， 和一个手柄 4上的与定位钩 6位置相当的定位扣（未示出）。 按照本发明的扩张 固定装置的另一个较佳实施例， 所述的上、下翼间的扩张固定装置包括：按柄上设 有以销轴 5为转动中心的弧形槽的定位板，在于柄上设有穿过所述定位板上的弧形 槽的带螺帽的定位杆。
继续参考图 4， 上、 下附翼 36、 37的前端分别 "隐形"设置在上， 下翼 1、 2的 内侧面上。 其中， 在上、 下附翼 36、 37的外缘上有多个凸块 28， 相应地在上、 下 翼 1、 2 内侧的外缘上与凸块 28 相应位置上设置多个凹槽 29 ， 凸块 28和凹槽 29 的扣合将上、 下附翼 36、 37 分别与上、 下翼 1、 2 连成一体（见图 5 和图 6)。 按 照本发明的一个较佳实施例， 可在上、 下附翼 36、 37的外缘设置多个按扣， 相对 应的在上、 下翼 1、 2上设置按扣座， 将上、 下附翼 36、 37分别与上、 下翼 1、 2连 接在一起。 按照本发明的又一个较佳实施例， 上、 下附翼 36、 37与上、 下翼 1、 2 用粘结剂或焊接连接在一起。 按照本发明的再一个较佳实施例， 可在上附翼的后 部靠近顶端的前面设置一个上附翼挂钩 38， 将该上附翼挂钩 38扣入上翼后端中部 的限位槽中予以可拆卸固定。和 /或在下附翼的后部设置一个下附翼搭扣 39， 将该 下附翼搭扣 39扣入下翼后部的限位槽 40中予以可拆卸固定。 现在进一步参考图 4， 进一步说明上、 下附翼 36、 37上的通道 30。 如图所示， 通道 30由通道主体 31和通 道盖 34组成。 其中， 通道主体 31是一个纵向远比横向长， 其截面形状可以是 U形， 倒置的 π形或截头的圆形， 在上附翼 6 上的通道主体 31面向阴道的一侧上和下附 翼 37上的通道主体 31面向阴道的一侧上至少有一个孔 35 (图中分别示出的是两 个）， 通道主体 31轴向前端可以是封闭的， 也可以是开口的， 后端有一个开口 33， 该开口可与一个管道 32 (图中以虚线示出）相接。 在孔 35相对的周边上有一个槽， 用于接纳通道盖 34。 通道盖 34是一个细长的， 与通道主体 31上的槽形状一致， 当 通道盖 34嵌入通道主体 31的槽内， 形成管路， 从而组成由通道主体上的孔 35、 通 道主体 31和通道盖 34间的管路、 和通道主体后端的开口 33的通路。 当通道 30用于 排烟雾时， 烟雾从孔 35进入， 经上述通路及管道 32连接到负压装置（未示出）上排 出烟雾。 而需要安装照明装置或摄像装置时， 操作人员便可将通道盖打开， 在直 视下将 LED灯或摄像头等准确、 快速、 方便地安装在通道主体 31的孔 35内， 供电线 或信号线可经通道 30内从通道主体 31上的开口 33外接。
按照本发明的一个较佳实施例， 通道 30 的通道主体 31可与上、 下附翼 36 、 37 用注塑或冲压一起成形成。
按照本发明的一个较佳实施例， 上、 下附翼 36、 37和通道主体 31也可以分别 成形， 通过粘结或焊接连成一体。
本发明的阴道扩张器可用不锈钢、 塑料、 环保材料或类似材料制造， 但不限 于此。
申请人己对本发明的构思和实施例做出了详细说明， 本领域的技术人员可在 此基础上做出各种变换和改进， 但这些变换和改进都没有脱离本发明的精神， 都 在权利要求书所限定的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1.一种具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 包括： 一个上翼； 一个与上翼一体并沿上翼 一侧与之成钝角方向向下延伸的按柄； 一个下翼； 和一个与下翼一体并沿下翼一 侧与之成接近于直角方向向下延伸的手柄，上翼和下翼后端的两侧通过销轴连接， 按柄与手柄通过一第一扩张固定装置相啮合， 其特征在于， 还包括一个圆弧形活 络定位套和至少一个侧翼， 该活络定位套的两端通过活络定位套轴销与上翼后端 两侧的轴孔相连接， 活络定位套的两端外侧分别设有一个安装座， 该安装座与侧 翼中上部通过关节结构连接， 以使侧翼枢转收合在上、 下翼间或从上、 下翼间水 平地扩展开， 侧翼后部设有与上翼后端或安装座上的定位扣相啮合的一第二扩张 固定装置； 其中至少一个侧翼具有通道。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的侧翼具 有一前部和一后部， 前部比后部长， 所述关节结构包括在所述侧翼的中部接近顶 部的内侧径向向内延伸所形成的一个关节轴， 和在所述安装座上形成的一个关节 腔， 关节轴与关节腔相配合， 以使侧翼相对于安装座枢转。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的侧翼至 少有一个具有内通道， 其前端和 /或内侧设有至少一个与该内通道相通的开口。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的内通道 是由通道主体和通道盖组成， 通道主体边缘可有一用于嵌入通道盖的槽。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述活络定位 套轴销通过上翼轴孔的转动而带动侧翼向上或向下转动， 或拨动侧翼， 通过关节 结构连同活络定位套转动， 从而调节侧翼的上、 下居位。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的上翼后 端在其中部开有限位槽， 所述的活络定位套在其中部内侧设有相应的限位块， 活 络定位套和侧翼通过限位块来限制活络定位套和侧翼向下转动的极限范围。
7.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的第一扩 张固定装置包括按柄上的至少一个定位钩和手柄上的定位扣， 且定位钩与定位扣 可以互换。
8.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的第一扩 张固定装置包括按柄上设有以连接上、下翼的销轴为转动中心的弧形槽的定位板， 在手柄上设有穿过所述定位板上的弧形槽的带螺帽的定位杆。
9.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的第二扩 张固定装置包括设在侧翼后部的至少一个定位钩， 和上翼后端或安装座上的定位 扣， 且定位钩与定位扣可以互换。
10.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器，其特征在于所述的第二扩 张固定装置包括侧翼后端内侧有向内延伸的螺杆， 该螺杆穿过在上翼后端或安装 座向上凸起的定位扣， 螺杆和定位扣通过螺帽固定。
11.根据权利要求 1所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器，其特征在于所述的侧翼具 有一前部和一后部， 其间为一向内凹进的中部， 整体呈弯条状， 中部接近顶部的 内侧有一径向向内延伸并向内凸起的关节轴， 所述关节轴与所述关节腔可枢转配 合。
12.根据权利要求 11所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的侧翼 的前中部向内呈弧形， 前部的前端大致平直。
13.根据权利要求 11所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的侧翼 的前部呈鸭嘴状。
14.根据权利要求 11所述的具有侧翼的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的侧翼 的前部呈圆形。
15.—种上、 下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器， 包括一个上翼， 和一个与之一体的 并与其后端沿钝角方向向下延伸的按柄， 一个下翼， 和一个与之一体的沿其后端 向下大致成直角方向延伸的手柄， 上翼和下翼后端的两侧通过销轴连接， 按柄与 手柄通过扩张固定结构相啮合， 其特征在于：还包括分别容置在上、下翼内侧面的 上、 下附翼， 所述上、 下附翼设有内通道， 所述的内通道包括一个通道主体和与 之密配的通道盖， 通道主体边缘可有一用于嵌入通道盖的槽， 所述的通道主体至 少具有一个面向阴道的开口。
16. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的上附翼的后部靠 近顶端的前面设有一个上附翼挂钩， 将该上附翼挂钩扣入上翼后端中部的限位槽 中予以可拆卸固定。
17. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的下附翼的后部靠 近末端的下面设有至少一个下附翼搭扣， 将该下附翼搭扣扣入下翼后端中部的限 位槽中予以可拆卸固定。
18. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的上、 下附翼的外 侧有一个或多个凸块， 相应的在上、下翼内侧有一个或多个接纳所述凸块的凹槽。
19. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的上、 下附翼外侧 有一个或多个按扣， 相应的在上、下翼内侧有一个或多个接纳所述按扣的按扣座。
20. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的通道主体的前端 是封闭或开口的， 后端是开口的， 其截面为 U 形、 倒置的口形或截头的圆形。
21. 根据权利要求 20所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的通道主体后端还 有一个与之相连接的管道， 包括单通、 双通、 三通及多用途管道。
22. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的扩张固定装置包 括按柄上的定位钩和手柄上的定位扣， 定位钩和定位扣可用互换。
23. 根据权利要求 15所述的阴道扩张器， 其特征在于所述的扩张固定装置包 括按柄上设有以连接上、 下翼的销轴为转动中心的弧形槽的定位板， 在于柄上设 有穿过所述定位板上的弧形槽的带螺帽的定位杆。
PCT/CN2011/076317 2010-07-14 2011-06-24 具有侧翼或上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器 WO2012006924A1 (zh)

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CN201010227012XA CN101869736B (zh) 2010-07-14 2010-07-14 上下翼具有附翼的阴道扩张器
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