WO2012006651A1 - Composition destinée à la fabrication de surfaces antidérapantes - Google Patents

Composition destinée à la fabrication de surfaces antidérapantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012006651A1
WO2012006651A1 PCT/AT2011/000305 AT2011000305W WO2012006651A1 WO 2012006651 A1 WO2012006651 A1 WO 2012006651A1 AT 2011000305 W AT2011000305 W AT 2011000305W WO 2012006651 A1 WO2012006651 A1 WO 2012006651A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slip
composition
composition according
component
components
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PCT/AT2011/000305
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johann Kiss
Original Assignee
Austria Wirtschaftsservice Gesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2010/004317 external-priority patent/WO2011006660A1/fr
Application filed by Austria Wirtschaftsservice Gesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Austria Wirtschaftsservice Gesellschaft Mbh
Priority to EP11751785.4A priority Critical patent/EP2593413B1/fr
Publication of WO2012006651A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012006651A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00362—Friction materials, e.g. used as brake linings, anti-skid materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60—Flooring materials

Definitions

  • composition for the production of non-slip surfaces Composition for the production of non-slip surfaces
  • the invention relates to compositions for the production of slip-resistant surfaces, preferably compositions of natural raw material components.
  • a variety of different, sometimes highly effective coating and binder systems are used with the aim of improving the anti-slip effect of surfaces and corresponding product mixtures. This is done either by subsequent surface finishing of existing materials or by production of material mixtures and combinations with anti-slip effect.
  • the largest share here modern synthetic products for example based on polyurethane, vinyl, acrylic and synthetic rubber, such. SBR, NBR etc., as well as combinations with other synthetic products.
  • synthetic products for example based on polyurethane, vinyl, acrylic and synthetic rubber, such. SBR, NBR etc., as well as combinations with other synthetic products.
  • natural rubber systems still cover a number of areas, their significance has been replaced by modern synthetic materials or displaced and replaced for economic or / and qualitative reasons.
  • liquid coating and binder systems are used with known manufacturing technologies, e.g. Coating, spraying, dipping, printing, painting, transfer coating, etc., applied to the surfaces to ensure the desired properties and effects.
  • Modern hotmelt systems have also become increasingly important in which modified plastics are plasticized and an "molten film film” is applied (bonded) onto the surfaces in an solvent-free process Requirements of the practice grown (eg due to changes in properties in the climate change and transition to stickiness up to melting at high temperatures).
  • non-slip finished natural products such as paper, cardboard, cork, wood, etc. barely meet the legally regulated minimum requirements for slip-resistant documents.
  • non-slip finished natural products such as paper, cardboard, cork, wood, etc.
  • Especially natural latex systems are preferably used only where lower mechanical loads and shear forces are given, for example as intermediate layers for stabilizing packaging units.
  • a further disadvantage of polymer latex systems, including natural latex, is their moderate to poor compatibility with certain additives, in particular the combination with certain electrolytes, such as bases, which can cause the emulsions to break, so that processability of latexes can only be achieved under special conditions possible and often not economical.
  • the object of the invention was the development of a composition for the production of slip-resistant surfaces, with which the stated problems in connection with processability, degradability and recyclability can be largely solved, which can be produced economically and which are suitable for use in the Cargo securing meets or exceeds the relevant legal requirements.
  • composition for producing slip-resistant surfaces comprising:
  • c) base selected from alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides
  • the composition can either be applied as a coating to a carrier or used as a molding composition or binder and made into a three-dimensional object, wherein in all cases more or less large proportions of other optional components can be taken into account.
  • optional components include, for example, pigments, dyes, plasticizers, flow or thickeners, mixing aids and fillers.
  • blowing agents to deliberately and selectively foam the composition, if a foamed slip-resistant surface or a viscoelastic foamed component is to be obtained.
  • the person skilled in the art will be able, without undue effort, to ascertain the additives which are suitable for the respective application for the respective system, whereby preference should be given to the natural origin of these additives.
  • the properties of the composition as a whole are significantly determined by the selection of the most suitable for the particular application components a) to d) and their mixing ratio in the composition according to the invention, which is why below in particular these basic components will be discussed.
  • the animal protein is responsible for the internal cohesion of the components of the composition due to the following functions.
  • Targeted and suitable selection of the animal protein can also be used to prepare or improve the compatibility with other auxiliaries or additives, such as fillers.
  • auxiliaries or additives such as fillers.
  • the following statements apply in part also to later described vegetable proteins: Proteins, in particular animal proteins, after the reaction, ie inter alia cross-linking, with other components of the composition according to the invention have a strong dispersing or emulsifying action, which makes it possible to combine certain components hitherto considered incompatible into a stable composition involve.
  • - Proteins have hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional groups that support and enhance the adhesion to different contact surfaces and friction partners in the targeted application in a slip-resistant system.
  • Natural proteins especially animal proteins, after curing and cross-linking, increase the internal strength of coating and binder systems, which are enhanced by the particular reactants selected, i. the remaining components of the composition according to the invention, can be increased or even reduced.
  • the animal protein is not particularly limited, and milk proteins may be used as well as other natural protein sources or waste products containing animal protein components such as collagen or gelatin.
  • Animal proteins are of 100% natural origin and are therefore completely biodegradable and, moreover, relatively inexpensive.
  • the composition according to the invention are as animal protein milk proteins, more preferably in the form of milk, skim milk and / or one or more dairy products, in particular cow's milk or products thereof, such as cottage cheese, cheese or yogurt, or optionally, defatted, milk powder and whey proteins.
  • Their composition is not subject to such strong fluctuations as those of other natural sources of protein, since casein proteins constitute as major constituents about 80% of the protein content in milk.
  • the in the original and naturally occurring protein source milk accompanying substances, such as sugar and fat, are not disturbing in the composition of the invention and support / improve the compatibility of the components with each other and those with additional optional components such as fillers.
  • fats in the alkaline formulation saponify and support the system favorably, the concentration and the amount of fat must be taken into account in view of the best possible frictional resistance of a non-slip surface and also in connection with a water-resistant formulation.
  • Vegetable polymers which are not exclusively understood here, but especially vegetable proteins and polysaccharides and, among the latter, above all starch and cellulose, are assumed to have their characteristic properties (again without wishing to be limited to a specific theory). that they mainly support the adhesive and adhesion promoting functions of the coating and binder systems of the invention and stabilize and enhance the internal strength of the targeted systems. In addition, they can improve the viscoelastic properties of a highly elastic system and thus contribute to the control of the coatings or articles obtained from the composition.
  • the concomitants of plant proteins which is rather disturbing in pure adhesive systems because of undesirable properties there, are deliberately used in the composition according to the invention and used as further important functional components.
  • the starch content of the vegetable polymers develops its optimum effect when it is digested in a cooking process and reacts with the alkaline reaction components in the decomposed state and cures in a crosslinked manner.
  • the reaction product of such vegetable polymers is a hard, very stable product in which very good water resistance is combined with a high degree of crosslinking.
  • vegetable proteins are an important component to enhance the binding and adhesive power to a carrier medium or to any fillers, to improve the adhesive surface properties, to increase the internal strength, without overly restricting the elasticity of the viscoelastic system. as well as to optimize the cross-linking and water resistance of the latex system.
  • gluten e.g. Barley, wheat
  • Plant and vegetable fruits with high protein content e.g. soy
  • Protein-containing products which in the course of anti-slip finishing or binding of a vegetable material are digested and cross-linked only in the second processing step, as set forth below, e.g. Grasses, bark granules, vegetable fibers
  • the selection of the vegetable polymers is determined by the composition of the respective source, where specific property profiles are used and used depending on the protein content and concentration of the accompanying substances.
  • Vegetable protein sources which contain gluten proteins represent the preferred form of vegetable protein sources according to the invention.
  • Adhesive whites in particular support and improve the adhesion and adhesion of latex-based compositions, by their flexibility ensure the maintenance of elasticity and at the same time increase the internal strength of elastic mixtures.
  • starch component forms a more or less strong "starch paste" in thermal digestion, the ever has different strength and toughness according to the origin of the starch and supports the wettability and adhesion of a coating or binder system of the invention.
  • starch constituents can be uniformly crosslinked with alkaline earth metal hydroxides and carbonated with CO2 to form water-resistant, very stable and solid products.
  • the vegetable polymers are not particularly limited.
  • more or less finely minced or ground plants or plant constituents are used as the source of the vegetable polymers, e.g. Plant meal or meal, natural fibers, cotton, sawdust, pulp, etc., as these are readily available and inexpensive.
  • Cornmeal, more preferably wheat or rice flour, in particular wheat flour, is particularly preferably present in the composition according to the invention as the source of the vegetable polymers, since, with simple availability, it contains relatively high proportions of vegetable polymers, i.
  • reaction components selected from alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, bicarbonates and carbonates, including for the purposes of the present invention also - according to the accepted definition of "alkalis” - also ammonia and its carbonate and bicarbonate, for example in the form of deer horn salt , ostensibly serve the digestion and the conversion of the contained natural substances to corresponding reaction products.
  • alkalis also ammonia and its carbonate and bicarbonate, for example in the form of deer horn salt
  • the base ensures an alkaline pH of the composition as a whole and thus the best possible wettability of various materials to be coated therewith as well as resistance to mold and other undesired (because premature) rotting influences.
  • the neutralization occurring in an acidic environment results in the microbiological disruption of the natural components of the composition, resulting in a slow, natural rotting of the compositions prepared from the composition of the invention - coatings or objects after depositing the same allows.
  • light metals react with alkaline systems, so that the composition according to the invention can be used for slip-resistant finishing of light metal surfaces or at the same time as a binder or adhesive for further combinations with light metals.
  • alkaline systems saponify fats and thus neutralize fat deposits in the formulation as well as traces of grease or slight grease contamination on coating surfaces, which represents a significant advantage for a coating system and forms the prerequisite for effective use of natural by-products to be able to.
  • the base used in the composition according to the invention is preferably Ca (OH) 2, NaOH or KOH or a mixture thereof, more preferably Ca (OH) 2 in the form of lime, more preferably a mixture of Lime lime and at least one alkali metal hydroxide, in particular a mixture of lime lime and NaOH.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide (or at least one of them, if any), which is preferably NaOH for reasons of cost, should be premixed with the animal and vegetable components and optionally heated to cause at least partial digestion of these components before release Polymer latex and then the slaked lime is added, as explained in more detail below.
  • the base comprises a carbonate or bicarbonate, by means of which the water resistance can be increased, it is preferably also added only in the last mixing step in order to prevent any foaming of the mixture, if this is not explicitly desired.
  • Polymer latices sometimes react violently and incompatible with strong bases, and these can lead to breakage of the dispersion or emulsion. This effect can be inhibited or prevented by the components a) and b), in particular when the base used is a mixture of lime and at least one alkali metal hydroxide such as NaOH, of which NaOH is used as digestion and reaction component with the components a) and b) is premixed before the polymer latex and - at the same time or only then - the lime lime are added.
  • the base used is a mixture of lime and at least one alkali metal hydroxide such as NaOH, of which NaOH is used as digestion and reaction component with the components a) and b) is premixed before the polymer latex and - at the same time
  • sump lime herein is meant a slurry, ie suspension, of Ca (OH) 2 in water.
  • the use of lime lime has over the advantage of slaked lime the advantage that limestone lime no longer contains undelayed lime content, which could have a negative effect when mixing the components of the composition according to the invention. Therefore, it is particularly preferred to use a lime that has been left to rest (ie, react with water) for at least three months to fully convert the calcium oxide to Ca (OH) 2.
  • both the extent of digestion of the animal and vegetable constituents and the degree of crosslinking of the polymers contained can be controlled.
  • larger amounts of NaOH preheated with components a) and b) before latex and slaked lime are added cause the properties of the animal proteins and the vegetable polymers to be more pronounced.
  • the degree of crosslinking and thus the stability and stiffness as well as the swelling capacity and thus the water resistance of the cured composition can be controlled specifically based on the amount of Ca (OH) 2, as will be explained in more detail in the later examples.
  • polymer latex of component d in principle all available aqueous dispersions or emulsions of polymers, in particular elastomers and in particular rubbers come into question. Since the polymer dispersed in the latex significantly influences the properties of the slip-resistant surfaces and articles produced from the composition according to the invention, and relatively soft, elastic
  • rubber latexes such as those of natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is particularly preferred for use as slip-resistant surfaces - Chuk (NBR), ethylene-propylene (diene) rubber (EPM or EPDM), etc., according to the present invention, in order to avoid further additives, such as plasticizers, wherein by the choice of the latex the properties of the slip-resistant Surface in turn can be varied.
  • natural latex is particularly preferably included as a polymer latex in the composition of the invention.
  • a composition according to the invention for the production of slip-resistant surfaces in preferred embodiments comprises exclusively natural and naturally biodegradable components, which are also inexpensive and also readily recyclable.
  • the properties such as e.g. Flexibility, softness, elasticity, adhesion and swelling power, the cured composition by the appropriate choice of the type and amounts of all components a) to d) in relatively wide ranges adjustable.
  • the composition of the invention in preferred embodiments comprises:
  • the properties of the coatings or articles obtained from the compositions of the present invention are highly variable and thus adaptable to the particular requirements of the slip-resistant product.
  • this variability is also absolutely necessary in view of the practical suitability of the slip-resistant products produced from the composition according to the invention.
  • the best anti-slip coating can not work if it is not matched to the wearer.
  • the anti-slip coating only has the task of ensuring the best possible contact surface and adhesion to the friction partner.
  • the released energies which occur during a movement of the friction partner must be absorbed via the contact surface and transferred to the carrier material itself.
  • the non-slip surface is designed to be elastic, to ensure the wetting and the compensation of unevenness of the different friction partners. At the same time, however, care must be taken to ensure that the contact surfaces do not build up too high adhesive forces in order to avoid undesired sticking, but at the same time they do not become too stiff and inelastic in order to prevent slipping on the contact surface.
  • a non-slip surface should be water-resistant, but not water-repellent, as otherwise a water-gliding film will form between the surface and the friction partner, which will acheive slipping, which is called "silicone effect" in professional circles.
  • composition according to the invention - in addition to the imparting of anti-slip properties - are also quite suitable for imparting water resistance and, if desired, also water-repellent properties, to surfaces coated therewith or objects produced therefrom.
  • it is necessary to increase networking and carbonation tion, in particular with Ca (OH) 2 which further reduces the elasticity and the anti-slip effect, but at the same time increasingly increases the mechanical strength and the water-resistant effect.
  • Ca (OH) 2 content of about 15% by weight, an effective water-resistance of more than 20%, even a permanent water resistance, is achieved.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a composition according to the first aspect, as described above, by mixing the components a) to d), wherein in a first mixing step, the first Components a) and b) are mixed with at least part of component c) before component d) is added in a second mixing step.
  • the optionally present radical of component c) is mixed in either simultaneously with component d) in the second mixing step or only thereafter in a third mixing step.
  • component a) is preferably first mixed with component c) (or a part thereof) and then component b) is mixed in first.
  • this sequence of mixing the components effectively prevents incompatibilities between the individual components, in particular between the polymer latex and the base component or parts thereof.
  • the base component c e.g. of NaOH
  • the animal and vegetable components a) and b these are partially digested and precrosslinked, as a result of which they can effectively prevent the components of the polymer latex from settling in the subsequent third mixing step from the remainder of the mixture.
  • first component a) with component c) or a part thereof is mixed before component b) is added, causing the coagulation / flocculation of the proteins is avoided in the course of thermal digestion of the starch components under the influence of temperature.
  • component c) comprises both Ca (OH) 2 and at least one alkali metal hydroxide, such as NaOH
  • component c) comprises both Ca (OH) 2 and at least one alkali metal hydroxide, such as NaOH
  • it is advantageous to mix the at least one alkali metal hydroxide in the first mixing step with the components a) and b) and Ca (OH> 2 mixing in the second or, even better, only in the third mixing step to prevent unwanted reactions between Ca (OH) 2 and the latex comprises the base component c) hydrogencarbonates or carbonates of alkaline earth metals or alkali metals, of which alkali metal bicarbonates preferred are preferably also mixed in the second or third mixing step to prevent, as mentioned, foaming of the mixture, if not specifically desired.
  • the addition of (additional) Ca (OH) 2 or carbonates regularly takes place only in the last mixing step, whereby lump-free dispersion with suitable agitators must be ensured.
  • the at least partial digestion and the precrosslinking of components a) and b) by the base can be significantly enhanced by heating the mixture of components a), b) and at least part of c) to boiling temperature between the first and the second mixing step followed by the third mixing step, ie the mixing in of the latex, optionally followed by a fourth mixing step, ie the mixing in of Ca (OH) 2 or carbonates.
  • This also causes a significantly extended shelf life of the composition according to the invention, which remains stable for months, while a composition mixed without the intermediate step of heating must be processed quickly, ie preferably within 1 to 2 days, otherwise phase separation phenomena may occur, the others Force stabilization measures and additional material input.
  • the latex is added as component d) directly into the mixture of components a), b) and c) and then optionally the remainder of component c),
  • the composition thus obtained should be heated to boiling temperature or higher upon subsequent manufacture of a non-slip surface on a non-slip surface or article to complete the digestion and crosslinking and solidify the composition into a solid, dry film or article ,
  • the composition is already fully digested, precrosslinked and composed of all the desired components and formulation constituents, it is possible to start the composition as a coating composition or binder at room temperature (ie from 20 ° C.) up to high temperatures of 200 ° C. to dry and harden.
  • room temperature ie from 20 ° C.
  • high temperatures of 200 ° C. to dry and harden.
  • This wide temperature range allows to use the existing equipment effectively even without further technical equipment and without expensive technology. Therefore, such a coating and binder composition is especially suitable for providing temperature-sensitive materials such as EPS or XPS, slip-resistant.
  • the temperature should preferably not exceed 70 ° C, more preferably not more than 65 ° C for EPS and XPS foams in the presence of ambient or contact heat so as not to cause undesirable decomposition or unwanted shrinking processes.
  • the thermal drying and curing process may be adapted to their respective properties, with temperatures preferably not exceeding 200 ° C, more preferably not exceeding 160 ° C, to avoid premature and undesirable thermal degradation
  • the present invention thus relates to the use of a composition according to the first aspect as a coating composition for the production of slip-resistant surfaces on carriers or as a molding composition for the production of objects with anti-slip surface or as a binder for the production of articles with anti-slip surface.
  • the first case refers to a composition which can be applied to a support, e.g. Paper, cardboard, metal (especially light metal), wood or plastic, applied and cured to provide this carrier slip resistant, the nature of the application is not particularly limited.
  • a support e.g. Paper, cardboard, metal (especially light metal), wood or plastic
  • conventional methods of doctoring, spraying, dipping, printing, coating or transfer coating can be used, as long as the respective viscosity of the composition according to the invention permits it.
  • the other two cases relate to the production of three-dimensional bodies from the composition according to the invention, for example by molding, wherein only the extent to which further components are added varies.
  • the body thus formed consists mainly or even substantially of the composition according to the invention, although Of course, conventional additives such as dyes, plasticizers, thickeners, mixing aids, etc. may be included in a relatively small extent.
  • binders further agents, such as fillers, are added to a greater extent to the composition according to the invention. It will be understood, however, that the transition between use as a molding compound and that as a binder is fluid.
  • the viscoelastic properties of the binder must be matched to the natural filler in order to ensure permanent use (eg in multiple applications) of a non-slip surface therefrom.
  • the mixture of binder according to the invention and cork granules can be thermally digested and pre-crosslinked as well as prepared without this pretreatment by simple mixing in the described and shown order.
  • a thermal processing process as mentioned above, is not mandatory.
  • the thermal support for rapid curing and drying can be freely designed and adapted to the conditions.
  • Non-precrosslinked and digested approaches should be subjected to a thermal process above 100 ° C in the processing process, in order to ensure the unfinished reactions of the individual substances and the development of important constituents during the molding process.
  • This open system offers the advantage of being transferable into existing thermal processing processes - without further additional steps - and of using very economical binder systems with the corresponding properties with the least possible effort. It should be noted again that not open-minded and non-networked approaches only have limited shelf life and stability and should be processed promptly, preferably within a few days.
  • the mixing ratio between cork granulate and binder is determined by four factors:
  • Granule size The smaller the granule size, the more binding agent is required.
  • 70% by weight of cork granules having a particle size of 2-3 mm can be mixed with 30% by weight of binder to produce a 3 mm thick, non-slip and permanently stable cork granulate plate.
  • the resulting mixture is compacted in a plate tool to remove most of the water, e.g. in a ratio between 2: 1 and 5: 1, and then heated by the contact heating of the tool for the required period of time to the desired drying temperature.
  • the following combinations have proven useful: 80 ° C for 7 minutes, 100 ° C for 5 minutes and 130 ° C for 3 minutes.
  • the exact selection of the drying conditions depends, inter alia, on the heat sensitivity of the binder components, the water content of the composition and the tool design in the production of the panels or other molded parts.
  • Cork is a "sucking product", so that when mixed with the binder some of the water is taken up by the cork itself. Therefore, it is crucial to adjust the elasticity of the binder to the cork properties. With further optimization of the manufacturing technology can be significantly shorter production times and realize further economic potential.
  • the product is recyclable after its application by granulation again, after which new parts can be made from it with the same or an optimized binder. Each recycling cycle becomes more advantageous because the cork granules are already encapsulated with the active ingredients, ie encased, and thus the amount of binder required for recycling can be significantly reduced, eg by up to 70% or more.
  • Cork products made with a new binder are upgraded by additional new properties.
  • non-slip equipment which is an important and crucial issue in the packaging area and in load securing
  • every cork granulate grain is encapsulated and encapsulated with the binder, with the result that the typical cork odor is greatly reduced.
  • the coating and binder mass which has been trimmed for optimal wettability, with other materials already during the production process (that is to say in a "one-step process”) leads to further, upgraded products.
  • composition according to the invention is a binder for polystyrene foam granules as filler, which is preferably recycled polystyrene foam.
  • proportions of elasticity-reducing constituents such as starch and / or crosslinking reaction components such as CaOH 2
  • the product characteristics of polystyrene foam such as low thermal stability and non-absorbency, must be taken into account in the form of lower viscosity and maximum wettability of the binder, which can best be achieved by optimizing milk protein and latex concentrations
  • all components should be completely thermally digested and precrosslinked.
  • the thermal processing of polystyrene foam should be limited to about 65 ° C, for a short time to a maximum of 70 ° C, to avoid decay or shrinkage. processes of polystyrene foam.
  • recycled polystyrene foam the advantages of the invention are particularly well recognizable, as here by the use of a composition according to the invention as a binder, an economical and meaningful recycling of a waste product and the creation of new polystyrene foam qualities are made possible.
  • the finished products have very high internal strength, sufficient elasticity and depending on the concentration of the binder in the manufacturing a range from weak to very strong slip-resistant effect on the outer surfaces of plates made from them.
  • polystyrene foam board for example, 50 wt .-% polystyrene foam granules mixed with 2-3 mm grain size with 50 wt .-% binder, which corresponds to a volume ratio of about 95% filler and 5% binder), wherein
  • the ratio can vary greatly depending on the desired product properties and grain size used.
  • the resulting mixtures of binder and granules are compacted in a platen tool, again e.g. to values between 2: 1 and 5: 1, and then dried.
  • the drying temperature is limited by the properties of the polystyrene foam, which is why after a short time heating or heating the residual moisture usually has to be removed by drying at room temperature by means of ambient air or in a recirculating air drying channel or a convection oven (with or without heating).
  • Polystyrene foam boards according to the invention are also recyclable after (preferably repeated) use in a manner similar to cork granules by re-granulation and binding. Again, by already coating a once-granulated polystyrene granule with binder components, the amount of binder needed for the rebond can be significantly reduced, e.g. by up to 50% or more.
  • precrosslinked and thermally digested compositions instead of (therefore also not digested) cereal flour may contain the already thermally digested product bread crumbs.
  • This is particularly advantageous in the case of formulations with sodium bicarbonate NaHCO 3 or "staghorn salt", ie ammonium carbonate (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 or hydrogen carbonate NH 4 HCO 3 , as the base, since decomposition and gas evolution are caused by thermal influences (CO 2 ), especially for bicarbonates started become.
  • Alternative animal and vegetable proteins and polymers or sources thereof including e.g. Gelatin, soy, rice, potato, corn, peas, beans, eggs and animal and vegetable waste products and residues have been tested in numerous formulation experiments and have confirmed the operation of the present invention without exception. It is thus easily possible to exchange the components a) and b) used in the following formulation examples with alternative animal and vegetable proteins and polymers, preferably pure natural products.
  • the person skilled in the art can determine the respective effects of alternative natural substances on the property profiles of compositions according to the invention by appropriate experiments in a simple manner and without undue experimentation and correspondingly optimize the mixing ratios of the four components.
  • water-soluble animal protein sources such as gelatins, egg white and pure casein were used instead of the representatives cited in the working examples which have comparable dispersing properties after digestion with base and are to be coated in combination with the vegetable polymers - And binder compositions can be compounded with anti-slip effects.
  • the mode of action of these other animal proteins is largely comparable with milk protein, in all cases superficially and deliberately the dispersing effect in otherwise incompatible component mixtures, the improvement of the wettability by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic molecular structure of the proteins and more or less strong pronounced stickiness and internal strength are used and used.
  • the different properties of the animal proteins can be taken into account by the choice of the other composition components, by the addition of further, complementary proteins and / or by changes in the protein concentration in the formulation.
  • the differences in quality of the animal proteins can also be used deliberately to further optimize the desired end product or to change it in desired directions or to impart other properties in addition to the slip resistance.
  • Gelatine is a partially hydrolyzed collagen made from animal connective tissue protein and is widely used as a protein glue and thickening agent in technical applications. Even in small amounts (from approx. 1%), gelatine is strongly thickening / gelling in water and loses its viscosity at temperatures above approx. 50 ° C (reversible). Their amphoteric properties allow both reactions in an acidic and in an alkaline medium and thus support the pronounced strong wettability of different materials and materials with a composition according to the invention to a particular extent. Gelatin digested with alkali metal hydroxides and crosslinked loses its gelling effect at room temperature and can easily be processed analogously to digested milk protein.
  • the dispersing effect in the material mixture is comparable to that of other animal proteins.
  • the stickiness or sticking force is noticeably lower in comparison to milk proteins or other protein glues (such as skin glue, bone glue).
  • Open-minded, cross-linked and compositionally hardened gelatin leads to very hard and brittle products, which, considering one is preferably conscious elastically-containing formulation makes the use of gelatin only make sense if the gelatin content is reduced compared to that of milk protein and / or other composition components, such as the proteins and / or polysaccharides from plant sources, adjusted.
  • Skin Glue (Glutin Warm Glue): Skin Glue and Bone Glue are highly effective, elastic and aging-resistant collagen products. Due to their high protective colloid effect, they are specifically used industrially as dispersing aids. Glutin glues are a highly effective and efficient alternative to milk proteins in the production of non-slip mixtures and gumming. Adhesive strength, wettability and internal strength are appreciably promoted, and the rubber-elastic behavior can be improved by the addition of polyhydric alcohols, e.g. Glycerin, and / or sugar can be further optimized. If such glues are used, the proportion of vegetable polymers can be significantly reduced if desired, and because of their water resistance and resistance when crosslinked with other or additional tannins (such as tannin), non-slip surfaces can be waterproofed.
  • polyhydric alcohols e.g. Glycerin
  • the processability, ie the swelling, dissolution / melting of the glue under temperature influence, the waterproof crosslinking in the latex system and the changes in the properties in the event of a strong change in climate are more complicated than with milk protein.
  • skin glue as shown in Examples 4 and 5 has been well established as a source of animal protein.
  • Casein when used in analogous dilution to milk and milk products, exhibits the most similar properties and test results to the formulations given in the examples.
  • Egg white A high-quality protein source that is largely fat-free and composed of different proteins with approximately 11% protein content.
  • the dispersing and firming properties are pronounced as with all animal proteins, however, complex processing and economic disadvantages compared to milk proteins do not give any overall additional advantages in the production of non-slip coating and binder formulations. It should be noted that in combination with alkali metal hydroxides a strong, permanently unstable gelation occurs, which can be reversed before further processing and admixture of other components by briefly heating to a maximum of 65-70 ° C, after which the composition no longer gels.
  • Egg yolks The egg yolk contains in comparison to egg white / protein in addition to a higher protein concentration and high levels of animal fat (about 30%), which must be saponified with higher concentrations of alkaline digestion and crosslinking agents, the emulsifying effect in the mixture but clearly strengthen. Too high (digested) fat contents in the total formulation (from about 3%) reduce the moisture and water resistance, the stickiness and the adhesion in the final sample. However, it significantly reduces and reduces the internal strength of the cured products. Although this can be countered inter alia by the addition of other proteins and vegetable polymers, so that egg yolks can be used in significant proportions in formulations of the invention.
  • Egg yolk protein is therefore especially a valuable protein-containing formulation component for anti-slip products, when it is deliberately used in relatively low concentration as a property-enhancing Nunancier excipient.
  • Rye flour When using rye flour, which contains no gluten and a lower starch content, instead of wheat flour is obtained in the same other formulation composition a comparable coating and binder composition in their consistency and effect, which mainly differs in that the anti-slip and the cross-linking effect are slightly weaker. Nevertheless, even such a composition as a coating on absorbent or open-porous materials adheres sufficiently well to the substrate. Although smooth and closed surfaces are also well wetted, the adhesion thereto is weaker and may be present in some materials, e.g. Sometimes insufficient, unless additional measures are taken, such as Change in the composition of animal proteins or increase their proportion.
  • Potato flour If the recipe composition is otherwise the same as in the examples, potato instead of wheat flour will result in a much more viscous and tougher coating and binder composition obtained whose elasticity is greatly reduced after the drying and curing process and which is also noticeably more crosslinked. Alkali-digested potato flour remains slightly gritty in structure and does not form a homogenous uniform film in the thermally-assisted digestion. With appropriate recipe optimisations, such as reduction of the potato flour content and adaptation of the other reaction components, targeted product properties for non-slip coating and binder mixtures can also be created with potato flour.
  • Pea flour behaves very similar to potato flour and differs only by the slightly higher protein content, which leads to a slightly more elastic behavior in the final product than potato flour recipes.
  • Corn and rice flour have similar properties to wheat flour. Both can be thermally well absorbed, lead to uniform and homogeneous, highly viscous, easily cross-linked masses and differ from other cereal flours only by their slightly lower protein content, which leads to somewhat inflexible, less elastic combinations with the latex.
  • the slightly higher fat content in cornmeal (about 3.8% instead of 2.2%) additionally supports the emulsifying effect, but limits the water resistance slightly, as shown by example 7, where, in addition to skin glue as animal protein maize flour as vegetable Component was used.
  • Soy and other oil crops contain high levels of protein, but in their natural form they also contain high levels of vegetable fats, which are hardly suitable for use in latex-based slip-resistant coating and binder compounds. Soy meal or other press residues from oil extraction, on the other hand, are suitable for use as a formulation component due to their low residual fat content.
  • Soy meal or other press residues from oil extraction are suitable for use as a formulation component due to their low residual fat content.
  • unsweetened soymilk containing 4% protein, 0.1% fat and 4% starch has been investigated, which has proved to be a suitable source of vegetable polymers. In order to keep the water content of the composition low, it should be used from soymilk better defatted milk powder may be used as the source of the animal protein (instead of milk or quark).
  • the composition of the invention i. as a coating composition, as a molding composition and as a binder
  • the composition itself can also be foamed prior to curing in order to produce a foamed coating or a foamed article.
  • the foaming can be effected both by using a carbonate or bicarbonate as the base component and by adding an additive containing a blowing agent, preferably CO2, or a combination thereof, or else using a forced-ventilated technical system.
  • the invention relates to an antislip surface on a non-slip surface article consisting of a composition according to the first aspect in a cured state, which, as described above, is applied to a backing or, for example, in FIG cast a mold and dried, cured and crosslinked.
  • a non-slip surface article consisting of a composition according to the first aspect in a cured state, which, as described above, is applied to a backing or, for example, in FIG cast a mold and dried, cured and crosslinked.
  • Such an anti-slip surface on a wear-resistant article may preferably be used for securing cargo, i. to prevent the slipping of cargo, are used.
  • a special case is an anti-slip surface, which is in the form of an imprint on the carrier.
  • the composition according to the invention can also serve as an ink with slip-resistant function, with which a print, such as a lettering, for example, on a carrier, such as paper or cardboard, applied using a conventional printing process. Curing takes place in the printing process customary in series, where printing inks are thermally dried and thus no additional working step or expense is required for heating the composition according to the invention.
  • the coating produced from the composition of the invention not only acts slip-resistant, but also serves as an information carrier.
  • a non-slip printed package can also be equipped as a packaging and load protection device.
  • the components a) to c) were premixed, then heated with constant stirring to boiling temperature (95-100 ° C) and, as soon as the mass had turned from milky white to transparent-turbid, without additional cooling to about 30-35 C. until the latex component d) was mixed in and stirred and dispersed for at least 10 minutes. It is - as with all later examples - to make sure not to stir too much air and not to use a stirrer, which heats the composition by high shear forces during stirring.
  • the components a), b) and ci) were premixed, then heated to boiling temperature (95-100 ° C) with constant stirring and, as soon as the mass had changed from milky white to transparent-turbid, without additional cooling to ca. 30-35 ° C was allowed to cool before the latex component d) was mixed and stirred for at least 10 minutes and dispersed.
  • the slow admixture of the reaction component C2) took place, which was predispersed and therefore contained no lumps or agglomerates. This was followed by a 10-minute thorough dispersion with a suitable stirring and mixing unit.
  • component C2 may also be slurried with water at 10% dilution, and instead of the final dispersion, the composition may be subjected to fine dispersion on a roll mill or a bead mill shortly after blending reaction component C2).
  • This dispersing system is best used when dyes, pigments or other auxiliaries have been added in order to disperse them with sufficient fineness.
  • Example 1 Compared with Example 1 can be seen in the formulation that by increasing the base portions and the additional basic reaction component, the crosslinking and Stabilization against water exposure is the optimization goal of this coating quality, which illustrates the relationships and modes of action mentioned above. Due to the additional base component, (CaOH 2 ) in the form of limestone, and the correspondingly reduced protein content, the mixing ratios are shifted in favor of better crosslinking and stabilization. The originally high elasticity was intentionally and deliberately reduced in this formulation, and the internal strength and the viscoelastic effect in the overall system are reinforced. This formulation was specially developed for load securing products, is geared to different carrier materials and friction partners and also stabilized for high mechanical loads.
  • the additional base component CaOH 2
  • the originally high elasticity was intentionally and deliberately reduced in this formulation, and the internal strength and the viscoelastic effect in the overall system are reinforced.
  • This formulation was specially developed for load securing products, is geared to different carrier materials and friction partners and also stabilized for high mechanical loads.
  • Recipe 2 is due to its special properties but also for the production of articles with anti-slip surface effect, especially as an effective and sustainable binder system for products with different amounts of filler.
  • Natural latex (TS about 50%) 40.0% by weight
  • the components a), b) and ci) were premixed, wherein first a) and Ci) were mixed to form a slightly viscous, digested protein mass, and only then component b) was added and mixed. The mixture was then heated to 90-95 ° C. with constant stirring and allowed to cool again to 30-35 ° C. before the latex component d) and only then the lime lime C 2) were mixed in with constant stirring, after which the mixture became a further 15 Was stirred for minutes.
  • this formulation is excellently suited to form durable stable foams and also as a very stable and permanently elastic binder system, where, in addition to the addition of freely selectable fillers, high-quality components with non-slip outer surfaces are also created via the joining technique (adhesive bonding).
  • the mixing and preheating of the components a), b) and c-i) was carried out analogously to Example 2, after which the latex component d) was mixed in and stirred and dispersed for at least 10 minutes.
  • the slow admixture of the reaction component C2) which was slurried with 10% dilution with water to prevent lumping.
  • a 10 minute fine dispersion was carried out on a roll mill.
  • This formula forms the basis of simple optimizations and product adaptations to various carriers to be coated by adjusting the stickiness and adhesion to the carrier surface by simply varying the concentration of the skin glue.
  • Example 4 The preparation of the composition was carried out analogously to Example 4. This formulation is optimized in elastic behavior, not as strongly crosslinked as those of Examples 2 to 4 and was - in view of their reduced water resistance - specially developed for indoor applications without permanent humidity and wetness.
  • composition according to the invention from formulation 6 was prepared as described in Example 2 and then mixed in a ratio of 30:70 with cork granules, particle size 2-3 mm.
  • the mixture of binder and filler cork thus obtained was compacted in a 3: 1 ratio in a platen tool and heated at 130 ° C. for 3 minutes to obtain a hardened 3 mm thick cork plate which, in addition to excellent slip resistance, also has good flexibility ,
  • Example 7 antislip polystyrene foam board
  • composition according to the invention from formulation 7 was prepared as described in Example 2 and then mixed in a weight ratio of 50:50 with polystyrene foam granules, grain size 2-3 mm.
  • the resulting mixture of binder and polystyrene foam filler was compacted in a 4: 1 ratio plate mold, heated to 30 ° C for 5 minutes and then allowed to dry for 45 minutes at room temperature in an unheated convection oven and cured to form a cured polystyrene foam sheet 3 mm thick, which in addition to excellent slip resistance also has good stability and flexural strength.
  • Example 2 The composition from Example 2 was applied to four different support materials by means of various coating methods and cured, as indicated in the individual examples.
  • the carrier materials thus finished with the compositions according to the invention were tested for their frictional resistances ⁇ .
  • these laboratory test methods and procedures remain an important and guiding reference, but are not accepted for industrial qualification and commercial release. Therefore, to assess the slip-resistant effect of fabrics, practical tensile tests are carried out with original cargo and friction partners in all weather conditions. Only in this way will the legally recognized principles be developed, which will lead to a test certificate associated with the product and the application and to the test certificate required for the production and marketing of load securing equipment in order to document the effectiveness of a system or product.
  • a load of known mass is placed on a non-slip surface to be tested, which was placed on a practical base (eg screen printing floor or wooden pallet).
  • a shifting force is built up by a tractor and held by means of an intermediate load cell, the measured tensile force, which is applied to the load. It will determine the restraint forces that are required to bring the load in motion (holding force or static friction).
  • the load is continuously shifted further to determine the sliding resistance of a moving load (sliding friction). This process is done on a sample interrupted and restarted several times to record and document the lasting effect and mechanical degradation of a product.
  • the holding force (static friction) to move a mass is always higher than the moving mass (sliding friction).
  • the measurement results given in the examples correspond to the official and accepted test procedures, where the sliding friction (ie the lowest value in the test procedure) is shown and documented. These results are defined and expressed as a coefficient of friction or coefficient of friction ⁇ .
  • the statutory minimum friction coefficient for anti-slip underlays in load securing is 0.6 ⁇ .
  • Good and high-quality products for load securing have friction resistance values of about 0.8 ⁇ .
  • the papers and paper products known on the market currently reach measurement results in the range of 0.5 to 0.6 ⁇ and are preferably used as packaging aids (intermediate layers) against slippage of entire load units.
  • Multilayer systems such as Carrier made of cardboard combined with PU foam as anti-slip coating can exceed the legal minimum requirement of 0.6 ⁇ and are used with 0.6 to 0.7 ⁇ friction resistance as a cost-effective disposable system for load securing.
  • Carrier Corrugated cardboard with 2 mm or 4 mm thickness
  • Coating technology two-sided application by means of coating and filling technique; Drying and curing at room temperature or with contact heating, 1 min at 160 ° C
  • Example 8 (2 mm thickness, room temperature) 0.70 to 0.75 ⁇
  • Example 9 (2 mm thickness, heating) 0.71 to 0.75 ⁇
  • Example 10 (4 mm thickness, room temperature) 0.70 to 0.80 ⁇
  • Example 1 1 (4 mm thickness, heating) 0.74 to 0.80 ⁇
  • test results themselves are hardly influenced by the different thicknesses and drying methods, although the thicker base tends to give better values.
  • tempered drying and curing causes slight scattering in the case of cardboard as the carrier material.
  • Carrier kraft paper, 120 g / m 2
  • Coating technology two-sided application by roll coating; Drying and curing by means of IR radiation, both sides, at 160 ° C for 20 s
  • Friction partner above BigBag (PP fabric) with plastic granule filling with 1056 kg weight
  • Example 12 0.68 ⁇
  • Examples 13 and 14 Coating on cork granule plate
  • Carrier Cork granules plate, thickness 3 mm, grain size 2-3 mm
  • Coating technology two-sided application by means of coating and filling technique
  • Example 13 (room temperature) 0.91 ⁇
  • test results are comparable with different drying technology, but it is advantageous for absorbent materials such as paper and cork to use temperature-assisted drying techniques to ensure the consistent and uniform curing and drying in the overall composite.
  • Carrier Cork granules plate, thickness 3 mm, grain size 2-3 mm
  • Coating technology two-sided application by means of coating and filling technique; Drying and curing with contact heating, 1 min at 160 ° C
  • Friction partner above beverage cartons stacked with 531 kg weight
  • Example 15 0.91 ⁇
  • Carrier XPS foam, thickness 2.2 mm
  • Coating technique two-sided application by means of dipping and doctor blade stripping technology; Drying and curing in tempered circulating air drying channel, 2 min at 70 ° C Coating: Formulation 2 with 25 g / m 2 (dry weight)
  • Sample size 2 pcs. Blank 800 x 150 mm as slip-resistant pad or
  • Example 16 (800 x 150 mm) 0.88 ⁇
  • Carrier XPS foam, thickness 2.2 mm
  • Coating technology two-sided application by means of dipping and doctor blade stripping technology; Drying and curing in tempered circulating air drying channel, 2 min at 70 ° C Coating: Formulation 2 with 25 g / m 2 (dry weight)
  • Sample size 2 pcs. Blank 800 x 150 mm as anti-slip backing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition destinée à la fabrication de surfaces antidérapantes et contenant a) une protéine animale, b) des polymères végétaux, c) une base sélectionnée dans le groupe comportant des hydroxydes de métal alcalin et des hydroxydes de métal alcalinoterreux, des hydrogénocarbonates de métal alcalin et des hydrogénocarbonates de métal alcalinoterreux, des carbonates de métal alcalin et des carbonates de métal alcalinoterreux, et d) un latex polymère. L'invention porte également sur des revêtements antidérapants pour supports et objets à surfaces antidérapantes, obtenus en utilisant ladite composition.
PCT/AT2011/000305 2010-07-15 2011-07-15 Composition destinée à la fabrication de surfaces antidérapantes WO2012006651A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP11751785.4A EP2593413B1 (fr) 2010-07-15 2011-07-15 Composition destinée à la fabrication de surfaces antidérapantes

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EPPCT/EP2010/004317 2010-07-15
PCT/EP2010/004317 WO2011006660A1 (fr) 2009-07-16 2010-07-15 Matière moulable pour la fabrication de pièces moulées
ATA78/2011 2011-01-19
AT782011A AT511047B1 (de) 2011-01-19 2011-01-19 Zusammensetzungen zur herstellung rutschhemmender oberflächen

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012102330A1 (de) * 2012-03-20 2013-09-26 Adam Dromert Verwertung von trockenem Brot
WO2013185819A1 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Intier Automotive Eybl Gmbh (Ebergassing) & Co Ohg Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée et pièce moulée

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD156612A1 (de) * 1981-02-25 1982-09-08 Joachim Antemann Verfahren zur rueckenausruestung von teppichbodenmaterial
JPH04208487A (ja) 1990-08-03 1992-07-30 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd 改ざん防止用単一層型自己発色性感圧複写紙
US5672199A (en) * 1993-11-20 1997-09-30 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Water-containing antislip composition
KR100476099B1 (ko) 2003-11-26 2005-03-14 김덕수 나일론 장갑 코팅용 조성물 및 그 제조 방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB245540A (en) * 1924-10-21 1926-01-14 Thomas Marshall Rigby Improvements in and relating to rubber latex compositions and the application thereof
US2121087A (en) * 1936-08-20 1938-06-21 Labra Joseph Ship deck mortar-like adhesive plastic
DE69013995T2 (de) * 1989-06-30 1995-03-16 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Copolymerlatexes und Paperbeschichtungszusammensetzung, Zusammensetzung für Teppichrückbeschichtung oder Klebemischung welche dieses Latex enthält.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD156612A1 (de) * 1981-02-25 1982-09-08 Joachim Antemann Verfahren zur rueckenausruestung von teppichbodenmaterial
JPH04208487A (ja) 1990-08-03 1992-07-30 Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd 改ざん防止用単一層型自己発色性感圧複写紙
US5672199A (en) * 1993-11-20 1997-09-30 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Water-containing antislip composition
KR100476099B1 (ko) 2003-11-26 2005-03-14 김덕수 나일론 장갑 코팅용 조성물 및 그 제조 방법

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012102330A1 (de) * 2012-03-20 2013-09-26 Adam Dromert Verwertung von trockenem Brot
WO2013185819A1 (fr) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Intier Automotive Eybl Gmbh (Ebergassing) & Co Ohg Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée et pièce moulée

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